A

COLLECTION

[VOYAGES;
| Undertaken by the

| Dutch E aft-Lidia Company., j

| for the Improvement of

TRADE and NAVIGATION-

CONTAINING
An Account of feveral Attempts to find out the
North-Eaft Paffage, and their Difcoveries in
the Eaft-Indies, and the South Seas.

TOGETHER
With an Hiftorical Introdu&ion, giving an ac¬
count of the Rife, Eftablifhment and Pro-
grefs of that great Body.

Tranflated into Englifo, and Illuftrated with fe¬

veral Charts.

L 0 N D 0 N,
Printed for V/. Freeman near Temple Bar, J. W.alt hoe in the
Temple, The. flenbmugh at the Golden Ball in St. Paul's
Churcb-Tard, John FUchaljon at the Kings-Arms in Little
Britain, and R. Parker under the Royal Rxthange in
Cornhil, 1703.
INTRODUCTION.
T Hough an infinity of evils attends
the Wars, with which States and
Kingdoms are afflidted by the Divine
Permifiion; yet they oftentimes procure un-
jexpedted benefits. The fame providence that
humbles the Sinner, furnilhes means to raife
him upon a due Repentance. The fcourge
of War that punifnes Men, may contribute
when the .Divine Providence, thinks fit, to
whet their Spirits, and render them capable
of any Interprife.
This was the fcourge that gall’d the Uni- 0
ted Provinces for fo long a time; and con-
ftrain’d ’em to range o’er the remoteft Coun¬
tries, in queft of the means of Subfiftance,
of which the King of Spain had robb’d ’em,
not only by denying ’em the ufe of his Ports,
but by laying their Country defolate with
Fire and Sword, and exercifing the cruelleft
adts of Tyranny upon their Ferfons.
If the Spaniards had not fiez’d their Ships,
and expos’d their Perfons to the rigour of
the Inquifition, probably they had never ex¬
tended their Navigation beyond the Baltick
Sea, the Northern Countries, England, France,
A % Spain
 The Introduction..
Spain and its Dependencies, the Mediterra- ;
tie an, and the'Levant. - 5
One would have thought, that the Ty-,
rannical ufage of the Spaniards, would have ;
ruin’d their Country, and extirpated theBeo- j
pie: But on the contrary, it occafion’d the:
Wellfare and Profperity both of the one and |
the other. The People being conduced by;;
fuch Sovereigns as were naturally Wife, and .
(if it be poffible ) became Wifer by the fenfe j
of Danger; being lupported by the Prudence,
and animated by the Valour of their re-
noun’d General and Stadt-holder, Prince
Maurice of Najfau: The People, I fay, tin¬
der thefe Encouragements, happily fet out-
in order to find under another Firmament,’
and among barbarous Savages, the Succours;
that were refus’d ’em by their Neighbours. _ j;
Of all the Countries that Were vifited in;
the way of this forc’d Trade, none have con;
tributed more towards the Riches and pre-f
lent Happinefs of the United Provinces, than,
the Eaft arid Wejl-Indies: Now in order tc
reach thefe Countries, they were oblig’d to|
avpid the meeting with the Spaniards, orthsj
Portuguefe ■ and that difficulty feem’d to be
in a manner unfurmountable. But after all;
they found out ways and means to compafs
their End. . j
Among others, James Valk, and Chrijlnj
■ph'er Roeltiiu, the one TreafureF, 'and "the 6;
,'ther Pcnfioner to the States of Zealand]
' ' V thelj
I Tbe IntroiuBion.
[ there, I fay, in conjunction with divers Mer¬
chants , particularly Balthafar Moucheron,
John Janfen Charles, Dirk van Os, and feve-
ral others, took up a refolution of opening
a Paffage to the Indies, from whence they
were unjuftly excluded by the Emperor
Charles V, and Philip II. King of Spain.
j They conceiv’d that by fteeringNorth-Ead,
Ithey might afterwards run along the Coaft
lof Tartary, and fo reach CatPai, China, Ja-
fpan, India, and the Philippine and Molucca
uflands. The execution of this Project was
[committed to two excellent Mariners, name¬
ly, William Barentz, and James Heemskirk,
[and divers, others, as’twill appear in the re¬
lations contained in this Book. But hitherto
the Almighty has not favour’d the difcovery
of that PalTage, or of the People that live
in thefe Climats.
While they were in quell of this Northern
Paflage, one Cornelius Houtman a Hollander,
happen’d t; be in Portugal, and there fatis-
fied his Cunofity by a diligent enquiry into
the Hate of the Eaft-Indies, and'the courle
that one mud deer, in order to come at it.
He had frequent Conferences upon this
SubjeCt with the Portuguefe, who gave no¬
tice of it to the Court: At that time all Fo¬
reigners were driCtly prohibited to make
uch enquiries, and upon that fcore Houtman
vas put in Prifon, and order’d to lie there till
ie paid a fevere Fine.
A , la
 'the IutroduBhi.
Tn order to raife fuch a confiderable fum
of Money, he addrefs’d himlelf to the Mer¬
chants of Awfterdam; and gave ’em to know,
that if they would pay his Fine, he would
difcover to them all that related to the Eajl-
Indies, and the Paflage thither. According¬
ly, they granted his Requeft, and he per-
iorin’d his Promife.
After a mature confederation ,of what he
had offer’d, they refolv’d to erect another
Company, call’d the Company for remote:
Countries. The Directors for this Compa¬
ny were, Henry Htidden, Renter Pauxo, Pe¬
ter Hajfelaar, John Janfz, Charles de Oude,
John Poppen, Henry Buyck, Dirck van Of,!
Syvert Pieterjz Sew, and Arent ten Grooten-
huife. \
Thefe Directors conftdering that ’twas as'
yet very uncertain, whether the North Paf-
iage was Pra&icable; though at the fame
time they were fenfiblethat ’twas thefhort-
eft, and the fureft Paffage, and withal the'
mod Heajthy, in regard that in it‘they did
not crofs the Equinodial Line: Upon this^
confuleration, I fay, they came to a Refolu-|
tion, A. D. iypy. to fend four Vefiels tof
the Indies by the way of the Cape of Goof
Hope.
Houtman and fome others, who had the -
Command in this Expedition, were order’d
to obferve the courfe they fleer’d very nar-;
rowly, and to fettle with the Indians the
Com-i
I
\ The IntroduEl'ml,
1 Commerce of Spices and other Goods, ef-
pecially in thofe Countries where the Pbrtu-
guefe had no Settlement. They look’d upon
this Commerce as a very valuable thing, ef-
Jpecialiy confidering that it would fave ’em
; the trouble of fetching that fort of Goods
ifrom Portugal, which they could not do
; without great hazard.
/ Thele Ships return’d to Holland in the fpace
i of two years and four Months after their fet¬
ing out; and though they had made no
great profit of the Voyage, yet their Suc-
cefs animated their Owners, and feveral o-
ther Merchants, to carry on the defign yet
further. In effeft, a Member of the Com¬
pany being dead, they prelently put into his
place Gerard Bicker, a very conilderable Mer¬
chant. Then they had advice, that fome
other Merchants of Amjlerdam defign’d to
fit out Ships for bulla. The names of thofe
Merchants, were Vincent van Bronchorfi, Si-
mon Janfz Fortuyn, Govert Dirrickz, Corneli¬
us van Kampen , Jacob Thomafz, Elbert Si-
monfz, Joncheyn and John Hdrmanfz. The
Company, to avoid Animofities, thought it
neceflary to unite with thefe Merchants, and
accordingly the two Fleets confiding of
eight Veilels, joyn'd, under the Command
of James van Nek, their Admiral, and fail’d
from the Texel A. D. 1598.
A defign of the fame nature was likewife
fet on foot in Zealand ■ and accordingly Bal¬
ls. 4 thafar
 7k Introduction.
thafar Moucheron, and Adrian Hendrik ten
Haaf, with fome other Partners, fitted out
Ships for the Indies. The Inhabitants of
Rotterdam being fpurr’d up by fuch Exam¬
ples, prefently form’d a Company, and fit-
ed out five Ships under the Command of
3fames Malm, with orders to Sail to the Mo¬
lucca Iflands, by the Strait of Magellan, and
the South Sea.
In the mean time the Amflerdam Mer¬
chants grew hotter upon the matter; and
the Company I mention’d before, without
flaying for the return of the Fleet they had
Pent already, fitted out three Ships more,
which put, to Sea May the 4th 1599. under
the Command of Stephen vander Hagen. On
the 8th of the next July, four of the eight
Ships that went out f;rfl, arriv’d in the Texel,
and after they were unloaded, were imme¬
diately fent back again under the Command
of JamesWillehens.
About the fame time feveral Amflerdam
Merchants, mod of whom were Bralanders
by Birth, form’d another Company upon
the fameDefign, and fitted out four Veflels
which put to Sea December 1599, in compa¬
ny with four of the old Company’s Ships.
1 wo years after all thefe eight Ships came
home with rich Cargo’s: But before their
arrival, this new Company had fent out two,
which were joyn’d by fix more belonging to
the old Company; all of ’em putting to Sea
A. D.
 7h Introduction,
A. D. i6ao. under the Command of James
van Nek; and in the procefs of time, all of
’em return’d at feveral times to their ref-
pedive Ports.
Upon the confideration of thefe lucky
Adventures, feveral frelh Ships were fitted
out in Amfierdam, Zealand, and elfewhere.
Among others, thirteen were fent from Am¬
fierdam, viz. four belonging to the Old, and
.four to the New Company, under the
Command of James Heemshjrk, and James
Grenier; and five more from the old Com¬
pany, bound for the Molucca's, under the
Command of tVolphart Harmanfz. All the
thirteen fet fail from the Texel April 16 o i,
The Spaniards were enraged with Anger
and Grief, partly in regard of the Affront
they fuffer’d, in feeing fuch petty Merchants
compafs their Ends in fpite of their Teeth,
and partly upon the account of the lofs they
fuftain’d, and were likely to fuftain hereaf¬
ter. With this view they fitted out a ftrong
Squadron, in order to furprife the Dutch
Ships. This Squadron confifting of thirty
Men of War well mann’d, fell in with eight
of the Dutch Ships in the Month of May, in
the Latitude of 14 Deg. The Dutch per¬
ceiv’d the inequality of their Number and
Forces, notwithflanding that they hadfome
Soldiers aboard; however they were not
daunted, for they fought bravely, and the
Spans(h Admiral was fo warmly receiv’d, that
he
 77;e introduBion.
he. thought it convenient to let them pals.
In the next year, which was the z6oi,
three Ships came home from the Indies rich¬
ly laden. They brought Advice, that the
King of Achen had attempted to feize two
of Moucherons Ships, that had fet out from
Holland A.D. 1599. That Cornelius Hout-
man the Commander, had loft his life in the
Adventure; and in fine, that the Ships had
efcap’d, but that fome of the Dutch continu¬
ed prifoners in the hands of the King of A-
chen.
Paul van Caerden having fet out for the
Indies that fame year, arriv’d at the Port of
Achen, without knowing what pafs’d, and
there was expos’d to the like danger. For
that King being egg’d on by a Francifcan
Monk, who refided there in the Quality of
the Portaguefe Envoy, and had come thither
from the Molucca’s on purpole to wheedle
him : The King, 1 fay, thus follicited, fet
all Inftruments at work to feize Caerdens
Ship-
But all his attempts proved abortive, and
the King own’d afterwards, that he was fe-
duc’d by the Portuiiiefe ■ and accordingly he
gave a very good Reception to the Fleet
Commanded by Laurence Bicker, which had
fet out from Zealand A. D. 1601. Nay, when
the Fleet had taken in its Loading, which
was very confiderable, he fent fome Em-
bafiadors along with ’em. This Fleet put¬
ting
 The Introduction.
ting into St. Helens to take, in freft Water,
happen’d to meet with a Portuguefe Carrack
richly laden, which they took and brought
along with them. That fame year George
Spilbergen, and the Ships he commanded,
were as favourably treated by the fame King
of Acben.
The Spaniards finding themfelves inferi¬
or in flrength, endeavour’d to ruine the
Dutch by all manner of Stratagems and
Tricks. They fent EmhTaries to all the Indi¬
an Kings, to decry the new Adventurers, to
brand ’em for Pirates, and Men of no Faith
or Honour. In fine, they ufed all poflible
efforts to effedt their ruine, as ’twill appear
in the Sequel.
The States General and Prince Maurice ha¬
ving receiv’d advice of what pafs’d, refolv’d
for the future to give Commiflions to all the
Ships that fail'd that way, and indeed the
Commanders of the Ships flood in need of
’em,' in order to fliflle the Calumnies of
their Enemies. By thefe Commiflions they
were empower’d not only to defend them-
lelves, but to attack and commit Hoflilities
upon all that did diflurb their Commerce. ^
The valiant James Heemskirk being cloath’d
with fuch Authority, fail’d with two Ships
from Bantam, in order to have ’em loaded
at Jahor; and falling in with a rich Carrack
upon her return from Maccau or China, with
above 700 Men on board, attack’d her, and
forc’d
 1be Introduction.
forc’d the Fortugueje after a flender fliew-'of
Defence, to ftrike and ask Quarter, which
was granted ’em.
I fliall here take occafion to prefent the
Reader with a Copy of two Letters that they
writ to the Admiral, and to all the Officers;
by which twill appear what opinion the For-
tuguefe were of, with reference to the taking
of the Carrack, and how generoufly they
were us’d by the Dutch. The ftrfl of thefe
Letters was to this purpofe.

“ ’Tis an ancient cuftom among Kings

“ and Soveraigns, that when they fall out,
“ the Perfons apd Eftates of their Subjects
“ are mutually feiz’d. , Your Admiral wasfo
“ lucky,as that the Carrack homeward bound
“ from China, fell into his .hands, which
“ could never have happen’d without theun-
“ fearchable direction of Providence. Not-
“ withftanding this piece of Hoftility, I can-
<{ not forbear fending you the Refreihments
“ which will be prefented unto you along
“ with this Letter, as a tehimony of my
“ Thanks to you and your Admiral, for the
u Capitulation you made with our Portuguefe
H Subjects, and the promife you made good
“ to’em. I affure you I fliall never forget
“ it, and fliall be ready to make you the like
“ returns upon occafion. Pray God take care
“ of you. Written by Paul Mendez de Faf-
“ colat at Molucca, and fign’d Regulos From-
“ mams,
 The htrodu&ion.
“ munis, Andreas Fernandes, Domhugo de
“ Monte, Ifaac de Gufgago.

The Purport of the -Second Letter was this.

“ The event of War is uncertain, and

“ Victory is lodg’d in the hands of God,
“ Men being only the Inftruments that bring
“ it about. Fortune would have it fo, that
“ you met with, and took a rich Carrack full
“ of Merchants, Women and Children, who
“ were all uncapableof making any defence.
“ I am infinitely forry that ’twas not-my
“ Ship that fell in your way; had that hap-
“ pen’d, I had made you to know the diffe-
“ rence between Soldiers and Merchants, in
“ the way of defending Ships. I am forry
‘c for what happen’d to the Dutch in China;
“ but I cannot find that the matter was of
“ fuch Importance, as to deferve fuch a piece
“ of Revenge. However I afiureyou, that
“ the promoter of that bufinefs is fecur’d,
“ and fhallbepuniili’d for his Crime with the
“ lofs of his Head. In earneft, your Ships
“ that were brought me from the Molucca I-
“ Hands and China, were unloaded; but af-
“ ter all, I treated ’em favourably. Toge-
“ ther with this Letter I return you the Ship
“ which brought hither the Portuguefe that
^ you took in the Carrack: You may reft af-
“ furd of an eternal acknowledgment of this
“ favour* which would Hill be greater, if
‘c yqq
 The Inttoduclion.
“ you would return me the Captain and the
‘'Reverend Father Antony, with the other
“ Portuguefe that are (till in your Cuflody,
“ and would enter into a Negotiation
“ with the King for the delivery of thofe
“ who were taken in the China Jonque. Da¬
ted at Malacca March the 9//; 1605. Sign’d
Fernando d' Albuquerque-.

At the fame time Oliver van Hoard rer

turn’d to Holland, after a three years Voy¬
age. He had been fitted out by Peter van
Severen, Hugh Bufe, and John Benning Koe-
kebaker, and fet fail from Goeree Sept. 1598.
He made but very inconfiderable returns for
the Merchants; but he acquir’d a great deal
of Glory, a fhare of which redounded to
his Country: For at that time the United
Provinces (har’d this common Glory with the
Portuguefe and the Euglijh, that one of their
Natives had fail’d round the World by the
Srait of Magellan.
While their Navigation continu’d to be
thus,fuccefsful, and the Trade of the Indies
flourifii’d more and more •: there happen’d an
Accident that difcontinu’d their former Suc-
ce(s, and threatned ruine to the whole. I
mean, the plurality of Companies that were
then form’d, and the forry underftandihg
that was between them. Oftentimes all of
’em fitted out Ships for the fame Port, which
lower’d the price of their Goods, and difcou-
rag’d the Sailours. The
 The IntroduBion.
The States-General being acquainted with
thefe Inconveniences, call’d a Meeting at the
'■Hague of the Directors of the Companies,
both of Holland and Zealand, and oblig’d
;’em to unite in one Body for the future, to
which their High Mightiness joyn’d their
Confent and Authority. The Treaty that
was then agreed upon, was confirm’d by a
Patent from the Sovereign Power for zi
[years, commencing from the Date, viz.
'March zo. i6oz.
The Patent being given out, the Compa¬
ny became a confiderable Body, and made
a joynt Stock of 6600000 Livers. Upon
this "bottom they promifed themfelves great
things, and fitted out a Fleet of fourteen
great Ships, which put to Sea in June i6oz,
under the Command of Wylrant van Wae-
wyk.
The next year,'^. 1603. in the Month
of February, the Yatch call’d Wachter re¬
turn’d, and gave advice that five of the 0-
ther Ships would be at home very fpeedily.
By this Yatch an account u'as brought of
what pafs’d before Bantam, between WoU
phart Harmanfz, and his Vice-Admiral Hans
'Bouxver, on one fide, and Don Andreas Ferta-
do de Mendoza, who had form’d a defign to
drive the Dutch out of the Indies. In ef¬
fect, Don Andreas was beat, and the Dutch
Admirals purfuing their courfe to the Moluc¬
cas, arrived there at feveral times one after
the
 The Introduttm,
the other. The lame Yatch brought the
news of an Engagement at the Moluccas,
between James van Nek Admiral, and three
Portuguefe Ships, which did not turn to his
Advantage; for that after the lofs of eight
ot nine Men, and fome of the Fingers of
his own right Hand, he was oblig’d to Iheer
off! ’Twas this VefTel like wife that brought
the firft intelligence of the taking of a Por¬
tuguefe Carack by James Heemskirk. Upon
the arrival of this News, another Fleet of
thirteen Ships was fitted out, and fail’d De¬
cember the i8r&, under the Command of Ste¬
phen vander Hagen.
In the year 1605, the King of Spain iflu-
ed forth a fevere Declaration, in which he
prohibited the Inhabitants of the United Pro¬
vinces, to Trade to the Dominions of Spain,
or to the Eaft and Wefi-Indies, under the
pain of Corporal Punifhment. But the
Gompany was fo far from being over-aw’d:
by this Edidt, that it rather infpir’d ’em'
with frefh Courage, and animated them to
purfue their defign with more Vigour and
Diligence. In a word, they prefently fitted
out a Fleet of eleven Vends, which were
fit not only for Traffick, but for Warlike;
Exploits; and -gave the Command of ’em to
Cornelius Matelief.
This Fleet had fcarce put to Sea, when
the -Directors gave orders for preparing a-
nother of eight Ships, which weremann’d:
[ . .

; The introduBlon.
!not only with a full Complement of Sea-
;men, but with Soldiers, that were engag’d
?to flay and keep Garrifon in the Indies, if
ioccafion requir’d. This third Squadron was
jcommanded by Paul van Careden.
| Soon after, two Ships of the firft of thefe
jthree Squadrons came home, with a rich
iCargo of Cloves and other Spices. They
{brought advice, that Admiral Fander Ha¬
gen would follow ’em very quickly: And
! Accordingly he arriv’d the next July; after
:he taking of feveral Spanijh and Portuguefi
VefTels, the pofleffing himfelf of the Fort
of Amloina, the demolilhing that of Tidora,
ind entirely di dodging thofe two Nations
of the Molucca I(lands. This Expedition!
gave rife to a mighty Difpute, between the
Dutch and the Englijh, upon the account
:hat the latter favour’d the Spaniards, and
)y fupplying ’em with Powder , inabled1
them to hold out longer.
The next Ottober, three other Veflels ar¬
riv’d in Holland, and gave intelligence that
4y brandt van Waerxoyk was upon his way
home, but was oblig’d to put in at the
[(land of Maurice, becaufe his Ship was leaky,
md that he had taken a Carrack at Patatm
This Admiral arriv’d in the Spring 1607,
\ but in the preceding Winter the Compa¬
ny had fent two Ships more to the ln-
dies, under the Command of John Janfz
Moldie, to whom they ow’d the taking of
Ithe fort of'Tidora, a A
 The htroMtim.
A Negotiation being then fet on foot for
a Peace in the Netherlands, the Company
fitted out a frelh Spuadron of thirteen Ships,
under the command of Peter Willemfen
Verhoven, who had given a fignal proof of
his Valour and Conduit in the Engagement
at Gibraltar, where he was Vice-Admiral,
under the illuftrious Jams Heemskerck.
This great Fleet was fitted out with a de-
fign, to give the World to know, that no
Treaty of Peace lhould tempt the United
Provinces to drop their Trade to the In¬
dies. Immediately the Spaniards ftarted a
warm Difpute in reference to this Article,
which prov’d the fubjedt of their princi¬
pal Conferences. Upon that the Compa¬
ny gave in frequent Remonftrances both
to the States-General, and to the Media¬
tors, and prefented to ’em written Memo¬
rials , in, order to make ’em fenfible that
there was a neceflity of being refolute upon
that Head.
In fine, this point being look’d upon as a
principal Article by both Parties, fo that it
could not be adjufted j the States upon a
final Refolution made this Propofal, that
either the Spaniards lhould confent to their
Indian Trade in the Treaty of Peace, or
allow it them by a Truce for fome years,
or elfe that things lhould continue beyond
the Tropick of Cancer, upon the fame bot¬
tom that they then flood on, and that ei-
 The Introduction.
ther Party fhould make War there, and
, do what they could for their own Ad-
' vantage. This done, the Truce of twelve
; years was accepted and concluded ; and
upon certain conditions ’twas agreed, that
both the Portugusfe and the Dutch iliould
continue their Trade where they thought
fit, and live in mutual peace.
This Affair was in agitation without com¬
ing to any Refolurion, in the year 1608,
at which time Admiral Matelief return’d
from the Indies with feveral Ships. This
Admiral had laid Siege to Malacca, but
was oblig d to break it up, in order to
give battel to the Portuguefe Fleet that came
to relieve it. However he had concluded
an Alliance with the King of labor.
In the year 1609, the Company fent a
very expert Pilot call’d Henry Rudfon with
a Flyboat, to find out a North-Eaftor North’
Weil paiTage to China ; but he return’d
without bringing his defign to bear.
At that time they heard nothing from
the Indies, fince the arrival of Admiral
Mat elkf, excepting fome advice by the
way of England. But the next Summer
four of their Ships arriv'd with a large
Cargo. They reported that the Spaniards
were Hill poilds’d of Ternate, that the Dutch
had mafler’d Macian, one of the Molucca
Iflands, and that they hop’d in time to poflefs
themfelves of Ternate.
a 2 The
 The IntroduBion.
The Truce being concluded and pro¬
claim'd in the Netherlands, they refolv’d
that a Pinnace fhould be Tent to the Eafi-
Indies with a Paflport from the King of
Spain and the Archdukes, to acquaint the
Spaniards and the Dutch with the Treaty.
This Projedt was accordingly put in exe¬
cution ; and towards the end of the year,
nine Veflels were fitted out under the Com¬
mand of Peter Berth, both the Seamen and
the Soldiers being allow’d to carry their
Wives and Children along with ’em.
The covetoufnefs of the Merchants occa-
fion’d feveral diforders in the buying and
felling of Suits upon the Company, which
the States-General redrels’d by a Placard
publifh’d Pel. the x'th 1610. In May 1611,
the Company fent out four Ships more un¬
der the command of Laurence Reael, which
were follow’d by a ftrong Squadron that
put to Sea the next December, under the
command of Adrian Block Martfz, Near'
the Cape Nerd Iflands, this Squadron met
with feventeen Spanifp Men of War, which
fell upon ’em, but were fo warmly receiv’d,
that none but four of them were in a con¬
dition to fail for Spain with the news of their
Succefs.
When the Directors receiv’d advice of a (harp
Engagement, they conceiv'd that their Ships
muft needs have receiv’d fome Dammage;
and in order to reinforce ’em, fitted out
 7be Introduction.
two other Ships the next May, under the
command of John Pieterfz Coen. In fine,
.the Commerce to India became fo com¬
mon, and the Forces of the Company grew
?to that height, that in the years 1613 and
51614, they fitted out very near 5.7 Ships,
iat feveral times, under the command of
feveral Commadores, particularly Reyajl and
’t Lam. In order to a full view of their
'great fuccefs, we need only to call our Eyes
upon the following Lift of the Dividends
'that were made.

fi6oy in June 15}

1606
11607
in
in
April
H 7A
4°j
An, D. <:'i6o8 in April 10)per Cent.
j 1609 in June *5 i
1610 in Augujl 5°
I1613 in May 37d

.! The Company being in fuch a flourifhing

"condition, the next year, viz. 1617. the
States joyn’d with ’em in fending a ftrong
i Squadron to the South-Sea by the way of
,the Magellan Straight; upon the profpecft of
•-'furprifing the Spaniards, and weakening them
ion that fide, after which they might have
:;an eafie paflage to the Indies. George van
\Spillergen was Admiral in this Expedition.
I The fame year fome Merchants, among
I whom Ifaac le Maire bore the greateft ft'
 The ftitrohBion.
gure, endeavour’d to fupplant the Company,
and draw fome part of their Commerce into
.their own hands. With this view they refolv’d
to fearch for another PafTage to the South-
Sea, than that of the Magellanick Straight;
and for that end fitted out two Ships in June
1605, under the command of Cornelius Wil¬
liam Schouten, and James le Maire. In effedt,
thefe Commodores found out a PafTage to the
Southward of the Straight of Magellan, which
they call’d Maire Straight. By that PafTage they
enter’d the South-Sea, and fail’d as far as the
Molucca's; but when they came to Batavia,
their Ships were hop’d and fequeftrated,upon
the plea of their going upon an Expedition,
contrary to the Patent given to the Compaq
ny by the States.
At that time the Company fuflain’d great
Ioffes, and their Trade was much impair’d,by
the means of fome powders that were import¬
ed, and mix’d with the Spices by the retail
Merchants: This the Company reprefented
to the States, and thereupon a Placard was
iffued forth for preventing the like abufes for
the future.
In June 1607, George van Spilhergen re¬
turn’d to Holland after two years abfence, in
which he fail’d round the World. Cornelius
William Sckouten, and James le Maire, who
had fet out from Holland the fame year with
himfeif, return’d on board of him. But
James le Maire dy’d by the way on the x%d of
the preceding December. The
1
Tl)e Introduction.
The States perceiv’d that lome Poten¬
tates were alarm’d with the Company’s Pros¬
perity, and did their utmoft to oppofe it;
particularly by inveigling their bed and tru-
Veft Seamen, and drawing them off from their
^Service. Upon this apprehenfion the States
jpublilh’d an Edid, by which the defertion
jof Seamen was exprdly prohibited;
\ In the yeari6i8, and 1619, the Compa¬
ny had very good luck, for they receiv’d
from the Indies at feveral times ten Ships
with rich Cargo’s, valu’d at 6 or 7 Milli¬
ons. This new progrefs infpir’d ’em with
frelh courage; not only in refilling the Spa¬
niards, but in concerting their ruin by way of
Reprifal. This work was carry’d a great
way by the diligence and affedion of Lau-
jrenceReael,a very knowing and prudent Man.
Irhis Man ferv’d nine years in the Indies,
Where the Company honour’d him with
;the moft confiderable Poll; and then he
return’d to Holland A. D. 1620.
: About that time the abufes and unwar¬
rantable pradices ralating to the fale of
■the adions againfl: the Company, began
to revive: Upon which the States found
jthemfelves oblig’d to renew the Placard
Of 1610, with a few Amendments fuitable
to the circumftances of the time.
5 In the year 1621, the Ship call’d Goede
freede arriv’d in Zealand, having on board
five Children of Kings and Princes, in or-
I a 4 der
 *Ibe Introduction.
der to their'Education in the Provinces,
and inffrpdion in the Chriftian Religion,
purfuant to the tenour of the Letters that
were writ to the Prince upon that Sub-
jed.
In February i6zz, two Ships more came
home with rich Cargo’s. They brought
advice that the Indian Trade flourilh’d ftill,
thaf they continued to wage War with the
People of Bantam at Java, and with the
Spaniards in the Molucca and Manilla I-
flands j and that they had already poflefs’d
themfelves of the Ifland of Banda. Soon
after there arriv’d three more, with advice
that the laft Ships that were fent out, had
arriv’d fafe in the Indies in four Months and
three days failing.
The Company’s Patent expir’d this very
year, viz. i6zz. and a difference arofe be¬
tween the Directors and the Subfcribers,
that might have run to a great height, if
the States had not interpos’d. Thefe wife
Mediators appeas’d all by their pru¬
dence. The Diredors accounts were call’d
for, and purfuant to the meafures of E-
quity and Reafon, a Dividend of z; per
Ce»fwas allotted to the Subfcribers, and
pay’d ’em in Cloves. After that the Com¬
pany obtain’d a new Patent for zi years,
commencing from 1613.
By vertue of the renewal of the Patent,
the Company had the fatisfadion to fee
four
 The IntroduBioiu
four Ships richly laden return in Oflober.
• The difference between the Englifh and
Dutch, that had jain.fo long in fufpence,
was then accommodated, upon the pay¬
ment of 800000 Livres by the Dutch to the
Englifh.
I The infinite advantage that redounded
to the Country by the erecting of this Com¬
pany, could not diffuade the envious from
thwarting it to a flaming degree. To re¬
medy this, and prevent the other inconve¬
niences that might happen, the States
thought fit on March the 1 \th i6x], to
amplifie their new Patent.
; After the difcovery of a new Paffage to
the Pacifick -Sea, made by fames le Maire,
their High Mightineffes in conjunction with
the Company, came to a refolution to
fend another flrong Squadron that way
to the Indies, in order to ruine their E-
nemies. This Fleet fet fail in April, under
the Command of fames I’Hemite : But be¬
fore their departure, two Ships and a
Yatch fet out for the Indies by the com-
tnoncourfe. The next May two Ships came
:home, and found a very good Market.
: The abufes in the fale of actions, oblig’d
the States to revive a third time their
Placard upon that head.
September next fohn Peter Coen arriv’d at
Goeree with four Ships on the Company’s
account; and a fifth which had draggled
from
 The Introduction.
from ’em by the way, arriv’d the next
November. At that time a handful of Mer¬
chants bought up at one fale all the Com¬
pany’s Pepper, the quantity of which a-
mounted to 19000 Bales; and the Sum
which they pay’d for it, amounted to
4500000 Livres. This I take to be a very
remarkable thing.
In May 1614, the Haes Yatch return’d, ha¬
ving fail’d to Batavia, and home again, in
the fpace of nine Months and feven Days.
Their intelligence imported, that all
things went well in that Country, except¬
ing that the Englifi had rais’d fome Com¬
motions at Amboina; that the Dutch us’d
their utmofl efforts to hinder the Spani¬
ards to trade in China, and hop’d for fuc-
cefs. That three or four Ships were ta¬
king in their loading, in order to return
home. Accordingly three homeward bound
Ships arriv’d the next September; and in
May 1615, another call’d the Heufden ar¬
riv’d from Suratte, which gave advice that
their affairs were in a pretty good pofture
at Ormus, and in the neighbouring Coun¬
tries, from whence three Ships more re¬
turn’d the next Spring.
The Schoonhoven, an outward bound Ship
for the Indies, met with a violent florm
on the coafl of Spain, and was call away
off St. Jago, where 2 6 of the Men were
fav’d, aiid carry’d to Spain. This Affli&i*
' OIJ
 The Introduction.
on was alleviated by the arrival of two
Ships from Suratte, in February \6z6, and
two more foon after having on board an
Embafiador from the King of Perfia. They
brought the news of the Victory obtain’d
over the Portuguefe, and of the great com¬
motion in Suratte occafion’d by the King’s
Son, his taking up Arms againft his Fa¬
ther, infomuch that both Armies were in the
Field when the Ships came off.
Upon this intelligence they fitted out a
Squadron of nine Ships bound for that
Country, under the command of Wybrandt,
who fought fo bravely at Serra Leonis
with Compaen the Pyrate. In June two
Ships of James ! Hermite’s Squadron came
home, and before the year was out, a Ship
return’d from Coromandel.
Their Commerce fiourifh’d fo much, that
they were oblig’d to enlarge the number
of their Ships every year; and the Com¬
pany was fen fible that their Profperity was
chiefly owing to the good conduct of their
Admirals: Upon which confideration they
(ollicited John Peter Coen to make a fecond
Voyage to the Indies, in the quality of
Governor General. At laft Coen confented,
and put to Sea in April i6zj. Soon after
the Rotterdam came home, and was quick¬
ly follow’d by four other Veflels, under
the command of John William Perfchoer,
who had fail’d from Holland along with
. I Her-
 The IntroduBion.
r Hermite, and arriv’d at his Port in
July. '
The rich Cargo of thefe Ships was fcarce
unloaded and lodg’d in Ware - houfes,
when Adrian Block Martfen was got rea-
dy to fail with a Squadron of eleven Ships j
this being his fecond Voyage, as well as
Admiral Coens. He put to Sea in QBoler,.
and loft two of his Ships in a ftorm, but
fav’d the Men and the Cargo’s.
In the fame Month of Ottoler, John
Karflenfen of Emlden, a Merchant, whofe
vigilance and experience render’d him ve¬
ry famous, return’d to the United Brovin-;
ces , after a courfe of feveral years admi-
niftration. He brought with him three 1
rich Ships loaded at Suratte; and had been!
oblig’d to put in at Portfmouth, where an j
Imbargo was put upon his Ships for fome!
time.
In June i6a3, the Company had the fa-
tisfadtion of feeing five other Ships come:
home under the command of the Sieur Car-'
pentier, who had been the Company’s Gene- j
ral in the Indies; and the Cargo of thefe;
Ships was as valuable, as that of the for¬
mer.
Notwithftanding thefe lucky Adventures
the Gompany was perplex’d with fome ac- i
cidents, moft of which they had no reafon:
to expedt. The Englijh ftop’d their Ships,
as often as they had occafion, and the |
Dun-1
 The Introduction,
Dunkirk Privateers never fail’d to give
Jem chafe. This oblig’d ’em to refolve up¬
on keeping a ftrong Squadron every year
in the German Ocean, in order to cruife
for their homeward-bound Ships, and con¬
duit them fafe to their Ports. The firft
Squadron that fcour’d the German Ocean,
|vas commanded by John Dirckfz Lam, who
had been in the Indies. Upon his approach
the Dunkirk Privateers retir’d.
I The three Ships that I mention’d above
Jas coming from Suratte, under the com¬
mand of John Karjlenfz of Emlden, being
flop’d for fome time in England, were af¬
terwards releas’d, and their arrival infpir’d
fthe Company with frefli courage. Soon
'iafter their arrival, a Squadron of eleven
fjShips fet out for India in OHoher, under
I the command of James Speckx, who was
|accompany’d by John Valleck, a famous Ma-
I thematician.

!
I On the other hand the Company had
phe mortification of feeing a Ship call’d
the Viana arrive, with the unwelcome news,
that they had fet iail from Batavia the
foregoing January, in hopes to pafs the
Straight of Baly in time; but being difap-
4 pointed run allioar in the Latitude of zi
I Deg. upon the South fide of the terra Ma-
i gellanica incognita : Upon which they were
I oblig’d to throw' overboard a great quan-
I tity of their rich Effects, and fo got the
 The Introduction.
Ship afloat again, with great difficulty and
danger. Upon their way, they met with
Block's Squadron, which had likewife had
very ftormy weather. By this Ship they
had notice that the People of Java had
made a Confpiracy to aflaffinate John Veter
Coen, which was difcover’d by a young Chi-
nefe Boy.
The year 1619 was as favourable to the
Company, as thofe that went before: For
they had the fatisfa&ion of the arrival of
fix Veflels under the command of three
feveral Commodores,* who gave ’em to
know, that after feveral dilhonourable At¬
tempts, in order to furprife the Dutch, Mce-
taram had at laft laid fiege to Batavia ;
and at the end of three Months was forc’d
to break up, and retire with the lofs of
16000 Men.
Veter van den Broecke, who had likewife
been long in India, and was the firfl In¬
troducer of Trade upon the red Sea, and
the adjacent Countries, return’d home the
next year. He brought with him feven
Ships , the Cargo’s of which were va¬
lued at 8 Millions: But thefe happy Arti¬
cles were accompany’d with a very difa-;
greeableCircum (lance, for of the eight Veflels:
which he commanded, he brought home
but fix, one being loft by fire under the:
Acores Iflands, and the other having drag¬
gled from the Fleer. However the laft
w7ent
\ The Introduction.
'Iwent round Ireland, and came £afe home.
'iBroecke acquainted the Company that Ge¬
neral Coen dy’d fuddenly two days before
itbe arrival of James Speckx, and that Speckx
Rafted as General by way of provifion. In
Ifine, Antony van Dieaven return’d in the
lyear 1631 with feven VelTels, which
^brought the Company incredible Treafures.
| Perhaps the Reader may defire an ac¬
count of what happen’d in the following
iyears; and indeed I lliould willingly have
Ifatisfied his Curiofity, if I were not now
■arriv’d at the end of my Project, For in
|this Preface, I only mean’d to give a com¬
pendious sketch of the origin and growth
M the Company, and the Rate it was in
fat the time where I leave off! One part
lof my view in this performance, was to
lliew the World, that by the divine Bounty
!|nd Protection, mutual Charity and Fide¬
lity, has been maintain’d between the States
mdthe Subjects, the Directors and the other
\dventurers,’ That the Arms of the Com¬
pany have purchas’d ’em both Glory and
Intereft in foreign Countries; and in fine.
That Heaven has blefied the Company with
faccefs, in oppofition to the hopes of their
inemies, and thofe who envy’d the State,
>f which the fame very Company has been
for a long time, and is ftill the firmed: Pillar,
for this may God be for ever prais'd, as being
the only Author of fo great a Blefling. j
 'Books lately Printed.

'T'HefywMw Hijlory from'the building of ihe City, to!

the removal of the Imperial Seat by Conftantine thi-
Great, t§c, 8° % Vol. By Laureucc Echard A. M. Pro’
bendary of Lincoln, and Chaplain to the Right Revel
rend James Lord Bilhop of that Diocefs. |
A New Voyage to JW^.with curious Obfervations otj
feveral other Countries, as Germany, Switzerland, Saved
Geneva, Flanders and Holland, together with ufeful In-j
ftrudions for thofe who lhall travel thither, done out olj
French, the Second Edition enlarg’d about one Third;
and enrich'd with feveral new Figures, in 2 Vol. !
A New Voyage to the Levant, containing an Account
of the molt remarkable Curiolities in Germany, France I
Italy, Malta and Turky, with Hiftorical Obfervations rcj
lating to the prefent and ancient State of thofe Count
tries, by the Sieur de Mont• Done into Englijk, and a-|
dom’d with Figures. The third Edition, correded. 8°. f
The compleat Horfeman, or perfed Farrier, in two
Parts. Part I,difcovcringthe fureft marks of the Beaut
ty, Goodnefs, Faults, and Imperfedions of Hor-,
fes; the belt method of breeding and backing of Colts?
making their Mouths, Buying, Dieting, and otherwifc
ordering of Horles: The art of Shoeing, with the level
ral forts of Shoes, adapted to the various defeds c;
bad Feer, and the prefervation of good, the Artot R:
ding and Managing the great Horfe, Q'c. Parc 11;
Contains the Signs and Caufesof their Difcafes, will!
the true Method of curing them: Written in Frc/ai
by the Sieur dc Solleyfell, Querry to the prefent King e;
France, and one of the Royal Accademy of Paris.
bridged from the Folio, done into Englljh by Sir Willi:
am Hope, with the Addition of feveral excellent Re-;
ceipts by our bell Farriers, and Diredions to the Buy
ers and Sellers of Horfcs; Illuftratcd with feveral Cop
per Plates.
I 0F THE
I Hollanders and Zelanders
I Along the Coafts of

\ Norway, Muscovy, and Tartary 3

!
■; In Queft of

IA Paffage to the Kingdoms of CA-

5 THAI and CHINA.

■W^sHE Ancients, who were great Admirers of

i uncommon things, always related fome ex-
H traordinary Occurrences inlaying the Foun¬
dations of Empires, States, and particu-
■ Societies: But now the World is grown graver,
d is affeded with the natural Defcriptions of Pla-
s arid Things, without hunting after Prodigies: In-
uuch that fome who delight in ftrange Relations, are
rprifed and out of humour to find no orher Enter-
inment. than the natural and plain Steps that have been
ade in the Produdion of great Effeds.
The Empire founded by the Dutch in the EaftAndies
the beginning of the laft Age, is one of the beft Pie-
s of Hiftory, and at the fame time one of thofe ex-
lordinaty Events that are not at all forefeen in their
ft Attempt: For it feem’d fo remote from the De-
;n of the Adventurers, as if Chance had accomplilh'd
 The Firfi Voyage of the Dutch
fo vaft an Enterprize, with no Appearance of Defign,
and with very little Strength or few Forces.
• The firft Journal in this Volume difcovers nothing,
but a Voyage without any remarkable Succefs, and yet
the Navigation defcrib’d in it was the great Inducement
to the United Provinces to make another Attempt, in
which they difcover’d thofe rich and fertile Countries
which'they have ever lince poffefs’d. The firft Under¬
takers were Merchants, who defiring to promote Trade
and Commerce, made the Propofal to the States, and
obtain’d their Requeft ; and the Execution and Succeft'*’
of their Navigation into thofe Parts has prov’d the
Source of all the Glory and Wealth of their Coun¬
trey.
The Chief Merchant of the Company was Balthazar
Moucheran a plunder j he defired the States, and Prince
Maurice their Admiral, to grant him Liberty to fail
Northward to find out a Paffage that way to the King¬
doms of Catbai and China, which was accordingly
granted.
Soon after the Company fitted out three Ships, one at
Amfterdam, one in Roland, and the third at Encbuyfen;
who began their Voyage in the Year 1594, meaning
to fail round Norway, Mofiovy and Tartary, if ’twas pof-
fible, and fo to reach China.
William Barents a Native of Schilling, and an ex¬
cellent Mariner, was Mafter of the Amfterdam Ship,
who took a Fifherman of the fame Town and his Bark
along with Him tc keep him Company in cafe he lhould
Iofe the other two Veilels.
Tbefe Ships having fail’d out of the Texel, June 5,
landed fome of their Men at Kjldain in Mufcovy the 23d
of the fame Month, which Illand we will defcribe in
another Place of this Trcatife.
The ^th and 5th at Night Barents' took his Latitude,
the Suit being then at the lowed, i. e. between N.N.E.
and theEqu.of N.E and found him felf in the La¬
titude of 73 Deg. and 25 Min. being then-five or fix
Leagues off Land from Nova Zambia. After that, he
took his Latitude again, and fleer’d Eaftward.
Having run about five or fix Leagues in the fame
Latitude,: they drew near a low Point of Land reaching
a great way into the Sea, which they nam’d Lan%ents.
Atche Eaft of the Point was a great Bay, through
which
 to find a Pafage to China, &c. %
which they fent a Sloop with Men to land j but
they found no Inhabitants there. Not long after
they found two Creeks between the Cape of Baxo,
which is Four Leagues from Langenes, and the Weft-
crly Parc of the Bay of Lotus, which is a very com¬
modious and large Bay. To the Weft is a fine Har¬
bour containing fix, (even, and eight Fathoms of
Water, where the Sloop landed, and fet up an old
Mall that they found there, for a Beacon.
They nam'd that Place the Bay of Loms, becaufe
they found there a fort of Fowls in great plenty that
were very heavy, Lorn in Dutch fignifying heavy.
Thefe Birds are fo heavy, and their Body is fo unpropor-
tionably big, in refped to their Wings, which are but
very little, that ’tis a Wonder how they can raife or
buoy up fuch a great Weight. They make their Nefts
upon high and Rocky Mountains to fecure them from
the Bealls. They brood but upon one Egg at a time,
and are not afraid of Men. You may take one of
them out of the Nell, and the others which are near
will hot fly away.
From the Bay of Loms they fail’d towards the Illand
of Amirante, the Welterly Coall of which is nor
clean, and where there is but a final! Depth of Water,
till you go further into the Main Sea : So that you
mult bear off, and nfit g<? near*the Land, but with
great Caution. Befid£s,»she*Bepch is very unequal i
For when you! have found ten Fathoms in one Place,
if you found it again you will find but fix juft by
it, and prefently after you'l have ten, eleven and twelve
Fathoms.
The 6th of July about Midnight, they came under
Smte-boeclf, or Black Cape, fituated in 7 5 Degrees 29
Min. Afterwards they arriv’d under William's Illand,
being eight Leagues further, in the Latitude of 75 Deg.
55 Min.
Here they found a great Quantity of Wood, which
the Sea- had walk'd off, and lome Walbrulhes or Sea-
Cows, monllrous Creatures of a prodigious Strength,
bigger than an Ox, whole Skin is harder than that of
Sea-Dog’s, but the Hair very Ihort. Their Muzzle is
like that of a Lion. They keep chemfelves commonly
upon Ice, and it is very hard to kill chem, except you
(hoot them in the Head. They have four Feet, but no
Ears. B 2 They
 The FirJI Voyage of the Dutch 1
They never bring forth above one or two young one's |
. and when they are met by Filhermen upon the Ice, |
they throw their young one into the Water before them, p
' and taking him up between their two Fore-Legs, t;
■ dive under Water, and re-appear feveral times, b
When they mean to defend themfelves and at- ji
tack the great Boats, they throw their young ones into |
the Water, and attack the Bark with an extraordinary p
Fury. On-each fide of their Muzzles, tl-’y have-two H
Teeth about a Foot and two Inches long, which are j;
valu’d at the fame Price with Elephants Teeth, efpeci- ’
ally in Mofcovy, Tart ary, and other Places, where they '
makeufeof them; For they are as white, hard, and;
fmooth as Ivory. . The Hairs of their Beard are like j
the Gills of Porcupines. There -were two of them to ;
be feen in 1622, at Amsterdam and other Cities in Hoi \
land, an old one dead, and a young one alive. The Ehj- J
lijh call them Sea-Horfcs, the French Sea-Cows; but I
the Rtifflans, who knew ’em long ago, call them j
Morfes. J
July 9. they came to an Anchor at Bcroiford-wadt,
under William's Illand, where feeing a white Bear, they
went out in their Sloop, and Ihot her in feveral Places;
but the Bear being wounded, grew more furious, and
fhew’d an incredible Vigour and Strength in affaulting
her Enemies. Thofe that 'were, in the Sloop -rowed
■ near the Bead, and thfew a Cord with a loofe running
Knot about her Neek, in hopes to take her up alive,
and carry her into Holland; but they at laft were not a
little glad to fee her die, and to have her Skin: For die
howl’d with fo dreadful a Noife, fought with fo mud
Courage, and made fuch vigorous Efforts as furpafs all
Imagination.
After the Bear had been thus tormented a while, they
gave her a little Eafe in letting the Knot fomething
looftr ; but ftill dragg’d her along to tire her out. Bi-
rent% being near her, and touching her, the threw her
felf with iuch a Fury upon the Sloop, flood upright up
on her Pawsf and made fuch defperate Efforts, that-fte
had almoft got into the Sloop; which fo frighted the
Sloops Crew, that they row’d away for fear they dhouid
all have been devour’d.
 The Firft Voyage of the Dutch ■
there fome little Stones (hining like Gold, and for that'
Reafop. call’d Gold Stones.
July lift. Having row’d through between the Ire:
and the Land in fair Weather, they arriv’d at the Jflands'
of Orange, near one of which they faw above 200 Sea-
Cows warming themfelves in the Sun upon the Sands.
Our Ships Crew thinking thofe amphibious Animals
could not defend themfelves a-(hoar. attack’d them in
order to get their Teeth : But the Fury of the Beads
broke their Axes, broad Swords and Pikes, infomuch
that they could kill none of them, nor get any other Ad¬
vantage but one broken Tooth.
At the fame time they met with a great white Beat
afleep, and having (hot and wounded her, (he fled for
all that into the Water ; but they follow’d and kill’d her,
and then dragg’d her upon the Ice.
After thofe Adventures, and failing to the Islands of
Orange, William Barents^ thought it was impoflible to go
further, or difcover any other Countrey. The Seamen
began to be much fatigu’d, and (hew’d no Inclination to
continue the Voyage: Therefore it was refolv’d to
return, and meet the other two Ships which had fail’d to¬
wards the Waigats or the Straight of Najfau, to learn
of them what Difcoveries they had made.
Anguft the ift. they return’d the fame Way they
came 5 and having doubl’d the Capes of Frooft, Naffan,
and feveral others, they came the 8tb under a little
lowlfland lying a League off the Shore.which they call’d
they Black Ifland, becaufe it appear’d fo. Burcnt* hav¬
ing taken the Latitude of it, found it (ituated in 71 Deg.
3 quarters. There was alfo a great Creek, which made
the Pilot conjecture it was the fame Place where Oliver
Bennel had been before, and confequently the Ifland was
that call’d Ccnftinctfarch.
At the diltance of three Leagues from that Ifland they
difeover’d another little Point, at the Top of which
there was a Crofs, and therefore they nam’d it the Croft•
Point. Afterwards they fail’d along the Coaft about
four Leagues, and doubl’d another little Point, beyond
which was a great Bay ; they call’d it the Fifth Cape or
the Cape of St. Lawrence.
Cape Baftion is alfo but three Leagues off of thelaft.
Near that Jhoar there is a black Rock with a Crofs up-
,on it, where fome of the Crew landed, and difeover’d
’ ' '.' - .‘ that
| to find a Pafiage to China, &c.
fthat it was reforced to by fome Men who undoubtedly
'fled at their Coming ; for they found fix Sacks of Rye-
Meal bury’d under Ground, and a Heap of Stones round
the Crofs. , .
;• About a Cannon-fhot off from that Place they found
janother Crofs with three wooden Houfes built after the
^Northern Falhion, where they alfo found feveral Cask-
fHeads, which made ’em think there might be a Salmon-
JFifliery in that Place. They met like wife with five or
Ifix Coffins on the Ground, and as many Graves hard by
•lull of Stones.
% The Harbour is very' good, and fhelterd from the
; jWind. They call’d it the Meal-Port, becaufe they found
Tome in it. Between that Harbour and Cape-Baftian
is the Bay of St. Lawrence, which is a very good Haven,
ijbeing fhelter’d from the North-Eaft and North-Weft
|Winds. They took the Latitude of the Meal-Harbour
:lmd found it to be 70 Deg. 3 quarters,
j Aug. the i ith. They difeover’d two little Iflands, the
jlaft of which was but two Leagues from the Continent
ijvhich they call’d St. Clare. The 1 yb. about 3 a-clock
:\in the Afternoon having made another Obfervation, they
Tbund they were under 69Deg.i 5 Min. Then they fail-

? •jtd two Leagues further to the Eaft and difeover’d the

Hands of Marfloe and Delgoi, and in the Morning joyn’d
he two Zealand and Encbuyjen Ships, which had arriv’d
|there that very Day from the Streigbt of Najfau.
■i They prefently thought that Barents had coafted round
filova Zembla, and was come alfo through the fame Strait:
fAt their Meeting, after the ordinary Salutation, they
;®ave one another a Journal of their Voyages, and the
'Jpifcoveries they had made.
1 And then they returned together into Holland. Ba-
^ent^ with his Yatch arriv’d at Amfterdam the i6tb. of
•.^September, and brought with him a Sea-Cow of a pro-
oigiousBignefs, which they had kill’d upon a Bank of
Tee.
 The Second Voyage of the Dutch

The Second North-Voyage of the Holland-!,

tiers and Zelanders along the Coafl of
Norway, Mufcovy, and Tartary in guejll
of a Pajfage to CATHAI and CHINA. I

npHefe Ships returning in Autumn, gave an Account:

4- that there was great Hopes of finding out a Pal'-'
fa'ge through the Sfreight of Najfau. All the Seamen off
the X^eland-md Enchttyfen Ships were of the fame Opi-.
' nion, which was much favour’d by John Hugh de Lin-\
fihot, who made the Voyage as a Commiflioner or De-|
putf. . i
Thefe Advices induc’d the States-General and the;
Prince of Orange to fit out other Ships for the next;
Spring, not'only to trace the Paifage as they had done;
before, but alfo to carry Merchandicc with. them. The
Merchants had: liberty to fend what fort they pleafed,
with Fadors to traffick for them in the Places where
they (hould land, without paying any manner oi
Duty.
lJetcr Plaiicius a famous Cofmographer, was one oi
the chief Men-who undertook this Enterprize: He Jail
down their Courfe, and mark’d the Situation of Tart,t-
rj, Catbai, and China ; but to this Day none can judge
whether he was right-or not, fince they had no Succeh
in three Voyages, and the Courfe "he preferibed was
not obferv’d; for there happen’d too many Accident!
and Inconveniencies which could not be remov’d by
reafon of the Shortnefs of the time.
IntheYear 1595. the States General mi the Prince of
OrtfzgegaveOrders to fit out fevenShips to gothrough the
PVaigats, andto fail towards Catbai and China, Amfitu
dam fent two, /{eland two, Enchuyfcn two. and Rjm
dam one. Six of them were loaded with all forts oi
Commodities, and Money; and Merchants were aj>
pointed to negotiate for them.
, The feventh Ship a Yatch, was order’d to come bad
and bring News of the other fix after they had doubl'd
the Cape of Tahin, which is accounted the extreaa
 to find the Pajjage to China,
it of Tartar) ; or at leaft when they were gone far
jgh to fteer to the South without being in danger of

The fame William Barents was again made Mailer

jiand Pilot of the biggeil Ship of Amfterdam, and James
ij-Jeemskiili was Supercargo ; the fame Hectmkjrk., who
2 Years after, 1607. got fo great a Reputation in;
he famous Sea-fight in the Bay,, and under the Cannon
>f the Fort of Gibraltar. Gerard de Veer embark’d alfo
jn board the fame Ship, out of whofe Journal we took
his Relation,
They fail’d from the Texel the id of June, 1595. about
n-rifing. The 14;/; they faw Norway. The lid a-
<bout three in the Afternoon they faw a-head of ’em a
'great Whale afleep. The Noife of the Ship and Sea¬
men awak’d and fav’d her ; for otherwife the Ship had
^certainly run over her. Aug. the 4th, the Vice-Admiral
jiun upon a Rock ; but the Weather was fo favourable
fthat he eafily got off again, and was a Caution to o-
itherstoavoid.it. The 6th the fame Vice-Admiral’s
iiShip, and that of Barents ran foul upon one another, and
3did damage to both. Theyt/j they met a Ship of En-
myfen coming from the White Sea.
The j\th they took the Latitude, and found them-
lves under 70 Deg. 7 Min. The 18th they difeover’d
vo Iflands which the Ships of Enchnyfen call’d by the
lame of Prince Maurice and Count Eredcriclihls Bro-
ter. The fame Day about fix in the Evening they
.w the Streightof Najftau, which they left five Leagues
if Eaft-Norch-Eaft.
From the 7 otb Degree to the Strcight they fail’d all a-
>ng through broken Ice : But the Channel, which is
sadly between the Cape of Idols and the Countrey of
te Samoides,• was fo full of Ice, that it was impofiible to
lil through it. Then they reiolv’d to enter into the Bay,
which they call’d the Bay of Trane, becaufe they found
1 it a great quantity of Whales Oil. That Bay is a very
ood one, and fhelter’d from Ice and all manner of
Winds. You may go in as far as you pleale to five, four
and three Fathoms Water on a very good Ground ; but
n the Eaft Side it is deeper, .
Auguft the lift 50 Men landed to view theCountrry.
They had fcarce gone two Leagues, but they found fe-
eral Sledges loaded with Furrs, Whale-Oil, and other
 The Second Voyage of the Dutch'
Merchandife; they difcovered alfo the Footfteps of
.Men, and of Rain-deer, upon which they conjectured,
that fome Men lived not far off that Sea, or at lead
came thither often; befides, the Idols they faw at the
top, confirmed them in that Opinion.
. Advancing farther into the Country, they were in
hopes at length to find fome Houfes and Men, who
would be able to give them an account of that Sea,
and of the Navigation in thofe parts; but after a great
deal of pains and fatigue, they found neither Houfes
nor Men.
However, fome of them advancing to the South-
Eaft towards the Sea-lhore, found a practicable way in
a Marlh, and going into the water up to the calf of
their Leg, they felt a folid bottom ; and in fome pla¬
ces which were not fo deep, the water was not above ’
their Shoes.
They rejoyced when they arrived at the Sea fide,
thinking they lhould be able to difcover a pafTage, be-
coufe they faw fo little Ice, and therefore thought to go
through ; and accordingly went on board again that li¬
vening to carry the News. The Mafter had alfo rowed
with his Yatch a pretty way, to know whether the Sea
of Tartary was open; but the Ship being not able to
penetrate that Sea becaufe of the Ice, they made to
Cape Crtfl, where the Boats Crew left her, going by
Land to Tmftboeck^ or the Cape of Difpute; there they
faw that the Ice of the Sea of Tartary lay in heaps all
along the Coafts of RjiJJia , and at the point of
tVaigats.
The 13d of the fame Month, they met with a Bark
pf Pit^ora, made of the bark of Trees fewed together,
which failed to the North, to get Seacom Teeth, and
Waalei Oyl, to load fome ptijfu Ships which were ex¬
pected at fVaigats,
When theyfpake with thefe Ships, they told them
they were bound for the Sea of Tartary, to crofs the
River Oby, and winter at Vgolita, a place in Tartar
as they ufed to do every year : they faid alfo, the paf-
fage out of the Streight would not be fhut up by the Ice
in two Months time, or two Months and a half, and
then they might go into Tartar) oyer the Ice, upon the
Sea called Marmare.
) to find a faff age to China, &c. II
| Auguft thelyb, the Dutch return’d to the Bark, where
[they were received by the Bttffians with all demonftra-
tion of Friendlhip, to which they returned the like.
[The RjtJftans who had a great many fat Geefe, prefented
jthein with eight, and the Dtitch having invited fome of
them on board their Ship, feven of the t\iiffians went a-
jlong with ’em.
| Being on board, they admired, and were furprilcd to
jfec fo great a Ship fo finely built and equipped, which
they viewed very curioufly. The Dutch fet before ’em,
Flefh, Butter, and Cheefe, which they would not taft,
becaufeit was a Fall day; but they eat pickle Her¬
rings heartily, (wallowing them Head and Tail at one
Mouthful. Upon which the Dutch prelented them with
a whole Barrel, and receiv’d a return of many thanks;
after that they conduded them in the Yatch to the Bay
of Trane.
The ‘iift of the fame Month, Barents fteered towards
the Northerly Coaftof Waigats, where he found fome
of thofe Men called Samoidcs, whom we reckon to be
Savages, though they are not abfolutely fo; for the
Dutch having advanced a League into their Country,
met with twenty of them, and had fome Converfation
together. It is true, the Dutch could not prefently be
feen by the Samoides, becaufe of a great Fog, but when
the Dutch difeovered them, they were very near, and
divided into two Companies.
The Interpreter going before to fpeak with them, one
of the Samoidcs came alfo to meet him, and approach¬
ing near him, drew an Arrow out of his Quiver, and
threatned to kill the Interpreter; who having no Arms
was frighted, and cryed out. Pray hold, we are your
Friends. Prefently the Samoide laid down his Bow and
Arrow, and made figns that he would fpeak with him.
The Interpreter having told him again tVe are your
Friends: Well, replyed he, you are very Wellcome; and
after they Saluted one another, by bowing their Head
to thefiround, after the Ruffian manner.
The Interpreter having asked him fome queftions a-
bout the Condition and Situation of the Country, and
of the Sea on the Eaft fide of it beyond the Waigats;
he anfwered, that when they had palled a Point about
five days fail further to the North-Eaji, they would find
? Sea to the Soutb-Eaft. He faid moreover, he
knew
 The Second Poyage of the Dutch
knew it particularly, becaufe one of his Comrades had
beeijfent thither by their King,with fome Troops under
his Command. The Samoides have the lame Habit that
Savages are reprefented to wear, and upon that fcore
they may be call’d Savages; though upon other accounts,
they do not deferve that Title, for they Ihow a great
deal of good.ienfe in their Condudr.
They are commonly clothed with Raindcer Skins,
which cover them from top to toe, only the Grandees
among them, cover their Heads with pieces of colour'd
cloth lined with Furrs. ' Others wear Caps of Rain-
deer Skins, the hair out fide, and very fit to their Heads.
Their Hair is long and tyed up in one t refs, hanging
over their Back. {
They are of low Stature, with Faces broad and
flat, little Eyes, and fliOrt Legs, they are very nimble
in running, and leap very far ; they are Miftruftful of
all other Nations, of which you (ball have fome In-
ftances hereafter.
Tho’ the Dutch ufed them with great Friendfhip and
Confidence at this firft Interview, yet coming a fecond
time the firft of September, they defired the Samoides to
allow them a narrow view of their Bows, but they re-
fufed it, and told them they did not like their asking

Their King had Guards who patroul’d up and down,

and took particular notice of all that was bought or
fold. A Dutchman coming near the King, and bowing
to him, prefented him with a Bisket; the King took it
very civilly, and eat it prefently, but in eating it, was
ftill looking about on every fide, and obferving what
they did.
Their Sledges are always ready, and drawn by one
or two Raindeer, which run with that fwiftnefs, that
( no Horfe can, match ’em.
A Dutchman (hooting off a Musket towards the Sea,
they were all fo frighted, that they run and ftampt like
Mad-men; but foon came to themfelves,when they were
told,, there was no ill defign againft them. Then the.
Dutch told them, that thofe were the Arms they made
ufe of' in Read of Bows and Arrows.
Now to .(hew them the Force and the Ufe of thofe
Arms, a Dutchman took a little, flat Stone^ no bigger
than ,a Crown-piece, laid it at fome diftance upon a ri-
’ fing
 to find the Pafage to China.
fing ground, the Satnoides knowing by forae figns that
were made to them, that he was going to do fomething
extraordinary; about 50 or 60 of ’em got near the
place where the Stone was laid ; the Dutchman (hot off
his Gun, hir the Stone, and broke it in pieces, which
mightily lurpriz’d theSpedlators.
Af length they parted with Careffes on both fides,
and when the Dutch got on board their Yatch, they
pulled off their Caps, founded their Trumpets, and the
Samoidcs having alfo faluted them after their manner,
went into their Sledges.
A little while after, one of them came back to the
Shoar, to demand an ordinary Statue which a Dutch¬
man had taken away ; he came on board the Yatch, and
feeing the Statue, made them underftand what an ill
Adtion it was, to fteai away their Idol. Whereupon
they gave it him again immediately, and he placed it
upon a little Hill near the Shore, and afterwards took
it away in a Sledge.
By this and other Inftances- it is obfervable, that
thole Statues were the Gods of the Samoidcs, of which
the Dutch found above a hundred upon the point of
Waigats, and therefore named the place, Idols Point.
They were horridly made, being round at the top,
and having in the middle a fmall elevation for the Nofe,
with two little holes for the Eyes, and another hole
under the Nofe for the Mouth; round about thefe Idols,
they faw abundance of alhes, and the bones of Rain-
deers, which inclined them to think the Samoidcs had
Sacrificed thofe Beads to their Idols.
The Dutch Sailing from thence the id of September,
two hours before the Sun riling, got a League to the
Eaft of Tmifiboeck, by that time the Sun rofe, and (leer¬
ing to the North till about Noon, they found they had
advanced about fix Leagues. But after that they found
fo much Ice, the Winds changed fo often, and the Fog
was fo thick, that they were forc’t to Tack, and make
Ihort Trips, till they brought the Ship to the Eaft of
the Illand of the States, about a Musket-fliot off the
Shore.
They landed in this Illand, which hath plenty of
Hares,- and kill’d a great many of ’em.
Sept: 16th, Some of the Seamen landed again in
fearch of a fort of Stones, much refembling Diamonds,
 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
of which there are abundance in the fame Ifland. Du*I
ring this fearch, it happen’d that two Seamen lying|
upon the ground, not far from one another, a meagre!
white Bear came foftly up, and took one of them by the'
nape of the Neck; the Seaman not knowing what icj;
Was, cryed out, who holds me by the Neck ; his Com*';
rade looking up, told him, Oh my dear Friend, tisa[
Bear, and rifing up, run away as fall as his Legs could [
carry him; and the Bear bit the other in feveral places!
of the Head, and fuck’d the blood out. The reft of the
Crew on Shore being about twenty in number, run
prefently with their Guns and Half- pikes, and found
the Bear devouring their Comrade ; but the Bear fee¬
ing them coming, run upon them with an incredible
fury, attacked one of them, carryed him away, and tore
him all to pieces; which fo frighted the reft, that they
all betook themfelves to their Heels.
Thofe that flay’d in the Yatch and the Ship, feeing
them running fo fall towards their Veflels, manned their
Skiffs, and rowed towards them; when they landed and
,faw fo pittiful a fight, they would have perfwaded the
'others to go back and fight the Bear, but moft of them
refufed it, faying, our Companions are dead, we can¬
not fave them, if that were poflible, we would go with
as much courage as any of you ; but now nothing can
be expected but a dangerous Vidtory, which if obtain¬
ed, will be neither Honourable, nor Advantageous to
os; po-fibly we may kill that Beaft, but if any of us
fhonld be deftroy’d in the Encounter, the glory of ta¬
king or killing that Bear, would be bought at too dear
a price.
Notwithftanding thefe Reafons, three of them ad¬
vanced a little way, while the Bear continued to de¬
vour her prey, without being frighted in feeing thirty
Men together fo nigh her. Cornelius Jacob the Pilot,
Ham van Vjfelcn Clerk of Barent% Ship, and William
Gyfin Pilate of the Yatch, were the three Men.
The two Pilots having fhot three times without hit¬
ting the Bear, the Clerk approached nearer, and fhot
her in the Head near the Eye : yet fhe would not for-
fake her prey, but holding it by the Neck, carryed a-
way the whole Body. But they perceiving the Beat
reel and ftagger in going along, the Clerk zadz Scotch-
man .purfued, and wounded her in feveral places with
 to find the Pajfage to China, &c.
their Daggers, yet ftill (he kept her Prey. At laft Gy-
fen the Pilot having given her a great many blows on
, the top of the Head with the But-end of his Musket,
;which knock’t her upon the ground, the Clerk jumpc
over and cut her Throat, and her Skin was carried to
Amsterdam.
Sept. $tb, they put to Sea again, but found fo much
iof Ice, that it was impoflible to fail through, and there-
jfore were obliged to return about the evening into the
ifame place. The Admiral and the Yatch of Rater dam
i (truck upon fome Rocks, but got off again without any
[danger.
I The nth of the fame Month, they failed again to the
\Tartarian Sea, but were able to make no farther Pro-
Igrefs than they had done before, becaufe of the great
[quantity of Ice ; fo they returned to the Waigats, and
[then fleered to the Cape of Crojfes. The i^tb the wea-
ither was a little fairer, and the Wind turned to the
[North-Weft, which made the Current run with great
jrapidity from the Tartarian Sea.
; The fame day they cruifed on the other fide of fVai-
gats towards the Continent, to found the Channel, and
[advanced to the very bottom of the Gulph, beyond the
jlfland of Queve, where they found a little wooden
[Houfe, and a great Canal. Next Morning having ha¬
iled Anchors on Board, and put up the main Top-Mafts,
|they refolved once more to try their fortune, and conti¬
nue their' Voyage. But the Admiral being of a contra¬
ry Opinion, continued at Anchor.
| The 25f/j in the Morning they faw the Ice running
[again into the PVaigats, by the Eaft, which made them
[weigh Anchor, and get away to the Weft of the Streight
jin order to return to Holland. The gof/; the Fleet ar¬
rived in the Illand called Wardhuis, of which we lhall
[fpeak hereafter, and lay there at Anchor till the iotb of
Oihb. at which time they weighed, and on the i %tb of
Hovemb. arrived in the Mettfe, after they had been
four Months and fixteen days out.
16 ■ The Third Voyage of the Dutch

the Third North-Voyage of the Dutch,!

. through the Seas of Mufcovy and Tartary
to find a Pajfage that way to the King¬
doms of Cathai and China, by the permip
on of the Town-Council of Amfterdam, in thi,
year 1596. j
AFtertwo Voyages, which in point of Succefs no!
K* way anfwer’d expedtation, it was debated again,;
whether they (hould attempt another. Their Higt!
Mightineffes would not feem to authorize it, but coin'
defcended, that if any private Man, City, or Corpo;
ration, would undertake fuch a Voyage at their owe!
charge, they would not be againft it, and if at theirr
’ return, they could give fulficient proofs of Succefs, the;
States would give them a confiderablc reward in Money!
Specifying the Sum.
• The Coun.cil of Amfterdam, who were not at all dif-
outraged, fitted out two Ships in the beginning of the
year 1596, and the Mariners engag’d upon thefe Terms,
that they fhould have a certain Pay and Allowance, if
they return’d without Succefs; but (hould have better
pay if they fucceeded, which laft Recompence was
very co'nliderable; and therefore they took as few Mar¬
ried Men with.them as they could, left the thoughts of
their Wives and Children (hould incline them to
precipitate their Return.
: The two Ships were ready to fail in the beginning of
May. James Hecmskirk. was named MafterandCom-
miflroner, as before ; William Barents Pilot of the one,.
•and John Cornelius IQp Commiffioner of the other.
'■ ■-> The i8fA of May they failed from Amjlerdam, and
thesad faw the Hit land of Bayer Hill. The 30 tb they
were in the Latitude of 69 Deg. 24 Min. and the firft
of June they had no Night.
June the 2d about half an hour after ten in the Morn¬
ing, they faw a Phenomenon in the Sky, which was
v^ry furprizing; on each fide the Sun they faw another
felfe Sun, and a Rainbow crofting the three Suns;
belides that, they perceived two other Rainbows, one
round
I round about the Suns, and another eroding the true
i Sun, whofe lower part was elevated 28 Degrees upon
; the Horizon. About Noon they made an Obfervation
: with an /lfirob.be, and found themfelves in 71 Deg. of
Latitude.
John Cornelit% his Ship flood always to the Wind¬
ward of William Barents, without coming near him,
upon which Barents tackt to the North-Eaft to get
the Wind, and fpeak with her, thinking Ihe was too
much to the Weft, and really it appeared fo afterwards.
About the Evening Barents rold him they lay too much
to the Weft, and that they Ihould fail more to the Eaft;
i but Cornelit% anfwered him, he would not enter into the
Streight of Weigats.
Then they ran to the North-Eaft and by North, and
were about fixty Leagues wide of their Point. Barents
was of Opinion, they ought to fail to the Eaft, North-
Eaft.becaufe they had been a long while to the Weft He
would fieer to the Eaft, at leaft for fome while, till
they ihould get as much as they had loft ; but Corne¬
lit % would not allow his Reafons, but on the contrary,
perfifted in his Refolution of failing always North-
North-Eaft, being perlwaded, that if they ihould fleer
to the Eaft, they ihould fall into the Weigats. After
all, Barent* was obliged to joyn him, and failed to the
North-Eaft, and by North, whereas they ihould have
fleer’d North-Eaft, or rather more to the Eaftward.
June 5th, they began to fee Ice again, and were fo
amazed at it, that they thought they faw alfo Swans.
Thofe that were upon the Deck cryed out, they faw a
great number of them fwimming, others confidering ic
without any prevention, told them, that what they
thought were Swans, were only broken pieces of Ice
floating upon the Water, and fo it prov’d. About Mid¬
night they failed through the Ice, the Sun being then
about one Degree upon the Horizon to the North.
The 4f/j they arrived in 74 Deg. of Latitude, fail¬
ing through the Ice, as if they had run between two
Shores. The water was as green as Grafs, and they
prefum’d they were not far from Greenland; but the
further they failed, the Ice was ftill thicker.
The9th they dilcovered an Iiland in 74 Deg. 30 Min,
appearing to them about five Leagues in length. The
i itb they landed and found a great quantity of Eggs
C of
 The Third Voyage of the Dutch
of Sea Mew; at laft they got up to a very fteep Moun¬
tain, from whence they could not defcend, without
great danger and trouble ; for they could not look down
without being frighted, in feeing nothing at the bottom
but points of Rocks, ready to tear them in pieces, if
they fhould chance to fall; therefore they fat upon
their Breeches, and fo Aid down foftly without any hurt,
though Barents who was in the Sloop, thought they
could never come down alive.
The nth in the Morning they faw a white Bear,
and rowed with a Sloop to throw a rope about her
Neck,and fo catch her; but they durft not do it, for that
the wild Bear appear’d too furious. After that, John
Cornelit^ fent them Arms, and Men to reinforce them,
then they attack’t the Bear together. The fight con¬
tinued two hours; at laft they cut off her Head with an
Ax, and brought her on board Carnelit^'Wis Ship, where
being flead, her Skin was twelve Foot long: they eat
fomeof her Flefh, but’twas unfavoury and unwholfom,
They called that Ifland, thelflandof Bears.
The 13th they weighed Anchor, and as they fail’d
along, faw about Evening fomething very big floating
upon the Sea. They thought at firft it was a Ship, but
coming nearer, they perceived it was a dead Whale,
with a great many Sea-Mews upon her.
The i7f/j.and 18th, they failed through abundance of
Ice, and came to the South point of the Ifland, but in
vain attempted to double it.
The iytb they difeover’d anotherLand, and having
taken its Latitude, found themfelvcs in 80 Deg. n.
Min. The Country they had in view was Spacious,
and they coafted it to the Weft .fide to 79 Deg. and a
half, where they found a very good Road, but could go
no farther, became the wind was North-Eaft, and
came diredUy from the Land, the Bay extending to the
South and North into the Sea.
The zifi they caft Anchor in fight of the Shore,
in eighteen fathoms Water, and the Seamen of Barents
and Cornelitwent together to look for Ballaft, about
the Northerly Coaft. Being come on Board again, a
white Bear took the water, and fwim’d towards their
Ship. Prefcntiy the Crew leaving the Ballaft which
they were putting on board, and betaking themfelves to
their Sioop, rowed after the Bear, which fwimming a-
 to find a Pajfage to China, &c.'
bove a League into the Sea , they follow'd her
with three Sloops and Ship Boats, and charging her,
moft of the Arms they made ufe of to kill her, were
broken againft her Body, and Ihe threw her felf with
fuch ftrength againft one of the Boars, that Ihe had al-
moft overturn’d ir. At laft with much adoe, they kil¬
led her, and brought her on board ; her Skin was 13
Foot long.
After that they rowed in,a Sloop above a League to¬
wards the Shore, and found,a very good Harbour, fix-
teen, twelve, and ten Foot deep, and advancing further
to the Eaft, difeover'd two Iflands, reaching Eaftward
into the Sea. On the Weft fide was a great Gulph,
and another Ifland in the mjddle, to which they rpw'd j
and landing there, found great Flocks of wild Geefe,
even in their Nefts: but they flew away as foon as they
faw them, one they Ihot, and boiled it with Eggs.
They are the fame fort of Geefe which come every
year into Holland, and efpecially into Wieringen upon
the Zj ‘yder^ce, between North-Holland and Frieze land,
though none till now could tell where they bred. Some
Authors write, that thole Eggs were the fruits of fome
Trees in Scotland, that grow along the Sea-fhore, and
that the Eggs which fall upon the Land come to no¬
thing ; but thofe that fall in the Sea are prefently hatch¬
ed, and the young Geefe fwim about in the Sea. We
mud not wonder if none before knew where thefe Geefe
made their Nefts, feeing we never heard of any Ship*
that had ever failed to the 8o;/jDegree, and difeovered
this Ifland.
! We muft alfo obferve that though this Ifland which
bur Navigators took for Greenland, lies in about 80
peg. yet there is Grafs in it, and Beafts that feed upon
it, as Rain-deers and others ; but you fee nothing green,
nor any Grafs in Nova Zambia, which is four Degrees
tnore remote from the ArtickPole, and no other Beafts,
hut Beafts of Prey , as Bears, Foxes, Sit. , .
‘That Country which the Author of this Journal
thought to be Greenland, is the moft Northerly Conn-
. try that has been difeovered yet. It is Striated between
Greenland, belonging to Nortbway; arid, Nova %embia,
which belongs to Mufcovy i .arid life difedly oppofite
to Fmdnbia, Of the North'part of Norway. That
Ifland,- according to' the aioirinr we have when it was
i ‘ difeoyeredr
 The third Voyage of the Dutch
‘ difcovered, and this Relation was publifhed, readit
‘ from 76 to 80 Deg. and confequently is above 60 Get
‘ man Leagues in length.
‘ Thus the difference between William Barenu
c and John Cornelltof which we fpoke before, gay
‘ opportunity to difcover the Weftern part of tha
‘ Iiland. Since that time, one Httdfon an Englijh-m
‘ hath been there, of whom Hundius faith in his Gru
* Map, that he found a-firm Coaft of Ice upon the North
‘ Weft fide of thelfland, between 81 and 82 Deg. 0
‘ Latitude.
‘ Since that time, the Englifh have failed every Sum
* trier into that Ifland, for Sea-Cows Teeth, Whalt
‘ bone, and Whale-Oyl.. The Rjifmn Company 0
' London, were the firft that traded there, but now th
‘ Dutch, the French, and thofe of Bifeay traffick in thi
‘ fame place:
‘ That Ifland, as wc Laid before, is fituated betweti
* 76 and 80 Deg. North-North-Weft of the Ifland c
‘Bears, which is above Norway. It lies in an extra
‘ cold Climate,which the Ancients had reafon toftileuo
‘ inhabitable. There is no Country in the World when
‘ the Nights are fliorter: for during the fix Months 0
‘ Summer it is always light, and two Months of the fix i;
‘ Winter, when the Sun is beyond the Line, and in pro
‘ portion ro its diftance,the Days are but of 12,10,8, am'
* at laft of one hour in length, when the Sun is loweft;
‘ and in the middle of that long Night, it rifes 12 Deg,
‘ and a half upon the Horifon, vi$. by the 80 Deg
‘ and every 24 Hours, you fee the light before th
1 Sun rifes. According to the opinion of Ptolomeus and
‘ others, you may fee that light, when the Sun is li
* Deg. under the Horizon.
* But though the days are fo long, and the Sun coir
* tinues to fliine fo long without intermifiion in tha
‘ cold Country, yet the Summer is the fliorteft and the
‘ coldeft of any of the Northern Countries, “june the
‘ 13th, the Ice was fo thick and fo hard along the Coalls
‘ and ar the Mouth cf the Harbours, that no Ship
‘ could get in, and the Snow continued fo hard in fo®
1 places in the midft of Summer, that the Raindeefi
' were almoft ftarv’d for want of Palture.
‘ The teafonof fo great Cold, and fo long a Wintei
there, is, that the Sun never rifes higher there upo»
‘tin
 'I’rtnziy or xl
Utirtn XjLauL *
! to find the Pajfage to China. %%
* the Horizon, than to the 33d Deg. wanting 40 Min.
‘ fo that its Beams never Ihine upon the ground but .
‘ fideways, without penetrating or entring into it, by
‘which means they can never make it warm enough ■
‘ and by the fame reafon the Beams of the Sun have
‘not ftrength enough to diffipate the Vapours and Fogs
‘ that cover the Ground, and hang fo thick upon the
‘ Mountains, and over the Sea, that very often they hin-
‘ der the Sailers from feeing further than the length of
* their Ship.
‘ For the fame Reafon the Ifland whofe Coafts were
‘ difcover'd at the publilhing of this Journal, appears
‘ furrounded with high Mountains cover’d with Snow,
‘ and in the Vales between the Hills there is not one
‘ Tree, nor Bulh, nor Fruit to be feen. The Greens is
‘ but a kind of (hort, thick and yellowiili Mofs, through
1 which come forth fmall blue Flowers; but fome Sea-
‘ men have alfur’d us, that they faw fome green Grafs
‘ like that we make Hay of.
‘ The Beads of that Countrey are white Bears bigger
‘thanOxen, Rain-deers and Stags. The Rain-deers
‘ feed upon the Mofs, and in a Months time that fome
‘ Ships tarried there, were grown fo fat that they were
‘excellent Meat.
‘ Their Horns are far from being fmooth, and they are
‘ lelfer than Scags ; and tho’ they are not accuftom’d to
‘ fee Men, yet they don’t run away at the fight of them,
‘ nay, fome that were (hot, run for Help to the Men
‘ that ihot them.
‘ There are alfo white, grey, and black Foxes in the
‘ Ifland. The Englljb found there fome Horns, which
‘ skilful Men give out for Unicorns Horns; but thofe
‘ that have been brought into Holland afford no Way of
‘ knowing from whac Beaft they came.
‘ Great Numbers of Whales of all forts come to the
‘ Mouth of the Harbours, many of which are four and
‘ twenty Foot long, and fo big that they yield a great
‘ deal of Oil. Some have no Fins upon their Back, but
‘have long Hair like a long Beard, fometimes five Foot
‘ long upon their Mouths, which are plac’d at the Top
‘ in a Row like the Teeth of a Comb, where other
* Fifties have their Teeth. Thofe which lie before and
‘ behind are very fmall, fo that commonly they amount
‘ to the Number of 900. One of thefe Mouths will
C 3 ! fetch
 The Third Voyage of the Dutch •[
t fetch 6001. and indeed this is the only profitable Com-1
‘ modity on that Coaft. j
‘ On both fides of the Head Whales have great Fins:
* by which you eafily catch them, and wound them mor- [
‘ tally. When they are wounded, and the Blood comes;
‘ to the Head, they blow the Water and the Blood 1
‘ tfirougha Hole at the Top of their Head, as high as the.
* Mails'of a Ship. After they have div'd and fpent their,
‘ Strength, the Sloops approach them ; and ihooting Ar-!
‘ rows in their Heads, kill them quite. j
5 Whales have hard and black Skins cover’d with
‘ another thin one, which is black and as fmooth as Sat-
‘ tin. They feed upon little Fi(h, which in French are
‘ call'd Puces de Mer, Sea-Fleas, not fo big as a Salient,
‘ They fwim with open Mouth ; and upon fwallowing
‘that little Fi(h Ihut their Mouth.
‘ Here are fome White Whales, but they are not of
‘ much Value ; as alfo fome few Empcradors and Whi-
‘ tings ; a World of Watcr-Fovyls, efpecially Sea-Cobbs,
‘ two forts of Duckers, fome Lombs (which are proper-
‘ ly a fort of LarretsJ Geefe, Drakes and Ducks, which
4 lay very great Eggs, and prodigious Flocks of Wild-
‘ Geefe.
‘ A little further you find Sea-Cow, which might bet-
‘ ter be call’d Sea-Elephants; for they are more like Ele-
f phants in their Bodies, Teeth and Skins. Their Skins
‘ are very thick and heavy. One was brought to Am-
4 Jierdam that weigh’d 400 Weight, but they are good
' for nothing, being full of Scabs. They are very fat,
4 and yield plenty of Oil. When they fee another Cow
‘ of their kind dead, they come to her in great Num- j
4 bers, and getting upon her, heat her, and make her rot j
* prefently.
‘ Five Leagues further, you may find Canals of frelli
‘ Water, with Sea-Dogs of the fame kind as thofe in Iiol-
4 land; and this is all that could be faid of that Ifla'nd ■
4 when this Journal was publifli’d.

June 13. Part of the Sailors landed to fee how much ;

the Comp'afs vary’d while they were a-fhoar. In the \
mean while a white Bear ran towards the Ship, and j
would certainly have boarded her if they had not feen !
her betimes, and prevented her by difebarging Muskets \
at her, and fo forc’d her back again $ from whence ihe ‘
. - ■ went |
| to find a Pafiage to China, &c. 2}
|vent to the Ifland where the other Seamen were j but
Ihofe that tarry’d on board, feeing her go back, fail’d
fprefently to the Shoar, and call’d out to their Comrades,
Who hearing them, thought the Ship had ftruckupona
rRock ; at which Noife the Bear her felf. was fo fright-
led, that (he took another Way, and thofe that were a-
jhoar rejoic’d at it, becaufe their Companions had no
! Arms.
As to the Variation of theCompafs, they found a Dif¬
ference of id Deg.
June 24. they came near the Shoar, where they found
two Teeth of Sea-Cows both fix Pounds Weight, and
; another little one. The 25th they fail'd along the Coaft
; in 70 Deg, and having dilcover’d a great Gulph, they
: went in, and advanc’d about ten Leagues, but then
i were forc’d to tack and get out again as foon as they
fcould, the Wind being contrary.
| The 2Sri they doubl’d a Cape on the Weftern Coaft,
$ where there were fuch great Flocks of Birds, that they
cover’d the Sails of the Ship.
The 29th they were oblig’d to ftand off the Shoar,
becaufe of the Ice, and went to 76 Deg, 50 Min.
July the firft they faw again the Ifland of Bcars.There
Comelitz with the Officers of his Ship went on board
Will. Barents where not agreeing about what Courfe
they fhould fleer, they confented that every one fliould
go where they thought beft. So Comelitz ftill following
his own Opinion, return’d back to 80 Degrees, thinking
he could fail by the Eaft ward of that Landlin that Latir
iude,and accordingly fleer’d to the North.
Barentz on the contrary fail’d to the South to avoid
the Ice. The 11 tb he conjectur’d by his Courfe, that he
was at C iniinoes, the Oriental Part of the White Sea,
which he left to the South, and fail’d to the South-
South-Eaft in the Latitude of 72 Deg. and then he
thought he was near Sir Hugh Willoughby's Shore. The
17th lie camera the Latitude of 74 Deg. 40 Min. A-
bout Noon he came in fight of Nova %embla near the
Bay J Lambs. The 18th he doubl’d the Cape of the
Ifland of Amirante, and the 19//; faw the Ifland of
Croffes, where he camera an Anchor, the Ice hindring
him fromgoing further.
Eijjht Seamen row’d the Sloop a-(hore, where they
relied themfelvcs under one of the Croffes vvith a defign
C 4 t<J
 The Third Voyage of the Dutch
to go and fee the other Crofs; but in going to it, they:
faw at the Foot of it two Bears, which frighted them
exceedingly, becaufe they had no Arms. The Bears
flood up againft the Crofs that they might the better fee
who came near them; for thefe Creatures fmell better
than they fee, and after that run towards the Men.
Whereupon the Seamen fled to their Sloop, looking
behind them now and then to fee whether they were
purfu’d by the wild Bcafts ; but the Mafter ftcpt them
from running, threatning to kill the firft that Ihould run
further,becaufe’twas better to be together, that they may
fright the Bears with their Noife and Outcries, than tc
part in the flight. So they march'd at their ordinary
pace to their Sloop, and were very glad they were fafe.
July lid, they were in 76 Deg. 15 Min. and the va¬
riation was 26 Deg. or a little more. Atiguft the 6th,
they paffed the Cape of Najfau, and found themfelves
under the Cape Troojl, where Barents had wi(ht himfelf
long before. About Evening the Weather was fo foggy,
that they were forced to fallen the Ship to the Ice,
which was 36 Fathoms deep in the water, and about
16 above it.
Auguft the 9th, the Ship being fattened in the Ice,
the Mafter who was walking upon the Deck, heard 3
Beaft blowing, and prefently faw a Bear ftriving to get
into the Ship,he immediately cryed out,all Hands a loft,
and every body getting upon the Deck, they faw the
Bear holding fait upon the Ship with her paws, and
ftriving to get in. The whole Crew made the greateft
noife they could, at which the Bear being frighted,
got a little fiirther off; but prefently after (he got be¬
hind the bank of Ice, upon which the Ship was fatten'd,
and came diredly with great fury towards them, en¬
deavouring to get into the Ship. But fome Seamen
who were upon the Deck, and others aloft, fo woun¬
ded the Bear with Shot, that Ihe ran away, but it
fnow’d fo hard and thick, that they could nor perceive
where ihe went, but concluded Ihe ran under fome of
• the Mountains of Ice that lay round ’em.
Augufl the 1 otb, the Ice being broken in pieces be*
gan to float, and then they perceived that the great
piece of Ice to which the Ship was fattened, touched
the ground.for that the others floating aIong,didrun upon
it without moving it. Then they were afraid of being
frozen
 to find the Vajfage to China.
frozen up, and therefore endeavoured to get off, tho’
in failing they perceived that the water was freezing,
and the Icc cracking a great way off round about the
Ship- At laft they fattened the Ship till Evening.
After Supper the Ice began to break with i'o terrible
a noife, that it is impoffible to be expreffed. The
Head of the Ship was turned to the ftream, which
carryed away the Ice, (b that they were oblig'd to
flacken their Cables: For they faw 400 floats of Ice
pafs ’em, fome of which reach’d to Fathoms under
water, and 2 above it.
Then they fattened the Ship upon another lhelf cf
Ice fix Fathoms deep in the Sea, and there they call
Anchor. After that they faw another great hulk of Ice
not far off, running to a point like the Pyramid of a
Steeple, and reaching to the bottom of the Sea. They
foon advanced to that lhelf, and found it was 20 Fa¬
thoms deep in the water, and 12 above it.
Augufi 11 tb, they row’d towards another lhelf of Ice
18 Fathoms deep, and ten high above the water.
The 11th they failed towards the Coaft, leaft the
Ship Ihould be carryed away by the Ice; and that (he
might be more fafe, becaufe the biggeft lhelves could
not approach her at the depth of 4 or 5 Fathoms. There
being in that'place a great fall of waters from the
Mountains, the Ship was again fattened to a (helf of
Ice, and they named that place, Tbe little Cafe of
Ice.
The i^tb in the Morning, they faw a Bear coming
from the Eaft towards the Ship, and a Seaman (hooting
at her, broke her I.eg with a Musket Ihot; however,
(he went back and climb'd up a Mountain, but feveral
Seamen coming a-lhore, killed her, and Head her.
The 15th Barents' arrived under the Ifland of Orange,
where his Ship was ftopt by the Ice, and in danger of
being broken in pieces, but lie got off again, though
with great trouble; and as foon as (he was at Anchor,
the Wind turned to the South-Eaft, which made him
go to another place.
While the Sloop’s Company were bufy in weighing
Anchor, the great noife they made awak’d a Bear that
was deeping hard by; ihe prefently run to the Ship,
and fo affrighted the Sailors, that they left their Work
and run away to fave their Lives. The Bear being
(hoc
i6 The Third Voyage of the Dutch
ftot in the Body fled to the ocher fide of the Ifland,
where Ihe refted her felf upon Ice ,• they followed her,
but (he feeing the Sloop coming to her got into the
Water, and made towards the Ifland ; however, they
prevented her, and wounded her in the Head with an
Axe, and endeavoured to ftrike her again, but at every
blow they made (he dived under Water, fo that they
had mnch ado to kill her.
The 16th, Ten Men got into the Yatch, and rowed
towards Nova Zambia, others drew the Bark upon the
higheft Ice, which rofe like a little Mountain, and
there took their Latitude to find on which fide the
Continent lay: they found it was S. S. E. then more
Southerly, and conjectured (but wrong) that the Con¬
tinent extended to the South. However, at that very
time they law the Sea opened to the South Eaft-ward.
And now they thought the Succefs of the.r Voyage
was certain, and were fo confident of it, that they were
impatient ro bring the good News to Bam:t%.
On the i 3-'/j they got ready to. fail, but in vain, for
after going a little farther, -icy were forced to come
back again to thef-.-t ;;ac.:.
The iqtb rh do. the Cape of Drflre, and once
more thought .( ;au :. ..iruier. but b mg got into the
. Ice were ob! ged m i.i. The 22d they advanced
through a pretty wav in the Lv ton hated there all
Night at Anchor. The nev y weighed,
and faftned their Ship to . . jv >:om which
they mounted, adm.nns ■ ■ nape of it.
That Shelf was all cove• at the Top,
and therethey found above 40 1 olourof this
Shelf was not that of Io"- an . .«■.■». How¬
ever, fome call’d it pure lcc. nd o h, > took it for
frozen Earth ; it was 18 Fathoms. Jeep m the Sea, and
ten above it.
Atiguft 25, about three in rhe Afternoon the Tide
began to carry away the Ice, and then they thought
to fail by the South fide of Nova Zambia, to he Weft
of the (Valgats; for after they ihould have p;.(Ld No¬
va Zambia, and found no way opened, they had no
hopes of going any ftirher. and therefore ditpoled them*
felves to return into Holland, when being arrived at
t le Bay of Currents, they were ftopt by the Ice, which
gvas there fo ftrong, that they were forced to go back.
 to find a Paffage to China, &c.
The i6tb having got into the Harbour of Ice, they
[were ftopt there again by the Shelves, floating and
[running with io prodigious a Noife and Strength, that
lit was iinpoflible to get off. Three Men who got upon
[the Ice to open it were like to be drown’d, and indeed
lit was a kind of a Miracle that the Ice did not carry
them away
The Evening of the fame day, they came to the
Weft of the Harbour of Ice, where they were obliged
to Winter, and fuffered very much, not only by the
Cold, but alfo for Want of Neceflaries. The 27tb
the Ice was floating round about the Ship, and it being
fair Weather, fome of the Sailors went a-fhore, and
marched a good way upon the Continent. In the
mean while the Wind turning to the South-Eaft, and
blowing pretty Itrong, broke a little more of the Ice,
and threw it upon the fore-part of the Ship, which gave
the Ship luch Shocks, that it feem’d to touch the Ground
at both ends.
In this apparent danger they got the Sloop ready to fave
themfelves, in cafe of need, and fet up a Flag as a Signal
to call them on board chat were a-Ihore, who came pre-
fently, thinking the Ship was loft.
The a8rb the lee being open, the Ship was well a-
gain, but before (he was quite up, Barents and the
other Pilot went to view the Prow, and while they
were viewing and meafuring, the Ship opened above,
and gave fuch a crack, that they thought of nothing
but perilhing, but the Ship being fetled right again, they '
ufed all manner of Inftruments to break the Ice,
but without effetft, and fo were out of hopes of get¬
ting off, and putting to Sea again.
The 10th the Ice began to gather in heaps about the
Ship, the cold Wind, and Snow falling very thick con¬
tributed very much to it, and the Ice and Ship cracked
fo terribly, that every Moment they expe&ed to fee
her (hivered into pieces.
The Ice being thicker under that fide of the Ship from
whence the ftream came than on the other, made her
lean very much; but the Ice heaping after the fame
manner on the other fide, the Ship got up right again,
and was fupported by the Ice, as if it had been under
propt with an Engine.
ft
On the 31 other Shelves of Ice coming over the
pther
 7 he Third Voyage of the Dutch
ocher, they lifted op the Head of the Ship fo high
that ic was four or five foot higher than the reft, and,
the back part of the Ship was buried, in a manner, un--
der the Ice, as in a Pit. They were in hopes that the;
Helm ought have been preferved, but Lhe Ice broke iti
whip to pieces : However, that ferved to fave the bo-!
dy of the Ship, for if her Stern had been expofed to'
the Ice, continually floating, as the Prow was, ic would;
have lifted up the Ship, and at laft have broke her to;
■pieces, or perhaps it might have funk her, which waf
what they moft feared,
Under that Apprehenfion they had already put tin
' Tender and the Sloop upon the Ice, to make their re¬
treat, and had waited four Hours to fee what would
happen. Then the Ice broke of it felf, and was carried
away by the Scream. Every one lookt upon that Al¬
teration as a great Providence, and work'd very hard
about re-fitting of the Helm, and the Whip Staff ol
it; then they thought fit to take it down, that if they
Ihould again be befieg’d by Flakes of Ice, fhe might noi
be in danger any more.
September the j if the Ice began to heap fo high a-
gain, that ic lifted the whole Ship two Foot high with¬
out damaging her. After Noon they prepared to draw
the Tender and the Sloop a-fhore. The id the Ship wai
lifted up again be new Flakes of Ice, which crack’d
her in feveral Pieces, infomuch, that notwuhftandinj
the badnefs of the Weather, they refolved to draw tk
little Ship a-fhore, with 13 Tuns of Bisket, and twe
Hogfheads of Wine.
The 3d, the Ship was furrounded with new Flakes
of Ice,joyn’d to thofe that hemm’d them in before. Thes
the Cable of their Anchor to the Wind-ward was broket
as well as the new Cable, which faftned the Ship to tit
Ice. They wondred to fee the Ship continue whole,
confidcring the violent Current and vaft Quantity 0!
ihc long Flakes of Ice, floating as high as Mountain
of Salt in Spain, and at the dtftance of a Mufquet.li.c:
fr§m the Ship.
The 5*6 after Supper the Ice fqueezed the Ship ft
hard, that fhe leaned quite on one fide, and fufferd
• much, but did not fplic .- However, thinking lhe could
not refill much longer, they carried a-fhore an old Mi'
len-Sail, Powder, Shot, Mufquets, Guns, and otha
Aw
 I
[ to find the Pajjage to China. 29
Arms, to make a Tent near the Place were the Tender
was. They carried off alfo fome Biskets, fome Wine,
and Carpenters Tools, to re-fit the Sloop in cafe of
need ; befides there was fo little Water about the Ship,
that they could fcarce draw a Pail-ful at a time.
The -jtb, five Seamen going a-ttiorc, two of them
came aboard again, and the other three marched two
: Leagues into the Country, where they found a River
of freih Water, and great Quantity of Wood along
; the Shore, and alfo faw the Footfteps of Rain-deers
: and Elcks, as they apprehended.
On the yth, in the Night-time, two Bears came
: near the Ship, but run away at the noife of the Trum¬
pets and (hooting of Mufquets, tho‘ none of them did
then any Execution, for ’twas pretty dark. The i itb
the Weather being calm, eight Seamen well armed
went all.ore, to know whether the three other who
went before had truly obferved every thing, and whe-
I ther they were not miftaken about the Wood they faw
along the Shore of the River. For after having been fo
often furrounded and ftopt by the Ice. and got off a-
gain, they were now fo narrowly clos’d up, that it be¬
ing Autumn, and near the Winter, there was no hopes
of getting off, and therefore they prepared to win¬
ter in that Country, and confulted what was fit to be
done, in expectation of what Providence would deter¬
mine.
It was then finally refolved to provide againft cold'
Weather, and the Fury of wild Beafts, and therefore
to build a Hut for that purpole. They had an- Opportu¬
nity very favourable to execute their Defign, for they
found a-(hore whole Trees with their Roots, which
undoubtedly had been brought there from Tartary or
Mufcovy, for there is none in this Country : So they
were certain the three Seamen had toid them the Truth
before. So good a beginning mightily encouraged them,
and put them in great hopes that God would rake care
of them, and fend them fafe into their own Country.
The i yb of the fame Month, early in the Morning,
the Centinel faw three Bears, one of which ltayed be¬
hind a Shelf of Ice, and the other two came to the
Ship. The Seamen going to fhoot them, one of the
Bears put her Head in a Steeping-tub full of Meat at
a little diftance from the Ship, but (he only fmelc ir.
3o The Third Voyage of the Dutch
and went away; In the mean time /he was lhot thrt'
rhc Head,, and fell down dead ; and her Companion,
after ftanding for fome. time furpriz’d, and obferving
that the other lay all along without any Motion, fmelt
to it, and then /heer'd off. They followed her in fight,
upon which fhe turn’d, and rais’d her felf up to catch
fome of the Seamen with her Paws; then they (hot her
in the Belly, and (he run away with horrible Howlings.
At length they killed her, and having opened her, and
drawn out her Entrails, they put her upon her four Feet,
to try whether (he would freeze hard enough to be
carried in that pofture into Holland, in cafe they (hould
get off the Ice with their Ship,
In fine, having made a Sledge to. draw the neceffa-
ry Timber, they began to build a Hut, at which time
the Sea froze two Inches thick. The 16th they drew
four Rafters from a League off upon the Ice and
Snow. The fame Night it froze two Inches thicket
in the Sea. The 17tb, thirteen Men went to fetch
Wood. ten lugg’d it away while the other three cut it,
The 21 si it froze fo hard, that they were forced to
.tran(port the Kitchin into the Hold of the,Ship.
The 23d the Ship’s Carpenter died, and was buried
the next day in a Cleft of a Mountain, near a Stream
of Water ; for the Ground was frozen fo hard, that
it was impoflible to dig a Grave. The 25th they
laid the Rafters and the Edifice began to take its Form.
The 26th the Wind rifed to the Weft, and the
Sea was opened; but the Ship being faft upon the Ice,
die Seamen had but little comfort at the changing of
the Weather.
The whole Ship’s Crew was then but fixteen Men,
and fome of them often fick. The 27 th it freczed fo
hard, that when the Seamen were at work, and put a
Nail in their Mouth, as ’ris ufual, it pulled the Skin
off, and drew Blood. In fine, the cold was fo ex-
tream, that nothing but faving their Lives could make
them work.
The 30th the Wind was South-Eaft and Eaft-Sonth-
Eaft; and it fnow’d fo much the Night before and all
that Day, that they could not go to fetch more Wood.
They made a great Fire round about the Hue to thaw
the Ground, and make a kind of Rampier, but all in
vain, for the Ground was froze fo hard, and fo-deep,
| to find the Pafibge to China, 8ic. 31
that it was not poflible to foften it, and it would have
i'pent too much Wood to try it again.
Oftober the id. the Hut was ready, and they planted
a May-pole in it of Snow. The fib they faw the Sea
as far as they could perceive it was opened, but the
Ice about the Ship was neither melted nor crack’d .- fo
that one would have thought that the Flakes of Ice
were Walls about her, for the Ice was three Fathoms
and a half deep in the Sea. The fame day they tore
in pieces the Forc-Caftle of the Ship, and with the
Boards covered the Hurt, which was done in one day.
And the 7tb, took down the great Cabbin abaft, and
with it lined ’he Hutt on all fides.
The Wind which had been very high all Night,the 7tb
and 8tb continued fo all Day, and brought fo much
, Snow, that it would certainly fmorher any that durft
venture out; befide it was impoffible to walk or en¬
dure the Coldnefs of the Air.
The 1 r)ti} the Weather grew a little milder, fo that
they could go out -of the Ship. One of the Seamen
being a-ll:ore met with a Bear, which he was not a-
ware of ’till (he was very nigh him ; he turned back
and went to the Ship again; the Bear run after him,
but feeing in her way the Bear which they had fet
up to freeze, covered all over with Snow, except one
of her Paws, (lie made a fliort flop, and in that time
the Seaman got into the Ship, and faved his Life.
The Seaman was fo frighted that he could hardly
fpeak a Word, only a Bear, a Bear. The reft got up
to (hoot the Bear, but they could hardly perceive any
thing for the Smoak in the Ship, which they had made
while they were fhut up, and which no Confideration
whatever could have tempted them to endure, ex¬
cepting that of preferving their Lives, which had o-
thetwife been quickly loft, through the Violence of
the Cold and Snow; but the Bear run away before .
they could clear their Eyes.
The utb they carried a-fhore the Wine, and other
Provifions, and the 1 ztb half the Ship’s Company, lay
that Night in the Huct they had built, where they
fuffered extremity of Cold, becaufe they had no Beds,
and very few Blankets with them ; befides, they cou’d
make no Fire, becaufe the Chimney was not yet finifh-
ed, and without that the Smoak was unfufferable.
. The
. The Third Toy age of the Dutch • f
The iyb three Seamen went to the Ship, and!oad|
ed a Sledge with Beer to draw it to the Hutt, bus
the Wind was fo violent, there was fo great a Storm,':
and it was fo excelfive cold, that they were forced
not only to return to the Ship again, but to leave or
their Beer upon the Sledge. The next day they found
a Tun of Dant%ic!(_]opp, a Phylical ftrong Beer, butt
by the Froft, and the Beer frozen. They drew tb
Veffel into the Hutt and fet it up, but the Beer had.
loft its ftrength, and was good for nothing. j
The 16th, in the Night, a Bear endeavonred to get*
into the Ship, but hearing the Voice of the Seamen,
about break of Day Ihe retired.
The i%tb they took the Bisket and Wine out ol;
the Canow they had drag’d a-lhore, and found the Witii,
but a. little frozen, tho’ the Froft had continued list
Weeks. t
The 19tb another Bear would have come into rfc
Ship, where there was but two Men left, and a Cabbir.-
boy, who were fo terribly affrighted, that the two Met
hid themfelves in the Hold, and the Boy got up the
Shrowds. In the mean while other Seamen cominj
from the Hutt to the Ship, the Beat run towards them,
but at the Difcharge of the firft Mufquet, (he fled.
The zotb they went into the Ship to take away .ill
the Beer, where they found fome Barrels crackt by the
cold Weather, and feveral Iron Hoops were broken oS
the Dant3'ickm Veffels. The 24tb the reft of the Sea¬
men , being eight in number, retired into the new
Houfe, and the ninth, who was fick, was drawn thi¬
ther on a Sledge; they drew alfo their Sloop a-lhore,
but with incredible Pains and Trouble. j
At laft, feeing the Ship was fo frozen that there was;
no hopes of getting her off again fo fcon, they carried;
a-lhore the Rudder, leaft it lhould be loft in the Snow,
for poflibly they might make ufe of it next Summer,
being alway in hopes of an Opportunity to return into
Holland.
In the mean while, the Sun, the only Comfort they
had, began to leave them, and therefore with all
imaginable Diligence they brought away the reft ol
the Provifions that were left in the Ship, and all Ne-
ceflaries to fit out the Sloop, and lodg’d them in their
Hutt. Qftober 25, being very buly in this Work
 to find the Pajfage to China, &c*
the Matter looking out,faw three Bears behind the Ship,
advancing cowards the Seamen. He made a great noife
to fright them'; on the other fide the Seamen put them-
felves in a pofture of defence, and by good luck find¬
ing two Halberds on the Sledge, the Matter cook one,
and Gerard de Veer the other : The reft run to the Ship,
but one of them fell down in a crack of Ice, which
made the others tremble, thinking the Bears would de¬
vour him, but they run after thofe that went towards
the Ship. The Matter, De Veer, and the Man that
Was fallen down took their time, and got into the Ship
on the other fide.
Thefe wild Beafts feeing them got into the Ship, run
in great fury towards them ; the Seamen who had no
other Arms than two Halberds, threw fome pieces of
Wood, and other things to the Bears, who ran after
’em, as a Dog runs after a ftone that is thrown at him.
One of the Seamen went down to the Kitchinto ftrike
fire, and another went to fetch Piques, in the mean
while the Bears began to aflault themafrelh; 6utthe
Seamen throwing a Halberd at them, which fell upon
the muzzle of one of them, Ihebegan to retire, and the
other follow’d her foftly, and fo gave the Seamen time
to draw their Sledges to the Hurt.
On the z6 the greateft part of the Sea near the Ihore
was open, but the Ice was ftill round about the Ship.
The Z7tb they killed a white Fox, Which they roafted,
and found the Flelh had the fame tafte with that of a
Rabbet.
The fame day they mehded the Clock, and wound i£
up: They alfo prepared a Lamp to burn all night, and
made ufe of the Bear’s Fat melted for Oil. The zotb
they drew upon Sledges a great many Herbs and other
things that the Sea had caft upon the Ihore, and laid
them upon the Sail-cloth that was about the new Houle
to preferve ’em the better from the Cold. «
November the firft, in the Dusk of the Evening they
faw the Moon riling in the Eaft, while the Sun was
high enough to be feen upon the Horizon. The %ifi
they faw ic rifing near the South-South-Eaft, and fet-
ting near South-South-Weft, but the whole did not ap¬
pear upon the Horizon, one part of it being unfeen.
The fame day they killed a Fox with a blow of ®
Hatchet, and roafted it.
£ 9a
 The Third Voyage of the Dutch
On the id the Sun rofe at South-South-Eaft, a littlJ
more to the South than to the South-Eaft, and fet in tM
South-South-Weft, a little more towards the South!
Theyfaw only the top of its Globe upon the Horizon]
tho’ the Land where they took the Latitude was a<!
high as the Top-inaft of their Ship. The 4th they faw’
it no more, and the Weather was very calm. j
At that time the Surgeon made a Bath, in an empty*
Cask, where every one bathed, which did them a great!
deal of good. The fame day they took a Fox,for the Foxes!
began then to appear very often ; but the Bears were;
no more to be feen than the Sun. and never came againi
till the Sun re-appeared. ;
Tho’ the Sun was no more to be (een, the Moon tools
its place, and appeared Night and Day upon the Hori-
zon without fetting. The 6th, the Day was fo dark that
they could not diftinguifh it from the Night, and fo
much the more bccaufethe Clock did not go ; fo tha:
thinking it was not yet Day, the whole Company did
not rife, and when they did get up, they could not di[-
cern whether 'twas Day-light or Moon-light; but as
laft they were fenfible it was Broad-day.
The 8th they diftributed the Bread they had left a-
mong thcmfclves, and regulated every Man’s proper'
tion to four Pounds five Ounces in eight Days; where¬
as before, 10 much ferved only for five or fix Days
As to the Fifh and Flcfli, they did not think fit to matt
any diftribution of them; but they wanted Drink,
and the Beer they had was of no ftrength. The 1 i/i
they made a Trap to catch Foxes, and took one imme¬
diately. The Trap was a Hoop fitted up with a Me;
made of Packthread, and fo contriv’d, that when tin
Fox came under it he was faft. When the Fox wail
catch'd, they had a Contrivance for pulling both him;
and the Trap into the Hutt.
The 12th they diftributed the Wine, to every Mu
at the rate of two little Cups a day ; befides whit!
they had nothing to. drink but Snow-water. The iSf!
the Matter gave every one a piece of coarfc Cloth 10
cover himfelf againft the Cold. The 29th they opened
the Trunk where the Sheets were, and diftributed
them to make Shirts ; for the preffing Neceffiries
made them ufe all means to cafe and comfort them-
Elves.
Tfc
 tofind a Patfage to China, &c $$
I The io//> the Weather being pretty fair, they wafh-
ed their Linnen; but as boon as they took‘it out of .
boiling Water to wring it, it freez’d immediately :
Nay, when they held their Shirts before the Fire, one
fide always freez’d while the other thaw’d, and for that
reafon they were oblig'd to put the frozen fide in boil*
ing Water to thaw it.
The 2id they eat a great Dit'ch Cheefe all together,
out of feventeen they had left, and diflnbuted the reft,
leaving every one to their own husbandry. The 23d
they catched fome Foxes with the Traps that they made
of thick Boards loaded with Stones.
The 24//) two of the Seamen bathed being not well,and
after the Bath the Surgeon gave them a Purge, which cas’d
them mightily. The 26 tb,27?/),and 28//),it fnow’d fo terri¬
bly,and the Snow rofe fo high, that they were block’d up
in their Hutr, and were not able to come out upon any
occafion. But the 29tb the Weather clearing up, they
made a way with Shovels, and getting through a hole
they had made, they found their Traps cover’d with
Snow; but they clear’d them, and took that day a
Fox, which vvas good and necelfary Food then, be*
caufe they could get nothing elfe, and made themfelves
Caps of the Fox-skins againftrhe cold Weather.
Decemb. 1 /?. the Snow (hut up their Hurt again,
which caufcd'fo great a fmoak when rhey made Fire,
that they were forced to lie a-bed all day, except the
Cook, who got up to drefs their Vitftuals. The 2d
they made ufe of Stones which they put into the Fire,
and being very hot, put them into their Beds to warm'
themfelves; fuch was the extremity of the Cold.
The 3:/, as they lay in their Beds they heard the Ice
of the Sea cracking with fo great a noife, that they
fancy’d the Mountains of Ice which they faw in the
Summer, were broken in pieces, and heap’d again one
upon another. _ .
They were two or three days without fo good Fire
as they ufed to have, upon which occafion it iroze fo
hard in the Hurt, that the Ice was two Ihches thick up¬
on the Floor, againft the Wall, and even in their Beds.
Then they mended the Twelve-Hours Glafs, and took
care to keep it well, that they might know how to cal-
iulate the time; for the Frofi had ftop’d the Motion of
the Clock, notwithffanding that they augmented the
height#.- T? i The-
 The Third Voyage of the Dutch
The 6th, the Weather was fo intolerably cold, that
they could fcarce endure it; they look’d very pitifully
upon one another, thinking it would kill them all at
Iaft; and indeed it was fo cold that the greateft Fire
Would not warm them. The Sack of Seres, which is a
very ftrong and good Wine, was frozen, and they were
obliged to thaw it every two days, when they diftribu-
ted to each Man half a Pint j and befides that they had
, nothing but Snow Water, which was a very cold
Drink :n the Condition they were in.
The 7tb was alfo a very cold day, whereupon they
confulted how to preferve themfelves againft it, and it
- was refolved to fetch the Sea-coals out of the Ship, be-
caufe they make a good and lading Fire. About Even¬
ing they made Fire with that Coal, which warmed
them extreamly, but they repented it afterwards; for
fearing to be cold again, they dopt up the Windows,
and all the Holes in the Hutt, to keep themfelves hot,
and then went to bed very merry, talked almoft all
night; but at length they were all fo giddy and light¬
headed, that they could not dand, fome of them craw¬
led to the Chimney, others to the Door and open’d it,
but he that opened the Door, fell down into the Snow
and fwooned away. De Veer who heard him fall, ran
to him, and throwing a little Vinegar upon his Face, he
cametohimfelf again.
The Door being opened, the cold Air which was in-
fufferablc before, recover’d them again, or elfe they
had certainly been dead. Then the Matter gave every
one a glals of Wine to comfort them.
The <jth, loth, and nth, the Weather was clear,
fair, and Star-light; but fo cold, that it is impoflible to
imagine it. Their Shoes were froze as hard as Horn,
and they could not put them on again. They made
Slippers of SheepSkins, with threeorfourpairofSocks
one upon another, to keep their Feet warm. Their
Clothes were all over white with Snow.and glazed Froft;
when they ftaid a little while abroad, the very Pim¬
ples they had on their Faces or Ears were frozen.
The 14th of the fame Month they took the Latitude,
which was 76 deg. The 18//; fevenof them went to
view the Ship ■ the Water was one Inch higher in the
18 days that they had been abfent from the Ship j tho’
it was in truth rather Ice than Water. They alfo
found
 to find the Tajfage to China, &c. 31
found that the Water they brought from Holland was
frozen.
The 14th being Chriftmas-Evc, they u.wel’d away
the Snow round about their .Hurt, that they might go
out; and this indeed was their daily work. Though
there was no Day-light, they could fee the Sea open in
feveral places, occafion’d undoubtedly by the cracking
of the Ice they had heard before. Cbriflmas-day was
very cold. They heard fome Foxes, which they with-
ed for, being in great want. The Fire was not power¬
ful enough to heat them, they burnt their Stockings be¬
fore they could warm their Feet, and they fooner fmelt
than they felt the burning of them.
Thus ended the Year 1596. The beginning of 1597
was no lefs rigorous, for they were forced to leffen the
proportion oi Wine, for fear they fltould ftay too long
in that place.
The e^tb of January they put up a Cloth upon a Stick,
and fet iron the top of the Chimney, that they might
know where the Wind was • but in a moment the lin-
nen Cloth was frozen as hard as the Stick, and therefore
could not turn.
The yb day the Weather being milder, they clear’d
and open’d their Door, which had been (hut for fome
days, and went to work to provide Neceffaries, as to
clear Wood, £fc. which they carried to their Hurt for a
time of need.
Having work’d all day, they remember’d in the E-
vening that it was Twelfth-day, and therefore defir’d the
Matter to give them leave to recreate themfelves a lit¬
tle in their Sufferings. They made Fritters, drank the
Wine they had fpared out of their, (hare, chofe King
and Queen, and were as merry as if they had been at
their own Houfes in Holland.
The 1 oth they found the Water almoft a Foot high
in the Ship. The izth they took the heighth of the Star
called the Bulls Eye, and found the Latitude of that Star
and fome others that they had obferved, to agree with
that of the Sun, and that they were in the 76 deg. ra¬
ther higher than lower.
The 1 yb the Weather was fair and calm, and they
perceived that Day-light began to encreafe, for throw¬
ing a Bowl they could fee it running, and not before.
From that day they went ppt every day to walk, run,
U 3 and
 The Third Voyage of the Dutch
and cxcrcife themfelves, and found they began to re¬
vive ar.d grow fupple again. They alfo perceived a lit¬
tle Rednefs on the Sky, w'^;. Aurora the Fore-runner of
the Sun. The Air in the day time was not fo cold by
many degrees as before ; for now, when they made a
good Fire in the Hurt, great pieces of Ice and Snow fell
in their Beds , which never happened before; but ftill
the Nights were equally cold.
The 18th Wood growing fcarcc , they made a Coal
fire, taking care not to itop up the Chimney ; by which
means they were free from the inconveniency that annoy’d
them before: They were as good Husbands of the Sea-
coal as of Wood, and rather better, becaufe they were
now in hopes of embarking again in their litpie Ships
without Decks', where they (hould want a Coal-fire.
At the fame time they were oblig'd to leffen every Mans
proportion of Bisket, partly by reafon of the confump-
tion they had already made , and partly becaufe the
Tuns did not contain the due weight : Fox-Hunting
was not now fo good as formerly, and their retreat was
a Prognoftick that the Bears were coming again , who
appear’d a little while after.
': The 14. was fine and clear. Hcemskir\, de Veer, and
another took a Walk along the Shoar on the South fide
of Nova 7yembk. De Veer perceiving one fids of the
Globe of the Sun, they returned full of joy to bring
thefe glad Tidings tojlarcht^ and the reft. Barents
who was a skilful Pilot, would not believe it, for ac¬
cording to all computations the Sun could net be feen
till a fortnight after ; the reft affured him they faw it,
and that difpute made them lay a Wager they were
right.
On the 15. and 26. there was fo great a Fog , that
they could not fee one another, fo that thofe that laid
the negative Wager thought they had won, but the 27.
the Weather being clear, the whole Ships Company
faw the whole Circle of the Sun upon the Horizon,
from whence it was concluded , that they had feen a
part of it the 24th of the fame Month.
However that difeovery being contrary to the opini¬
on of both Ancient and Modern Writers, and as fome
pretend, to the Courfe of Nature, and being inconfiftent
with the rotundity of the World, they thought many
would be of the opinion that they were miftaken, al-
v- 1 ledging
;to find a Pajjage to China, &c.
edging, that fince they had been fo long without feeing
Xry-light, they had not kept an exad account of the
;inumber of the days, but had skipt fome over in Bed,
39

in their Sleep; and in fine, that by fome accident or

Mother,there was abfolutely an Error in their Calculation.
4 But being certain of what they had feen, to con¬
vince the World of it, they fet down every thing in
^writing. They faw then the firft time the Sun in Aqua¬
rius, in 5 Deg. ir, Min. and according to their former
^Computation, it fhould havebeen in the 16 Deg. 27 Min.
Jbefore it could appear in the Latitude of 7 6 Deg. where
they were.
: Thefe things fo contradidcry one to another, caufed
ijBiore admiration, though they were almoft fure they
• were not miftakcn in the Calculation of time. They
.{kept an exad Journal of all that happen’d day by day,
■'-without skipping one. and always look’d on their Watch-
. es, and when their Watches were out of order, made
ufe of the 12 hours Glafs.,
■s However they ftuiied to reconcile what appear’d fo
■^contrary, and to difeover the truth about the Computa¬
tion of time. They examined the Epbemerides, or A-
ijftronomical Tables of Jofepb Scale, primed at Venice,
a which begin in 1589, and continued to 160a; wherein
lihey found that on the 24th of January, the fame day
they faw the Sun, the Moon and Jupiter were in con-
jundlion at one of the Clock in the Morning at Venice.
Upon this Remark, they were curious in obferving
what hour of the Night thefe two Planets fhould be in
conjundion at the place where they then were, and
found they were in conjundion five hours later than at
Venice, that is to fay, about fix in the Morning; by
this they perceived, that thofe Planets ftill approach’d
to one another till about fix in the Morning, and then
were in Conjundion, the one being dircdly above
the other in the Sign Taurus. This Conjundion
was exadly according to the Compafs, North-North-
Eaft, and the Meridian of the Compafs was South-
South-Weft, the Moon being then eight Days old, by
which it appear’d,that the Sun and the Moon were eight
Rumbs diftant one from another.
The difference then between the place where they
were and Venice, were five hours in Longitude; and
f'ljpofing that, one may eafily reckon how much fur-
D 4 ther
40 The Third Voyage of the Dutch j
tiler they were to the Eaft than Venice, vi^. five hours,
every hour being 15 Deg. which makes 75 Deg. whence
it appear’d they were not miftaken in their calculation;
for by thefe two Planets, they found the true Longi¬
tude, Venice lying in 37 Deg. 23 Min. Longitude, and
the Declination being 46 Deg. 3 Min. it follow’d, that
the Hutt in Nova Zambia, was in in Deg. 25 Min.
of Longitude, and 76 Deg. of Latitude. All which Cir-
cumftances we put down, to convince the World there
was no Error in their Calculation.
As to the difference of time which was 15 days, that
they faw the Sun in Nova Zambia, fooner than it fhould
have appear’d, we leave that to the Differtation of the
Learned.
The fame day Jan. 26th, one of the Seamen who
was lick and very weak, dyed about Midnight. The
ijth they made a Grave in the Snow feven foot deep,
and buryedhim. In digging it the cold incommoded
’em fo much, that they were forc’d to relieve one ano¬
ther. The 317? was a very fair day,the Sun lliining very
glorioufly.
Feb. till the <jth it was very cold and ftormy, which
was a great affliction to ’em, becaufe they had made no
provifion of Wood, upon the profped of better Wea¬
ther. The Hutt was again furrounded with Snow,
which fell as thick as ever, befides a great Fog; in this
pinch when they were neceffnacedto go out, they were
not at the trouble of clearing their Door as before, but
crept out at the Chimney, and thofe who could not pafs
that way, did their needs within Doors.
On the 8th the Weather prov’d fairer again, the
Sun rofe at Soutb-South-Eaft, and fet at South-South-
Weft, according to the Meridional leaden Dial, which
they had fet up in that place, which differ’d a little
from their ordinary Compafs.
The 13th they clean'd their Traps, and while they
were about that Work, a great Bear came towards the
Hutt, whereinto they all run in great haft. One of the
Seamen fhot her in the Breaft, and the Beaft having
leapt very high, fell down twenty or thirty Paces off
the Hutt. She was alive ftill when they came to her,
and held up her Head, to fee in a manner who had
Wounded her.

The
 to find the Paffage to China, &c.
The Seamen who had feveral times try’d the ftrength
of thofe favage Beafts, killed her prefently with two
Musket-lhots; then they ripe open her Belly, and ha¬
ving taken out about hundred pounds weight of Far,
they melted it to burn in their Lamps, for they had
been without Light in the Night-time a pretty while.
The Bears skin was 9 Foot long, and 7 Broad.
On the i <)tb they had no more Wood to burn, and
the Weather continued very cold. In this extremity
they went up and down to gather pieces of wood and
flicks to warm themfelves; but the nd the Weather
growing milder, they went out with Sledges to fetch
home Wood, but the ground was fo covered with
Snow, t’was impoffible to find any. However they
went further, and got a few (ticks at laft ; but with fo
much pains and fatigue, that they could hardly reach
the Hutt again, the cold was fo exceflive.
j Coming near the Hutt, they faw the Sea open in fe¬
veral places, which comforted them, in hopes of a fpec-
dy departure.
On the a8//j ten of them went again to fetch Wood,
the eleventh could not help them, having loft his great
Toe by the cold; but they had nalefs Fatigue in this
laft Journey, than in the other.
March the 8th, there was no more Ice to be feen in ,
the Sea on the North-Eaft fide, which made ’em think
there was a vaft Sea to the North-Eaft of them.
The <jth they faw farther, and difeover’d that the
Sea was all open to the North-Eaft ; but on the fide of
Tartar? they faw Ice, whence they infer’d, that the Sea
on that fide was but narrow, they imagined alfo than
they faw Land, when the Weather was fair.
On the id,th the Wind was at Eaft-North-Eaft, but
fo high, and fo extream cold, that the Sea froze as hard
as ever; and the Seamen who had indifferently well
recover’d their Health, relapfed again. And from that >
very day the cold grew harder, and more unfufferable '
than before. An accident fo unexpected difheartned
the whole Ships-Crew fo much, that they loft all hopes
of returning to their own Country.
April the 6th, in the Night-time a Bear came to the
Hutt, and they attempted to kill her, but the Fog was
fo great that they mifs’d her, and befides that Misfor¬
tune , their Gunpowder was fo wet it would not take
 The Third Voyage of the Dutch
fire. The Bear came down' the Snow fteps to the
Door of the Hutt, and attempted to get in ; but the
Matter held the Door fo faft, that the Savage Beaft
, went away. It returned again about two hours after,
and getting upon the top of the Hutt, made fuch a
dreadful noife, that they were all terribly frightned.
Afterwards (he got to the Chimney, and made fuch
ftror.g efforts to pull it down, that they fear’d Hie would
pull it down at laft. However, flic tore the Sail in
pieces that was put about the Hutt, and fo lheer’d
off.
The 8th and 9th the Wind being at South-Weft, the
Ice went quite away ; but on the 10th a vehement
, Norrh-Eaft-Wind brought it in again in fuch great heaps,
that the Sea was covered with it, efpecially towards the
Shoar. '
That terrible cold lafted till the x 5th, and then the
Seamen went on board to view the Ship, and found
her in the fame condition as formerly. Returning to
..their Hutt, they faw a Bear coming towards them, but
putting themfelves in a pofture of Defence, the Bear
retired. They advanced to the place whence (he came,
to fee whether they could find a Cave, but found only
a great hole in the Snow about five or fix Foot deep,
narrow at the entry, and broad within.
Going afterwards to the Sea-fide, they faw the Sea
cover’d all over with Heaps and Rocks of Ice, fo Ar¬
tificially difpos’d, that one would have been tempted
to think they were Houfes of fome great City, adorn¬
ed with Towers, Steeples, Baftions and Walls. Seven
of them on the 1 ■jtb went to view the Ship again, and
feeing the Water open, ventured to go from one piece
of Ice to another, till they came to the Water, which
they had not done in fix or feven Months before. Then
they faw a little Bird diving into the Water, which
made them believe the Water was more fpread and o-
pen then formerly.
The i%th they took the Latitude, vi%. 75 Deg.
58 Min.
May the firft they boiled the reft of their Meat, which
was as good as ever; but when it was boy led, it would
not keep at all.
The id the Wind being at South-Weft, and very
1 igh, it fwept away all the Ice in the main Ocean, and
' " ■' every
 to find a Paffage to China, &c. 43
very one began to talk of embarking, and returning
tiro Holland, after fo long a Stay, and fuffering fo many
dardlkips. The 3d all the reft of the Ice was quite
__arryed away , except what continued about the
jfShip.
1 In the mean while the beft and moft fubftantial part
of their Victuals, fuch as Flclli, Oatmeal, cS'c. failed
hem, at a time when they were in a great neceffity,
>nd wanted ftrength ro undergo fo many Difficulties 3
ind therefore the Mafter diftributed the reft of the Ba¬
ron, of which they had enough for three Weeks, at
;wo Ounces per day for every Man.
May the 4tb, five of them went on board the Ship,
ind found her more furrounded with Ice than ever.
For in the middle of M.vrch, flie was but 7 5 Paces from
:hc open Water, arid now (he was 500. ’Twas cer-
ainly a great Affliction to them, for they knew not
iow to draw the Boar or the Sloop to Sea. One of
the Seamen faw a Bear at the Door of the Hurt, but
file retired as foon as file heard the noife of the Sea-
nen. Thefe Savage Beads now began to be more af-
fraid, and durft not attack the Men as they did at their
firft coming.
On the 5th when the Sun was at the lowed, they
’aw it high enough above-ground. The 7tb and 8rA
the Snow fell lo thick, that they were forced to keep
in their Hurts • and fome of the Seamen propofed to
tell the Mafter, it was time to depart, but none durft
fpeak to him about it; becaufe he had afliired them,
they Ihould not go away before the end of July, hoping
by that time the Ship would get off the Ice, that being
the faired feafon of the Year. The ytb the whole
Ships Company being defirous to fee their own Coun¬
try again, beg'd Barents to fpeak to the Mafter, and
perfwade him to depart; but Barents by giving them
good words, perfwaded them to ftay longer.
The 15f/j Barents being again importun’d by the Sail¬
ors, fpoke to the Mafter, who anfwer’d him, he would
only ftay till the end of this Month, and then if . the
Ship was not off the Ice and able to go, they would
Rig up the Boat and Sloop, and go from hence. This
Refolution extreamly plealed the Seamen, though they
thought the time long; for the Sloop and the Boat
would be a great while in fitting for 3 Voyage, 1
44 The Third Voyage of the Dutch
On the zoth and zijt, the Wind being at North-Ea!
brought in the Ice again; however, every one by ft
Matters confent, began to provide what thing he though
was neceflary for the Voyage. The 23d in.the Afo
noon they took the Latitude, and found it to be jj
Deg. as they had done before. The 26th and z^hi>
fame North-Eaft-Wind continuing brought more let,
and the Seamen laying hold of the opportunity, pref.
fed the Matter to depart, and he gave them leave 10
make ready all neceflary Provifions and Stores.
The 27th ten Men attempted to haul the Boat npj
the Hutt to refit her,. lhe was fo deep in Snow, tk
they had much a do to get her off; and when thatva
done, found themfelves fo weak, that they were n«
able to draw her. This troubled them exceedingly,
for they really thought they Ihould dye at laft in la
place. The Matter encouraged them to try again, fayitf
unlefs they refolved to be Burghers of Nova \embh,ii
be buried there> they mutt Refit the Boat, withoii
which it was impoflible to return into Holland. Till
Exhortation was as ftrong and perfwafive as could be.
But what can the force of Words and Realon doi<
gainft a Phyfical Itnpoflibility ? However, the pool
Seamen being weaktied by their long Pilgrimage, ad
tir’d with hard Labour, could not continue long atit:
Therefore they retted a while, and after Dinner try'J
their ftrength again. They made a hard lhift to tun
the Sloop upfide down on the fide of the Hurt, and tlra
began to refit her.
While they were thus hard at work, a furious Bea
came fiercely towards them; upon which they all ra
into the Hutt, and flood at the three Doors with Guns;
and one of them got up the Chimney with a Musktt
The Bear furioufly advanc’d towards them, and cam
near one of the Doors without being feen by the
that guarded it, who was looking another way; Thai
within feeing her, cry’d out to him to have a cart,
He immediately turn’d his Head, and (hot the Beat
through the Body, which made her prefently run t
way.
Thofe within were terribly frighted when they®
the Bear going to devour that Man ; for if the Priffli»J
had not taken fire, as fometimes it happen’d, he w®
certainly been devour’d; and perhaps the wild heaj
 to find the Pafage to China, &c.
would have alfo got into the Hutt, and done a great
leal more mifchief.
But being (hot quite through, they knew (he could not
go far; and when they faw her fall, they ran out with
Arms, and kill’d her quite ; and having ript up her
Belly, they found Pieces of Sea-Dogs in her which were
notyetdigefted.
The 3or/;, thofe that were able to work in re-fitting
the Bark, went about it; others mended the Sails, and
prepar’d all things neceflary for their Departure.
Another Bear came towards them; but they kill’d
herprcfently. The laft Day of the Month another
Bear approach’d to the Workmen, and forc’d them to
leave their Work, and retire into their Hutt. The
Bear follow’d them; but three Men (hooting at her all
at once, they kill’d her: But it had like to havecoft
hem very dear; for having boil’d and eat her Liver,
they all fell very fick, efpecialjy three of them, who
were in great danger of their Life: But at length they
recover’d, which made the reft very joyful; for the
Lofs of three Men would have been a great Hindrance
to their Return.
Having recover’d their ftrength, Jun. 3. they went
about re-fitting the Boar, which was ready in fix days.
About Evening the Weft Wind blew fo high, that the
Seas were open, and they prepar'd to embark.
The /\th, Eleven of them went to the Boat at the Sea-
fide, and haul’d her to the Ship.
There they left three Men to re-fit the Boat or Bark,
which was but very little and (harp at the Stern, and
therefore they made her broad abaft, and added Planks
to the fides to rife her higher, that (he might the better
endure the Sea.
The reft of the Ships Ctew implod'd themfelves in
die Hutt to get all things ready for their Voyage. That
lame Day they carry’d two Sledges full of Provifions
and other Neceflaries from the Hutt to the Ship, half
way to the place where the Sea was open, that they might
nave lefs Trouble when they (hould Embark.
The 6th, they loaded two Sledges with Provifions and
Merchandize. Afterwards there hapned a great Storm
(tom the South-Weft with Snow, Hail, and abundance
[of Rain, which they had not feen for a long time,
which oblig’d the Carpenters to leave work, and retire
with
 The Third Voyage ofthe Dutch
with all the reft of the Seamen into the Hutt, which
was all in a Flood ; for they had taken away the Boards
to re-fit the little Boats, and left only the Sail to covet
it. Befides the Way to the Hutt, which had been full
of Snow, began to thaw; fo that the Men were forc’d
to put their Leather Shooes on again which they had
thrown away, and gladly to make lliift with them againll
the Water.
The 7tb, they pack’d up the beft and choiceft of their
Merchandize, wrapping them in Skins to preferve them
from Water. . The 8f/> they carry’dthe Packs aboard
the Ship, and the fame day the Carpenters had fitted up
the Bark; and drawn the Sloop to the Ship. The i o.they
made four Turns with the Sledge loaded. They pou¬
red the Wine they haft left into fmall Veflels to diftri-
bute it into the two Boats, that if one ot them, was dos'd
up by the Icc, as probably it would happen, they might
eafily tranfport all things from one to the other, or un¬
load them upon the Ice ro be carry’d off afterwards.
On the i ith there hapned a very great Storm from
the North-North-Weft, which pm them into Fear that
it had broke the Ice upon rhe Sea-fide, ana had fplit
the Ship in pieces, in which they had lodg’d their belt
Provifions and Merchandize, which would have been
the greateft Misfortune ; but God preferv’d them
from it.
The ntb, they went with Axes, Spades, and other
Inftruments, to level a Way thatihty might draw the
two Boats to the Sea. The W.ak was very hard; for
they, were forc'd to break the Ice, to dig, to carry away
the Earth, and indure a great Fatigue ; bur. that which
molt vex’d them, was to fee a huge great Bear coming
from the Main-fea of T art ary upon a Piece of Ice.
None of the Sailors had Arms but the Surgeon who
had a Musket 5 therefore De Far run to the Ship to
fetch Arms.
The Bear who faw him, follow’d him, and would
certainly have overtaken him if fhe had not been (hot.
Being wounded, (he turn’d towards the Ships Crew,
and the Surgeon (hot again, and gave her anodic r Wound.
Then fhe went away bur very llowly, becanfe of the
Unevennefs of the Ice. At laft fhe was fliot in fo ma¬
ny places, that fhe dy’d.
 to find the Tajfageto China, See. 47
The i yb, being a fair Day, the Matter and the Car¬
penter went aboard, and made an end of re-fitting ^
the Boat and the Sloop, which were ready to be
launch’d. The Waters being open, a frelh Sonth-Weft
Wind '’lowing, "he Matter told Barents, who was long
fince fick, that he was refolv’d to Embark, which the
Seamen heard to their great fatisfadlion, and went im¬
mediately to lanch the two Boats.
Then Barents wrote a Journal of their Voyage, with
all the Particulars from Holland to Nova \embla, of
their Abode in that Ifland, and of their Return; and
ftuck it in the Mouth of a Musket, which he hang’d
over the Chimney, that if any body (hould ever come
in that Place, they might read it, and know all their
Adventures.
Now fince their Voyage in the two little Boats would
certainly expofe them to many Dangers; therefore
the Matter wrote two Letters fign’d by all the Seamen,
and laid them up feparately in the Sloop and in the
Bark. The Letters contain’d all their Sufferings and
Hardlhips during their abode in Nova %cmbla, &c. and
that they thought fit to write thofe two Journals, that
if their Boats Ihould be feparatedone from another by
a Storm or other Accident, or if one of them (hould
perifh, they might know by the other every Circum-
ftance of their Voyage, and Abode, as a living Tefti-
mony of what the Seamen could relate.
Having tlius prepared all things, they Hauled the
two Boats to the Sea, and eleven Sledges loaded with
Provifions, Wine, and Merchandize, vi%. fix Packs of
fine Woolen Cloth, a Trunk full of Linnen Cloth, two
Packs of Velvet, two little Trunks full of Money, two
Tuns of all Neceffaries and Stores, thirteen Tuns of
Bread, one of Cheefe, a Barrel of Bacon, two of Oyl,
fix of Wine, two of Vinegar, and the Seamens Cloaths.
All thefe made fuch a lhow when they were taken out
of the Ship, that one would have thought, t’was im-
poflible to embark them all in the two Boats.
AH things being on Board, Barents and another fick
Seaman put on board, and then they figned the two
Journals above mentioned.
In fine, the 14th of June 1597. about fix in the
Morning they weighed Anchor, and failed from Neva
Zambia with a Weft-Wind. They came that day to the
Cape
48 The third Voyage of the Dutch
Cape of Ijlands, where meeting with a great deal of Ice,'
they were furrounded and ftopt by it, and under an
appre’ienfion of never coming off again. Four of them
went a-fhoar to know the Country, and killed four
Birds with (tones. The 15tb the Ice breaking a little,
they doubled the Cape of FleJUngue, and came to the
Cape of Dcfire.
The 16th they failed to the Bland of Orange, and
landed there, and making a good fire melted Snow,
and put the Water in Bottles to drink. Three other
Seamen got upon the Ice into another Ifland, where
they took three Birds; but the Matter who was one
of them, fell in a hole of Ice and was in great danger
of his life by the Rapidity of the Stream. They broil*
ed the Birds for the fick.
Having put to Sea again, and being arrived at the
Cape of Ice, the two Boats met again, and the Matter
faluting Barents, and asking how he did, Barents told
him, he was better, and had no mind to dye yer. Then
he enquired whether they were come to the Cape of
Ice, and being anfwer’d yea, hedefired to be lifted up
to fee it once more, which he had time enough to do
for they were befieged with Ice.
On the i jtb in the Morning the Ice run and ftruck
the two Boats with fo great a noife, that they were all
under a great Confternaiion, and thought of nothing
elfe than Death $ for they imagined it was impoifible
to ftem the Currents of fo ftrong (helves of Ice that
were floating about, nor to avoid being carryed away
with them; for they were fo clofe block’d up between
two (helves, that they bid adieu to one another.
But at laft recalling their Courage, they approached
to the firm Ice in order to fatten the Boats to it with a
Rope; but no body would venture to fatten the Rope,the
danger was fo great: However fince it was fo abfolutely
neceflary to fave their Lives at this laft extremity, Dt
Veer, who was nimbler than all the reft, took the Rope,
and leaping from one flake of Ice to another, got to the
firm Ice, and faftned the Rope to it.
AH the Seamen forfook their Boats, and carried the
fick with them, wrapt up in Sheets, upon the Ice; but
at laft by unlading the Boats, and and hauling therfi o-
ver thrice, they were delivered from the Death which
they thought unavoidable.
 to find the Patfage to China, &C.
49
The 18tb rhey re-fitted the two Boats which were ve¬
ry much damaged by the Ice ; and having found Wood
to melt the Pitch and Tar, they went.after that a Ihore,
to look for Eggs' for the fick, who asked for fome, but
they could find none, and brought only four Birds.
On the iyth rhelce furrounded them worfe than ever.
They faw every where nothing elfe but Ice and no Wa¬
ter, fo that they were quite our of hopes of Deliverance,
any otherwife than by a Miracle. The 20 tithe Mailer’s
Matecame on board the Sloop, and reported that one
of the Seamen was a-dying, upon which Barents told
; him that he could fcarce furvive him ; but the Seamen
I feeing him looking in a Map that was made by De
' Veer, of all the Places they had feen in their Voyage,
j thought he was well enough. They fat by him, and
entertain’d him with feveral Difcourfes, till Barents
laying down the Map, bid De Veer give him fome Drink,
i and having drunk found himfelf very ill, and dyed ,fo'
fuddenly, that they had no time to call the Mafter,
who was then in the little Bark. The other Seamen
dyed immediately after. They were all mightily con¬
cerned at the Death of B.irent^, as a Perfon in whom
they had a great Confidence, he being a judicious Pi¬
lot. and an able Mariner.
The lid the Wind blowing a frefli Gale at South-
Eaft,they faw the Sea open in many places, but were in
great concern how they fliould draw the Boat above 50
Paces over the Ice to the Water, and about 30 Paces
more upon Ice again, before they could be able to fail j
however they did it with a great deal of courage,
and put to Sea between four anti five in the Morning.
About Noon they found Ice again, but in the Evening
it broke like a Since. Then they failed a long the
Coaft, and were again furrounded with Ice, and not-
withftanding all their Induftry, could not clear thern-
’clves from it. At laft the Sea being open, they fleer’d
away to the Weft.
On the 23d about nine in the Morning they came
0 the Cape of Troofl, where they ftay’d a while for
ear of the Ice. The fame day they took their Lari-
ude, and found it 76 Deg. 30 Min. The Sun (hone
nit finely, but was not hot enough to melt the Snow,
BWch annoy'd 'em much, for they had not one drop
>f Water to drink.
E The
 The third Voyage of the Dutch
The ii,th at Noon they got off rhe Ice by the help
of their Oars, and failing into the Main, had a cleat
courfeto the Cape of Najfau, which 'hey law about
three Leagues cff. Three Seamen landed there, and
brought a little Wood to boil feme Pap which they
called Marfommore, to warm their ftomack.
The i^th and i6tb a great Srorm arofe from the
South, which broke the Ice where the Boats were fa-
ftened. The Boats being loofe went to the Main, and
were in danger of being loft, it being impoffible to
draw them to the firm Ice. Seeing they could not
row again-to the (hoar with their Oars, they fleer’d
along the Coalt. The Bark Malt broke twice, which
forced them to make ufe of the ma:n Sailbut it was
hardly put up before the Wind blew fo hard, that if
they had not ftruck it prefently, the Boat had certainly
funk, and the whole Company had been drown'd ; but
it feems their hour was not come, for on a hidden there
arofe a great North-Wind which, produced a calm,
and favoured their courfe to the firm Ice, though ’tv,’a
attended wirh great trouble and danger.
When they were arrived there, they lookt out to try
if they could fee the Sloop, and not feeing it, they
failed through the Ice aborn a League but law nothing,
tfien they began to fear (he was loft. In the mtai
while there arofe a great Fog, which obliged De Vein
Crew to difeharge a Muske:, that the other migk
anfwer if they heard the noife; which they did, and by
that Signal met together again.
The 27th they fleer’d about a League along the We
fterlyCoaftof the Cape of Najfau, where they fawi
long the (hoar more Sea-Cows Hpon the Ice, than they
ever did before, for they were innumerable. They
faw alfo a flight of Birds, and killed twelve of them
The 28tb they unladed all their Goods, and laid then
upon the firm Ice, and alfo hailed their Boars upoi
it, becaufe the Wind coming from the Sea, blew tk
Flakes of Ice towards them with great violence.
As foon as they got to the Ice, they made Teffl
with the Sails, and lay under them to reft themfelvey
having firft polled a Sentinel. About Midnight thrfl
Bears'came to the Boats; the Sentinel feeing them
cry’dout Three Bears, Three Bears: The Seamen wakj
at the Noife, and came out «tf their Tents, with
' ' “ kc«
 to find the Pafiage to China, &c. $i
kts charg’d only with fmall Shot to kill Birds. How-
ever, tho’ this (hot did not wound them, yet it made
them retire a lifle way; upon which they loaded their
Muskets with Bullets, and kill’d one of them. The
other two ran away, but came back again the next day
about Three in the Afternoon to the fame Place where
the Bear was lying dead ; and one of them carry’d
her away in her Mouth a great way off upon the
ice, where both of them fed upon her. The Seamen
perceiving them, (hot off a Musket, and made them
run away. Then four of the Sailors went to the place,
and found the dead Bear was half devour’d in fo lhorc
a time, but admir’d fince (he Was fo big and heavy,
how one Bear could carry her away in her Mouth j
for four of them could hardly lift the reft from the
Ground.
On the 30/6, the Wind being at Weft, blew the Ice
away to the Eaft. They again faw two Bears approa¬
ching upon a Float of Ice, which they took to be the
fame that had vifited them the day before. The Bears *
made at firft as if they meant to attack the Crew ; but
at laft they took another Courfe. About to in the
Morning another appear’d upon the firm Ice, but re¬
tir’d upon their making a Noife.
July the ift, at fix in the Morning, about the Break
of day, they faw another Bear upon the Ice who fwotrl
towards the firm Ice, but return’d when Ihe heard the
Voice of the Seamen. About 9 a-clock fome Shelves
of Ice coming from the Sea, tan with fuch Impetuofity
againft the firm Ice where the Seamen had lodg’d .their
Boats, that they broke the Ice in feveral Pieces, and
fet their Boats a-float. This was a very unhappy Ac¬
cident ; for all the Packs of Goods lay upon the Ice,
I and moft part of them fell into the Water.
Then they Were forc’d to draw the Sloop Over thd
Ice near the Shore where they thought to be iefs incom¬
moded by the Floats of Ice. But having drawn up the
Sloop when they went rofecch the Packs,they ran as great
a rifque as ever; for while they endeavour’d to take up 4 .
Pack,, the Ice broke in two and carry’d away the Pack*
Nay, it broke even Under their Feet; fo that they could
not imagine by what means to fare their Lives*

fi * ?
 The Third Voyage of the Dutch
The fame Difficulty they had about the Boat; for
the Ice broke under them, and they were carry’d away
withhef. She was hurt in feveral Places.efpecially where
file had been mended. The Mali was broken, the
Beam, and the whole Boat was almoft in Pieces. There
was a Seaman lick on board, and they had much ado
to take him out; for the Flakes of Ice floated foltrong,
and hit fo hard againft one another, that they were in
danger every Moment to have a Leg or an Arm broken,
or to lofe their Lives. <
At laft, after much Pains and Fatigue, the Ice broke
a little, and did not run with fuch a Force as before,
Then they return’d to their Boat, and drew her again
upon the firm Ice near the Sloop, that (he might be
more out of danger. That Work lalled from fix in
the Morning till fix in the Evening; and the Labour
was fo hard, that the Seamen were almoft fpent. They
loft that Day two Tuns of Bisket, a Cheftfullof Lin*
^ nen Cloth, a Tun full of Seamens Cloaths and Store!
for the Boats, the Aftronomical Circle, a Pack of Scar¬
let Cloth, a Barrel of Oil, one of Wine, and another
of Cheefe.
July i. about half an Hour paft Four in the After* j
noon, the Weather being fairer, fix Men went a* I
bout re-fitting che Bark, while fix others wentalhore l
to fetch Wood ; who brought alfo Stones, which they
laid upon the Ice to make Fire to melt fome Pitch
and Tar to pitch the Boat. They alfo brought a Piece
of Wood, to make them a Maft, ,and found Tree!
lying upon the Ground with Wedges by them ro
cleave it, which made them believe that fome body
had been there before. The Bark was re-fitted by
Two in the Morning ; after which they roafted fome
Birds they had kill’d, and eat them with a very good
Appetite.
On the 3d, they fent two Men ro fetch in freli
Water, who found two of their Oars, the Whip-
ftaff of the Helm of the Bark, the Trunk full of
Linnen-Cloth, and a Hat. They carry’d with them
as much as they could, and being come back, four o*
ther Seamen went to fetch the reft, and laid it upon the I
Ice till they fail'd.
The 4th was fo fine a Day, that they had not feen j
the like fince they came upon the Coafl; of N«flj
 to find the Pafage to China, &<?.'
Zcmblit; therefore they took this Opportunity to
walh the Pieces of Velvet with Snow Water, which
had been wet by Salt-Water, and then pack’d them
up again. The 5 tb, 'John Harlem dy’d, and the fame
day the Ice began to float again with great Violence. The
7tb they kill’d 13 Birds, and feafted upon them the next
Day
The yth the Ice continu’d to float, and the Waters
were open on the fide of the Land. The firm Ice to
which our Boats were faftned, began alfo to break and
float, which oblig’d the Seamen to draw the Boats 340
Paces and above, into the Water. This was a terrible
Piece of work, that they would never have undergone
but in hopes tofave their Lives. About 7 or 8 in the
Morning they fet fail; but at fix in the Evening they
were forc’d to ftand to the Shore, and to harbour up¬
on the Ice again, which was fteady and firm in that
Place.
The 10th they try’d to make their way through the*
Flakes of Ice, and row’d till they found themfelves be¬
tween two great Surfaces of Ice like large Plains joyn-
ing together at one End. There they were forc’d a-
gain to unlade their Boats, tranfport the Lading, and
draw it themfelves above too Paces upon the Ice, till
they found the Waters open. Then they began to
row again ; but that did not laft long ; for they were
oblig’d to go on foftly to crofs a little Reach of Wa¬
ter between two other Surfaces of floating Ice,
which they row’d through before they met together
again.
Having got dear of that Streight, the Wind was at
Weft, and blew very ftrong a-head ; fo that they
were forc’d to row with all their Strength to reach
the firm Ice, which they did with much ado. Then
they drew their Boats to it, and were almoft fpent
and in Defpair to fee themfelves expos’d to fo many
Dangers every Moment, and oblig’d to undergo fuch
intolerable Difficulties.
The nth a huge fat Bear came towards them ; but
they difpatch’d her with three Musket-ihots; and the
Fat which ran oijt of her Wounds, and fwam upon the
Water, look’d like Oil. Some Seamen ventur’d to go
to her upon a Float of Ice; and having thrown a Rope
about her Neck, they dragg’d her to them, and
E 3 took;
 The third Voyage of the Dutch
took out her Teeth, and found her Body was eight
toot thick.
• After that three Men went into an Ifland right before
them, where they faw on the Weft fide the Ifland of
Crofles. Then they vifited this laft Ifland to try if
they could difcpver any Signs or Marks of the Ruf¬
fians coining there again ; but feeing nothing that they
look’d for, they found about 70 Duck-Eggs, and with
them return’d to their Fellows, after having been u
Hours abfent.
They faid, that going into the Ifland of Crofles, they
were fometimes in Water upon Ice up to the Knees
between the two Ifl.inds, and that they had rravell’d
about fix Leagues going and coming. The reft admir’d
their Courage in doing this while they were in fo
weak a Condition. However, they made altogether
a luirpuous and a joyful Feaft of the Duck-Eggs,
and dimibured the Rem inder of the Wine, each of
them having about five Quarts.
' The 16th another Bear came towards them from the
Shore, which they could hardly perceive, becaufe ihe
was white as Snow ; but upon her nearer Approach
they (hot at her. and fo made her run away. The
next day feme of the Seamen going to the little I-
Hand to (ce if the Waters were open, faw the fame Bear
they had wounded the day before lying upon the Ice,
As foori as (he heard them (he made away ; but one
of them follow’d her, and gave her fuch a fwinging
Blow with a grappling Iren, that the Hook pierc’d
her Skin, and made her fall back upon her hinder
Parts. After that, as he was going to ftrike her again
the Bear broke the Grapples in pieces, ard the Man
fell backward, but was relcu’d from Danger by the
Report of the other Seamens Guns, which made her
runaway. The Man who fell down, ran after her a-
gain, and gave her fo many Blows with the Head
of his Grapple, that he almoft kill’d her. However
Ihe made three Attempts againft him, till his two
Fellows fhot her through the Body, upon which (he
fell upon her Back and could not rile. At laft, the
next Shot made an end of her, and then they pull’d
out her Teeth.
! The i2tb they unladed the Ships, and dragg’d 4them
over the Ice, till they came- to a Place where- the Sea
i;.M . ...... ■: : .■. Was
 to find the Pafage to China, &C. $<;
was open. A'ter that rhey likewife carry’d the Lading
to this Place, wh'ch lay at the diftance of above a
Mile lo grear were their repeated Fatigues, which
they never thought to furmount. However, they put
to Sea again and fail’d till after four in the Afternoon,
at which time they met with Le again, and were
forc'd to make as hard Ihilt as they had done many
times before. Ar laft they plainly perceiv’d the Ifland
of Crolfes about a League diftant from them.
On the 19</i, while the two Boats and the Seamen
were upon the Ice, fcvcn of the Men went about fix in
the Morning into the Iflind of Crolfes, where they
faw the Sea open in feveral Places on the Weft fide j
1 which caus’d fo great Joy amongft them, that
I they made all the hafte in the World to carry the •
l good News to their Fellows. They took along with
1 them about roo Eggs, which Were diftributed among
I the other Crew.
About two in the Afternoon they went to work
tc get the Velf'ls ready,'and were forc’d to draw them
above 170 Paces to the Water. Then they put to Sea
again, and had fo fair a Coarfe, that at fix in the E-
vening they pafs’d the Ifland of Crolfes, and foon after
they faw no more Ice to fpeak of. They fail’d Weft-
South-Weft with a very fair Eaft-North-Eaft Wind,
failing ten Leagues in 24 Hours, which gave them
great Encouragement that God would blels them with
a fafe and fpeedy Return.
The 20th, about 9 in the Morning they doubl’d the
Bhtck.Caps, and about 6. in the Evening, faw the I-
fland of Amirante, which they pafs’d about Midnight.
There they faw above 200 Sea-Cows upon the Ice,
a Bank of Ice by which they pafs’d, and drove them
from it, but repented it afterwards. For rhefe Bealls
being of an extraordinary Strength, fwam, towards
the Ships as if they would have attack’d them, and
made a very threatning Noife. But the Wind being
high, the Ships fail’d too fall for them ; and fo the Men
were deliver’d from a Danger that their own Impru¬
dence hadoccafior.’d.
On the lift they doubl’d the Capes of Planch and
Lang'Cne^. The lid, being near the Cape of Cant,
DtVe'er landed to get fome Eggs and Birds, but found
none. About Noon they lleer’d towards a Rock that
E 4 was
$6 The Third Voyage of the Dutcfu
was cover’d with Birds, and kill’d 22 of them with
Stones, and one of the Crew landing upon the Rock,
brought away 23 Eggs.
About 3. in the Afternoon they came to another
Cape, where they took 125 Birds out of their Nells
with their Hands; for they were not afraid of Men,
tho’ douhtlefs they fear’d Foxes and other Wild Beads,
and for that Reafon netted,on fteep Rocks. There
was but one Egg in every Nett, which was upon the
Ground without either Straw, Feather, or any thing elfe
to heat them in fuch cold Weather.
Havingfail’d to the Main, the Wind turn’d quite a-
gainft them ; befides the Sea was fo cover’d with
Ice, that after much Pains and Labour, they were at
iaft furrounded with it. The Matter who was in the
laft Bark feeing the rett in the middle of the Ice,
thought they had feen the Sea open further off, and had
a Mind to reach it, which made him fleer towards
them, and fo they got together to the Coaft, where
they found a good Harbour Shelter’d from the Wind;
and landing there, goc fome Wood to boil their
Birds.
The 23d the Weather being cloudy and foggy, and
the Wind at North, they were forc’d to continue in
that Bay. Some of the Seamen went further into the
Ifland, and found fome little Gold Stones. The 24/®
they took the Latitude, and found it 73 Deg. 10 Min.
The Wind continuing contrary, they could not get
out of that Place, and therefore went again to feek fot
the Gold S ones, and found fome that were finer than
thofe they found before.
The 16 th at Noon they put to Sea again ; but the
Bay was fo large, that ’twas Midnight before they got
clear of it. The 27f/> they row’d along the Coaft thro'
the broken Ice, and at 6 a-clock at Night met with
a rapid Current, which made ’em think they were
near Coftinf.vcb ; for they then defery’d a great Gulph
that they imagin’d to reach to theSea at Tart ary. About
Midnight they doubl’d the Cape of Croffes, and entred
a Channel that lay between the Continent and an I-
Band.
The 28th they coafted along, and about 3. in the
Afternoon came to the Bay of St. Lawrence under the
Cape of Bailiau, where beyond the Point they found
• ■ • ' ' two
 %7
two (mill Ruffian Boats at Anchor. ’Tis impoflible
to imagine how they rejoic'd to fee Men in that Place.
But their Joy was much abated, when they confider’d
that thofe Men perhaps might be Savages, or fiich as
would look upon ’em as Enemies.
However, they went a Ihore with extream Difficulty.
As foon as the Ruffians faw ’em coming they left their
VVork and came to ’em without any Weapons; and
approaching near, they faluted one another with great
Civility. Some of the Rtijfians knew the Dutch again,
and could not but look upon them with Compaflion:
TheDtttch alfo knew them to be fome of the famePerfons
whom they had leen in the laft Voyage. The Ruffians were
amaz’d to fee ihzDutchmcn fo lean and poor, in fuch fmall
open Boats, whom before they had feen in a great and
fine Ship well accoutr’d.
Two of’em clapt the Matter and DcVcer very fa-
| miliarly upon the Shoulder to let them underftand they
had not forgot them ; for of all the whole Ships Com¬
pany, there was only‘two of them that had' made
the laft Voya'ge when they faw the Ruffians. They
inquir'd of ’em what was become of their fine Ship.
The Dutchmen made ’em anfwer by Signs, that fhe
was loft in the Ice. What, reply’d they, is fhe loft?
Yes, faid the Dutchmen, we have loft her.
Then the Rtiffans put ’em in mind of the good Wine
they drunk in that Slup. One of the Seamen under-
ftanding that they talk'd of Drink, fetch’d fome Water
and prelented to them to drink ; but they (hook their
Heads, faying No dome, that is to fay, Not good. The
Matter opening his Mouth to (hew them he was very
lick of the Scurvy, ask’d them whether they knew
any Remedy for it; buc they thought he made Signs
that he was hungry, and therefore went to their Boar
and brought him a Loaf of Rye-Bread and fome
fmoak’d Birds; for which the Matter gave ’em thanks,
and prefented ’em with a dozen of Biskets. After this,
he invited two of the leading Men among’em to go
on board his Bark, and then gave to each of them a
.Glafs of the fame Wine they had drank before. The
other Seamen went along with the reft of the Ruffians,
and boil'd fome Biskets in Water fpr the Benefit of fome
Warm Food. In fine, they were extreamly pleas’d to
converfewith Men, fincein thirteen Months time they
fad feen no Humane Creature. ' The
 The Third Voyage of the Dutch
f The 29tb in the Morning the tytffim got ready and
ejnbark’d fome Tuns of Whale-Oil, which they had
bury’d under Herbs in the Froth of the Sea. The
Dutch, who knew not what Courfe they would fteer,
row perceiv’d they were bound for the PVcigats, and
therefore follow'd them. But the Weather prov’d fo
Dark and Foggy, that they foon loft the fight of them.
However, the Dutch got 'into a Channel between
two Iflands, and fail’d by them till the Ice furroundcd
them again,and they could fee no openWaters to get off;
which perfuaded them they were not far from fVeigati,
and that the North-Weft Wind had carry’d the Ice into
the Gulf: Therefore they were forc’d to fail back again
to the two Klands. and bring their fmall Veflels to An¬
chor at one of them.
The 3iff they row’d from that Ifland to another,
where they found two Crofles, which made them hope
they fhould find fome Men ; but they faw none. Here
they found an Herb call’d Cochlearia, Scurvy-Grafs,
which is efteem’d good againft the Scurvy, that being
the Difeafe, with which they were all fo afflidted, that
they were even at Death’s Door. They eat of this
Herb very greedily, and found it fuch a Sovereign
Remedy againft that Diftemper, that in a (hort time
they were all cur’d, and fo fuddenly, that thofe who
a while before could not eat Bisket, now fed upon it
heartily.
Auguft the 3d, 1597. they confulted together whether
they fhould crofs from Novu Zambia into ; and
having a creed on rhar Courfe, they turn’d to the South-
South-Weft, and fail’d till fix in the Morning, when
they unhappily met with Ice again, which was a great
Grief to ’em, becaufe they thought they had been de¬
liver’d from that kind of Danger for the future.
The Weather being calm, they ply’d their Oars very
hard to get clear of it; and about 3. in the Afternoon
got into the Main, and faw no more Ice. Having a
good Paflage,' they thought themfelves very near the
Coaftof Hujji.t. Butabour 9. at Night they were a-
gain furrounded with Ice, which made them delpairof
ever being deliver’d from it.
Being now unable to fail with the Sloop, or double
the Cape of Ice, they were forc'd to row through the
Ice that was round about them. When they got into
;• ‘the
 to find the Pafage to China, &c. 59
the middle of it, they advanc’d eafier than before. At
laft, after a World of trouble, they got into open
Water; and the Matter being in the Sloop, which was
a better Sailer than the Bark, doubl’d the Cape of Ice,
[and then re-join’d the other.
I The 4th about Noon they faw the Coaft of RitJJia,
and failing near it, row’d to the Shore, and tarry’d there¬
at Anchor till 3. in the Afternoon, at which time they
put to Sea. They always fteer’d along the Coaft, and
fail’d pretty eafily till Midnight, at which time they
faw a Rtijfan Veflel, to which they call’d out Candnoes,
Candnoes; but the Rtiffans anfwer’d Pitqora, Pitqora,
to make the Dutchmen underftand they were not yet
near Candnoes, as they thought, but were upon the
Coaft of Pit^ora. The Variation of the Needle of the
Compafs, which was (hut up in a Box bound with Iron
Hoops, made them guilty of that Miftake; and there¬
fore feeing their Errour, they caft Anchor, and waited
for Day-light.
On the •yth, a Seaman landing, found fome Grafs and
little Trees, and call’d to his Companions to come to
him and bring their Guns with them, for there was
good Fowling; at which they mightily rejoic’d ; for
they had no kind of Victuals except mufty Biskets.
For this Reafon fome of them propos’d to leave their
Veflels there, and to go by Land, for that orherwife
they Ihould be in danger of ftarving.
Aug. the 6th a contrary Wind forc’d ’em to row hard
to get out of the Gulf; but haying row’d about three
Leagues, they were To weak and faint that they could
go no further, the Wind being a-head. Belides, the
Coaft ran more to the North-Eaft than they imagin’d,
and therefore they were forc’d to fatten their Ships a-
gainupon which they were all-mightily difeourag’d,
[in feeing no End oftheirDangers.wbileHungerand Sick-
nefs were ready ro put a Period to their miferable Lives.
The 8th and yth were equally unfavourable.
Some of the Saifors having landed, they faw a 'Mali,
fet up in a dangerous Place between Candnoes and the
Continent of Ruffu, whereupon they concluded that
the Channel lay there thro’ which the Ruffians had
Safs'd-: Returning to their Ships, they found a Sea-Dog
ead and (linking ; but wete lo hungry, that, they
brought it into the Bark with as much Joy as if it had
:- been
 , 7he Third Voyage of the Dutch
been Venizon ; however the reft of the Seamen woul
not fuffer them to eat it, for certainly it would haii
killed them.
On the i ith they row’d till Noon, and the Wind fe
ing then at South, and a frelh Gale, they ran very faJ
About Evening the Wind blowing very hard, thej
row’d towards the (hoar, and landed to take in fo®
frelh Water, if they could find any. There they for
Tents, becaufe it rain’d very hard; and about M
night it Lighrned and Thunder’d extraordinarily,
thefe deplorable Accidents made them wilh a hun
times that an end might be put to their Lives.
The nth at fix in the Morning, feeing a
Veffel failing towards them, they took a little courage
and made haft into the Main to meet them. Thek
fter went on board their Ship, and ask’d them hov
they were from Candnoes, but he could learn not
from them, becaufe he did not underftand their L
guage. They fpread out their five Fingers, which pet
fwaded the Dutch that there was five Crofles upon ikl
Coaft. They alfo fhew’d their Compafs, to let then
know that the Continent was on the North- Weft iidtl
and the Dutch found it fo.
The Matter feeing he could learn no more of t
went further into their Ship, and feeing a Barrel of Fill
asked them if they would fell it, and prefented thei
with a piece of forty pence for it. They underdo!
his meaning, and gave him a hundred and two F
with fome little Cakes boyled in Fi(h-water, an
bout Noon they parted. The Dutch were very
pleafed that they had got fome Provifions, for they h
had but two Ounces of Bread a Day with a little \Vt
ter, for a long time, and now they divided the Filha
equally. . ,
On the 13 th twp Seamen went a (hoar, to fee if tty
could learn how far the point of Candnoes reached
the Sea. At their return they faid, it was the
point they took it for, and therefore row’d witl
their might along the Coaft. About three in the
rernoon, they faw that Cape run to the Southward
doubted not but it was that of Candnoes, whence ity
were in hopes to crofs the Mouth of the White Sea|
and therefore failed clofe to one another into the Man
with intent to pafs the White Sea, and go to Hujfn:
 to find the ?ajfage to China, &c.
they thought. They failed very well, till about Mid¬
night, and then a great florin from the North parted
the two Ships.
The 14/h the Weather clearing up again, they faw
the other Ship, and did what they could to joyn it;
but all in vain, becaufe of a great and fudden Fog.
The 15th they failed with a freih Gale of Wind, and
shout Noon they faw Land, which they thought was
upon the Weft fide of the White Sea, beyond Cand¬
ices.
Approaching the Land, they faw fix Hufftan Veffels
st Anchor, on which they went a-board, and ask’d,
st what diftance they were from Kjldmn : The Bjifli-
tns told them they were a great way from it, being got
so farther than the Eafterly Coaft of Candnoes. Then
they fpread their Arms to make them underftand, they
ivere to crofs the White Sea, and that it was a very
langerous undertaking in fuch fmall Velfels. The
Dutch ask'd them for fome thing to eat, and the RjtJft-
w gave them a Loaf, Which they eat with great Ap-
letite, though the Bread was very hard.
The Dutch underftood very well what the Httjjiant
meant, but they could hardly believe them, for they
ihought they had already pafled the White Sea.
The 16th De Veer failed towards a Velfel
which he had faw before at Stribord, and getting on
board of her not without danger, asked them how fan
be was from fymbla de Coel, or Kjldvcin. The Httjfi-
m (hook their Heads and made him underftand, he
was but at Zambia of Candnoes. But the Dutch would
lot believe them; and having ask’d them fome Vitflu-
ils, the Htjfum: prefented them with fome Plaice,
which the Matter pay’d for with a piece of Silver, and
hen changed his courfe, to crofs a Channel that was
lefore him, and go into the Main:
The Ruffians feeing them fleer a wrong Courfe, and
he Flood being almoft gone, fent two of their Men to
hem in a little Boat with a Loaf of Bread. Thofe
Men made figns of defiring the Dutch to return to their
Veflel, where they would give them fome Inftrudi*
ins. The Matter prefented them with apiece of Silver,
md a piece of Linnen Cloth, but they would not go
Way without the Dutch. The Bpjfutns who were on
board their Veffels held up a piece of Bacon, in hopes
AZ The Third Voyage of the Dutch
that would perfwade the Dutch to return to them;
which at laft they did; and having (hew’d their Map
to the Rtffians, they were anfwer’d, that they were ftill
at the Eaft of the White Sea and Candnoes.
The Dutch were wholly furprized and afflicted at this
report, which before they could not believe ; but now
they were convinced, that they had been deceived in
their Courfe, and very much concerned for their Com.
panions who were in the Sloop.. The Mailer having
lo good an opportunity bought of the Rttffians three
facks of Meal, a Flitch and a half of Bacon, and a
little Barrel of Honey for. his Ships Crew, and thofe
in the Sloop, if ever he fhould be fo happy as to meet
with them again. Then the Flood being quite fpent,
they began to crofs the Channel, and failed towards
the Main, till they faw a huge Cape reaching a great
way into the Sea, which they took for the Cape of
Candnoes. In the Evening they came to an Anchor™,
der the Cape, and boiled a pot of Meal with Watet
and Honey, and made a kind of Hafty-pudding, which
they eat, and thought it admirably good; but were
ftill under great affli&ion for the Sloop, not knowing
What was become of her.
The nth being at Anchor, they faw a Ruffian Veflel
coming from the White Sea, and made to her. When
they tame on board the Ruffian, they were preferited
with a Loaf without asking; and the Ruffians did
what they could to make them underftand they had
feen their Companions, being feven in number in a
Sloop, and had fpoke with them. But the Dutch un-
derftariding nothing of what they faid, the Rtiffmi
fpread feven Fingers, and (hew’d the Bark, meaning,
they had feen the little open Veflel, and that they fold
them Bread, Fifh, Flelh, and other Proviflons. At lalt
the Seamen underftood what they meant, after they
had feen in their hands i little Compafs, which they
knew was the Mailers Mate’s. They ask’d how long
it was fince they faw the Sloop, and where they thought
(he was then. The Ruffians anfwer'd.that they faw her the
day before ; and after this were extreamly kind to the
Dutch, who thank’d them heartily, and efpecially for the
good News they told them of the Sloop. The Bark
row’d with all diligence towards the place where they
conjedut’d theSloop,might be,And having row’d all day
 to find the Pafage to China, &C.
along the Coaft, about Mid-night found frefh Water,
and took in fome of it, together with lome Scurvy-
grals.
The 18th from fix in the Morning they fleered a*
long the Coaft till Noon, at which time they faw a-
nother great Cape with creff.-s on the top of it. A-
bouc fix in the Eveni-g they were certain it was the
Cape of Canimcs, which lies at the Mouth of the
White Sea; for that Cape is eafily known by the fix
crolfes that are at the top of it, and its running on
one fide South-Eaft, and on the other South-Weft.
While they were preparing to fleer to the Weft of
the White Sea, towards the Coaft of Laponia, they
perceived that aim oft all the Water had run out ofone
of their little Casks, which was leaky : And fince they
were to run above forty Leagues before they could find
any frefh Water, they thought fit to land, and take in
fome at this place: But the Sea was fo rough along .
the Coaft, that they durft not attempt to land.
They fet fail again about ten or eleven at Night,
and failed all that Night and next Day with fo'fair a
Wind, that on the loth between four and five in the
Morning, they faw the Land to the Weft of the White
Sea, knowing alfo before by the rearing of the Sea,
that they could not be far from it. It was a Angular
Providence, that in 30 Hours they pnffed the White
Sea, which made 40 Leagues of dangerous Seas.
When they had got upon 'he Coaft, and faw they
could not fail in, they row'd by the Rocks, andcame
into a very good Harbour. There they faw another
fytjfun Veffel at Anchor, su'd a few Houfes upon the
(hoar. They rowed towards the Veffel, and having
S caft Anchor, then they went a-fhoar to the Houfes,
I where the Inhabitants bid them Welcome, concluded
[ them to Stoes to drv their Cloaths, -and gave them
! fome Fith. In thefe Houfes were thirteen Men, who
I went out a Fifhir.g every Morning. Two of them
commanded the reft, who liv’d very foberly, and for
the moft part upon Fiih.
Belides thofe thirteen tjjians, there were two Lapfr
nitnt, with three Women and a Child, who being ve¬
ry poor, lived only upon what the ‘fans could (pare;
and their precarious way of living excited thecompaf-
fion of the Dutch, who upon all orcafions are fenlibly
affe&ed with the mifery of their Neighbours. The
 The Third Voyage of the Dutch
The lift the Mafter boiled fome frefli Fi(h, anil
gave it to the Seamen, who eat it heartily, with Wa.
ter-Pap in ftead of Bread. In the Afternoon going
farther into the Country co get fome Scurvy-grafs, they
faw two Men upon a Mountain, which made them
conjedlure there were more Inhabitants, than at fit(l
they thought for', and thereupon they returned to theit
Bark again. But the two Men they faw, prov’d theit
own Companions that belong’d ro the Sloop, who came
from the Mountain to the Hujjim Boat, to get fome
Provi(Ion. But coming there by chance, and having no
Money about them, they were refolved to give a pair
of their Breeches for. Food, they having two of three
pair one upon another. As foon as they approached
the Veflel, they faw the Bark at Anchor hard by it,
and prefently knew the Company. Their Joy at
meeting was reciprocal, and they eat and drunk toge¬
ther fuch as the Veflel afforded.
The Sloops Crew had run through more danger and
trouble than the Bark, and now both gave thanks to
God that they were met again. The 2id the Sloop
came to them, and they defined the Riijfians to make
them fome Bread, which they did, and the Fiihermen
coming from Filhing, the Mafter bought two Cods of
them, which he boiled immediately.
While they were at Dinner, the Governor of the
Bjifllmj came to vifit them, and prefented them with
a Loaf of Bread. They invited him to eat, he thanked
them, but would not, becaufe it was a Faft-day, and
the Fifh Sawce, was made with Fat and Butter: Nay,
neither he nor his Men would fo much as drink, be¬
caufe the Cup look’d a little greafie.nor would they lend
the Dutch their own Cups, for fear they fliould greafe
them. So fuperftitious are they in the obfervation of
their Fafts.
The 23d the Mafter made a great Prelent of a good
Sum of Money to the Governor, and alfo pay’d him
who baked their Bread, for which he had the hearty
thanks of both.
About fix in the Evening at Higb-Water, the Sloop
and the Bark failed. The 24^ at fix in the Morning
they came to the feven Iflands, where they found a
great many Fiihermen, and ask’d them whereabout Cod
or l\jldmn lay $ the Fiihermen ditetSed them to the
Eafti
 to find the Pajfage to China, &C.:
Eaft, and the Dutch were of the fame opinion. The
Fiihermen threw a Cod into the Sloop, but. the Dutch
could not flay to pay them, becaufe the Wind was
high, and carried the Ship away, and therefore made
figns only of giving thpm thanks, and admiring their
Civility.
About fix in the Evening they met more Fiihermen
who row’d ro them, and enquired Where their Crabble
or Ship was: The Dutch made anfwer, Ihe was loft,'
and the Fiihermen cryed out in their Language, Cool
Btaboufe Crabble, which the Dutch took to import,'
that there was fome Dutch Ships at Cool Or Cola.
On the 2rjth about Noon they law Xjldmh, and in
| two hours time the made the Southerly end of that
Ifland. The Mafter went prefently a-lhore, where he
found five or fix Houfes of Lapponians; of whom h?
enquired if it was not the Ifland of Kjldtvin : they an-
fwer’d yes, and gave them to know, that there was
three Dutch Ships at Cola, two of which had appointed
to fail that day: ' . '
Upon this they fee fail between four and five in the
Afternoon, with a defign to reach tVardhuys; but the
Wind blew fo ftrong, that it was impoflible to bear
fail in the Night. So they were forced to go behind
two Rocks, and get alhoarj where they found a lit¬
tle Houfe, and going to it, faw three Men who re-:
ceived them very kindly: who being ask’d to diredt
them to a Ship that was bound for Holland, gave them
i the fame anfwer as before, that three Dutch Ships were
i at Cola, two of which were ready to fet fail.
Then they asked them to go with them to Cola by
Land, offering to pay them very well for their pains 3
but they excufed thetnfelves, and faid, they could not
i do it. However, they conduced the Mafter and Sea-
! men beyond a Mountain, where they met With other
, Lapponians, who promifed to be their Guides for two
'piece's of Eight. Accordingly one of the Lapponians took
a Gun in his hand, and the Seaman being only arm’d
with a Grappling-hook, went along with him.
The 16th they drew the two Ships upon the fhoaf,
and unladed the Goods to air them, and afterwards,
went to vrfif the Rttffmns, in whofe Houfes they warmed
thomfelves, boiled what they had to eat, and triade
wo Meals a Day, riot doubting but they ihoutd find
F ri»#‘
 The Third Voyage of the Dutch
now and then Provifion enough in their Voyage. Here
they drunk Lome Riiffian Liquor made with dale and
mufty Bread, which they liked pretty well, after ha¬
ving for fo long a time drunk nothing elfe but Wa-
ter. Some of the Seamen trayelling further into the
Country, found a fort of fmall fruit of the colour of
Slogs or purple Currants; of which they eat, and liked
theffi very well, and found them very good againft the
Scurvy.'..-'
The' 19th they faw the Lapponian upon a Moun¬
tain coming towards them, but without the Seamen,
whom he guided to Cola. They were furprized, and
in fear for him. But the Lapponian being arrived,
gave a Letter to the Matter, who upon reading it,
found that he that wrote it was extreamly furprifed at
his coming thither, for he had long fince given them
up for loft ; but now was glad to hear of their return,
and that he would come to them in a very fhort time
with all forts of Provilions. The Letter was figned,
Jean Cornelit^ l\eep.
. Such agreeable News mitft needs be received with
gi eat Joy. They pay’d the Lapponian very generoufly,
and belides gave him a pair of Breeches, Stockins, and
other Cloarhs. It is incredible to think how faft the
Man run, for they were two Days and two Nights
in going thither in Company, but the Lapponian came
back alone in 14 Hours. The Seamen took him fora
Wizard. He prefented them with a Partridge he had kil¬
led in the way.
The 3of/o they were all impatient to know who this
Joan Cornelit% was, who wrote the Letter. Some¬
times they thought it was he who had fet out along
with them ; but they could not imagine he was alive,
and he was of rhe fame opinion concerning them. The
dangers he had run, and the difficulties he had under¬
gone, leemcd greater than theirs, and therefore they
concluded he was certainly Dead. Ac laft the Mailer
finding a Letter he had formerly received from that
Jean Cornelits', and obferving that it was the fame
hand with th.s, he made no doubt, but that he was
ftill alive.
' Soon after they faw a little IJiJftan Veflel rowing to¬
wards .the Coaft, and upon its arrival found it war
Cornelit^, with the Seamen they had lent to Cola; -andj
nowl
 to fincl a Tafiage to China, &c. 6y
now the Joy was inexpreffible on both fides. Corne¬
lia brought with him a Tun of \ufios Beer, fome
Wine, Bacon, Salmon, Sugar, and other good Pro-
vifions. Airlift lift they got ready to fail to Cola,
and having given the fytjft.ins thanks, and pay’d for
their Accommodation, they put to Sea at high'Water,
about Midnight. * - e .
Sept, ift about fix in the Morning, they, arrived
at the Weft fide of the River of Cola, upon'which'they

I
failed and rowed till about Midnight. The 2d they
continued their courfe up the River, and a long the
Shoar, and having the pleafure of feeing Trees, thoughc
they were in another World, for they had feen none
upon any other thoar. Between feven and eight in
the Evening, they joyned Cornelit^ his Ship, and the
two Companies regal’d one another very joyfully, for
thofe with Cornelit^ had been in the laft Voyage with
; the fame Mafter. Towards the Evening they arrived at
Col.t ;and next day having unladed their Ships,they went
: alhoarto refrelh themfelves, and recover a little Strength
after fo many Fatigues, that they might be the better
, able to fail to Holland. The 2d they got leave of
] the Governor, who was fent thither from the Grand
; Duke of Mttfcovy, to convey their fmall Ships to the
\ Merchants Exchange, or publick Ware-houfe : which
they left there , as confecrated in eternal memory
; fo long and dangerous a Voyage through an un-
lown Courfe ; which they perform’d in little Boats
ithouc Decks, for above 400 Leagues a long' the
oaft and in the main Sea.* This adventure fo amazed
is Inhabitants of that Town, that they could hardly
elieve it.
The 15tb of the fame Month, they went down the
iver in a Boat, to go on board Cornelit% his Ship,
Inch lay half a League off the Town ; and in the
fterncon the Ship failed down the River beyond the
treight. The i3tb they got out of the River, and
ood to the Main, in order to go for Holland. The
ext day about fix in the Evening, they arrived before
VarUmys, where they call: Anchor, becaufe Cornelit%
'as to take fome Goods aboard at that place.
OBob. the 6tb, about Evening they weighed Anchor,
nd the 29tb of the fame Month arrived in the Meufe,
aving the Wind at Eaft-Norrh-Eaft, The next day
F 1 they
 Sevesal other Attempts
they travelled by Land to Maefland Sluys, to Delft, te
Harlem, and the firft of November came to Amflerdem
with the fame Cloaths they had when they failed to
Neva fymbla. They went to Peter Haflelaars Houfe,
who was one of the Directors for the City of Am-
fterdam, that had fitted out the two Ships commanded
by Cernelit\ and their Mafter.
Ail Mankind being furpriz’d with the return of thefe
Men, after the looling of their Ship, it made a great
noife in the City ; and the Chancellor of the King of
Denmark, then Embalfador in Holland, hearing of it,
had a great curiolity to fee them. To give him that
fatisfadion, the Scout of Amflerdam with two other
Lords went to fetch them ; and {he Seamen being
brought before the Embalfador, and the Burgo-Ma-
(lers of Amflerdam, made a lhort Relation of their
Voyage, and retired. They were twelve in number,
' and their charges were defray’d till their accounts were
ftated, and their Wages paid.

Other Voyages in quefl of a paffage to China |

bj the North.

THE lad attempt having no better fucccfs than

-*■ firft, the Diredors thought fit to make another El-
fay in order to difcover a, pafiage to China, by tie
North or North-Weft. To this end the laft day of
March 1609. they fee out Henry Hudfen, a famous and
expert Engiifh Mariner, with a Fly-boat with all forts
of Provifions, and twenty Englifh and Dutch-men for
her Equipage.
Henry Hudfon failed from the Texel April the
1609, and doubled the Cape of Norway the fifth of
May. Afterwards he failed towards Nova Tfnnbk a-
long the Northerly Coafts ; but found the Sea 6
full of (helves of Ice, that he had no hones of going
through it that year. Some of his Seamen who had
' been in the Eafi-bidies could not endure the Cold, and
therefore quarrelled with the reft, fame of which w®
Englifh, and others Dutchmen,
h«4»
 to find the North Vajfage.
Httdfon propofed two things to them, firft to go to¬
wards the Coafts of America in the Latitude of 40
Deg., trailing to fome Maps fent him from Virginia
by a Captain of a Ship called Smith ; in which he had
mark’d down a Sea, affording a PafTage round about
their Plantations, and from thence into the South Sea.
If that Difcovery had been as true as experience ihew’d
it to be falle, it would have been very advantageous
to them, and have Ihortened their way to the Eafi-
InHies.
The other thing Budfon propofed to them, was to
find a palfage through the Streight of Davis, which
was generally approved. So the 14^ of May they fail¬
ed that way, and the laft day of the fame Month, ar¬
rived at the Ifland of Faro, where they flay’d 24
hours to take in freih Water. Afterwards they failed
till the 18r/j of July, and came upon the Coaft of new
France in 24 Deg., where they landed to buy a new
Mail, having fprung their former. The place was ve¬
ry proper to catch Cods in, and to traffick Skins and
Furrs with good advantage .- But the Sailors treated
the People of that Country very ill, and took away
their Goods by force, which caufed many Quarrels.
The Bnglijh who were not the ftouteft, had a mind
to go farther accordingly they failed to the Main till
the 3d of Augufl, that they came to the Latitude of
42Deg. Afterwards they failed in the Main till rhziztb
of the fame Month, when they landed in the Latitude
of 37 Deg. three Quarters. Then they fleer’d along
the Coaft, till they came to 80 Deg. three Quarters,
where they found a good Channel between two Capes.
Being got in, they faw the fineft River in the World,
which was very broad and deep, with a firm bottom.
At laft the Ship anchor’d in 42 Deg- 40 Min., but
the Sloop went higher up the River. On the flioar
they met with very ftrong, able bodied Men, but they
were Savages. A little farther they found others that
were more civiliz’d, of whom they bought Provifions,
Skins, Furrs, and other Merchandize. The Country
had plenty of Birds in it, good Fruits, and red and
white Grapes. They traffick’t with them, and found
they were fair Dealers. Having failed up the River
about 50 Leagues, they went back the 4tb of Oclob. and
flood to the Sea. They would have done their bufi-
F 3 nel$
70 A Defcription of Siberia.
nefs berter, if the Seamen had been well affedtcd to
it, and had not wanted Neceifaries. When they were
at Sea, they confulted what they had belt to do, but
were of different Opinions. The Mailer’s Mate a
Dutchman, was for Wintering in Newfcund-La>/d, and
fceking out Daiti Palfage to the North-Weft. Hudfon op-
pofcd it, fearing that his Ships Company, who had
thiearned him before, would, take an opportunity to
Mutiny again, and that the cold Weather would con-
fume their Provifions, and put them into an impoflibi-
lity of returning into Holland, many of the Seamen be-
ing then fick: However, none fpoke a word of re¬
turning into Holland but the Mailer, which made him
the more fufpedled. But notwithftanding all this, the
7th of November they arrived at Dartmouth in England,
and gave advice of it to the Directors in Holland, fend¬
ing them alfo a Journal of their Voyage. Hudfon of¬
fered to go again to difeover the Palfage through the
North-Weft, provided they would give him five hun¬
dred Livers in Money, more Provifions than they had
before, and the fame Wages. He propos’d too, that the
Provifions which were already in the Ship, Ihould not
be taken out, that they Ihould change feven Men of the
Company, and be twenty Men ftill, that he would fail
from Dartmouth the firft of March, fpend the Month of
April, and half of May in killing Whales, and other
Creatures near the Itland of Panar ■ after that fail to
the North-Weft, and ftay there till the middle of Sep¬
tember, and at laftireturn into Holland, by the North-
£aft of Scotland.

Though it is not the bufinefs of this Journal, to

give a full account of the North Country’s, yet
We thought it proper to infert a Defcription of
Siberia, Samoieda, and Jingoefia, taken from the
Mufcovites Writings, purfuant to the Difcoveries
and Voyages they made in thofe Countries;
together with an account of the Roads, Rivers,
and Cities, as far as Great Tart ary.

There is a fort of People in Mufcovy, who call them-

felves the Children of Aniconius or Anica, and pretend
to be defended from a Boor of that name. This Man
was very rich, and lived near the 'River of Wifogda,
Which
! A Defcription of Siberia. 7i
which empties it felf into the Dvina; and the Dvina af¬
ter having run about a hundred Leagues, empties it
felf into the White Sea, near the City of Archangel,
or St. Michael the Archangel.
\ Anica had many Children, and might have left them
very rich, with what he was already Matter of; but
: was fo unfatisfied, that he could not refill the tempta-
i tion of growing richer. He had a mind to know in
| what Country certain People dwelt, who came thither
; every year to traffick with the Mufcovites, and brought
; with them very fine Skins, and feveral forts of other
I Merchandize. They fpoke a foreign Language. Their
; Cloaths, their Religion, and their Manners, were quite
! different from thole of the Mufcovites. They were cal-
: led Samoieds, and fometimes by other names.
The Samoieds .came down the River Wifogda every
. year, and traffickt with the Rttffians and the Mufcovites
\ in the Cities of Ofoil and Vftinga upon the Dvina, which
1 at that time were the Store-Houfes of all the Com¬
modities, but efpecially of the Furrs.
Anica was defirous to know from whence this Peo¬
ple came, and to be acquainted with the fituation of
their Country, thinking by that means to enrich him-
felf extreamly by the Furrs they ufed to bring thither.
With this view he treated privately with fomeof them,
and coming to a conclufion, fent twelve of his Ser¬
vants and Slaves along with them, charging them to
make an exadt obfervation of the places they fhonid vi-
fit, the Peoples way of Living, their Manners, Habi¬
tations , and generally the condition of the whole
Country, that they might be able to give him a true
and perfedt account of all things at their return.
Anica s Servants very dutifully performing their Ma¬
ilers commands came back, and gave him a true and
fatisfadlory account of what they had feen; whereupon
he commanded them not to acquaint any Pcrfon with
it, and that he might the better oblige them to Secre¬
cy, he ufed them very kindly.
The next Year he fent more Servants into the fame
Countrey, and fome of his Relations, giving them fe¬
veral Commodities of little or no Value, as Glafs-
Vfares, fmall tinkling Bells, and other inconfiderahle
German Wares. Thefe Men alfo enquir’d into all
things as the others had done the Year before, and tra-
F 4 veil’d
yi A Defcription of Siberia.
yell’d as far as the River Oby, and crofs’d many Ri,
vers and Wilderneffes, which are very common in
that Countrey. They dealt very uprightly with the
Samoiedj, con traded Alliance with feme of them,
and by thefe Arts came to know that Furrs were migh¬
ty cheap there, and that by this Trade it was no hard
Matter to grow Rich in a Ihort time.
They took a particular Notice of their Way of liv¬
ing. The Samoieds had no Towns or Cities, but af-
fembl’d in Troops, living together very peaceably un¬
der the Government of forne ancient Man among ‘cm.
They were very flovenly in their Eating and Drinking,
and had neither Corn nor Bread, but liv’d only upon
Hunting. Moftof them (hot incomparably well with
Bows and Arrows. Their Bows were made of a pliant
fort of Wood, upon which they (hot (harp Stones whet¬
ted for the purpofe, or elfe Fifli-Bones, in order to kill
Wild Btafts and Fowls, thefe being very plentiful in
that Countrey.
They alfo made ufe of fmall Fi(h-Bones inftead o!
fowing Needles, and of the fmall Guts of little Beafe
for Thread, with which they fow’d the Skins toge¬
ther which they wear for Cloaths, putting the Furr 01
the Ourfide in the Summer, andthelnlide in the Win¬
ter. They cover their Huts with the Skins of Elks and
amphibious Beafts, which they valu’d at a lower
ilate.
’ Anion's Servants having cxaftly obferv’d all tliefi
things, return’d home again loaded with rich Furrs ad
Skins for their Mailer, and gave him a faithful Accom:
of all Matters.
Anictt and his Relations traded in the Countrey k
fome Years; and the Men who maffick'd in this i»
her, were afterwards call’d Aniconians, and grew 6
rich, that they purchas’d Fftates in Land. Their Couff
treymen admir’d ro fee ’em grow fo rich on a hidden
and wonder’d how they came by their Wealth, ft
they built fine Churches in their Towns and Villages a
their own Charges, particularly one in the City ofO
foil, upon the River Wifogda, built of white Free
Stone.': In Ihort, they were fo rich, that they knew ri
how to fpend their Eftates.
' And yet for all their great Riches, they were i#
without Reflexions on the Inconftancy of Fortune, as
 A Defcriptm of Siberia.
had their Fears that after fo many Favours, perhaps (he
might fome time or other frown upon them, as (he had
done upon others. However, they had this Satisfaction,
that having liv'd inoffenlivelv with their Neigh¬
bours and Strangers, without ufing any kind of Deceit,
Treachery or Affront, they had no great Reafcn to fear
fuch an Alteration.
Nevertheleis they forefaw,that notwithftanding all the
Care and Caution they had taken, it was a difficult
thing to fecure themfelves and what they had acquird,
as Affairs were rul’d in Mofcovy, without having a Friend
at Court. For there ’tis grown a Proverb, That he
that has not a Friend at Court, ought not to be loo!(d upon
as a Man: And ’tis true enough ; for a Man that has
any extraordinary Charader is envy’d by every body,
and fubjed to be Hinder’d at Court; and if he has no
Friends there to take his part, he is ruin'd to all intents
and purpofes, and muft fall at laft though he be never fo
i juft and honeft.
The Anieians having gain’d fuch great Eftates, thought
it neceffary to get Protedion in the Emperor’s Court ;
and therefore put themfelves under the Protedion of
Boris Gudcnow one of the Chief Lords of the Court,
and Brother-in-law of the Emperor Fedar Fhanomt^,
who was then upon the Throne; and the fame Boris fas
eleded Emperor after the Death of his Brother-in-
law.
After they had made him confiderable Prefents, they
refolv’d to truft him, and gave him to know, that they
would difeover to him a Thing that would be very ad¬
vantageous to the Emperor. Upon which Boris heard
them very favourably, and carefs’d them more than
ordinary. Then they acquainted him exadi.y with
what they had done, and gave him a Defcription of the
Countrey of the Samoicds and of Siberia, entertaining
him with a Relation of all they had obferv’d in it,
and what great Profic and Riches Mufcovy might draw
from that Countrey; but did not tell him at firft that
they had been there, and had privately traded with ’em,
and gain’d immenfe Riches.
Boris being charm’d with this Difcovery, and defirous
[oknow more of the matter, made a further Enquiry
into every Particular they had related to him $ giving
thein AlTurance of his Friendlhip, and that he would
pro-
 A Defcription of Siberia,
proteft them as his own Children. To this end he
procur’d Letters-Patents of the Emperor, confirming
them and their Pofterity in the Poffeflion of all their
Lands and Eftates, without Moleftation or Contradict
on, and allowing them a perpetual Freedom from
Taxes. He alfo carry’d them in his own Sledge thro’
the Streets of Mofcovo, where they (laid all the Winter;
which was a very great Honour from fo great a
Prince as Boris, who govern’d the whole Empire.
Boris acquainted the Emperor with all he had learnt
from the Aniciens, who was very well pleas’d with the
Difcovery, and gave him an abfolute Power to do
whatever he fhould think convenient about it. That
Noble Lord, who was a vigilant Statefman, order'd
fome Captains, and other decay’d Gentlemen, who
were at his Command, to go with the Aniconians. He
cloath’d them magnificently like Embafladors, and
gave them fome Soldiers to attend them, with fome
fmall Wares to prefent to the Samoieds, More efpecial-
ly he commanded them to obferve the Roads, Rivers,
Forells, and all other Places, with their particular
Names; and above all, gave them a drift Charge to
behave themfelves very civilly, and treat the People
with Refpeft and Kindnefs. They were alfo enjoyn'd
to mark down the fitted Places to build Forts upon,
and to bring fome of the Inhabitants along with
them.
Thefe Ambafladors went from Mojcow to Wifcyh
with a very good Equipage, and a large Stock of Mo¬
rey and Prefents. The Animiians gave them fome of
their own Children, Servants and Friends to accompany
them. Being arriv’d in the Countrey of the Smtitti,
they diligently obferv’d all things, and ihcw’d great Re¬
fpeft and Kindnefs to that People. The Preients they
made them, tho’ of little Value in Mufcovy, were look’ll
upon here as very confiderable ; and accordingly the
People receiv’d ’em with great Acclamations of Joy,
kneeling down before the Ambaffadors, whoferich
Cloaths they admir’d, having never feen any thing
tike them before. In fhort, they almod took ’em for
Gods.
The Mufcovites ingag’d fome Samoieds who had been
in Mufcovy, to'be their Interpreters; by whom they
gave ’emtounderftand the Grandeur of the Empct®
 A Description of Siberia.
fometimes on Horfeback, fometimes in a ftately Coach
drawn by many fine Horfes, attended with a Multitude
of great Lords richly doath’d.
They were yet more furpriz’d in feeing the Soldi,
ers with their Muskets, their red Cloaths, their Difa.
pline, and fo many of them guarding the Emperor
when he went abroad, for he had never fewer than 400
about him. They admir’d alfo the Sound and the Noife
of the Bells, which are very common in Mofcovn, as well
as the Number of Ships, and the Plenty of Goods
that were in them. In lhort, they thought they were
in a Country inhabited by Gods; and therefore would
never have defir’d to return to their own, if it had
not been to inform their Countrymen of the many
Wonderful Things they had feen. Nor could they
forbear thinking thofe People very happy, who liv’d
in obedience to a Prince that was rather a God than
a Man; and with that View they wifh’d to be his Sub
. je&s. They lik’d all things very well that were given
them to eat; and faid there was a great difference be¬
tween their good*Food, and rhe raw Flefh and Fill
they us’d to feed upon in their own Country.
But the moft important thing was, that they promis’d
Obedience to the Emperor, and that they would
perfuade their Countrymen to do the fame j and there'
fore defir’d him to fend Governours to command ’em,
and to levy Taxes. As for their Idolatry, the Muf:
covites would not touch upon that Point; becaufethe)
thought it would be eafie to perfuade them to em¬
brace the Cbriftian Religion when they fliould fend M‘
niftersto inftrud them, which there is no doubt, ik
Mufiovites would have done if they had not been en¬
gag’d in Wars.
After fo good a Succefs, the Ankonuns were
look’d upon with a favourable Eye at Court; and tbe
Emperor granted them great Immunities and Privile¬
ges.. He alfo gave them fome confiderable Places fo
ated near their own Country j and to this day thtf
are in poffeflion of above a hundred Leagues of
along the Rivers Dmna, Wifogda. and Soebna; where
they are grown very rich, and are ftill maintain’d s
their Liberties and Privileges. J
Further, it was refolv’d in the Emperor’s Council n
build Forts along the River Oiy,and in the open Conn11!
 A Defcription of Siberia, 77
and to put Garriforisin ’em,to fend a General Covernour
with Orders to furvey theCountry,to go as far as poflible
in it, and annex it to the Empire. All which were effedted
with Succefs. The Forts were built and garrifon’d,
and they have now planted feveral Colonies of Poland-
trs, lunarians, RjtJJlans, and other Nations in ir.
Befides thofe that went thither voluntarily, many
Murtherers, Traytors, Highway-men, (3c. condemn'd
to death were fenc thither. Some of them were clofe
: Prifoners, others had the Liberty to go and fettle there,
according to the Quality of their Crimes j fo that by
degrees they have built indifferent good Places, Towns,
and Cities, which are now inhabited by feveral forts
of People, who have their Churches, ftrong Places,
and Towns enough to make a great Kingdom ; and no¬
thing is more certain, than that the great Privileges
which were granted them, contributed very much to fo
great a Settlement. Befides that, the Lands the Empe¬
ror fteely granted to thofe who would fettle' there, invi¬
ted a Multitude of poor People to leave their own Coun¬
try to go and inhabit there,
That vaft Extent of Land is call’d Siberia, in which
they have built a City of the fame Name. In the
Beginning of that Settlement only the pronouncing the
Word Siber at Mofcow was as terrible to lewd Fellows
and Malefadors, as that of the Houfe of Corre&ion at
Amjlerdam; for they were all fent thither. But now
that Punifhment is fo ordinary and mild in companion
of what tt was formerly, that Lords and Gentlemen
that are out of favour at Court, are banifh’d to that
Country for a certain time; and being'made Governours
of fome Place, tarry there till they are reftor’d again to

I
Favour. But, after all, let the Punifitment be never fo
inconfiderable, it is fevere enough to thofe who think
they are never fafe nor well in any place elfe but in the
Court.
• ‘Twill now be proper to fpeak a little of the Roads
from Mofc&vy to Siberia. It was no eafie thing to come
to the knowledge of it. A friend I had at the Empe¬
ror’s Court, while I was at Mofcow, after repeated in¬
treaties granted me that favour; and indeed he had
reafon to be cautious how he communicated it, for he
was in danger of his life, if the Emperor had known
11: % Mtifcovites being of that temper, that they think
' ’ ' them-
78 A Deferiptien of Siberia.
themfelves obliged to conceal the affair of their Coun-
try from Strangers.

A (hort Account of the Roads and Rivers to

be met with in going from Mufcovy to tk
Eafl and Eaft-North-Eafl, according to tk
Courfe the Mufcovites obferve. As alfo
the Names of the Towns they have built,
being fubjefl to a Governour fet over tk
Countrey, who enlarges his Difcoveries e-
very day, having already carryd’em as fir
as Tartary.

TJ’ROM Wifogda near Soile, a Town inhabited by the

*• Aniconians, you pafs up the River to a little
Town nam’d Javi-.fco, and inhabited by the Mufct-
vices. It is 17 Days Journey from Soils to Javinifa,
in which you are oblig’d to crofs many Forefts and
Rivers, Wifogda fprings out of the Mountains of
Ivegoria, which extend., from the South of Tart.nj
almoft to the North Sea. The River of Pitfonti,
which difeharges it felf into the Sea on this fide the
Waigats, hath alfo its Source in thofe Mountains.
From Javinifeo it is three Days Journey to a Rivet
call’d Neem, which dignifies Mute, became the Waters
are calm in 'running through the Woods. When you
have been five Days upon the River, you muft go a*
fhore, becaufe then the Neem runs out of the Road ; and
after you have travell’d by band about a League, you
re-embark upon a River call’d Witfera, which falls
down from the Rocks call’d by the Mufcovites CamtM,
in the fame Mountains of Ivegoria. Then you go nine
Days Journey down the River to come to a little Town
call’d Soil Camfcoi, built there for the Conveniency of
Travellers, who are oblig’d to continue their Journey
by Land. Witfera continues its Courfe, and runs into
another call’d Cana, which pafies under the Town Vy
tea in Mufcovy, and difeharges it felf in the great River
of Rj>a or Volga, that runs iiSco the Sea by feventy
V 15 Moutbf-
 A Deferzption of Siberia!.
Mouths. All thefe Particulars are true and certain
having been nicely examin’d by thofe that gave me the
Relation.
After a little Stay at Soil Camfcoi, a very populous
Country, they will furnifh you with Horfes to carry
your Goods, and guide you all the Way through
Mountains full of Firr. Palm, and other fine Trees,
i Next you crofs two Rivers call’d Soiba and Coofiia,
\ which are in thofe Mountains, and run into the North
Country. The next Mountains are divided into three
Parts, and differ much from the adjacent Mountains;
for they afford excellent Woods and Pafture. After
two Days Journey they are call’d Coo^vinfcoi Camen ,
and after two more, Cirginfcoi Camen. Then yoncome
to a Town nam’d Vergateria. Thefe Mountains are
properly Deferts, upon which the Tartarian! and the
Smoieds hunt'for the Mufcovites. The Mountains of
Mvinfcoy Camen are the higheft, being cover’d with
Snow in feveral Places, and furrounded with Clouds.
'Tis a great Fatigue to travel over ’em; but tho’ the
Foot of it is very low, yet the Defcent is gradual and
eafie.
;j Being arriv’d at Vergateria, you muft ftay there till
J the Spring, becaufe the River Toera that runs under it,
J is very (hallow all the Year, except in the Spring, when
ijthe melted Snow falling down the Mountains, fwellsir,
it and renders it navigable. The chief City of Siberia is
J Vergateria, and was built but 11 Years fince, as well as
lithe other Towns in that Country, and are all. well in-
| habited by People who till the Ground, as they do ia
; Mufcovy.
There is a Governour who fends every Year abun¬
dance of Corn and other Provifions by Water to all the
Places of Siberia, and furnifhes the Garrifons with all
Neceflaries. He likewife provides for the ftrong Pla¬
ces beyond the Oby, where the Samoiedt live only by
Hunting 5 for hitherto there are no Towns built in thac
Country.
Then you muft go down the River Toera five Days
Journey, till you come to another Town called
hphanim, which was built and inhabited about two
tears fince.
At Japhanbn you embark upon the Toera, which
after two Days Journey, winds fo much about, thac
 A Defcription of Siberia.
in many places you are oblig’d to go by Land, and u'jfc
on the River by turns, to fhorten the Way. The Tmnri
and the Samohds dwell about loera, and keep Catte!
and Boats.
At laft the Toera carries you to the great River Tababj
about zoo Leagues from Vergateria. Upon this Rivet
you go to Titma a very populous Town, built only n
Years fince., This Town has a very great Trade for
Skins and Furrs, between the Mufcovites, Tartars, and
Samoicds. 'Tis very convenient for thofe who only
travel for fix Months. But if you pleafe you may go
further beyond the Oby, to the Eaft, and fo to the
South.
From 7inn a you go to Tobolfea, the Capital City
of the Siberians, and the Refidence of the Viceroy.
All other Towns fend their Tribute there, and the Vice¬
roy fends it from thence to Mofcoto under a ftrong
Guard. The Governour-General is very fevere, and all
the reft of the Governours of Siberia and Samoieda mull
obey him. In that City there is a great Trade for
Merchandize imported from the South, and the remote!!
Parts of Tartary, and from feveral other Nations. Such
is the Advantage of the Mufcovites; who having join’d
that Country to their Empire with the Confenc of the
Inhabitants, and exercifing a mild Government over
them, have no reafon to fear any Rebellion, the People
being very well affedted, and pleas’d with their Em¬
peror. It was a Thing to be wilh’d for, that the Spa¬
niards who have been fo cruel to the Americans, had
fetled' fuch a mild Government in America, in which
they might have had better Succefs, and enlarg’d theit
Dominion further than they have done, as I obferv’d
my felf in my Voyage to America. Whereas now they
are abominated, and none of that People yield Obedi'
ence to them but by force ; as the Mufcovites know, and
are perfwaded by Experience, that the beft way to gain
new Conquefts, and fubdue a Savage People, is to
treat them wich Humanity and Meeknels.
•The City of Tobolfca is fituated on the Side of the
River Tort is, which runs from the South as rapid as thi
Danube. Itdifchargcsit felf in the Oby ■ and’tis thought
thefe two Rivers liaye their Source in one Countrey.
The River Tobol, which givesName to the City, runs oil
the other fide of it.
,Ar,c-
 ic fuel a Paffage to China, &c. ' §S
“ Another River from the North running down froin
the Top of a Mountain near the Sea, falls into the Te-
bol The Savages call it Jaffa : And the Mufcovires
not. long fince built a Town upon its Banks call’d Pohem,
and planted a Colony in it from Siberia, who live in
great hopes to fettle a good TradeThere, and make it
aconfiderable Place: for the Countrey is very fine and
fruitful. There is alfo abundance ofForefts that are
full of wild Beafts j as, Leopards, Lynxes, foxes,
Sdhs, &c.
That Town is fifteen Days Journey from Toiolfca;
(and the River Ini's falls into the Oby at the difiance of
ififteen Days Journey to the North of the fame Town*
sThere Was formerly a Town at the Mouth of the River
lohy, call'd Ofcoygorod, which was • demolilh’d by the
fGovernourof Siberia's Order, without giving a Reafon
ifor it; tho’ perhaps it was becaufe of the Cold, and
|hat it was too near the . Sea j or that they fear’d
gome Diforder or Rebellion might arife on that fide.
|The River Oby divides it felf into two Arms, one of
which furrounds a vaft Trad of Land ; and after ma¬
lting a new Ifland, runs again into the firft and larger
SChannel. There they have built a new Town inftead
|f that which was demolilh’d, call’d \trgolt, and
|ying fifty Leagues further into the Land than the
former.
I Going up the River above %rrgolt, there is no nfe
Sails, except in the great Boats; for the Land is fo
|iigh, that little or no Wind reaches the Water ; there¬
fore they draw the Boars along with Ropes, as they do
nail the Rivers of Mufcovy. From %ergolt, going up
hove aoo Leagues, you come ro a ftrong Place call’d
ff-hfeay, built about thirteen Years ago, when the
Jovernour-Gcneral fenc Men into that Country to find
ut lit and proper Lands to be manur’d and built upon.
Qiefc Meffengers finding that Place was pleafaht, heal-
by, indifferent hot, fruitful, and Full of all manner of
tails and Birds, they built Noxinffay, and put a Gar- .
fon in it. It lies to the South-Well, ‘ and is indifferently
<cll inhabited. The Governour having order’d theln-
abitants to make a further Difcovery of the Country
awards the hotteft Climate, and to treat the People
hat fubmitted to them with all Civility and Rindnefs
taginablej accordingly they advanc’d in great Troops
 A Defcriptim of Siberia)
above 400 Leagues into the Country, and found many
good fpots of Ground, fine Pafture, &c. but found no
Men. A great pity that fuch a fertile Country Should
be deferr.
About ten years agoe, others who went up the Ri.
ver Oby 100 Leagues further, dilcover'd a charmir.jj
Country, very hot where there is but little or no Win¬
ter. At their.return, Boris Gudenoti, who was then Em¬
peror, fent for them to Mofcoto, and being truly inform¬
ed of all Particulars, took the affair into confederation,
and. immediately gave order to the Governor of Silt-
ria to build a City, and a Fort in that Country ; whit!
was done accordingly, and the City is called 7ootn,k-
ing large, fine, and populous. Some fay, the 7,ran
polfeflcd this place, made it a retirement for Pleaiure,
and had a King in it, whom they called Altya. That
City hath been often attackt by a fort of People who
live at large under Tents, but at prefenc. ’tis fo great
and populous, that they fear no Enemy. And thcreii
no doubt, but in a fhort time the City and its depet-
dencies, will make up a little Kingdom.
Between Noxivfcay and Tcon: in Siberia, they acta
. every day farther into the Country among a Peopl
. who call themfelves Ojlachy, and agree very well w'i
the Samoieds, Mu/covites, and Tartars of Siberia, vA:
■ufe them very civilly. Some of them import Golf
. They have feveral Kings like thofe of the IitdimJ
. mean petty Kings. In fhort, the Mufcn-ites have!:
far extended their Dominions into that Country that;
. would furprife one to fee ir. .
,' They have likewife built many Giftles and Fen
.fince that time, between the Rivers Oby and IrrA.whtc
. places are grown very rich.and are inhabited by Tsrx
Miifcovitcs and Samoieds, who are all extreamly civile
■One of thole places is called Tara, and lies in theh
titude in which the Rivers Oby and Irtis do, at thee
■fiance of to days journey from one another.
..or Jorgoa, Befon and Mangan, Soifcoy, Garad, are*
, ther Towns buife 14 years agoe, and fitnated iu®
. South; and the Inhabitants make daily difcovenesi
fome new Country on the Weft of the River Oh-
. On this fide of the fame River are fituated the1
Vies of Tobolfca, Sibcr, Berefai, befides feveral
. all along the Banks of delicate Rivers, and.newc
 A Defcriptm of Siberia.
are a building every day. But the Cities of Uarith
and Toom are on the other fide, the Inhabitants where-
of employ Raindeersto draw their Sledges, and cer¬
tain Dogs which run very faft, and feed only upon Fiih,
which they think ftrengthens them more than Flelh ; dry
Thornback is their ordinary Food. To theEaft of Na-
rim upon the River Telt, there ftands a Fort called
Comgofcoy, which is provided with a Garrifon abotic
feven years flnce: the Inhabitants of that Fort and
Kwim, were commanded by the Governor of Siberia,
to go with Sledges and Horfes to find out fome new
People. They travelled three Weeks Eaftward through
[great Defarts, difeovering all round ’em fine Coun-
itries, great Rivers, and many Trees, At three Weeks
lend they faw a few Hurts in a Plain, and fome Men
Jalfembled together, who were not frighted in feeing
the Mufcovites, becaufe they had Tartars and Samoieds
[for their Guides, who perhaps had been in that Coun-
jtry before, and were acquainted with the Inhabitants.
| The Mufcovites expreffed great kindnefs and friend-
Ihip to them, but the Tartars and Samoieds did not
well underhand their Language; however they ap¬
prehended they were called Tingoefes, and dwelt along
the River Jenifea, which is larger than that of Oby j
and that they came at firft from the South-Weft, but
nidnoteltadily know from what particular place. They
ill had double Chins, or fwellings under the Chin, and
in fpeaking cluck’d like Turky-Cocks. The Samoieas
jinderftood them better than the Tartars.
I On the Eaft fide of.that great River are very high
Mountains, four of which difgorge Brimftone : But on
the Weft fide there is a very fine level Country, a-
bounding with pleafarit Paftures, and fuch Trees and
fruits, as they never had feen before, and great num¬
bers of Birds. The River fenijea overflows in the
Spring like Nilus in Egypt,and drowns above 70 Leagues
“ the flat Country. During which time the Tingoefes
Swell on the other fide upon Mountains, till the waters
bain, and then they return with their Cattel into
heir own Country.
ThTmgoefes are of a mild and quiet Temper,and wil-
tngly fubmitted to the Governor of Siberia, being over-
’erfwaded toitby theSamoieds, who told them that the
fuftwites were ljke fo many Gods upon Earth, and yet
G 1 the
 The Third Voyage of the Dutch
t he Mufcovitei knew not then nor fince, of what Re¬
ligion this People was; and indeed the Mufeovites are
too carelefs in that point, as well as in many things
which might redound to their advantage.
Now I dont wonder that the PPaygats is fo full, and
in a manner ftopt up with Ice towards the North, for
thefe two Rivers, the Oby and Jenifca baVe prodigi¬
ous quantities in it, as well as many others which car¬
ry away whole Woods and Groves, when they over¬
flow the Country 5 and this is the reafon why fuch
floats of Wood arc found upon the (hoar of the Way
gats. Befides that, the cold is as (harp in the Srreight
of Nova Zembla, as in any part of the World, fo that
the extream cold and the narrownefs of the Streight,
is the caufe that pieces of Ice uniting together make
great (helves; fometimes 50 or 60 Fathoms thick. The
truth of which was confirm’d this year by the Men
that * Ifaac Lc M-tire fent to find out a paflage, for
they meafu'red them. All this I knew before, and
therefore refafed to go with hint, for I knew it was
impo'ffible to find a paflage that way.
Thefe Difcoverers went farther beyond the River
fenifea, but went Eaftward , not daring to venture
Southward. They took along with them fome Tiy-
fes, who told them there were feveral People farther
towards the South, that were unknown unto them,
and governed by Kings, who frequently made War
one agai'nft another.
But finding the Country they went to was uninhabited,
they after fome days Journey Went back again, and dt-
fired the Tingoefes to make a new difeovery if pofli
ble, which they promifed, and contraded an Alliance
with them. Upon this the Mufeovites having made
them Prefents, and left with them fome of their owe
Countrymen, with Tartars and Samoicds, return’d #
their own City.
Next year the Tingoefes having fent fome of theif
own Men Eaftward to difeover the Country, they
went farther than others had done the laft year, aw
found a great River, not fo big as Jenifea, but as Re
 A -Defcriptim of Siberia.’ 85
pid. Then they travelled fome days journey along the
(hoar, and at laft they found fome Men whom they took
Prifoners, but could nor und.erftand their Language.
However by figns they thought the Men told them
that it thundered often on the other fide, becaufe they
pronounced Om, Om, and that there was a world of
People there. In (hewing the River, they faid Perjida,
which without doubt was the name of that River, but
by the word Om, Om, the Mifcovilcs would under-
ftand that they meant the noife of the Bells. They
took their Prifoners along with them, but they all dyed
in the way, perhaps for fear, or by the change of the
Air- At their return they faid, thofe Men were talj,
flrong, and well lhaped, but had little Eyes, flat No- .
fes, and yellowifh brown Faces. The Mnjcovitcs in
Siberia being acquainted with ail this by the Samoi-
aii, had a great defire to go thither, and try if they
could make any new Difcoveries. The Governor gave
them Men and Soldiers to go with them, and comman¬
ded them alfo to take fome Tingoefes, Stcmoiedt, and
Tartars along with them. Accordingly 700 of them
went in a Body, and crolfed the River Oby, and the
Country of the Tingoefes and Smoieds, who were their
Guides. They had Provifions enough upon the Road,
by killing Birds, Raindeers, Goats, &c. and by catch¬
ing Fi(h in abundance.
Arriving at the bank of the River Perjida, they put
up Tents, and dwelt there till the Spring, becaufe that
River was only Navigable in that Seafon. But they
ilni'ft not crofs the Perjida, becaufe they heard the
noife of Bells, and remembred wlut they had been
told in the laft Voyage. Betides that, when the Wind
blew from the other fide of the River, they heard a
confnfcd noife of the Voices of Men and neighing of
Horfes. They alfo faw fome Ships, though' feldom,
and thought they went down the River. Thofe Boats
were fquare, as they are in the Indies.
However they faw no body on this fide the River.
The Water was very high in the Spring, but they were
notdamnified by it, becaufe the (hoar was very high on
both (ides. The Country was very pleafantin the Months
ol April and May, and there they found abundance of un¬
common Herbs, Flowers, Fruits, Trees, Beads, and
Birds ■ but the Mufiovites who are not curious in thefe'
G 3 things,
 A Defcription of Siberia,
things, took little notice of them, for they regard nq.
thing but their own profit.
In the Summer time they purfued their Journey a-
gain, though but very flowly, and arrived in Siberia in
Autumn, where they gave an account of what they
had feen, and confirmed it by their Oaths.
The Journal of that long Journey was fent to Mf
cow, where the Emperor Boris, and the Court were of
Opinion, that they ought to make a farther enquiry
into, and a fuller difeovery of that Country. In purr
fuance of that defign, the Emperor refolved to lend
the next year fome Embafladors with Prefents, accom¬
panied with certain Tartars, Samoieds, and Tingoifis,
whom' he ordered to crols the River Perfida, to try
what they could difeover on the other fide. He cm-
pour’d ’em ro treat and make Alliances with Kings,
People, and Sovereigns, if they fliould find any: Em
above all, they were charged to make exad obferva-
tions of what fliould occur in their Travels, and
enter them into their Journal. For the former Dike*
verers being confident that they had heard the noifeof
Bells, they were in hopes to make great difeoveries;
but all thefe Projeds were render’d abortive by the
long Wars of Mttfcovy.
I believe the Confines of Perfida begin on that fide
the Kingdom of Cathai, which borders upon Chins
and the Indies; but I am of the opinion, that the
Mtifiovitcs Projed will be difappointed if ever they
attempt it again. • Time will manifeft whether lam
under a miftake or not. However during the Wars of
Mufcovy, the Governors fet. another attempt on foot
Several of the Inhabitants of Siberia, were willing to
undertake the Voyage; but having-gone along the Ri¬
ver Jenifea, they were forced to Walk it on foot, fo
that many of them who lived at eafe, and without
trouble in their Houfes, being unable to endure its
fatigue, died. At laft the reft of the Caravan fond
all things anfwerable to the former accounts. Non
they heard more diftindly the noife of the Bells, ad
Voices of Men. Butfince the Tingoefes refufed to croii
the River, no body elfe durft venture it. There they
law aljo flames of Fire iffuing out of the Mountain*
from whence they brought Sulphur and Gold Stones,
which is an argument that there are rich Mines in that
place. " Td
 A Defcriptmi of Siberia. 87
The Governor of Siberia had alfo caufed fome Barks .
to he made with Decks, to carry them down in the
Spring through the mouth of. the River Qby to the Sea,
and fo to fail along the Coafts to the mouth of the
Jmifet, concluding that the River difcharged ic felf
in the Sea on that fide.
The Barks were order’d to get into that Streighr,
and go two days Journey up the River; and at the
fame time other Men were fent by Land along the-
Shoarof the fame River, who were to ftay. there till
the Barks arrived ; but if they came not in a years
time, then they were to return back again.
Their Commanders name was Luca, who had or¬
ders as well as his Crew ro obferve all Occurrences,
and make a draught of the Situations, and bearing of
the Coafts. The Barks Crew, and thofe that went
by Land, having perform’d their Orders, met toge¬
ther at Jsnifea , or rather at the mouth of it. All
that they faw, agreed exa&ly with the conje&ures of-
the Governor. But Luca the Commander, and fome
of the leading Men dying in the Voyage, the reft thought
fit to part, and to go back feparately the fame way
they came, which they did without any ill accident at¬
tending them.
As loon as they returned they waited on the Gover¬
nor, and gave him an exadb and particular account in
writing of all rheir Obfervations, which was fent to
Mifcov, and there fealed up and depoficed in the Trea-
fury, dll the end of the War j at which time it was
to be read and confidered, in order to make good all
the advantages they propofed and expected. But is

a
alh probability this Narrative is loft, which is a great
for it deferibed feveral Iflands, Rivers, Birds,
, and the Coafts for a great way beyond the

A friend of mine in Mofcom whofe Brother made the

Voyage, gave me a Map of thofe Countries; this Map
be drew according to the relation given him by his
Brother, who is now dead. But fince that he himfelf
"tent to the Screighc of Waygats, and was then inform¬
ed of all that lies between that and the River Oby;
but as to what is beyond it he knew nothing, but by
bearfay. Tho’ this Map is only a rough Draught of the
Country, and the Coafts $ yet I had much ado? to get
 AVefeription of Siberia.
it of him, becaufe he was in danger of his Life, if it
had been known, andtherefore I conceal his name.
There is another great River called Tans, which
runs iqto the Oby, and hath its fource in a great Wood
near Jenifea, from whence fprings alfo another River
not far from theTaas, which falls into the Jcnifu,
So that by the Oby, one may travel through the Coun¬
try of the Samoieds, and walk only two Leagues to
reach' the (hoar of another River called Torgalf, which
carries him to the Jenifea. The Horgalf is Navigable,
and was difeover’d but lately by the Samoieds and the
lingoefes.
It was an uribappinefs that the Dutch could not fail
through the Waygats, but at the fametime’ewas impoffi-
ble it (hould be otherwife, without a Miracle. If c-
ver they make another attempt to difeover thofe Coun¬
tries, they muft refolve to tarry two or three years in
theWaygats, or Pechora, where they’l find a good
Harbour and Provifions. They muft fend from thence
Barks, as the Riffians do, and keep a good Correfpon-
aence with them ; by which means they may engage
them to (hew them the way, and this I take to be the
only way tofucceed in their Projed.
I doubt not but by this means, they would difeover
goodly Continents and Illands; for there is fome pro¬
bability that America lies towards China, and is joyn-
cd there with the other parts of the World, as Afia is
joyned with Africa, near the Red Sea. We have hi¬
therto no alfurance whether ir is or not • we know no¬
thing concerning ir, but what we find in fome ancient
Authors, who cell us that thofe three Parts of the World
were divided from the other, and give many, though
pot very fatisfadory reafons for it.
If they are feparated, it muft be by a narrow Streight,
for otherwife how can we comprehend that there are
fo many People in America, fince Adam was created in
Afia; which way lhould they come there, fince accor¬
ding to the Holy Scriptures, there was no Ship built
before the Ark, that is to fay, before the Deluge;
and all the Creatures of the World fprung from the
cargoe of that Ark.
If any enquire then from whence thofe People come
that inhabit Iflands, I anfwer, that according to m?
Opinion, they repair’d to ’em after the uniyerfrl Flood,
■ by
 PontanusV Difertation, &c. 89
fry eroding fome narrow Streights, as they did into the
Hands of America, where there is a narrow Streight
to crofs over, as every body knows- at this day, and
why then fhould there not be a Streight between Afia,
and America. Though many are of opinion, that there
is between ’em a Sea of 200 Leagues, we (hall fof-
pend our Belief, till we have better proofs of it.

4 Dijfertation of the Learned Ifaac Ponta-

nus, wherein he anfwers the Objections that
are made againft finding a Pajfage ry the
North; and propofes the mojl certain way to
find it.

A/tAnyobjed that this dedgn isabfolutely iinpoflible,

and that fince it hath been fo. often attempted
without fuccefs, there is no probability tofucceed in ic
for the future. To which 1 anfwer, that the fame ob¬
jection was made about the failing to the Eafl-Indies,
which is now fo happily performed by the Dutch and
the Portugucfc. They pleaded t’was iropolfible to go.
twice under the Line, and it was very doubtful, and
certainly dangerous; but the Reafons which they al-
ledged, could not difiwade Emanuel King ot Portugal.
from his defign, who found that way in the middle of
the Sea, which a year before had been traced by his
Predeceflor to the Cape of Good Hope..
That Prince having given the command of his In*
& Fleet to Vela/co Gama, this Admiral embarked at
Cutis A. D. 1497. He failed towards Arabia, doubled
the Cape of Good Hope, made all the Difcoveries he
expedled, and at length arrived in the Kingdom of
Calicut. At his return he told the King .wbat was, to-
be done; for betides the incouragemeut given by the.
ancients, they were in hopes of a good fuccefs in their,
Navigation from the relation of fome Men, the King
had fent 10 Alexandria, with orders to go from thence.
<0 Mauritania, which is fitpated above Egypt ; and
from thence into Italy, and to inform themfcfves from
ti*
 Pontanusa Dijfertation
the ableft Mariners in all thofe places, which Was the
bcft courfetofteer, to find out the Indies, after they hid
reached the Cape of Good Hope.
It is true the ancient Writers affirm, that this Courfe
was unknown to Pro/eraeM, but Pliny in exprcfs terms
relates many things, by. which it appears that the Inha¬
bitants of C<idi<{ ofcen failed that Road on this fide' of
the Capt. For, faith he, when C. C.tfar Son pf An-
iuflm, made War upon the Red Sea, they fouiid many
Spanifb Ship-Wracks; and that when Carthage was a
flourithing City, Hanno having Navigated from Cadi$
to the borders of Arabia, publifhed a Journal of his
Voyage. Beftdes, one may conclude from what Corm-
lins Nepos- faith, that the fame courfe was known to the
Arabians. For that Author tells you, that one Eiidox-
ins who fled before Lathyrus King of Alexandria, re¬
turning back through the Red Sea, came asfarasO
di% ; which was alfo obfervcd by Pliny.
But to make an end of this Digreffion, and come to
our Subjedt, if the Portngucfe, trufting the Records of
ancient Writers, have had good fuccefs-; why fhouldnot
we have the fame regard to the ancients in what they
have faid about the Navigation through the North,
fince their Teftimony, and the thing it felf defetves
our attempts?
I pafs over in (ilencc what the Chronicles of Tram
and Denmark affirm of thofe of Green-Land, which
Chronicles of Denmark, An/garim, and Albertti; Mini*
flcr of the Gofpel, lent from Hamborongb into Rolhml
But thefe things feem new, if compared with what P/i-
rvf faith, upon the Teftimony of CornR/ns Nepos, t>R.
that formerly there was a famous Pafuge through, the
North, and proves it thus : When Q. Meselln Ce'.tt
was joynt Conful withG. Afr.mins, and Governor of
Gaul, the King of Suabia prefented him with home In¬
dians, who having been a trading Voyage ar Sea, were
by a Storm caft a-fhore in Germany. He means that
part of Germany where rhe PVefer and Elbe ran into
the Sed; for we have proved clfewhere, that the Do¬
minions of rhe ancient Stievis reached fo far, and it is
probable thofe Indians came from the Cape of Tahiti,
which lies oh the North fide of Tartary, and is called
by Pliny Mount Tab in find that they were Inhabitants of
Seres, a neighbouring Country, bordering nqw on the
 upon the 'North Pajfage.
Frontiers of Cathai near the Dead Sea, which is likewife'
call’d Marmora ,or Maramamafa by the Cimbrenfes, ac¬
cording to what Pliny affirms upon the Credit of Phile¬
mon-, and, in fine, that the Storm caft ’em upon the
Coafts of Germany.
Suppofing all this is true, the above-mention’d Re-
■ jation of the Samoicds will prove true alfo, and conle-
1 quently is a Matter of great moment • ficce it appears
| that the Rttffians failing every Year to a Cape near ’em,
\ which they call the Cape of 'VgoUtam beyond the River
i Ohy, arrive there in ‘ five Days Voyage through
| the Sea before it is frozen. - Therefore if we defign to
; undertake a Voyage through the'iMorth, it' muft be by
] the fame courfe, as being the ihorceft, and with Sub¬
's miffion, the fureft. Herein we Ihould imitate the wife
< Conduct of Emanuel King of Portugal, who firft fent
j able Mariners to acquaint thcmfelves with the Eed Sea,
and all the Routes to the Eajl-Indies,its Situation,Gulfs,
] cjc. before he fent a Fleet into the Ealt.
1 In like manner, if we undertake to fail through the
j Strcight of Naff an or Waygats, we ought to fend able
5 Men at the Charges of the Publick, who Ihould firft
I make that Voyage with the Ruffians. By thefe means
| we ihould certainly know whether the Sea, which is
j beyond the Waygats, is the great Tartarian Sea, or only
{a Gulf, beyond which it is impofiibJe to pafs. We
\ Ihould alfo difeover whether the Cape of Tabin is al¬
ii ways frozen, and whether ’tis poffible to fail by it. We
fought, I fay, to be exactly inform’d of all thefe Parcicu-
| lars by the Inhabitants of thofe Climates who know
j them very well.
1 To facilitate this Undertaking, we ought to fend
! thither a Man of War of the loweft Rate, and Man
\ her with good Officers and Mariners, who have fail’d in
1 thofe Climates. We (hould alfo furniih the Ship with
f Provifions for a Year and longer ; and being arriv’d in
the Streighr, they ihould Winter in the moft commodious
Place, and keep Correfpondence with the Ruffians and
the Samoieds, waiting till the Mufcovites begin their
Voyage. It would be very neceflary alfo, that fome
Dutch Merchants who trade into Japan, ihould fail that
Way to the Cape Tabin, or at lead, to fome neighbouring
Place, and obferve the Courfe and the Country. Thefe
ate the fureft, and undoubtedly the only Means to be
 Pontanusi Differtatm
tnade ufe ef to cleat' that confiderable Doubt, w'.
Whether it it pJfiMe to find a Fajfiage through the fiiJ
Streight P
I am not ignorant of the Opinion of others, who
pretend that thefureft Way is to fail into the Main-Sea,
togo round about the Northern Coaft of Nova ^eml>k
to the Latitude of 82'Degrees, or thereabouts; * becaufe,
‘ fay they, the Days, and the. Summer are there longer,
* and the Ice is not fo troublefopae, nor thrown in fuck
‘ Quantities from the Shore : In fine the Cold is not fo
‘ fevere as in 76 Degr. and under. I grant all thefePar¬
ticulars. are fo upon the Sphere., which is very crooked in
that Latitude, and raifes the Sun upon the Horizon ft
Months in the Year. However, this Opinion cannot
(land for two Reafons. Firft, we are not at all acquain¬
ted with the Nature of that Climate, whether it is all
over Sea, or whether ’tis a Continent, or Iflantk
Secondly, fuppofing we could fail thither by the Main-!
Sea, the Difficulty ftilt remains : for we rnuft go dawn I
from the 80eh, to the 70th Degree, and lower, and
there be expos'd to thelnconveniencies and Sharpnels 0;
the Cold, be furrounded with Shelves of Ice, have ra
Communication with Mankind, in an unknown Coun¬
try, never fee the Light of the Sun, be in perpend
War with wild Beafts, and at length, in all Probability,
perifli miferably.
All the Voyages undertook to this day upon that Dt-
fign have had no manner of Succefs. Nicholas %cw
was the firft who went to the Northerly Coaft of >)■
mrica in the Year 1380; and being tolled up an do®
loft all hopes of Succefs in his Defign In the Ytr
a 500, Gafpard Cortefius feavching for a Streight, found:
River, and was oblig’d to come back again. He®
deftook the fame Voyage next Year and dy’d. H
Brother Michael dy’d foon after him in the fame Vot
age. SebaJHm Gobertus., a Venetian, was in the Ye
*566, fentby Henry VII. King of England, to find
North Paffage ; but he was ftopt hy the Ice, and n
turn’d without Succefs. John Vaxajcenus going thisis
ip the Year {524, with a Commiflion from Franca
Ring of franco, landed ac the Cape of Brititd
where he. and his Men were dovour’d by the Savasd
Sebajiiau Gmcfius a Spaniard, undertook the fame Vd
age, but gw no other Credit hy the Expedition, id
 that of bringing.home fome Savages with him.1
Afterwards the Englijh having form’d the fame De¬
sign, Sir Hugh Willoughby fail’d in the Year 153}, and
all came to72Degr. tVherehe and his Crew were
loft through the Extremity of Cold and other Incon¬
veniences. Three Years after Stefh. Borrovaus fleer'd the
fame Courfe, and difcover’d the Iflancfs of Galgoicvia,
Ate Zambia and fome others; but begibnihg to feel
: the cold Weather of that Climate, and fearing the
Confquences that might attend it, return’d very oppor¬
tunely. After him Martin Forbijfhcr, Arthur Petraut,
Charles Jackjnanus, and John Davis, undertook the fame
Voyage without any Succefs.- Fotbifloer wasturn’d back
by the Ice in 1576, Petrous and Jackman had no better
Fortune in 1580, only they made a nicer Difcovery of
fome of the Coafts of Nova ^embla. Davis in 1587;
difcover’d a Gulph; but no body yet knows how far
this Gulph extends. At laft the Dutch in otfr Age grow¬
ing famous in the. Art of Navigation by the Voyages
and the Difcoveries they have made, undertook the
fame Voyage with all the Trouble and Fatigue imagi-.
nable, but with no better Succefs; Therefore I con¬
clude that the Paffage through the laid Sfreight can
never be difcover’d, bur by the Methods above-men-
tion’d.
 ■ A'

EEL AT ION
OF THE

Firft Voyage of the D ZJTCti

INTO THE

EAST-INDIES,
WITH

An Account of all that h'apned in the Voy¬

age; the Condition,- Religion, and Man¬
ners of the Indians', with their Way of
living; the Nature, Fertility, and Product
of that Country; the Beads,. and other
Creatures which are to be ieen there ; and
generally what is mod remarkable and
fit to be obferv’d in thofe Regions.

T HE Dutch fubfifting tolerably by their TraM

in Spain and other Parts of Europe, never
thoughtpf undertaking long Voyages, and
making New Difcoveries, till about the Year
1594. At that titne the Spaniards laying an Embargo
upon their Ships, feiz’d their Effeds, put the Merchants
and Matters of Ships into Prifon, under the Pretence
that they came from their Enemies Country ; expos’d
them to the Rigour of the Court of Inquifition, and
fometimes kept them for the King’s Service. In fliort.
 (
hti the Haft-Indies.
they treated them with the grcateft Injuftice, and left.
em no Hopes of an Alteration..
Thefe Confiderations induc’d fome Merchants to form
a Company, which at firft was call'd Tlx Company of
Ptrripn Countries. Thefe, Gentlemen fitted out fome
Ships for the Eaft-lndies, They were credibly inform’d
that this Trade had brought a great deal of Riches to
ihe Partuguefc; and therefore refolv’d to try if they could
fettle a certain and durable Commerce with the Indians
and Ifianders.who had no dependance.upon thePortuguc^e.
Belides. they look’d upon fuch an Eftabliihme.pt as the
only Me:;ns to avoid the continual Infulting of the
.Span'ads, and to convey Spices, Drugs, and other
Merchandize, from India into their own Country :
Spin being now the only Store-houfe for thofe rich
.Merchandizes. For that purpofein the Year 1^4. they
fitted out four Ships at Amfierdam, one nam’d Maurice,
of 400 Tuns, and fix great Pieces of Brafs Cannon, 14
little. Guns, four great Patereroes, and eight licrle ones,
with Muskets and 'fmall Guns in proportion, tnann’d
with 84 Seamen ; John Molenaar Matter, and Cornelius
Human Commiflioner.
The fecond Ship was nam’d the Holland, a Ship of
the fame Complement, Burden, and Strength with
the Maurice; John Dignumfy Matter, and Gerard Va&
Bmingbcn Commiflioner.
The Third Ship, Amftcrdam by Name, carry’d 200
Tuns, 59 Men, fix Pieces of Brafs Guns, ten other
little ones, four great Parereroes, and fix fmall ones j
John Jacob Shellingcr Matter, and Rene Fan Hel Cotrtr
mi/fioner.
The Fourth was a fmall Ship call’d the Pigeon, of a-
bout 30 Tuns, 24 Men, two Pieces of Brals Cannon,
fix little Cannons, and two Patereroes,; Simon Lamr
herts Man Matter. So the whole Fleet carry’d 249 Men.
Apnl2, 1595. the four Ships broke Ground from
the Texcl, and fail’d through the Spanijh Channel. The
I’jth they faw the Iiland of Palma, without meeting
any thing confiderable in their Courfe. The fame Day
they faw the Iflands of Teneriff, Gomera, and Ficro
or the Ifland of Iron, which is a Part of the Canaries.
1 The Iflands which the Ancients call’d the The Fortu-
uatc IJlands, byreafonof their Fertility and Tempera^
‘tureof the Air, having been difeover’d by the Spani-
 the Pirfl Voyage of the Dutch
‘Ards iii the Year 1402, they nam’d them the Canaries',
4 or the Iflands of Dogs j becaufc they found great
4 Numbers of ’em there. They are feven in all, viy
' Lancelot A, Fucrte or Forte Ventura, 'the Great Canary''
1 'Tcncrijf, Gomera, Hierro or Ferro, and Palma. Tile
4 Great Canary is far diftanr from the others, and con-
4 tains 9000'Inhabitants. It is the Seat of the Biihop,
* the Inquifitors, and of the Council-Royal, which go¬
verns all the feven Iflands.
4 There is a Mountain in the Tencrijf call’d the Pcf
‘ ofTeneriff or Terr air a, wliich according to the comnion
P< Opinion, is the higheft in the World. It may be di-
4 ftindfly feen at fix Leagues diftance. There is no tra¬
velling to the Top of it, but in July and tlugufi; be-
4 caufe all the Year befides it is cover’d with Snow, tbo’
there is none to be feen in the other Places of that I-
• ‘fland.nor in the other fix at any time of the Year. It's
■‘•three Days Journey to the Top of ir, whence youmay
4 eafily fee all the C/ztMty-Iflands, tho’ fome of them arc 60
‘ Leagues diftant.
‘ Hierro or Ferro is alfo one of the biggeft, but very
‘ barren, and fo dry, thatthere is not one Drop of freffi
4 Water to be found in it, except in fome Places along
4theSea-fide, where it is alfo very troublefome and
4 dangerous to fetch it; but this Place the Providcnceof
4 God fupplies with Rain to remedy that Inconvenience;
4 For there grows ahnoft in every Place a fort of a Tree
4 which is pretty big, and incomparably fine ; its Leaver
4 are long and narrow, always green and lively. This
4 Tree is always cover’d with a little Cloud that hangs
4 over it, and wets the Leaves by its Dew ; fo that a
4 fine clear Water diftills from ’em into little Pails,which
4 the Inhabitants fet to catch ir; This Water falls in
4 fnch large Quantities, that it not only abundantly
-4 fupplies the Necefiity of the People, but is fufficient
4 alio to Water the Cattle.
4 The Canaries in general are very fertil, and abound
'* with all forts of Provifions. They afford great Nuffi-
4 bersof Cattle, Store of Corn, Honey, Wax, Sugar,
4 Checfe, and Skins. The Wine of that Country is
4 pleafant and very ftrong, and cranfported into all Parts
‘of the World.
 to the Eaft-Indies.
! T\\eSpanijk Ships that fail into America, cofhmonly
1 ftay at thofe 1(lands to take in Provifions.
‘ On the right hand of thefe Iflands about j ob Leagues
'off, theMariners very often perceive.an Iiland nam’d S.
' Biwiora. They fay ’cisall over green, very pleafant,
' full of Trees,and has Plenty of all manner of Provifions.
‘ They fay ’tis inhabited by Chriflians, but no Man can
' tell of what Nation they are, nor what Language they
' Jpeak. The Spaniards in the Canaries have attempted
' oftentimes to go thither, but could never find the way
‘into it, which rais’d an Opinion in the People, that ic
'was an Illufion or an inchanted Ifland, or that the I-
'(land is only feen at certain times, and, nor always;
' but others alledge a better Reafon, by laying the I-
‘ Hand is fmall, and almoft cover’d with Clouds, and
|‘that the Strength of the Currents are fo powerful
‘there, that they drive the Ships from it. However,
j "tis certain that there is fuch an Ifland at fuch a Diftance
' from the Canaries as' I mention’d before.
The 25?/) they faw the Ifland Bona- Vifla, one of
thofe which are call'd by the Portuguese, Green Iflands,
or Las Ilbas Verdes, in the Latitude of 16 Deg. The
Wand of Bona Vifla is dry, full of Rocks, arid not
much inhabited ; for there is no Water, nor any Pro-
''ifions for Ships.
The i6tb they deicry’d the Ifland of Sr. Jago, inha¬
bited byafew Portuguese, and about Noon came to an
Anchor under the Ifland of Maio in 14 Deg. 50 Min.
N. Latitude, and in 8. Deg. 40 Min. to the South of the
Tropick of Cancer.There they landed, and found a little
Church, with a lighted.Lamp hanging up in it.and a few
ruin’d Houfes which made ’em believe there were fome
Inhabitants there, but that they were perhaps frighted a-
W at their coming.
The Ifland isalfo very dry, but there is abundance
K Kids and Goats in it, with Barbary-Hens, and -other
powls. There is alfo abundance of Salt caft up by the
Fa, but very hard to be got, becaufe the Sea'breaks
violently upon the Sand. At the Eaft Side there is a
(wvulerpf frelh Water fetwith Oca-Trees on both (ides,
whichwe fhall treat of hereafter. The Seamen going
Hunting, kill’d many He-Goats, and met in their-way
Wesand.Carts; whence they inferr’d there was People
tho’ they could notbefeen.
H 'The
 The Firfl Voyage of the Dutch
‘ The Green iflands, which the Dutch call the Silt.
‘ IJlands, from the Quantity of Salt found there, were
‘ difcover’d by the Portuguese in the Year 1571, who
* inhabit fome of them to this Day. They are Ten in
4 Number, vi%. St. Jago, Sta. Lucia, San Vincente, St,
4 Antonio, St. Nicholas, Ilha Blanea, llha do Sal, Il/u
4 de Mai'o, Ilha do Logo, and Ilha dc Bona Vifla. They
' reach from the Green Cafe, of which we lhall fpcak
4 hereafter, 160 Leagues into the Sea. Some are of
* opinion that they were nam’d Green Iflands from the
4 Green Cape; others, becaufe the Sea that furrounds’em
4 is cover’d with a green Herb call’d by the Portuguese,
4 Sm jalfa or Creffes,for that it is much like Watcr-Creffei.
4 This Herb fo covers the Sea, that you can hardly
4 fee the Water; nor can the Ships fail through it, but
4 with a ftiff Gale of Wind. It brings forth Eerries
4 much like white Goofeberries; but they have no man-
4 ner of Tafte. No body can tell how it grows; for
4 there is no Ground or Land about the Place where it
4 floats upon the Water, and it cannot come from the
4 Bottom of the Sea; becaufe the Sea is very deep, anil
4 in many Places unfathomable. You begin to lee that
4 Herb, when you are come to the Latitude of 34 Degr.
4 where it lies lb thick, that one would take it for fo ma-
4 ny Iflands ; but, what is more obfervable, you cannot
4 fee this Herb any where elle.
. 4 When the Portuguese difcover’d thofe Iflands, they
4 were.all Dcfart and uninhabited ; but now it affords
* Plenty .of Rice, Mill, Tartarian Wheat, Oranges, Le-
4 mons, Citrons, Bananas, Ananas, Ignanes, Batumi,
4 Melons, Cucumbers, Pumpkins, and feveral other
4 forts of Fruits.' It produces alfo Garden and wild Figs,
4 Vineyards .which bring forth Grapes twice a Year,
* and abundance of great and fmall Cartel, but efpcci-
.‘.ally Rids The Iflands of BonaVifta, Mai'o, and*
4 Sal, haveMcat enough to lade the Ships that go toBotpc
4 Tlic Capital City is St. Jago, the Govemour whereef
4 cominands all the Iflands under the Authority of the h-
4 of Portugal, and refides there. It hath alfo an Archiefit
4 copal See; and the Jurifdidlion of that Prelate reaches
4 not only oyer the Iflands, but over all the Couqucllsth
4 Portuguese have made on this fide the of Gotti df
4 All theiflands of Cape Vert are good Places to we
4 infrefli Water in a long Voyage; for in the
 to the Eaft-Indies. 97
1 Mia, as we faid before, there is a little River to the
‘Eaft ; and the Land being uninhabited, no body can
‘ hinder you from taking it; and coming back, you
1 may touch at the Ifland of St. Antonio, where there is
‘alfo very good frefli Water, with good Refrefhments
'of Fruits; as Oranges, &c. There arein that Ifland
1 feme Portuguese, but fo few, that they cannot hinder
'ycu from raking what you pleafe.
April 28. they had the Sun upon the %enitb perpen¬
dicular over their Heads; fo that there was no Shade at
all, being then in 13 Degr. 30 Min. North Latitude,
Mo/ 4. about five or fix in the Morning, they difeover-
ed two Carraqucs or Portuguese Velfels ; who feeing
them, would have been glad to avoid them ; but meet¬
ing together, they took down their Flags. The Portu-
im{e told them they thought they were 80 Leagues di-
ftantfrom the Land, having been ao Days failing from
Lilian. There were five Ships of ’em all bound for
Gm, the Archbilhop of that City being on board one
of’em, with 400 Soldiers, 150 Mariners, and 18 Pie¬
ces of Brafs Cannon. They prefented the Dutch with
fome Marmalade and Sweet-meats ; and the Dutch gave
’em fome Cheefe and Gammons of Bacon ; after which
they parted,and falured one another with their greatGuns.
The cjth they endur’d a violent Storm, The r 0th
they faw feven Ships, vis• ^ve Dutch Veffels, and two
Portuguese Barks coming from St. Thomas. They row¬
ed with great Joy on board the Dutch, and treated’em
with all kinds of Sweet-meats and Sugafev And the
! butch having prefented them with Beer and other Pro-
viuons, they parted about Evening.
The fame Night the Ship Maurice and the Yatchc
™ the others, but met them again about Noon. The
Admiral’s Main-Top-Maft was broken down by a
Thunder-bolt in the Night; which, with the rapid
Currents they there met with, retarded their Voyage
“ve or fix Days. However, they ftill flood to their di-
'«t Courfe as near as the Wind would permit, which in
Latitude is always North-Eaft, and is oftentimes
sccompany’d with Gulls of Wind, which the Portu-
call Turbades or Travndcs. Thefe Hurricanes at-
Wed with exceffive Rains, fall on a fudden upon the
““■ps, and tofs them fo violently, that one would think
would periih immediately. But they don’t laft a-
H % feove
 7 he Firft Voyage of the Dutch
bove an Hour and half; and when they are over,the Air
is fo calm.tbat theSurface of the Sea is as fmooth asGlafs,
June 14. they crofs'dthe Line, under which they had
a great Calm, and exceflive Heats, with a South-Well
Wind which blows all the Year from the Line to the
Rocks call'd Abrolhos. For that Reafon, when you have
crofs'd the Line, you muft fail to the Eaft as much as
you can, to double thofe Rocks which run from the
Coaft of Brazil 30 Leagues into the Sea ; for elfe, if
you fail towards the Rocks, your Voyage is at an End,
and you muft return back.
The 25th they pafs’d the Rocks, and then for Joy
made a great Feaft. They were then in 18 Deg. South
Latitude. In the beginning of July one of John Mtk-
mar's Seamen dy’d, who was the firft Man they loll:
But at the fame time all the Seamen were fick of tie
Scurvy, occafion'd by the Sea-Air, and by eating of
Salt Meat. , „ ,
The zqtb they thought they were near the Cafe ij
Good Hope, and yet they could fee no Land, and were
all in a deplorable Condition ; for there was in one Ship
above 50 Men fick of the Scuivy.
The 31/? they began to fee the Trumbas or Bundles of
Rufhes with their Roots floating, which is a certain Sip
that they arc not very far from the Capo of Good Hope.
‘ This Cape is the mod: Southerly Point of 4™.
‘ and was fo nam’d bv the Portuguese, Bartholomew Dk
‘ difeover’d it in the Year 1493, or thereabout. When
1 he return’d to Po rugal, and' gave a Relation of all™
‘ hadhapned, to John II fpeakingof this Cape, lie toll
‘ the King it might be call’d The Tempcftucus Cape, »
‘ eaufe of the furious and dangerous Winds that bW
‘continually in that Latitude. B.ut the King reply d,«
‘ vims better to call it the Cape of Good Hope; becatu.
‘ Men were always in good hopes of doubling
‘ and fromthat time the Mariners cal.l it by that Kami
4 The Portuguese coming from the Eaft-hidics,zm
4 congratulate one another when they have doubld®
‘ Cape ; for they fear no. Dangers afterwards, but r
4 kon themfelyes to be fafely arriv’d already, befl«
4 they cannot be driven back into the EaJl-bidics,A
4 fometimes happens when they are beyond that' ^
4 and for that reafon alfo it was juftly call’d The
4c/ Good Hope. The Portuguese pretend that
‘ C ma was the firft that difeover’d it.
 to to the Eaft-Indies. 99
1 The trueft fign that you have palled that famous
‘ point is,, the meeting with Rudies that are covered
1 with Mofs, and fome (mail Birds, which are a lit-
‘ tie bigger than Swallows, and whole Feathers are
‘ white fpotted with black. The Portuguefe call them
‘ Fefans. The Country which lies beyond rhe Cape
‘is very Healthful, and the Air very Temperate 5 if it
‘ were cultivated it, would produce good Fruits. It har-
1 hours great numbers of Stags, and other forts of
‘Venizon.
Aujiuft the id, about Sun fetting they difeover’d
the Continent of Africa, and rejoyced extreamly at
the difeovery. About five Leagues off the Land to' the
North-Eaft, the Country feemed to be high and Moun-
i tainous, but fleering along the Coaft they found it
lower as they advanc’d. The next day they faw a
River, the Mouth of which has a flielf running. a
crofs it 5 and abouc Evening the Cape of Needles,
which is very low.
The 4f/r they came into the Bay called by the Por-
tiitruefe Atjuadsi deSanbnts, which is expofed to all Winds,
but the North. The Coaft is very high, and upon
the molt Wefterly Point of it you may fee a Tree like
a Caftle. That Bay lies 45 Leagues above the Cape
of Good Hope. It has a little Illand, or rather a great
Rock cover’d with an infinite multitude of Fowls cal¬
led Pinguins, about the bignefs of aGoofe. They have
cither no Wings, or elfe they ate fofmalland fo (horc,
that they look more like Furr, or the hair of Bealls
than Wings. You may eafily take them, for they will
no: fly from you, which is an evident fign that they
lee but few Men, or none at all. Their Skin is fo
hard, you can hardly cut it with a broad Sword. There
alfo upon that Rock a great many Sea- Dogs,
who flood in their own defence againft the Mariners j
they kill'd fome, but neither the Sea-Dogs nor the Birds
were good to eat. .
The 5tb about Night eight Men rowed to the .(hoar
to obferve the Country, and while they were walking*
sod had advanced a pretty way, leven Blacks follow*
tog the Footfteps of the Seamen, came to the; Sloop,
which lay near the (hoar. When.the Seamen returned,
Jey prefented them with Knives, Li.nneniCloth, little,
hells, Looking-Glaflesand fome Stuffsand,, Cloth-;
H 5 bflr
 /

100 The Firfi Voyage of the Dutch

but they did not care for ’em, for they threw them
down upon the Ground. Then they gave them fome
Wine and Biskets which they liked much better, and
appeared very well pleafed, fhewed great kindnel’s to
the Seamen, who let them underftand they would be
glad to have tome Oxen and Sheep ; upon which the
Blacks told them, they Ihould have fome the next day
after.
Some of the Seamen having landed again on the
ptb, found a very fine Country full of fweet Woods
and Flowers. They alfo obferved the Footfteps of
Men, Beafts, Dogs, (§c. and little Bells, and Looking-
Glaffes which they prefented the Blacks with the day
before, all broken in pieces and lying on the ground
with the Linnen Cloth. In the mean while fome o-
ther Natives of the Country advancing to the Sloop,
the Seamen quickly returned to her; whereupon the
Savages retired, running by them without being feen,
for they are very nimble in eroding the Woods. They
came back a little while after, and feeing fome Iron,
which they call Cory, they promifed to bring ’em fome
Cattel in exchange for it.
In the Afternoon io Seamen went alhoar again, with
a refolution to find out the Habitations of the Sava-
.ges. The Savages joyn’d ’em without fpeaking to ’em.
When the Seamen mov’d forward, they mov’d in like
manner, and when thofe made a halt, they fat down
fquat upon their Breeches, with their heels brought up
to it. At laft the Seamen perceiving that Night ap¬
proach’d, return’d on Board without doing any thing,
The 7th 13 of ’em came a-lhoar in queft of the places
where the Savages had their Refidence. After they
had walked about half an hour, they faw them coming
with fix Sheep, for which they gave them Iron Barrs
of 30 pounds Weight, and fome pieces of Money.
But feeing they could not break the Iron to divide it,
they quarrelled, and prefently made a fmoak to give
notice to their Companions. But the Seamen putting
out the Fire, the Savages fiezed two of the Sheep and
ran away, but the other four were brought on board
the Sloop.
The Savages following the Seamen in their Retreat,
told them they would bring them more Cattel, and
upon that promife, a Peace'was made and agreed »•
I
I to the Eaft-Indies.
The Seamen gave them fome Sack, upon condition
101
they ihould bring them more Cartel for Iron. Then
they filled their Veflels with frelh Water, which was
very good in that place. Probably other Men had
been there before to get frelh Water, for near it on the
South fide, they faw a little Fort built with Stones.
The next day fome more Seamen landed, and in
rowing catched Oyfters, wherein they found Pearls.
They gathered abundance of Sweet-Herbs which grow
there, Then the Centinels gave notice that the Sava¬
ges were coming, who bringing Cattle, defired to fee
fome Iron, and took fome in exchange for the value of
the Cattle, upon which the Seamen went on board their
Sloop, and took the Cattle with them.
On the 9</j the Savages waited for the Dutch on the
Sea fide, and told them they had brought a great ma¬
ny Cattle. The Dutch going alhoar again had a whole
Ox for a forry Hatchet, and another for a Coopers old
Addice. But the Dutch demanding two Oxen for a
new one, the Savages would give but one, and fo they
could not agree. The next day in the Morning they
began to trade again, and had two fat Oxen and three
Sheep, for an Iron Bar of 70 pounds Weight, divided
into five pieces. They had three Oxen and five Sheep
for a Bill, an Ax, a Shovel, a great iron Nail, a Knife,
and other little pieces of Iren not worth four Livers.
They thanked the Dutch twenry times, when they
could get a Knife for a Sheep; and the Dutch would
have bought more Cattel, but they had no more fmall
iron Wares.
The Oxen there are as big as Sp.im'Jb Oxen, they
have a bunch upon their Backs, and fome of them
have no Horns. The Sheep are alfo very large, and
well tailed. Their Tails are half an EH thick, and
have as much Meat upon ’em, as a Leg. Their Fleece
13 long, and like the hair of a Goat. This place do’s
Iikewife afford Quails, Larks, feveral forts of Hawks,
and a great many Sparrows.
The Natives of the Country are not quite fo tall
asthe Dutch; they are of a reddilh brown Complexion,
fome more and' fome lefs. They are very ugly, and
Paine their Faces with black Painting : Their Hair is
like that of a Man, that hath hang’d a long time on a
bibber. They go ?ll naked, fave that * they co¬
ld 4 ver
ioz The Firjl Voyage of the Dutch
ver their Body with an Ox Skin, with the Hair fide in-
ward,; and a. large Girdle of the fame about their
Middle* hiding their Privy parts with , the Tail of the
Skin.
Some make ufe of two pieces of a Skin for Shoes,
others wear Boards under the Soals of their Feet, o-
others cut and burn their Skin to make Beauty Brands,
and pour Greafe and Ointment into the Wounds, which
makes them ftink fo terribly, it is impoffible to come
near them. For Ornament they wear Bracelets made
of Ivory and Copper, ftells finely polifiied, and Gold
JlingS upon their Fingers, with little Balls of Bone and
Wood. For Weapons they ufe long Javelins, the Irons
of which are very broad and dangerous.
Thefe People are wholly Savage and Ar.tl.rofepk^
or Men-eaters, where they have the advantage. When
the Dutch killed an Ox, they beg’d the Guts and eat
them up raw. They cluck when they fpeak like Tup
ky-Cocks, or like the Germans that live upon the Moun¬
tains of Switzerland towards the ‘Julian Alps, who bj
drinking Spring and Snow Water very cold, have al¬
ways fwellings in their Throats.
They have no other fort of Viduals but Catde,
Venizon. and Herbs; for they were mightily affraid
of Water, as far as the Dutch could perceive, ard
' therefore never went a Fithing. But fince they could
not fee their Habitations nor their Wives, nothing cji
be faid pofitively of them. They ftrike fire rabbit!
two bits of Wood one againft another.
In that Bay there are many great Filh, which c®
zn the Night to play about the Ships, but you a
hardly fee any little ones, becaufe the Sea Wolves di-
vour them all.
Auguft the 11 th, they refolved to fail about the E
venitig, though they wanted more Provifions; but tk
Seamen being extreamly weak, and fatigued by e
frecjiient turns they had made through the Wat#
which caufed great fwellings in their Legs, and h
fides fearing fome other accident from the viol#
breaking of the Sea, they weighed Anchor about St
letting, but not without intolerable trouble, foragr#
many of their Seamen were lick.
From, that Evening till the zd of September, th
were ;oblig’d to keep, feveral courfes, being tolled"
 to the Eafl-Indies.
the Winds, tormented by Storms, and fcattered one
from another. The fame day feeing a great many of
their Men !y down upon the Decks very fick of the
Scurvy, they refolved to (land in for the Ifland of St.
Lawrence, or Madagnfcar, which they faw the next
day very early. The ground is low and fmooth, ex¬
cept the Weftern Point called the Cape of San Roman,
where the Country is Hilly, and very high, having a
double Mountain.
They run feveral courfes, and tack’t a long while to
double that Point; but being hindred by the Cur¬
rents and ftrong Winds, they (leered to the Weftern
Point. The Ship called Amjhrdam being near it, font
off her Sloop with fix Seamen, who rowed to the Cape
of San&a Maria, and there they faw fix Men ; but as
foon as the Men faw them coming to the Sloop, they
run away to the Hills.
The Sloop lying near the Cape, which is a very
high and deep Point, found there three Fifher-Boats
called Lacca. They rowed to them and took two,’
but could not underftand their Language. They gave
them fome Beads of Glafs, and other fmall Wares for
Fifh, and let them go. When they landed they faw
five more Men, who would not (lay. So finding no¬
thing but Oyfters, they went on board the Ship a-
gain.
The 9th they manned another Sloop, which rowing
along the Coaft by the (hoar, faw two other Fifher-
Boats under (helter of two Rocks about a Cannon (hot
from the (hoar. They took one with three Men, and
having Haled her on board the Yatch, they bo'ught
about fixty Breams of them, with Money and little
Beads, and gave them Meat and Drink ; but they
cared not much for it, though they thankfully accept-
cdj fome red Caps, and other fmall Wares, which
they prefented to chem. Having got into their Boat,
they rowed immediately to the Ihoar, lhewing by their .
Cries and Countenance, they were overjoy'd that
they had efcaped. One of them, when he faw the
Sloop rowing to them , threw himfelf into the Sea
lor to fave himfelf, but by many figns was perfwaded
to return to his Boat. They were fo ignorant, thac
'’'hen the Dutch invited them on Board the Yatch,
“'ey did not know how to come on Board, but look t
"he fo many Fools. 1 They
io4 The Firfi Foyage of the Dutch
They were very well (taped., though they had no.
thing about their Body but a little Fillet to coyer the
Middle: Their Hair was long and black, and curled in
three Treffes; and they had in their Ears little Bones,
and pieces of Wood about an Inch thick. They were
alfo Circumcifed.
_ The others who were afhoar feeing the Dutch tra¬
ding with thefe three Savages, made a great noife,
and kindled a great fire, as they did before when they
firft faw the Ships.
Sept, the 13th in the Morning, they faw a long and
narrow flrelf of Sands, reaching about a League into
the Sea. TheYatch went to view it. Molctmr who
knew nothing of it, failed that way, and caft Anchor
there.. Shellmgher and the Ship, the I-Iollaiui, did the
fame, though her Pilot and her Crew were angry at
it, becaufe they were not Ihelter’d from the Sea
Winds.
About a League off St. Lawrence - they found an 1-
fland, which they left North-Weft and by Weft, and
afterwards called it the Dutch Church-Yard, becaufe
many of them dyed, and were buryed there. The fame
day they fent Seamen afhore, to fee whether they could
find any Fruits for the Sick ; but they found nothing
but a dry (hoar, divided by fait Water, neither could
they fee from whence that Water came, or which way
it wentout; and being unable to go farther that way,
they returned, and met with the prints of the Feet of
Men, Children, and places where fires had been made,
but no Houfes.
The next Morning they failed behind the fame Ifland,
the breaking of the Sea forcing them out of the other
Road. Here they fent Men a-fhore again, but could
find no Fruits, nor frerti Water, no Cartel, and no
Birds, except a few Herns. They faw Come Men up¬
on the fhorc, but the Sea broke fo much on that fide,
that it was impoflible to come near them.
Auguft the 17th in the Morning, they failed to the
Eaft, and again caft Anchor beyond the Rocks, where
they had been before. There they perceived a great
fmoak arifing but of a Wood, and going thither, met
with an old Woman and a young Girl, that were burn¬
ing fweet Broom, who by figns directed them to fome
who were carrying their Nets. The Men ftopt,
 to the Eaft-Indi.es. ioj:
and flay’d fome Minutes for the Dutch, who made figns
tothem, but atlaftrbey threw rheir Nets on the ground,
and ran away.
The Seamen having loft fight of them followed their
fteps, and came to the (hoar, from vyhence they faw
upon the other (hoar over againft them a Man fi filing,
and three Children : the Fifherman fent one of the
Children to call fome body to him, and the Child came
prefently back with an old Woman. The Seamen
tryed to crofs the Water in one pf the Filher-Boats,
but being not ufed to fuch fmall Boats, they fell into
the Water, and were forced to fwim to fave their Lives.
The two Men feeing them in the Water, rowed to
them, and came with their Lances in their Hands to
afiift them. The Dutch prefented them with fome
fmall Wares, and went to their Sloop again.
The t8fh they fent three Seamen alhoar in a little
Boat to get fome Fruits. Two others that went da
the other fide, met with a Man and a Woman, but it
being late, returned to their Sloop; the three firft took
their walk through a Wood, and having a Compafs
with them leaft they Ihould lofe their way, went
round about a Gulph of fait Water; and about Even¬
ing meeting with a young Black, he led them to an
old Man his Father, who prefented them with Crabs
and Water. They defigned to go further into the
Country to look for fome Provifions, but the Blacks
made them underftand they had a mind to deep. Then
the Dutch prefented them with two Night-Caps, and
for a reward, the Savages promifed them to be their
Guides.
They had not travelled far by Moon-light when the
old Man left them, but came back prefently ; then
■hey made a fire, and fat down upon the ground to reft
themfelves. But the Seamen thinking it was not fafe
I w flay fo long in a place, continued their way. The
lyoung Black vanifhtaway, but in a few Minues after
j came again with fix Men, who talked often one with
[another, as if they held a'Council.
I The Seamen fufpedted them, and not without reafon;
tor while they gave them fome fmall glafs Wares which
jtne Savages ask'd for, the Blacks took hold of two of
jtnem; but the third having redeemed them, they began a
I**® with Stones, wherein the Seamen were fo wea-
l
io6 The Firfi Voyage of the Dutch
ry, that they were forced to yield. Then they ftript
them quite naked, and took every thing from them,
even their very Arms. Afterwards they continued their
way along the fait Water Gulph, till the next day at
Evening, and arrived not till Night on the other fide
of that Water ; where the little Boat fetched them on
board the Ship in a very weak and lamentable condition.
The loth they attempted another Delcent, and found
along that Salt-Water Gulph on the right Hand, little
Hutts of Filhermen, wherein were two Men and font
Women, who (hew’d them a place where they might
get frclh Water. One of the Filhermen went a long
with them, and carrying two Barks of Trees to draw
Water with, conduced them into another Habitation,
where they found two Women only, but they took no
Water there, becaufc it was Brackilh.
After this they rowed to a little Boat, where they
knight fome Filh with their fmall glafsWarc-s; after that
they defign’d to row towards another Abmdk, or fmall
Boat, but they could not come up with her; becaufe
there was no depth of Water. Then they got up to
the top of Trees, and difeovered three Troops of
Blacks, whofe Commander named Andrew, made them
ligns to go to a (hallow place, which at low Water
was quite dry. They were affraid, and miftrufted
Andrew, fearing the Savages deligned to draw them in¬
to an Ambulh, and attack them in the Night at low
Water. Therefore they call Anchor in deep Water, where
two Almadies came on board their Sloop, and prefented
them with fome Crabs, finging and playing upon a fort
ot Inllruments. The Dutch took them for Spies, and
therefore bid them be gone, and watch’t all Night.
The next day the Savages came to the Sloop a-
gain with Eleven little Boats, and defired the Ditto
to come and fee their Habitations, which they cal)
hangenns, in order to trade with ’em. Ihc Ditto\
went near the place, but would not land, lead the)
rhould be treated in the fame manner as their Com-;
rades had been before; and their fufpicion was jnflamo
when they faw fome Blacks hide themfelves behind tire
Trees, and obferv’d that their Commander A>mf
durlt not, or would not come to them. But at lair h£
came, rook all the Fifn from the Blacks, and fold it torne
Dutch for Kjiftde. He was cover’d down to ins
with a ftriped Cotton Cloth like Ticking. ■*

1
 to the Eaft-Indies.
The Seamen having now got ftore of Fifli, row’d
towards the Mouth of the Giilf; and the Savages
not being able to row fo fail, went a-lhoar again,
and lay in Ambulb. The Seamen landing, fent
Centinels before them left they ftould be furpriz’d.
Then they fent five Men to view the Country ;
who coming into a narrow Paffage , fell into an
Ambufti of fifty Blacks, who furrounded ’em , and
(hot Arrows fo thick at ’em, that they were forc’d
to defend themfelvcs. Then (hooting three times at
'em with their Muskets, one of ’em was (hot in the
Heajl and fell down dead ; which. fo frighted the reft,
that they all ran away, without flaying for another
[ Difcharge. By which means the Dutch being deli-
I ver'd from ’em, view’d feveral places of the Country,
| which was every where very barren, dry and Wood-
| dy; and about Evening return’d on board their Sloop.
Sift. ii. in the Morning, the Pinnace and the Sloop
being both well arm’d, put out towards the Sea to dif-
cover fome Place where they might get Provifions.
The third Day they landed upon two Iflands that
were very barren , where they found nothing but
two Fifhermen. To the Eaft-North-Eaft of thefe I-
dands, 'there’s" a Bay call'd St. Auftin, in the Lati¬
tude of 23 Degr. diretftly under the Tropick' of Cu-
fricsn, where they found a fine and large River
running into the Sea through two Canals, which came
down ftom the Mountains.
As foori as they got inco the River, the Inhabitants of
that Countrey came freely to them, and were amaz’d to
fee white Men, and much, more to fee the Pinnace
more withbuc Oars or Rowers. Thete the Dutch
bought Sheep of an extraordinary Bigncfs, and very far,
fora very few Glafs Beads, little Looking-Glades, Sc.
One of the .Seamen (hewing them a Pewter Spoon, they
profer’d a great and fat Ox for it ; but the Ox running
away, others came to make the fame Offer for the Spoon,
which rais'd a Quarrel amongft them, and they were
going to fight if the Dutch had not given the Spoon to
thefirft Man, who left his Boat, and a Man in pawn, till
ba ftiould bring an Ox.
That Country is very pleafant, and full of green
Hills and Vales, with an infinite Number of all forts of
Birds, which fung to admiration. There was alfo a great
many
 The Ftrji Voyage of the Dutch
many Apes on the Tops of wild Palm-Trees which bring
forth Taritirinds, or Indian Dates. This Fruit is com¬
fortable to the Stomach, and cools the Liver and Reins,
and confequently is a Sovereign Remedy again!! the
Scilrvy; which the Seamen were at that time fo
tormented with, that tbofe that were indifferently well,
and not downright lick, were not fufficient in Number,
nor fcarce able to Man the Sails. But thefe Dates did
them a great deal of good.
The Pinnace’s Crew confidering that their Compani-
ons expeded them with great Impatience, and that
’twas unfafe for them to tarry long in the Iflands, (race
there were but 20 Men left in the whole Fleet, sbofc^
being dead ; they put to Sea again, and came to them
the firft of OBober, and gave ’em to know that they
had found a good Bay, where they might be furnilh’d
with all manner of Provifions and Refrefhmcnts, which
was a very agreeable Piece of News to them.
While the Pinnace and the Sloop were in their Voy¬
age, two Seamen, one of the Holland’s Crew, the 0-
therof the Amfterdam, had been condemn’d as Milli¬
ners to be left alhore, unlefs in five days time they Ihoiild
bring Oranges and other Refrelhmcnts; and then they
fhould have their Pardons j but from that time they were
never heard of.
The 30tb was remarkable for the Death of 3»i
5ivnumt Matter of the Holland, who was bury’d it a
little Bland call’d The Dutch Clmrcb-Tard. OBober5,
the feal’d Letters of the Diredors were open’d and
read before them all; by which it was order’d, Thai
Peter Dlrk?\ Kc)fa or Emperor, (bould be nominated
Matter of the fame Ship: Whereupon they all promi-
fed to obey him, as they had done to the late Ma-
ftcr,
OElobcr 7. they fail’d again ; and the 9tb about E-
vening they came upon the Coaft where the Pinnace bad
been before. Here they caft Anchor upon a Clayie Bot¬
tom in 30 Fathoms Water. The 1 otb they row'd with
their Sloop to the River, having fome Inhabitants ofthe
Country for their Guides, who had come on board,
and prefented them with Sheep, a (Turing them that
they might find all forts of good Cattle in that
 to the Eaft-Tndies. 109
In fhort; when they had landed, they bought as
many Oxen and Sheep as they defir’d, for Pewter
Spoons. One Ox, or three or four Sheep were fold for
one Spoon j for nothing pleas’d them fo well as a Pew¬
ter Spoon, or Kitchin Implements of the fame Metal.
They were fo great Admirers of them, that they gave a
Seaman a young Girl of ten Years old for a Spoon, and
he having accepted her, was forc'd to fend her away a-
gain, becaufe die cry’d fo bitterly they were not able to
endure it.
The nth a great many Blacks came on board again
with Cattle and Fi(h, both dry’d and frelh, belidesMilk
and other Provilions ; and after adjufting the Price, they
went away very well contented. Afterwards, the Dutch
appointed three Officers to find out a convenient Place
for the Sick, who wanted to take the Air, and to re-
frelh themfeives. The Officers having executed their
Commiffion, the Sick landed to refrefh themfeives after
a long Sicknefs.
But they were not long at quiet there; for the Sava¬
ges coming to them under the Pretence of felling fome-
thing, obferv’d they were very weak; and having retur¬
ned to gather more Men, came upon ’em again with a-
bove a hundred Hands, robbing the Dutchmen and
broiling them with Stones. Then they went to a-
nother Company that were not very far from the o-
thers; but rhefe being ftronger, and having four or fix
Guns, fhot and kill’d two or three of the Savages.
The reft of the Seamen who were on board, hearing
the Noife of the Guns, row’d to the Shoar ; but the
Savages ran away, whom the Sailers purfu’d j but
they row’d fo fall with their little Boats to the Number
of twenty five, that it was impoffifele to come up with
them.
This Adventure oblig’d the Dutch to make Inrrench-
mcnts with Trees round about the Place where their
lick Men lay, which they fortify’d with three or four
Patereroes, and a Detatchment of four or five Meu
out of each Ship.
Notwithftanding this Treachery of the Savages they
«me afterwards very confidently aboard to fell their
Sheep • and fome 0f rhem were feen to be wounded
Wth Musket-fhot. The Dutch bought fome Oxen of
them, and they were fo confident and unconfern’d,
as
no The Fuji Foyage of the Dutch
as to wear at the fame time over their Shoulders what
they had fiolenfrom the Sick, as if they had perform'd
a brave Adion.
. The 26th- in the Morning fome of thofe who were
in the Intrenchmenrs went out as they us’d to do every
day, to Ihoot, or catch with Snares, Apes, Parrots, B.w-
bary Hens and other Birds, which by their Singing and
delicate fine Feathers, render’d • the Wildernefs very
pleafanr. They' met with a Weaver at his Loom wea¬
ving a Piece of Callicoe, and carry’d him Prifoner into
their Intrenchments. A little while after they faw feven
Boats rowing towards them, bringing Fiih to fell. But
the Dutch obferving that the Savages had many things
about them which they had ftole from them, offer’d to
take them again by Force j upon which they quarrell’d
and fought, and in the Rencounter two of the Savages
were kill'd, feveral wounded, and two Men, two Wo¬
men, and four Children, were taken Prifoners.
The Dutch releas’d the two Women, and the two
leaf!; of the Children, and fent -the other two Children
and the two Men on board.
The 30th they went up the River, and took with
them one of the Prifoners to exchange him for Cattle,
as the Savages made them underftand they would do.
When the Dutch were near theShoar, the Savages came
to' fee the Prifoner, and kifs’d his Hand, without fear¬
ing to be made Prifoners themfclves. They brought an
Ox and two N$beep .for his .Ranfom ; but the Dutch
wo.ufd take nothing, but g%e him to them gratis, paid
them for their Cattle, and return’d or. board.
. The next Night the other Prifoners who were but
manacl’d, and the young Boys who were loofe, went
out foftly through'a ; Port-Hole, and fwam to get a-
ihoar. The oJdeft, -who was manacl’d, and therefore
could not fwim, jwas drown’d; the two Boys fwam
toward? the little Boat of the Pinnace, and took her to
fave themfelves. But,the Current drove them into the
Sea, Where the Dutch found' them in the Morning,
and took one of them a-fit oar. ta exchange him for
Cattle. But the Savages would riot’fo much as give
one Sheep for their Ranfom; fo chat they were put
on board again,,and brought to.Holland, where one
was nam'd ' Lawrcpcs, .and.rbe other M.uitgufcur.
tin
 ■ to the Eaft-Incfies.
Novemb. 17. they deratch’d the Pinnace to go fur-
iher to the Northward to feek for Fruits, fuch as
Oranges, Lemons, (3c.
The 25tb (he came back, and join’d them again, hav¬
ing gone as far as the Latitude of 20 Deg. without
dilcovering any thing but poor Savages all naked except
their Privy Parts.
■The Quarrel the Dutch had with the Savages lelfen’d
the Confidence they had in them formerly ; info-
much that they would bring them no more Cattle,
nor fell any thing; but as foon as they faw the
Dutch, would run away , and refufe to {peak with
them; which put the Dutch upon other Methods to get
Provifions and other Necelfaries.
November 28. Sixteen of their Men went farther
in the Country to the Wells where the Cattle us’d
to drink, and here came fome Blacks with their
Gourd-Bottles to take- up Water. The Dutch. follow’d
them to their Habitations, but the Savages ran away.
Being come to their Hutts, the Dutch were furround-
ded immediately with above 300 Savages, whothreat-
ned to (hoot’em with their Bows and Arrows. Tho’ the
hutch did all they could to make them Friends, by
Hewing them the fmall Wares they brought to ex¬
change for Cattle; but the Blacks continu’d angry,
and Bill threatned the Dutch exceedingly. In the
‘mean while a Musket going off accidentally,’ it fo
frightned the Savages, that they betook themfelves to
their Hutts; but fome of them. were ftopt, and by good
Words perfwaded to fell two Oxen and three Sheep'
for Pewter Spoons: After which, they defir’d the
Dutch to retire ; becaufe all the reft, Men, Women,
and Children, were frighted away at the Sight of
them.
About Noon fome of the Blacks approach’d near
the Intrenchments, fignifying to the Dutch by Signs
that they had brought them fome Milk ; but their on¬
ly Aim was to decoy ’em out of their fort. For
coming again in the Afternoon, Nicholas JanJJen, Pi¬
lot of the Maurice going with two Volunteers to
®eet them, they took them afide about a Musket-
"10t off, and then fell upon tjiem with their Knives
®d Hatchets, and foot the Pilot into the Throat with
* Arrow,- which kill’d hi*. They likewife Wounded
I «h«l .
n4 The jrjl Voyage of the Dutch
the two Volunteers, and would certainly have kill'd
them, if they had not ftoutly defended themfelves with
their Weapons.
At the Noife of ithis Battle great Numbers of
Blacks came out of the Woods dancing for joy that
they had been reveng’d of their Enemies. The Dutch
carry’d off the dead Pilot, and bury'd him decent¬
ly ; but .refolv’d to revenge the Affront. Upon that
defign forty of them went the next day to the Sa¬
vages Habitations; but they were all fled with their
Wives, Children and Cattle. So they were oblig’d to
return back without doing any thing.
The-next day two Savages coming near to the In-
trenchments in a little Boat, one of ’em landed to fetch
Packs of Callico, and the otherbeing purfu’d and boar¬
ded, he threw himfelf into the Water, and did all he
could to defend himfelf; but at laft was taken. The
•two. Volunteers knowing him to be one of thofe who
. had murder’d the Pilot, he was condemn’d to he
ty’d to a Stake in the fame Place where the Mur¬
der .was committed, and to be fhot to Death. He
was about fifty‘Years of Age.
The Death of that Savage broke all manner of
Correfporidence with them ; and the Dutch feeing
. there was no Probability of Trading with them any
more, brought their Sick on board again Dectmh. i.
and burnt their Tntrenchments, whither the Blacks
came afterwards to fee if there was any thing left
behind.
The Third they -went up the River again with a
little Boat and a Sloop, to fee if they could difeo-
ver any .thing elfe ; but came back the next day,
becaufe the River was fo rapid that they could row
but Three Leagues in it. Befides that, they fa»|
nothing but a wild, -uninhabited, barren and unfocta-.
•ble 'Country: For if they faw a .Alan, he prefentlyj
• fled from 'em. So .finding nothing but good M
Water, they took in good ftore of .it. J
The, 6th, They went out in -the Sloop again; and
being two ‘Leagues off the Fleet, they landed toj
kill Lome Venifon, of-which they- found abundances
and having (hot a Deer, the .reft" were frighted away j
but one of ’em funning to the Sea-fide, was taken
• and brought on board the Ship. At this
 to the Eaft-Indies:
{lea: was exceflive; for the Sun was in the i^eniih,
and perpendicular over their Heads. ' .
' The Inhabitants of both Sexes in this Place are
black, ftrong, and well-lhap’d. The Men have no o-
ther Cioaths but a Piece of Calli.co ty’d about the
middle of their Bodies, and the Women have a Piece
of the fame Cloth upon their Breads, which hangsl
down to their Feet. They have great Holes in the
Lobes of their Ears, in which they hang little Bits
of Wood: and they wear Brafs and Pewter Brace-
Itis.
They neither fow nor reap ; but live only upon
F®, excepting a few of .the richer fort, who have
j.Cattle, and feed upon ’em. They live in fmall
Huts without any ,ftore of Frovifions. Thtir Arms
are little Spears or Ajfagays, which they dare very
dexteroufly, each of ’em being provided with a whole
! Handful. They are fo fear’d With Fufeet, that one
;Man fo arm’d will put a hundred of them to
;%ht.
In that Country there is .plenty of Turtle-Doves,
En/ Parrots, Partridges, Herns, and other Fowls, as
in Europe; together with a Multitude of Apes of
another Shape and Hair than thofe of Brafil or Spain.
They have plenty of Dates, Melons, Pumpkins, and
two or three forts of fmall Beans; namely, red, black
and white. In the Woods they have abundance of
Honey; and they have likewife an infinite Number of
dinging Birds.
The Herb of which the Anil is made, grows there
to the Fields; and when they have Occafion to dye
f'dlico, they gather it bruife it, and fo employ
it for that purpofe. The Inhabitants call it Ehgar,
ad will not fell it to be carr/d out of that Country;
Its Leaves are likeRofemary Leaves; but the Plant
is not much higher than Thyme.
They have alfo federal forts of Wood, Which dye
®Jck, yellow and dark Colours; and plenty of Iron
j»d Copper Mines. They have fiich a high Efteem
bt Pewter, that if you prefeut ’em with’ a Silver
hpoon, and a PeWter one, they Will make choice of
'“rawterorie/ • ’ ’ ‘1 ■ ' '
116 the Firfi Voyage »f the Dutch I
Cotton grows in very great plenty inthe Fields upon!
little Trees. They trade only in dry and roafted Fiflij
and carry it farther into the Country, to the great!
Town call’d Fjngo, whither they alfo carry Dates and!
Salt, and exchange it for long Darts and great!
Knives. They call the firft Leffo, and the other!
Veil. _ i
The Men pafs their time in Hunting, and the!
Women in fpinning and weaving Callico’s. Their
ordinary Food is Fifh, Dates, Beans, Milk, and fome-
times Fleth. When any of them has kill’d a good;
Beaft, all the Neighbours come to ask a Piece of;
it, promifing to return them as much again. j
■Their Oxen are very big, full of Flelh, and have a!
great Lump of Fat upon the Back. The Cattle feed
in fine and good Paftures, fometimes in one Place,!
fometimes in another, according to the Seafon of the
Year, as formerly the Nomades in Africa us’d to do,1
The Sheep are of an extraordinary Size, and very,
fat, a Loyn of Mutton being 13 Inches thick, and com-,
monly of u Pounds weighc. !
Every Man has a Wife. The Men marry when theyj
are but 11 or iz Years old , and the Women an
10. Adultery and Robbery are Capital Crimes
The Dutch could not underftand of what Religion
they were; but afterwards they learn’d from did
young Men they brought into Holland, that they obj
ferv’d xht. Alcoran. ThefeBoys (how’d that they had
been circumcis’d in their Infancy: To which they adj
ded, that thofe who circumcife, are oblig’d to fwallow
without chawing the Praputium or Fore-skin of the
Yard.
They believe in one Creator of all things, and offej
up their Prayers to him; but have no particular Daj
appointed for the performance of their Devotions; foj
all Day s are alike to them • nay they have not fj
much as diftinguilhing Names for them. They nevej
reckon by the: Year, Month or Week ; and haveo«
ly ten Numbers, which they call Iff a, l{evc, T'lkM
fat, Enning, Fruto, tVedo, Sidai, Scula ; that is to fa)j
One, Two, &c. They (land mightily in fear of the Dd
vil, whom they call Taiwaddei, becaufe he takes deliglj
in tormenting them very often, and efpeciaily the Menj
 to to the Eaft-Indies. 117
'The Ifland is call’d by the Inhabitants Madagaf-
ar, and by the Portuguese St. Lawrence; becaufe they
‘ difcover'd it on St. Lawrence’s Day in the Year
‘1506. It is reckon’d to be one of the longeft I-
< (lands in the World. Some affirm that it .contains
< 5000 Italian Miles in Circumference, which make
'400 Leagues, at 15 Leagues a Degree : So that
‘according to this Account, it is bigger than Portugal
'and longer than Italy. The Air is here very tempe-
■ rate, and for that reafon the Ifland is very popu-
‘ lous.
‘ The Inhabitants, efpecially thofe that dwell upon
'tiie Sea-Coafts are for the generality Mahometans.
‘Their Manners, Cloaths, Religion and Way of liv-
‘ing, have been already accounted for in fome mea-
‘ fure.
1 Mark. Paul of Venice reports that the Ifland is go¬
vern'd by four of the Seniors or ancient Men, and
‘enjoys plenty of Fowl and feveral other things.
‘ Here are Elephants and two forts of Unicorns, one
‘ call’d Indian Affes, which have Claws, but no clo-
1 ven Feet; the other fort are call’d Orix, and have
‘both Claws and cloven Feet. There is a great
‘Quantity of Lizzards in the Ifland, and a great
‘ Wood of Redfandcrs Trees, which are much valu’d,
‘ becaufe they are fo plentiful.
‘The Sea cafts upon the Shoar great Quantity of
‘Amber. The Ground produceth abundance of Rice,
' Barley, Citrons, Limons, Oranges, and fuchlarge Pumr
1 pkins, that a Man can hardly clal’p one with his Arms j
Home are red, fome yellow, and ethers white, which
' have a more pleafant Tafte than thole that grow in
' Holland; they have alfo Ginger Honey and Sugar-
1 Canes; but don’t know the Ufe of them j abun¬
dance of Saffron, Ivory, medicinal Herbs, Coco-
‘Nuts,t=?c.
‘ The Ifland produces fome Silver, and has many
| Rivers and Harbours frequented by the Moors and
'Mucens. There are Lions, Leopards, Stags, Hinds,
‘Deer, and feveral ocher wild and tame Beafts in it;
bur efpecially a great Number of Camels, whofq
Hefli the Inhabitants feed much upon, and.reckon it
. Wholfome Food. Thus far Mark. Paul of Venice.

. I 3 . ' '■ >•’ .The .

ix8 TheFirfl P'oyage of the Dutch

The Dutch, feeing they vvere like to haye no more

Provifioris n°r Commerce with the Natives, weigh’d
Anchor the firft of December 1595, and fail’d in order
to continue their Voyage to Java. They were afflift.
ed with many Storms till the 4th of January 1595. at
which time they obferv’d that the Strength of the
Currents, a'nd the Winds blowing from the Sootl).
Eaft, drove ’em more to the North than to the Ealt,
Many of their fick People relaps’d again. Thofe
Accidents made them refolve tp fail back to Mdi-
gafear, Jan. 5. in the Latitude of 17 Deg, and then
ftand in for the Ifland of Sta. Maria in hopes of getting
jfome Refrefhments.
On the toth they made to the Ifland of Sta. Marine
high Country lying to the Eaft of Madagafcar in 18 Deg,
30 Min. The 11 th they anchor'd to the South of that
Ifland at 15 Fathoms Water, and the next Day refolv'd
to fend a Boat and Men from each Ship to view the
Country, and fee what Fruit it produc’d.
' In the mean time a Tol or Boat belonging to the Ifland
came on board the Lion of Holland. The Boat would
carry thirty or forty People, having Benches round about
'to fit on, without any Cover; but her Timber war
only joyn’d with wooden Pegs.
This Boat was mann’d with five Men tvho brought
with them very fine Sugar Canes, Lemons and a Hen;
for'which the Dutch gave them in Exchange Handker¬
chiefs and Glafs Beads, and gave Thanks to GodAl-i
mighty, that had fo well provided for them. The Sava¬
ges ftaid to eat and drink on board the Lion, till they!
Were all quite drunk, and then they danc’d merrily after
the manner of that Countrey.
In the mean time fomc of the Dutch Seamen haying
row’d three little Boats towards the Shoar, found aj
great many of the Natives there, who had brought ’emj
Lemons and Palmites, a Fruit refembling Pine-Apples®!
Bananes, which grow -upon high Trees, not on the
Boughs j but .on the Body of the Tree , which is
Thorny, very fweer, and of the Colour of Gold. TM
proiijght alfo Milk of ‘Bananes, and Strcmetis, anothed
fort of Fruit like Dates; which heat the MouthlikePepj
per. With a fort of pceyi Pears! clammy within, but vej
ry cooling.and.wholfome, and another kind of Fnwj
 to the Eaft-Indies. isg
as cold as Melons, having a very thick Rind , with
feveral ocher forts of Fruits.
The Dutch row’d with them to a Canal between*
the great and little Iiland, where they found a Top-
Maftand a Mizzon-Maft half burnt, which made them
chink that undoubtedly fome Ship had been loltin that
Place. They were then too far off their Ships to go
farther with their Boats: and therefore fent five Men
along with the Natives to fee their Habitations; who
coining back, reported that they had found frefh Water.
Afterwards they row'd to go on board, but landed by
the Way again to gather fome Fruits, and faw fine Fa¬
ilures full of Oxen.
The next day they went a-fhoar again to a Village
with about twenty Houfes in it, and alfb to another
that was near it, where there prefently appear’d a
Multitude of Men and Women met together with
their King, who fat- under a Tree, the Branches of
it being twifted one with another fo, aSto make a kind
of Canopy.
The Women walk’d to that Place with abundance
of Gravity, carrying upon their Heads feveral forts
of Fruits, Hens and other Provifions, which were
brought to the Boats by their Servants, and the Dutch
gave them Glafs Wares for them.' Their King, whoth
they call’d Cheque, feeni'd- to make a long Speech to
the Dutch upon their Arrival there, lifting up his
Efes to Heaven while he was fpeaking ; bur the
Dutch could nor underftand one Word he faid to
them.
?■«!. the ii\th fix or feven Seamen belonging to (he
Ship call'd the Holland, went a-fhoar and prefented the
King with a fine Looking-GIafs, and fome blue Beads,
tthich they put about his Neck. The Prefent was ac¬
cepted by the Cheque, but without any manner of Re-
ipett; for they are all meer Clowns, and made no Signs
atallof giving Thanks to the Donors, or acknowledging
®ir Kindnefs.
Not long after one of their great Boats; which they
nil Lancea, much like the Gondoles of Venice, came
15 Savages aboard the Holland, vyho brought
"®s, Shee|r, Hens, Rice and fruits : and the Dutch
Wt almoft the wjsole Cargo.

I 4 AIL
 7"he Firfi Voyage of the Dutch
All this wjiile the Ship M.wricc and the Pinnace
continu’d their Voyage to Madagafcar, and arriv’d at
the Ifland of Sta. Maria in a Gulph furrounded with
Hills, and Rocks, and two little Iflands, one of which
was fow’d'With Rice, and the other was full of Wood,
Sailing along near the Coaft, they law many Houfes
among the Trees upon the Shoar, but no Men. A little
while after they difcover’d a River, and a Boat with
People in it, and fome others a-lhoar.
Two Dutchmen landed immediately to fpeak with
them,,and fawin the Boat five Men who would not
come a-lhoar, whatever Signs and Noife they made to
them. Upon which the two Men went back to their
Boat, thinking the Savages would the fooner permit the
Seamen to come to them ; and they were notmiftaken:
for’ a little while after the Blacks alfembl’d toge¬
ther, and invited the Dutch to come a-lhoar; but it be-'
ing too late, they put it off till the next day, (bowing
•themfome Rajfados, which they did not fell; becaufe1
the Savages had brought nothing with them togivcin
Exchange. The Men had four long Javelins adorn'd
with.Silver Points; and the Women were cloath’d
in fine ftrip’d Linnen Cloth, having a Gown and Pet¬
ticoat that reach’d to the Calf of the Leg. The Men
hadno-CIoaths, but what was woven very finely vrith
■Herbs, and painted of feveral Colours. Each of them
carry’d a Reed with Salt Water in ir. They were very
ftrorig and tall, but fo jealous of their Wives, that fome
Dutchmen having met with Women in a Village,
who made them welcome, the Men turn’d all the
Women out of the Village, and would not permit their
Return till the Dutchmen had left the Country,
- Here Men and Women go all bare-foot and bare¬
headed.
Their Houfes, which are very low , are built of
Wood, and cover’d with the Leaves of Banana and
Rice Straw. They make ufe of little Javelins made
of a very hard Wood , which are n or 13 Fool
long, and about an Inch thick. They have alio
Wooden Bucklers,' which cover the whole Body
when they ftoop down. The Ifland is about 15
mau Leagues long from North to South ’Tis very
pleafant, full of fine green Trees, Hilly, and divider
into two Iflands. Tis broadeft at the North-Eal
 to the Eaft-Indies. 121
end, being extraordinary fertile in Rice, and all o-
ther Provifions. The Inhabitants are Safres or Pa-
though Circumcis’d. The Dutch ftay’d fo
lhort a time there, that they could not truly inform
themfdves of their manner of living.
Next day 25 Savages came in a Boat on board
theShip Maurice, and brought Hens, Rice, Eggs, Le¬
mons, Bananas, and fmall Beans. The Dutch gave
them in exchange little Looking-glafles, Beads, and
other fmall trinkets, And then lix other Boats came
with other Provifions.
In the Afternoon the King came from the high
Country in a Lanciare, or Galiot .with eight Row¬
ers, and 25 of his Nobles. The Galiot rowed in
great Order and Silence; and the King attended
with one Man only, came on board the. Pinnace,
where he fat upon a Carpet. The Dutch conducted
him about the Pinnace, and he extreamly admired
her; they prefented him with Looking-glaffes, Ear-
Rings, Beads, and other pretty Merchandize, and then
he returned into his Galiot.
He wore fine ftriped Callico tied about his Mid¬
dle, and reaching to the Ground, a Cap like a Mi¬
ter upon his Head, on each fide of his Gown hung
two Horns very finely wrought with Loops at the
end. AH his Retinue fhew’d him wonderful refped,
and durft not fpeak before him. He appeared to be
about fifty or fixty years of Age.
The Women of this Country paint their Faces
with a fort of white Gum , to make them appear
Handfome : And for Ornaments wear Ginger, and cer¬
tain dry’d Leaves that taft and fmell like Cloves.
Thofe of St. Maria, make ufe of the fame Leaves
for Ornaments.
On the 18th the Matters Mate of the Ship Maurice
being dead, the Dutch bury'd him in St. Maria, in
light of the Inhabitants. The Savages by figns made
them underftand, that his Soul was in Heaven, which
jheiv'd they had more knowledge, than the Natives a-
*0n£ the Frelh-Water River. They importuned the
hatch to cut of the I.eggs of the Dead Perfon at the
Rwes, but the Dutch would not do it.
Then the Dutch entred the Bay to get aboard
foie' frelh Water, but they could find none, nor any
. . Inha-.
Ill The firfi Voyage of the Dutch
Inhabitants'; but having landed, they difcovered near
the (hoar many Hurts very low, and at a Javelins
caft one from another. By and by they faw a Man
with a long Javelin, and a Buckler in bis Hand,
who came out of the Hurts, and cried out with allthe
noife he was able to make, upon which the Sava¬
ges came out of their Hutts, and got all together well
armed.'
By what the Dutch could underftand by their figns,
thofe Savages were at War with the People of Mi-
dagafear, and for fear of being fur'prized, had built
thofe Hutts on the Sea fide, and had put Ceritinels in e-
very one of them.
There was alfo a Village upon a high Mountain,
with Paliffadoes about it, almoit inacceflible every
where, by reafon of the fteepnefi of the Mountain*
except on one fide, which was fortified with triple
Paliffadoes, and fo nafrow, that but one Man could
pafs through it. Here the Cheque made his Refidence,
and from thence came aboard the Dutch Ships with liis
Wife and his Court, bringing with him feveralRe-
frelhments, Which the Dutch paid for to exprefs their
gratitude.
On the it ft in the Morning they weighed Anchor,
With a defign to fail into the Great Bay on the CoaH
of Mtdagaftar : And about Evening having tackt a-
bout, they thought to fail along; and behind the Sou¬
therly Point of that Land, but their Maps deceived
them, for they eduld find neither Gulph nor Bay, tho
delineated in theii' Map, nor any fheltef from the South*
Eaft, Eaft-South-Eaft, and South-South-Eaft Winds,
Which commonly blow in that Latitude.
At lefigth on the 13^ they found that Great Bay,
which the Portuyicfe call Anton Gil, and caft An¬
chor in ii Fathoms Water, and good Ground, two
LeagufeS off the (hdaf. Here they faw feme fire lit
iiie Night in the Country. Next day Landing inn,
they TaW twelve Blacks in fix little Boats, the Dm
fent fix of their Men id a Village not far off, bver a-
gainft WhifcH Was indther, and a bigger Village wife
People; With WHdfti they exchanged fmall Coinniodi'
ties for Hens. Ride, Honey, Minigtte dr Com 0 fa¬
rad ife, gfde’h Ginger, Beans, arid Oranges. The B»s
tirade theiti lindefftand by fignS, that they. yvouWco®
tieSt day, and hring feme Cattle with them.
 to the Eaft-Indies. fz}
The Sloop belonging to the Ship Amfterdarii tow¬
ing to another Village, landed. there, and found it
well inhabited. Thetr King was richly cloathed, and
an Indian Buckler bordered With Gold was carryed
behind him.
On the 24th about Sun-rifing, the Pinnace came
again to the other Ships, and the Crew acquainted
them that they had found out 4 River of frefh Water,
and a good fpacious Road ar the bdcR of an ftfand
about two Leagues in Circumference, which lay high;
and that in the middle of the Bay, there w6fefour
other little Iflands. The whole Fleet carte to an Anchor
behind that IHand, arid the next day fome Seamen
going on (hoar, went to a Village, where they faW'a.
great Houfe, which they took for a Guard-Houfe, be-
caufe they faw two Drums hanging up in’ it. Here they
bought fome Honey, and a frtall Ox.
The i6tb in the Morning, the botch faW 15 great
Cmmi or Boats coming down the River, one of
which came on board the Maurice. The Savages de-
Cred the Dutch to fend one of their Men with thenh,
and they should leave three of theirs for Hoftages.
They agreed to the Propofal, add gave their Man
fome fmall Wares to prefent to the Savages. In' the
mean time they entertained the Hoftages very Well
on board, who were fo well pleafed With the Wine,
that they could not forbear drinking.
At the fame' tirte the Diltch fent forte other Men
a-ihoar, who found very good frefli Water, and in a
very convenient Place. The Illand produces Rice in
abundance, betides Lemons, Citrtms and Binaries. The
Seamen advancing further, faw tzor 15 Houfesthat
were Inhabited, and going thither, friet With a great
E of Binaries. Near that place they faw two
uf a Man, between two pieces of Wood, Which
Were the Hands of a Black that had ftole fome Ba¬
ms, Whofe Body lay above ground hot being al¬
lowed a Burial. About Evening the Man who
Went with the Blacks carte back again, and the Ho¬
mages were fent' horte with Ptfeftnts. He had been
''ery well entertained with Fowls; and Hens rdafted, -
** boil’d with Rich, and brought With him an Ape,
5# tfie King had prbfentcd hlrti with.

The
 The Firfi Voyage of the Dutch
The 27tb they fent three Boats a-flioar, two to-
wards the Village of Spukembourg lying Weft ward, and
the third to the Village of St. Angelo, lying Ealhvard,
and fortified with Paliifadoes. The two had very good
trading, becaufe the King and his Attendance were
all Drunk. They prefenred the Dutch with a very
pleafant Liquor, made of Honey and Rice, of which
they drunk very heartily in an Oxe’s Horn. The
Village contained about 200 Houfes, which wereve-
ry populous. Twenty Men kept Watch in a Guard-
Houfe, with round Shields and long Javelins, having
a white mark, upon their Breafts to diftinguifh them.
There was alfo an Inn in the Town, where the Dud
drunk with the Inhabitants till they were all drunk.
When they enter’d into the Village, the King camt
to meet them, and received them with Songs and
beating of Drums, which they beat on both fides at
once ; the upper fide with a .Dru'm-ftick, and the un¬
der fide with the palm of their Hand. When the
Pot out of which they drunk was empty, they began
to knock one another over the Head with it, and parted
very drunk. The King entertained his Guelts with
boiled Rice very well cooked, and inftead of Spoons,
they made ufe of great Leaves cut for that purpofc.
In their return, they faw little Houfes like Guard-
Houles, which indeed were Caves, wherein theGran-
' dees were buried, and hard by there were Wells, and
Hams to drink in. The Tombs were cover’d with
little Mats. The Bodies were firft put into hewn
Trees, and there laid in a Grave, cover’d with ano¬
ther hewn Tree. They took up a cover of one fide,
and faw the Bones of a dead Corps, and while the
. Dutch were confidering the Tomb, the King of St.
Angelo came and defired them not to touch any thing
in thofe Caves, becaufe they were the Burial-place 0
their Plmlo's or Chiefs. • t
Next day the Dutch went again to St. Angelo, wucri
they bought 700 weight of fine Rice, and a goodPro
vifion of Hens. They gave the Inhabitants feme Sad
to drink, who are greater lovers of Wine, than an]
other Nation in the World.
The day following they went in three Companies «
'the three Villages, where they bought 1200 weigh!?
Rice, and would have bought more, if the Inhabt
1 to the Eaft-Indies. izj
ants had not fet a ftrong Guard of 30 Men upon it.
Here they gave only fome glafs Wares of little or to
value for the Rice, every Savage brought about a pound
of Rice in a little Basket, and fold it for five or fix
red or blew glafs Beads, but they were fondeft of
the blew ones.
The People of this Country were of the fame fha'pe
with thofe of S anti a Maria, having the fame. Habit,
and the fame way of Living. Their Houles Hand
upon Stakes,four or five Foot high from the Ground, to
preferve them from Venemous Infedts, which fwarm in
that Country. Here is alfo a great deal of Rock-
Chryftal, which is very hard, and feveral other Curio-
lities. The Sea cafts in upon the fhoar both white and
red Coral.
The 30 and 3 \fl the Dutch bought more Rice, and
other Provifions, which frefh Aliment fo perfedly cu¬
red them of the Scurvy, that they recovered, and con¬
tinued in a good Rate of Health.
Fsk the 1 (l. 1598, they went once more into every
Village to buy Rice ; buc the Phulo of the fecond Vil¬
lage had exprelly forbid the felling of any more. He
was clothed with fine Linnen Cloth, and had a Cap
upon his Head nearly Woven of green Herbs. The
Dutch thought that this Prohibition was made becaufe
the Rice was not yet cut down in the Fields, and
there having been a great deal of Rain, itmightmake
it fcarcer and dearer; however they bought a- little,
and likewife cheapned ten or twelve Oxen, but could •
nor agree upon the price of them.
The zd they bought a great quantity of Rice, and
fome Goats, and then refolved to fail as next Day;
But about Midnight there was fo terrible a Storm
bom the South, that they were very much afraid , left
the Holland and Maurice fhould fall foul upon one ano¬
ther, and run on fhoar; but by Providence they were
preferved. And about Evening the Weather grew calm
E but the two Ships loft their two Boats in the
, which the Savages drewa-fhoar.
The 5th fome of the Seamen landed to redeem the
two Boats, but found the Mouth of the River as broad
again; as it was before, by an extraordinary Currenr.
Jhe tombs they had formerly Teen, were then under
water.
This
 The firfi Voyage of the Dutch
This great Flood hinder’d them from rowing up
the River, ana forced them to drajy.their Boat along
with Ropes. The Savages of SfpkembciiYg Were a great
help .to them, and tojd them that thofe of St. Ang c
io, had already taken their Boats to pieces. Being
arrived at St. Angelo, they demanded their Boats of
the Inhabitants, who told them, they were funk in the
Storm. The Dutch knew well enough.they tpld them
h lye, .and .therefore fent Five Men to coait along the
(hoar in quell of them, who found the Canons were
broken up by the Savages, and all the Iron-Work to the
v$ry Nails -taken away.
The Say ages perceiving the Dutch were very an¬
gry to fee their Boats taken in pieces, got all theit
Goods and Children in their Canovps, and rowed up
the River. A Troop of 50 of them came down atm-
ed with ropnd Shields and Javelins to hinder the
Dutch from landing, and the Men having no orders
to commit Hoftilities, went on board again.
The whole Fleet being acquainted with what paf-
fed, refolvpd in Co.uncjl to lend a Sloop from each
Ship Weikarfned. with.48 Men, tp defire the Inhabi¬
tants to fell them fome Lanciar,es or Galiots, toferve
them in .the ropm of ..their Boats which were loft.
Approaching, near tjje (hoar, they fa.w about 60 Arm¬
ed Negroes, Dancing, Jumping, and Infulting them by
their Failures.
Thofe of $,paly>»l>i>urg helped r.be.Dutch todrawthe
Sloops along, jaut .the Inhabitants of SuAngclo crying
our to. them, they farfo.ok the Dutch, and ran away,
However the Dutch -flopping at the Tombs, faw 48
fine Oxen, but hecaute the People.af Spakenh'tirg had
treated thetfl.civilly,, they would not.carry themoff.
Then they went u.p .to $1. Aitgelo, where the Blacks
preparing go fight them, (dipt ..the points .of their Dag¬
gers, (n the Water,. put. them in their Mouth, andlet;
Wgtqr idtop Aown, figuifying to die Dutch, that
they would -dip the fame.points.in their.Blood. Afo
which tky threiw. ftones that fell upon them Ss thick
as Hdih .This.vpxoceeding obliged the Dutch tocqme
to-an Anchor, and (hoot at them,..but more to ./right
than go. hurt them. .But they .Hill continued throwing
(tones,,thinking their Bucklers .we.re.Musket proof, till
at length they faw three or four of them- were fhot dead.
upon
 T9 the EaftJndies. 12.7
Ooon which they remov’d their dead Men, and retir’d
behind the Houfes.
Not long after three or four of them came and defir’d
fa Dutch to forbear all Hoftilities, and they would bring
themfome Cattle ; but being in a Paflion, they could
r,o: underftand what they faid, and therefore continu'd
to fire which made ’em all run away.
As foon as the Savages were out of fight, the
Dutch row’d to the Shoar; and half of them wept,
to the Villages to fee if iome of the Blacks had
not hid rhcmfelyeS there ; hut found only a little
Girl about a Year old, whom .they took, and plunder’d
the Village. In the mean time the whole Village
was fet on :fire: Some fay it happen’d by chance,
and no one knew who did it; but others fay it was
done by Order of the Council. The Houfes being
all made of dry Timber, cover’d with Straw, and
the Wind blowing hard ; the Fire rag’d fo violently,
that the Dutch had "much ado to fave rbemfelves.
This Accident burnt a great Quantity of Rice, which
was unthrelht, with Fruits, Hens, &c.
The Dutch took away nothing but two Drums, ,a
Shield, a little Boat, a Kid, fo.me Bottles of Straw,
and feme Hens, which they could have bought for a
Pita of Eight. Ac their Departure they laid the
Child upon the Shoar, and the Blacks came and rook
her up when their Enemies were gone; and .iav’4
feme few Houfes from the Fire. They were ip all
about 130 Inhabitants, four of which were found dead
in a Wood. The Dutch retiring to to their Sloops,
went again by the Buryiog-place, where they met a
great Company of the Natives of Spakembomg, who-
arefs’d them, and laugh’d at what had happen’d to the
others.
Daring this Expedition at St. Angelo, five or fix
“licks with their Chiefs came in a Canpw on hoard
^ Umice, and brought feme Chtonsj but’ the Sail¬
ers hearing a Shooting, -made them all Prifoners ; of
which they made great Comglainrs. But when they
w the Fire, the Phulp or Chief pour’d a Can full of
«ter upon his Head to let them know he was innocent
°t what was a&ing on (hoar.
The Seamen who were a-ihoar being oorne aboard,
H tie .Ship.Mtwice feeing them all jafe, they re--
leas’d
 The Firji Voyage of the Dutch
leas’d the Prifoners, and conduced them a-doar,
Men, Women, and Children ran to the Shoar to kifs
the Pholds Feet, who lent for Citrons and prefenred
them to the Dutch, who had accompany’d him a-llioar,
Ihowing them a? great RefpeCt, and giving them'
Thanks for his Releafemenr. Not long after many
of the Inhabitants of the Ifland came to the. Sea-flde
and threatned the Dutchmen in the Pinnace with
their Lances and Shields, but could do them no
harm.
On the 9th the Dutchmen landed with the Sloop
belonging to the Lyon to fetch frelh Water. The
Pbulo came on board, and brought with him fome
Hens, Rice; and Fruits, to exprefs his Gratitude,
and they parted good Friends. A little while after
they fent two other Cunotts, and one Sloop with 46
Men, who being come to the Tombs, five or fix
Blacks of Spakembottrg invited them to vifit their 1‘hu-
los. Upon this Invitation they fent three Men into
the 'Village, where they found the Phulo with fix
arm’d Men, who ran away when they faw the Dutch
coming to'them. ■ However, fome of them came back
to the Village without Arms, and fold them Rice;
but would not luflfer the Dutch to approach too near
them. ■
The Dutch having treated them very civilly, row’d
afterwards towards St. Angela to fetch a Lmcim or
great Boat, which they could not bring with them
while the Fire lafted ; but lhe was gone, and they
could find no body in the Village. Then they went
by Water to the other End towards the North, where
they met with a great many Savages arm’d, and a
great Town compos’d of a great many Villages, who
had all their refpeiftive Phulo's.
The Savages fent one of their Number to the Dutch
to defire them to retire, promifing upon that
condition to bring them fome Cattle. Upon which
the Dutch call Anchor on the other fide the River,-
whither the Blacks brought an Ox and an He-Goat,
telling them they had no more there; for that they
had lately remov’d and tranfported their Cattle further
off. The Dutch gave them fome Trifles made of
Giafs, though the Savages would not take them at hilt,
faying they defir’d them to accept iheir lmall Prclcnt
 to the Eafl-Indles.
y i Teftimony of their good Wills, and to retire.
The Dutch gave each Man a Cup of Wine, which they
love dearly ; and the Phulo himfelf, though frighted at
came and drunk fome, and immediately retir’d to
ge himfelf behind the Houfes.
The loth a C,mow of Spr.kemhourg coming oh board
the Ship Maurice, the Savages defir’d the butch to fend
feme body on fhoar , becaule the Phulo would . pre-
fiat them with fome Cattle. But feeing it was pretty
be, they thought it unfafe to go ac that time for fear of
inAmbufh.
On the lith they went to the Tombs to fee if
what the Natives told them the Evening before, was
me. Here they found fome Blacks; and the Watch,
who would have perfwaded them to vvalk into the
Town; but the Dutch not daring to trull them, took,
be of them for Hoftages; and theri fent two of
their own Men to the Town, who came back pre-
fently, and faid they might go freely and without
Danger. Here they found nothing but a little Ox;
for all the Inhabitants were run away. Then they
item to the Town that lay more Northerly, the In¬
habitants of which brought them an Ox, and fold
it for four Ells of Linnen-Clorh , and fome Glafs
Jeads.
All the Ships weigh’d Anchor on the iztb, and got
out of the Bay, where they rode at Anchor un-
dtrthe'above-mention’d little Ifland, that was inhabi¬
ts by four or five different forts of People; who'
bought them Bananes, Hony, Hens, and other kinds
ofRelrdlimcnts almoft every Day : and where they
bd took in fre/h Water which was extraordinary,
good.
When they got to the End of that Bay , on the
™th fide, about two Leagues from the Shoar, two
We Canons came on board the Fleet, and brought
"itbthem Sugar CarieS arid Rice ; for which the
W gave ’em fome t^ajfados iri Exchange. The
fete invited then* to come a-ihoar; b'ric they con-
hnu’dtheirCoarfe. . . , . , r ,
This great Bay of Aritmi Gil liei iri the Latitude
•[ >6 Pegr. and a half, and reaches teri Leagues ffrirri
feth-North-Wefl to South-Soritfcf'eft, It has, ai

■
faid before ate'rf fitpi grid. fmiM Ifia’rif, Which
n m
fjo The Firjl Voyage of the Dutch
lies very high. On the Borders of the Coaft on the
North-Eaft- Side, are feme Rocks, and three little I-
flands; and then you pafs into a River that has feveral
Villages' on both fides.
Half way from the frelh Water Place in the Bay on
the North fide, you find three Villages Or Boroughs
well inhabited, and feveral other Villages, which
bring you to the fight of another River on the
North fide ; and then you find the great River: a-
long which the Dittcb bought a great Quantity of
Rice. This River hath two Branches, one extending
to the North, and the other to the Weft, with an I-
(land in the middle. S. Angelo lies on the North fide
of it.
On the left-hand of the River is the populous Vil¬
lage of Spakenihourg, abounding with all forts of Pro-
vifions. To the Weft-South-Weft Quarter of the I-
fland is another River With a Village on the Shoar,
which is all the Dutch could difcover in this I-
fland.
The inhabitants are black; but their Hair is not
fo Bulhy, nor their Lips or Nofes of the fame Form
as thofe of true Blackamoors. They are ftrong and
vigorous: They love to drink exceedingly, and will
make themfelves drunk as Swine with a Liquor made
of Rice and Hony, though it is unlawful to drink
it but at certain times, Their Houfliuld-Stuff is very
mean, and of no value. They make ufe of a long
Bped flopp’d at the Top, itiftead of a Cup or other
Veflel to drink in.
They fit and lie upon Mats well wrought, and of
feveral Colours, and have little Seats under their
Heads for Pillows. They beat or threlh their Rice in
a Wooden Mortar, and every one is furnilh’d with
a Sieve to lift it, a Pot to boil it in, Bags to put it
in, and Gourds to ferve it up to eat.
The Pkulo or King, wears Copper Bracelets; for which
Commodity they would have given any thing : but the
Dutch had none. He Wears alfo a Necklace made of Imall
Beads, and always carries a Hatchet in his Hand in-
ftead of a Scepter. His Subje&s go all naked, having
only a piece of Cloth made of the Bark of Trees,
about their Middles, and are always very dutiful to
him.
Their
 to the Haft-Indies. i$K
Their Women wear a fort of a Gowh woven of
the Barks of Trees, which reaches down to their
Knees. Some have Petticoats of the fame Cloth.
Their Nets are made of the fame Baric. For Orna-
ment they wear Pewter or Silver Bracelets, much like
the Copper ones they wear in Guinea. Their Women
plant, low and cut Rice and Beans, and cultivate Ba-
nmes, which are their belt and moft common Food ;
for they feldom feed on Flefli, and they eat their
Fifh and Milk, with the Fruit and Berries of Ba-
n.tnes.
They have line and large Oxen, which they e-
fteem fo much, thac fome think they worlhip them as
the Canarint and the Malabares do in the Indies.
They have abundance of Kids, but few Sheep or
Dogs, and plenty of Fowls, fuch as Hens, Ducks,
. {&, and other forts of Birds, which the Dutch did
not happen to fee.
This Country affords great ftore of Oranges, Ci¬
trons, Lemons, Ginger , and a fort of Corn call’d
Manigettc ; as all'o a fore of Root much like Ginger
on the Outfide, and yellow wirhin, call'd Clincher in
the Malufun Language ; Habet in Arabick., and Cajfrati
in las Indias by the Portuguese, being full of Juice,
but very (harp. Its Flowers are ltke thole of white
Lilies, and the Root isPhylical, There is a great deal
of it at Java, and other Parts of the Indies.
The Dutch feeing they could drive no Trade with the
Inhabitants, becaufe they both miftrufted and fear’d
them, puc to Sea again Feb. 11.1596. as we faid before*
and fail’d with a fair Gale at Weft-North-Weft, and
South-Weft, till March 23. That Day the Wind
chang’d to the Eaft, chopping fometimes to the North,1
and fometimes more to the South. Here they encoun-.
ter’d rapid Currents which came from the Souch-Eaft
of Java, and did them much Injury. The calm
Weather alfo incommoded them ; infomuch that they
refolv’d to fleer their courfe to the moft Southerly I-
Hands call’d Maldives.
‘ Thofe Iflands call’d Maldives of Maldivar, lie juft
oppofite to the Coaft of Comarin and Malabar, and
' ihoot out into the Sea about 140 German Leagues to the
‘ South of Cape Comarin. The common Opinion is*
‘that they are above a Thouiand in Number ; for'
JK % ‘if#
 The firjl Voyage of the Dutch
* it’s impoflible to number them all exa&ly. Some are
‘ Peopl’d and fertil; others are Defarts and uninha-
‘ bited. In general, they lie very low as well as
‘ Cochin, Craganut, and other Parts of the Continent;
‘ and for that Reafon are expos’d to be overflow’d by the
‘Sea.
‘ The Inhabitants of Malabar fay thofe Iflands were
‘ formerly joyn’d to the Continent of India ; and
‘ that they were fe pa rated by the Inundations of the
‘ Sea: But that which makes them fo numerous, is
‘ the Multitude of Canals that divide them; which are
‘ fo narrow, that the Sprit-fails of the Ships (trike
‘ the Leaves off the Trees hvhich are planted on both
‘ fides: And in fome Places a nimble Man may leap in-
‘ to an Ifland from the Top of a Bough that grows in
‘another.
‘In thofe Iflands Provifionsare very fcarce ; but they
‘ have great Plenty of Coco-Trees, which alone fupply
4 them with what is ncceflary for Life, as you will find
‘hereafter, when we come to give a Defcription of that
* Tree.
‘ They make Cloth and Stuffs of the Lint and Silk
* that’s imported to them, and of thefe make long Gar-
* ments, or very fine Night-Gowns ; for they are
‘ much better, and more decently drefs’d than other
‘ Indians.
* They fi(h with Nets made of the Branches of Palm-
. ‘ Trees, and find a fort of fmall'S'nells that are bright,
* and of feveral Colours, which in fome Places pafs for
‘ Pieces of Money.
‘ The principal Ifland is call’d Maldivc, where there
* Hands a City of the fame Name, which is well frequen-
‘ ted for Trade, and being the Refidence of the King,
‘ gives Name to all the Iflands.
‘ In this Courfc you may lee at any Seafon of the
‘Year a World of Birds, particularly Gref Cdk
‘ call’d by the Portuguese, Garains [tibas Furcadas, i.e
‘ BUcl{-Birds[potted like Magpies ; with a long Tail
* fplit like a Pair of Taylors Shears; another fort oi
‘Birds that are all white like Pigeons, with alotj
‘ Tail, but few Feathers in it j and others which are
* much like Ducks fpotted all over.
 to the Eaft-Indies. *33
All thefe Birds feed in the Salt Water, in which
there is a fort of a flying Fi(h about the Bignefs of
an Herring, having two Finns, and fome of them
four, refembling Wings; which, when they are purfu'd
by great Filh, rife or fly out of the Water to fave
thcmfelves , but cannot fly long : for as foon as their
Wings are dry, they fall into the Sea, and are de¬
vour'd by the great Filh. Befides that Danger, which
is almoft unavoidable, they are expos’d to be
catch'd in the Air by the Fowl: fome of them
being clofely purfu’d in both Elements by their Ene¬
mies, fled to the Ships, where they found no better
Quarter; for the Seamen eat them as very dainty
Food. The Cobbi perch’d upon the Malts of the
Ships, and were fo tame, that they were not fright¬
ed when the Seamen took them.
Thefe Seas are frequented by Bonitoes or good
Fillies, which are wholfome Food, though the Flelh is
dry : They are of the fame Figure and Bignefs as
Carps, but fomewhat thicker. They fwim in Shoals
dole together, and always follow the Ships. Thefe al-
fo devour a great Quantity of the flying Filh, which
you find many times undigefted in their Bellies.. The
Atbocores (another Filh in this Sea ) are fo call’d be-
caufe they have no Scales, their Skins being fmooth
and white under the Belly , which renders them
vilible under the Water. They are made like Bonitoes;
only they are fomewhat bigger: Some are five Foot
long, and as thick as a Man, ; and one of this fort
made a good Meal for 6o Seamen. They are a lean
fort of Filh, and have but one Bone ftom the Tail to
the Head.
The DoiWw ("another fort of Fifh in the fame Seas)
were fo nam’d by the Portuguese, becaufe they appear
yellow in the Water, and fometimes ihine like -Gold.
The Englifh call them Dolphins. They are in Figure
and Shape like a Salmon. There is no Salt or Frelh-
Water Fifh of a better Relifh. They have fmall Scales,
and the Back, from the Head to the Tail, is beautiful,
and bridl'd (as ’twere) with fmall Finns.
The brown Filh, which the Portuguese call Tonnins,
are a kind of Sea-Hogs, and are of two forts: fome
have (harp Snouts like a Hog ; others flat, having a
kind of a Cowl over iheir Heads, and therefore iome
£ 3 call
 The Firft Voyage of the Dutch •
call them Sea-Fry an. They are commonly five or fix
Foot in length, the Tail being fplit and very broad.
Their Skin is very fm'ooth, and their Infides juft like
Sea-Hogs, as to their Lard, Fletfi, Liver, (Sc. for they
eat the fame Food.
The Seamen having open’d one of them, found in her
a young Sea-Hog as bigas a Land Pig. They always
fwim in great Shoals; and when the Sea begins to
fwell, they come to the Ships infuch great Multitudes,
that they make the Water look green, and fnoar and
grunt like Hogs; which would be a pleafant Enter¬
tainment enough if their Approach were not a certain
Prognoftick ofan enfuing Storm.
The Sea-Dogs call’d by the Portuguese, Ttiborons, ap¬
pear commonly in calm Weather. They Iwim very
flowly, and have a fmooth Skin. They are always
attended by 7 or 8 little Fifh call’d Leeches, about
the Bignefs of a Herring, or fomething lefs, which have j
a flat and wrinkl’d Head, by which they are glu’d, as !
’twere to the Sea-Dog, till he catches fome Prey,
and then they come off and lhare with him. They
enter the Bodies of the Sea-Dogs by the Mouth, and
go out again without hurting them. When the Seamen
are oblig’d to fwim, they take great care to avoid Sea-
Dogs ; for many times they dragg ’em to the Bottom of
the Sea. They are not very good to eat, having an un-
favoury Tafte.
The Fifh which the Portuguese call Pifceporco, is a-
bout the Bignefs of a Bream, and grunts like a Hog.
In fleering this Courfe, we likewile met with abun¬
dance of Tortoifes, moft of which fleep fwimming:
They are very Excellent Food, and tafte like Veal.
When the Sun hath heated the Shell upon their
Back, they turn; and then the Seamen approach them
foftiy, and fatten a Hook betwixt the two Shells, and (0
t?ke them.
The Lamies fwim in Shoals like the Tonnins, and
are a little lefs than Whales, but have not a Hole over
their Head like them to blow out the Water.
While the Dutch were failing to the Iflands of Mal¬
dives, the Quarter-Matters complain’d that there was
but little Water left. Therefore it wasrefolv’d that each
Man (hould have only a Pint of Water a Day, which
was but a Ihort Allowance at that Seafon; for it was then
Mi)
 to the EafWndies.
May, and exceeding hot. Some of the Seamen were
fo thirfty, that they offer’d a Piece of Eight for a Glafs
of Water, but cou’d not get it.
Jttnj&y i, 1596. they were over-joy’d to fee Land,
became they were in hopes of finding frefh Water.
Being near the Shoar, they faw an Iflar.d lying be¬
fore the Streight of Sunda in the Latitude of 50 Deg.
and a half: by computing the time of their failing, they
thought it was the Ifland Pagniatan, call’d by the
Portuguese, Dengano, and lying id Leagues oh this
fide of the great Ifland of Sumatra. Here one at three
Leagues diftance might fmell the fweet and ftrong Q-
dours of the Spices tfyat grow in that Ifland.
Under the fame Ifland on the 6th they faw fix or fe-
ven Ganows, which were afraid to come near the Ships.
The Dutch mann’d a Sloop to go and fpeak with them:
But as foon as the Men law her rowing towards them,
they fled into the Ifland and left their Canows afhoar,
Thefe little Boats are long, but fcarce a Foot broad.
They have two long Pieces of Timber on each fide,
which make them broader at the Top, and eafier to
tack about. None of the Men would fpeak with the
Dutch, but made Signs to them to come a-lhoar. Bpt
the Seamen being unprovided of Arms, did not think fit
to land or truft them.
They were 23 in Number, well arm’d with Bows
and and Arrows, very tall, and of a yellowilh Comple¬
tion like the Brafilians. They had long Hair hanging
down upon their Shoulders, which fomc fay is asftreighc
as a SticK.
_ They were quite naked, and indeed the Dutch had
fcen no fuch Savages in their Voyage.
On the i if/; .they came under the Ifland of Sumatra,
before the Streight of Sunda, where they faw an in¬
finite Number of Iflands. They caft Anchor un¬
der an Ifland that was very long; and landing the
next Day, found ft Def^rt, Woody, and without
Water.
Here they, faw firft three Sail, and then nine, com¬
ing from the high Coaft of Sumatra, who were the firft
they had feen to the Eaftward of the Cage of Good
Hope. They fent out a little Boat to them, who com¬
ing on board thofe Veffels, found they were mann’d
With 16 Men a-piece, 7 of which row’d, the reft be-
' r K4 ing
 The Firfi Vlya^e of the Dutch
*1$
jng plac’d under a lhed, and doath’d with fine Calli~
co of feveral colours, from their Middles downwards,
fo as to leave their upper parts naked. Somcpf them
had about their Heads pieces of Cloth, rolled 'like
‘Turbans.
The Dutch could not underftand their Language,
They mention’d Bantam and Japparc, and Sunda Ca-
lappa ; but the Dutch having never heard fo much as
the name of Sunda CaJappa before, could not under¬
hand what they Laid of it. However the Indians fiiew’d
them Sumatra, and made them figns they would there
find much good Merchandize. Therefore they lent the
Pinnace with 16 Men, June the zift towards the high
Coaft, where they found fome Villages, the biggelt
whereof was named Dampin.
A Sloop was alfo fent towards that part of Suma¬
tra , from whence they faw the Veffels come out,
and go in again; for it feems they took them to be
Pirates, that were cruizing to take the Ships that went
from Manancaho to Bantam. The Sloop caft the Grap-
ling-Hook or little Anchor near an Ifland, hard by two
other little Iflands, from whence they heard Menfpeak,
but could fee none.
Next day they faw four Veflfels at Anchor, and
three other failing together, and again three more in
Company. When they faw the Sloop failing towards
them, they kept clofe together. The Sloop made up
to them, and ask’d them where they might find frelh
Water, who directed them to a place. The Duto:
fearing and miftrufting them, went aboard their little
Boats, where the Indians lliew’d them feveral Curioli-
ties; among others a fine guilded Poignard, which
they call Cm, and a Gold Ring fee with a Diamond
of little value, which was but (mail, and ill cut.
The Sloops Crew came on board the Pinnace, whi¬
ther the Indians followed them in their Canow. The
Dutch bought fome Filh, Rice, Water-Melons, Sugar-
Canes, Coco, Garlick, Onions, and other Fruits o'
-.them ; and gave them in exchange glafs Wares of all
Colours. And afterwards they went together to S/w-

In this Courfc they met three or four Canons wi:!i

Men onboard them, who lookt like confiderablePct-
fons, being cloathed in fine and rich Linnen Cloth of
1 • ' 1 ■ • - - Sky
 to the Eaft-Indies.
Sky colour, and attended by Interpreters. They Were
fo complaifant, as to croft a Canal of fair Water with
theDtff^to fhew them a place of fteih Water. And they
came together to a Village of about twenty Houfes,
neatly built of Palm-Tree Timber; which was the
firft place that afforded them the opportunity of feeing
the Pepper Plant, which rifes up upon thick and high
Reeds like Hops; and at which they bought as much
Pepper as the Indians would fell them.
They alfo bought fome Cloves and Nutmegs, Ci¬
trons, Pumpkins, and Palin Wine ; but could procure
no Flelh. In ,this plate the Women wear very large
Bracelets, and a kind of Petticoats made of Callico
from the Waft downwards, with a piece of Cloth to
cover their Breafts. Part of their Hair hangs down
their Shoulders, and the reft is tied up in Treffes.
After this four Canons came on board the Pinnace,
and brought Hens, Rice, Pepper, and Caxias to fell.
In the mean time a Gun went off by accident, which
fo feared the Indians, that they took their Shields,
haled a little brafs Patercroe on Ihoar, and threatned
the Dutch with their Arms, thinking they had commit¬
ted an Ad of Hoftility. The Seamen belonging to
the Sloop rovved to the fhoar, but fome Indians that
were on board the Canon, got thither before them,
and hinder’d the Dutch from coming near it.
To prevent the ill Confequences, and bad Opinion
they might have of them, the Dutch went on board
their Ship again, where they found the Aimadis wait¬
ing for the payment of twelve pieces of Eight for .
Caxias, which the Dutch had bought of them. Thefe
Caxias are a kind of Mony of worle allay than Lead,
of which they firing loo together, and call it Vna
Santa dc Caxias, or Caxas.
The 14th the Crew of the Lion met with a little
Pirogue or Indian Boat, and by figns perfwaded her
to go on board the Maurice. Accordingly one of the
Indians went on board , and offered the Dutch to
guide them to Bantam, on condition that each Ship
fhould give him five pieces of Eight.
fane the 17th being under fail, a Pirogue of Suma¬
tra came on board the Maurice which belonged to the
Pilot, who was aboard the Ship. She had fourteen
T^en: in her, two of which came on board, and pay’d
' their
 The Firjl Voyage of the Dutch
rheir refpe&s to the Samanar or Pilot, holding his left
foot in their Hands, and gcntiy ftroaking his Leg up
to the Knee; after which they ftroak’d him from
the lower part of his Face, to the Crown of his
Head.
The iBtb theyfaw a great flight: of Birds, which
were as big as Ravens, but more like Bats; for they
had no Feathers. They do a great deal of harm to
the Trees and Herbs, and oblige the Country People
to watch all Night upon the top of the Trees, tho’ all
their caution is not fufficient to keep off fuch mifchie-
vous Birds. The Indians eat them, and fay they are as I
good as Partridges.
The fame day two other Pirogues came on board the
Maurice, in one of which was a very grave Indian,
doathed with fine Callico ftrip’d with Gold’. The
other Indians proffer’d fome Betela, Arecea, and Cora
to fell, and the Dutch bought it all, giving them Lin-
nen Cloth for it; but the Indians ftole a Shirt, and
fome pieces of Lfenen Cloth.
Here it will not be improper to defcribe the Trees
and Fruits which the Dutch faw at Sumatra, The
Indian Palm-Tree which grows cyery where in the
Indies, is of four kinds. The fi;ft js that which produ-
ceth Coco, the nioft ufeful Tree in tb,e World, ft grows
very high and ftrait, and has no Branches, but in the
top, which fpreads out like the Tale-tree. The Fruit
grows very low juft by the Trunk, in clutters often, or
twelve together. Its Flowers are like thofe of the
Chcfnut-Tree : It never thrives but near the Water fide,
or in fandy places.
It hath fo little Root, that one would admire how it
can ftand fo fall in the Ground, and yet it is fo firm,
and to high, that’tis a furprifal to fee a Man at the
rop of it. The Canarins o,r Peafants make notches
like ftep?,of Ladders upon the Tree, and then climb
fo fail rp the top, that no Monkeys can hardly be
nimbler.
;Thefe Xrces areas common in Sumatra, as Olive-
Trees in Spain, and Willows in Holland. It? Wood
though very fpungy, is good for many things, particu¬
larly by reafo.n of its taflnefs. They build'whole Ship
of ir, without any Irtjn-work; for the Wood is joyn-
ed and tyed with .Cords made of iCcco-Jhells, and de
Sadi
 to the Eaft-Tndies. 13 9
Sails are made of the Leaves ; with, the fame Leaves
they cover their Houfes, and like wife make their Um-
brellos, Mats, Tents, and fine Hats, which arc ve¬
ry proper for the Summer, by reafon of their light-
nefs.
The Natives Plant abundance of thefe Trees for .
two reafons. Firft for the fake of the Nuts, and Se¬
condly, to make Wine out of it. The Nuts are as
big as Oftrich Eggs, covered with a green Ihell, while
the Fruit is on the Tree, but when the Fruit is ga¬
thered and dry, the fiiell peels off like Flax, of which
they make their Cairo, that is, all manner of Cables
and Ropes for the ufe of Ships; they likewife caulk
their Ships with it, in ftead of Tow and Moffe.
When the Fruit begins to be ripe, its full of a ve¬
ry clear Water, which is fweet and cooling, and ve¬
ry pleafant to drink. Each Lanbo , which is an un¬
ripe Coco, contains above half a Pint of this Water,
which turns by degrees into fmall white Grains or
Kernels, of the'fame tafte with-fmall Nuts,- but much
fiveeter. The inward Pill under the Ihell, and which
in time grows as hard as Wood, is good to eat with
a little Salt, and is of an extraordinary pleafant taft,
when it is thin and tender; but when its grown quite
hard, they make Spoons, Cups, and other Utenfils of
it. The Smiths alio burn it for Coals, and make a ve¬
ry hot fire with it.
The Indians beat the Kernel or little white Grains
inaMortar, of which they make a fore of Milk, which
they boil with Rice and other Ingredients, bur, the
S r People and Slaves eat them raw. They alfc
great quantities of them to tranfport into foreign
Countries, and make an Oyl of ir, which is very good
to eat, and to burn, and of a Phyfical ufe. While the
Coco is in the Ihell, it may be tranlported into all
S rts of the World, without being Ipoiled: And it
netimes happens, that the water within it turns in¬
to a kind of yellow Apple, which is very healthful
and pleafant. When the Indians draw VVine from
the Coco Trees, and not from the Fruit, they cut off
the Flowers, and find under them a round lheath which
they call Coliao, and flop with Clay, fo that the Air
cannot get intp ir. Some days after they open it, and
? Liquor called joy them Sura, comes out of it, which
 The jirfl Voyage of the Dutch
is fweeter and more pleafanr to drink than Whey.'
But if you let it (land in the Sun above an hour, it
turns into excellent Vinegar, which is fo much e-
fteem'd, that all the Indians ufe no other. Befides they
diftil Ftdn, or Nyna from it, which is a fort of Bran¬
dy, as ftrong and as good as that which is bought at
prancfort.
They alfo make Artec a out of it, which is the In¬
dian Wine, and is ftrong enough, though they drink
it like water. The Portuguefe prepare it fo well with
Raifins and other Ingredients, that it is as good as
any of their Portugal VVine. They alfo make the Su¬
gar, which is called Jagra, with the fame Sura, but
tis not- at all valued, becaufe brown and white Sugaris
plentiful enough in the Indies.
The infidc of the Coco-Tree, which the Portuguefc
call Palmiro, is much efteemed, and is commonly us’d
as a Prefent for great and rich Men. It is as thin and
white as Paper, and is naturally clofe or plaited, be¬
ing long and narrow, and having from fifty to fixty
plaits, and more, like a quire of Paper. The Indians
ufe it as we do Paper, writing upon it with ftyles of
Iron when it is green, and then the writing can ne¬
ver be defac’d. They call it Olla, and with it write
all their Books, Memorials, I3c. which they feal up
as we do our Letters. j
The Second fort of Palm-Trees is called by the;
Portuguefc Artequero, of which we will treat here¬
after.
The Third fort is the Palm-Tree that brings forth
Dates, which is called Tamar, and is very common in
Bar bar?, efpecially in the Ifland of Gerby, of which
anon.
The Fourth fort is called Latone in the Malm
Language. That Tree brings forth a Fruit about the
bignefs of a Cherry, of an Orange colour, having an
indifferent big Kernel, of which they make a thick,
wholfom, and palatable Oyl of the fame colour.
They fay its the Female of the firft Palm-Tree. There
is two forts of it in Guinea. We will fpeak of it when
we come to the Defcription of Java.
At Sumatra they faw abundance of Pananes, or Indi¬
an Figs, which (erves the Natives for a great part of
their Food. Though there are fe veral forts of Figs in the
India,
 to the EafWndies. 141
Indies, fome of which are bigger, and better than o-
thers, yet almoft all of them are of the fame figure
and colour. The Tree is no higher than a Man. Its
Leaves are a Fathom long, and three Spans broad. The
Turks make ufe of them to cover Pepper.
This Tree has no Wood, and in truth ’tis rather a
Shrub than a Tree, the Leaves fpread when it is half
as high as a Man , and while the frelh Leaves are
(hooting forth, the others dry, till the (lirub is come to its
Perfection, and the Fruit is formed. The Stalk is not
above a Span thick, and fo tender, that you may ea-
(iiy cut it with a Knife.
In the middle of the Leaves, while the Plant grows,
there grows a Flower as big as an Oltrich Egg, of a
Perfian colour. This Flower in time brings forth a long
Bough, which is not properly Wood, but like the Stem
of a Cabbage, and is full of Figs, as big at firft as
large Beans. Then the Figs grow a Span long, and '
three or four Inches thick like a Cucumber.
The Stamp or Bough bears about 200 Figs cling¬
ing as thick and clofe together, as a bunch of Grapes,
and fo heavy, that a ftrong Man can hardly carry
them. They cut them off when they are but half ripe,
that is to fay, half green and half yellow ; and then
hang the Bough upon a little Joyft, after which they
ripen in four or five days.
Each Shrub bears only one Bough, and when they
cut the Bough, they alfo cut the Shrub at the Root;
which foon after fprouts forth, and in a Months time
grows as high as it was before, fo that it produces Figs
all the year round, in incredible quantities.
The Figs have Husks like the Husks of Beans, which
are whitilh, on the infide foft, and as eafie to chew,
as a mixture of Flower and Butter. They are very
fweet, and of an excellent tafte, and are in a manner
Bread and Butter. One may live upon them very well
without any other Suftenance, as many of the Indi¬
ans do.
The Dutch faw likewife at Sumatra, a fort of
black and round Pepper, whofe Plant grows as we faid
before, on a high and thick Reed, which brings forth the
'labaxir, that is fold in Perjia at its weight in Silver.
But when they opened thefe Reeds, they found no Ta-
baxir in them.
Pepper
 The Firfi Voyage of the Dutch
Pepper grows upon little Boughs or Sprigs ■ as
Juniper-Berries do. Ir is green till it is ripe and dry,
and then ’tis black. They gather it in December and
January, The Pepper Leaves are like Orange-Tree
Leaves, but fomwhat leffer ; they are green and
lharp pointed, and apt to bite the Mouth when you
cbaw them.
It grows like a bunch of Grapes, though not quite
fo big, orfo thick, but thicker than Strawberries. There
is plenty of it in Malabar, Onor, Barfelar, Mangakr,
Calecut, Cranganor, Cochin, Coulan, Queda, (which is
)
not far from Malacca Pedir, Camper, Ancbagir, Dam¬
pen, and in feveral ocher places of Sumatra. Some
grows alfo in the South of Bantam and Java. The
Malaias call it Lada , the Javans Sahang, and the
Malabres, Melanga. You find in the fame places white
Pepper of the feme taft and ftrength as black Pepper.
There is no difference betwixt them, but in the outward
Rind, which is white and fmooth.
The long Pepper grows chiefly in Bengali, though
indeed there is tome in Java, the Fruit is about the
length of a tag of a Point, but thicker. It is wrinck-
led, and Alh-coloured, and has the fame taft with the
black Pepper.
The Pepper which they call the Canarins, or the
Boors Pepper, becaufe none but poor People ufe it,
groweth in Goa and Malabar , and is like French
Wheat, but A(h-coloured, and hollow on the infide
with Kernels.
The Indians and other 'People of the Eaft, con-
fume great quantities of Pepper, and much more ir.
proportion than all the other Nations to which it is
Tranfported $ for they feldom drefs any thing without
throwing a handful of whole and unpounded Pepper
into it.
Ac Sumatra they likewife met with a Root much
like Ginger, called in Latin Crocus Indicus, or Indian
Saffron, and Cunhet in the Maldian Tongue. It grow-
ech like Lillies, and brings forth white Lillies. It is
yellow on the infide, knotty, brittle, and waterilh.
When you chaw it yon cannot feel the ftrength, but a
little while after it fees the Mouth all in a fire. There is
,
. plenty of it in Madagafcar Java, and feveral other
places in the Indies.
 to the Eaft-Indies. 143
* It is not vefy Important to know whether the I-
' fland which the'ancients called Taprobana, is the fame
‘as Sumatra, or that of Ceilon; fince we here only-
‘ treat of the Ifland of Sumatra : fome pretend it is the '
‘Illand of Ofhir, where Solomon fent for Gold.
‘ Sumatra is fituated over againft Malacca, at the di-
‘ fiance of ten Leagues from the Continent, and fome
‘ are of opinion, that it was formerly joyned to it.
‘ And though the Curiofity of this Age hath in a man-
‘ ner left nothing unknown, yet a great many are of
‘ different opinions concerning its Extent. Some Wri-
1 ters affirm it is 700 Leagues in Circumference, and
‘100 in Breadth: Others fay, it is but J7° German.
'Leagueslong, and 60 broad.
‘ Thole that dwell in the Middle of this Ifland, are
‘ dire&ly under the Eqmnotiial Line ; fo that one half
‘reaching to the South, and the other half to the North,
‘the whole readies from the 16 Deg. of South Lati-
‘ tude, to the Latitude of five Deg. North.
‘ The Ifland is very rich in Gold, and is ftor’d
‘withSilver, Pewter, Iron, Brimftone, and feveralother
‘Mines. Here is abundance of Copper, of which they
‘ make good Guns; feveral forts of precious Stones;
‘and a Mountain of burning Brimftone, which conti-
1 nually blows out flames like Mount Gibello in Sicily ;
‘ ’tis faid it has alfo a Fountain of Balm. It abounds
‘ with Spices and Silks.
‘ But the Air is not very wholefom, efpecially for
‘ Strangers, becaufe there are fo many Rivers, ftand-
‘ ing Waters, and thick Forefts in it. There is no
' Wheat, nor any other fort of Corn that groweth in
1 Europe. But there is plenty of Rice, Millet, and
Fruits, which afford a good and fufficient Nourifh-
ment for the Inhabitants. It affords likewife abun¬
dance of Honey, Bees-wax, Ginger, Camphire, Caflia,
Pepper, ©c. white Sanders, and efpecially Cotton, of
which the Inhabitants make their Garments.
‘The Ifland of Sumatra is divided into feveral King¬
doms yet unknown, efpecially thofe that lie in the
middle, The Portuguefe mention but two inland
Kingdoms, namely Andragidan, and Aman, the Inha¬
bitants of which are Pagans and Men-Eaters; thofe
that inhabit the Coafts, are Mahometans.

‘The
144 the firfiVoyage of the Dutch
' The Kingdom of Pedir is one of the moft noted,
‘ next to thofe of Paean, Cam-par an ana Manancabo,
‘ where they make the beft Crifes or Daggers in In-
‘ dia, which thofe of Java, and the Maldians efteuh
‘ the beft Weapons for ufe. But Aehem is now recko-
* ned to be the moft confiderable Kingdom of Suma-
* tra, becatife the King of that Country has not only
‘conquer’d Pedir and Lacan, but alfo all the Northern
‘ parts of the Ifland.
The Portunicfe are in poffeflion of no place in Su¬
matra, and nave only the liberty of trading thither, as
all other Nations have. ’Tis true, they have attempt¬
ed formerly to make fome Conquefts; and fome of
tfiem to this day, receive Pay from the King of Portu¬
gal, npon the fcore of Intriguing , and endeavouring
to execute that defign. But they never had any Suc-
cefs. We (hall fpeak of the City of Acbem, the ca¬
pital of the Kingdom, and of the Kings Court, in
George Spilberts Journal,
January the 19?/;, 1596. the Dutch Ships edging near
a little Town, a great many Piroqttes of Sumatra
came on board them, and brought Coco-Nuts, Pep¬
per, Cloves, Nutmegs, Hens, Oranges, &c. The In¬
habitants asked the Dutch, whether they came from
Goa, or from Cochin, and if they were going to Ban¬
tam. TbeDutch told them, yes, and gave them Knives
in exchange for their Commodities.
The Dutch continued under fail till the lid of the
fame Month, and in the Streight of the Sunda, oppo-
fite to Bantam Road, without advancing much farther.be-
caufe of Currents and contrary Winds in that Streight;
From Midnight till ten in the Morning, the Wind was
ftill Eaiterly, and after that it turn'd always Wefterly,
and continued fo till Flight, which made the paflage of
the Streight very difficult.
The 23d the Commiflionefs of each Ship affuiri’d the
Title of Captains, and Cornelius Hootman was made
Captain Major. Thar fame day they faw in the Bay
of the Ifland of Java, a Veflel called by the Inhabi¬
tants a Jonque: She had a Fore-Maft, a Main-Mad,
and a Mizzen-Maft, with a Main-Sail, and a Sprit-
Sail. She look’d afar off like a Herring Fifher-Boat,
• but was quite another thing in her manner of fail*
ing.
The
 to the Haft-Indies.
The Sails were woven with Rufhes. The Shrouds
were made of the fame Materials: The Bulk of the
Ship was joyned together after the fame manner.as a
Cooper joyns the head of a Cask. She Was of about
50 or 40 Tuns. The Deck was cover’d with Ru/hes,
as fome Country-Mens Houfes are in Holland.
When rhe Jowjucs have the Wind a ftern, they
fallen the Ropes of the MlzzenSail to the Fore-Maft,and
thofe of the Main Sail to the other. The Sails are
fowed to the Ratingues below, and at the top at the
fame diftance ; fuch a way of Rigging a Ship, is alto¬
gether new and extraordinary to an European.
They faw alfo near the City of Bantam, above fix-
ty little Barks, which the Inhabitants call Praos, Pratt-
i«», or Pirogues. The Sails and Tackling are the fame
with thofe of the Jonqucs. Thofe were Fiihermens
Boats, returning back to Bantam, which made the
Dutch conclude, the City was very populous.
About Evening a Pirogue with fix Port'uguefe and their
Slaves, came on board the Maurice. They faid they
were fent by the Governor, and by the Inhabitants,
who were in a ftrange Confternation at the arrival of
the Dutch Ships, and asked them whence they came.
The Dutchmen madeanfwer, they came from Holland
to traffick peaceably with them. The Portuenefe told
them, they were indeed in a trading Country, but that
the time and opportunity was not favourable, becaufe
they had fent to China butfive days fince, Vefiels loaded
with Pepper, which the Chinefe call Sommes, and the
Impics they faw in the Morning at Anchor in the Bay,
"ere loading along the Coaft.
The Portuguefe were civil and kind enough to the
Dutch ■ who' asked them news of the King, and of the
Country. They told them that the King had been kil-*
H in befieging Palimham, a City in the Ifland of
Sumatra, which rebelled againfthim; and that his Ar-
®y, though poflefs’d of part of the Town, being put
bto diforder by his Death, had been forced to retire;
That when the Navy went out of Bantam to go to’
Sumatra, it confided of above 200 Sail, and that the
Nt number of People that were on board the Fleer,
Ned a great Famine, and deftroy’d many of them.
Jhat the King had left only one' Son, who was bur
Months old, and the' Inhabitants had ehofen for
h their
 The Firjl Poyage ef the Dutch
their Governor a Noble-Man called Cbejlate, who
was the Father of one of the late King’s Wives.
Some of thofe Portuguefe faid, they had been at
Tetmate, on board Sir Thomas Cavendifh his Ship. They
gave them alfo an account of Captain Lancafters great
Expedition,and the havock he had made among the Per-
tugucfe, and Indian Ships in the Streight of Malacca.
The Dutch told them they did not concern themfelves
with thofe things, but were only come to buy Commo¬
dities, and pay punctually for what they bought.
The Portuguefe defired them not to appear in fight
of the Ships that were fent by Don Antonio, lead it
ihould caufe a Mutiny or Tumult among the Sea¬
men, which might eafily happen by the means of feve-
ral Men that were banifiied at Pegu, Bengali, Ten-
nafferin, Martaban, and indeed all over the Indies.
They faid that thofe Men waited only for a Com¬
mander to head them; and in that cafe their Party
would grow very ftrong and numerous; but that it
was dangerous to truft them, who to redeem themlelves
from Banifhment, would reward their Partizans with
treafotiable Pra&ices.
The Dutch defired thefe Envoys to prefent their Ser¬
vices to the Emperor, and afifure him they were come
upon no other defign, but to trade peaceably. Upon
which the Portuguefe leaned well pleafed, and fore-
turned.
The fame day the Sabandar, who is the firft Officer
of the Court, and judges all affairs relating to
Taxes, came on board the Holland, to know the oc-
cafion of the arrival of the Dutch Ships. They told
him as before, that they were come only to buy Pep¬
per and other Spices, and had brought good Money
and Mcrchandife to pay for them, and ihew’d at the
fame time lome pieces of Money to the Officer, whol
was very well Satisfied, and told them they were
come to a good trading place, and that in few days'
they fhould have their Lading. In fine, he dew’d i
great deal of Friendlhip and civility to the Dutch.
June the z$th, a great many of the Inhabitants cai«
on' board, brought feveral forts of Commodities, if
exprefled great kindnefs to the Dutch. They acquaint'
ed ’em that there was Pepper enough to lade d®1
Ships, and befidcs that, in a Months time the
Pepp£
 to the Eaft-Iddies.
Pepper Would be gathered. Ac the fame time they
reprefented, that it was this year, as good, as fine, and
as cheap as it had been thefe ten years. And that one
might buy five or fix Sacks for one Cati, which is
about nineteen Florins ; whereas at other times three
Sacks coil as much again A Sack weighs fifty four
or five pounds Dutch Weight; fo that the pound of
Pepper was not above 15 Deniers, or five Far¬
things.
In the Afternoon the Sabandar came on beard the
Holland again, and defiled Captain Major Hootmanto
come a-ihoar, and pay a vifit to the Governor. Hoof
mm told him, that bv his Commiflion he had not the
power to do it, but if the Governor would be pleafed
to come on board his Ship, he would accompany him
to the City. The Sabandar propofed alfo, chat the
Ships ihould Anchor nearer the fhoar, which the Dutch
confented to ; and the fame day they caft Anchor un¬
der Pido Panjdn, that is, the long Ifland, diftanc about
two Leagues from Bantam.
As foon as they were anchor’d, the Admiral whom
they call Tomongon Angabaia, came on board, and told
the Dutch by his Interpreter, that the Governor affu-
ted them of his Friendihip, and would ferve them with
all his power. They thank’d him, and return’d the
feme Complement. The Sabandar cartie again a little
while after, attended by the fame Portuguefc they had
feen before, to give frelh alfurances of Friendihip from
the King and Council; and brought with him a great
many Hens, Goats, Fruits, and other Refrelhments^
telling the Dutch, that any thing that was in the Coun¬
try was at the fervice of all honeft Merchants, of what
ever Nation they were.
Thofe aflurances of Friendihip and Protection ap¬
pear'd much more fincereto the Dutch, becaufe rheyfaw
nBmtam, Chinefe, Arabians, Perjtans, Moors,Turks, Ma-
hkmns, Peguans, and other Merchants of fevetal Nati-
Ms, who were all. very kind and civil to them, nor
Mly in Words, but in their Actions while they behaved
'bemfelves well, and did not provoke them.
About Noon the Sabandar went to Town, but the
fatumfe ftay’d add feafted all the Afternoon with the
M?. They adviled them to miftruft the Inhabitants
™ fan, becaufe they were not true to their Word,
L % befideS
148 The Firfl Voyage of the Dutch
befides that', they had very light Fingers; in fine they
convinc’d them, that they ought to truft no body, but to
believe their own Eyes.
The next day the Admiral and the Sabandar came
on board again, and proffer’d to the Dutch all that was
in the GovernourV power, and what ever they want¬
ed ; and withal, advifed the Dutch not to truft the IV-
tuguefe, who hadflander’d them already, and were(0
deceitful, that no body could know their Hearts.
A certain Black,a Qttiltinman, commonly called Qni!-
lin Pan/an, or Long Quillhi, came on board alfo from
the Governor, and laid that the whole Kingdom de¬
filed a Service from the Dutch, vi\. to go before Pj-
limbam, in the Ifland of Sumatra, and to batter the
place with their Artillery, while thofeof Bantam ftoufd
land fome Troops to take the Town, and they would
give it up to them to be plundered ; but the Dutch refit-
fed it as civilly as they could, telling him they were
come only to Trade, and not to make Wv
The 16 Merchants of fcveralKnnons can.: „-i board,
and they traded together; but every me advilcd
the Dutch to be very clofe, and to miftruli the Pit-
tuguefe.
The 17th in the Morning feveral Pirogues came
on board the Dutch Ships, and amongft others that
of the Sabandar, who inrreared the Dutch very ear-
neftly, to come and vilit the Governor, and purluaw
to the ufual Cuftom. to make him a LJrelent from
their King or Superiors, as a Mark of Alliance and
Peace. Upon fo prefling a So’licitarion, the Dutchkti
four chofcn Men, with Glades of fine Cryftal, a Look-
ing-glafs g;k, and a piece of Scarlet Cloth.
Coming into the Town they met with the Pcrtt-
guefe , who with their ordinary diffcmbling faluted
them, and made them great Complements. The h
bandar conduced them to the Palace of the Gover
nor, who was at Dinner; they waited till he had di¬
ned, and faw before his Palace a brafs Gun, abou:
two Spans in Diameter, five Granadoes, as big os i
Bean , and fome other little Cannons, with a Mortal
. piece.
As foon as they were admitted before the Govet
nor, they made him their Prefents, and invited bit
, to come on board their Ships to fee their OfScOT
 to the Eaft-Indies. >49
and make an Alliance with them. He anfwer’d them
by his Interpreter, that he would confider of it. Af¬
terwards they went to the Palace of the Sabandar,
who prefented them with Sweet-Meats. The King
and his Council fent them alfo Prefents of Hens, He-
Goats, Fruits, and other Refrefhments, which they car¬
ry'd on board with them.
The next day the Dutch had notice that the Gover-
nour would come to vifit them, and they prepared to
receive him. They (ingled out fome of their number
to go and meet him, anjl in cafe the Governor (hould
make any fcruple to come, they had orders to offer
to remain as Hoftages. The Dutch being near Ban-
um, the famefl«t///« Panjan, Inhabitant of St. Thomas
of Mcliaput, a Town firuated upon the Coaft of C’o-
rmundel, and the Governor’s Interpreter came to meet
them, and told them, that the Governor flay'd for their
Captain in the Harbour, and that he defired the Cap¬
tain to come apd fetch him.
Upon that advice the Deputies came on board a-
gain, and acquainted the Captain Major of whar the
Interpreter faid to them, The Captain Major went
in a Sloop prefently, ard fent word to the Governor
of his coming to wait on him. In the mean while the
hbrndar came on board the Sloop, and importun’d
the Dutch to come on (hoar, and offer’d to flay him-
felffor an Hoftage. But the Dutch would not do it, and
perfifted in faying, that the chief Offic ers (hould not
come a-fhoar, till an Alliance (hould be made between
them and the Inhabitants. The Portugucfc who were
there alfo, faluted the Officers, and made them great
Complements.
Ac length the Governor went out of the Harbor
with (ixteen great Pirogues, and the Dutch Captain
met him, and going on board the Governors Pirogue,
fat by him ; they talked of the United Provinces, and
tlie Governor asked him, how many Ships the States
could Equip in a year; and in how many Months
•key would be in coming to Bantam; but chiefly he
enquired whether the Dutch intended to make more
'han one Voyage.
While they were fo difeourfing, they arrived onboard
the Dutch Fleet, where the Governor and thofe that
wended him were received with all marks of Di-
L 3 ' ftintffion
xyo The Fttfi Voyage of the Dutch
ffiri&ion and Refped by the Cbmmiffioners. Never-
thelefs being invited into the Captain’s Chamber,
he began to tremble, thinking they were going to dap
him in Prifori $ at length by the Sollicitation of the
Sabandar, and of the 1'morgop, he went into the Cap.
tains Chamber ; where among other favours, he affu;
red them, that no Merchant Ihould buy any Spices be¬
fore their Ships fhould have taken in fuch loading as
they defired.
The Governor having a great mind to fee the Mep-
chandife the Dutch brought, they (hew’d him pieces of
Velvet and Scarlet Cloth, and made him a new Prefent
of a piece of Scarlet Cloth, and fome days after they
prelented him with a piece of green Velvet. He view¬
ed the Ship from the top to the bottom, and defired
they would make a difcharge of their Artillery, when
he ihould go away, which was done accordingly. The
Sabandar flay’d on board to have the pleafure to fee the
Difcharge, and afterwards went away to joyn the Go¬
vernor.
All the whole Court was richly cloathed after their
own faihion, which is much the fame as that of the
Inhabitants of Sumatra. They exprefs’d in their dif-
courfe no great efteem for the Portuguefe ; nay the S,i-
bandar faid, thir the Portuguefe had offer’d to the Ci¬
ty of Bantam 200000 Ducats for the Ifland of Fib
Banyan, but they had been refufed, becaufe they were
fufpeded; and becaufe they would certainly have built
a Fort in it, and fo have ruined Bantam, where no
Jonque nor any Veffel can go, without going under that
Ifland.
July the ift, 1596. Cornelius Hootman went to Bmr
tarn, attended by nine Men. They were received by
the Governor, and by the Lords of the Court very ci¬
villy after their manner; they ihew’d them the Letters
Patents, and Commiflions of his Highnefs the Print!
of Orange, which gave them power to make Alliances
for the better fecurity of Trade, and that they might
enjoy the fame Priviledges that other Merchants ®
joy’d in the Country. That Commifiion was prefentij
tranflated into Portuguefe and Arabian. Then the DM'-1
defired the Court to give them an Affurance and Pw
te&ion in Writing, which they promifed to give, tn
firft time they Ihould come to Court again.
 to to the Eaft-Indies. 151
The fame Evening they faw a great Lord or Prince
arrive at Bantam. The Portuguese gave him thfeTitle of
Emperor, becaufe his Father had an Abfolute Empire
over all the Kings of Java; but they took no notice
of him, becaufe he hadrefided a long while • at Ma¬
lacca, and had a great Kindnefs for the Portuguese,
whom they hated for fear of being made fubjed to
them.
However, this Prince was very well receiv’d eve¬
ry where: The Kings themfelves came holding up
their Hands to fpeak foith him as Slaves. They ac¬
cus’d him of being a great Drunkard, and very
prodigal.
This Prince, King cr Emperor, came the the id
of June on board the Maurice, with his two Sens and
fome Portuguese> They view’d the Ship every where,
and went to fee the other two great Ships, examin¬
ing every thing. The Emperor profer’d his Services
to the Dutch, and made them great Promifcs.
He was cloath’d with fine Callico that had a Ground
of Gold. His eldeft Son was a fine comely young
Prince, about 20 Years old, and had on his Girdle a
rich oval Jewel of Gold, fet with feveral precious
Stones very big; moft of them were Emeralds and
Rubies.
The 3d the Captain-Major went on (hoar again to
defire the Governour to confirm the Alliance propos’d
and agreed upon the firft Day of the fame Month.
In order to that, the Dutch had drawn fome Articles
ready to be fign’d ; the Subftanceof which.was, that
they fhould keep an inviolable and mutual Faith;
and if any one fhould infiilt or moleft one of the
Parties, they fhould join together againft him, and re¬
lift Force by Force.
When Captain Hooiman went to Town, he was at¬
tended by feven or eight Men in Velvet and Sattin
Gloaths, with Swords by their Sides; fome walking
before, and fome after him, and one held a Parafal o-
ver his Head. A Trumpet march’d before founding
now and then, and ten or twelvs Seamen clos’d the
March.
They met the Emperor in the Way, who con¬
duced them to his Palace otic of the Town; for
ibe Bantamitet will not permit him to ly within the
L 4 Walls i
 7he Firfl Voyage of the Dutch
Walls ; and he order’d a fine Collation of Fruits of
Java, and of Conferves, to be ferv’d up. The Pot-
tagiie^e, who pretended to be great Friends to the
Dutch, accompany’d them to the City, and defir’d
them to do them the Honour to come into their Hou-
fes, where a great Entertainment was prepar’d for
them. The Dutch, who would not deny them, were
extreamly well entertain’d. In fine, the Portuguese
cave them a thoufand Careffes and falfe Proofs of
Friendfhip : One of them who had feen Captain Hoot-,
man at Lisbon, ask’d him in jeft if he had been made a
Puke fince.
The Captain-Major came on board again in the Eve¬
ning, and brought the Articles fign’d by the Gover-
nour; by which it was agreed that the Dutch fhould
' have the Liberty for the future to trade fafely and qui¬
etly with the Btntamitcs.
The fame Day the Sabmidar had been on board the
Lion of Holland.. This Nobleman was very well affe¬
cted to the Dutch, and did them great Services after.
He told them that Day the Price and the Weight of
Pepper, advifing them to buy fome without Delay ; be-
caufe it was cheaper than it had been for tenYears before.
However, the Council of the Fleet did not think fit
to buy a Stock yet, and fo it was refolv’d to tarry til!
the new Crop.
July s. Quillin Panjan came on board the Maurice
from the Govcrnour, to give notice to the Dutch to
be upon their Guard ; becaufe the Emperour whom
they nam’d paia d'Amn.t, mif-lcd and feduc’d by the
Portuguese, was to come and attack them, under pre¬
tence of a Vifit.Upon that Advice they call’d a Council,
. and prepar’d themfelves to receive him , having charg’d
their Cannons with Bullets, and arm’d every Man.
The 6th the Governour fent an Exprefs with the
fame Errand, and to give them notice that there was 5
great Murmuring and DiffenfionintheTown ; and that
the meft part pf the common People had a Mind tc
attack them j but the more moderate among them
would nqt'confent to it. The Dutch, feeming to take
no notice of fuch an Advice, fent a Man to the .&t-
bandar s Houle, under pretence of fome Commiflion,
where he found fixty Muskets charg’d, which fright-
’ ed him very much j but the Sabandar bid him fear
 to the EafMndies.
nothing ; and that the Arms he faw, were oniy to turn
the Emperor out of tha Town.
It was really fo j for this Prince had a great
Party in Bantam, and they were afraid he would
make himfelf Mailer of the Town. Therefore the
Sitbandar charg’d the Dutchman to tell his Mailers to
take care of themfelves; for the Emperor was fol-
iiciting the Nobility to furnilh him with Men to
execute his Defign : And I’ll alTure you, faid he, that
the Nobility cannot in Honour deny him, and mud
march in Perfon with hirfi; but we will give you a Sig¬
nal of Advice, and keep our felves out of the Can¬
non /hot.
It appear’d by all thefe Circumftances, that the Em-,
peror, feduc’d by the Promifes of the Portuguese, and
in hopes of making a great Booty by the plundering
of the Dutch Ships, refolv’d to attack them ; but fuf-
pedling that the Dutch had notice of his Defign, he
took other Meafures. He prepar’d a great Feafl, where
all the Captains and Mailers of Ships, Trumpets and
Mulicians were invited. The 8f/j of the Month was
the Day appointed fpr that great Entertainment.
The 7th, the Dutch fent two Officers to the Govern-
our and to the Emperor, to fpeak with them, and defire
them not to attempt any thing-againft the Dutch Ships,
becaufe they ftood upon their Guard ; and if they ihould
attack them, they would find fuch Refiftance, that they
would be oblig’d to retire with the Lofs of their Ho¬
nour and their Men. They defir’d them alfo not to
believe the falfe Reports of the Portuguese, who flan-
der’d them only for their own Ends, and would
have them to pafs for Englifh Pirates, a Nation fear’d,
and odious in that Country for the great Diforders they
committed three Years before.
The Emperor look’d furpriz’d at this Speech, android
the Officers he knew nothing of all rhis. He defir’d
only that the Officers of the Ships, and thofe that were
invited, Ihould not fail to come the next Day, which he
would take as a Mark of their Confidence and Friend¬
ship. The Envoys told him they would make their Re¬
port, and fo return’d back.
The 8th they fent a Deputy to the Emperor with a
frefent. When he was juft going off, an Exprefs came
“om the Emperor on board the Dutch Ships to condud
thofe

I
*54
thofe that had been invited to the Feaft : But they
excus’d themfelves, faying they were not very well, nor
in a Condition to go to a Feaft.
Before this Exprefs went away, the Dutch carry’d
him under Deck, and (hew’d him a great Quantity of
Arms, which fo frighted him, that for a long while he
could not fpeak. Then he. fate down, and ask’d the
Captain what Reafon he had to be fo angry. After
that he went away, and gave an Account to the Em-
perour of what he had feen ; and the whole City
was prefently alarm’d with it, and by that means
they were quite out of hopes of having an Opportunity
to attack and feize the Dutch Ships.
The Emperor having mifs’d his two Projedls,
made his Excufes to the Dutch, and aflhr’d them, that
if there had been any ill Defign againft ’em,he was very
innocent df it. Then having accepted of the Prefent
fent to him, he went the i itb to Jacatra, a Town li-
tuated in thelfland of Java, atthediftanceof to Leagues
from Bantam.
Whatever he Could fay to clear himfelf, it is certain
that the Portuguese promis’d hint 4000 Pieces of Eight
for the four Dutch Ships and all their Equipages. They
had dlfo perfwaded him, that if 20 Men only could
board each Ship, they would certainly be Matters of j
’em, and kill all the Seamen.
y«/> 9. a jonque caft Anchor in the Road of Bantam,
and after difcharging 8 Brafs Patercrocs, difplay’d a
white Flag for joy of their fafe Arrival. She was
a Bantam Ship coming from China, after a very long
Voyage.
The ilth feveral Merchants, Turks and Arabians,
came oti board the Dutch Ships. There was one a?
mong ’em nam’d Goia Plain, who had been formerly
at Venice,. and fpoke Italian. He faid he woula
think himfelf very happy in returning to Confiantinoplt
his own Country, by the Way of Holland; and that
he could not go by Acherii in the Ifland df Sumatra;
becaufe the King of that Country flopp’d all the Mer¬
chants, ahd had but lately taken two Bantam Jonqms.
For that purjpofe he offer’d to carry all his EffecSls a-
long Midi him, and'to make the Commiflioners his
Heirs in cafe he fliould die in the Voyage. He alfo
iffur’d th'e Dutch he had done all he could to dif-
 to the Eaft-Indies.
fwade the Emperor from his ill Defign againft them ;
and that he told him he would find more Difficulty
in ic chan he had found three Years before againft
a Portuguese Ship, which he attack’d and took before
Jartan, between Madura and Java.
The iyh theyfent three Men a-lhoar to meet the
Sdandar, who came on board with them. He delir'd
tie Captain-Major to go and confer with the Gover-
nour, offering to ftay in the Ship as an Hoftage. But
this Offer was not accepted. However, Hootman and
Renier Vn Hel offering to accompany him to Bantam, he
left his Eldeft Son in the Ship.
When they were arriv’d , at the Governour’s Houfe,
the Oaths were re-iterated on bothfides. The Dutch on
one part engag’d themfelves to aflift with all their Forces
the Governour and the Subje<fts,and to do peaceably and
honourably by ’em in the Way of Trading. On the
other part, the Governour promis’d to maintain and
protedt the Dutch againft their Enemies, and even a-
gainft the Emperor himfelf, if he fhould offer to infulc’
them again.
On the 14th Berner with 10 more brought into the
Town feveral Commodities to begin the Trade. They
gave him a Houfe built with Stone and Brick, which
was very convenient for holding and preferving the
Goods. Then the Sabandar came and advis’d them to have
a care ofgoing into every body’s Houfe,and to avoid go¬
ing often to any of them. But above all, he conjur’d ’em
to have no manner of Converfe with Women, or elfe
fome Mifchief or other would happen to them.
The fame Day a Javanois vificed them, and fhew’d
them their three Ships and the Pinnace, defign’d after
the fame manner as they rode at Anchor in Bantam-
Road, with the Prince’s Flag, which furpriz’d'them ex-
treamly.
The i5f/j the Fadtor of the Captain of the Malacca
dy’d at Bantam, and was much lamented as a very ho¬
ned Man, tho’ a Portuguese. For ic is certain he
had difprov’d the Confpiracy againft . the Dutch ,
and had oppos’d it with all his Power.
On the 9*6 in the Morning, the Governour,the Saban-
dm, and the Admiral, came'to the Dutchmens Houfe,
Where having feeri their Goods, they bought a great
" deal
 The Ftrjl Voyage of the Dutch
deal, to be paid only after the Crop of Pepper at the
then current Price.
The loth the Governour with his Father, attended
by feveral Gentlemen, went on board the Maurice.
They all exprefs’d a great Satisfaction to fee the four
Ships. -The Dutch having prcfented them with Glai’s
Wares and other things, they return’d back.
About the fame time fome Merchants of China and
Arabia profer’d to the Dutch fome Pepper to fell. But
Boatman and the Council thinking that the new
Pepper would be cheaper, would buy none, altho’
a Portuguese nam’d Pedro de Taj da, a Native of Ma¬
lacca, and who was really a very good Friend to
the Dutch, advis’d and urg’d them to buy up a Stock.
Other Merchants belides told them that it was as
cheap as it ever had been, and that it would be
certainly dearer as foon as the Merchants of China
arriv’d.
Pedro df layda was a famous Pilot, who had fre¬
quented,all the Coafts and Iflands of the Eajl-Iiidics,
and made Maps of them all, which he promis’d to
fhew the Dutch. This gave them great Hopes of
difeovering more of that Country, than he had dif-
cover'd to them before. But notwithftanding all that
this hoiieft Man could fay to perfwade them, it was
refolv’d that they fhould buy no Pepper. And at length
they delay’d fo long, that they loft the Opportunity, and
could get nothing but fome Refreftmenrs and Provifions,
fuch as Hens, Ducks, Oxen, and Fruits, which they
mighthave bought at any time.
In the mean while the Portuguese were not afleep.
They continually whifper’d into the Ears of the Gover¬
nour, thac the Dutch were Spies; they aliedg’d two Rea-
foils to prove what they laid. Firft, they lhew’d by their
Condud that they had no mind to trade, idly, It was
very improbable that they wou’d fail in fo great Ships,
and fo far off, with fo few Seamen; and confequently
one might conclude they had fome Rencounter in their
Voyage, in which the moft pare of their Men had been j
kill’d. They added to all this, thartbey had feen feve- j
ral Flemings and Dutchmen at Lisbon, but none like
thefc.
Thefe Reafons made fuch an Impreffion upon the
Governor’s Mindj that he began to give car to the
■ ' Pom
 to the Eaft-Indies. 15-7
Pinague^e, and fufpedt the Dutch $ efpeciaily confi-
dering that the Portuguese offer’d him a great Sum
of Money, to forbid the Dutch any Trade in the
Country.
The Governour having already carry’d off part of
the Goods he had bought of the Dutch, on condition to
give them Pepper for Exchange, was often in con¬
ference with the Chief Officers of the Fleet about
fetling the Price of Pepper. At Iaft he offer’d to
give them five Sacks for a Cati, dedtiding what he
ow’d them ; and he defir’d them to fer.d the Sacks
to his Houfe to be fill’d.
For that purpofe he bought all the Pepper the.
Merchants of China had, at the rate of fix Sacks
for a Cati, or at leaft, j 1 Sacks for two Catis.
But the Portuguese by their repeated and falfe Infi-
nuations, prevail’d fo much upon the Chief Lords of
the Court, and the Governour himfelf, that he re¬
fus’d to deliver the Pepper. Such Proceedings con¬
vinc’d the Dutch, that the Bantaniitcs had no mind
to difpatch them, but to wafte their Subfiance by
Delays.
Beiides, Pedro de Tayda acquainted them every day
with 11 that was concerted. This Man, who was
fincere, vifited often, and entertain’d a great Friend-
Ihip with the Dutch. And if he had liv’d longer, no
doubt but he would have difeover’d many things un¬
known to them, and very particularly concerning the
Etfl-Indics. But the Governour winking, at the Portu¬
guese, ill Defigns, Aug. 18. fixteen of thefe Profligates
went to Pedro Tayda s Houfe about Noon, and murder’d
him while he was afleep upon his Bed ; and no Inquiry
was made into fuch a horrid Murther.'
On the 23d the Arabians gave Advice to the Dutch,
that the Portuguese had concerted another ill Defign
againft them. The Governour and the Sabandar fee¬
ing their firft Attempt prov’d abortive, faid, it was
not defign’d againft the Dutch, but againft the City
of Bantam, which the Emperor would have furpriz’d ; as
being aflilted by fome petty Kings of his Party, in order
to take the Regency upon him, as belonging to him by
Right: and to compafs his Defigns, he had above 100
Eoifis or Galleys fitted out at Jacatra, call’d formerly
Callnfpta, But the Dutch, who were exa&Iy in¬
form’d
158 The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
form’d of all things, did not believe them, but flood
upon their Guard.
The Officers of the Fleet complain’d to the Gover-
nour, becaufe he would not deliver the Pepper he had
promis’d. They told him very freely, that fuch a
Prince as he was, failing in his Word, had not much
Honqur; and talk’d to him To boldly and fo big, that
they threatned him to burn the City of Bantam.
The Dutch bqught in the Bafar or Great Market, one
and twenty Sacks of Pepper, which they embark’d,
and pack’d up all their other Merchandice, with a De*
fign to fail from Bantam. The Portuguese had two
Jonques, which they were lading wich Cloves and o-
ther Goods for Malacca: and the Governour calling to
his Mind what he had done againft the Dutch, was a-
fraid they would take the two Jonques; and that the
Captain of Malacca would make him pay for ’em, as
being feiz'd in the Harbour of Bantam.
But, that which increafcd his Sufpicion and his Fear,
was, that the Dutch fent the Pinnace before the City to
found the Harbour every where , and to know at
what diftance they might approach it; or rather to
affront the Governour and fright the Inhabitants, who
remember’d what Hootman faid before tothe Governour.
This Motion oblig’d all the Ships of Java which were
at Anchor in the Road of Bantam, to cut their Cables,
and ly by the Shoar.
The Dutchmen, that were in the Town had alio
Advice, that great Preparations were making at Ja-
catxa to come and attack the Ships; which Advice
was immediately communicated to thofe that were on
board, to prevent their fending any more of their Sea*
men on (hoar. They fent alfo the Money the Governor
gave them.
Notwithftanding thefe Advices, Hootman with (even
Seamen went to the Governor, who had them arrefted,
becaufe, among other Words, Hootman bragg’d he
would take the two Jonques. The Governor lent im¬
mediately a Man to the Dutch Warehoufe to command
them to tarry there; affuring them at the fame time,
that they had no reafon to be afraid ; and that what he
did, was only occafion’d by feme paffionate Words ut¬
ter’d by the Captain.

The
 to the Eaft-Indies. IJ9
The Dutch who were aboard, not feeing the Sloop
return back, conjectur’d that fome ill Accident or Dif-
order had happen’d. They grumbl’d at it, and were
like to mutiny upon it; for they alledg’d, that ’twas
no Wonder the Regency would not buffer fo high
and threatning Words; or tamely fee fuch a Hand¬
ful of Strangers come and affront them in their own
Country, without being reveng’d.
On the 7.9th the Governour fent his Interpreter
with nine Slaves and one of the Dutchmen that was
in Town on board, to tell them that he had only
arretted their Companions to prevent the Captain’s
Threatnings; and he would keep them no longer than
the two fonques laden with Cloves, and bound to Ma¬
lta*, (hou’d fet out.
The Dutch, who wou’d not trull the governor, ar¬
retted the Interpreter, and put him in Chains in the
Mmice, with all his Slaves, except two, whom they
fent back to the Governor to tell him,if he did not releafe
the Dutchmen; they wou’d keep his Men Prifoners.
The Governor, who was then at the Sabandar's
1 Houfe at a Wedding-Feaft of this Officer’s fecond Son,
rofe from rhe Table in a great Paflion, and fwore, that
if his Interpreter was not releas’d before the Sun fet, he
would certainly put to Death all the Prifoners he had
; in his Hands. The Dutch Prifoners having notice of
! fuch a Refolution, fent Word to the Ships thac they
fiould releafe immediately the Governor’s Servants, and
that the lead Delay would expofe their Lives.
The Letter was brought by three Portuguese
Slaves, to whom they presently gave up two of the
Slaves, and told the Bearers, thac they would have
releas’d the reft if the Weather had been fairer, and
the Boat bigger to carry them.
The next Morning the Interpreter being releas’d,:
the Governor permitted the Sloop to go on board
the Ships with five Men only ; and thac the Free
Trade fhould continue as before, on condition the
Sloop fhould return the next day on lhoar with Com¬
modities. But the Dutch would fend nothing but a
few {{ealcs of Bight, and a Man to prefs the Prifoners
to ufe all means to be fee at liberty j for it was impoG
hble for the Ships to tarry long at Anshor, becaufc-
they had no more frelh Water.
The

i
 The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
‘The Man that was font a-lhoar, was kept Prifo*
net with the reft, under pretence that the was come a-
lone, and had brought no Merchandise. This De¬
tention having exafperatcd all the Ships Crew, they
found means to let the Prifoners know, that they
were refolv’d to come before the Town and batter it,
The Prifoners font them word they were all undone
if they fhould come to fuch an Extremity : And
thofe that were in the Warehoufe fent every day
frelh Water and Refreihments to the Fleet, to the
end their Companions (hould not execute fo fatal a Re-
folution.
When the Interpreter was made Prifoner by the
Dutch, they did it with fuch Paflion, and Tranfport
of Anger, that the Indians that were in the Pirogue
were afraid they thould be murder’d, and feme of them
threw themfelves into the Sea for fear. The Inter¬
preter himfelf was very much frighted, and ask’d the
Dutch what Reafon they had to ufe them fo ; fuch
violent and inconfiderate Proceedings could produce no¬
thing but an ill Effed.
September the ^th, 1596. a General Council was
held on board the Maurice; and it was refolv’d to
write a Letter, to the Governor. In their Letter
they defir’d the Governor to releafe their Compani¬
ons, and permit them to come on board with their
Effe&s, or elfe they would make ufe of Reprilals,
by virtue of their Commitlion. The Difficulty was
how to fend that Letter; but feeing a Fitherman's
Boat, they gave her Chace, and gave the Letter to
the Fiiherman ; who for lome little Looking-Glafles
promis’d to deliver it fafe.
The 5th, having waited till Noon for an Anftver
to the Letter, the Slops approach’d the City as near
as they coil’d, and caft Anchor at about three Fathom
Water.
Then the Council order’d the Sloops to be mann’d,
and as fcon as they were ready, the Sloop of the
Dutch Lion mann’d with 13 Men , row’d towaros
one of the Jomjucs, faften’d her with the Grapple,
and rook her. They found in her fourteen Pom-
gttet'e Slaves, who made no Refiftance, and uemai”
ded Quarter.' Prefently they drew the Jon,vie near
the Ships without any Oppofition, in the light ot the
whole City of Bantam, The
 to the Eaft-Indies. x61
The Sloop of the Maurice boarded another tfontjuel
who made no more Refiftance than the firfr.
The Pinnace fteering towards a Third ; the Por-
tupe*e faw the Dutch wou’d quickly be Matters
of her, and therefore fet her on fire. The fame
Pinnace attack’d another, and took her : but her
Lading was but of little Value ; for there was
nothing in her, but Rice, Nuts, and other fuch Com¬
modities.
The Joiujtic that had, been burnt was richly laden,
according to the Report of the Slaves; For Ihe had
50 Tuns of Cloves, which were all confum’d by
Fire. They found in one which they took, twenty
Tuns of Cloves, twenty fix of long Pepper, Benja¬
min and other rich Merchandice, and five Slaves of
Mtlscca, who were over-joy’d to have got new Ma¬
ilers. The other Jonque was laded only with
Provifions and a few other Commodities of very fmall
Value.
The Letter written by the Council to the Go¬
vernor, had been deliver’d to one of the Dutchmen
of the Warehoule, who immediately brought it to
the Sd'andar’s Houfe ; where the other Dutchmen
were then, that they might read it before it (hould
he prefented to the Governor. While they were
conlidting about it, the Interpreter Quillin Panjan
tame to them, and told them that the Ships were at
an Anchor before the Town, that they had taken the
fapes, and that the whole City was up in Arms a-
tout it,
Ac the fame time they heard the Cannons of the
fleet playing againft the Town , which put them
wco the utmolt Confternation; and not without Caufe.
For the Governor, who was then in Council, fent
Orders to the Sabandar to put them all in Prifon.
Me that were in the Warehoufe, were alfo con¬
ned to the Palace, and from thence to the Place
d Execution, there to be put to death. But a fe-
:°nd Order came from the Governor, which fuf-
*nded the firlt.
Then they were diftributed in feveral HoufeS of
m‘ Merchants, and a little while after fent to Pri-
5” again.

M The
16z The firfi Voyage of the Dutch
The 6tb Hootman wrote a Letter to the Council
of the Fleet to defirc them to manage the Affairs
gently and without Violence ; for the People of Ban¬
tam told him, chat in cafe the Jontjues were not
affronted nor plunder’d they would releafe him.
The Council receiv’d alfo a Letter from the Go¬
vernor, by which he defir’d the Dutch to forbear
their Infults, and promis’d to releafe the Captain-
Major as next day. They reprefented by way of
Anfwer, that it behov’d him to be as good as his
Word; or if he fhould fail of his Promife, they
would approach nearer the Town. Upon which Ac¬
count, they gave him no furcher time than till the
End of the Greac Market, which begins in the Mor¬
ning.
On the 7th, after the great Market was over, the
Dutch receiving no Anfwer from the Governor, and
fearing that the Inhabitants would have time to put
themlelves in a Pofture of Defence, fent the Pinnace
and the Sloop mann’d both with twenty eight Men,
againft a Jowjue, which was fleering behind an I-
fland. The Pinnace boarded her, and funk her imme¬
diately.
The Inhabitants of Bantam feeing the Jontjm
funk, went into twenty long Pirogues, each of them
mann’d with fifty Men arm’d with Pikes, broad
Swords, round Shields, Javelins, and fome Imall Guns.
The Pirogues drawn up in a Halt-Moon , fail’d all
together towards the Pinnace. The Sloops Crew
feeing the Danger which the Pinnace was expos'd
to, went aboard her, tack’d about, and fet her a-
float with much ado. Then they let the Pirogues
approach within Cannon-Shot. Then they fir’d with
their Cannon fo thick upon the Bantam Veflels, that
they damnify’d many of them, funk fome, and kill’d
or wounded above ioo Men.
Notwithftanding this Expedition, the Bantams by
the different motions they made with their Pirogues,
came fo near the Dutch, that they cut off’ the Halfet
which tyed the Sloop; and jumping into her fought
bravely, palling their Lances through the Port-holes,
and fo hindering the Dutch to make ufe of their Ca¬
non : but they ialuted them with fo many Volleys of
Muskct-lhot, that many fell down dead, which fright-
 to the Eaft-Indies. 16%
ed the reft fo, that they durft not board them.
After this Difafter, the Pirogues returned to Bantam,
the Pinnace chafed them, and approached fo near the
Town, that Ihe fhoc two Guns againft it, while the
other Ships batter’d it with all their Artillery. The
Inhabitants (hot fome Patereroes againft the Pinnace,
bat without hurting her, however one Bullet hit the
Mart: of the Maurice in the middle.
This done, the Dutch Prifoners were condemned to
dye, bijt the People of Bantam could not agree about
the manner of their Death. Some would have them
tyed to Stakes, and there (hot through with Arrows ;
others would have ’em expofed to the Mouth of the
Cannon, and many would have them ftabbed. So
many different opinions delay’d their Execution till the
next day. All this while the Ships fired till the break
of day, and many Inhabitants were wounded, and
among others, the Jaylor who kept the Dutch Prifo¬
ners. But a Bullet which fell in the King’s Palace,
frighted the whole Town.
The 8t/j Captain Hootman lent another Letter to the
Fleet, defiring his Companions to forbear Ihooting,
and to retire further oft' the Town ; or elfe the Go*
vernor was refolved to tie the Prifoners to Stakes up¬
on the (hoar, and to be lliot with Arrows in fight of
the Ships. He alfo gave them advice, that the Ban-
tmites were making great Preparations to attack
the Fleet by all means whatfoever; that the Inhabi¬
tants had force enough to undertake it: That the
Noble-men, fuch as the Governor, the Sabandar, the
Admiral, and feveral others, had each of ’em above
300 Men for their Guards, who would expofe their
lives bravely for their Matters, and their Country. He
alfo told them, that he was mightily afraid they would
tranfport them to Malacca, and deliver them to the
Jews, which would be the greareft misfortune in the
World.
The Fleet having received Hootman s Letter, went
further off the Town, and unloaded the two jonques
they had taken. In the mean while the Bantams
fir’d now and then upon the Dutch, but Without hurt*
iog them.
On the joth a Portuguese Slave Well affedted to
the Dutch, came on board the Ship Maurice. He
M 1 brought
164 We Firji Voyage of the Dutch
brought another Letter from Hootman, and one from
a certain Portuguese Prieft. The Captain was to be
releas’d, and the Prieft to accompany him on board,
on condition that the Dutch would pay 3000 Pieces
of Eight for his Ranfom. They had alfo advice,
that the Portuguefe who endeavoured before to deftroy
the Fleet, did their utmoft to obtain the liberty of the
Dutch.
But it was not for the love of the Dutch, but only
becaufe they had a great mind to recover the Jonqut
laded with Cloves, Pepper, and other good Merchan-
dife, which belonged to them, and which they would
with all their Heart have exchanged with the Prifo-
ners. But the Governor told them, the Dutch were
his Prifoners, and not theirs, fo he might difpofe of them
as he pleafed. Which made the Dutch conclude,
they might eaiily redeem their Companions, in giving
the fum demanded for their Ranfon.
The 1 if/? the Governor wrote a Letter to the Fleet,.
in which lie faid, he would releafe the Prifoners, if
they would be but quiet; but if they rais’d new Com-
'. motions, he _ would certainly take Vengeance on them,
He was anfwered, that if he would be reafonable,
and deliver the Prifoners, the Ships would lie a day
longer at Anchor, in the fame place where they rode
then; but they would be deluded no longer by
words, and were rcfolv’d to put off the execution of
their defigns, only till the next day.
Some fay the Governors Letter imported, that if the
Dutch were willing to enter into a War, he did not
care, and that he would put himfelf in a condition to
receive them ; but if they defired to live in Peace,
he was very willing to keep peace with them, and to
perform all the Conditions of their Treaty, as he had
done to this day. He urg’d that if he had arrefted fome
their number, ic was the fault of fome of their chief
Officers, who had threatned before his face to take
the Jonques, which no body durft offer to do before;
and for that rcafon he was in the right to keep them
Prifoners, and feize their Effe&s by way of Security,
till the Jonques were gone.
Befides he offer’d, that in cafe the Goods were da¬
mag'd, he would make them all good, by making Re-
ftitution of the Money he had receiv’d, or paying the
value
 to to the Eaft-Indies. I**
value of it in Pepper. He protefted he had no man¬
ner of Animofity or Ill-will againft the Dutch, that
the diforder had been caufed by the Malice of fome
of the Inhabitants, and by fome high words between
them and the Dutch ; but that the firft original of the
Quarrel, came from the Portugucfe, &c.
The Dutch Council anfwered, that they defired no¬
thing elfe but Peace, and to 1 ive in good intelligence
with the Inhabitants of Bantam, and that they were
ready to pay for the lofs the Jonqucs had luffer’d.
For that purpofe the fame day in the Afternoon, die
Maurice and the Holland havingraken out of the Jonqucs,
what they thought would ferve them, fet ’em on drifr.
As foon as the Bantamites faw them, they went in
their Pirogues and fecured them, without any oppofiti-
on from the Dutch.
The fame day towards the Evening, Peter Direct
Keyfer dyed. He was the firft Pilot, and an excellent
Mariner; Whofe death was very much lamented by
the Fleer, and by the Eafi-India Company.
The i b the Dutch receiving no anfwer from the
Town, weighed and failed to look for frefh Water,
leaving their nine Men prifoners at Bantam. There
was upon the Coafts of Java, places enough to take
in frefh Water at; but they were afraid of not ha¬
ving the liberty to take in fome, becaufe the Gover¬
nor had polled ftrong Guards upon all the Rivers j
which obliged the Dutch to go to the Coaft of Suma¬
tra, along which they failed from the i^th to the i8f/>.
At length the i qth. they touched at a little Village cal¬
led Sumor in the Mala'ian Tongue, and tampon by the
People of Java.
There they landed, and' asked the Inhabitants where
they could find good frefh Water. The Country Peo¬
ple told them, they were forbid by the Governor to di-
retft ’em,or to fell them any Pro'vifions. However they
faid,if they would give theCommander of the Village two
Fufils, and promife to do them no harm, they would
ftew them a good place for frefh Water, and fell them
all manner or Refrefhments.
The Dutch willingly granted to the Natives what
they demanded: and upon that they promifed not to
infult them, or hinder them from taking in frefh Wa¬
ter j which they confirm'd by dipping the point of their
M 3 Poignard
166 The Firfi f wage of the Dutch
Poignard into the Water, and dropping the Water
upon their Tongues, and (aid, they defired to be pu-
nilhed, if they lhould not keep their Word.
Septemb. the loth, the three Sloops went to fetch in
frelh Water, and fome of the Seamen having flay’d a
lhoar without leave, the Commander of the Village
named Anajjinge, prefented them with a Cane of Wine,
which they drunk ; but being not fatisfied with it,
they demanded another Cane, at which the Inhabitants
were difpleas’d.
The next day the Matter of the Amflcrdam going
a-(hoar, was informed that the Seamen had abufed
the Inhabitants, had broken fome pots full of Wine,
and made mod of the Country People run away, ef-
pecially the Women ; which Adion was not at all ap¬
proved by the Officers, and the Council.
As foon as the Ship failed out of the Road of Ban¬
tam, the Prifoners were diftributed in the Town, a-
mong thofe who loft their Slaves in the Fight. They
folicited them mightily to renounce their Religion,'
and made ufe of Violence to force them to it ■ but the
Dutch endured their Perfecution with great Courage
and Patience, and would not deny their Faith. At laft
they let them go where they pleafed.
In the mean while the Portugucfe were very atftive,
and prefented Petitions every day to the Regency, in
order to obtain leave to buy the Prifoners, for whom
they offer’d 4000 pieces of Eight. But by a particular
grace of God, they could obtain nothing.
OBober the 1ft, 1596. the Ships weighed Anchor,
and came within a League and a half of Bantam, near
the long Ifland called Pido Panjan : the Prifoners
hearing of this good News,' began to chear up. The
zd about Sun-rifing, a little Pirogue came on board
with two Java Slaves, or Servants of a Noble-Man;
who broughr Letters from the Prifoners, in which they
defired the Ships not to approach near Bantam, or af¬
front any body.
The next day another little Pirogue came on board
the Maurice, with a Portuguefe Slave named Antonio
de Silveiro, an honeft Man, and a good friend to the
Dutch. He brought Letters from Captain Hootnrn,
who defired the Council to write to the Governor, and
treat with him about their Ranfom. All agreed to
pay
 to the Eaft-Tndies.
pay their Ranfom, but they had many debates about
the terms. At laft they came to this Refolution.
That the Dutch (hould pay down 2000 pieces of
Eight, and prefently after the Prifoners (hould be re¬
leafed, and have their liberty to come on board ; that
what had been taken on both lides (hould be compen-
fated, and go one for another ; that is to lay, the Ef-
feds of the Dutch, and what was due to them, (hould
be adjudged to thofe who had them in their Hands ;
and that the Dutch (hould keep the Lading of the
two Jonguts a'' their own. Upon thefe Terms, all
Quarrels and Differences (hould be Extind, and they
(hould make a new Treaty of Alliance,' and continue
to trade as before.
All thefe Conditions were exadlv performed. The
fame day the Bantamitc: fent on board two Hofta-
ges, one of them was a Noble-Man of China, who
kept above a hundred Slaves. The other was the
Landlord of the Dutch Ware-Houfe in Bantam. On
the other fide the Council fent to the Governor a
thoufand pieces of Eight, and the next day a thoufand
more; and prefently after the Prifoners were releafed,
and fent on board.
From that time the Sutlers came and brought all
forts of Provifions to the Dutch, and the Seamen went
with all freedom into the Town, where they bought
feveral parcels of Pepper, and Nutmegs, which they
embarked as foon as they bought them, not doubting
but they would find enough to lade their Ships with.
This peaceable commerce lafted till the 22 d of the fame
Month. At which time Hootman being arrived on board
the Fleet, was asked how things went in Town; he
anfwer’d, that they did not go very well; that the Gover¬
nor was a Man very inconftant, and eafie to be prepof-
fefled; by which anfwer the Council conjedur’d, what
pofture the affairs were in.
The 23d and 24^, they fent three Deputies to the
Sahandar, about a new demand the Governor had made
of the Ships, vi%. of 200 pieces of Eight for each Ship,
except the Pinnace.
Although fuch a demand was altogether ftrange and
extraordinary, fince they had already pay’d above their
due : The Council for all that declared, that in cafe
the Pepper (hould come fafe on board, they would not
 The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
ljok fo narrowly into it, and had rather pay more
then lefs. The Sabandar told the Deputies, that they
could not trade with them till the Cuftom was paid.
The 2,5tb Hootman waited on the Governour, who
told him from himfelf, and from the Council, that
the Dutch would do better to go and trade fome-
where elfe. Firft, becaufe the Council of the Fleet
were not willing to pay what was demanded of
them. Secondly, bccaufe they miftrufted the Inha¬
bitants, who were not pleas’d to fee the Dutch buy
up the Pepper Sack by Sack, and never above 10
Sacks at a time ; whereas they expetfted they would
buy at leaft 1000 at a time. In fliort, he told them
they were tco miftruftful one of another; and for
that reafon it was impoffible to trade peaceably, or
with any reafonable Profit.
In the mean while a Portuguese Ambaflador came
from Malacca to Bantam. This Ambaflador brought
with him 10000 Beales of Eight, and fome Toys,
which be prefented to the Governour in order to'
follicit him to forbid any manner of Trade with the
Dutch.
The Governor, who could not withftand fuch a
noble Prefent, promis’d the Ambaflador to comply
with his Defire: And for that purpofe, he pretended
that the Nobility would not fuffer the Dutch to
to trade any longer in that Country. The Dutch
were then bargaining with the Captains of the two
fonques for the Nutmegs and Mace which came from
the Iflands of Banda, and belong’d to the Landlord
of the Dutch Warehoufe in Bantam, and to his
Company ; but the Governor hearing of it, forbid
the Merchants to conclude any Bargain with the
Dutch.
The Trade being thus interrupted, the Council of
the Fleet call’d on board all thofe that were a-fhoar,
who were alfo told by the Sabandar, and by their
Friends, to depart, and never come again, or elfe
they would be in danger of being arrefted and de-
. liver’d to the Portuguese. They brought with them
fome Effe&s, and burnt the reft. But they had much
ado to embark ; for it was late, and the Ambaffador’s
Veffel lying in the Harbour, when they came by
her, fome Portuguese affronted them $ but finding too
 to the Eaft-Indies.
much Refiftance, were forc’d to let them go.
Notwithanding the Prohibition made by the Gover*
nor to the Merchants not to conclude any Bargain
with the Dutch, the Matter of the Warehoufe went'
privately on board every Day to fell the Parcel of
Mace and Nutmegs, though he durft not deliver
them to the Dutch openly. But he propos’d that to
clear himfelf before the Governor, they fliould feize
the Goods under pretence that they bought them, and
fo the Bargain was concluded.
The 3 ift of the fame Month the fame Merchant
had one of the Dutchmen who was ftill in the Town,
carry’d on board between two Mats by feven of his,
Slaves, who were each of them arm’d with a Fufil and
aPiketofecurehim,tho’ 14000 Caxas, which is fixfcore
Pieces of Eight, were offer’d him to make him Prifoner,
and deliver him to the Portuguese. This was a'great
Proof of Friendlhip and Fidelity' ; and in effedt he
always fliew’d himfelf a real and true Friend to
the Dutch.
The fame day a certain Portuguese Slave came on
board the Holland, difguis’d in a Javanefe Habit,
and brought News from Antonio Sylverio, who had
been put in Prifon, only becaufe he was a Friend to
the Dutch, and had done them fome Service. He
defir'dthe Dutch to fend him by that Slave 6 or 7
Pieces of Eight to give them to a favanefe Slave who
promis’d to releafe him for that Sum, or elfe he was
afraid the Portugucfe would hang him. This fame
Meffenger told the Dutch that great Preparations Were
making at Bantam to attack ’em; but they found
the Attempt fo hazardous, that they were afraid to put
it in Execution.
November 1. 1506. the Council being affembl’d on
board the Maurice, refolv’d to make Reprifals for the
Wrong and Affronts put upon them by the Bantam-
ites and the Portuguese. With that View the Ships
approach’d nearer the Town ; and having taken two
Jongues laden with Mace and Nutmegs, brought ’em
on board the Maurice, where the China Merchant
and Matter of the Dutch Warehoufe was prefenr,
and confented that the Dutch fhould feize upon the
■two Jonqttes, as having bought their Lading.
170 The firfl Voyage of the Dutch
There was in one of the Jonques fixcy Slaves, who
knowing nothing of the Bargain concluded, put them-
felves in a pofture of Defence. But as foon as the
Dutch (hot at them, they all threw themfelvcs into
the Sea and fwam away. At the fame time two
arm’d Sloops row’d towards a Portuguese Bark which
was on Ground: But the Portuguese fir’d fo upon ’em
with their Fufils, that they could not board her; and
one of the Dutch Seamen was wounded, and dy’d
five Days after. On the other fide, the Ships fir’d
with their Cannon fo briskly upon the Bark, that lhe
was very much damnify’d. Then the Dutch Hood off
from the Town.
The id they faw a Jonque coming from the Main,
and prefently (ent two Sloops to give her the Chace;
but (he would not furrender; for the Crew covering
themfelves with Mats, made a vigorous Defence.
They had a fort of Trunks, with little (harp Iron
Lances, and (hot with great Dexterity upon the Sloops;
for the Darts fell as thick as Hail, and wounded five or
fix Dutchmen. You can hardly perceive the Wounds;
for the Darts are fo fmall, that they don’t go above two
Inches in the Flelh; and the Point, which is made of
Heed, cannot be taken out.
But when the Dutch began to difeharge their Fufils,
and their Mats could not fave them; they got into
their little Canow, and efcap’d by the Might of their
Oars, leaving behind them their Jonqtie and two of their
Men dead in her. The Dutch purfu’d the Canow, and
kill’d three Men. Then they brought in the Jonque
which was laden with Rice and dry Fi(h.
,
After they had flood off from before the City, in or¬
der to unload the Jonqucs, and put their Cargo on board
of their own Ships; they us’d all means to acquaint the
Proprietors, that they might come and take their Mo-
ny ; but they receiv’d no Anfwer, and heard no more
of the matter.
. AH this while the B.mtamites continu’d their Prepa¬
rations for attacking the Dutch Ships, by the Inftigation
of the Portuguese; who offer’d their Affiftance, and had
defir’d the Emperor to come again, and execute the
Enterprize: for he was counted a valiant Man, and a
great Adventurer.

The
 to the Eaft-Indies. 171
The Emperor was then before Pido Dana with 6 or 7
Barks mann’d with 150 Men, ready to fight. He fent
word to the Portuguese he would not come to Bantam •
for he hated the Inhabitants mortally r Nay, he follici-
ted the Dutch to joyn with him, and attack the Town,
afluringthem of his Friendlliip and Prote&ion ■ and as
a Mark of it, lie prefented them with a Goat.
Soon after he fent a Pirogue on board the Dutch Ships
with 13 Hens, defiring at the fame time a fafe Condud
for himfelf to come on board, which was fent immedi¬
ately to him.
On the 3d they faw a Pirogue coming on board the
Maurice, with four or five China Men in her, and the
Brother of the Mailer of the Dutch Warehoufe, who
came to be paid his Mony. But the Dutch did not truft
them. They would have the Mailer or the Captains of
the Jon]ues themfclves, to come on board. The Bro¬
ther told them they had been all three put in Prifon by
the Governor’s Order, under pretence of Collufion and
Correfpondence with the Dutch.
The 4th the Emperor having receiv’d the lafe Con¬
dud, came on board the Fleet, and defir’d them to
give him one of the Jonques, feeing they did not
defign to make any ufe of her. They told him
they mean’d to give them again to the Owner
when he claim’d them, and pay him for their La¬
ding. But if he (hould not come, they would prefent
him with the two Jonques.
Such a Vifit was very much fufpedcd, and look’d
upon as a Vifit rather of a Spy than an Emperor.
They told him all that pafs’d when they arriv’d before
Bantam, and what related to the Defign he had to
furprize and attack them. He reply’d, that being ha¬
ted by the Inhabitants, they charg’d him with fuch Ca¬
lumnies; but he was confident the Dutch would not be-,
Iieve them.
He alfo told them he had been turn’d out of Ja-
catra, and that they would not receive him at Ban¬
tam, The Dutch believ’d him, becaufe they were very
well acquainted with the general Complaints of his
bad Government and Debauchery, and were confirm’d
in that Opinion by the Offer he made them of a fine Wo¬
man for one of the Jonques.

The
I7i The Firjl Voyage of the Dutch
The fame Day feveral Gy^aratcs and Alyffmi
brought on board fome Refrelhments; but the Dutch
bought but a few, being afraid they were poyfon'd :
For they had Advice that there had been fome poyfon’d
before.
On the 5th the Emperor came on board again,
with all Neceffaries to bring the Jonques away, not
doubting but the Dutch would give them to him:
but they made him the fame Anfwer as before.
He told them that they were making greater Pre¬
parations than ever at Bantam, and that they would
have fuddenly a vaft Fleet, and would then attack
the Dutch Ships.
The 6th they receiv’d a further Advice, that the
Bantamites were ready to attack them the next day :
that feveral Noblemen and Officers of the Town
were to imbark to encourage the Inhabitants to fight:
that the Jonques mention’d before, were to put to
Sea again, to draw the Sloops into the Main, and at¬
tack them with more. Advantage.
Upon this News, the Dutch confidering they fhould
gain no Honour nor Profit by a great Slaughter of
the Bantamites ; and that they might lofe fome of
their Men, which would be a confiderable Lofs to
•them; they weigh’d Anchor, and fail’d to a River
nam’d Tanjunjaxa, at the diftance of 8 Leagues to
the Eaft off Bantam, which a Pilot nam’d Abdul,
fhew’d them the next day after their Departure from
Bantam. This River lies at the moft Southerly
Point of the Bay of Jacatra behind fome Iflands.
While they flay’d there at Anchor, they obferv’d, that
thegreateft Extent of the Ifland of Java, is from the
Eaft to the Weft; that the Ground along the Coaft
is very low, and not good; that it was full of Creeks,
Gulphs and Holes, wherein many Rivers difcharg’d
themfelves ; and had feveral Villages built upon it:
that in the Gulphs there are Bottoms and Shelves
of Sands, particularly before PunBau and Tauhm,
which are Villages very populous, and whofe Inhabi¬
tants have a great many Pirogues that ply from Jacatn
to Bantam,
On the 9th fome China Merchants, and among them
the Son-in-law of the Mailer of the Dutch Ware-
houfe, came on board the Maurice. They brought
fome
 to the Eaft-Indies. 173
fame Pots full of Brandy, which they bought at
Jacatra, and faid they would come again to bring
fome other Provifions. They told the Dutch that
there was then at Jacatra a Jonque laden with
Nutmegs, which came lately from the Iliands of
Banda.
The Dutch fufpe&ed them , and fear’d they had
contriv’d this by way of Revenge, for not being paid
for the Goods which were in the two Jonques they had
taken.
The Brandy brought on board by the China-
Merchants, was made at Jacatra, of Coco-Nuts,
call’d by the Javanefe, Calappas, which grow in great
Quantities at Jacatra ; for the Country was formerly
call’d Sunda Calappa.
The nth a Pirogue came from Bantam on board
the Ship Maurice, under pretence to fell lome Pro¬
vifions and China Wares; but rather to fpy and dis¬
cover what the Dutch were doing, and what Defign
they had on foot. • The Merchants thac were in the
Pirogue would perfv/ade the Dutch that the Cargo
of the two Jonques they took, belong’d to the Por¬
tuguese, who were forc'd to pay for it ; that fome
of them had been kill’d in the laft Fight, and among
others, the Captain of the Bark, by a Cannon-fliot.
But all this was meer Lies.
The fame Day another Pirogue came on board the
Holland with China-Merchants, and the Son-in-law a-
bove-mention’d ; only in all appearance came to
fee if they could be paid for their Goods. The Son-
in-law prefented two He-Goats to each Ship ; and
having fent the C/uW-Merchants to Jacatra, ftaid for
them on board the Maurice.
November 13. about the Evening, the Ships arriv’d
under the Town of Jacatra, which lies in the Latitude
of s Deg. 40 Min. and call Anchor about a League
off the Town” upon 7 Fathom Water, and a Clayie
Bottom, That Country, as we faid before, is low
and unfruitful. There are a great many Creeks on the
Coaft, and feveral Iflands all along it.
On the 14th in the Morning feveral Pirogues with
Provifions came on board the Ships. The Sabandar
came himfclf in his Pirogue, who offer’d the Dutch
to furnifh them with all things they wanted , if
they
 The firfi Voyage of the Dutch
they would fend Men a-flioar to fetch them. In the mean
while he propos’d to tarry himfelf as an Hoftage.
Accordingly they fent two of their Men with the
Son-in-law of their old Landlord to go along with
the Sabandar, and fee if they could buy any Spices.
The City of Jacatra contains about 3000 Houfes
very dole built. 'Tis furrounded with high Paliifadoes,
and has a fine River that runs, through the middle.
The moft part of the Inhabitants being frighted away
at the Dutch Ships Arrival, there was little or no Trade
to be expe&ed , efpecially confidering that all the
Goods imported to Jacatra from the neighbouring
Countries, are carry’d to Bantam to be fold. There¬
fore the two Dutchmen, after having been very well
entertain’d by I the Sabandar, who fpoke good Portu¬
guese, came on board again in the Evening.
The River of Jacatra is the only thing remarkable in
theTown. The Country about it is water’d with feveral
little Rivers,which render it very plentiful of allProvifi-
ons and Fruits. The Inhabitants came the next day on
board the Fleet, and brought abundance with them,
which were fold and bought with great Demonftrations
of Civility and Honefty on both Sides.
The King having notice of the Arrival of the Dutch
Fleet, came on toard the 16th attended by fome Gen¬
tlemen. He was very old, and fome fay he was the
prefent King’s Father. He view’d the Holland, and
in parting, he thank’d the Dutch Officers for the
Honour they had done him, and promis’d them his
Prote&ion; upon which the Dutch gave him many
Thanks for that Favour.
Onthei7«; in the Evening they caftAnchor 6 Leagues
off Jacatra, under a Village call’d Cravaon, inhabited for
the moft part by Fiffiermen : For there is abundance
of Fifii in the Mouth of the great River, which runs
under the Village. The zzd they faw a Jonque, and
gave her the Chace, but could not take her.
The z-jtb they faw a great many Fiffiermen coming
from the Main, and fleering to the Coaft. They
told the Dutch they were near Japara. The 29tb
they alfo faw near an Ifland more Fiffiermen failing
into the Main, who made them to underftand by
Signs to fleer to the South of the Ifland ; which
made the Dutch' believe there were fome Habitations
 to the Eaft-Indies. x75
on that fide. This Illand is very low by the Sea-fide,
and planted with Trees. But further off you might
fee high Mountains. The Ifland is nam’d Ririmaan
Java, and is not far off the Continent.
After feveral little Voyages with great Trouble
and Fatigue, they went a-fi.oar; where theypfound
Filhermen, who told them they were upon the
Coaft which is above the Town of Tubaon. That
Country is very Hilly, and you may fee it a great
way off. For in the Middle of it there is a high
Mountain which you difcover going from the Weft
to the Eaft, and which bears the Figure of a broad-
brim'd Hat, having on the Top a Tree higher than all
the reft.
At the Weft of that Mountain there is a great Gulf
that look’d like a River. Continuing the fame Rout,
they faw another great Gulph, where a great many
Filhermen were cruifing- and alfo fome Jonqucs at
Anchor, which oblig’d the Dutch to Anchor there
likewife.
The Inhabitants feeing the Ships at Anchor, fent a
Pirogue to know whence they came. The ftormy Wea¬
ther caus’d the Pirogue to board the Amflerdam ■ for
fhe was neareft the Shoar. The Dutch receiv’d the
Inhabitants very civilly, and defir’d them to tarry on
board till the next Day. They brought with them a
few Cloves, Mace and Nutmegs to fell.
This Country is alfo very Hilly, and hath three very
remarkable Mountains, which are long and level like
Tables. The Portuguese call them Afinefis de Tubaon,
and the Mahiians, Barto Cillinah. The Inhabitants
faid there were three Towns in that Country near
one another • namely, Tubaon the biggeft, Sydaio and
Surba'ia.
About three Leagues off there is another Town cal¬
led Joartam, where you fee many 'qonques. which fail
to the Molaqucs, Amboine, and Banda. From thence
they go to Bantam to fell their Merchandice.
Upon the Invitation of the Inhabitants who were
come in the Pirogue, and to inform themfelves more ex¬
actly of the whole Country, the Dutch fent one of their
Seamen with the fame Abdul mention’d before, who
fpoke very good Portuguese, Maldian and Javancfe. As
foon as they were landed, the Inhabitants brought them
Hor-
176 The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
Horfes ready fadled and bridled to go into the Town
to faJute the King; but they refufed their offer very
civilly.
The Wanders obferving that Abdul was not a Java-
nefe born, ask’d him what Countryman he was, he
told them he was born at Bengali, and dwelt at Ban¬
tam : as foon as he faid he lived at Bantam, they had
a mind to arreft him, becaufe they hated the Banta-
mltes, and efpecially the Governor.
But When the Dutch-man told them that Abdul was
come along with him in his Ship, they werefatisfyed,
and went together to wait on the King, who receiv¬
ed them very kindly, and told them he would come
the next day to vifit them on board, and would bring
along with him Hoftages, that they might come a-
Ihoar freely, and without any fear. He alfo (hew’d
them about three fcore Tuns of Cloves, which he of¬
fered to fell at a reafonable. Price. The King’s name
was Leila. The two Envoys having taken their leave,
returned on board again.
Among thofe that had invited the Dutch to cornea-
fhoar, there was a Portugucfe Renegadoe, who faid he
had been taken Prifoner at Malacca, when he was but
fifteen years old, and tranfported to Java with fome
other Portugucfe, who were alfo Prifoners. This Re-
negado had got great credit in that Country, and was
one of the chief Officers of the Town of Surbaia,
where he commanded above 2000 Men.
He offer’d the Dutch not only to hire, but to fell
them Pilotes to condud them to the Molaques. But
they would not truft him, fufpeding he had been fent
by the Portugucfe, upon fome ill defign againft them;
and afterwards (hew’d, that they were not deceived in
their lufpicion.
The fame day the King fent to Schellinger Mailer
of the Amfterdam, a Prefect of a rare Bird called Eme,
He was as big again as a Swan, and quite black, his
Feathers being like the Feathers of an Oftritcb. He
bad no Tongue, nor Wings, nor Tail; but at the top
of his Head he had a (hell as hard as a Tortoife
(hell. His Feet were long, big, and fo ftrong, that he
made ufe of them to defend himfelf, and kickt like a
Horfe. He fwallow’d whole all that he eat, even a
whole Apple, as big as a Man’s Fill. And which a
wonder-
 to the Eaft-Indies. 177
wonderful • he would fwallow Fire-brands without
burning himfelf, and great bits of Ice to cool him.
Thofe Birds are found only in the Iflands of Banda,
whence this came, and was brought to Amfterdam as
a great Rarity. He was prefented to the States Gene¬
ral, by one of the Merchants of the Company.
December the 5tb, 1596. The Ships made fome pre¬
parations to receive the King, who was to come that
day. Every body appear’d neatly dreffed; the Trum¬
pets founded finely, and all the Flags were difplay’d.
The Inhabitants feeing fuch a (how, had fome fulpici-
on of the Dutch, and the King himfelf, fent a Piro¬
gue on board to know what was the meaning of it,
and why they put up all the Flags. He ask'd them
if he defign’d to ufe him as they had ufed the Bant li¬
mit ss ■ adding, that for his part he defigned no harm,
and would adt with them very fincerely, and as a
Friend, and that he did not love the Bantamites. The
Butch fent back word to the King, that they had no
other defign than to do him all the honour due to his
quality, according to the mode of their own Country.
After that anfwer, the Pirogue went on.
A little while after the Pottuguefe Renegado came on
board the Maurice, and defired to fee fome Merchan-
dife; they lliew’d him a Cuirafs, and a piece of red
Cloth, which he pretended to buy, and would have
the Dutch let him carry it to the (hoar, but they would
not confent to it. At the fame time they faw two
'jonques upon the Coaft, feeming to fleer to the Main,
but they foon changed their courfe: for they were
fent only to fee whether the Sloops would give them
the chafe, and in that cafe they were refolved to attack
the Ships which were then unprovided of Men to de¬
fend themfelves.
About Noon fix great Pirogues well manned came on
board the Fleet, three on board the Amfterdam, and
the other three on board the Pinnace.
The firlt three Pirogues which boarded the Amfter-
dim, brought with them two rare Animals, which they
deligned to prefect them, and the Sabandar who was
there in Perfon, to mannage and carry on their de-
fign, hilled, which was a Signal to feize the Ships.
The Seamen having no manner of fufpicion look’d
upon them, and of a fudden they faw a great many
N Men
 The Firji Voyage of the Dutch
Men fallingfoul upon the Ship. Rcnicr Verbel, who was
Comnaiflioner , ask’d the Sdnindur what thefe Men
came for. The Sabandar feeing the opportunity favou¬
rable, made a great noife, drew his Poignard, and cut
Verbcl’s Throat. His Men following his Example, kil¬
led John Sckcllitigcr, and mod of the Seamen that
were upon the Deck, and wounded mortally all the
reft, who fufpetfting no fuch thing, had no Arms to
defend themfelves.
But the other Seamen who were under Deck,
fought with fuch courage with Half-Pikes, long Pikes,
and broad Swords, that they killed a great part of their
Enemies, got up to the Deck, and fo maul’d the ci¬
thers with a Paterero, that thole Tray tors were for¬
ced to quit the Deck. There was a Pirogue juft by
to receive them, which being full of wounded Men,
was funk by a Cannon (hot. The three Pirogues which
had boarded the Pinnace, feeing the others had mift
their Delign, durft not venture any thing, and paffed
under the Bolt-fpritof the Amjlcrdam.
The Seamen of the other Ships hearing the noife,
and feeing Iflandsrs jumping on board the Ship in
great confufion, got into their Sloops, purfued the Piro¬
gues, boarded one of them, and made fuch (laughter of
the Ijl.tnders, who were in her, with their broad Swords,
that not one efcaped, even thofe that fell into the Wa¬
ter. werg mod of 'em killed.
The Inhabitants feeing their Country-men fo ill u-
fed, fent thirteen Pirogues well manned to their af-
(iftance. But the Ships fired fo warmly upon them,
that they forced them back.
The Dutch in the Sloops made fome Prifoners, and
being fatigued by the Fight, went on board the Am-
Jlerd.im. They faw the Deck covered with dead Bo¬
dies, both of their Companions, and their Enemies:
But that which was more deplorable, was the cruel
death of a Ship-Boy eleven or twelve years old. Thefe
barbarous Men not only killed him, but gave him thir¬
teen ftabs with a Dagger alter his death. The light
of fo lamentable Objetfts, and the Cruelty of this A-
eftion fo much tranfported the Dutch with Anger, that
they ftabb’d immediately all their Prifoners.
Xhefe wicked Wretches confefs’d before they dyed,
that they had followed the Dutch from Bantm thi-
' '' ' iher,
 to the Eaft-Indies.
tfter, that they went to Jacatra to furprize them with
the Jonque laded with Nutmegs; that then they came
to Japara, to wait there for them ; and that the day
before they came before Cidaia, becaufe the King told
them the Dutch were there, and that the two Jongues
they faw in the Morning, were fent to draw them in¬
to the Main, in order to an eafier attack; but this
was the fuccefsand the end of their Treafon.
The Natives loft in that A&ion 150 Men, and the
Dutch twelve. The reft of the day was employ’d in
throwing the Dead into the Sea. The Inhabitants
went to get them up out of the Water, but the Dutch
(hot feveral times at them.
The day before the Fight, a Dutchman and Ah da l
Gy^arate went a-(hoar, and faw a fine Calvacade, vi\.
the King richly clothed, and riding on a fine Horfe,
attended by 30 Horfe-Men with long Pikes in their
Hands, and a great number of Foot-Soldiers with na-
•ked Hangers.
1 Before we come to the Defcription of Bantam, an4
‘ the other Cities of Java, with their Manners, Cloath-
‘ ing, and other Qualities, as well as the Animals,
‘ Trees and Fruits that grow in that Ifland, we will firlt
' fpeak of its Condition and Situation, and relate
‘what the Journals have omitted, that our Coivimen-
‘ vary joyned with the Text, may give a perfect
‘ knowledge of it.
‘ The Ifland commonly called Java, fometimes cal-
‘ led the Great Java, to diftinguifli it from another of
‘ that name, which is not far off, lies to the Eaft-
‘South-Eaft near the Ifland of Sumatra, and hath 300
‘ Leagues in Circumference, according to the Opinion
‘ of Paul of Venice. Others think it lies in 7 Deg. of
‘ South Latitude, and runs Eaft-South-Eaft 150 Leagues
‘ in length. As to its breadth, no body could yet know
‘ it exaiftly.
‘ Some imagine its a Continent which joyns to the
‘ Southerly Continent called Magellanica, Terra Aufira-
1 Us incognita, or Terra del Fuego, the Land of Fire.
‘ Whatever it is, ’tis counted an Ifland, and is as
11 fruitful as Sumatra , which is near it. The Learr.-
ed Julius C.tfar Scaliger calls the two Java's the
1 Compendium, or Abridgment of the World, becaufe
1 they enjoy Plenty of all things.
N 2 ‘And
 The firft Voyage of the Dutch
, ■ And indeed both of them produce a great quanti-
t ty of Corn and Fruits, and plenty of Cattle, and of
( all forts of Animals good to eat, which the Inhabi-
■ rants do fait to transport them abroad. They have
‘ abundance of Silk in the Woods, and Gold Mines
| in the Mountains, and the fineft Emeralds in the
■t World. They produce a world of Pepper, Cinna-
‘ mon, Ginger, and Caffia. In Ihort, they are truly
5 the horns of Plenty. The Inhabitants talk of a lit-
‘ tie River there, which has the virtue to change all forts
‘ of Wood into Stone .1
The Origine of the Inhabitants of Java, is yet un¬
known. They fay themfelves that they came firft
from China, and that their Anceftors to avoid die Ty¬
ranny of the Chinefe, came to java, and made a
Colony in that Illand. Their Phyliognomy favours
this Opinion, for they refemble the People of Chinn
very much, having a flat Nofe, a broad Fore-Head,
great Cheeks, and little Eyes like them.
■ Belides, Paul of Venice, who was in the Service of
the Tartars, affirms, that the Great java, pay’d for¬
merly Tribute to the Chinefe, and that when the Chi•
nefe revolted againft the Tartars, thofe of java re¬
volted in like manner. And to this day many Peo¬
ple of China dwell at Bantam, to avoid the Rigor of
the Laws of China.
However that be, the Inhabitants of Java had Kings
pf their own long fince, and it has happen’d in that
Country, as it do’s in all others which have no eftablifh’d
Sovereignty, that a great many fet up for Kings. For
the ftrongeft made himfelf Sovereign, and by thefe
means every Town in Java have their King ; but
the King of Bantam is the moft confiderable. There
was formerly an Emperor oyer all the petty Kings,
but they (hook off that yoke many years agoe.
We come now to fpeak of all the Towns of Ja¬
va that are known, and fliall fet out from the Eaft
fide.
The firft Town on the Eaft quarter is Balamluan,1
a famous City, furrounded with flanked Walls. They
have a King of their own, who was befieged in it
when the Dutch arrived before it, as we (hall mention
hereafter. Over againft this City there is an Iflanl
called Bali, which is very pleafant and fruitful, and
.• makes
 to the Eaft-Iridies. 181
makes the Channel called the Streight of Balam¬
buam.
Ten Leagues off-more Towards the North', you find'
the City of Panarucan, inhabited by a great many
Portuguefe, and by the Natives, who are all Chriftians.
It is govern’d by a King who loves the Portuguefe
extremely. The Town is (urrounded with Walls, and
hath a very good Harbour, much frequented by thd
Portuguefe. The molt confiderable Trade is of Slaves,
and an infinite number of them is tranfported from
thence to Malacca : they alfo fell a pretty deal of
long Pepper: And the Womens Clothes which they
call Coajarins in their Language, are made at Pana-
man.
Above it or behind it, is a great Mountain of burn*
ing Sulphur, which opened for the firft time .in the
year 1586, with fuch violence, that it deftroyed above
10000 Souls. It blew Stones into the very City, and
the Country about was cover’d with fo great a lmoak,
that it was quite dark, for three days together. The
Kings of Balambuam, and of Panarucan , are Hea¬
thens.
Pajfarvan is another very pleafant Town, watered
by a fine River at the diftance of fix Leagues.from
Panarucan. The King of this Palace was befieging
Balambuam, when the Dutch were in that Country, and
now i’ll tell you the. reafon why he befieged it. .
The King of Pajfarvan who was a Moor and Ma¬
hometan, having demanded the King of Balambuams
Daughter in Marriage, (he was feat to him with i
great Retinue. The very firft. Night, of the Confum-
mation of the Marriage, the King at Pajfarvan mur-
ther’d her, and all her Retinue, only becaufe (he was
not of the fame Religion as he was. After fuch a bar¬
barous A&ion he affembled an Army, and went before
Panarucan With a defign to furprize it, but he did nor
fucceed, for his Army was routed by the Town.
Having gathered the reft of his Troops, he came
before Balambuani, and befieged it. He built two Forts
upon che River, and put fo good Garrifons in theny
that no Ship or Bark could get into the City. The
Siege had continued four Months, when the Dutch arri¬
ved upon the Goaft, and the Town fuffer’d very much'
fir want of Provifions. . ... „
N y l&f
i8z The Firfi Voyage of the Dutch
They trade chiefly at Paffarvan in fine and (mail
Garnitre, which is a fort of Fruit much like Straw¬
berries. The Quillins Merchants value them very
much, becaule they make Beads of them for fcveral
ufes.
Here is aifo a Manufadture of Callicoes, which are
tranfportcd to Bantam, and exchanged there for China
Wares.
Ten Leagues off Paffarvan more towards the Weft,
is the Town of Joartan, lituated upon a fine River with
a good Harbour, wherein the Ships coming from the
Molu/jties, ftay commonly to take in Refrelhments. This
Town is furrounded with a thick Wall.
Gcrrici is another Tow n lituated upon the fame Ri¬
ver to the South. The King of this place is fo Great,
that the other Kings of Java never fpeak with him,
but they holdup their Hands, as Slaves do to their
Mafters. Thefe two laft Towns fend great quantities
of Salt to Bantam, and feveral other places.
The Town of Sarabaia is lituated upon a little Ri¬
ver , and its King is alfo Sovereign of Braniaon, a
Town fituated fix Leagues to the Weft of Sarabaia.
The King refides at Cidaio, a ftrong Town furroun¬
ded with flanked Walls: -But the Harbor is without
Iheiter againft the Winds, and the breaking of the
Sea ; and for that reafon no Ships can lye there at An¬
chor in ftormy Weather.
Two Leagues oft' to the Nonh-North-Wcft, you
find Tab am, a good Town, which hath a King, and is
not far off Bantam, the capital City of Java.
Caiaon is but five Leagues difiant from Tabaon, be¬
ing fituated to the No'nh-Weft. It has a King, but
no manner of trade by Sea, no more than Mandalica-
on, where there are not any Sailers but Fifiiermen.
The Town oijappara is'fivc Leagues off to the Weft,
fi.uated upon a point, which reaches three Leagues
into the Sea. It is only inclofed about with Paliffa-
dors, it hath a fine River, and a very good Harbor,
which is always fuilof Ships. The King is very Po¬
tent by Sea and Land.
Ac the diltance of five and twenty Leagues from
Jnppara, and forty five from Bantam, is the great City
of Matavaon, whole King or Emperor is the greateft
Prince of Java, and threatens often to befiege Bantam.
 to the Eafl-Indies. i8?
He is the fame Emperor wetfnentioned before, but he
loft his Credit and Authority by his ill Government
and Debauchery. ,
Pari is a Town that lies five Leagues off Jappara
to the Weft, and three Leagues farther you find Dau~
m.t, a Town vvalled about, which hath alfo a King ;
and three Leagues farther is the Town of Tagga!.
Tiiefe three Towns are watered by a fine River, and
fituated upon a Gulph.
Next to them you fee the great and pleafant City
of Cbaraboon, walled about with a thick and ftrong
Wall, and watered by a fine River.
Dermao is a very pleafant Town fituated upon a Ri¬
ver, as well as Moncaon. Between this and Jap para,
lies the great Town Cravaon, whence you pafs into
the Ifland , which reach to the Port of Jacatra, this
being a great Guiph, with another Royal Town up-

When you have paffed the Chanels between the

Iflands, you come at laft to the City of Bantam, whofe
Harbor is certainly the fineft and the largeft in Java,
which makes that City the moft trading Town of
all the Neighbouring Towns or Iflands. Therefore
we ilia'll give you a large. Defcription of it, having
had time enough by the flay we made in it, to know
it perfectly.
The City of Bant dm is fituated in a low Country,
and at the foot of a high Mountain. You mull fail
about 25 Leagues between Sumatra and Java, before
you come to it: It is watered on both fides by two
Rivers, and a third runs through the middle of it.
But they are fhallow, and not above three foot deep!
Thefe three Rivers are fur rounded with high and big
Reeds, inftead of Trees. The City is much' of the
fame bignefs as Amjierdam was formerly ; but it is hot
to be compared in Beauty or Strength, io the leaft City
in Holland, , , • . ,
The Walls are four Foot thick and more, being
built of red Brick : they have no Ramparts nor Para¬
pets, but they are Flanked at equal diftanccs, wf. that
of a dories throw. At the Angle of every Flank there
is a Cannon, but without ahy preparations to make
life of them', becaufe the Inhabitants do not know how
to'hkn’dfe' them1,- ah'd' are afraid bf them: j befi'des they
N 4 have
84 the Firft Voyage of the Dutch
have no Ammunition to charge them, but what come
from Malacca, where the Ponder Mills are. Then-
Cannons are green Brafs. They have abundance of
Patereroes, but all lying on the Ground, or upon
1 Sledges without any other Accoutrements.
The Gates of the City are not ftrong; nay, you
may break them open with a Lever, for they are
made of a thin Wood, without Locks, or any Iron
upon them; but they are placed fo, that it is hard
to approach them; beiides, there is always a ftrong
Guard about them.
There are no Towers upon the Walls or the Gates;
but when they have occafion to (hoot, they raife up
Scaffolds three Stories high upon high Mafts, and
huge Beams, and afcending by Ladders defend them-
felves very well in a Siege. Not long fince the Em¬
peror of Matavaon making great preparations to be-
fiegc Bantam, the Inhabitants made a covered way
about the Walls upon high Trees, which rais’d ’em
to fuch a height, that the Wall which was above
the covered way, might ferve as a Parapet, and fo
they might ihoot down upon the befieger.
This City has bur three long and ftrait Streets,
which meet before the Palace called' Paccban. The
firft Street goes diredlly from the Palace to the Sea,
the other from the Palace to the Country Gate, and the
third from the fame Palace to the Gate that leads to the
Mountains. They are not Paved, but only Gravelled.
You may go by Water in all parts of the City,
from one Canal to another ; but in regard they are
not broad, and rapid enough to carry off all the
Sewers that are continually thrown in, and the Ground
being very Marlhy, they ftink moft horribly. Bolides
that, the Cuftom of the Inhabitants, both Men and
Women, in walking themfelves publickly in thofe Ca¬
nals, contributes very much to fuch a ftink, for they
continually trouble the bottom, and make all the Wa*
ter muddy and (linking.
Every Gentleman or Great Matter, hath a Chappel
in his own Houle, but beiides there is a publick Mef-
tjuita, or a pretty large Church before the Palace to
the Weft lide. The Arfe.ial is at the Eaft of the fame
Palace, wherein they keep all Warlike Preparations.
To the South is the young King’s Apartment, and the
 to the Eaft-Indies. j
Cbafarc or Governors Lodgings are juft by it. Then
come the Stables and other Apartments.
The City is divided into feveral Wards, which have
every one a Governor to ad in time of War, Fire,
or any other Accident. Each Ward has a feparate
quarter, and its Drum, which is as big as a Tun of
Wine. They beat it with a Mallet hanging to it,
when any Diforder happens in the Town. They beat
alfo the Tatoo at the break of Day, about Noon, and
in the Evening. There is likewife fuch a Drum in
the Mcfquite or Church. When they beat the biggeft
of all, i oooo Men areaflembled and armed in a very
little while, becaufe every body hearing it, knows that
it is for fome great .Expedition.
They make ufe of fome Bafons of Bell-Metal for
Inftrumentsof Mufick, which found much like Bells;
and thefe they alfo make ufe of when they make pub-
lick Proclamations.
They place Centinels in every Corner of the Streets,
and at Night all the Boats of the Town are lock’d up,
and no body is allow’d to walk. Fifty Men watch all
Night in the Palace before the Prifon, and ioor \%
before each Gentleman’s Houfe.
Almoft all the Houfes are built under Coco Trees,
which are planted every where in the City. They
are built of Straw and Reeds, fupported by four,
eight or ten Wooden Pillars well carv’d. They are
cover’d with Leaves of Palm Trees: The lower pare
is open to let in the Air; for it is always hot in thac
Country : And this they lhut in the Night with Cur¬
tains. They have no Rooms or Garrets above to
keep any thing. All thac they have for that Ufe is a.
Barn or Warehoufe of Stone one Story high, without
Windows, which' lias a Roof cover’d with Straw.
Therein they keep what they have: And when any
Fire happens, which is there very frequent, they cover
the Top of the Roof with thick Trees, and fand o-
ver them, to hinder the Fire to come to it. The
Partitions of the low Rooms are made of thick
Pecds call’d Bambus, fplic and cut like Laths. So
their Houfes are foon built, and at a lmall Charge.
At the Entry of the Gentleman’s Houfes and Noble¬
mens Palaces, there is a large fquare Place or Court,
£aU’d Pace bam, where the Guards ftand, and where they
give
 The Tirfl Voyage of the Dutch
give Audience ro every ;body, under a Hatr cover’d
with Heeds, or Leaves of Palm-Trees.
The Mefijuite or Chappel, is built in one of the
Corners of the Court; and there they never fail to meet
and fay their Prayers at Noon. Juft by is a Well,
out of which they draw Water to warfi thcmfelves.
Going further, you find a Door [and a narrow Alley,
wherein are many Corners and By-Places like Gentry-
Boxes, for the Slaves, who ftand there to guard and
defend their Matters, that they might not be furpriv’d
in the 'Night by their Enemies: for they are very falfe
and miftruftful one of another • and judging of others
by themfelves, truft no body.
There is in the City three great Places wherein they
keep a Market every day of all forts of Commodities
and Provifions, as we lhall tell you hereafter. Be-
lides the above-mention’d Houfes, there are fevera!
without the Town, and on the Sea-fide, mod of
which are inhabited by Foreigners, namely, Maldians,
Gy^arates, Bcngales, Abyjfms, 8cc.
The Chinefe have a particular Place towards the
Weft fide of Bantam,as well as the Portuguese, and there
the Dutchmen had their Warehoufe. This part of the
Town is defended by good Palifladoes on the Land-
fide, and by a Marfh, Which makes it very ftrong, and
difficult to be taken by force. It is alfo water’d by a
River on that fide; and if they could but make Wells
of frefh Water, they might eafily build a Fortrefs
there, by pulling down the Town-Wall which rvins on
that fide and along the Shoar, and making ufe of the
fame Stone to build it. It is a thing to be wilh’d for,
that the Dutch had prevented the Portuguese in that
Country, or at lead had been fupefiour to' them ; for
then they would not only have had the Trade of the
Spices in Java, but alfo that of the Molaqites, Amboina,
Banda, Timor, Solar, and other Places.
Wc faid already that there is at Bantam a Market e-
very day in three Places. The biggeft of them is in the
Eaft fide of the Town. There you may fee a Meet¬
ing early in the Morning of Merchants of all
Nations, Portuguese, Arabians, 7url{s,Chinefe, Qnillins,
Peguans, Maldians,Bengales, Gysarates, Ma!abians,A-
byjjins; and in a Word, from all the Indies. This
Meeting of fo many Merchants'laftstill'Nirie, at which
time they retire. b'
 to the Eaft-Inciies,
In going to the Market you find Women fitting by the
Paliffadoes of the Mcfquite or great Church, with Sacks
of Pepper, and a Meafure call’d Gantam, which contains
about three pounds weight. Thefe Women buy Pepper
of the Country people, who bring it to the Market at
eight or nine Caxas the Meafure. They arc very cun¬
ning, and have great Experience in that Trade. But
you fee alio fome Chinefe, who are more cunning: for
they go and meet the Country people in the Road, and
buy their Pepper very cheap.
Whhin the Paliffadoes of*?he Church you fee on
both fides a great many Women, who fell the Sallee
call’d Betcll'e, Aracea, Melons and Bananes.
Others fell a fort of Fritters or hot Cakes. Then you
come to a Place where Men fell all manner of Wea¬
pons and Arms that are made in the Country, on the
right fide, and Sugar, Honey and all forts of Sweet¬
meats, on the left.
Near that Place they fell Beans by the Meafure of
all Colours, White, Black, Red. Yellow, Green, Grey.
Then is the Market for Garlick and Onions, before
which the Linnen-Drapers and other Merchants walk.
The Enfurance-Office for Ships is kept there ; and
when the Ship comes home fafe, they get a great deal;
but if fhe is loft, they lofe their Mony.
On the right-hand of that Place you fee Hens,
Kids, Ducks, Pigeons, Parrots, and other Fowls, to
be fold. Here is a Triangle, which makes three little
Lanes, one of which goes to the China Merchants Shops,
the other to the Herb-Market, and rhe third to the
Butchers. Going to the China-Shops you find on the
right-hand a forry fort of Arabian and Coracun Jewellers,
who fell little Rubies, Hiacynths, and other Stones of
no value ; and on the left the Bengales fell Enamel
and other fmall Wares. Over-againft them you find
the rich China Shops full of Silk, Stuffs of all Co¬
lours, Damasks, Velvets, Sattins, Cloth of Gold,
Porcclaine, or China, and a World of pretty Toys in
feveral Shops. When you go to the fecond Lane,
you fee on the right-hand the Shops of the Bengali
Merchants, and on the left the Linnen-Drapers for
Men. Then the Linnen Markets for Women, where
no Man dares enter under a great Penalty.
 The fir ft Voyage of the Dutch
A little further there is the Herb and the Fruit-
Market on both fides; and when you come back you
fee the Filh-Market- Further on the left-hand you
find the Butchery, where they fell all manner of
Flefh, as Beef, Mutton, Elk, &c. and a little way
further the Spice-Market, where the Women have
Shops 'cry well furnilh’d with all forts of Spices,
and feveral Druggs, of which we fball fpeak here¬
after.
As you go further, on the right-hand you come to
the Market for Rice, Earthen-ware and Salt ; and on
the left, that of Oil and Coco’s: From whence you re¬
turn by the firft way to the Exchange where the Mer¬
chants aflemble.
After you have walk’d all about the Market-place,
you meet with another Market near the Palace, call’d
Pacebam, where all manner of Vi.duals and Provifions
are fold, and fome Pepper. This Market lafts till
Noon, and fometimes all the Day long. In the After¬
noon there is another Market every day in that part of
the Town where the Chinefe dwell, in which all forts of
Provifions and Commodities are fold.
The Inhabitants of the Inland Country of Java are
Heathens, and follow the Opinion of Pythagoras, be¬
lieving the Tranfmigration or paflage of the Soul
from one Body to another; and for. that reafon they
eat nothing that is entitl’d to Life. They kill no Ani¬
mals. On the contrary, they preferve them very care¬
fully. Along the Sea-fide, and upon the Coafts, ail
the inhabitants excepting a few, are Mahometans, and
they embrac’d Mahomctanifm not above fifty or rhrec-
fcore Years ago.
They acknowledge but four Prophets, Mofes, David,
Jefus Cbrift, and Mahomet, whofe Alcoran they obferve
very exadly. They have their Mcfquite's or Church¬
es, which no body enters without being wafh-’d.
They perform their Devotions with great Modefty and
Recollcdion, and have always their Faces towards
the Sun, proftrating feveral times their Bodies to the
Ground, and faying aloud certain Prayers, as the Po-
pilh Priefts do their Breviary. Moft of their Dodors'
come from Mecca, a Town in Arabia, where the Sepul¬
chre of Mahomet {lands.
 to the Eaft-Indies. 189
They keep two IcMfr in a Year. The longeft be¬
gins Augufl 5. and lafts 40 Days, The firft Day of
rhefe Lents the Slaves do Homage to their Mailers,
as a Mark of their Bondage and Submiflion. They
take hold of their Feet, and rub foftly wich their Hands
up to the Knees : Then to the Face and the hinder
Part of the Head ; and after that they hold up and
fpread their Hands.
At the End of the Lents they celebrate a Feaft like
Eaftcr. One of the Ceremonies of that Feaft, is to
fit down in the middle of a Circle with their Legs a- ‘
crofs as Taylors do when they are at work $ and in
that pollute they eat and drink together. Mailers, Chil¬
dren, Servants and Slaves, without Diftin&ion.
Before the New Moon appears, they get on the Top
of their Houfes, or of high Trees, to fee it; and as
foon as it appears, they make great lhooting and Ac¬
clamations of Joy. At Bantam one Man may marry
three or four Wives; and there are fome Men who
have twelve, which is not contrary to the Law of Ma¬
homet, who permits the Plurality of Wives ; and in
that City, you will find at leaft ten Women for
one Man.
But befides their lawful Wives, they alfo keep
Concubines, who are Chamber-maids to the firft, and
attend ’em when they go abroad. The Concubines
may freely lie wich their Mailers if the lawful Wife
confents; and Ihe gets much Honour by fuch a Piece
of Complaifance. The Concubines Children cannot
be fold, though their Mothers are Slave*. They are
born for the lawful Wife, as Ifmael was for Sarah.
But thefe Mothers-in-law commonly poifon their a-
doptive Children.
The young Children run about ftark-naked ; only
they have a Golden or Silver Scutcheon about the
Middle. The Girls wear Bracelets befides.
When they are thirteen or fourteen Years of Age,
their Parents are oblig'd to marry them, or elfe they
will lead a lewd Life j For at that Age young Boys and
Girls know all manner of Debauchery.
They have befides another Reafon why they mar¬
ry them fo young, to make them their Heirs, and
exclude the King from their. Succelfion. For ic is
an eftablifli’d Law at Bantam, That when a Man is
' ' ' ’ ' dead,
l9o The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
dead, the King takes his -Wife, Children, and Eftate,
as his own-and makes the Mother a Slave. Now, to
prevent this, the Parents marry their Children at
nine or ten years of Age, and fometimes younger, e-
fpecially thofe that are rich.
Women that marry Men of Quality, have for their
Portion about a hundred thoufand Coxa's, and fome
Slaves, as we were inform’d upon a Marriage made
while the Dutch were at Bintom. For the Sabandar
then marry’d his fecond Son to a young Lady his
Coufin, who had for her Portion fifty Men and fifty
young Women, and Three hundred thoufand Coxa's,
which amounts to fifty fix Livres, Dutch Mony, or there¬
about.
On the Wedding-day the Bridegroom and the Bride,
their Parents, Relations and Slaves, are finely dreft,
each according to their Quality and Condition. In
the Houles of both Spoufes you fee a great Quan¬
tity of Javelins Handing garnilh’d with hanging Tufts
of white and red Callico, like fring’d Pieces of Silk
that hang on our Trumpets. There is alfo a great
Shouting of Potererocs upon fuch Occafions : For they
have no great Dexterity in managing fmaller Fire-
Arms.
In the Afternoon they bring a Horfe ready faddl’d,
to the Bridegroom, and he rides through the City till
Night; then he returns to his Spoule. During his
Cavalcade, the Slaves who are given him by the
Marriage, meet him with a Prefent for each of them,
and at the fame time bring him the Bride's Portion
adorn’d with fevcral Ornaments. Then the Parents
on both fides, and the Relations, with the two Spou¬
fes, fit down to a great Banquet: And at laft they
are conduiffcd to a low Room with Curtains round a-
bout it, where they go to Bed together.
Women of Quality are .tept lo very ftriA, that,
their own Sons dare not go into their Chamber.
When they go abroad, which is very feldom, if any
Man, even the King himlelf, meet them by chance
in the Way, he is oblig’d to retire, or he will expole
himfelf to be bafely abus’d by the Mob. No Man
whatfoever dare fpeak with a Woman of Quality
without her Husband’s Leave. In the Night-time
they chaw Bntclt, which they have always ready by
 fo the Eaft-Indies. x9i
’em, and now and then a Slave rubs ’em, You can' t
diftinguifh rich Women from the Poor by their drefie
For when, they go abroad, they have a great
piece of Linnen-Cloth or Silk Stuff wrapt about their
Body, which reaches above their Breafis, and is girc
about their Middle with another piece of Linnen
Cloth. They go bare-foot, and have nothing upon
their Heads, but their own Hair ty’d at the Top : But
when they affift at a great Feaft or Ceremony, they
put a Crown of Gold upon their Head, and wear Brace¬
lets of Gold or Silver,
They are extraordinary neat, and wafh themfelves
four or five times in a day: For they never do any
necefTary thing, or ly with their Husbands, without
wafhing themfelves all over, and even fwimming pub-
lickly without being alham’d.
This Cuftom of Bathing publickly, makes the Water
very unwholfome : For all forts of lick Perfons, even
thofe who are pox’d, wafh themfelves in it. Some
Dutchmen having drunk fome of that Water, fell very
lick, and fome of ‘emdy’d.
The Women of Bantam are extreamly lazy. They
fit all day long without doing any thing in the World.
The Slaves do all the Work in the Houfe; and the
Men only fit upon Mats in the middle of ten or twenty
Women, and chaw Betel!. Every time they make
Water, one of their Wives wafhes and rubs the Mem¬
ber imploy’d in that Evacuation, till he faith ’tis e-
nough. This fort of Work and Exercife pleas’d migh¬
tily the Governor, who took a great Pleafure to keep
his Wives long at that Work. And the Dutch were
told that he negledled many important Affairs for fo filly
a Sport.
So the Men pafs their time away in diverting
themfelves with their Wives: Sometimes their Slaves
play before them upon a fort of Violin with three
Strings. They alfo make ufe of Bafons which they
beat with Sticks, minding the Cadences; and the Wo¬
men dance a fmooth Dance without much Skipping,
turning about very nimbly their Bodies, their Shoulders
and Arms.
Moft commonly they dance in the Night-time:
Then you hear a terrible Noife of Mufick Inftruments
and Bafons. In the mean while the Husband fits upon
' ' .. Mats,
192, The firfl Voyage of the Dutch
Mats, and looks very ferioufly upon every one of his
Wives, who all endeavour to pleafe and divert him
that they may have the Honour to lie with him that
Night. '
The Magiftrates of Bantam keep their publick
Meetings in the Palace after the Sun-fet, to adminifter
Juftice to every body. The Poor as well as the Rich,
have Right to come and make their Complaints. Every
one is oblig’d to appear in Perfon, and plead his own
Caufe. So there is no need of Attornies or Counfellors 5
and the Suit is immediately difpatchd.
The Criminals that are condemd'd to die, are ty’d to
a Poll and Stabbed. The Foreigners that commit
Murthers have that great Priviledge, to redeem their
life by a Sum of Money given to the Lord or Ma¬
iler of the dead Man. This Law was made to keep
Foreigners from leaving the Country. The Dutch
have enjoy’d that Priviledge, which was never granted
to the Natives.
They always treat about State Affairs in the Night¬
time, and with Moon-light they meet under a very
large Tree, and the Affetnbly muft be at leaft com-
pofed of five hundred Counfellors, when they refolve
to impofe a new Tax of Money upon the Inhabi¬
tants. They tarry under that Tree till Moon-fet, then
they part, and go to Bed. And when they are up,
they divert themfelves with their Wives till Din¬
ner.
After Dinner, they give Audience to any body that
has a tnind to propofe any thing to the next Council.
And when they meet again, they fet upon the Ground,
the King or the Governor being fet in the middle.
The King himfelf propofes what is to be done, and asks
the advice of every one in particular.
As to the affairs of War, the King calls to the
Council all the General and under Officers, which
are three hundred in number ; and if any thing con-
fiderable, or fome great Expedition is refolved upon,
thefe 300 Officers command the Inhabitants, who 0-
bey them faithfully. If a great Fire happen, the Wo¬
men only without the afliftance of Men, are obliged
to put it out, but all the Men are prefentj and well
armed to prevent any Robbery or Diforder.

When
 to the Eaft-Indies. 19 j
When any of the chief Noble-Men, whom they call •
Captains, goes to Court, he hath a Javelin or two,
and a Sword with a red or black Velvet Scabbard
bora before him ; and'if any Slave of either Sex meet
him Walking with chat Ceremony, they mu ft ftep afide
and kneel down, till the Noble-Man is patted.
The People of Bantam are mighty Proud, and walk
with great Pomp, having a fine and rich Handker¬
chief in their Hands, and a Turbant oi fine Linnen
Cloth of Bengale upon their Heads. Some wear a
little Velvec, ora black or red Cloth Cloak. Their
Poniards are tycd to their Girdle, either behind or be¬
fore, and it is the bell Weapon they make ufe of.
They are always attended by their Servants, one
of whom carries a bunch of Betel, another a Cham¬
ber-Pot, and a third an Umbrella, which he holds o-
ver his Matters Head. They go bare-foot, and it is
a greac Infamy among them, to walk abroad with
.Shoes and Scockins on. Buc in their Houfes they wear
Shoes of red Leather made in China, Malacca, or A-
clxm. whence they likewife import their Umbrella’s.
The Inhabitants of Java are naturally Falfe, Mali¬
cious, and lovers of Murther; they fpare no body’s
life when they are the ftrongeft. When a Mart has kill’d
another in a Quarrel, knowing that he mutt certain¬
ly dye for ic, he runs in the Streets with fuch a fury,
that he wounds and kills every one he meets in hist
way, without fparing the Children , till the Mob
catches him , and delivers him up to Juftice. But
they feldom catch him alive, for they are afraid of
being (tabbed, and ic often happens that the Murthe-
rer himfelf is (tabbed in many places.
They are fuch nimble and cunning Thieves, that.no
Nation in the World can furpafs them. Their Hair
and Nails are always long, but they file their Teeth.
They are of a black-brown Complexion x like the
Brazilian!, being ftrong and well draped. Their Face"
is flat, their Cheeks broad and high, their Eye-lids
large ; their Eyes little, and their Beard thin.
They are extraordinary dutiful to their Superiors,
and exactly execute their Orders, even to the danger
of their Life. They are fo Revengeful, that when
’hey are wounded by their Enemies, they have no'
& ‘ ieft
194 77-^ Fir ft Voyage of the Dutch
reft till they have taken Vengeance of them, in kil¬
ling them, or dying themfelves upon the fpot.
From this one would judge, that they were bold and
intrepid Soldiers; but at the fame time they don’t
know how to handle a Cannon or Musket: it is cer¬
tain, that if they were able to doit, they would be
Invincible. They have no other Weapons, but long
Javelins, Poniards, broad Swords, Daggers, and Woo¬
den or Leather Bucklers. They have alfo a kind of
Armor joyned with Iron Rings. Their Poniards are
extraordinary well temper’d, and as ’twere Enamelled.
The King gives one to every Boy that’s five years
old ; for they begin to wear it at that Age.
They have no Pay, only in time of War the King
allows them Cloaths, Arms, and Rice and Fifh fortheir
Diet. Moft of the Soldiers belong to Noble-Men, or
rich Merchants, who command them to March, and
Difarm them when they pleafe. They arc very good
for a fudden Expedition, and for a Surprife.
The greateft Riches of the Gentlemen and great No¬
blemen, confift in having a great number of Slaves,
for he who has the moft, is counted the Mightieft
and Richeft. The Slaves are never idle, having al¬
ways fome work or other to do ; but efpecially that
of cutting Wood for the handles of their Daggers,
which are made of white Sanders Wood finely carved.
They keep their Arms very clean and fhining, which
they rub over with Poyfon, and make them fo (harp,
that they cut like Razors.
They never deep either in the Day Or in the Night,
without having their Arms laid under their Head ; nay,
they fuffer no body to touch them, for they miftruft
every body. And indeed they are in the right, for
there is no Man, whether Rich or Poor, Mafter or
Slave, but he is capable of an ill Defign, and of a
barbarous Action, all of them being the moft Trea¬
cherous People in the World. A Brother never'fpeaks
with his Brother, without having his Poniard ready,
and three or four Javelins and Bucklers in the Hall
of his Houfc. Some of them have Patereroes in the
Yard, but without any Ammunition to charge them.
They make ufe of Trunks to fling poyfon’d Darts,
the point of which being made of Fifh-Tecth, is fo
(harp and fo fmall, that when they (hoot at any body,
it
 . to the Haft-Indies. I9f
it breaks and 'fticks in the Flelh, and fo caufing an,
Inflammation and great Corruption, quickly occafions'
! Death. However, fotne of the Dutch who were lhot
; with thefe Darts, had the fecret to cure the Wounds*
1 at which the Inhabitants were amazed, for they took
i ’em to be Mortal.
1 We intimated above, that the Inhabitants of that Coun-
; try have no dexterity in the ufe of Muskets; of which
; I’ll give you only one Inftance. One of them being
; taught by a Dutchman, to flioot a Musket, went out
] of the Town to Hunt or Fowl, and meeting with a
| wild Bull, killed him, but at the fame time fell down
i himfelf, and broke two of his great Teeth, and his
i lowermoft Jaw, and after that accident, he never made
| ufe of a Musket again.
I .Behind the City of Bantam, and the Coaft of Stm-
| itt, at the foot of a Mountain called Gonon Befar,
! where the Pepper grows, there lives a good fort of
i'People, who formerly dwelt along the Mountain of
1 Paffdrnan, lltuated to the Eaftern end of Java. Thefe
; People being opprefs’d by the Tyranny of their King,
: came a few years agoe with the confent of the King
! of Bantam, under fome Conditions, to fettle them-
fclves under the Mountain of Gonan Befar, where they
; have built a Town called Sura, in which their King
refides. They have alfo built feveral other Towns,
in and about the Neighbouring Country.
They live together very peaceably, and apply them-
felves to Manure the Ground. They eat nothing chat
hath life, following in that the opinion of Pythagoras,
and the Maxiins of the Brackjnans or Indian Priefts.
All the Inhabitants of Java were of the fame opini¬
on before the Mahometan Religion got footing in that
place.
They are extream fober, and never marry; their
Cloathing is a large piece of white Paper, made of
the Bark of Trees; girt about their Body’s, with a-
nother piece upon their Head. In fhort, they lead
a Philolbphers life. They carry Pepper and Fruit to
Bantam to fell.
There is another fort of People in Java, who till
the Ground, and farm the Kings Demefn, and Lords
Eftates, paying them in Rice, or in Caxas. They call
them Cattivas del Bey, the King’s Captifs,
O 2 Gentle^
 The firjl Voyage of. the Dutch
Gentlemen and rich Merchants have their Farms
and Country Houfes , wherein they keep Slaves to
Manure and Improve the Ground, who bring to their
Mafters all forts of Fruits, Pepper, Rice, Coco-Nuts,
Hens, Goats, &c.
Sometimes the Slaves farm thefe Eftates, but they
mull be very careful and exadl to pay their Mailer.
For that reafon they choofe rather to be Day-La¬
bourers, for they get 800 Caxas in a Day befides their
Diet, or tooo without the Diet. Others have nothing
but Victuals and Cloaths.
There are fome that work fix days for their Ma¬
fters, and fix other days to maintain their Families,
. byFifhing, Tilling the Ground, or by any other Trade,
but they mull be very faithful ■ for if they cheat their
Mafters in the leaft thing in the World, they fell
them, or tie a Log of Wood with a Chain about
them, which they always carry; or elfe punilh them
fome other way.
The Women Slaves mull lifcewife earn a certain
Sum of Money for their Mafters. Some fit every day
in the Market, and fell all forts of Commodities: Ci¬
thers Spin and Weave I.inncn Cloth, and are all day
long bufie in getting Money for their Mafters, and
their Family.
When they have a mind to fell a Slave, they lead
him from one Houfe to another, and he who gives
moll, hath the Slave. They fell commonly for five
Vanlos. that is about nine I.ivers of Dutch Money.
The Children born of thel'e Slaves, belong by right
to their Mafters, who may difpofe of them as they
pkafe, but cannot kill them, without the King’s or Go¬
vernor’s confenr.
The Merchants born in Bantam Town are very
Cunning, great Difiemblers, and falfe to Strangers, tho'
they are mere fincere among themlelves.
They very often adulterate Pepper, by mixing with
it black Sand and little Stones, to make it heavier.
They trade in all the Neighbouring Iflands, where
they Import and Export leveral forts of Merchandife
They bring from the Iflands of MacaJJer and Somittti).
a fort of .Rice called Brafs , and give two hundred
Caxas for the G.mtam or Meafure , which is three
pounds weight Holland Weight, and fell it again for*
 to the Eafl-Indies.
thoufand Caxas, more or lefs according to the Seafon,
which makes but three pence, and nine Deniers Dutch
Money.
Great quantities of Coco are tranfported from Ba-
lanbuam to Bantam. They buy a hundred pounds
weight for a thoufand Caxas, and fell it again in Ban¬
tam at the rate of eight pounds for a Santa, i. e. 200
Caxa's. They alfo import great quantities of Oyl made
of Coco-Nuts, and put up in Earthen Pots.
From Joartam, Genici , Pati, Juama , and other
Neighbouring places, they tranfport a great deal of
big Salt, of which they buy 800 Gant.ims for 150000
Caxas, and fell three Gant aim at Bantam fora thou¬
fand Caxas. Oftentimes they export it again to feve-
ral places of Sumatra, and exchange it for Lacca, Pep¬
per, Benjamin, Cotton, Tortoife-lheils, and other Com¬
modities
Sugar, Honey, and Bees-wax, come from Jacatra,
Japara, Cranaon, Timor, Palimkm, and other places,
and are fold in Bantam.
Abundance of dry Filh come alfo from Carvaon and
Bandcrmajjin. Crimata, a Town fituated to the Sou¬
therly end of the Illand of Borneo, fends to Bantam a
great deal of Iron. Barnica, a very high Illand, fur-
nilhed Bantam with Pitch and Tar. Peru and Gufe-
kn, upon the Coaft of Malaga, near Cuda, furnilhes
Pewter and Lead. Bali and Cambaia, fends them Cot¬
ton and Callico Garments ready made.
The rich Merchants ftay at home, and never Tra¬
vel. When Ships are ready to Sail, they give a Sum
of Money to the Matters or Pilots, on condition to
have it double, when they return fafe ; fometimes
more or lefs, according as the Voyage is long or (hort,
of which they draw up Articles: And as foon as the
Ship is return’d into the. Harbor, the Merchant is im*
mediately paid, or in 'default of Payment, the Ma¬
tter gives his Wife and Children in Pawn, till the
Merchant is fatisfied, except in cafe of Ship-wrack, or
fuch other Accidents.
They write Gontra&s and all other Writings upon
Leaves of Trees, with an Iron Style or Pin, and then
roll them’ up ; but they bind Books very neatly with
little Cords, between two fine Boards. They alfo
write upon China Paper of all colours, which is ex¬
traordinary fine and dean, O 3 They
 The Firfi Voyage of the Dutch
They have no Printing, but they write a very good
Hand. Their Letters or Chara&ers are twenty in
number, by which they exprefs every thing. The Cha¬
racters are Malaian, for they fpeak the fame Lan¬
guage, which is eafie to fpeak and learn. All the In¬
dians and the IJlandcrs underftand the Malaian Tongue.
But there are Schools at Bantam to learn Arabick,
which is much in ufe there.
The Perjians at Bantam, whom the Javancfc call
Caracons, iubfift by trading in Drugs and Precious
Stones. They are very fine and knowing Merchants,
of a fweet and civil Humour, True and Plain Deal¬
ers, loving Strangers, and the molt Obliging and Ho¬
nourable Men in the World.
The Arabians and Peguans trade by Sea, they trans¬
port Merchandife from one Town to another, and
buy a great quantity of China Wares, which they take
in exchange for the other Merchandise they bring from
the Iflands.
The Malaians and QuiSins Merchants are Pawn-
Brokers, and lend Money at a vaft Intereft. The
Ga^arates are poor, and ferve as Mariners, and they
help the Brokers to put out their Money.
All thefe Perfons of fo many different Nations, are
cloathed with fine Callico, and wear Turbants. As
loon as a Stranger arrives at Bantam, he buys a Wife
for his ufe, for the Day, and for the Night. And
when he returns, he fells her, but takes the Children
with him if fhe hath any, and gives the Mother liberty
to marry whom fhe pleafes.
The China Merchants, as we faid before, live in. a
quarter furrounded with ftrong Paliffadoes, and a
Marfh. Their Houfes arc the fineft in the City. They
are very Ingenious, and Diligent, and know their own
Intereft, as well as any Nation in Bantam ; they keep
a good Table, but are lookt upon as great Ufurers, as
well as the Portuguese Jem.
They buy Pepper at the firft Hand, and go from
one Village to another with their Weights in their Hands
to weigh it; and fo'they buy it as cheap as they can,
obferving carefully the condition and the need of the
Sellers. When they have bought a great Stock, they
embark it in China Ships, which come for that pur-
pofe. They fell commonly two Sacks for a Cari, and
gave but the fame price for eight Sacks. Thefe
 to the Eaft-Indies! 199
Thefe Ships come every year to Bantam in the
Month of January, and carry fifcy Tuns. The Mo¬
ney they bring is currant in Bantam, as well as in the
whole Ifland of Java, and the other adjacent Iflands.
They call it Cas in Malaian, and Pin's in the Java
Language. It is of a very bad Allay, being thinner
than a Farthing, and withal, nothing but a piece of
Lead melted, and mixed with a little Copper Drofs,
which makes it fo brittle, that when you let a Bag of
’em fall, mod: of them, break in pieces. And if you
leave them only one Night in fait Water, they cake
and flick together fo faft, that you cannot part them
without breaking of them.
This Money is made in China, in the City of Chin-
cheo. It wasfirft tranfported to Java in the year 1590
for the following Reafons.
Wantai King of China, feeing that the great quanti¬
ty of Caxas coyned in the Reign of Huyien his Pre-
deceffor had fill’d all the Neighbouring Iflands, and
were fo common, that his Subjc&s did not know what
to do with them, for that they were not then currant
in China it felf, where the People pay nothing in
Money , but with little bits of Silver , which they
weigh againft Con Juris, or fmall red Beans which
have a black fpot on one fide. tVantai I fay, found a
remedy for this inconvenience, by making the Cax-
as of a worfe Allay than they were before, to the
end, that their aptnefs to break, might render them
fcarcer.
But this Contrivance proving infufficient to fink ’em
in time, King Hommion who fucceeded Wantai, melt¬
ed them all again, and made their Allay yet worfe,
when the Dutch were at Bantam. This is the reafott
why the Caxas are valued fo little. They are punch¬
ed in the middle, and ftring’d with little twifts of
Straw, two hundred in one Twift, which is called
Santa, and is worth nine Deniers. Five Santas tied
together, make a thoufand Caxas, or a Sapoon. The
Dutch had twelve or thirteen thoufand of ’em for a
piece of Eight.
The old Caxas are moft all broke and melted, and
are no currant Money. When the new ones came our,
they gaye 10000 of them for fix Sacks of Pepper;
Q 4 but
400 Fie Firfl Voyage of the Dutch
but now that the China Ships are arrived, you have
j ooooo for two Sacks, or two and a half.
Thefe Ships import likewife China Ware, both fine
and courfe. When they arrive, you may buy five or
fix great Difhes of the two forts for a thoufand Caxas,
’which is about Six-pence ; but if you day longer, you
have but two or three, and hardly that for the fame
price. They alfo bring fine fowing Silk of all co¬
lours, and little pieces of fourteen or fifteen Ells of
Silk Stuffs, and feveralother curious Mcrchandife.
When they return back they lade them with Pep¬
per, all the Lacca that comes from Tolomham. Anil,
Sanders Wood, Nutmegs, Cloves, Tortoifc Shells, of
which they make in China very fine Trunks and Ca¬
binets, and Elephants Teeth , of which they make
Chairs fo well wrought, that they are more valued
than Silver ones, and the Mandarins and Viceroys make
ufe of them.
The China Merchants at Bantam, diftill a great deal
of Coco Wine to make Brandy, which is very good.
Thofeof them that the Dutch faw there, had a very
ordinary Meen ; they had great Eyes, the Skin dretcht
upon a flat Face, a broad Forehead, and long black
Hair tied, and twided together over their Head, with
a lirtle Net over ir, which is very fine, being made of
Hoife-hair, and tyed very hard.
They have very little or no Beard. As for their
Rel gion, way of Living, Manners, and other Quali¬
ties, we (hall touch upon thefe hereafter.
Every body knows that the Portuguese have traded
in the Eafl-Indies, thefe fix fcore years and above.
Accordingly they built Forts in all the places where
they thought to gain any Profit. Mod of thofe Forts
itand to the Weil of the Streight of Malacca. But
they could not build any in the Iflands, which lye
on the Eaft of that Srreight, nor in China, nor in Jar
■pan. They have fpread themfelvcs over all the In¬
dies, and trade by Sea from one place to another in
Fujies, which arc very light Veffels.
They live in Bantam, ip the fame Part of the Town
where the China Merchants live, neither of thefe two
Natio: s being permitted to dwell within the Walls.
Their Comirierce is chiefly in Pepper, Cloves, Nut*
tnegs, Sanders Wood, long Pepper, and other Drug!
; .. • that
 to the Eaft-Indies. zoi
that grow in the Eafl-lnaics. Thwgive in exchange
Linnen Cloth, and ocher Commodifies fenc to them
by their Superiors from '4 il icca ;■ for thofe of Bantam
are but Fa&ors <o the Governor at Malacca, or to
the Archbilhop of Goa, or to fome other rich Mer¬
chants.
They have no Church or Chappel in Bantam. But
they have fome at Pananican <>-ere many Inhabitants
have embraced the Chnftcn Religion. They wear
long Breeches after the Indian and Perfian mode ; but
they go barefoot attended by their Slaves, one of whom
holds an Umbrella over their Head.
They haveFuftes and great Galleys at Bantam, but
they can hardly preferve them, for they crack and o-
pen, though they keep them under a Roof to prevent
fuch Accidents. They make life of them upon Expe¬
ditions or Sieges, but ’tis a long while before they get
’em ready to fail.
Their Galiots are much like thofe in Europe, fa-
ving that they have only a Gallery at the Stern, and
the Slaves or Rowers fit by themfelves under the
Deck, in Chains. The Soldiers are above them upon
the Deck, that they may fight with more liberty. They
have two Malts, and four Patereroes planted in the
fore-part.
The Praos or Pirogues ferve to Cruife and Guard
all the Illands againft Pirates and other Accidents; they
alfo make ufe of them to run Goods without paying the
Duty. They have a Deck made like a Roof of a
Houfe, as well as the Pleafure-Barges, and no body
can go to the Stern, but by going over the Deck.
They have a great Malt, and a Mizzen-Maft, at the
top and bottom of which is a long Reed. The Sails
are made of twifted Herbs, or Leaves of Trees. Six
Men row at the forepart, and two fit at the Stern to
fleer ; for they have two Helms, one on each fide, and
a Reed in the middle, fattened with a Rope under
the Stern. All Jonques, and the other Velfels of that
Country, have alfo two Helms.
Jcnques have a Sprit-Matt, a Fore-Matt, a Great
Matt, and a Mizzen-Maft ; as alfo a Deck made like
the Roof of a Houfe, which flickers them from the
Sun, the Rain, and the Dew. They have no other
Appartments befides the Captain’s, or the Matter’s
Cham-
zoz The Virfi Voyage of the Dutch
Chamber, and but a Bolc-forit Sail in the fore-partr
The Hold is divided into leveral Partitions, wherein
they flow the Goods; and ’tis in this place that their
Chimneys are.
The Mariners of ’Bantam have no Sea Maps, for
they don’t know how to ufe them. It is not long
lince they made ufe of the Compafs, and they are be¬
holden to the Portuguese for it. Formerly they knew
but eight Rumbs of Wind, becaufe there are but two
Cardinal Winds, which blow all the year long. One
of thefe is the North-Eaft, which they call Ceilaon,
and which continues from Ottober, to the end of March;
then the Currents run with fuch Rapidity towards
the Eaft, that in that time the Dutch failed eleven
days without advancing forward. The other is the
Eaft-South-Eaft, called by them Timur, which blows
all the reft of the year, and the Currents carry them
to the Weft with the fame violence, as they did be¬
fore to the Eaft.
No body holds the Helm, but two Pilots, who al¬
ways coaft along, fo they need no Sea-Maps. A
world of thofe Pirogues are made in Bandermaffin, a
Town in the Eland of Borneo, where you may buy
one laded with Bees-wax, Rice, dry Filh, and other
products of the Country, at a cheap rate.
They build a great many Foifts, called Cathurs at
Lajfaim, a Town in Java, fituated between Char a li¬
on and Japara, where they have plenty of good Tim¬
ber. ' In fine, there is a great quantity of Ships in the
Eajl-Indies, but fo fmall, that the biggeft Jon quo the
Dutch-there faw, did not carry above forty Tuns.
But the Ships of China and Pegu are larger.
There is in Java a fort of Boats which run fo fall,
that it is almoft incredible. They are made of the Bo¬
dy of a hewn Tree, very (harp before, and round un¬
derneath; and lead they fhould over-turn, they put
on both Tides, of the Boat two big Reeds, at the di-
Itance of a Fathom from her, tying them to two flicks,
which are fattened to the forepart, and to the Stern,
and by that means the Boat carries fo great a Sail,
.hat one admires to fee it run, and to perceive that
v hen under fail, (he is not over-fet by the Wind. But
in cafe of fuch an accident, there would be no great
danger, for the Inhabitants can fwim very well.
Wheti
 to the Eaft-Indies.
When they travel by Sea, they always take their
Wiveswith them, and they wonder’d to fee the Dutch
in fo long a Voyage without their Wives. To ob¬
lige the Dutch, they once lent them a Woman on board,
but the Dutch fent her back again.
As for the ^niinals found in the Ifland of Java,
fuch are Elephants, which they tame very eafily, and
let out afterwards to work ; and the Rhinoceros, which
are great Enemies of the Elephants, and have Horns
over their Nofes, which preferve from any Poyfon,
according to the Opinion of fome Authors, and of
which the Dutch bought fome pieces.
The Iflarid of Java hath plenty of Stags and Hinds,
but it is very hard to catch them, becaufe of the thick—
nefs of the Woods, except you kill them with Fufils,
which the Inhabitants make no ufe of. These is alfo
a great quantity of wild Bulls, Buffles, and wild
Boars, befides tame Bulls, Cows and Buffs, which
give a great deal of Milk, not to mention their nume¬
rous Sheep, and delicate Goats.
In the remote!! parts of Java, you find feveral forts
of Apes and Wheafees, which divert the Travellers by
their Poftures. You alfo find a great many wild Pea¬
cocks, Parrots, and an infinite number of Birds.
The Rivers are full of Crocodiles, who attack Men
upon the Water, and drag them to the bottom. The
Chinefe have a fecret of catching, taming, and fatning
them, and they fay their Flelh eats very well.
You likewife find a world of Civet-Cats, which
they call Caftory, but the inhabitants don't know the
ufe of Musk, as they do in Guinea, where it is whi¬
ter, finer, and far better than any where elfe.
In the Ifland of Java and Madagafcar, we met with
a great many Cameleons. The Dutch found a Sala¬
mander in a Tree, in a little Ifland in the Bay of
Anton Gil: She was two Spans in length, and had a
very fharp Snout, great Eyes, the Back and the Tail
long and fmooth, and four great Claws, This was a
horrid and dreadful fpe&acle.
The Dutch bought in the Ifland of Santa Maria,
two little Beads of the bignefs of Rabbets, which had
a (harp fnout, and did grunt like Hogs. Their Body
was cover’d with Hair ftanding on end like the Quills
of Porcupipes, they had but fliorc Feet, and were ve¬
ry
 The firfi Voyage of the Dutch
ry eager. They catch’d them in a Canal of fair
Water, between that Ifland and another which is near.
it
Upon the Southerly Coaft of Madagafcar, you fee
a world of little Cats, who live upon a fort of Fruit
called Jamarins, which groweth upon Palm-Trees.
They have a long Body, a tharp Snout, fhort Feet, and
a long fpotted Tail.
There is two forts of Pullets in Java ; fome are
like ours in Europe, and others are half Turkeys,
being of a ftrange Species; for they are fo cholerick,
and fight one againft another with fo great fury, that
the Inhabitants take a great delight to fee them, ty¬
ing little Lancets to the Spurs of the Cocks, till
one hath kill’d the other, and they bet very high up¬
on the event. The owner of the Vi&orious Cock
becoming Mafter of that that is killed, brings it home
and eats it. The Dutch found alfo in Java, a fort
of well tailed Fowl, whofe Flefh and Bones and Fea¬
thers were black.
‘ You fee a great quantity of Elephants in Ethio
‘ pi a, and in the States of Prefter John, behind the I-
‘ Hand Mofambickj where the Cafres and Negros kill
‘ them to fell the Teeth to the Portuguese. You find
* alfo many of them in the Indies, and efpecially in
‘ Pegu, where they hunt them with a great multitude
' of People, and tame Elephants. They drive them
‘ into an inclofed place, a thoufand at a time, take as
‘ many as they want, and let the reft go.
‘ They tame them by degrees, by Threatnings,
‘ Hunger, Third, and other Methods, till they tin-
‘ derftand the Voice of their Teacher; then they
‘ anoint them with Oyl: walk them, and give them
‘ any thing they love to eat, which makes them at
‘ laft as tame and as fubmiiftve, as any Man can be,
‘ and indeed one may fay, they want nothing bin
‘ Speech
‘ The bed and the mod underftanding Elephants in
‘ the World, are found in the Ifland of Ceylon, and if \v:
‘ belieye the Indians, the other Elephants refpedt them.
‘ All manner of Burdens, as Tuns, Sacks, Packs,
‘ ate tranfported from one place to another by Ele-
‘ phants. • The Carrier rides on the Neck of the Ele¬
phant, with his Feet under his Ears, and a Hook in
 to the Eaft-Indies. 10$
‘ his Hand, with which he pricks him in the Head be-
‘ tween the Ears, where the Tefticles are placed, and
‘ that makes them fo fenfible, and fo eafie to be ra-
‘ rned.
‘ When the Elephant is brought near the Load he
is to carry, the Carrier tying the Pack with a Cord,
orders him to take it up. The Elephant prefently
takes up the Cord with his Trunk, turns it with
his Teeth, draws the end of the Cord into his
Mouth, and fo carries the Pack. But if you would
have him carry it a Ship-board, then the Elephant
goes to the Water-lide, and throws the Load into
the Veflel; but if it is a Tun, he goes to fetch fome
ftones with his Trunk,and placing them under the Tun,
he gives a pu(h to it with his Teeth, to try whether
he can roll ir away to the Ship.
‘ The Elephants feed upon Rice and Water. They
lie down to deep, and bend the Knees, and other
Members like other four-footed Animals. In the Win¬
ter when it begins to Rain they turn hot, and grow fo
furious, that it is impoflible to rule them. In thar
cafe they take them out of the Town to the Fields,
where they tie them by the Legs to a huge Tree
with an iron Chain, and leave them there till their
fury is over, which lafts from April till September.
Afterwards they are as tame as before. You ought
to take a great care not to affront or hurt them, for
they never forgive till they are revenged.
‘The Inhabitants of .Ceylon and Pegu, wage War
with Elephants. They tie Swords to their Teeth,
and lay wooden Towers over their Backs, wherein
are five or fix Men to (hoot with Arrows or Muf-
kets. It is ftrange, that thefe great and ftrong Ani¬
mals are frighted at the fight of a Cat, a Moufe,
or an Indian Ant. They have perhaps a natural ap-
prehenfion, that they would get into their Trunk.
‘ When they have a mind to couple, the Male gets
on a high Ground, and the Female under. When
they travel, they make fo great a noife with their
Feet, and with the lhaking of their Ears, that one
may hear them a great way off.
‘ Upon occafion they run as faff as a Horfe. They
are Ambitious and Proud, but never forget any kind-
nefs done to them, exprefiing fometimes their Grati-
* rude
20 6 The Firjl Voyage of the Dutch
1 tude, by bowing down their Head to theirBenefadtotSi
‘ when they pafs by their Houfes.
‘ As for the Rjsinocercte, called Abaci a by the Indians,
1 you find many of them in Bengale, and P atari?. They
‘ are Icffer, and not fo high as Elephants, and have
* over the Nofea lhort Hotn, which is (harp at the
‘ end, , and thicker near the Nofe, being of a deep
‘ blewilh or whitilh colour. Their Snout is much
‘ like that of a Hog; their Skin is wrinkled, which
‘ makes them look as if they were all overfealy.
‘ When they drink, all other Animals who are pre-
‘ fent muft forbear drinking till they have done. They
* cannot drink without dipping their Horn in the Wa-
‘ ter, becaufe it is fo near the Mouth. Their Horn,
* Teeth, Nails, Flelh, Skin, Blood, and even their Ex-
‘ crements, are very much valued, and fought for by
‘ the Indians, as a fovereign Remedy for many Di-
‘ (tempers. Some are of opinion, that Rhinoccrotes are
‘ the lame as the Unicorns, which were fo com-
* mended by the ancients, tho' never yet feen in any
‘ place of the World.
‘ The ancient writers thought, that the Camelions
' lived upon the Air and the Wind. You fee a great
‘ many of them in the Indies, and they never hurt any
‘ body. Pliny reports, that the Camelion hath the fi-
‘ gure and lhape of a Lyon, though no bigger than
‘ a Lizzard. He is eight or nine Inches long from
‘ Head to Tail, and about five Inches thick. His Legs
‘‘are three Inches in Length. His Skin is rough, and
‘ lull of little knobs, and the Back bone very lharp.
‘ The colour of Camelions changes according to
‘ the feveral Objedfs they are oppofed to, lor natu-
‘ rally they are of a blackilh colour. They roll their
‘ Eyes perpetually, and very quick, but have no Eye-
1 lids. We know by Experience, that they live upon
‘little Flies which they catch, and caft out Excre-
‘ ments.
‘ All over the Indies there’s an infinite multitude of
‘ Ants, which do incredible Mifchief. You cannot
‘ leave any thing in the World in their way, whether
‘ Cioaths, Linnen Cloth, but it is prefently co-
‘ ver’d with Ants, they will eat through a Loaf of
‘ Bread in a Moment. To avoid fuch Mifchiefs, the
‘ Indian Trunks or Cupboards ftand off the Ground
‘ upon
 to the Eaft-Indies. 207
upon little Pillars, and under each Pillar they put
‘ a Pan full of Water, which muft be always kept
‘ full, and the Trunk or Cupboard muft not touch the

41 Wall, or elfe the Ants will fpoil all that is in them. They
put alfo the fame Pans fullofWater under the Bedfteds
‘and Tables, tofecurethemfelvesagainft them. Thofe
‘ that keep Birds, are alfo obliged to perch them upon a
‘ long ftick made on purpofe, with VelTels full of Wa-
‘ ter underneath, or the Birds will be eat up by the
‘ Ants. There is another kind of Infecfs which is red,
‘ and about an Inch long, and creeps upon the Ground,
‘ doing a great deal of mifchief to the Trees and Herbs.
In Java and other Countries of the Indies there grows
a certain Tree called Fattfcl by the Arabians, Pinan by
the Malaians, and Artequeon by the Portuguese. Upon
the Fruit of this Tree they trade mightily in the Indies,
and efpecially in the Countries where it doth not grow.
It is much like the Coco-Tree, but a little thinner, with
• narrower and ftiorter Leaves.
It's Fruit refembles Dates: it is covered firft with
Hulks, till it begins to flower; then it opens, and the
Hulks fall, while the Fruit hangs upon the Boughs,
fomeof which are bigger, fomeleffer.
They have no particular tafte, but fill your Mouth
with moifture, rendering it red as Blood, and the
Teeth black. The Indians file their Teeth, and rub
them with a certain Herb, which makes them as white
as Ivory. The Natives of Java and other Indians,
eat that Fruit like the leaves of Betel, mixing it with
a fort of Lime made of Oyfter-lhells burnt, but in fo
fmall a quantity, that they can get no harm by it.
Betel groweth like Pepper, Peafe, or Hops, running
to the tops of Trees of Reeds, the Stalk is thin and
eafie to break : The Leaves much like thofe of Ci¬
tron Trees, but longer and fharper at the end, with
Threads or Filaments. The ripeft are counted the
beft, though fome Women don’t love them fo ripe,
becaufe they eat more crifp.
You feldom fee any Natiff of Java or an Indian, but
be is chawing Betel and Arecca, mixt together with
Lime. They cannot forbear it, even when they fpeak
to the King, or to any Noble-Men. The firft and
greateft Regale to all Vifiters is the Betel Kings,
lords, and rich Men, when they go abroad, or ftay
 7he firft Voyage of the Dutch
at home* fitting or (landing, have always a Servant,
who carries a little filver Kettle full of Betel, with all
its Neceflaries, vi%. fevcral Arenas, and little Tongs
to break them when they are hard, and a little Box
full of Lime.
When an Embaflador goes to the King’s Audience,
he finds him always upon his Bed, or fitting upon the
Ground upon a Carpet, with an Officer by him, who
holds in a Kettle fome Betel, which the King chaws
continually, and fpirs out into a filver Bafon, which
another Officer holds by him: and it is a great ho¬
nour when he invites the Embaflador to chaw fomfe
Betel with him.
In (hort, the Indians are fo much ufed to it, that
they would think it impoflible to live without Betel;
for they not only chaw it in the Day-time, but alfo
in the Night when they are awake. They fay it
ftrengthens the Stomach, hardens the Gums, and flops
Vomiting, a Diftemper very common in that Country,
if not prevented by Betel.
They alfo allure you, it is very good againft a (link¬
ing Breath, and the Scurvy, and indeed you fee very
few Indians lick of thatDifeafe ; nay, the oldeft Peo¬
ple will tell you, they never had either the Tooth-ake
or rotten Teeth.
Women never go to Bed with their Husbands with¬
out chawing Betel, thinking it is very good for the
(port.
It is fold in every corner of the Streets, and in all
the Shops, even in the travelling Roads ready pre¬
pared, that is to fay, with Arena and Lime; fome
add for thofe that love it Cate , i. e. a kind of lit¬
tle Cake or Fritter, made of a certain Wood or Tree.
They take firft a piece of Arecca, and of Cate, which
they chaw a little, then they take a little leaf of Betel,
(lipping it off its firings with the nail of the Thumb,
which they let grow not round, as in Europe, but to
a (harp point for this purpofe: after that they powder
rhefe Filaments with Lime, and then roll it together,
and chaw it. The Spittle that they void, is like black
Blood, which comes from the Arecca, but they fwal-
low the moifture that comes from the reft.
The Portuguese Women are fo ufed to it now, that
they are as greedy of Betel, as the Indian Wo*
 to the Eaft-Indies. aop
men. There is a great plenty of it in an Ifland be¬
hind the Streight of Stinda, called Pulo Seveffi, where
it grows naturally, without being planted. The In¬
habitants of Java fail thither, arid lade their Pirogues
with it. However being wet, they cannot take it,
or clean it without great trouble ; for it is twilled with
Nettles, and when you have taken out the Nettles,
you muft be three or four days to make it fit to be
tranfported.
The Arecca, befides the qualities above mentioned,
makes one drunk, when you have chaw’d a certain
quantity of it; for then you areas fudled, as if you
had drunk Wine all day long. But you are Well again
in a little time.
The Ifland of Java produceth alfo a fort of excel¬
lent fruit called Mango. It groweth upon Trees
much like Walnut-Trees, with many Boughs, but a
few Leaves. It is about the bignefs of a Goofe-Egg,
.long, and of a green yellow colour, fome times reddilh.
It has within it abigftone, with a pretty long ker¬
nel, which is bitter when you tafteir raw ; but when
roafted upon Coals, has the tafteof an AcOrn roafted.
It is extraordinary good againft Worms, and the Bloo¬
dy Flux. Mango is ripe in October, November, and
December, and is very plentiful. When it is ripe and
full grown, it is better than the belt Peaches.
They pickle them when they are green, with Gar-
lick and green Ginger, arid eat them as we do Olives.
So prepar'd, they tafte rather lharp than bitter, and
they call them M mgas d’ Achar. There is another
fort of M ingas, Which the Portuguese call Mangas Bra¬
ves. It is a (harp poyfon, with which they'pdyfon one
another; for if you do buttaft it you die prefently,
and there is no remedy yet found againft it. That
fatal fruit is of a lively green colour, arid full of white
juice. The ftone is cover d with a hard Peel, and it
is about the bignefs of a Quince.
Amines are a fine Fruit, and indeed the belt in the
Indies. They grow near the ground, upon a (harp
well-fpread Plant, much like the Sempervive in Spain l
they are green at firft, then while they are ripening
they grow yellow Or Gold colour, arid reddilh. They
open' like a Pine-Apple, and_ for that reafori, the Spa¬
niards called them Piuat in Mraiil; but they arc
ty 1 * -va
aio The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
and eafie to cut. They are yellow on the infide, and
of an agreeable fmell; if you dip them in Wine they
taft like Peaches; but you muft not eat many of them,
for being very cool, they- are Aguifh. The juice is
fo (harp, that if you leave the Knife that cut it only
one Night without wiping it, it is all over rufty the
next day.
A little bunch of leaves grows about the Fruit,
which being planted grows again, and brings forth
Fruit, though you keep it a fortnight dry. The
CanarinscaWv: Ananafa ; the Brazilians, from whence
it came firft, Nana, and in Hifpaniola, and the other
parts of America, it is called Jajama.
It is as big as a Citron, or a little Melon, and has
a fine colour, and go.od tafte, afar off it looks like an
Artichoak, but its leaves don’t prick. The Plant that
produceth it is about the bignefs of a Spanifh Car-
Anus, and hath much fuch another Root. Each Plant
brings forth but one fruit that grows in the middle of
the Stalk, and a few fmall ones upon the fides, which
come fometimcsto be ripe.
It is of an eafie Digeftion, but when you eat too
many, it heats the Blood, and caufes a great pain in
the Gums. It ripens in Lent-time: its Juice rafts like
fweet Wine, which makes it fo pleafant to eat, and
really it is the beft and the moft delicate fruic in the
World.
Samaca is another fort of Fruit which groweth in
Java. It has the bignefs of a Lemon, with a reddift
green, being full of Juice, and of a (harpifli tafte;
within it has a little black ftone, its Leaves are like
thofe of a Lemon-Tree, but a little rounder. They
preferve them with Sugar,.and make ufe of them as
Tamarins againft Inflammations, and burning Fevers.
You find alfo in Java plenty of Tamarins, or T.f-
marimbas, a fruit which groweth upon high and large
Trees, the Leaves of which are like Burnet Leaves,
only they are longer. The Flowers are at firft red,
like thofe of Peach and Almond-Trees, but afterwards
they grow white, and have long Fibres, out of which
the fruit is formed.
. When the Sun fets, the Leaves gather round the
Fruit to preferve it from the Cold, and as foon as it
rifes in the Morning, they open again. The Fruit is
green
 to the Eafi-Indies. %i i
green at firft, but when it is ripe and dry, it is Alh-
coloured and Reddifli. • ’Tis cover’d with green husks
about an Inch long, of a tawny brown colour. The
tafte of the Fruit is lharp , and much like that of
dry’d Plums. In every husk there are four or five
Beans of a brown coluur, which on the out fide are
covered with what they call Tamarinbo, a fort of clam¬
my fubftance, flicking to ones Fingers, with Which
the Indians feafon their ftewed Meat. It is really an
excellent Sawce, and ferves them as Verjuice in ma¬
ny parts of Europe, for it has a Iharpilh and pleafant
tafte.
Tamarins grow in barren ground, Phyficians make
ufe of them againft continual Fevers, Coftivenefs, and
the heat of the Liver and Reins. Infufe but a little
at Night in Water, drink it the next Morning, it will
certainly loofen your Body very gently. They pickle
them with Salt, or preferve them with Sugar to fend
them to Europe.
There is a world of Tamarins in the Southerly part
of Madagafiar, where they grow very fine and large,
being the ordinary food of the Natives. The name
Tamarins comes from Arabia, where they call the
Dates Tamar, therefore they call them Tamarindi, that
is to fay, Indian Dates ; buc the Inhabitants of Java.
call them Sunda A/fa ; thofe of Madagafcar Quilli; of
Malabar, Paly, and the other Indians, Ambily.
The Trees are much like Chefnut or Walnut Trees,
full of Leaves, and of a ftrong compad Wood. The
Fruit hangs like (heath's of Knives, only they are bent
like Bows.
When you tranfport Tamarins, you mull take them
out of the husks, and make balls of them as big as
your Fift. They are mighty cheap in the Indies, for
there is great plenty of them.
We faid before, that the Pepper Plant which grows
in Java, runs upon great Reeds called by the Inhabi¬
tants Manbus, the inlide of which is full or a Subfta'nce
called Tabaxir : However the Dutch having cut fome
of them, found nothing in thefe Reeds. The reafori
why the Manbus of Java have no Tabaxir, is yet
unknown, perhaps it hath not been well exami¬
ned,-

:p 2
%iz Thefirft Voyage of the Dutch
However it is certain, that abundance of thofe Reeds
grow along the Coaft of Malabar, efpecially in Coroman¬
del, Bifnagar, and Malacca, which produceth a fub-
ftance called by the Indians, Sacar Mambur, Sugar of
Mambur; which is much valued by the Arabians, Per-
fians, and Moors, who call it Tabaxir, that is to fay,
white Juice, for it refembles curdled Milk.
The Reeds or Trees which produce Tabaxir, are
as high as Poplar-Trees; their Bows grow ftrait up
to the top ; the Leaves are a little longer than 0-
live Leaves ; the Trunk as big as a Man’s Thigh,
and commonly as high as the higheft Houfes in the
Cities. The Joynrs or Knots of the Trunk, are a
Span and a haif diftant one from another, and be¬
tween the Joynts groweth that admirable white fub-
ftancc called Tabaxir. It hath a Phylical virtue again!!
fo many Diftempers, that is fold for its weight in Sil¬
ver in Arabia and Pcrfia.
The Indians make ufe of it againft Claps, Cancers,
and other Venereal Diftempers, as well as burning
Feavers Cholicks, and Bloody Fluxes. They make
alio their little Boats of the body of a Tree, which
holds but two People : they leave a knot at each end,
and excavate the reft. Men who row the Boat are all
naked, one at each end with a pair of little Oars,
and row extreamly fait eyen againft the Currents.
They are. fo Superftitious as to believe, that thofe Boats
are never atrackr by the Crocodiles.
The Fruit called by the Maldians Duriaon, and which,
as they think, groweth only in Malacca, and there¬
abouts, grows likewile in Java, The Tree which pro¬
duceth it is called Batan, being as high as the higheft
Apple-Tree, its Wood hard and compad, and the
B.-.rkgrayr it has a great many Boughs, and bears a-
bundance of Fruit: The 'Flowers called Bua.c, - are ef
a yellowdh white colour, the Leaves being a Span
and a half long, and two or three Inches thick, are
ragged about, of a pale green on the out fide, and live¬
ly green on the in fide.
The Fruit is as bigas a Melon, being cover’d with
a hard Peel, and guarded with finall lharp points: Its
out-lide is green, and ftreaked as feveral Melons arc,
The infide hath four Cavitirs, with four or five (hell
like little Boxes in each of them : and each or theft
(hell!
 to the Eaft-Tndies.
fliells contains a Fruit as white as Milk, as big as an
Egg, and better rafted than the Spani/h Man jar Blanco,
only ’tis not To foft nor fo moift.
The yellow or white ones are not good , being
fpoiled by the Air, and the Rain. They don’t kepp,
and you muff eat them when the pee! begins to open.
Each Fruit hath a ftone as big as a Peach ftone, but
not good to eat. If you are not ufed to it, you will
not like it, for it fmells as ftrong as Onions, but it
tails fo well, that it is counted one of the belt, and
the wholfomeft Fruits in the Indies.
The Antipathy between Duriaon and Betel is extras
ordinary, and remarkable. If you put bur one Leaf
of Betel among a Load of Duriaon, it will certainly
fpoil it, and roc it all prefently ; and if you have eat
too much of that Fruir, and are Sick of it, put only
a Leaf of Betel upon your Stomach, and you will be
immediately cured.
• The Tree called Lantor groweth alfo in Java in
great quantities; it is of the fame nature as the Coco-
Tree. It’s Leaves are five or fix Foot high, and fo
fmooth, that you may write upon them with a Pen¬
cil or a Pin. The Inhabitants make ufe of them as
I We do of Paper. They have befides that, another fore
of Paper made of the Bark of Trees, but they ufe
that only to wrap up Packs.
Cubebc groweth only in Java, upon the Coaft of
Simla. They call ic Cucuonbi, and Cumoe. The other
Indians call it Cuba Chini, ■ becaufe the China-Mer¬
chants tranfported it to other Countries, before the Por¬
tuguese came into the Indies.
This Fruit groweth only in barren places. The Plant
twines and runs up upon high Trees like Pepper: the
Fruit grows in bunches like Grapes, with a Stalk to
each of’em. The Inhabitants of Java value it very
much, becaufe it groweth no where elfe But there
is fo great plenty of it, that it cofts little or nothing.
It is very good againft Rheums and Cold of the Sto-
mack , and for clearing the Bread of Phlegm. The
Moors mix it with Wine, and fayic provokes to I.uft.
It hath likewife other qualities, which we pafs by for
brevities lake.
Mangoflans are alfo an excellent Fruit; they relemple
the Slows that grow here upon Hedges, and have a
Very pleafant tafte; P 3
zi4 The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
The Herb called TalaJJe in Java, and Lalade in the
Malaian, never brings forth any Flowers or Fruit. The
Inhabitants make ufe of it in their Sawces, and fome-
times eat it raw, thinking it hath the fame virtue as
Cubcbe, to provoke to Lafcivioufnefs.
Jaca is a Fruit which groweth not only in Jim a,
but alfo in feveral places of the Indie:, being as long
and as big as the largeft Pumpkins. Its out-fide is
green and hard, with little points like a Pine-Apple.
The infide is of a Gold colour, and full of Kernels,
which when roafted, are very good againft Loof-
neffes. It grows upon high Trees, not out of the
Boughs, like other Fruits, but out of the Trunk dofe
to the Ground.
When it is ripe, it fmells mod delicately, and grows
black, with a very hard Rind. The little skin which
is about the Kernel, tails fometimes like a Melon,
fometimes like a Peach , at other times like Honey,
and oftentimes like a Citron. That Fruit is long, and
full of Juice, and of fo hard a Digeftion, that many
times ’tis voided whole as ’twas eat. The Kernels
are bigger than the Kernels of Dates, and white in
the infide ; they tafte (harp, and of the Soil, but are
windy : But if you boil or road them, they are of
an excellent tafte, and provoke to Voluptuoufnefs, which
is the only ufe they make of it.
In the Ifland of Baly, which we will defcribe here¬
after, you find a Fruit of . the bignefs of a Pear, round
at' the bottom , and lharp at the top , and cover’d
with a rough Skin; for which reafon the Dutch cal¬
led it Porcupine; it is binding, and white on the in¬
fide, and groweth upon high Treesas thick as Grapes;
they pickle them, and preferve them, to tranfport them
abroad.
You find in the Ifland of Santa Maria, a Fruit called
Valmits, which groweth upon high Trees without any
Boughs. ’Tis of a Gold colour on the outfide, much
like Ananas, and has Kernels like Pomgranates,
which are very fweet on the infide, but hard on the
outfide. Here we likewife meet with Mirabolans,
called by the Indians Cbretean, and by Phyficians and
Apothecaries Chebali. They are of a red brown co¬
lour,, and have a pretty big Kernel. When you eat
them, they burn the Mouth like Pepper.
There
 to the Eaft-Indies. 215
There is in the Indies, and particularly in Cambaye,
Balagattc, Malabar, and Bengalc, five forts of Mira-
bolans, the bulk of the Trees is like Plum-Trees, but
the Leaves have no fuch refemblance. The Fruit in
general is as big as a Plum, but fome are not round,
but corner’d. When it is ripe it rafts like unripe Plums.
They make no ufe of them but in Phyfick.
In the fame Ifland of Santa Maria you find a
round Fruitlike a Melon,which groweth upon Trees. It
hath a Shell as hard as Wood, full of fmall, flat, and
clammy Beans, which are very loofening. This place af¬
fords likewife a fort of Afli-colour’d, and very clam¬
my Pears, and another Fruit like Apples, which groweth
in barren Ground, being of a Gold colour oh the out
fide, but full of {tones like Medlars on the infide.
At the Mouth of the Streight upon the Coafts of
Sumatra, and of Pulo Carcatra, you find Cajfia, which
alfo groweth in an untilled ground, but fo plentifully,
that you may lade many Ships with it. It groweth
upon very high and large Trees, and at firft looks like
green Cherries, or afliimes an Afh-colour, but after¬
wards it becomes of a red brown, as you fee it when
it is tranfported to Europe. The Trees which produce
Cajfia, are like great Walnut-Trees in every thing,
excepting the Flowers, which are of a Golden
yellow colour, and fmell fi.nely. Thefe Flowers fpring
from the long and big flicks or husks which contain the
Cajfui.
Wild Cinnamon, which the Portuguese call Canola
di Mato, and the Maldians Cajamanis, groweth alfo in
Java, upon theCoaftof Sunda. It is not fo good by
half as fine Cinnamon, and ’tis forbidden to import it
to Portugal. Notwithftanding that, the Portuguese lent
Ships laden with wild Cinnamon, tinder the name of
Cinnamon of Ceylon. The Government winks at it,
becaufe the King hath the fame Cuftom pay’d as for
fine Cinnamon.
Wild Cinnamon tafts of nothing but the Wood, the
Bark is thick and courfe, and hath no ftrength. Some
grows in the Ifland of Malabar , upon lefler Trees
than thofe of Ceylon.
Another Fruit whiph groweth in Java, is called Car-
capuli, being of a lharpilh tafte, and as big as a Cherry,
with a few finall ftones within it. Some are white,
P 4 fome
zi6 The Firfl Vwage of the Dutch
fome a deep red, others of a fine lively red, but all
are very good. The Trees are much like Cherry-
Trees.
You find in the Ifland of Sunda, a Plant called by
the Phyficians, Coftus Indicia ; by the Malaiaus, Pucbo;
and by the Arabians Cofl, or Caft. Its branches refem-
ble thofe of rhe Elder Tree , and bring foith white
Flowers, which have a ftrongfmell. The true Coftus
confifts only of the Wood and the Root. There is a
great trade for them in Pci ft i, Parky, Arabia, Malac¬
ca, and fevcral other places. The itifide is white, and
the outfide gray.
Calamus Anmaticus, groweth alfo in Sunda, and in
the Neighbouring Iflands. It is properly the Stalk or
the Reed which the Herb produceth. Its infide con¬
tains a fpungy and yellowilh fubftance, which is good
to ftrengthen the Sinews, and difpels Women’s Vapours.
They give it alfo to Horfcs in cold Weather, mixing
it with Garlick, Salt, Sugar, and Butter; as being a
Remedy againft many Diftempers. The Stalk is thin,
and full of knots. It fplits in pieces when you break
it, and yields a rough , binding , and fharp bitter
fade.
Qrumber called Canjor in Java, groweth alfo in
Sunda. It is I ke Ginger, only its Leaves are longer
and larger. IVy make a Confic of it when it is dry,
and it hath more Virtue than Ginger.
Galanga, which the Arabians call Calvegian, is of
two kinds. One fmall, of a good fmell, and tranf-
ported from China to the Indies, and from thence into
fevcral places. The other fort is bigger, and groweth
in Java, where they call it Lanquas. But it hath not
fo fweet a fmell as that of China. It groweth a fpan
or tw: above-Ground upon a little Plant, and that na¬
turally without Sowing or Tilling the Ground. The
Leaves are like the points of a Spear, and the Flowers
are whire. Sometimes the Indians Plant fome of them
in their Gardens for Curiofities fake. They make a
Sallade of it. and then make ufe of it againft many
Diftempers. The Root is long , big, and full of
knots, as well as the Reed. It is red both within and
without. It fmells fvveet, and has a (harp tafte like
Ginger.

Fagan
 to the Eaft-Indies. H7
Varna, a Fruit which growcth in Java, is as big as
Calebs, or long Pepper. It has a tender Skin, cover’d
with a black thin Shell, and contains only a fmall
Grain or Kernel, which is good againftRhumes, Weak-
nefs of the Stomack, Loofnelfcs.
The Dutch brought the Gum called 7,tcamahaca,
from the Bay of Anton Gil, where it is found upon a
great Tree, which hath very long and narrow Leaves.
The Fruit is no bigger chan a Plum. 'Tis an excellent
and precious Gum.
Among other Merchandife that are fold in Bantam,
you find Latjue or Lack, fo called by the Moors, and
Heck at Pegu, where there is a great fale of it. It is
made after this manner. You fee in Pegu, andinfeve-
ral other places, where the Lajue is found, great fly¬
ing Ants, which fly upon the Gummy Trees to fuck the
Gum, and after they have fuckr it, they call out the
Lajue upon the Branches of the Trees, as the Bees do
the Wax and Honey. When the Boughs are cover’d
with that Matter, the Owners of the Trees cut them,
and dry them; and after the drying, beingdryed, you
take out the Latjue, caked in the form of a Reed.
It is of a red brown colour, but the Indians make
a powder of it, and mix with it what colours they fan¬
cy, or make little flicks of it, which are fold in Eu¬
rope, under the name of Spanifb Wax, to feal Letters
with, They alfo make of it feveral other very curi¬
ous and well wrought Manufactures.
The Water Melons that- grow at Java, are of an
extraordinary good tafte. Their outlide is of a green
brown colour, but their infide is white, they are as
long as our Pumpkins. The Indians regale one ano¬
ther with them in Company, as we do with Fruit in
Europe.
Benjamin groweth alfo in Java, it is like Frankin-
cenfeor Myrrh, but more precious; for they ufe it in
Medicines, and in Perfumes, and Paftils, which can
never be good without it. It groweth upon high and
thick Trees. The Leaves are like thole of Lemon-
Trees, out of which runs a fort of Gum called Benja¬
min. The youngeft Trees produce the belt, which
i? blackilh, and of a fine ftrong fmell. For the white
Benjamin, which comes out of the old Trees, is not
near fo good as the black. But they mix ’em toge-
218 The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
■ ther to put all off. The Moors call it Lovan Javis, that
is to fay, Frankincenfe of Java. They make little In-
cifions in the Tree and its Sprigs, to draw out more
of the Gum; for it is counted and valued the moft pre¬
cious Merchandife in the Eaft, no Drug, nor any thing
in the World, having fo fine and fo comfortable a
fmellas Benjamin.
They trade very much in Camphire at Bantam. They
call it Cafar, or Campbore. There is two forts of it;
the firft came from the Ifiand of Borneo, and is count¬
ed the bell; the fecond fort comes from Chincbeo in
China, but not to be compared with the other. The
Trees which produce Camphire, are as big as Wal¬
nut-Trees: The Gum grows intheinfideof the Trunk,
and comes out of it like Sweat by drops, no bigger
than a Barley Corn.
The Camphire of China comes forth in lumps, and
is cheap enough; But one pound weight of that of
Borneo, is as dear as a hundred pounds of China Cam¬
phire. But the Indians who know how to mix them,
adulterate the beft, as they do all other Merchandife,
being as dexterous at that Work, as any People in the
World ; fo that one mud be very cunning, and have
a great deal of experience not to be deceived.
You find in the Woods of Java, red Sanders Wood;
but the yellow and the white, which are much bet¬
ter, come from the Iflands of Timor and Solar, (Imp.-
ted to the Eaft of Java. Sanders Trees are like Wal¬
nut-Trees. They bring forth a fruit refembling Cher¬
ries, which is green at firft, but black afterwards,
without any planner of tafte.
The Indians ufe a great deal of Sanders Wood : they
bruife it and beat it with Water till it comes to Pap,
and then anoint their Body with it. which coolls and
perfumes it all over. The red Sander's Wood is of no
ufe in the Indies, fo they only tranfport it to other
Countries. It is alfo Phyfical, but not near fo good
as the white.
Ginger groweth plentifully in Java, however they
dry none there, but preferveitin Sugar, or ufe it a;
Pot-Herbs in their Broth. There is a great quantity
of it in the Bay of Anton Gil, where 'tis called Si-
qnaviro.

The
 to the Eaft-Indies.
The little Stalk or Trunk of this Plant rifes above
the Ground.like the little Reeds we fee in Holland,
and is not above two or three Spans high. The Root
is properly the green Ginger the Indians eat in Sal-
lets. They aifo pickle them with Salt and Vinegar.
The name Ginger comes from the Arabians, who
call the Root Gingimbil, as well as the Turks and
Perfmns.
The Fruit called Anacordium, or Heart-Fruit, be-
caufe when his dry, it hath the figure of a Mans Heatr,
| groweth in Sunda, and in feveral other places. It is
I of a red colour. The Portuguese call it Fava de
! Malacca, becaufe it refembles a Bean, though ’tis a little
bigger than Dutch Beans. The Indians eat it with
Milk, as a Remedy againft a fhort Breath and Worms.
They Pickle it like Olives, and eat it in Sailers. The
Watter within is as thick as Honey,and red like Riood.
The Root called by the Portuguese Pan de Coebra,
and by the Flemings Wood of Serpents, groweth alfo
in Sunda, it is of a yellowifh white colour, and ot a
hard and bitter Subftance. The Italians bear it with
Wine and Water, and fo prepared, make ufe of it a-
gainft burning Feavers, the bites of Serpents, and other
Venoms.
It was fouud out at firft by the means of a little A-
nimal called Qttil, or Quirpel, which is of the fame fi¬
gure and bignefs of a Ferret, and of which the Indi¬
ans keep a great many in their Houfes to catch Rats
and Mice. Thefe Quits being naturally Enemies to Ser¬
pents, fight them asfoon as they fee them ; and when
the Serpents bite them, they run to eat of that Root
which cures them immediately. Since that time the
Indians ufe Pao Coebra againft the bites of Serpents.
The Wood Aloes, called Calamba in the Indies, and
Pao d' Arguilla in Portugal, groweth chiefly in Sitma~
tra, Malacca, Cambaye, Siaon, and other neighbouring
Countries. The Trees are like Olive-Trees, but a
little bigger. When you cut it, the Wood doth not
fmell fo well at firft, and when it is green; but as it
dries, it fmells better and better. The Heart of the
Tree and the Wood which is about it has a better fmell
than the outfide.
You may know the goodnefs of it by the Weight,
by its little black Veins, and by a fat humour which
comes
 ThefirJlFoyage of the Dutch
comes out of it, when you fplit it in four pieces. They
make ufe of it in feveral imporrant Cafes , which
makes it valuable, and particularly for its fine fmell.
If you rake it in Powder with Wine, or any other
Liquor, it will make your Breath fweec. It is an ad¬
mirable remedy againft a Weak and Phlegmatick Sto-
mack, and againft Pleurifies and Bloody Fluxes.
There is in Java another fort of Wood called A-
guilla Brava by the Portuguese, but it has not the fame
virtue as Aloes. The Indians ufe it to burn the Bra-
mcnes, and great Lords when they are dead. It is as
great an honour in the Indies to be burnt upon a Fune¬
ral Pile of that Wood, as in Europe to have a fumptuous
'Monument of Marble.
In fine, you find in Sunda and in Bantam, the fol¬
lowing Drugs to be fold. I fubjoyn only a bare Ca¬
talogue of them for brevity fake.
Podi is a fort of Meal or Flower, which is very good
againft theCold and the Wind.
Caxumba or Flors, is a Root with which the Indi¬
ans feafon their Meat, they ufe it alfo to die Cal-
licoes.
Cajapi is a Wood which burns the Mouth like Pep¬
per ; they beat it very fmall, and rub their Bodies all
over with it, not only for the good fmell, but‘alfo be-
caufe it is very wholefome; for the Indians love Per¬
fumes above all Nations in the World.
Cantior is a Fruit of the fame nature as Potatoes
and Trufies, or Sow-Bread: there is plenty of this in
Guinea.
Semparantam is a Root which groweth in Sunda,
and is very bitter, but is polfelTed of great Vertues.
Pantion comes from Malacca, and groweth in. Coro¬
mandel. It is very good againft FeaveTs and is very
dear.
Garo Gamber, is a Fruit much like Olives, and green
Arecea. It grows in Cambaya, Coromandel, and Sunda,
and is a fovereign Remedy for the Tooth-Ach.
Ganti is a Root like Ginger, and for that reafon the
Javarians call it by the fame name. It comes from
China to Bantam, and is fold very dear. The Indi¬
ans rub their Bodies with it.
Sabani is properly a Muftard-Seed, there is plenty of
. it in Sunda.
Dorinf
 to the Eaft-Indies. zzi
Dtringi groweth in the fame placce: they give ic to
New-born Children.
Gakm is a Root which groweth in the Water, and
is very cooling.
Tianco is a Fruit which the Indians beat fmall, and
take in any Liquor when they are Sick.
Median, Maju, and Carajfani, are tranfported from
Acbem to Bantam ; the Indians take of thefe to make
themfelves drunk.
Spodian is the Alhes of a certain Tree which grow¬
eth in Sun da, they ufe it to rub themfelves with it.
The bell Cummin groweth in Perfia, and is called
there Cbirman; it comes from 0rmus to Acbem, and
from Acbem to Bantam. It is very good when mixe
with Madian, Maju, and Dauntico, as a Remedy a-
gainft Apoplexies, and againft Rheumatifms, which is
a very common Difeafe in the Indies, and which cau-
fes great Pains, becaufe they go all naked.
. Sari is certain flower of Meal, with which the In¬
dians rub themfelves, and which cures them of the
injuries accruing from their ftormy Weather.
Tagari, Saraban, and Sedowaja, are Roots for the
fame ufe.
Sambaia, called Geiduar in China where it groweth,
is a Fruit about the bignefs of an Acorn. It is fcarce
and dear. They ufe it againft feveral Difeafes, efpe-
cially againft the venemous Bites, and other Poy-
fons.
Jalava is a Fruit of a Tree as big as Sambaia, and
very PhyTical.
Paravas is a Herb very cooling, fcarce and dear.
Tomonpucc is another Root like Galigan or Curcoma,
only iris white; they rub their Bodies with ir, and
find it cooling; wholefom, and very good againft the
the heat of the Liver.
You find alfo in Sun da, a Plant whofe Leaves are
like the Leaves of the Tree which produceth Tama-
rins, and which are bitter. Its Frtfit refembles Frcncb-
Beans,and is very wholefome.
A fort of little Beans called Conduri in the Malaian,
and Saga in Java, groweth in Sunda, Madagafcar and
China. They are (mail, and of a fine red colour. They
are the common Weights 'for weighing Gold and Sil¬
ver, And they make no other ufe of them, becaufe
they
 The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
they are very bitter, and fome think they are Poyfo'1
nous.
In the Streight of Stmda, in the Ifle of Pi do Cer-
cata, there groweth a fort of Nuts like Gall-Nuts.
They tafte at firft like fm.ill Nuts, but afterwards
you faint away, and are ready to Expire. The Dutch
took it for the Nux Indica of the Apothecaries, and af¬
ter fome Experience, they found it was the fame.
But if thofe that eat of it had not taken fome Re¬
medy to prevent the ill effe&s of this Nut, they would
certainly havedy’d.
The Dutch found in Mayo, one of the green Iflands,
great quantities of Trees like Sycomore Trees, the
Leaves of which were not fo large as the Leaves of
Fig-Trees. The Fruit refembled a Fig, but was yel¬
low and fmall, without Seeds or Kernels within ’em,
The Body of the Tree, the Boughs, the Bark, and the
Milk which lies within, were like thofe of Fig-Trees.
The Fruit never comes to Maturity, but the Trees are
full of them all the year long. They don’c multiply
by any Seed that is in their Fruit, but by Sprigs which
fprout from the Root, or by Grafting them, as they do
Mulberry-Trees.
The Country which lies near the Cape of Good
Hops, at the Bay of A^uada San Bras, produceth A*a-
har, in fo great quantities, that the Fields are co¬
ver’d with it. It is a Plant as high as a Man ; and
you would really think a far off, that the Fields are
full of Men. They make the Aloe of that Herb in
the Ifland of Sacotara. That Gum is reckon’d good
when it is fat, clean, without Sand or little Stones, of
a red clear, and fhining colour, or of a deep yel¬
low colour ; and within folid and compatft, eafie to
melt, and of a bitter tafte.
After fo long a Digreflion, which we thought necef-
£ary, we muft now refume the Journal of our Voy-i
age. The Dutch feeing that the Slaughter made on I
both fides, had ftopt the Trade with the Inhabitants of I
Tub an. Si day o, and other Neighbouring places in the
Ifland of Java, and that they were out of hopes of
revenging themfelves of the Indians, fince they had loft
fo many Men, weighed Anchor and failed in the Night,
the Wind blowing from the Land. They went to the
Ifland of Madura, and call: Anchor in the Road, which
 to the Eafl-Indies.
lies to the Southerly Coaft of the Ifland. The ca-
f iral City named Arojfobaia, where the Sheriff, orHigh
rieft refides, lies alfo on that fide.
Decemb. 6th, r 596. having call Anchor at feven Fa¬
thom Water, on a clay Bottom, they had hardly
done working the Ship, when they faw two Pirogues
coming on board, but their Crew durft not venture to
come on board the Ships: However they made very
obliging offers from their Sovereign , and told tha
Dutch, that if they would tarry fome while in their
Road, they would bring them Refrefhments, and trade
fairly with them.
But thjy were very well informed of what had paf-
fed before Sidayo, for thefe JJlanders have Pirogues at
Sea, continually going and coming to bring news of
what happens.
The next day a Pirogue with 28 Men came again
on board the Holland; they cold the Dutch they had
Spices to fell, which they , had fav’d out of a Ship that
had Shipwrack’d there a year agoe : But it was falfe,
for the Dutch having queftioned others of their Crew
about it, they faid they knew nothing of ic. Howe¬
ver the Dutch fent two Looking-Glaffes to the Sove¬
reign of the place.
‘ Madura is a little Ifland which runs out length-
‘ wife, and lies almoft oppofite to the North-Eaft point
‘of the Great Java, being feparared from it by a
‘narrow Channel. It is very fruitful in Rice, andfur-
‘nilhes all the Neighbouring places with it. The
• Ground is fo fat, that it is not fatter in Holland, but
‘fo often drown’d with Water, that the Labourers
‘ and Buffs who Plough it, are in the Water up to the
‘ Knees, even in Harveft time.
‘ The great Ships cannot approach the Ifland, be-
‘ caufe of the flats which are about ic. The Inhabi-
‘ rants refemble thofe of Java in every thing. They,
‘live upon nothing but Piracy, which they exercife'
1 with fmall Veffels, without any oppoficion from their
| ‘ Neighbours, for they dare not trouble them, becaufe
i‘ Madura is their Granary of Rice,
j December the 8tb, the Dutch faw three Pirogues cam-
' ing from the Ifland toward the Ships: In the firft was
the Interpreter of the Sheriff, who asked them whe¬
ther the Sheriff and the King might come on board
the
124 firft Voyage of the Dutch
the Amflerdam ; dnd at the fame time he prefented
fome Goats, Rice, and O'her Provifions to the Dutch.
The Pilot of that Ship who was very ill of the wound
he received in the Fight of Sidaio, came out of the
Poop to go into the Captains Chamber, and would
have cut the Interpreters Throat with a Bagonet, if
they had not hinder’d him, to revenge himfclf of that
treacherous People,
That accident, and other Confederations, obliged
the Dutch to tell the Interpreter, that they would not
have any body come on board the Amflerdam. nor the
Pinnace, becaufe few Men were in them, but <Jn board
the Maurice only. The Interpreter went backbfo bring
that anfwer to his Matters, who in the mean while
were advancing with their Pirogues towards the Ships.
And whether the Interpreter had not made a true Re¬
port, or that they had an ill Defign, they were failing
ftill diredtly towards the Amflerdam. One of the Pi¬
rogues had a Deck with three ranks of Men upon it,
fitting very clofe together.
The Seamen of the Amflerdam frighted to fee fo
many Men, made a dilcharge of three Cannons, and
kill’d thofe that were in the King’s Pirogue, who fell
down dead one upon another. Prefently the four Ship’s
Crew hearing the noife of the Cannons, threw them-
felves in the Sloops and 1'mall Boats, and attack’d the
Pirogues with fuch courage, that they kill’d them all,
except one and twenty who faved themfelves, and a
few more which the Dutch made Prifoners.
They found the King and the Sheriff among the
Dead. The King had on his Girdle a Jewel of Gold,
fet with five precious Stones, which they took, then they
flung him into the Sea with the Sheriff, who had his
two Arms taken oft' by a Cannon lliot.
The Prifoners being carried on board, and drefled,
they examined them one after another fep,irately. Some
of them confeffed, they had a defign to attack the
Ships, if they had found an opportunity. But fuch
confcSTion was fuipedted, as extorted by FearOthers
faid, that the Dutch had no reafon to fufped them,
becaufe if they had had any ill defign, they would not
have Embark’d their Wives and Children in fuch an Ex¬
pedition , which was a ftrong proof of their Iiino*
cency.
 to the E aft-Indies.
After the Examination the Dutch faved them all,
and lec them go, except the Interpreter, who was a
young Man of twenty years of Age. He wasextream-
ly concern’d for all that palled, and wept bitterly, as
well as the King’s Son, who was but fix years old,
and was as handfom as any one can be in that Coun¬
try. This young Infant having obferved that Hootman
had fomc Authority over all the Dutchmen, and . that
the Interpreter call’d him Captain-Major, fell down
at Hootman'i Feet, and beg’d the liberty of the Interpre¬
ter in particular, and of the reft of the Prifoners, but
with fuch Grace, Refpcdt, and Wit, that every body
admired him, and they granted him his Requeft.
The Dutch having given them fome Victuals to eat.
Embarked them in a Pirogue, and lent them away,
keeping only two young Boys for the Service of the
Holland/ One was named Arojjitbaia, and the other
M-tdare, from the names of the Town and Ifland where
they were born. There' was among the Prifoners a
Woman, who lookt to be the Nurfe or Governant of
the King’s Son.
This fad Accident troubled very much the chief
Officers, becaufe the Seamen had adted without Or¬
der. However, they could not blame them altogether,
for if fome I/landeri had alledged pretended Reafons
in their Defence, others bad confelfed they had real¬
ly an ill defign againft the Ship. The Ijlanders had
brought with them their Arms, vi%. Javelins, round
Shields, &c. now what need had they of them, but for
fomc Attempt, in cafe they could find a favourable op¬
portunity to make nfe of them.
Belides that, tnofe Ijlanders were as vigorous and
malicious as the People of Ctdaio: For when they
were wounded in any place, but in the Heart, they
mn through the Swords, Pikes, and Lances, to kill
their Enemies, and die with them. Even thofe who
fell into the Water, defended themfelves with their Dag¬
gers, and would have killed many Dutchmen, if their
Companions had not come to their Affiftance.
This new Accident obliged the Dutch to feek for a-
nother place: Therefore they failed Deccmb. the ytb, and
the nth, caft Anchor under a little Hand called Laboc,
Leboc, or the little Madare, lying in 6 Deg. r o Min.
Latitude, and nor 13 Leagues off Java, being fur-
rounded with two ocher fmalllflands. CL Here
2x6 The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
Here they faw 22 Men walking along the flioar,
and the Commander among them. They had a Stag
along with ’em, which they pretended to fell ; but
no Seamen that day went on fhoar. The King of
Japura who was Matter of that Ifland. had fent there
three years before, that is in the year 1598, about a
hundred Men to inhabit the Country, under the com¬
mand of one of his Noble-Men. Thefe Aden found
the Ground very good, and improved it fo well, that
they had plenty of Rice, Hens, Cattle, Fowls, and
Birds. .At the Southerly point of the Kland there was
a little Church, with Coco-Trees, and there the Inha¬
bitants had their Habitations.
The 1 ith about Noon, they fent a Sloop to the flioar
where the Inhabitants waited for her, and fold ’em,
Hens and Fruit for fome Iron and Lead, which are
Commodities very ufeful to them.
On the itjh they put to fail and flood to the Weft-
ward, in hopes to find in their rout fome convenient
Road for leaving in itone of their Ships, fortheyhad
but few Seamen, and thofe that were left, were not
fufficient to bring the Ships into Holland again, being
but fonrfeore and fourteen Alen in all, reckoning the
Sick, Lame, and Difabled Seamen.
The 2.5th they came again in fight of the Ifland of
Lcboc, which furprifed them extrcamly, for they had
failed eleven Days, fleering always to the Weft. But
the Weft and North-Weft Winds, and the ftrengrh of
the Currents, had forced them back , fo that they
were obliged to Anchor again under the fame Ifland.
The fameday, vi%. 25 Dccmib. 1r,96,John Mullenaar,
Alnfler of the Maurice, dyed fuddenly, and in lefs
than an Hour, of an Oppreifion of the Lungs. The
next day they call’d on board the fame Ship the Sur¬
geons to vific the dead, in the prefence of the whole
Council. They made their report, that the Matter
had been poyioncd, and the fame was the opinion of
all the AAiffants, becanfc his Body was full of blew
Spots, and that his Hair fell off his Head, befidcs that,
the Blood had run abundantly into his Throat, by
the' great quantity of poyfon they had given him.
Such an extraordinary Accident caufed fo great mur¬
muring amongft the Seamen, and fome of the chief
Officers, that thofe who were willing before to fail to
the
 to the Eaft-Indies. . zvj
tlie MoUques,, cryed out with a common Voice,' that ic
was time now to return to Holland.
On the 27th, Hootman, who was fufpedfed of having
poyfoned the Matter, was putin Chains by his own
Ships Crew. That which gave cauie to Inch Sufpici-
on, was, that Hootman and Mullen.iar had continual
Quarrels, for they had fought one againft another, and
frequently threatncd to ftab one another. In fine, Hoot-
man, if we believe the common report among the
Seamen, faid, that he was fore MuUmaar would never
let him alone, and therefore he would poyfon him.
1 Notwirhftanding all thele Reports, true or falfe, Hoot-
inm was declared innocent the ^oth of the fame
I Month, till better Proofs appear’d : But this Declara-
jtion did not takeoff the Sulpicion from the moft part
| of the Seamen, who believed ftill he had poyfon’d Mul-

I The Council having confidered chat the Amfterd.tm

I leaked on every fide, and was very much damnify'd, and
| that they were obliged to Pump her continually,refolved
| to leave her. This Refolution was executed Jan. the
|p?, 1597. Then all the Seamen went about to unlade
| her, and takeoff ail the Rigging, which work laded
||eleven days ; then they burnt the Ship, which indeed
H was a great lot's to the Company.
I While fhe was on fire, the Inhabitants approached
Ijher with their Boars and Pirogues, and haled her upon
ja Rock, to preferve the Iron-Work. Several of ’em
iltame on board the three Ships, and brought Refrefh-
jjmenrs to exchange for the Iron-Work of the burnt
jlShip. Some of them asked the Dutch why they did
burn her, for that they might have fold her to the King
llfor whac they would.
On the 12th the two Boys who had been kept Pri-
jjfoners upon the Coaft of M.tdarc, elcaped out of the
Holland, and fwom into the Bland of Leboc, while
[tlie Seamen were gone to fetch in fome frefh Water.
[The fame day they weighed Anchor, with intention
to go to the Eafteriy end of the Ifland of Java, to get
[nccefTary Provifions for their return to Holland.
jl The 18th in the Morning they faw the burning
[Mountain, which is under the Town of Panarucan.
jjThcy alfo faw another Mountain, called by the Por-
[Mueic, Sierra do Pazode, from a great Parade or Hea-
1 ‘ Q 2 Heathes
4x8 Thejirjl Voyage of the Dutch
Heathen Church built there. At the foot of that Moun¬
tain is a fmall Town called Pacada, alias Sierra Pac-
cadra.
The fame day they got into the Streight of Balam¬
buan, which is not quite half a League broad in the
narrowclt part of it. The Ifland of Bali is fituated
on the Southerly part of the Streight, as Java is on
its Weftern fide,
On the aft they came fonear the City of Balam-
baan, that they could very well fee it. The fame day
two Pirogues catne on board the Maurice; there was
in one of them a Portuguese Fryar’s Slave, who told
the Dutch he had been lately at Balambuan: That
there was a great Famine in that place, caufed by the
long Siege we mentioned before, in the Defcription
of the Ifland of Java ; and that three Portuguese of
Panarucan, who were Gunners in the befieged Town, j
had declared they could defend it no longer. Then the J
Dutch having difeover’d a prodigious quantity of Sails j
in a Gulph along the Coaft of Bali, a Gentleman who
was alio in one of the Pirogues, told them that this
numerous Fleet was going before Balambuan, to force
the Befiegers to raife the Siege; that there were 8000
Men on board, befides many other Troops which wore
embarked in other Ships.
But the Dutch could hardly believe him, they rather
fufpeded, that all the Forces of Java were aflembled
together to attack the three Ships, and flop their Paflage,
Therefore they prepared themielves, and got ail things
ready to fight, in cafe the Indians fhould affrons
them.
The 22d they call Anchor upon the Coaft, about)
League North-Weft and by Weft off Balambuan Here)
Gentleman came on board, and made a Relation ofth
condition of the Siege, and among other Particulars
he faM, that the King's Regent Father was living Hill
and very old, and that he had retired to the middls
of the Ifland. And becaufe this old King fpoke of:
Ship built after the fame manner with the Dutch Ship
which was roving ten years ago about the fame Coaft
they prelumed that this old Prince might be the faffl
whom Sir Thomas Cavendijh mentions in his Journal
to be then above a hundred and fifty years of age.

Durit
 to the Eaft-Indies. ZZ<)
During thefe laft days of their courfe and flay up¬
on thefe Coafts, the Dutch fuffered extreamly by the
Storms of the Sea, and the Violence of the Winds.
They asked the Inhabitants if the Weather was al¬
ways or often fo ftormy as it was then, they told them,
they never faw it fo before, and that certainly the
Dutch had brought the bad Weather with them.
On the iyb they were told, that if they would
fail a little further, they fiiould find a River, and all
manner of Provifions: upon that advice they pur to fail,
but leaft they Ihould be deluded by the Country Peo¬
ple, they fent before, the Pinnace and a Sloop. They
found the River, but fo (hallow, that the Sloop though
empty, could fcarce fail in it.
There was upon the (hoar of that River a Village
of about 60 Houfes, the Inhabitants whereof employ¬
ed themfelves in dying Callicoes of feveral Colours,
and Weaving of fine Works, which they tranfported
to the neighbouring Iflands, and lived by. Thefe Peo¬
ple had .more convenience and neater Cloaths than
any Indians the Dutch had feen before.
They offer’d to trade with the Dutch, and to ufe
them well; but becaufe that place could not afford
Provifions enough to lade their Ships, the Dutch put
to Sea again, and the zjtb they calt Anchor at 25
Fathom Water, upon a black fandy Bottom. Then
they thought they were upon the Coaft of a fmall fc-
parate Ifland, but the next day they knew it was the
1(1 and of Bali.
On the 3 oth a Pirogue come on board with a Gen¬
tleman from the King, who asked from whence rhele
Ships came, and delired to have his anfwer in Wri¬
ting. They told him they came from Holland, and that
they were come to trade fairly and honeftly with the
Inhabitants of the Country.
Feb. 4th 1597. they landed to take in fome fre(h Wa¬
ter, and met with feveral People who fecmed to come
from a Market; for every one brought fome Commo¬
dities or Merchandife with them, and drove a great
many Cattle before them.
Some of them were on Horfe-back, and one was
carryed by four Slaves in a kind of a Litter, with
twenty long Javelins carry’d before him, and adorned
with long, red, and black tufts hanging down. This
Q_ 3 Man
 The Firfl Voyage of the Dutch
Man fo attended fent fome Fruit to the Dutch who
were a (hoar, and defired that two of them would come
along with him ; to which they contented, upon con¬
dition of his leaving two of his Men for Hoflapes.
The •jth. the Dutch failed a little further to the North;,
then they fent back to the (hoar the two Slaves, in order
to have their two Seamen on board again; but when the
Lord of that place had his two Slaves, he would not fend
back the two Dutchmen, under pretence that the Ships
were removed further, and that they were no more
in his Dominion. However, after many Promifes and
Intreaties, he gave leave to one to come onboard the
little Boat.
The Seamen faid, that the Perfon who was carryed
in a Litter the day before, was a Lord of the Coun¬
try, who was difeontented that they had left the place
where the Ships were at Anchor before, and becaufe
of that, he had alfo kept a Portuguese Slave whom
the Dutch Ships had fent him for their Interpreter, and
that he had fent him with the other Dutch Seamen to the .
King, in the Town of Balt.
This Dutch Seaman and the Portuguese Slave, fent
a Letter on board ol the Holland, to let them know
that they had been very kindly received by the King.
Upon this the Dutch to redeem their Man and the
Slave, lent a fine Prefent to the King. viz. 20 Ells of
flower’d Velvet, red Beads, fine Cryftal Glades, Looking-
Glades, and other things. Prefently the Seaman and
the Slave were releafed,and came onboard again. They
faid, that the King oder’d them all that was in his pow¬
er, and had prelented them with four Hogs, and t.wo
VelTels of frelh Water.
The 9tb the A'Durice got into a great Bay called
P.tdau, where the Inhabitants of the Coaft told the
Seamen, that eighteen years fince they had feen in their
Country fome Men like them, who having cut a Rope
in four or five pieces, had joyned them together a-
gain. The Dutch apprehended it might be Sir Francis
Drake, who had been there in that time.
The King came to the (hoar in a Chariot well made,
drawn by two BufBes with fine Harnafs. His Guards
walked before him with long Javelins, and Trunks
with Gilded Darts, He defired the Dutch to falutehim
with all their Artillery, which they-did. The next
day
 to the Eaft-Indies. 231
day hf. fent on board four Veffels full off frefli Wa¬
ter,
The King of Bali is a mighty Prince, and well be-
lov’d and honour’d by his Subject'. His Court and
Retinue is ten times more Noble and Sumptuous
than the Governor’s of Bantam. The Dutch Lyon hear¬
ing that the Ship Maurice was in a good Road, weigh¬
ed Anchor, and failed towards the South to double
the Calm das Porcos, the Cape of Hogs, but they could
not weather it till the 1 zth of the fame Month. Then
they joyned again the two other Ships, cafting Anchor
at 25 Fathom Water in the fame Bay of Pad.ui.
This Bay deferves the name of Bvja P.trmofa, the
handfom Bay, becaufe of the quality and quantity of
Provilions which are found in it. It is fituated in 8
Deg. 33 Min. South Latitude. The Coaft to which
the Holland fleered, is the fineft Country they faw in
their Voyage, and for that reafon they named it Young
, Holland.
The Ifland of Ball lies to the Eaft of Java, and is
not above twelve Get man Leagues in Circumference.
The Northerly Coaft is very Hilly ; towards the South
there is a very high Cape, which reaches a great way
off into the Sea. The North Cape lies in 3 Deg. and
a half South Latitude. The capital City is called Bali,
from the name of the Ifland. ■ The King’s Palace is
nobly Built, and Spacious, and you find many other
fine Buildings in the Ifland.
The Country is full of People who are all black, and
have crifp Hair. The King is abiolutc and levere. They
are Heathens, and worlhip the firft thing they meet in
the Morning. They are Cloathed as the JavansJ'e,
and other IJl.tnd.crs, having no Beard at all; for as
loon as any Hair grows, they pull it out with an In-
ftrument made for that purpofe. They fay the Women
brought up this Cuftom, ' for when they fee a
Man with a Beard, they cry out after him, a He-Goat,
a He-Goat, and fo ridicule him.
They think it is Dog-like to make Water {landing,
therefore Men and Women floop when they make Wa¬
ter. They have many Wives, which makes the Coun¬
try fo populous; for though they fell a great many
Men to be tranfported, yet the Ifland contains al¬
ways fix hundred thoufand People, which is almoft in¬
credible. Q 4 They
 The Firfl Voyage of the Dutch
They employ themfelves in Tilling the Ground, and
Weaving Stuff's or Linnen Cloth. The Ifland hath
plenty of Cotton of their own, befides what is import-:
ed from Sambaia, and other Towns. Here is a great
quantity of Cattel, fuchasOxen, Buffles, Hogs, Goats,
and Horfes, but the laft are not very high nor ftrong.
Of thefe they tranfport none, or very few, which
makes them multiply very much: ‘Tisonly the com¬
mon fort of People make ufeof rhem, to go from one
Village to another, for the Noble-Men are either car¬
ried, or go in Chariots as we faid before.
The Ifland of Bali produceth abundance of Rice,
which is not tranfported abroad; but if any is left, after
the Inhabitants have had their Provifion, it is brought
into the ftrong places built upon thetopof high Moun¬
tains, to be kept for fear of barren Years, or great
Floods, or to remedy the inconveniencies of War.
Here we find alio great numbers of all forts of Fowl,
fuch as Hens, Ducks, Peacocks, Turtle-Doves, lie.
and Fruit, vi%. Coco-Nuts, Oranges, Lemons, and Ci¬
trons, which grow without being planted.
They have another fort of Fruit about the bignefs 1
of a Pear, the Skin of which is very thin, much like
Chefnuts, only it has not lb many points. It is white
within, of a fine.and wholfom {afte, and very good a-
jgainft the Scurvy: You may preferve it with Sugar,
tor Pickle it, and when you take it out of the Pickle,
if you walk it well in Water, it will tafte as well as
•when unpicklcd.
Yon find another Fruit which groweth in the Ground,
as 'big as a Walnut, but a little harder. ’Tis obferv'd
that ihe Ifland of Bali produces no other Spices, but
Ginger; but it yields abundance of Drugs.
The adjacent Sea is full of Fifh ; the Inhabitants
have but a fmall trade by Sea, for they have only a
. few Piro%uei to tranfport Callicoes and other Stuffs to
Java.
This Ifland is a common Roacl, and the place where
rhe Ships which fail to the Maluques, Banda, Ambme,
Macacer, Timor, and Solar, put in to take in Refrelh-
ments, which are there very plentiful and cheap!
The China Merchants come there to trade, and bring
with them Daggers, and other Wares to exchange for
(Callicoes. The fmall Caxas are nor current Money in
‘ • ” Bali,
 to the Eaft-Indies. 2.33
Sali, but only the great ones, 6000 of which are
worth a piece of Eight.
They have the fame Weapons as the Inhabitants of
Java ; you find in Bali feveral Mines or Copper, Gold,
Silver, &c. but the King will not fuffer any one to
dig Gold. The Dutchmen who were lent to the King,
faw in his Palace a great many Veflels of Gold, and
others guilt to drink in, which were finer and more va¬
luable than any they faw before.
The greateft Lords of the Court hold up their Hands*
when they fpeak to the King. He hath under him
a Governor of the whole Illand, and approves all that
he does: there are other Lords under him, tvho have
their Jurifdi&ions, and govern under the King ; but
there's an inviolable Union between the Prince and
the People.
If any of the Noblemen or Governors rebel againft
the King, every body takes up Arms againft him, and
the greateft favour he can expetft, is to be banilhed
out of the Illand, as it happen’d twelve years before.
A Prince of the Royal Blood having confpir’d againft
the Kings Life, engaged many Noblemen to affifthim
in his Defign; but being difeover’d, they were all
condemned to dye. The King moved with Compaf-
fion, banilhed them only to a wild Illand, where they
live now under rhe fame King.
Thefe banilhed People have tilled and improved that
Illand called Pulo they have built Towns in it,
and multiply every day, and have abundance of Cat¬
tle. They are all Heathens, and have that ill Cu-
t Horn, rhat when Husbands are dead, they burn a great
many Women with them, and fuch Women are count¬
ed Vertuous, and great Lovers of their Husbands. They
really believe they are going to live together in ano¬
ther World ; therefore they run to the Pile of Wood,
Dancing to feveral Inftruments of Mufick, and dref-
fed with their fineft Cloaths and Jewels, thinking to
make ufe of them in the other World, where they are
to be tranfported.
The common opinion is, that this Cuftom hath been
formerly introduced by one of their Kings, becaufe
Women who were weary of their Husbands, and lov¬
ed another Man, us’d co poyfon them without any

While
 The Firjl Voyage of the Dutch
While the Dutch were in chat Ifland, they were told
that the Corps of a Nobleman was to be burnt, and
above fifty Women with him • but fuch a horrid
fight frighted them fo much, that no body went to
fee it.
During the time the Dutch lay at Anchor in that Bay,
they took care to provide all Necdfaries for their Voy¬
age. They went every day alhoar to fetch in what
they bought, and workt very hard to lade the Ships
with all manner of Provifions; but the Seamen af¬
terwards thought they were very ill rewarded : For
when they were at Sea, they had nothing but Rice
and Water, and the Officers were ferved every day
with boyled and roafted Meat, and all forts of Fruit.
This Condud gave occalion to many Murmurings and
Divifions amongft them. I
Feb. 22d, part of the Crew cf the Maurice having j
landed, two of them deligning to go farther into the
Country, bade the reft not to ftay for them if they did
not return in time. From that time they never heard of
them, though they enquired feveral times after them,
only one or two days after their Defertion, they fem
for their Oioaths, but they were denyed. It is cer¬
tain that they run away upon their own accord, bu;
whether they would not have been glad to return on
board again, no body can tell, for they were feen no

Feb. z6tb, having made all things ready, they weighed

Anchor about Noon, and failed towards the Cape of
Good Hope, through the South of Java: So the three
Ships, namely the Maurice, Holland, or Dutch Lpn,
and the Pigeon or Pinnace left the Iflands of Bali and'
Java, having fourfeore and nine Seamen, left out of
the 449 that embark’d in Holland.
Befides the Seamen, there were eight Men more,
whom they had taken in their Progrefs , vi%. two
Boys from Madagascar, one Chinaman, two of Mali-
bar, a little Boy nine years old born at Jo,main in the
Ifland of Java, and Abdul, fo often mentioned be¬
fore.
The 28th all the Officers being aflemblcd on board
the Holland, in the Captain’s Chamber, had many high
words betwixt them, imputing one to another the oc<
caiion of what palfed before Bantam. The CommiW
fioners
 to the Eaft-lndies. lh-
noners charg’d the Matters and the Pilots with reti¬
ring from the Town for fear, and expofed them to
great trouble, and to the danger of their Lives. On
the other fide the Matters complained of the Commif-
fioners, for not having bought a flock of Pepper, when
they could buy it at fo cheap a rate. In fhort, both
of them had caufeto reproach one another, and that
was not done fo privately, but the Seamen could hear
them very well.
April lilt/), 1597. after they had failed 57 days, they
faw the Continent of Africa, fituated in 33 Deg. ir
Min. South Latitude. The Cajfres or Savages having
difcover’d the Ships, made a great fire and fmoak
The z6tb the Dutch Lyon parted from the other
two through the Mifunderftanding of. the Officers, and
were a whole Month before they met again.
On the 30tb they faw a "great many of thofe Birds
with white Bills, call’d by the Portuguese Faifons, which
are fpotted all over their Backs, and black under their
Bellies. The fight of them is a fign you are not far oft*
the Cape of Good Hope.
The 6th in the Morning the Maurice and Pigeon
faw the Cape of AguiSat, which they left behind to
theEaft-North-Eaftofthem : the lower point of thisCape
Ihoots a great way off into the Sea. The 7tb they thought
they were on the Weft of the Cape of Good Hope,
becaufe they met with the bunches of Rudies mentio¬
ned before.
On the 23d the two Shipsfound themfelves in the Lati¬
tude of the Ifland of Sr. Helene, which obliged them to
take theircourfe to the Weft-South-Weft. The 25tb they
faw the Ifland lying North-Weft of them, which ap¬
pear’d very high, and. 14 Leagues diftant from them.
The next day in the Morning, they were but four
Leagues off the Ifland.
The Pinnace failing before, came tinder the Cape
on the North fide, to get into the Road. There
they faw four great Carratjues or Portuguese Veflels,
which lay there at Anchor to take in fome Refrefh-
ntents, as they ufed to do ; ‘"or although the Kings
of Spain and Portugal hadfoitv.; all their Subjeds to
inhabit that Ifland, it was for .iU that plentiful in O-
ranges, Lemons, Citrons, Goal.. Hogs, Hens of Bar-
Partridges, Quails, and fevc-rai other Fowls and
 , The firfi Voyage of the Dutch
Birds: The Ifland produceth all manner of Herbs
good to Eat, and Phylical; and the adjacent Sea is full of
good Fifh.
The Ifland is about feven Leagues in Circumference,
the Soil is dry and Tandy, which makes the Trees
that are very plentiful, good for nothing but to burn,
you find in fome places Brimftone. When the Portu¬
guese difcover’d that Ifland, there was no Fruit nor
Animals in it, but a great quantity of frelli Water Tun¬
ing down the Mountains to a Valley, from whence it
runs into the Sea. '
The Valley is fo green that it is always full of A-
nimals and Birds, which you may kill with Stones.
Confidering the great number of Ships which ftand in
for that Ifland, to take Refr.efhments and Provifions
in great quantities, it is a wonder to fee fo fertile an
Ifland uninhabited.
There is abundance of Salt upon the fhoar, which
is very gqod for faking Provifions ; fo that it feems
Providence placed that Ifland there, to fupply the
Ships that fail to the Eafl-Indics, with all Neceffaries
for their Voyage.
The name of St. Helene was given to that Ifland,
becaufe it was difcover’d the zift of May, which day
is Confecrated by the Church of l{ome, to the Me¬
mory of. Helena the Emprefs, and Mother of the Em¬
peror Conjlantine the Great. It is ftill about that time,
that the Portuguese arrive and flay in that Ifland to
take Provifions.
‘ The Ifland of St. Helene lies in 16 Deg. and a
‘quarter of South Latitude, 550 Leagues off the
‘Cape of Good Hope, 350 Leagues off the Coaft of
‘ Angola, and 500 Leagues off Brasil, which are the
‘ neareft Continents. The Country is fo high, and fo
‘ full of Mountains, that when you difeover it, you be*
* lieve it is cover’d with Clouds.
‘ The Fruit-Trees which the Portuguese planted in
‘that Ifland, multiplyed without Planting or Grafting
‘ any more ; fo that now the Valleys are full of them,
‘ and of Fruits all the year long : The fhowers of
* Rain falling five or fix times in a day, and the Sun,
* which fhining out immediately after, caufes this great
‘ Fruitfulnefs,-
 to the Eaft-Indies. a?7
‘ Here is an infinite number of Beads and Birds,
‘ and . fo great plenty of Fifh, that if you throw but a
1 Line into the Water, you will get as many as you
' want in a Minutes time, and as good as any in the
1 World. In a word, it is a Terreftrial Paradife, and
1 the Ships which cannot ftand in for that Ifland when
‘ they return from the Indies, as it happens fometlmes,
1 fuffer and lofe a great deal, for they are forced to
1 put into the Coaft of Guinea, and ftay there for the
‘ Rain, to take in frefli Water, which fatigues extream-
‘ ly the Seamen, and caufes many Diftempers amongft
1 them.
‘ The Portuguese leave commonly their Sick in that
‘ Idand, giving them Rice, Oyl, Bisket, and Spices, for
1 they find Flefh enough there. The lick Seamen ftay
‘ in that place till the Ships come the next year ; and
‘ the Air is fo good and temperate, that they are not
‘ long without being vyell again. The King of Por-
‘ tugal will not fuffer the Ifland to be inhabited, for
1 fear chat in procefs of time, the Inhabitants would
1 govern themfelves, and be fubjed to no body; fo he
1 had rather that the Sailors Ihould labour for their
£ own conveniency in that Ifland, than to lofe the pro-
‘ perty of it.
The Pinnace having feen theCarracks, difcharged
many Guns, to give notice to the Maurice, that there.
was fome danger. The Seamen were extreamly con¬
cerned, for they were in hopes of failing in a fhort time
to rake in fome Rcfrefhments, but there was no reme¬
dy, and therefore they fteer’d ftraight for Holland.
They had not failed long after their departure from
St. Helen, but they faw a Ship, which they knew to
be the Holland, and which they had not feen in a Month.
This good news caufed as much joy amongft the Sea¬
men, as their failing off without (landing in for St. Helens
had vexed them before.
The Holland's Crew told them, that the fixteenth
inftant they had feen two fmall 'French Ships in the La¬
titude of 20 Deg. 50 Min. but that they could not
come near them, becaufe the French were frighted
away.
They had alfo feen before them the 24th of the fame
Month, a Portuguese Carrack, which knowing they
were Dutch, fet up a red Flag, and difcharged two
Guns
 The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
Guns againft them; however the Dutch Ihot off as
many more agajnft the Portuguese. Then both conti-
' nued their courl’e towards Sr. Helens, where three o-
ther Carracks lay at Anchor; and thefe upon fight of
the Holland Ihot a Gun, to call on board their Men
that were a-lhoar, and in effed, when the Maurice was
near them, ihe law all the Seamen on board the Car-
racks.
The three Ships having faluted one another at their
meeting, took their courfe towards the North-Weft,
in order to return into Holland, the Wind Eaft-South-
Eaft. The firft and fecond of June they faw feveral
Birds, and that made them believe, they were not far
off the Ifland of Afcenfion. The 7th they crofs'd the
Equinoxial Line, which was the firft time of their fee¬
ing the North fide of it in two years Voyage.
‘ That Ifland was difcover’d on Afcenfion-Day, and
‘ was fo called for that reafon. • It lies 8 Deg. South of
‘the Line, and 190 Spanijh Leagues off St. Helene$
‘ there is no frelh Water, nor Trees, or Greens to be
‘ feen, for the Mountains are almoft red.
' It has a fine white fhoar on the Sea fide, which is
‘ more filhy than that of St. Helene, and is frequented
‘ by fo great Multitudes of certain Birds as big as
‘ Gcefe, that you may take them with your Hand, but
* they have a compound rafte of Flelh and Filh toge-
* ther, which is not pleafant. The Soil is dry, and
‘ Aflt-coloured, and nourilhcs no manner of Beafts.
June 16th, they faw a great deal of Duft which the
Wind blew over the Holland, which made them think
they were not far off the St. Antonio Ifland, one of the
molt Southerly ot all the Iflands of the Cape Verd, i. e.
thofe which the Dutch called Salted Iflands, and which
we have already deferibed in the beginning of this
Journal.
* The Cape Verd, or the Green Cape, is a point in A-
‘ frica, or rather a Mountain (hooting forth into the Sea,
‘ which Ptolomeus calls Arlinarium; it was difcover’d
‘ by the Portuguese in the year 1474, in the Reign of
1 Alphonfii! the <jth. Ic is bounded on twofidesby the
‘ two. Rivers, Gambra and Sencgra, formerly called
‘ Stachiris and Garatus. To the Weft fide of it there
‘ is an Ifland full of an infinite number of Birds, whofe
‘ Eggs are commonly gather’d by the Mariners,
 to the Eaft-Jncfies. 139'
‘ This Cape is a dangerous Landing-place, becaufe
‘ of a great many Rocks about it under Water ; there-
' fore it is much better to land farther three Leagues
‘ oft’ it, in a place uninhabited, which affords nothing
1 but Wood and Stones. The Continent is inhabited
‘by Negroes, who trade with all forts of Nations, and
‘ fpeak feveral Languages, efpecially French and Portu-
‘ m^c. The moft part of them goe naked, having
1 only a piece of Linnen Cloth about their middle, to
‘ cover their Privy Parts.
‘ But the Noblemen and Grandees cloath themfelves
‘ a little better, for they wear a long Garment of Cal-
1 lico, made like a Woman’s Smock, and ftriped with
1 blew. They hang little fquare Leather Bags upon their
‘Arms and Legs, but wc could not learn of them
‘ what they put in thefe Bags. They wear about their
‘Neck, Laces made of Sea-Horfes Teeth, with glafs
‘ Beads between ; on their Heads they wear a Cap of
‘ Callico ftriped with blew.
‘ They are a prudent and wife People, employing
1 themfelves to till the Ground, which bears good Rice
‘and other things fufficient to maintain them. The
1 richeft fort among them keep Cattle, which are ve-
‘ry dear in that Country, bccaufe there is but a
' few.
‘ Here are a great many good Black-Smiths, for Iron
1 is much valued among ’em; and you find long Iron bars
‘ forged like Spears, which ferve them for Fifhing,
‘and Plowing the Ground. They make likewife fe-
‘veral forrs of Weapons, as Arrows, Darts, Jave-.
1 lins, £3c.
‘ They have but little or no knowledge of God Al-
1 mighty, except fome of them who converfe with
1 Chriftians. In general, what Religion they have
1 comes neareft to the Mahometan, for they are Cir-
1 cumcis’d : They are very Lafcivious, Men may have
1 as many Wives as they pleafe, and Women are fel-
1 dom fatisfied with one Husband; but above all, they
' love ftrangers very paffionately.
‘ The Portuguese who live there, are not fubjedl to
‘the King of Spain, but are free, and trade with all
1 Nations; but they have no Authority or Power, but
' over their Slaves and Servants. The'Country is al-
! together governed by the Governors of each Town
’or
240 The firfi Pay age of the Dutch
‘ or Village, who run in little Boats to the Ships when
‘ they arrive, to make them pay the Cuftom.
June zyth, the three Ships came into the Sea, which
the Portuguese called Mar de Sargajfo, becaufe of the
Sargajfo or Crejfes which cover it. The next day they
palled under the Tropick of Cancer, which lies in 13
Deg. 30 Min. North Latitude.
July the i otb one of the Boys belonging to the Hol¬
land, getting up to the Mizzen Top-Maft, fell into the
Water, and the Ship failed fo fall, that it was impoffi-
ble to favehim; but having fwom a pretty while, the
Pinnace which was behind met him by chance, and
took him up alive. The 1 zth they thought that they
were near the Iflands of Cervo and Flores, however
feeing no Land, they took the Latitude, and found
themfelves under 37 Deg.
‘ Corvo and Flores, are two of the Iflands which
‘the Spaniards call Acores, that is, Iflands of Hawk;,
‘ becaufe when they difeover’d ’em, they found a great
‘ many Hawks in them. The Dutch call them de Vlaam-
'floe Eilanden, Flemifo Iflands, becaufe the firft Inha-
‘ bitants of the Ifland of Fayal, which is one of the
‘ nine Iflands were Flemings.
‘ The Race of its firft Inhabitants is perpetuated
‘ to this day in that Ifland, and you may know them
‘ by their Air and Shape, which refembles that of the
‘ Flemings. They dwell upon a little River, running
‘ down a Mountain, which the Portuguese called Hjhm
‘ dos Framencas, the River of the Flemings.
‘ Thefe are the names of the Acores Iflands, Tercere,
‘St. Michael, Santa Maria, St. Georges, Gratiofa, Pics,
1 Fayal, Corvo, and Flores: Tercere is the chief of them,
‘It is [5 or 16 Leagues in circumference, being high,
‘ and fo fteep in many places, that it is a'moft impreg-
‘ nable, and bolides that, they have built Forts in the
‘ places where it is acceflible.
* There is no Harbour or Road wherein the Ships
‘ can Iheltcr, but before the capital City named Angnt,
‘ which hath a Port of the figure of a Hall-Moon, and
‘ therefore called the Half-Moon of Angra. Upon the
‘ two ends of the Half-Moon, are two Mountains cal-
‘ led Brasil, which ihoot forth into the Sea, and ap-
‘ pear a far off, like two fmall Iflands. Thofe two
‘ Mountains are fo high, that being at the top of them,
 to the Eafl-Indies. 2.4I
' you may fee at any time ten or twelve Leagues off
1 and when rhe Weather is fine and clear, above fifteen
‘Leagues off.
‘ Antya hath a fine Cathedral Church, a Bi^op, a
‘Governor, and the Council Which governs all the
1 Wands, refides there. Three Leagues off Aug;a, lies
‘ another Town called Ha Pray a, or the Town of the
‘ Ihoar, becaule itisfitua^ed near a great (honr, which
'the Ships can never approach ; fo that the Town is
1 without any manner of Trade, and very defert, tho’
‘ pretty well built, and walled about.
‘ The Inhabitants I've upon the Fruit that grows in
‘the Iflancl; for it is very fruitful and pleafant, full of
1 fine Corn Fields. The Wine is but fmall, and will
‘ noc keep long ; therefore the rich Inhabitants pro-
1 vide rhemfelves with Ahiere and Canary Wines.
‘ The Illand is fo plentiful of Meat, Fifh, and all
‘forts of Victuals, that even in time of Scarcity there
‘is enough for the Inhabitants; but they want Oyl,
‘Salt, Lime, and Potters Wares, which are imporred
‘from other places. They have abundance of Peach-
‘ cs, Apples, Pears, Oranges, Lemons, all forts of
‘Herbs, Plants, and among others, the Root called
‘ Batatas, which grows like the Itock of a Vine, but
‘ the Leaves are not the fame. Some of thofe Roots
1 weigh a pound, more or lefs.; they have fo great
‘ quantities of them, that the rich flight them, though
‘they are of a good fweet lalte, and very nouriih-

‘ You find alfo another Root as big as a Man’s two

‘Fill,, cover’d with Filaments of Gold colour, and
Tinooth as Silk; they make Beds of it, but curious
‘and skillful Workmen,would make fineStufts with it:
1 You fee buc few wild Fowls, or Birds, except Cana-
‘ ries. Quails, tame Hens, and Turkey-Cocks, which
‘ are very numerous.
‘ You meet with feveral places very hilly, and full
‘of fo thick Woods, that you can hardly travel through
‘them; but that which makes travelling more difficult,
' is, that you find very often' Rocks a League, or half
'a League long, Which' are fo'ragged, and lo lharp,
‘that you can hafdly walk tipbu'em without cutting
'i’Oiif Feet oi Shoes.'

$
z4i The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
* At the fame time ’tis remarkable, that thofe Rocks
' are fo full of Vines, that in the Summer time you
‘ cannot fee them, for they are all over-cover'd with Vine
‘ Leaves. The Vines fpread their Roots through the
* cracks or chinks of the Rocks, which are fo fisiall,
‘ that ’tis a wonder how they can find any Nourifli-
£ menf there ; and yet if you plant a Vine in the other
‘ good ground of this Country, it will never grow.
‘ The Corn and other Fruits of that Ifland.will not keep
‘ above a year • nay, if you keep the Corn four Months
‘ without burying it under Ground, it will rot and b:
4 fpoiled. To prevent that accident, each Inhabitant
* has a Pic out of the Town, which is round at the
‘ top, and large enough to let a Man go in, the Head
4 is cover’d with a Stone, and lock’d up r Some of
‘ their Pits are fo large, that they might contain two
‘ or three Lads of Corn; now a Lad contains icS
4 Bufhcls of Amftcrdam Meafure, and each Bufitel weighs
‘ forty pounds and more.
‘ They put their Corn in thofe Pits in July, and co-
4 ver the done with Earth to preferve it the better,
‘ And at Cbrijlnuu they take it out, though fome keep
4 it longer; but it is then as good and as fine, as when
1 ’twas put in the Pits.
4 The Oxen in that Eland are the largeft and the
c fined in Europe, their Horns are mondroudy large,
c every one hath his name like our Dogs, and they are
4 fo tame and fo familiar, that when the Mader calls
4 one of them by his name, though he is amongd a
4 thoufand others, he will come prefently to him.
4 One would think that the Ground of that Ifland is
4 hollow, for when you walk upon the Rocks, it founds
4 hollow, and indeed the thing is probable enough, for
4 the Eland is fubjeebto many Earthquakes: You find
4 in many places of the Ifland of St. Micb.tel, holes ot
‘ cracks, out of which there comes a great lmoak, ana
4 the Ground all about is burnt: but this is no uncom-
4 mon thing in mod of thofe Elands, for all of them
4 have Mountains of Sulphur.
4 Here are Fountains fo hot, that you may boil an
4 Egg in the Water. Three Leagues off Angra, there
1 is a Fountain which changes Wood into Stone; and
4 there was a Tree to be feen, the Roots of which be-
4 ing in that Water, were dony, and as hard as Steel.
‘ ‘ This
 to the Eaft-Indies. £43
‘ This I(land 'produceth excellent Timber, efpecial-
‘ ly Cedar, which isfo common , that they make Carts
1 and Chariots of it, and burn it. The Ifland of Pi-
‘ co, twelve Leagues diftant from Tercere, produceth a
1 fort of Wood called Teixo, which is as hard as Iron,
‘ and looks reddilh, and lhining when it is work’d.
1 It hath alfo that good quality, that it is better and
‘ finer when it is old, which makes it fo precious, that
1 no body dares cut to it, but for the King’s ufe, and up«
‘on a fpecial Order from the King’s Officers.
‘ The chief Trade in the Ifland of Tercere confifts in
' PPoad, of which they have a great plenty. The Fleets
‘of Portng.il and Spain, which fail into the Eaft-
1 Indies, Brazil, Cape-verd, Guinea, and other Countries,
‘andftandin for that Ifland to take in Refreiliments,
‘bring a good Trade and Profit not only co the Inhabi-
’ tants of Tercere, but likewife to thole of the neigh-
‘ bouring Iflands , who fell to the Portuguese and
'Spaniards their Manufacture and other Commodi-
1 ties.
‘ Seven or eight Leagues South-Eaft off Tercere lies
‘ the Ifland of Sc, Michael, about zo Leagues in length $
‘it hath feveral Towns and Villages; the capital Ci-
‘ ty is named Ponta del Gu.it, which drives a better
1 Trade of Garden Woad, than Tercere, becaufe there is
' a grearer quantity of it here, than in any of the o-
1 ther Iflands, for it produceth above two hundred
1 thoufand Quintals every year. Here are alfo arable
‘Lands, which bear abundance of Corn, that they
1 transport to the other Iflands; but it affords no Har-
‘bor. no Rivers, nor any fhelter for Ships.
‘ The Iflrnd of S.wRa Maria, is but twelve Leagues
‘South of St. Michael, and hath ten or twelve Leagues
‘in Circumference. They trade only in Potters Ware,
‘ which they tranfport to the other Iflands, but they have
‘ plenty of all manner of Provisions.
‘ Seven or eight Leagues North-North-Weft off
‘ Tercere, is the little Ifland of Gratiofa , not above
‘ five or fix Leagues in Circumference, but very plea-
‘ fane and fruitful.
‘ The Ifland of Sc George is about eight: or nine'
‘ Leagues North-Weft from Tercere : it is twelve
‘Leagues in length, and two or three in breadth: this
1 is a wild Mountainous Country, and bears a little
R 4 Word,
M4 The firjl Voyage of the Dutch
Woad. The Inhabitants fubfift by rilling the Ground,
and keeping Cartel; and they have abundance of
Cedar, which they export to Tercere.
‘Seven German Leagues South-South- Weft oft'St.
Georges, you find thelfland of Faya/, which hath fe-
venrcen or eighteen Leagues in Circumference, and
: is the belt of the Aeons, next to Tercere, and St. Mi-
'■ chael. It affords abundance of Cartel, Fifh, and o-
■ ther Commodities, which they export to Tercere,
’ and the other Iflands ; they have likewile plenty of.
1 Woad.
‘ The chief Town is called Villa Dorta. Moft of the
: Inhabitants of this Ifland are Natives of the low
1 Countries, but they fpeak now the Portuguese Tongue;
: they love Flemings naturally, and ufe all ftrangers
‘ very kindly.
‘ Three Leagues to the South-Eaft off Fayal, and
; four Leagues to the South-Weft oft* St. Georges, and
twelve Leagues to the South-Weft, and by Weft off
Tercere, lies the Ifland of Pico, fo called from a Mour.-
1 tain in it, named Pic, fome being of opinion, that it
' is higher than the Pic of Tenerijf in the Canaries-.
‘ the Inhabitants till the Ground, and keep Cartel to
: fubfift by. This Idand hath plenty of all Vifluak,
; and yields the belt Wine in all the Acorss, it is about
; 1y Leagues in Circumference.
‘ From Tercere to the Ifland of Flores, which lies to
the Weft, they reckon 70 Leagues; and about a League
1 to the North of Flores, you find the fmall Ifland of O
o5, not above two or three Leagues in Circumference.
Thefe two Iflands are counted now amongft the sl-
cores, and are under the fame Governor. Flores hath
about feven Leagues in Circumference, it producetli
Woad, and hath plenty of all Provifions.
‘ All thefe Iflands are inhabited*by Portuguese, but
the Garrifons are kept by Spanifb Troops, without
any charge or trouble to the Portuguese; for the Sol¬
diers arc kept under fo ftritSt Difcipline, that they
dare not go out into the Country, without their Offi¬
cers leave.
‘ The Winds are fo ftrong, and the Air fo Corrofive,
and efpecially in Tercere, that they fpoil and ccnfum:
in a fliort time the ftonesof the Houles, and the u-ry
‘ Iron. They have a fort of ftone which they firi
‘ within
 to the Eaft-Indies. M5
' within the Sea-Mark, and which is harder, and re-
‘ lifts the fharpnefs of the Air better than the other
1 forts, and for that reafon they build the front of their
‘ Houfes with it.
Augu(l the the Dutch computed according to the
time of their failing, that they were in the Englijh
Channel, in the Latitude of 37 Deg. The yth tiiey
got into the Channel, where they met with a Ship of
Convoy from Amfterdam, which furnilhed them with
Beer, Cheefe, and Bisket, for they wei 2 then in great
want of Provifions : But foon after the Seamen were
very lick by eating too greedily, and the dwelling in
their Legs increafed very much ; this Ship was the firft
Dutch Ship they met in their Voyage.
The loth they faw the Coaftof Holland, which they
had not feen for 29 Months. The fame day the ftor-
my Weather forced them to an Anchor, and now they
had failed ten Months and a hall without calling Anchor
any where.
The next day the Maurice and the Pinnace failed to
the TexeL, wherein the Pilots conducted her in: The
Ship Holland’s Crew were fo weak, that they could
not work the Ship, nor weigh Anchor, About E-
vening the Ship fuffer’d fo great a Storm, that they
were forced to cut her Mail:, and Ihe was many times
in danger of Ship-wrack. This ftormy Weather iaft-
ed till the 14th, then the calm fucceeding, the Pilots
came on board the Ship, and help'd to weigh Anchor ;
fo that after many Dangers and Accidents, lhe got fafe
into the Harbor.

Of the Weights ^Meaftires} and Cojns of the Eaft-

Indies.

AT Malacca, Achem, and other neighbouring pla-

** ces, they weigh by Bahars, of which there is two
forts, the great Bahar, and the little Bahar. The great
one contains 200 Cates, the Cate 26 Taycls, or 38
Ounces and a half of Portugal Weight, each Tayel
weighing about one Ounce and a half (harp weight.
They make ufe of that weight to weigh Pepper, Cloves,
R 3 Nut-
 The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
Nutmegs, Ginger, Cinnamon, Tamarins, Lack, Mace,
Sugar, 'Mirabolans, Sanders Wood, Indigo, Alun, and
other Commodities.
The little Bihar contains alfo 200 Cates, but each I
of thefe Cates contains but 22 Tayels, or 32 Ounces,
and an eighth part, for the Tayelof the little Babar,
weighs an Ounce and an.half good weigh:. They
weigh with that weight Quick-filver, Copper, Tin,
Pewter, Lead, Ivory, Silk, Musk, Civet, Amber, and
Camphir.
But in the Continent of the Eafl-Indies, Camphir,
Caflia, Aloes, Rhubarb, Spikenard, are weighed by
Farateles , each Faratele weighs an Arraba, which is
two pounds of Lisbon weight. Saffron is fold by ano¬
ther weight, called Almene, which weighs alfo two
pounds.
In China they alfo weigh by Bahars, but each of
them weighs 300 Cates, which makes but 200 of thofe
©f Malacca. Each Cate in China, contains 16 Tayels,
and in Malacca but 14 ; that is, 21 Ounces of Lif
bon weightA Tayel which weighs a real and half,
contains ten Mafes, and a Mafe ten Conduris- . They
Weigh in China the Silver they receive for their Goods
with that weight, becaule they have no coyned Mo¬
ney , and the cut the Reals, and all the Silver in fmall
pieces.
In Bantam, in the whole Ifland of Java, and in the
neighbouring Iflands, the Tayel contains bur eight Ma¬
fes, and two Reals weighs feven Males.
They make ufe alfo of another weight called Maa
or Main, which weighs only 12 Cates; but in Cam-
bay a, and in the Indies, it contains 27 Tayels, and they
/weigh all Victuals by that weight.
In China they alfo make ufe of a weight called Pi-
ccl, which contains 66 Cates, and three quarters; fo that
three Picols and one Bahar, weighs 200 Cates: they
weigh Silk with that weight.
In Europe they weigh Diamonds, Rubies, and other
precious Stones with Quillates, each Quillate weighs!
four Grains; but in the Indies they weigh them bf
Mangalis, each Mangalis weighing five Grains. Emo-
ralds are weighed with Cates, each Cate containing
three Grains.
 to the Eaft-Indies.'
Apothecaries make ufe of a fmall weight called Me-
tricol, the fixth part of an Ounce, and of Mitricoli,
the eighth part of an Ounce. This is all we could
learn concerning the Weights. \
In the Etift-Indies, in Cambay a and Bengale, they
make ufe of a Meafure called Candil, or Cradil, and
fell Rice and other Grain with it. It contains about
fourteen Bulhels, which makes about five hundred
pounds weight. ’Tisby this Meafure that they compute
the burden of Ships.
There is another Meafure in Java, and in the neigh¬
bouring Countries, called Gantan, which contains a-
bout three pounds of Pepper. The Sack which they
call Barath, contains 17 pounds, which weighs 54, and
fometimes 55 pounds of Holland Weight. They have
alfo another Meafure called Gedeng, and meafure all
forts of Grains with it, it contains about 4 pounds.
The Meafure which they make ufe of for Velvet, Wool¬
len and Linnen Cloth,' and fuch other Goods imported
from Europe, is the fame with the Cooda of Portugal,
which is two Ells and a quarter of the Meafure of
Holland. As to their Manufactures, they fell them in
whole pieces, or half pieces, each of them being about
14 or 15 Ells long.
As to their Money in the Indies, at Goa, and upon
the Coaft of Malabar, they count by Pardao’s Xeraffins
a filver Coyn, but of bad Allay: It is coined at Goa,
and hath St. Scbajlian on one fide, and a bunch of Ar¬
rows on the other,- it is worth 3 Teftons, or 300 Reys
of Portuguese Money.
They alfo tell Money by Tangas, which are not pro¬
perly Money inSpecie, but like Dutch Guilders, as a
Pardao Xcraffin for example, is worth 4 Tangas good
Money, and five of bad Allay, for they tell Money by
good and bad Allay.
They alfo tell Money by Vintins, four Vintins of
good Allay, and five Vintins of bad Allay, makes one
Tangas. The Bafaruco’s are the worft Allay, being
made of the worft Pewter: 15 good Bafaruco’s or 18
bad ones, make one Vintin, and 3 Vintins are worth
two Portugal Reys, and 375 Bafaruco’s make a Pardao
Xeraffin.
They counterfeit very often thofe Pardaos Xeraffins,
•hough they are moft current Coy n in the Indies. To.
R 4 pre-
 The Firft Voyage of the Dutch
prevent your being impos’d upon , you find in c-
very corner of the Streets certain Indian Chriftians,
who (land there purpofely, and vifit your Money for
little or nothing : they are fo nimble at it, that in tel¬
ling and handling the Money, they know the value of
it ; and withour rubbing it with the Touch-ftone, they
will diftinguilh a falie piece amongft a thoufand. The
Dutch with all their skill could noc do it, for they
knew them by the found only.
The Counterfeit pieces are coined in the Continent
by the Heathen Indians, fo that no body receives Mo¬
ney, not fo much as a half Pardao, without (hewing
it to a Xdraffs, which is the name of thole who view
the Money; who for a fmall Sailary are obliged to
make all good that they pafs: they alfo change Mo¬
ney, and furnifh you with what Species you want, and
live very handfomiy upon that Trade.
There is alfo in the Indies, a fort of Money called
I~anos, twenty of which make a Pardao, and another
fort called Lanins, which comes from Perjia, where it
is coined in the City of Lar. It is long like thick
double Silver Wire, of pure and fine Silver without
Allay : a Lanin is worth to8 or 105 Bafaruco’s, accor¬
ding as the Change goes.
Befides that, there is another fort of Coin called
Pagodes; there are two or three forts of thefe, which
are always vyorth above eight Tanga’s: It is coined in
Nar/inga, Bifnag.tr, and other places by the Heathen
Indians, who (tamp on one fide of it the figure of an
Idol, like that of the Devil fitting on a Seat, and on
the other fide, a King in a Triumphal Chariot drawn
by an Elephant.
; ' The Sichini or Ducats of Venice, which are tranf-
ported into the Indies by Or mm, and the other Ducats
coined in Turkey, are commonly worth two Par dads
Xeraffns.
' The St. Thomas’s, a piece of Money fo called, becaule
St. Thomas is engraved on one fide of it, and a. long
Crofs on the other fide, are always worth above feven
Tahgas, and fometimes eight.
' Of all the Money that is coyned in Spain, only the
Reals of eight are only current in India 5 commonly
when the Ships arrive, they are worth 436 Portuguese
Reys; then they rife when they tranfpprr them to Chi■
iitt, but they are never lower. .. ” When
 to the Eaft-lndies. 149
When you buy or fell any thing in India, you muff
always agree before-hand, in what Species and Coin
you will be pay’d, whether, in Pardaos Xcraffins, or
Pardaos de Heals, or Pardaos of Gold ; as in fome pla¬
ces in Italy, there is a difference between Scudo d'Oro,
and Scudo di Moneta.
But if you buy or fell Pearls, precious Stones,Gold, >
Silver, and Horfes, it is enough to name the number
of Pardao’s you have agreed-upon ; for every body
knows there are Pardao's worth fix Pan gas: but for all
other Merchandife, if you fpecifie nothing, and fpeak
in general of fo many Pardao's, they are underftood to
be Pardao's worth five Pan gas.
The Merchants pay fometimes in Pardao's of Lanins,
and then five Larrins are worth but one Pardao.
There are feveral other forts of Money, which are
only current in the Provinces where they are coined :
’Tis faid that at Bengale, they make ufe of little Shells
and Almonds for fmall Money, as we do Farthings in
England.

A
 RELATION
Of THE

Second Voyage of the DVT CH

INTO THE

EAST-INDIES;
Made by a Fleet of eight Ships in the year
1598, under the command of James Cor-
nelijt Tan Neck, Admiral; and Wyhrant Fan
Warwick, Vice-Admiral; taken out of the
printed journals, and other Manufcripts.

T H E Dire&ors of the Eaft-India Company

fined out in the year 1598, fix Ships and two
Yatchs, bound for the Eaft-Indies. The firft
Ship was named the Maurice, in which were
Admiral Comelify Fan Neeli born at Amfterdam, Gi¬
ven Matter, and Cornelius Hemskjrke Commifli-
oner.
The fecond Ship named the Amfterdam , had on
board her Vice-Admiral Wybrtm, a Native alfo of
Amfterdam, and Corneille Janfc Fortxoyn Matter.
The Third was named the Holland, Simon Lamberts,■
man Matter or Captain, and Wyte Nyn Commiffio-
ner.
They called the fourth Ship the Zealand, Nichols
Janf* Mcl^nap was Matter of her. Tfo
 to the Eaft-Indies. z$i
The fifth was named the Geldcrland, John Brayn
Matter, Hans Hendrikss Bonver Commiffioner.
The fixth was named the Vtretcht, John MartfsMz-
fter.
The great Yatch was called the Fri^eland, John
Cornelifs Mafter, and tVniter Wiilenkins Comtniffio-

The little Yatch was named the OvcriJJcli, Simon

Janfs Horn Mafter, and Arcm Harmanfs Van Alkjnaar
Commiffioner.
All thefe Ships were Manned with 560 Seamen,
who were Muftered the 9tb of March.
They failed out of the Tcxel the \fl of May, with a
South'Eaft-Wind, and the 15tb they were in light of
the Iflandof Madcrc, and the other adjacent Iflands,
called by the Portuguese, Defert or Wild Iflands, and
by the Dutch, Sorters.
The lyth they palled the Canary Iflands, and among
others Gomcra and Palma : And on the 13d the Iflands
of Cape Verd, or the green Cape, called falted Iflands,
and particularly Sr. Jago and Mayo.
June the 1ft they catch’d a Tortoife of 143 pounds
Holland weight. The 8tb they palled the Equinoxial
Line. The 25th they pafs’d the Shelves of Brazil,
which lie in the 18 Deg. South Latitude. ,
July the 24t/j they came near the Cape of Goed Hope,
in 35 Deg. South Latitude. On the 27th they Law
great floats of Trees, and Roots 25 Fathoms long,
and many Birds flying, an infallible lign they were
not far off the Cape.
The 28th after a great Storm, they faw on one of
the Main-Top-Malts, a fire called St. Elmo's Fire, Ihi-
ning like a Candle. The 3 ift they difeover’d the
Coaft of the Cape of Good Hope; and the 24th the I-
fland of Sc. Laurence or Madagafcar, under which they
call Anchor the next day, that being the firft time
lince they failed out of the Texel. On the zytb they
doubled the Cape, and the 30th they weather’d Cape
Julian.
September the 17th, they faw the Illand which the
Portuguese call Cerne; the Seamen rejoyced mightily
at the fight of it, in hopes to find there frelh Water,
and fome Refrelhments which they wanted excreamly,
fcr they began to be fick of the Scurvy.
On
 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
On the 12th in the Morning they fent two Sloops
on fhoar, where they found a good and clofe Harbour,
large enough to (lielter 50 Sail from the Winds, and
a good Ground for Anchorage.
The Sloops Crew returning on board the Ships about
the Evening, brought with them eight or nine great
Birds, and many little ones, which they took with
their Hands: They alfo found very good frefh Water
running down the Mountains; fo that this Harbour
is one of the beft, and the moft Convenient to put into
for Refrefhments..
On the loth the moft part of the Seamen landed,
and the Minifter of the Vice-Admiral preached a Ser¬
mon upon the (hoar, and gave thanks to God Almigh¬
ty, for having brought them into a Harbour fo much
defired. Then they named that Ifland Maurice, for a
reafon fo well known, that it is needlefs to mention it.
September nfi, they landed in another place of the
fame Ifland, to fee whether they could find Inhabitants,
but they found none. They took an irifinite multi¬
tude of Birds with their Hands,' which made them be¬
lieve, that the Ifland was uninhabited.
The 27th a certain Indian who had been brought
to Holland in the firft Voyage, embraced the Chnltian
Religion, and was Chriftened by the name of Ln-
rence. On the 29th they went farther to another place
of the Ifland, but could find no Inhabitants.
Thelfland of Csrne or Maurice, is about 15 Leagues
in. Circumference , it hath a very fine Harbour, the
Mouth of which is above too Fathom deep. The Coun¬
try is Hilly, and full of Mountains, which are co¬
ver’d with green Trees, moft of them wild, excepting
fome Palm-Trees, and Palmite-Trccs; but thole which
grow in the Valleys, are a great deal finer.
The Mountains are fo high, that they are for the
moft part of the year cover’d with Snow, and fonie
times fo full of fmoak, you can hardly fee them: The
ground is ftony every where, bus withal full of wild
Trees which grow fo clofe together, that they touch one
another.
The Wood of thofe Trees is the fineft Ebony in the
World, very black,and as fmooth as Ivory. There is ano¬
ther fort of Wood of a fine red colour, and another yel¬
low like Bees-Wax: They tranfported fome of thefs
three
 to the Eaft-Indies., . ,
hree forts to Holland, which were valued very much j
he outlide of the Bark is green and thick, and under
t is the Ebony Wood.
They found alfo many Palmifes-Ttces, which fur¬
led them with good Refrefhments; they are much
ike Cwo-Trees, but on the top of the Palmites, there
s a great knot or head which they cut, and found in
ta kind of Juice or Pith very good to eat, efpecially in
iallet, and then it is purging : that Juice was white,
ind as fweet as a Turnep.
The Dutch made feme Hutrsin thelfland, and lodg’d
the lick Seamen in them, who in a little while were
well again ; this Ihews the Air is very good. The Sea
is (o lull of Filh, that at one call of a Sean, they
caught a half Tun of Fifh ; there is .no fuch fort of
Filh to be feen in the Netherlands Seas, except Eells
and Pearches. Among other Filh they took fuch a
monftrous Thornback, that it ferv’d all the Seamen of
one Ship for two Meals.
They found alfo a great quantity of Tortoifes, fome
of which were fo extraordinary big, that four Men
Hood upon them as they crept along, and one Ihell was
large enough to hold fix Men in it.
There they faw an infinite number of Birds and
Fowls, efpecially Turtle-Doves, of which the Seamen
took 150 in an Afternoon ; they alfo faw a great ma¬
ny Herons, but could catch none, for they fled out of
light.
They faw but a few wild Geefe, but withal a world
of grey Parrets, and a fort of Fowl as big as Swans,
with a big Head and a Creft on, like a Fryar’s Cowl:
they have but four or five black Feathets in ftead of
Wings,, their Tail is very Ihort, and hath but five lit¬
tle grey and curled Feathers. The Dutch called them
Fowls of a loathlome tafte, becaufe the more they road-
ed them, they grew the harder; and perhaps alfo;
becaufe filling their Bellies every day with Turtle-
Doves, which were excellent Meat, they difliked the
other Fowl.
The I (land of Maurice, though uninhabited, and
without any four-footed Beads, is for all that as good
and convenient a place to take in Refrelfiments for
the Ships that fail to the Eafl-Indies, as St. Helene is
to thofe that return from the fame. They found in
 144 The Second Foyage of the Dutch
it 300 pounds weight of Bees-Wax, with Greek, Cha-
raders written upon it; befides a Deck of a Ship, a
Capftone, and a Main-Yard, the remainder undoubt¬
edly of aShipwrack.
The Vice-Admiral put up a Board or a piece of
Wood on a Tree, with the Arms of Holland, ^ealani,
_ and Amfterdam, carved upon with thefe words, Clni-
' Jlianos form ados, Reformed Chriftians; that if any
body fhould ever come into that place, they might
know, that fome Chriftians had been in that Kland.
Healfo fingledout a large (pace of Ground, four
times more fpacious than the Dam which is before the
Town-Houfe of Amfterdam, and inclos’d it with flakes,
like a Garden, wherein he fowed and planted Fruit-
Trees, and feveral other things, to try whether they
would grow in that Ground : He alfo left behind him
fome Hens, and other Fowls, that the Ships which
lhould put into that Ifland, might find all forts of Re-
frelhments.
* It is necelfary here to explain a thing which is not
‘ plain enough in the Journal, that is, the eight Ships
* which had always failed together from Holland to
‘ the Cape of Good Hope, were feparated by a terrible
4 Storm, the 8;/> of Auguft 1598. Five of them kept
‘ company together, vl\. the Amfterdam, the ^calami,
‘ the Gueldsrland, the Vtretcb, and the great Yatch cal-
‘led the Fri^eland ; Thofelive Ships put into the Ifland
‘ of Maurice, and tarried there a fort-night.
The other three, vis;. the Maurice, the Holland, and the
little Yatch, call'd the Overijfd, who were feparated
‘from the others, were forced to fleer to the Ifland of
* Santa Maria, and from thence they continued their
‘ courfe to Bantam. I lhall now relate what happen'd
‘ to them in their Paffage, and in their Return ; and
‘ afterwards lhall refume the Relation of what concerns
* the five other Ships, which we now leave in the I-
‘ Hand of Maurice.
The three Ships being arrived in the Ifland of Sana
Maria, took their Phulo or King Prifoner, who gave a
Cow and a' Calf for his Ranfom. They found no Re-
’ frefhments there, becaufe it was nor the feafon of the
year for Fruit, only they got a good quantity of Su¬
gar-Canes and Fowl.
 to the Eaft-Indies.
Wbilft they lay there at Anchor, they faw a very
extraordinary fight, fome Indians having feen a Whale,
rowed towards her in a fmall Boat, and caught her
with a Cramp-iron fattened to a long Rope, made of
the Bark of a Tree. The Whale being wounded run
through the Water, and the Indians let out their whole
Rope, upon which the Whale drag’d along the Canon,
or the fmall Boar, and totted her about like a Straw ;
but the Indians were not much concern’d ; for if the
Canon had overturn’d, they could fwim and turn the
Boat again.
This kind of fport lafted a pretty while, but the
Whale being weary and fpent, (he began to float; and
then the Indians drew her upon the flioar, and divided
her amongft them.
Frbm Santa Maria, they failed to the great Bay of
I Anton Gil, where they took in frelh Water. The Indian
I called Madagafcar, whom they had carryed off in the
firft Voyage, might have then tarry’d in his own Coun¬
try if he would, but he faid he did not care for flay¬
ing, and that he fhould not be known there, and with¬
al, that he had rather live and be cloathed after the
European mode, than go naked in the Indies.
They flay’d but five days in that Bay, and found
no manner of Refrelhments, becaufe of the War be¬
tween the petty Kings of the Country; for one of
them having been routed, the Inhabitants his Subjeds
were brought to the laft extremity, of perilhing by Mi¬
le ly and Hunger.
They put to fail again after five days flay, and with
a fair Wind came to an Anchor the 16th of Novemb.
1598, before Bantam. Prefently Corneille Hccmfkjrke,
Commiflioner of the Admiral landed, and went into
the City to follicit the favour and friendlhip of the In¬
habitants, alluring them that the Dutch were come with
no other Defign, but to trade peaceably and fairly with
them.
The Bantamites thought at firftf they were the fame
that came the year before, and that they had kept the
Sea all that while; upon which grounds they took
them for Pirates, efpecially confidering that the Portur
luejc had endeavoured in the firft Voyage the Dutch
®ade there, to perfwade them to believe it.
 The Second Vojage of ///e Dutch
The Dutch did all they could to juftifie themfelves,
and upon that head fent inro the Town Abdul, whorri
they had brought with them: he pacified them, and
at laft obtained Audience. The Dutch then went to
Bantam to wait on the King, who was but an Infant,
and made him fome Prefents: The Governor in his
name received them very kindly.
They prefented him with a gilt Cup, pieces of Vel¬
vet, filk Stuffs, fine Cryftal Glades, and Looking-Glaf-
fes all gilt; and at the fame time they ihew’d the
Patents of the States-General, and of Prnce Minna,
which were received with a great deal of refpedt, and
bowing to the Ground
After iuch Ceremonies, they began to trade with the
Inhabitants with fo great Succefs, that in five Weeks
time, the three Ships were almolt laded.
'A Month after their arrival at Bantam, the other
five Ships came into the fame Harbour, in a very good
condition, and had but few Seamen lick on board,
The Ships being happily jojned together, to esprefs
their Joy, put up their Flags, and made a general Dil-
charge of their Artillery, and tire Officers regaled one
another on board their Ships.
As foon as the five Ships- call: Anchor, feveral Bi-
rogues came on board, and brought all forts of Rdrelli-
%, ments, which they exchanged for Houlhold Pewter,
"! and gave for one Spoon, as much Victuals as a Man
can eat in two days.
It was no advantage to the three Ships, that Ah-
dul made known to the Inhabitants, that five Ships
more were a coming, and fome others would lail
thither in a little while from Zealand ; for upon that
the Bantamitcs raifed the price of Pepper, and where¬
as they fold at firft 55 pounds weight for three Rents
of Eight, a little while after they fold the lame weight
- for four Reals; befides, they would be paid in Reals,
and feemed not much to care for the Merchandife the
'Dutch brought with them.
When the three firft Ships, and the great Yatch call d
the Fris'elavd, were laded, the Dutch gave publick no¬
tice, that they were ready to lail away, therefore they
defired every body to come on board, and fetch their
payments,

Si
 id the Haft-Indies. iff
So after they had made a good Provifion of Rice,
and other Refrefliments, they put to fail the utb of
January 1599, and ftood in for Sumatra to get fome
frefli Water, becaufe the Water of Bantam groweth
white prefently, and breeds Worms.
In Sumatra they exchanged Knives, Looking-Glaf-
fes, Spoons, and other Snail Wares for Fruit, Me¬
lons, Cucumbers, Onions, Garlick, and alfo for very
good Pepper.
Some days before they failed from Bantam, the 0-
ther four Ships bound for the Multiples, took their
leave , and put to fail in the Night: At the time
of their Separation they made fo many difcharges of
their Artillery, that the whole Ifland of Java relounded
with the noife, and the Inhabitants of Bintam were
up all Night, not knowing what was the matter ; buc
in the Morning, feeing the four Ships gone, they were
I very well pleafed, for they were afraid to fee eight
great Ships in their Road. The other four Ships having
failed ourof Sumatra, arrived fafe, and in a lirrle while
at Sr. Helens; where chey flay’d to take in Refrelh-
ments; and in that Hand they found plenty of all
things, particularly Goats, wild Boars, Pheafants, Pi¬
geons, 03c.
But becaufe a great many Ships ftaiid in for that
Hand, and the Seamen landing , go a Hunting and
Fowling; all the Animals are fowild, and fo hard to
be found, that it is very difficult to kill them, and make
a fufficierit provifion of them.
Belides that when Goats are wounded, then run to'
the tops' of Mountains, where it is impeffibie to come
at them, neither could they catch as much Fifh as
they wanted ; but they made a good provifion of frelh
Water, and indeed enough for their return to Hel¬
ls,,1
They left in. that Hand the Mailer’s Mate of the
great Yatcb, becaufe he had been fo faWcy, as rtf
ftrike his Mailer: However they gave him a certain
quantity of Bread, Oyl, Rice, Fifh-hooks, Gun-pow-
| tier, and a Gun.
I June the 1 gtb 1599', after a long Voyage they
1 landed in the Ttxel, having met with no ill accident
fin-their Voyage, and having failed always with a fair
Wind, for which great favour they gave thanks to'
S ' God
zj8 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
■ God Almighty. They brought with them 400 Lads
of Pepper, 100 of Cloves, a fmall quantity of Mace,
Nutmegs and Cinnamon; they fpent 15 Months in the
Voyage, both outward and homeward, though they
failed 8000 Leagues.
After their return into the Texel, the Directors
went there to give neceflary orders, and Corneille Heemf-
kjrke with Henry Buyck, waited on Prince Maurice,
and prefented him with the Prefents the King of Ban-,
turn had fent him.
July the.27^, the Admiral and the Ship call’d th’e
• Holland, arrived before Amflerdam with the found of
Trumpets, and the City exprefled all manner of rejoy-
cing ufual upon fuch occalions.
I come now to give you an account of the Succels
of the Voyage of the other tour Ships, vi%. the Am-
fterdam, the Zealand, the Guclderland, and the Utrecht,
commanded by PVybrant as Admiral, and James Heemj-
!{irk as Vice-Admiral.
They failed from Bantam the 8tb of January 1599,
to the Molurjttcs• the i^t/jthey caft Anchor before the
Town of Jacatra, a League off the fhoar. Prefently the
Sabandcr of Jacatra came on board with a fmall Pi¬
rogue, and asked the Dutch what they were come for;
the Vice-Admiral told him, they were at Anchor to buy
fome Refrefhments.
The Inhabitants declared they were willing to fell
fome, their Country being plentiful enough ; and (it
the fame time prefented the Dutch with Mangas, a fort
of Fruit which wedeferibed in the firft Voyage. The
Vice-Admiral gave them a little Looking-Glafs, and
a few GJafles of fmall value by way of compenfation
for their Prcfenr.
The Ships putting to Sea again failed four or five
days, and being driven back upon the Coaft, and cams
in the Night between the atft and zid of Janrnoj
before the Town of Tubaon, or Tttbatt: Early in tbs
Morning they fent two Sloops a-(hoar, who came back
about the Evening, and brought with them a Lord
of the King’s Court, who was a Portuguese Renega-
do: He had fome Difcourfe with the Admiral, and
told him, if he would (lay three or four Months upon
the Coaft, he might eafily find Merchandife enough
to'lade his .Ships. Oh the 13d they fent fome more
 to the Haft-Indies. ZS9
Men on (hoar, ro carry fome Prefents to the King
he received them very kindly, and fent them back
with 19 Sacks of Rice, which be prefented to the Ships as
a Mark of his Gratitude.
The 24tb in the Morning two Sloops .landed a-
| gain, to meet and receive the King, who had fent
I word he would vilit the Ships. The Vice-Admiral
I having waited on the King, he brought him into his
Palace, (hew’d him his Wives, and his Daughters,
and all his Horfes, which were very fine, and well •
kept.
About Noon the King’s Son came on board with
the Vice-Admiral, the King having not thought fit to
go along with them: The Prince returned back a-
bouc the Evening, and they faluted him with a Dif-
charge of fixteen great Guns, that pleafed him migh¬
tily : the Dutch invited him to eat and drink, but he
laid, his Religion forbid him to do it.
Tub aon or Tub tin, is a fine and trading City ; it is
walled about, and bath Wodden Gates well carved
after their falhion. It is without Difpute, the fineft
Town in Java, and the King is accounted the moft Po¬
tent King in the whole Illand; for in lefs than 24
hours, he can raife a confiderable Army of Horfe and
Foot. He makes a better figure than any other Prince
in that Illand, and his Court is always full of No¬
bles. The King of Ttiban is of a middle lize, but
:ottrfe builc. He was very well pleafed withche com¬
pany of the Dutch Officers.
Going one day a-lhoar, they faw the Prince fitting
an his Elephant, with his Legs a crofs like our Tay-
ors: He was there under a cover, made in the figure
if a Callie, with a Partition on one fide, and a Ca-
inpy over his Head, to keep him from the Sun and
be Rain. He had a kind of Doublet of black'
felvet, with broad Sleevs , and thofe that attended
lira, were armed with Muskets and Javelins, fome of
bent having two large Irons at the end. The Man
l’bo led the Elephant had a little hook in his Hand,
Aich made him go .where he pleafed, and as fall fome-
intes as a Horfe. As the King came nearer the ffioar
pith his Elephant, he alighted from his Caftle to fpenk
pith the Dutch.

S 2 ■ When
 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
When the Dutch came a (hoar, the King came to
meet them, and brought them into his Palace, which
is very fpaciotts, and hath a great many Appartments.
Firft they went up by a Stair-cafe of feven Steps, and
pad through a narrow Door, though broader than
ordinary; for you muft obferve, that all the Doors in
that Country are very low and narrow. Then they
went into the greatand fined. Palace, built with Brick,
and the Rooms paved with fquare Tiles, as they are in
Holland; but before they enter’d into that Palace, they
law the Kings Elephants, who have each of them a
particular Roof, fupported by four Pillars : in the mid¬
dle of the place cover’d by the Roof, there is a flake,
to which the Elephant is tied with a Chain, fatten'd
round one of his Fore-feet.
The biggeft Elephant is fo cruel and fo mifehievous,
that he hath killed, a great many Men : If you com¬
mand him to kill a Man, he doth it prefently, and
then takes the Body upon his Back, and carries it to
the King’s Feet; he is mighty ftrong, and as high as
two Men Handing one above the other. He carries the
King to War, half of his Trunk is white, and when
he gocth to fight, he holds a Weapon with it, and
knows how to make ufc of it, as well as any Man in
that Country.
They faw twelve letter Elephants, but indeed they
were bigger than any they had feen before clfe-
where.
They bring them every day one by one into a Ca¬
nal near the Palace to walh them ■ their Governors teach
them to lie down, to turn about, and fcveral other po-
ttures and things.
The Dutch being in the Palace, they ttiew’d them
one of the King’s Apartments, full of his Baggage in
leveral Trunks, and" Cafes pil’d one upon another;
when the King goes out of the Town, this Baggage
-marches along with him.
Near this Apartment is the Cockpit, where each
Cock is kept in a Cage; and thefc Cocks will fight
with fitch Fury and Courage, that it is furprifingto
Ice them.
They faw alfo his Parrots, which are a great deal,
finer than thofe that are brought into Europe, and no:
very big; they have a lively and Ihining red under;
theii
 to the Eaft-Indies.
their Throat and their Body, and a fpot of a Gold-colour
over the Back. Their Wings are of a fine green,
and blew on the outfide, and of a lively Flefh-colour
underneath.
They are fo much valued in the Indies, that they
are fold for eight and ten Reals a piece. The Dutch
brought one alive to Amftcrdam, which ■ they fold for
170 Livers, tho' ’twas none of the fined.
John Iluggens faith, that the Portuguese have often
tryed to tranfport fome of thofe Parrots into Europe,
but could never keep them alive, becaufe of the ni¬
cety and tendernefs of thefe Birds. They are very far
miliar and carefling, and know their Mafter, and how
to flatter him wonderfully well: They clean his Head
and Beard hair by hair, put their Bill in his Mouth
and Ears, without hurting him ; but if Strangers cqme
near them, they fall upon them like angry Dogs.
Then the King fliew’d the Dutch the Dog-kenncl,
each Dog had his particular Mafter to teach him all
theExercifes fit for l'port. The King asked the Dutchmen
whether they had great Dogs in Holland, they told
him, they had fome as big as little Horfes, and foftrong,
that they would fight a Man, and fometimes be too
hard for him.
He enquired alfo whether the Horfes were very big ,
they replyedj they had fome as big as little Elephants:
He laugh’d at it, thinking they did not lpeak in ear¬
ned ; but when he faw they lookt ferious upon him,
hedeftred them to fend him fome of the biggeft Horfes
and Dogs, but they told him they thought the thing not
poflible.
Going out of the King’s Palace, they went through
a narrow Door, and over a ftone Bridge into a place,
where the King keeps his rare Fowls. They faw a-
mongft the reft great quantities of Ducks, much like
Dutch Ducks, only a little bigger, and all white ; their
Eggs are as big again as a Hens Egg.
From that place they enter'd into the Appartment
of the King’s four lawful Wives, of which the two
oldeft came to meet him, and flood at the Door: he
had fix Sons and two Daughters by them. When the
Dutch got into the Room, they faw the two young
Wives peeping behind a Mat; they were all ferved
and tended by old Slaves: Out of that Appartment fome
 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
of the Kings Concubines were fitting, all drafted with
very fine Callico.
, Then they went to another Apparment feparated
by a Wall, where they faw moft of the King’s Con¬
cubines fitting in order, and drefied as the firft. Their
Rooms are roundabout that Partition Wall; thofethat
are moft in favour, are waited upon by the others.
After that they went to Another Appartment full of
Concubines, lo that the King keeps at lead 300 Con¬
cubines.
The Dutch faw the King’s Palace, and all the Ap-
partments two feveral times ; and thefecond time they
were more numerous than the firft : And having feen
all that was fltew’d to them, they all went out of the
King’s Appartment, through a little Door, excepting
three, whom the King brought into his Bed-Chamber,
called the Turtle-Doves Chamber.
As foon as they were in the Room, the King lay
down upon, a filk Quilt, and Cufhions of the fame
Stuff. The Bed (or the Pile upon which the Quilt
lay) was of the figure of an Altar, made of grey
ftones rais’d above the Floor, and carved on the out-
fide. The Head upon which the Quilt lay, was broad¬
er than the Foot, and of the fame ftone, that it might
be cooler.
They lay’d a Mat before the three Dutchmen, who
fat upon the Ground after the mode of the Country.
Tire King asked them who was their King, and their
Mafter ; they gave him a full and fatisfadory anftver
by their Interpreter : But he took a great delight in
hearing an account of the long War the Dutch had
with the Spaniards, of the Horfe and Foot the Srates-
Gencral kept, but efpecially of their Forces by Sea.
All tbefe Circumftances were to him Very wonder¬
ful.
During this Converfation, an old Slave came into
the Room, carrying on her Back one of the King’s
Daughters, whom file lay’d on the Ground by the
King's Bed. This young Princefs had very large
Bracelets of Gold enammelled, and play’d all the while
wiih the King her Father. The Room was open
on every fide to let in the cooi A'ir, as it is the Cu-
ftom in ’java.
 to the EafMndies.
The Turtle-Doves hung in Cages round the Kings
Bed; their Pearching-fticks were fmall glafs Balls, or
Beads of all colour? ftring’d upon flicks, which made
a glorious flicw.
The King defired the Dutch to fee his feven Sta¬
bles for Horfes, and in each of them there was but one
Horfe; thefe Stables were inclofedwith flicks or flakes,
but kept very clean. \
The Horfes were fmall, but very fine and good
Racers; they are much valued in the Indies, becaufe
they are fcarce. Their Harnefs and Trappings are
fumptuous in their way, but nothing fo regular as ours
in Europe.
There are many Nobles in the City of Ttibiton, who
trade in Silks, Camlets, Callicoes, and a fort of a little
Garment made in that Town. They lade their Jonques
or Ships with Pepper , to tranfport it to Bali, where
they exchange it for a pitiful fort of Callico Gar¬
ments: Then they go to Banda, Terrate, the Philippine
Illands, and other Countries where they exchange thofe
forry courfe Garments tor Mace, Nutmegs, and Cloves,
and with that Cargo return to their own Country,
The common fore of People live upon Fifhing, and
Cattle, which they keep for themfelves, for there is a
great deal in that Country : They go naked from the
Waft upwards, the reft is cover’d with a piece of
Callico, and a Dagger hangs on their Girdle : Gentle¬
men wear a little Camlet Coat.
Thofe that live high keep a great many Slaves al¬
ways in waiting, where-ever they go. They are never
without Bctele, which they chaw continually, it being
mixe with powder made of Lime, and green Wal¬
nuts: They love Horfes mightily, and keep as many
as they can • the Saddles are made of Velvet, or Spa-
nilh Leather, with monftrous figures of Dragons and
Devils painted upon ’em, and gilt.
The Bridles are as white as Alabafter, and fet with
precious Stones; the Bits are very fine, and the Studs
are all of Silver or Copper gilt.
They ride often out of the Town, being three or
four in Company; and run Races, and exercifc their
Horfes with a great of Dexterity. They make
ufe of fhorc Speers in their Carroufets or Races, and
handle them very nimbly one againft another: Thofe
S 4 wha
2,64 The Second Voyage oj the Dutch
who are behind fpur their Horfes to overtake tnofe
that are before them, and give them a phillip with
their Spears, to make them run as faft as they can ; and
thus they continue that fport till, their Horfes are
weary.
The 23d of January 1599, they honour’d the Dutch
with a Race, where a great many Noble-Men, and
the Kinghimfelf, run one againft another: TheKing
was fometimes on Horfe-back, fometimes on his Ele-
phanr,having a fine Callico Garment, with a little black
Velvet Cloak, and a Dagger of Gold hanging on his
Girdle, and the figure of a Devil engrav’d upon it.
The Noble-Men that run, had feveral led Horfes
ro change, and I cannot forbear to fay, that it was a
very fine Entertainment.
January the 24th, the Vice-Admiral and the Zealand
put to Sea, and the two other Ships flay’d at Tubaon, to
fhip feme Cattle and Rice they had bought of the
King. But on the 26th they follow’d the others, and
caft Anchor between Java , and the fmall Town of
Madare. The 27th the Vice-Admiral came before a
Town called Joartam , where they anchor’d : Here
they landed to get an expert Pilot in that Country,
who would (hew them the Road to the Moluqties, but
they could find none. The z%th fome of the Seamen
landed again, and brought the Sabander or Commif-
fioner of the Duties on board the Ships: At the fame
time the King’s Brother came alfo on board, and made
a Prefent to the Vice-Admiral. About the fame time
they had a long difeourfe with a German, who was
fetled in that Country, and who traded in Pepper,Nut¬
megs, and Cloves.
On the 3of/j they agreed with a Pilot: The Night
following a Boat came on boaad the Vice-Admiral
with the fad News, that forty of the Men belonging to
the Admiral, and to the Vtretch, had been made Pri-
foners at Madare, and brought to a little, but very
ftrong Town called Arofobaia.
The 31 ft, the Renegado of Tuban brought a fine
Prefent from the King, to the Vice-Admiral, vi%. a
Dagger, and two Javelins: The Handle of the Dag¬
ger was of Gold let with Diamonds, and the King’s
Picture engraven upon it. It was worth above 500
Livers • the Blade was made and temper’d after their
falhion. pek
 to the Eaft-Indies. 2.6y
Feb. ift 1599, the four Ships met together again
before Madare : The Dutch had brought with them
the Renegado, to mediate the liberty of their Prifo-
tiers; but he could not prevail, becaufe the King ex¬
acted a great Ranfom ; therefore they refolved to have
them by force, but the means they made'ufe of for
their Deliverance, had no Succefs. In order to a full
underftanding of this Affair, it is neceffary to relate the
beginning of it.
Whilft the Guelderland and the Zealand lay at An¬
chor before Joartam, the Admiral and the Vtretch took
their courfe towards the Southerly point of Madare,
and bad call Anchor before the little Town Arofobaia,
a ftrong place, with thick Walls and Gates, ftrength-
ned with Platforms, where the Inhabitants make a
good Guard all Night, and which ferve them for a de¬
fence againft their Enemies.
As foon as the Dutch arrived in that Road, they fent
a Sloop and a fmall Boat a-lhoar, to buy fome Rice
and other Refrelhments: The Sloop having her lading
of Rice ran aground, becaufe the Water was fallen,
and was forced to flay all Night without getting off;
but the fmall Boat came on board, and gave an account
of what paffed.
In the meanwhile one of the Noblemen cqmplained to
the King, that his Slaves had been killed by fome Men
of the fame Nation, whofe Ships lay now at Anchor,
which was true, and happened laft year, as you may
fee in the Journal of the firft Voyage.
The next day in the Morning, they fent a fmall
Boat to know what condition the Sloop was in, and
why (he tarried fo long. The Sloops Crew told them,
they flay’d only for one or two Oxen the King fent
to the Commander for a Prefent: After that anfwer,
the little Boat mean’d to return on board to give that
advice; but when fhe came to the Barriere, fhe was
fent back to the Sloop.
Such ill ufage obliged the Seamen to take down
the Sloop’s Flag, to give notice to the Ships, that there
was fome Diforder: But the Inlanders fet up the Flag
again, hoping to draw the Ships nearer, and fo make
themfelves Mailers of them: Upon the flop of the Sloop
and the fmall Boat, Commiffioner Shuermans and four
giore, went in a Capou to know what was the matter.
166 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
But as foon as they catne near the (hoar, the Ijlm-
ders made them Prifoners, and took away Sbuennan't
Hat and Sword, all the reft were alfo dilarmed, their
Money taken away, and Come of them ftripc - then they
brought them to the Sloop. The King at the fame
time had fent Men to carry the two Patereroes out of
the fame Sloop, befides the Swords, Bandeleers, and
Powder that was there: But the Prifoners had leave of
the King,- to fend on board three of their Company,
to let thejn know what happen’d; on condition they
(hould come again upon their Parole; and they were as
good as,their word. Upon this News, the Admiral
fent a fmall Boat to the Vice-Admiral, who was be¬
fore ’josrttm, to acquaint him of all things. The
Iflandert of Madare purfued the Dutch Boat with a
Galley, and thought to board her; but the Sloop of
the Utrecht coming to her Succour, the Galley was for¬
ced to retire, and let her go.
The Vice-Admiral having advice of all that had hap¬
pen’d, weighed Anchor, and failed to joyn the Ships
that were before Anfobaya. After his Arrival, many
Propofals were made, and feveral Letters fent on both
fides for feveral days. TheRanfom demanded by the In¬
habitants was extravagant; they demanded the two
biggeft pieces of Canon of the Admiral, a great many
pieces of Woollen Cloth, and Velvet, and a thoufand
pieces of Eight befides.
The Admiral rejeded abfolutely fuch Conditions,
and fent them word, that he could not difpofe of the
Cannon but if they would be contented with a rea-
fonable film of Money, he would give it them. The
Negotiation linger’d three or four days, and the Jflan-
ders were more ittff and nnreafonable than ever.
However the Admiral of Madare, who mean’d to
gratifie the Dutch,. prevail’d that eight or nine Men, and
fhe.Canou (hould be fet at liberty, in order to return
on board the Ships ; but as foon as they were gone,
the Inhabitants were lorry for that Compliance, and
fent the reft of the Prifoners into a Town, where they
were ftri&ly guarded. The next day the greateft part
of them were put into a Cave or Dungeon, at the top
of a Mountain, where they had formerly kept many
Portuguese Prifoners. They had nothing to lay upon
’em but a few Leaves of Trees, and would have ftar-
 to the Eaft-Tndies.
ved, had not one of the King’s Guards fetch’: them
fome Vi&uals from' the neighbouring Villages.
The Admiral held a Council with the Commiffioners
and Matters of Ships, upon advice, that their Coun¬
trymen were ftillon board the Sloop, for they knew
nothing of their Imprifonment. It was refolved to at¬
tempt their Relief, for the Sloop lay ftill at the en¬
trance of the Harbour; and they did not queftion
but they could eafily relieve, and carry off their Com¬
panions, whom they took by a miftake, to be ftill
in the Sloop.
To perform their Defign, they manned three Sloops
and three Boats with 50 Men. As they were
approaching the (hoar, they faw a multitude of Peo¬
ple before the Town, and two Portuguese with little
Banners of Peace, who came to meet them, and tell
them, that the Inhabitants were willing to agree; but
it was only to gain time, to put themfelves in a po-
flureof Defence.
Upon fuch a Propofal 10 Musketeers landed, but
the Inhabitants (hot upon them with their Fufils, and
kill’d four or five of ’em. Then the Vice-Admiral cal-
the reft on board his Sloop, to the end, that all the
Sloops (hould get into the Harbour together, which
they did.
The Sloops and the Boats being near the Town,
the Inhabitants made a Sally by another Gate, to
block them up in the Harbour. The Dutch feeing
their Defign, detatched two fmall Boats to fecure
the Barriere; for if the Ijlanders had made them-
fdves Matters of it, the Dutch would have been catch’d
as in a Net.
Whilft they were skirmilhing one againft another,
the Inhabitants made a Difcharge of their Patereroes
upon the Dutch; they alfo (hot upon them with their
Fufils and Bows, the Arrows falling as thick as Hail;
but all their comfort was, that the Dutch would foon
confume their Gunpowder, and then they would eafi¬
ly matter them. But after all the vigorous Refiftance
of the Enemies, and a terrible Storm happening on a
fudden, made the Dutch retire fooner than they thought
for.
They were gone but a little way, when the Ad¬
mirals Sloop mann’d with 36 Men, and the little Boat
with
 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
with 13. Men on board, over-turned by the violence
and the breaking of the Sea ; but which was more grie¬
vous, the other Velfels could not help nor come at
them, for they had much adoe to fave themfelves in
fuch a great Storm ; fo that a great many Men were
drown’d, or kill’d by the Inlanders.
Thofe who had the good luck to be call: on the fide
where the Renegado of Tuban was, were faved by
his Interceflion, and only made Prifoners. As foonas
they landed, they made them kneel down, and they
put a handful of Sand upon their Head, as a Mark,
that they faved their Life: Bui thofe that were
call any where elfe, were all kill’d without Mercy ;
and they were fo enraged againft the Dutch, that they
leapt into the Water to kill them: So that of all the
Seamen that were in the two Ships, 25 only were left
alive, vi\. 15 of the Admirals Crew, one ol the Sloops,
and nine of the Zealand's.
That fame Evening thePrifoners were brought through
the Town, and lodg’d in a Houfe: They put in
Chains the Trumpeter, and the Corporal, and the reft
were tied together, though three of them were dan-
geroufly wounded. As to their Companions, whom
they attempted to relieve, they had been divided in
two Companies, and transported into feveral places.
Feb. the 6th, tie laft Prifoners were alfo tranfporrcd
into the Cave: They met in their way all their firlt
Prifoners but fix, who were then, upon the remove to
another Prifon. When they arriv’d at the Cave,
the Chains of the Trumpeter, and the Corporal were
took off
The <]th they took them out of the Cave, and tranf-
ported them again into the Town, where the Trum¬
peter and the Corporal were brought one after ano¬
ther before the King, who told the Corporal; if he
would ftay with him in his Service, he would give
him two of his Wives, and be very kind to him.
The Corporal reply’d, that he intended to go onboard
the Ships again with his Companions, and was in hopes
of being releafed by his Captain.
After that they put them , all together, and condudl-
' ed them' through the City, and at the Gate they met
the firlt Prifoners their- Comrades, fo that they were
then
 to the EafMndies. 169
ihen 52, in all* and fo tranfported in a body to a frnall
Ifland, and there ftridly guarded.
On the 8tb the Negotiation about their Ranfom
was renewed, and at laft it was agreed,- that the Dutch
fiiould pay 2000 pieces of Eight, on condition that if
the Prifoners did not come on board all together, they
ihould only pay for them as they were releafed, either in
Woollen Cloth, or in Money, as the Inhabitants pleas’d.
The 14tb all the Prifoners came on board the Ships,
except one, who of his own accord flay’d in the
Town, and another who was not a Prifoner, but hid
hitnfelf; both tarried willingly, and againft the Admi¬
rals Will. The fame day the Vtrccht dilcharged three
Guns, to give notice that all the Seamen were on board,
and about Evening the four Ships put to Sea.
March ihe^d 1599, in the Morning they got into
the Streight- of Amboine, which is very narrow : There
was then a great Calm, during which, the ftrength of
the Current drove them out of the Channel. In the
Evening they arrived upon the Coaft of Amboine, be¬
fore a little Town called Itan.
Amboine is one of the Moluques Iflands, fttuated 24
Leagues to the North-Weft of Banda : It is very fruit¬
ful in Cloves, and all forts of Fruit, as Oranges, Le¬
mons, Citrons, Bananes, Sugar-Canes, and others, which
are there extraordinary cheap. The Inhabitants are
poor, and miferabiy drelfed, as indeed they are in all
the Moluque Iflands. They Trade in nothing but Cloves.
They have Wooden Javelins with an iron Head, made
like a Cramp-iron, which they fling with fo great
dexterity and ftrength, that they can hit a half Crown
piece a great way off: They alio make ufe of Daggers
and Shields.
The pooreft fort amongft them have always a
Knife in their Hand to do their Work with: They make
great Cakes, with Rice, Sugar, and dry Almonds,
which are very good, and flop a Loofnefs: thefe they
fell, or exchange in the neighbouring Iflands. Rice
is a great help to them, for they ufe it for all things;
they make Loavs of ic like Sugar-I.oavs, which they
eat of at Meals.
They fail with Galleys, and are very proud ofthetn.
Their Galleys are fliap’d like a Dragon, and are good
Sailers: they bear Flags and other little Ornaments.
170 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
The Dutch had an opportunity, arid time enough to
view them, when the Admiral of Amboine came to
“vifit their Ships, with three of their bed and fined
Galleys, which they call Camcoores. They were very
well manned with many Men, and with all Warlike
neceflaries for Sea and Land.
He (hew’d in that Vifit, all marks of Rejoycing:
His Men fung, and beat upon copper Bafons, and long
Drums, obferving a Mufical proportion, which they
anfwer’d with their Voices, and their Rowing, and
indeed the whole was pleafant enough.
Each Caracoole or Galley carried three Patereroes,
which they difcharged to honour the Dutch, who al-
fo made a general Difcharge of their Artillery : But
notwithftanding all thefe Civilities, the Dutch flood
upon the Watch, becaufe they had advice, that the
JJlanders had been upon the Guard all Night near the
fhoar, fometimes in one place, fometimes in ano¬
ther.
Their Admiral came on board the Dutch Ships,
and asked them whence they came, and for what Dc-
flgn ; they anfwer’d, they were come to trade, and
for that purpofe had brought with them feveral Mer-
chandile. He was very well pleafed with it, and told
them if they would land, they might trade fairly
with them.
Upon that offer, the Vice-Admiral went a-lhoar the
next day, where the Inhabitants received him very kind¬
ly, and conduced him under a Tent.made with the
Sails of Ships tied to Trees.- Here they had a long Dif-
courfe together.
‘ Many are of opinion, that Amboine is one of the
* Molitqucs Iflands, becaufe it produceth Cloves, and
‘ that they think that Spice grows no where elfe, but
‘ in the Molitqucs : But you muft know, that the three
‘ Klands which Ptolomem call’d SiniLts, viz. Ctlcbe, Gi-
‘ lodo, and Amboine, and thofe by the Portuguese cal-
‘ fed Molitqucs, are not far one from another. The
‘ Mol'uques according to the opinion of ancient Cofmo-
1 graphevs, were comprehended with the Shides, fo that
‘ it may be, the Cloves have been brought from the
‘ adjacent Iflands to Amboine, where the Inhabitants
‘ have learnt to cultivate and improve it.

‘ Amboine
 to the Eaft-Indies. Z7I
* Amboine was formerly untilled and unfruitful, and
the Inhabitants thereof were famous Pirates and Men-
1 Eaters r .Sotne Authors relate, that when their Fa*
‘ thers were grown old to a certain Age, or were very
‘ Sick, they ufed to kill them, and eat them together
‘ in a great Feaft.
‘ That Ifland was difeover’d by the Portuguese in
‘ the year 1515, under the command of Antonio Abreo,
‘ who in Memory thereof ere&ed a Triumphal Mo-
‘nuinent in it: And the reafon why the Portuguese'
‘ have been fo angry with the Dutch, is, becaufe they
1 made an Alliance with the Inhabitants of Amboine,
‘andfo ingrofs’d the whole Trade of that Ifland, and
‘ of all the Moluques.
‘ But the Portuguese to flop their Progrefs, fitted
‘ out in the year 1601, a Fleet of 30 Ships, under the
‘command of Andrew Furtado Monies*, to attack the
‘ Dutch Ships that traded in thofe Iflands: They thought
1 firlt to ruin and deftroy the Dutch, and then to force
1 the IJi.mders to quit their Party, and trade only with
' them.
* But in that time the Dutch had five great Ships in
1 the Harbour of Banda, who after a long and cruel
1 Fight, routed the Portuguese, and put them to Flight:
‘ The Portuguese full of fpire and rage failed into Itan,
‘the capital City of Amboine, and murthered cruelly,
‘and without diftin&ion all the Inhabitants, and pull’d
‘up the Clove-Trees by the Root, that the Dutch
‘might reap no benefit by them. After that, they for-
‘ titled the Intrenchments they had there already, and
‘ polled fo ftrong a Guard all about, that they thought
‘the Dutch would not venture to come in there a-
‘ gain.
‘ The news of this A&ion being foon brought into
'Holland, the States-General fitted out a Fleet of
‘ twelve Ships for the Moltiques} under the command of
‘ Stephen Verhagen. They arrived and call Anchor in
‘the Road of Amboine, the ary?of February, andpre-
‘ fendy it was refolved to attack the Fort of the Por-
'tuguese-, but before the Attack, the Governor of the
‘ Fort fent two of his Men to the Dutch, to know upon
'what account they came before the Fort, which was
‘milled to his Guard by the mighty King of Spain.,
! The Dutch Admiral fent him word he was fent by
‘the
 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
‘ the States-General; and. Prince Maurice, to reduce
‘ the Fort, and the whole Ifland under their Power.
, , ‘ After that Declaration, they advanced near the Fort;
‘ but the Governor having taken a view of the Dutch
‘ Forces, loft courage, and capitulated without any
* refiftance, or difcharging a Gun. By the Articles of the
‘ Capitulation, the Portuguese were to go out of the
‘ Fort with their Arms; thofe that were Marryed,.and
‘ were willing to tarry, (hould fwear to be true to the
‘ States-General, and to Prince Maurice j fome of them
‘ took that Oath and ftay’d.
‘ The Dutch took pqffeflion of the Fort, and fet up
* the Prince’s Colours: They gave to 600 Portuguese
‘ who were in the Fort, two Ships, that the Dutch had
1 taken before at Sea, to carry them where they had a
‘ mind to go. Then they made fome Difcharges of
‘ their Artillery for Joy, and provided the Fort with
* all neceffary Ammunition. Frederick. Hootman was
‘ made Governor of it, and found 30 pieces of Cannon,
‘ and a great deal of Ammunition in it.
March the 6th, the Vice-Admiral landed again with
the Under-Coommiflioners, to fpeak with the Captain
of the Galley, and know of him, whether he could
-find in the Ifland Merchandife enough to lade his
Ships. The Governors of the Country came to meet
him, and after many Compliments, they told him, he
fliould find enough for the lading of two Ships, which
was good hews to the Dutch.
In the Afternoon the Vice-Admiral came on board
again, and brought with him the King of Xemail
Brother, with a great number of their Nobility, who
came to fee the Ships, and admired how they were fo
well provided of ail things. The 8th they gave a
Houfe to the Dutch, to lay in their Merchandife.
‘ The Council of the Fleet feeing that they could
* have but the lading of two Ships in that Ifland,
‘ thought fit to feparate the four Ships ; therefore it
' ‘ was refolved, that the Zealand and the Guelderlad
* fl.ould fail to Banda, and the Amfterdam and the
‘ Vtretch Ihould ftay at Amboine. We (hall firft give
' an account of the two Ships that failed to Bandi
‘and then return to the other two, who after flaying
‘ fome time at Amboine, failed to the Molujucs. By this
‘ means the Reader will have a compleac account cf
 to the Eaft-Indies. m
‘ the Voyage of the eight Ships that failed from Hoi-
‘ land to the Eafi-Indies,
March the nth 1599. the Zealand, and the Guelder land,
failed from Arnicine towards the Illand of Banda,
which they defery’d the sith in the Evening. The
next Night they came to Pido Semn, which lies at
the North-Weft end of Banda, about five Leagues off it.
That Illand is uninhabited, and r.o body dare venture
to live inic, becaufe if we believe the Natives of thd
neighbouring Country, the Devil dwells in it. They
are info greac fear of him, that when their Ships are
obliged to fail near the Illand, they make all the- haft
they can to pafs it.
The 15th, they difeover’d two other final! Illands
about a League and a half to the South- v/eft of Ban¬
da, one named Pido Ttfai, the other Pido [{ion ; and in
the Evening they caft Anchor in the River of Banda.
Prefently feveral Pirogues came on board the Ships,
who told them they fliould find Merchandife enough
to lade their Ships, and ihew’d them at the fame time a
Pattern of Mace, Nutmegs, and Cloves.
On the 16th a S.tbandar came on board to fpeak with
the Admiral, and the 17tl: the Sabandar of the fmall
Town of Or at tan coming likewife on board, the Dutch
offer’d to make him a Prefent, but he refnfed it, and
faid, he would come again the next day. He came
again the next day, and agreed with the Dutch, that
they Ihould pay the value of five Quintals of Macc for
all Rights, Duties, liberty of Trading, Selling, Buy¬
ing , and for a convenient Houfe to lay in their
Merchandife. Having made fuch an Agreement, the
Dutch fent the next day Carpenters to repair and fit
the Houfe, where they tranfported their Commodities
the 23d of that Month.
The fame day the Vice-Admiral failed on the other
Me of the Illand towards a little Town called Hera,
where he hired another Houfe, becaufe he found there
a better Trade than at Orattan.
From the 28th of March, till the 2d of April, they
were bull’d in buying and felling, and they bought a
great deal of Mace and Nutmegs.
On the i,th .of April 1599, they had Letters from
Amboine, in which the Admiral fent them word, that
he could not find Merchandife enough to have his la-
T ding,
174 77;e Second Voyage of the Dutch
ding, becaufe the Inhabitants were in War with the
Portuguese, who were dill in polfeflion of the Fort
mentioned before, which then annoy’d the Ijlanders ve¬
ry much, with a defign to force’ the Dutch to quit
that Country.
The •yth the Inhabitants of Nera prohibited the Dutch
to trade, unlefs they madefome Prefentsto the No¬
bles, and agree with them. Upon that the Commif-
fioner of the Zealand landed, and agreed with them
for 60 pounds of Mace, after which they had leave to
trade freely as before.
All the reft of the Month of April, and during fome
days of May, they unladed Goods, and exchanged them
for Nutmegs and Cloves. The Dutch Commodities were
.. very much fought after, and fold prefently; the Buy¬
ers crowding fo mightily, that there was not enough
for all, and the Seamen were employed all day long in
weighing them.
They gave for a Bar of Mace, which is a hundred
pounds of Banda weight, and 525 pounds of Dutch
weight, 68 Reals of Eight: The Bar of Cloves coll
’em 45 Reals, that of Nutmegs, fix Reals; but the
Natives foon raffed the price of them.
May the 8tb 1599, they killed a Serpent on board
the Zealand, which was eleven Foot long, and eat
it.
The Ifland of Banda lies in 41 Deg. and a hall
South Lat. four and twenty Leagues off Amboint,
There are two other fmall Iflands juft by it, that are
call'd after it by the fame name; fome have writ,
that it is of the figure of a Horfe-Ihoe, and extendi
from North to South, being three Leagues in length,
and a League in breadth. It goes beyond all the other
Iflands in plenty of Nutmegs and Mace.
Nera is the chief Town. The Inhabitants thereof are
always in War with another fmall Town called U-
beraca, which lies but a League off. The occafion o(
that War, which had lafted many years, was becaufe
the Inhabitants of Laberaca had pull’d down fome
Trees in the Territory of Nera ; for that only reafon,
they were fo incenfed one againft another, that the)'
gave no quarter upon any Encounter.
Amongft other Fights, there happened a particular
Gfe, January the 5th 1599, the Laberacians came one
da)

I
 to the Eaft-Indies.
day before New with eight Galleys, where they fought
againft the Neracians, and killed and wounded a great
many. Thofe of Nera refolving to revenge themfelves,
waited fa: an opportunity; and accordingly the 17tb
of the fame Month, they wen: out reinforced by the
Inhabitants of Lontoay, and Pido Wai, and failed with
five Gallies towards a fmall Ifland called PFayer, the In¬
habitants of which were the Confederates of the La-
kracians, and kept a watch every Night at Laba-

The Inhabitants of Neva having landed in the Ifland

of iVayer, murthered all the People they found there,
and took away all the Heads [fring'd in a Rope, as a
Mark of their Vidfory, putting up their Flags, and fi¬
ring their Patereroes for Joy. They took amongft the
Prifoners a Woman, whom they cut in two from the
top to the toe with a Dagger. After that, they ftrutted
about for four or five days, and (hewing their Poniards
ftain’d with the blood of this poor Woman,and applauding
themfelves for the good fuccefsof that Expedition.
They expofed the Heads they had cut off before
the Houfe of the Sabandar, upon a great ftone, that
every body might fee them, as the proofs of their va¬
lour againft their Enemies: And about an hour after,
they wrapped them in a piece of Callico, and lay¬
ing them upon a large Platter, buryed ’em with great
Ceremony, and the burning of a great deal of Frankin-
cenfe.
Their Galleys are but of a thin and flight Timber,
tied together with Cords ; The (ide-boards are a Fa¬
thom diftant one from another.: They take great
care that the Boards fliould be very even, to joyn ex-
adily together, and they joyn them with two pieces
of Timber on bothfides, which isfufficieot to tie and fa¬
llen them together.
They make noufeof Pitch and Tar, but they take
the lhells of the biggeft Nuts, as Calc pas, or Coco-
Nuts, and beat them very well with a Mallet into
Tow, in order to caulk the Veflel. Then they ruband
flop the Holes and Chinks with a Compofition made
with Lime and other Matters, which preferve the Ships
as well as our Pitch and Tar.
When thofe Galleys go to Sea upon any Expedition,
there is fo great a noift; of Out-cries, beating of Drums,
T 3, and
 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
and of Copper Batons, that one would think they are
all Mad. The Nobles who are on board, Jump,
Dance, and play a hundred tricks with their Arms.
On both fides of the Galley there is a Gallery, or
a kind of a Deck made of Rudies, which juts out ve¬
ry near the Water. The Slaves fit upon that Galle¬
ry, two or three in a row : The Oars are like Shovels,
with' which they roiy over their Heads, being divert¬
ed in the mean time by Singing, and beating of Drums,
and Copper Bafons.
By fuch a way of rowing, their Galleys go as fall:
as any Ship can fail with a fair Wind; they are
commonly mounted with two Patereroes, which they
ufe pretty dexteroufly.
The Inhabitants of Banda, and the other adjacent
Iflands, are for the moft part Mahometans, and very
religious obferversof that Profeflion ; for they never
mount or difmount the Guard, without faying their
Prayers in their Church, and without waihing their
Feet; and there is for that purpofe always Water in
great Pots before the Mostly, When they arewalhed,
they go into the Moskey, and fay their Prayers, or
rather they howl and cry fo loud, that you may hear
them a great way oft'. Commonly they fay one word
two or three times over again, and at the end of
their Prayers, they rub gently their Face with their
Hand ; but they have other prayers which they fay
with a low Voice, and after an extraordinary way:
For they fpread upon the Ground a Mat, and (land¬
ing upon it life up their Eyes to Heaven three or four
times; then kneeling down, they lay their Head down
upon the Ground, two or three times. This way of
praying is very ufual amongft them at home, and in the
Moskey, and every where elfe when they pray.
They often feaft in their Churches, and every one
"bringing his diftiof Meat, eat all together. They al-
fo do the fame in a Wood, in the middle of the
Ifland upon a Mountain, where they meet to the num¬
ber of an hundred Perfons at a time. They common¬
ly affemble there, when they mean to confulc toge¬
ther about affairs of State, or concerning their Confe¬
derates, whom they regale after the following manner,
when they come to Neva with their Galleys, to fight
their common Enemies.
Tirft
 to the Eaft-Indies. *77
Firft they all fit down in the middle of the Street,
then they ferve up to each of them upon a Leaf of
Banane, or of a Fig-Tree, a bit of Bread called Saga,
with a little Rice, and Broath over it: They take
that Meat with both Hands, and throw it into thpir
Mouths like Beafts. During the Feaft ,■ two NobTe-
Men divert the Company with Fighting, Dancing and
Jumping, and when they are weary, two more come
to take their place, and fo on as long as the Feaft
Jails.
I told you before, that thofe IJlanders mortally hate
one another, and therefore they keep a ftrong and
ftritft Guard in the Woods, that lie along the Sea
fide, and watch their Enemies to fight them. They
make ufe of a Buckler four foot long, and of a hea¬
vy long Dagger, which they handle very nimbly ; for
the Parents teach their Children to ufe their Arms with
great dexterity.
They have alfo Muskets and Patereroes; and when
they go upon an Expedition, they wear long Jave¬
lins, about a Fathom and a half in length, which they
fling with a juft aim, and with fuch ftrength, that
they may run a Man through. Then they fake their
Daggers in their Hands, and fight with great cou¬
rage.
They make ufe alfo of another Weapon made like
a little Cramp-iron, fattened at the end of a ftick,
and tyed with a ftring. They caft it like an Arrow
againft the Enemy, and draw it in again with the ftring.
They have Head-pieces which they value very much;
thefe are made like Cocks Combs, and at the top of
them is a Bird of Paradife, inftead of Feathers; for
they are very confident that this Bird will preferve
them. ,
Noblemen make ufe of Armour, and think them-
felves very fafe with it againft Blows and Wounds.
In general, they are good and valiant Soldiers , but
implacable Enemies, giving no quarter, and never for¬
giving.
Amongft their Diverfions and Sports, they play migh¬
tily at Foot-Ball, as our Apprentices do here in Win¬
ter time: Some are fo nimble at it, that they will kick
the Ball in the Air with their Foot, and never touch it
with their Hands,
T 3 When
4,78 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
When they die, the Women howl and cry out ter¬
ribly, thinking their Outeries will awake and raife the
Dead : But finding the Dead do not rife, they prepare
a great Feaft, where the Relations and Friends are
invited ; then they all go in ceremony- to the Burial,
which is perform’d after the fame manner as in Hol¬
land, excepting that they have a white Callico Pali.
The Corps are carry’d upon Men’s flioulders, the Men
going before, and the Women behind.
The Corps being buried, they burn Night and Day
Frankipcenfe upon the Grave, and light a Lamp over
it in the Night-time; and the Inhabitants of all Ranks
go every Morning and Evening for feveral Days to¬
gether, to fay their Prayers upon the Tomb. The
Dutch asked them what was the meaning of fuc’n Pray¬
ers, they told them they pray’d to hinder the Dead
to rife again, believing that if they did not pray, the
Dead would certainly rife again.
The People of that Country live to a great Age.
The Dutch frequently faw a Man that was 130 years
old, and feveral above a hundred years of Age : The
Aden are always walking abroad, and the Women are
at home at Work; for befides the Houfe-Work, they
employ themfelves in drying of Nutmegs, and (helling
them.
This admirable Fruit, which is fo much valued,
grows in no place in the World that we know of, but in
the Ifland of Panda, and in a few other fmall neighbour¬
,
ing Iflan'ds, namely, Grattan Gtiimanafa, Waycr, Pulo
MHi, and Pulo PJon. The Tree bears Fruit three
times in the year, t-i'y. in April, Auguft, and Decem¬
ber. April Nutmegs are the belt, and the Crop in
that Month is more plentiful, than in the other two
Months.
'The Nurmcg-Tree is much like a Peach-Tree, on¬
ly the Leaves are fiiorter and rounder. The Fruit is
at firit cover’d with a thick flnell, like a Walnut-fliell;
when it ripens, that (hell ope.tis it felf, and then you
fee " a fine fmooth Skin or Pill which covers the Nut¬
meg, and that Skin is the Flower of it, or Mace:
Next to that thin Skin, you fi.tid another which is har¬
der, and blackith, and much /ike Walnur-ftiells 3 and
when you open this laft lhell, yipu fee the Nutmeg. '

Mace
 to the Eaft-Indies. vj9
Mace is at firft of a fine Scarlet colour, but when
it is ripe it goeth off the (hell, and aflumes an Orange
colour, as you fee it here. They preferve whole Nut¬
megs with Sugar, which make the belt Sweet-Meats
in the Indies, and are much efteem’d.
The Inhabitants of Banda call Nutmegs Palla, and
Mace Buaa Palla: There are two forts of Nutmegs,
fome are long and called Males, others round and red-
ilh, which have a better rafte than the firft. NoFruic
in the World is better to ftrengthen the Brain and the
Memory, to warm theStomack, to fweeten the Breath,
to provoke Urine. It is Sovereign againft Wind, Loofe-
neffes, Head-Ach, Pain in the Stomack, Heat of the Li¬
ver, and ftoppage of the Womb.
Oyl of Nutmegs is an admirable Cordial Mede-
cine: Mace is a fpecial Remedy againft the weaknefs
of the Stomack, it helps Digeftion, confumes ill Hu¬
mours, and drives out the Wind ; it keeps above nine
years good and wholfom : A Plalter made with Mace
and Nutmeg beaten to powder, diluted with Rofewa-
ter, and applied to the Stomack, ftrengthens it migh¬
tily.
This precious Fruit growing only in Banda, and o-
ther fmall Iflands, the Merchants of Java, Malacca ,
China, and from all the parts of the Indies, come to Neea
and other Towns of Banda , to buy Nutmegs and
Mace.
As foon as thefe Merchants are arrived in the Ifland,
they buy a Wife to keep their Houfe, and drefs their
Viiftuals, as long as they tarry there, which may be
two or three Months: And when they go away into
their own Country again, they give the liberty to their
Wife, to go where file pleafes, or they fell her.
‘ The Dutch Eafl-lndia Company hath now (at the
' writing of this Journal) two Forts built in the Ifland
‘ of Banda , the Fort of Najfau, and the Fort Bel-
‘ gic!{_- under which the Ships may anchor at a Muf-
‘ ket-fhot, upon 7,8, and 1 o Fathoms.
‘ The Country is very Hilly. The Government is
‘a kind of a Common* wealth; the Affairs are managed
‘by the Mahometan Clergy, who are mighty ftridfc
‘ and fevere. There is not in the whole Ifland above
‘eleven or 12000 Souls, and about 4000 fighting
I Men.
T 4 They
2,80 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
‘ They trade in feveral forts of Garments which
‘ come from the Coaft of Coromandel; in Rice, Chi-
‘ na Ware, Velvets, Damasks, red Cloth, Fjc, The
e Ammunitions'for the Forts, are imported from other
‘ places. The Inhabitants are couragious, and cannot
* eafily befubdued, but by taking their Jonqv.es which
* bring them Vi&uals.
July id 1599, the Vice-Admiral landed , and took
his leave of the Sabandars and Nobles: He recom¬
mended to them the Dutchmen he intended to leave be¬
hind him in the Illand, and after defiring them to take
them under their Protection, made them feme .Pre-
fents.
The 5th the two Ships put to Sea, they left in Ban¬
da 10 Men with Money and Goods, to buy Nutmegs
and Mace, and to get them ready to Embark, when
the Ships Ihould arrive from Holland.
Deccmb.%tb 1599, about Noon they call Anchor in
the Road of St. Helens, where they ftay’d till the firft
of January 1600. The 1 jt/j of April they arrived at
Dover. Here the Vice-Admiral received Letters from
London. From thence they failed into the Tex el, and
came before Amfterdam, where all the Nutmegs were
expofed in the fight of all the People, who crowded
. from every corner to fee them, and were carried into
the Ware-Houfe. The Nutmegs were fo fine and lb
found, that they made Oyl out of fome of them; and
certainly none were ever brought from Lisbon, that
were fo good. The fmell of them perfumed all the
Houfes about.
I come now to the two other Ships, the Amfterdam
and the Vtretcb, who were left upon the Coaft of
Amboine.
March i<jth 1599, while thefe two Ships lay at An¬
chor before Amboine, two Jonjues of War came there
from Java, with Soldiers on board to the fuccour of
the Inhabitants of Amboine, who defired the Javarians,
to fend them a Reinforcement, in order to render them-
felves Mafters of the. Fort built by the Portuguese,
' becaufe they affronted and difturbed them every
day. Thefe Auxiliary Troops were received in Tri?
umph, and with great Demonftrations of Joy.
On the loth the Dutch landed , and killed with
|heir FnfeeS' many Pigeons as big as our Ducks,
April
 to the Eaft-Indies. z8l
April the i of/;, they made a Bargain with the Natives
for Cloves, paying 3 5 pieces of Eight for a Bar, which
weighs 550 pounds Holland weight. On the r rf/j they
made another Bargain, of having 150 pounds of Cloves
for every Head-piece.
The 13d the Portuguese having attempted to furprife
a fmall Town in Amboinc, had no fuccefs in it, and
loft two Men. The Natives being aware of their De-
iign, affembled together, and marched to fuccour' the
place. Four Dutchmen with the Vice-Admiral’s con-
fent, accompanied them in thac Expedition, and Em¬
barked in the Pirogue of the King of Ternat's Brother.
They took it mighty kindly thac the Dutch went a-
long with them, and wonder'd that they would ven¬
ture to fight foi them, and declare themfelves Enemies
of Spain and Portugal.
In the mean while they continued the Trade in Am-
hine, where they exchanged, their Merchandife for
Gloves, but there was not enough: Rice indeed was
fo plentiful, that they had fixteen pounds weight for
a fmall Looking-Glafs, not worth ten Deniers. Ac
length they failed towards the Moluques, taking along
with them a Gentleman, who faid he was the King’s
Btother. He told them thac the King’s Father had had
aboveyo Wives, befides Concubines, and thac the King
himfelf bad 40.
My the aad, they caft Anchor at 15 Fathoms Water,
before the Ifland of Ternate. The zSth the King came
near the Dutch Ships, bur did not board them. He
invited the Admiral to come on board his Caracore or
Galley, where they had a long difeourfe together by an
Interpreter. The Admiral intreated the King to come
on board his Ship, but the King excufed himfelf, fay¬
ing, that the fealing Ladder was not eafie; upon which
they cover’d ic prefently with Woollen Cloth, but he
faid ’twas coo late, and the Sun being almoft down,
'twasthe time of faying his Prayers.
The next day he came again near the Ships with 3%
Caracores, very neatly built, and well manned, mount¬
ed with above a 100 Pacereroes all of Brafs: All thefe
Galleys rowed three times round about the Dutch Ships,
as in a Triumph, making a great noife by their Sing¬
ing, and heating of long Drums, and Copper Bafons.

The
a8i The Second Voyage of the Dutch
The Dutch confidering all thefe Motions, an.d fear¬
ing fomeTreafon, got their Cannons, Musketf;' Pikes,
and other Arms ready. Part of the Seamen were poll-’
ed under, and the reft upon the Decks, that they might
be ready in cafe the Ijlanders ihould attempt any
thing; but only the King’s Galley approached the
Ships: However being invited to come on board the
Dutch Ships, he refufed it ftill, and fent only one of
his Captains, who had fome difcourfe with the Admiral,
by the help of an Interpreter.
On each fide of the Royal Caracore, was a Gallery
made of Rulhes like a Scaffold .whereupon fat the Slaves
two in a row rowing, their Oars were made like Shovels.
They never row without having their Arms by them,
that is, their Buckler by their fide, and their Javelins
before them.
About the Evening the Kings Caracore and another
Galley drew near the Ships: The King commanded
the Galley to turn her Pirogue a drift, which (he did,
and then he defired the Dutch Admiral to let off one Can¬
non upon the Pirogue; the Gun (hot true, and the King
was extreamly pleafed, faying, if the Cannon had
been (hot upon the Galley, it would certainly have
made a hole in her.
The next day that Prince fent a Galley on board
the Dutch Ships, to give them notice that he was a
coming himfelf. Accordingly he came with three of
his Noblemen in a Pirogue fattened to a Galley, which
furprifed the Dutch. The King did not go prefenrly
on board the Dutch , but got into his Galley , and
from thence fpoke to the Dutch, and put feveral odd
queftions to ’em.
■May the laft, a deadly noife was heard in the V-
tretch about Midnight, and the Diforder was fo great,
that the Officers were obliged to go out of the Ship,
and every body thought that fome Spirit was got into
her.
June the id 1599, the Dutch landed, and made
fome Prefents to the King. The 1 ith in the Evening,
that Prince came near the Ships again, but would not
go on board. However feeing a fine Musket all gib,
he asked the Dutch to give it to him ; accordingly they
prefentedittohim, but he would needs pay for it;

The
 to the Eaft-Tndi.es, 285
The \%th the Ijlanders began to carry on board
fome Cloves, and exchanged them for fmall pieces
of Glafs, much like thofe our Mountebanks make
ufe of to play their tricks with, which are not worth
above a penny. They had a Bar of Cloves which
weighs 620 pounds Holland weight, for 600 of thofe
pieces of Glafs.
July the <yth, they fetled the price of a Bar of Cloves,
at 54 Reals of Eight per Bar. The Bar weighs at Tcmate
600 pounds, and 500 at Amboine.
The Moliujues Iflands produce every year about
4700 Bars of Cloves.
At laft July the 25tb, the King came on board the
Amjlerdam, and viewed her very narrowly. He deli-
red the Admiral to leave fome of his Men in the I-
fland : .Every thing pleaied him in the Ship j he went
in the Kitchin and admired the Bellows, with which
he blew in his own Mouth like a Mad-Man.
The 28tb he came on board again, and vifited the
Ship as curioufly, as if he had had a mind to buy
her. All this while he defigned to keep fome of the
Dutch in his Service, but none of them had a mind
to flay behind.
Augufl the 2id, the King came on board the Ship
again, and made fome Propofals about the new Crop
of Cloves. That gave him an opportunity to obtain
what he wiflied fo much for: For the Dutch left five
Men and a Boy in the Ifland to buy new Cloves, accor¬
ding to the Treaty they made with the King, in or¬
der to keep a flock of Cloves till the Dutch Ships
fhould come again. Among thofe who flay’d in the
Ifland, was Francis Fander Does, Cofin of Verdoes, the
great Bailiff of Amflerdam.
This valuable and noble Fruit call’d Cloves, grows
no where elfe, but in the Ifland of Amboine, the Mo-
fopes Iflands, which are five in number, and the I-
flands of Meao, Cinomo, Cabel, and Marigoran. The
Indians call Cloves Calafar, and the Inhabitants of the
Molujues call it Chink?.
The Trees which bare Cloves, are much like our
Laurel Trees, only the Leaves of the Clove-Tree are
n little narrower, and refemble the Leaves of Almond-
Trees, and Willow-Trees ; the very Wood and Leaves
fall as ftrong as the Cloves themfelves.
. ' • . - Thefe
 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
Thefe Trees bear a great quantity of Branches
and Flowers, and each Flower never fails to bring
forth a Clove. The Flowers are air firft white, then
green, at laft they grow red and pretty hard, and are
properly the Cloves. While they are green , they
have a fmell fo fweet and fo comfortable, that it is be¬
yond all the fineft fmells in the World.
When they are dry they are of a brown yellow
colour, but when gathered, they affume a fmoky black
colour. They don’t gather them one by one, as they
do other Fruit; but they tie a Rope to the Bough, and;
fo {trip it out by force. That hurts the Tree for the;
next year, but the year after, it bears a great deal;
more. Others beat the Trees with long Rudies, as
we do Walnut-Tree, and the Cloves fall down; and
commonly the Tree bears more Fruit than Leayes,
They grow with little Stalks, hanging on the Tree
like Cherries: They fell them with thefe Stalks, Dirt,
and Dull together to the Indians; but the Cloves that
are tranfported to Holland, Portugal, and to Europe, ate
clean and without Stalks.
If you leave them on the Tree without gathering
them, they grow thick, and called the Mother of
Cloves. The Javansfe value thefe more than others;
but the Dutch choole rather to buy the leaft. They
never trouble themfelvcs to plant Clove-Trees, for the
Cloves that fall on the Ground, produce enough of
them; and the Rain make them grow fo fall, that
they bear Fruit when they are eight years old, and
continue it for above a hundred years.
Some are of the opinion, that Clove-Tree's do not
grow well on the Sea fide, nor when they are too fat
from the Sea : But many Seamen who have been in
the Idand affure me, that they grow very well every
where ; whether a great way off the Sea, upon Motnr
rains, in the Valleys, or near the Sea fide.
They men from the latter end of Auguft, to the begirt'
ning of 'January. Nothing groweth about them, no Graft
no Green, nor Weeds, &c. for dieir Heat draws in
all the Nouriihment and Moifture of the Ground: Clove;
themfelves are very hot. If you lay a Sack of Gloves
upon a Veffel full of Water, you will find in a little
while fome of the Water wafted, but the Cloves art
not the worfe for it. Leave a Pitcher full of Water
 to the Eaft-Indies.
in a dole Room where you clean Cloves,and the heat of
[he Air willconfume all the Water in two days time, tho’
the Cloves are removed. China Silk hath the fame
vertue; for if you lay it in a Room, one or two
Foot above the Ground, and water the Floor all over,
provided the Water don’t touch the Silk, the next day
the Silk will have fuck'd in all the Water. The Indi-
mi will ufe that trick to make the Silk heavier.
The preferve Cloves in Sugar, and they are extra-
dinary good; they alfo pickle them : Many Indian
Women, and the Portuguese of late, chaw Cloves to
have a fweet Breath. They diftil Clove-Water out
of them, when they are green, which is Phyfical, and
of an excellent fmell. That Water is admirable to
lengthen the Sight, by pouring a drop or two into
your Eyes.
Powder of Cloves laid upon the Head, cureth the
Head-Ach; if taken inwardly, it provokes Urine, helps
Digeftion, is good againft a Loofenefs, and drunk in
Milk, will make one Sleep.
The Ifland of Ternate affords but few Provifions, it
has no Cattle but Kids, and there groweth no Rice,
nor other Corn in it to make Bread with: But they
have a fort of a Tree which they cleave in the mid¬
dle, and beat the Pith of it with a Mallet, for then a
Subftance comes out of it, much like Saw-duft, and
they make Bread of it, which they call Saga. This
Bread is very white, and made in little fquare Cakes:
The Inhabitants trade chiefly in it, for any thing they
fell or buy, is paid in Bread.
Out of the Boughs of that fame Tree, there runs a
Juice called Tuacam, which they drink commonly, for
iis very wholfom, and of a good tafte.
The fame Ifland affords no Fifh neither, but hath
plenty of Coco-Trees and Bananes, Oranges and Le¬
mons, and prodigious quantities of Cloves. The I-
imders dare not fell Palm-Tree-Wine publickly, be-
caufe their Law forbids them to drink of any'; fort.
But when the Dutch had a mind to drink fomej they
'vent privately into a Houfe, where they were; fure
they could find fome; for although there is no Inn
uor Tavern, as in Bantam, yet every one may fed
what he hath, and you may buy it with Money, or by
way of Exchange. Many of the Inhabitants never
heard
 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
heard of Money, but thofe who know it, love it dear,
ly. They drefs Fife very well, becaufe they don't
Ypare Spice.
They have few Fowls, but abundance of Parrots,
which are red over the Back, with fmall yellow Fea¬
thers in the Fore-Wings: They are leffer than thofe
of the Weft-Indies; but they learn to fpeak very well,
The Surgeon of the Amfterdam had one, who fung
and fpoke admirably well; you may buy oneforaglafs
Bottle of a Groat value, and fell it for five Piftoles at
Amfterdam,
They have plenty of Birds of Paradife, and thofe
very cheap. -The Portuguese call them Paraxns delSd,
Birds of the Sun, or Birds of God. Some are of tb
opinion, that no body ever faw them alive, and that
they dye as foon as they come in that Ifland: That
they live upon the Air, never ftand on the Ground,
fly always towards the Sun, and that they have no
Feet; but others affirm, they have Feet as other Birds
which thofe that take them cut off, and dry the Birds in
the Sun.
Thefe IJhnders love Colours dearly, and efpecially
the Crimfon Red. They have all their Provifions, and
other Neceffaries from Bantam. All the Eaft-In&i
are well Inhabited; but the Iflands of Ternate and
Banda, are more populous then Amboine ; the heat be¬
ing exceflive in this laft Ifland, though a fine and
good Country.
There is abundance of Almonds, and thofe bigger
than ours in Ternate. The Ihells are very hard, and
the Smiths burn them, for they make a very Iharf
fire. You find in each (hell, two or three long A1
monds. Tobacco groweth alfo there, but not fo wel
and fo good as in the Weft-Indies. The Slaves fmoaS
it, and find it cooling and wholefom.
The Inhabitants of Ternate are of a good and fwec
temper, but naturally enclined to beg. The Kin|
faimfdf and the Nobles, are inclined to it. They ab
hor Robbery, and whoever is found guilty of it, i
condemned to dye. A young Boy having ftoln twi
leaves of Tobacco, was put in Prifon, and his twi
Hands being tied behind his Back, he was brought a
long thi Streets, and all the Children following the Boy
cry’d out. Thief, Thief, They hate mortally the Pc
 to the Eaft-Indies. 487
tugue%e, and give them no quarter, where-ever they
meet with them;
July the loth 1599, while the Dutch continued at
Anchor before Ternate, the Inhabitants embarked for
Udore, an Ifland which belongs to the Portuguese,
where they furprifed a Village, killed three Men, and
carried off 43 Prifoners, and amongft them the Kings
Nephew; the Ears of thofe they killed, they ftuck
upon their Swords and Bucklers. This Nephew was
a young Man, about zi years of Age, he was brought
before the King of Ternate, who having examined him,
font him back with a Rope about his Neck. When
he was by the water fide, they bid him to wafh his
Hands j and while he ftoop’d to do it, they gave him
a great blow upon the Back with a Dagger, and
threw him down on the Ground; then they gave him
another blow, which cut him through the middle.
After that they tyed his Body to a Pirogue, and let the
Pirogue go a drift into the Sea.
They make ufe of Wooden Javelins, which they
caft very nimbly, belides Daggers, and Wooden Buck¬
lers. Some have Muskets and Fufils, but they can
get none but what they take from the Portuguese.
They have Gladiators or Fencers called Ba\eleiers,
who wear a Head-piece, and a Bird of Paradife on
the top. When they fight they ftand upon one Foot,
to be ready to jump upon their Enemy, who alfo
jumps back always upon one Foot, and this they do
with great nimblenefs and dexterity. They are migh¬
ty proud of it, and would continually challenge the
Dutch to fence with them, offering to fight one againft
fix: Indeed a Dutchman offer’d to fight againft one
with a Sword and Dagger, but they would not ac¬
cept of the challenge. The IJlanders fight only a Dag¬
ger, as broad at the end, as at the Handle, and hold a
long Shield in the left Hand.
They wear a kind of a Callico Coat, very wide
Breeches of the fame, and fometimes of Silk : when
the Women goabroad, they wear a piece of Callico over
their Head.
The Ifland of Ternate is about eight Leagues in
circumference , the Ground is hilly, and affords very
good Well-Water. The City of Gamma Lamma,
where the King refides, is by the Sea fide, having but
one
i8 8 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
one long Street, not paved. The greateft part of the
Houfes are built of Rudies, and the others of Wood,
efpecially the Churches. There is no Road before
that Town where Ships can Anchor, becaufe there
is no depth, and the Ground is ftony. The Fidiermen
go to catch fmall Fifh upon the Shelves at low Water;
but when they go to fi(h for great ones, they throw the
fmall Filhes into the Water, to decoy the great Ones,
and fo catch them with a Line. They alfo make ufe
of Baskets to ketch them, which they let down to the
bottom, and after a while when they fee any in it,
, a Man leaps into the Water and fetches it up. One
would think it impoflible to fee Fifh in a Basket, fix-
teen Fathoms under Water; but you muft know that
the Water is fo clear, that you may eafily fee Anchors
very deep, and the Fifh fwiming.
The Inhabitants have run out a ftone Peer before the
Harbour, with a narrow Mouth, to prevent their be¬
ing furprifed. The Dutch were obliged to call Anchor
between Ternate and Tidore, before a Burrough called
lelingamma.
Half a League off that Burrough, lies a fmall Town
called Maleyo, which is walled about with ftones
pretty high, to defend themfelves againft the Porta-
gite^e.
The King of Ternate was a ftrong big Man, about
36 years of Age; he was of apleafant merry humour,
and very curious to learn any new thing ; for he lov¬
ed always to do and imitate what he faw others
do.
One day the Dutch to divert him, threw 30 or 40
Squibs, which he was fo pleafed with, that he came
the next Morning on board, to learn how to make
them, and how to throw them. When he thought he
knew it, he went about to work ; and believing that
with two or three handfuls of Powder, he could blow
up a great Tree ora Beam, he was not at reft till he
try’d it, in the following manner.^
There was a great Beam before his Palace, in the
midft of which he made a hole two Inches broad, and
after filled it up with Powder, ftopt the hole, and fet
fire to it. The Beam fplic in two pieces, which pleas’d
the King mightily.

He
 to the Eaft-lndies. 2.8^
He was a great Warriour, for he made vigorous
attacks upon his Enemies, and espofed himfelf every¬
where. This he (hewed in the Expedition again ft the
Inhabitant of Tidore, where he threw himfelf into the
Water to board his Galley, and after that behaved
himfelf with fuch courage, that he did Wonders.
He loved extreamly to be upon the Water, and paf-
fed themoftpartof his time in his Galley, where he
had a fine Bed a’ll over gilt: That Prince was never'
idle, for he was always doing one thing or another.
He would fometimes fend for the Dutch Pilot, who
fliew’d him John Huygens Travels, and made him un¬
derhand, as well as he could, the Maps and Figures
that were in the Book. The King took fo much plea- .
lure in this, that he ufed to keep him a long while,
and put feveralqueftionstohim.
Although he was very familiar with the Dutch, he
kept his Rank and Gravity with his Subje&s, who
had a great refpedt for him. His Noblemen and Cap¬
tains, and the Embalfadors never appeared in his pre-
fence, without holding up and down.their Hands conti¬
nually.
The Courtiers wear fiik Stuffs, and fine Callicoes,
their Breeches are very broad,after the Portuguese mode:
The wear Doublets made of Callico, or Cloth made
with the Bark of Trees, extraordinary well wrought.
In fhort, the Inhabitants are a good and honeft Peo¬
ple, and withal, more ingenious, and better humour’d,
and fairer dealers, than thofe of AH the Cap¬
tains are old and venerable Men, with long grey Beards.
The King hath about 30 Camcores or Galleys, fome of
them mounted with four, and fome with fix Patereroes;
fome hath 40, fome 50, and fome 60 Rowers. He had
40 Wives in all, and kept always fome in each Bur-
rough or Town.
He was very Religious in his Way, never failing
to go to Church at the time appointed. When he
went to Church, a young,Bay marched before him
with a Kid for the Sacrifice, and a Dagger over his
Shoulder: next to him went a Company of Soldiers,
after them a Prieft with a Cenfer; then the King walk¬
ed after the Prieft, being followed by another Company
ot Soldiers with flying Colours.

U Before
290 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
Before every Mofrjttey there ftands Veffels full of Wa¬
ter to vvalh their Feet and Hands in, before they go
into the Church. Within the Church they kneel down
upon a Mat or a Carpet.
There is in the Mofquey a Pulpit cover’d with white
Stuff: There is alfo an Inftrument like a Drum, which
they beat to call the People to Church, where they
meet conftantly every Friday. When they are all af-
fembled, the Preacher, who is alfo the School-Mafter,
comes. The Dutch went to fee him at his Houle, and.
in his School, and faw before the Houfe a Board hang¬
ing out , whereupon were written their Characters and
Letters, which indeed are very .odd.
They faw likewife a kind of Tower or high Build¬
ing, wherein hangs a Bell without a Clapper, which
they beat when ever any Accident or Invafion hap¬
pens. As foon as they beat the Bell, all the Inhabi¬
tants aflemble together well armed, and if it is for
any Expedition at Sea, 40 Caracores are ready in
two hours time. They alfo faw many brafs Guns in
the King’s Palace, and Bullets, but they could fee no
Gunpowder.
When an Eclipfe of the Sun or the Moon happens,
the Natives make great Howlings and Outcries, be¬
ing perfwaded, that the King or fome of his Relations,
or chief Officers, will certainly die: But if after the
Eclipfe no ill accident happens, they make a great
Fcaff, and a Proceffion after their manner. The Dmcii
faw that Ceremony ; and when they told tlte Ijhnkn
that they knew exadly the Day , and the Minute
when an Eclipfe of the Sun or the Moon would hap¬
pen, they thought it was impoflible, and lookt upon it
as a Miracle.
The Inhabitants of Termite, and other neighbouring
Towns are Mahometans, and Circumcife their Children
with great Ceremony.
They drink no Wine, and the reafen they give for
it, is as fabulous as ’ris ridiculous : God, fay they, fen:
every day two of bis Angels to Mahomet, who helped
him in all things that lervcd to eftablifh his Religi¬
on. One day Mahomet and the two Angels were in¬
vited to a Feaft by a fine Woman, who wanted to
fpeak witli rbem ; they went to the Feaft, and drunk
fo much Wine, that they were all Drunk. Then fe
offer’d
 to the Eaft-Iridies.
offer’d to lie with them, on that condition, they iliould
learn her a Prayer to make her go to Heaven, and
tome down upon Earth again when ihe would.
But when (he was got into Heaven, God who knew
the Sin (he had committed, commanded his Angels to
take her by the Hair, and tranfport her-to a Cave
near Babylon, where (he ihould hang up till the day of
Judgment; and the Wine being the occafion of that
Sin, Mahomet forbid the ufe of it for the future.
The Moluqite Elands are five in number, as I faid
before, and they produce the belt Cloves; for the
Cloves that grow in the Hands of Meao, Marigoran,
Sinomo, Cabel, and Amboine, are not fo much valued,
nor indeed to be compared with thefe. All thefe
Iflands are under the Dominions of the King of Ter-
me, except Tidore, Baffian, and Marigoran, which the
Portuguese have invaded.
Meao lies at the Weft of Ternate, and hath a very
good Harbour, where the Inhabitants of Mindcnao, a-
nother great Eland nor far from thefe, ufed to lie at
Anchor to avoid the attacks of the ■ Portuguese. The
King of Tcmate hath all his Galleys built, and fitted
out in Meao.
The King of B.tjfun keeps his Court in the Hand
of Marigoran. The principal Forces of the Portuguese
in the Molurjues, were then in the Eland of Tidore;
the King of which was the Uncle of the King of
Pemate, who is the moft confiderable King of all the
Iflands about.
The hatred the Inhabitants have conceiv’d againft
the Portuguese, is not ro be appeas’d, becaufe 34 years'
leforc the Dutch came there, they had tyrannized 0-
ver this prefent Kings Father after a moft cruel man¬
ner, as I will tell you hereafter; and for that reafon
they were turned out of the whole Eland. , .
The Portuguese had built many good Edifices in that
place, particularly as the Caftle, where the King lives
now, St. Pauls Church, a Convent of Dominican Fry-
on, a Baftion lined with Stone-work, and three or.
four good Stone Honfes.
The China Merchants who had traded formerly. to
Ternate, were turned out by the quarrels they had
with the Portuguese ; fo that then there came but a few
to the Eland. As ro' the Inhabitants of Mindenao;
Ti t they
 The Second Voyage of the Dutch
they had made an Alliance with the King of Termite,
and hated mortally the Portuguese, being always ready
to march againft them.
‘ The Inhabitants of the Moluqties arc very lazy,
‘ and love fo much their £afe and Pleafure, that they
‘ are feldom at Work; for their Slaves and Servants
‘ do all the Work : They live upon the great qaanti-
‘ ties of Cloves that grow there, for they have noo-
‘ tber Trade, and no Manufacture. They have no
‘ Houlhold-ftuff, but Earthen Pots and Pans, and fome
* Mats upon which they fit and lie.
‘ Their Slaves built Houfes of Timber and Rulhes,
£ with nothing elfe, not fo much as a Nail in them.
* Their Clothes are decent, and pretty well made, of
‘ light Stuffs, and cheap; but the Country is fo hot,
* that they have no need of warm Clothes to defend
‘ them from the Cold : The young Men wear upon
‘ their Head pieces of Callico made in Treffes, and
* woven in the figure of a Crown, and in the Holy-
‘ Days they adorn them with Flowers.
' The Men purfume their Cloaths to pleafe their
' Wives, of which they have as many as they pleafe,
‘ and are fo jealous of them, that they invite no body
‘ into their Houfes; they never (ee them before they
* are married.
‘ The Women are of a middle fize, their Hair is
‘ put up in Treffes, and tyed about their Head. They
‘ are ot a pleafantand merry humour, and though they
e are kept very ftriCt, they arc very brisk, and not at all
‘ fcrupulous. They fpin Cotten, and weave Callicoes.
‘ The poorell fort fell dry Fifh, Fowls, JBananeS, Su-
* gar-Canes, and other Commodities in the Market.
£ You feldom fee any other Women abroad.
‘ The Inhabitants of the Mohujucs, are the beft Sol-
£ diers of all the Iflands; they fcorn to fly before their
‘ Enemies, and will will fight with great courage. They
4 think ids a great honour to die in a Fight, and to re-
£ fift their Enemies to the laft extremity.
‘ They have no Money, for all their Riches confifts
‘ in Cloves; and with that they may purchafe all Ne-
e ceflaries. Their Language is different from that of the
£ other Indian}, and they have the lame Characters for
[ Writing, as the Arabians.
 to the Eaft-Indies. 193
, ‘ Thefe Iflands were difcover'd by the Portuguese
( in the year 1515, under the command of Francifco
, de Serra. And in the year 1520, Ferdinand Magella-
4 wq\ a great Mariner, being difoblig’d with Emanu-
\el King of Portugal, his native Prince, was the.firft
who landed there, in the name of the Emperor Charles
‘ the Fifth. He failed to thofe Iflands through the
‘ Streight which he difcover’d on the Weft fide, and
‘ which was called by his Name, the Streight of Ma-
‘ gellan.
‘ The King of Female is Mafter of all thefe Iflands,
‘ a few excepted. Pidorc and Bafftan have their Kings.
‘ The King of Pernatc is fo abfolute, that when he go-
‘ eth to War, all his Subjects are obliged to march
‘ with him at their own cofts.
' There is but a few Cattle in the Moluqttes, feme
‘ Buffles they have, and yet fewer Goats; but they
‘ have abundance of wild Boars, becaufe they are for-
‘ bid by their LaW to eat any. There is a Mountain
‘ in thofe Iflands which throws out Fire and Allies,
1 elpecially in the Spring and Autumn, when the Wind
‘ is Northerly.
‘ The Moluqucs were the occafion of a great Dif-
1 puce betwixt the Spaniards and the Portuguese, in the
‘ year 1520, and many years after : But the Portuguese
‘ were at Lift too hard for them, having turn’d them out
‘ of thofe Iflands, fetlcd there, but were put out rhetn-
‘ fclves in a little while after. The IJlanders hated
‘ them mortally, and the Dutch feeing them fo incen-
‘ fed againft the Portuguese, improv'd that opportuni-
‘ ty to the belt advantage. They incouraged theNa-
‘ tives, and gave them Lome Succours^ agatnft them;
‘ fo that at laft the Portuguese were forced to retire,
‘and quic the Iflands. “By that_ means the whole
‘ Trade of the Moluqttes remained in the hands of the
‘ Dutch, who made rhemfelves Mailers of that Country,
‘ for the IJlanders have but little or no power. The
‘ Dutch being in pofleffion of the Harbours, and of the
‘whole Trade, fortified the nfelves lo well, that now
‘ they fear none of the Inhabitants, nor any foreign
‘ Power.
The Dutch having left behind them five Men at
Pornate, as I faid before, the King. came on board the
Ships to take his leave, and ftiew'd them great De-
U 3 monftrations
194 ?he Second Voyage of the Dutch
xnonftrations of Affeftion and Gratitude ; faying, that
'twas God Almighty who fent into his Country fo
good and honeft Men, who agreed fo weil with his
humour.
When they told him that the Portuguese and their
King had hired a Man, who came into their Princes
Palace, and murthered him in the middle of his Cour¬
tiers ; the King told them alfo, that the fame Portu¬
guese had cut in pieces the King his Predeceffor, had
falted him, and tranfported him to Malacca ; a piece
of Barbarity, that obliged him and his Succeffors after
him, to look out for Vengeance.
In parting with them, he defired the Dutch to make
a general Difcharge of the Cannon, and was very much
pleafed with it: He had with him a Portuguese Rene¬
gade, who was a very cunning Man, and in great fa¬
vour with the King. The Dutch courted him migh¬
tily, and made him fome Prefcnts, that he might pro-
red the Dutch who were left behind in that Ifland.
Auguft the ir)th 1599, the two Ships, the Amftcrdam
and the Vtrccht weighed Anchor, and failed out of
Tornate. The 3 of/j they came in fight of the Ifland
Ob.-t, the 6th of Sep. touched at' the Southerly end of
it. In the Weft of Oba there areTo many fmall Iflands,
that you can hardly tell them all; and fo many
Shelves, that the Ships were often in great danger.
Thefe Iflands lie two Deg. South of the Line. The
1 oth of the fame Month, a Cheefe of feven pounds
weight was fold on board the Amftcrdam for twelve
Florins and ten pence.
Novemb. the 13th 1599, after they had fuffer’d much
through Hunger, and other Inconveniencies, they ar¬
rived at Jacatra, and that, very Night the Inhabitants
brought fome Rice on .board; then they gave thanks
to God Almighty, who had delivered them from Hun¬
ger. The 16th they failed into a River of frelh Wa¬
ter, where they took in their Provifion of it, and
bought a great quantity of Arecca and Rice of the
pinna-Merchants, at five Deniers a pound.
On the 17^0 they failed towards 'Bantam, and met-
by the way two Ships of Zealand, named the long
'Baty and' the' S.w, who had flay’d eight Months in
the Road of Pint am. They had fo good fuccefs in
Trading, and'exchanging their Commodities that they
* " ' ' yyere
 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
could live there, for they (aw no Trees nor Herbs,
nor any thing they could eat. There is a world of Sea-
Cobs in that place, whjch you may kill with a Stick.
They took forme Tortoilcs,which they brought on board,
and which were fo monltroufly big, that ipme of them
weighed as near as they could guel’s, above 400
pounds.
The laft of May in the Evening, they put to Sea
again, and after a long Voyage, and the misfortune
of a great Sicknefs amongft the Seamen for want of
Provifions, the two Ships landed in the Tcxel, where
they were unladed, and came afterwards to Amfter-
dam : So that all the eight Ships arrived fafe in Hol¬
land, one after another.
 297

An Account of the

V OYA GE
Of Five Rotterdam SHI PS3
which failed June the 27th 1J98.

TO THE

Streight of Magellan-,
From whence Sebald De Veert, Captain of
the Ship the Faith, failed the zrft of Ja¬
nuary to return into Holland, and arrived
in the Maefe July i\th 1600.

T H E United Provinces being pcrfwaded that their*'

Navigation to the Eaft-Indies, contributed very
much to the Profperity and Welfare both of the
publicfc State and of private Perfons, refolved to fend
fome Ships to the Streight of Magellan. In purfuance
of this Refolution, the City of Rotterdam fitted out five
Ships; one of them named the Hope, of 500 Tuns,
had 130 Men on board, James Mohu the Admiral of this
little Fleet being aboard of her.
The id Ship named the Love of 300 Tuns, was
manned with jto Men, Simon de Cordes Vice-Admiral,
Commander.
The 3d, called the Faith of 320 Tuns, with 100
Men, was commanded by Girard Van Leningen.
The 4fh was named Fidelity of 220 Tuns, with 86
Seamen, Jurien Van Bockbolt Captain,
The
 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
The yh was a Yatch called the Merry Meffcnger of
150 Tuns, and manned with m Men, under the Com¬
mand of Captain. Sehald de Vccrt.
Thefe five Ships were well provided with all manner
of Provifions and Ammunition; with Cannon, Money,
Merchandife, Goods, and all Neceflarics for a long
Voyage.
June the 17 th 1598, the Fleet failed out of the
Channel of Goerce ; but the Wind being contrary, fhe
was forced to lie at Anchor in the Downs, upon the
Englijh Coaft, till the 1 yh of July. Then the Wind
being fair, they put to fail again; and having con-
fumed part of their Provifions, the Commanders had
taken care to take in more, for fear of want.
At firft theShips went right before the Wind, but
it was very uncertain, fometimes fair, fometimes con¬
trary and ftormy. There happen’d nothing remarka¬
ble in their paflage, till the t itb of Auguft in the E-
vening, at which time they difeover’d in the Latitude
of the Cape of St. Vincent four Sail, one ot them be¬
ing a Sp.viifh Bark ; the Dutch thinking they were all
of the fame Nation, failed towards them.
As foon as they perceiv’d the Dutch Ships tack a-
bout, they divided into two of each fide, the Dutch
Admiral carrying all the fail he could, came within a
Cannot ihot of the biggeft Ship, and fir'd a Gun to
make her ftrike. At length a Fog coming on he fell
in with their Admiral, who was on board a Yatch;
and then being inform’d they were Englijh Ships, he
left them, and continued his courfe, thinking the other
three Dutch Ships were failing after him.
However Sehald de Vccrt Captain of the Dutch Yatch,
who in the Evening had received an order from his
Admiral, to chafe the Flag of the four Ships they had
met with, feeing that his Admiral himfelf had 11,ot at
her, and that Ihs alio Shot at the Admiral; alter all this I
fay, he fa v his Admiral changing his courfe without
giving any Signal, and could not guefs the reafon of
it, unlefs it were, that he tacked about to look for his
Sloop, which he had fent out to fpeak with the E,-i-
glijh Yatch, and which could not joyn him by rea-
fon of the Fog.
So that the Dutch Yarch far from following his Admi¬
ral,failed towards the Englijh Yatch, and having got the
Wind
 to the Streights of Magellan. 299
Wind of her, gave her a Broad-fide, and continued
(hooting at her till break of Day, when the Vice-Ad¬
miral Simon de Cordcs, and Captain Bockjtolt came, and
forced the Englifk Ship to ftrike fail. After which,
they immediately fentouta Sloop to bring the Com¬
mander on board.
When it was Day-light, the Dutch Admiral feeing
himfelf alone without his Ships, failed back to meet
them. Then he lent for the Engh'fh Commander on
board of him, and made him many Excufes for the Ac¬
cident that happened againft his Intention, which was ■
occafion’d by the Spanifh Bark, that made the Dutch be¬
lieve that the other Ships were alfo Spanifh.
The Dutch had diftributed fo large Shares of Bisketto
their Seamen, that they could not eat it, but filled
their Chefts and Casks with it. The Officers having
notice of this, refolved in a Council, to reduce the
proportion to half a pound a day for each Man, and
three final! Meafures of Wine, that is, three Cans for
eight Men, per diem. But they made no alteration in
the proportion of Fiffi, Meat, Broath, &c.
July the igth, during the firft Watch the Wind be¬
ing North-Eaft, four of the Dutch Ships were got too
near the Coaft of Barbary, for they had but twelve
Fathom Water when they faw the Coaft; and the
Wind being ftrong they could not make the Sea, but
were forced to anchor at feven, eight, and ten Fa¬
thom Water; and Captain Van Beningcn anchor’d on¬
ly at five Fathom, fo that his Ship was in great dan¬
ger ; at laft in the Day-time the Ships got off, and
continued their courfe. The Admiral had failed all
Night without cafting Anchor, becaufe he haddifeover-
ed the (hoar in time.
The carelefnefs of the Pilots having expofed the Fleet
to a great danger, the Admiral called on board his
Ship all the Officers and Matters, who refolved, that •
each Pilot fkould bring to his Captain his Obfervati-
or.s twice, or at lead once a Week, with the Maps,
to compare them together.
Augufl the laft, they were in fight of St. Jago, one
of the Elands of Cape Vert, or the green Cape. Sep¬
tember the 1 ft, they cad Anchor under the Ifland of
Mayo, but the Admiral had no mind to ftay there,
becaufe the Sea breaks top much in that Road. The
Captains
500 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
Captains, Boninghen and BockJjolt, having landed with
fome of their Men, found little or no Water; they
walked all Night to fee for fome Inhabitants, and ha¬
ving met only with an old Portuguese, they brought
him on board, and a few He-Goats, which were fo
. lean, that it was not worth their while to carry
them.
The old Portuguese being examined about the fituati-
on and the State of the Town of St. Jago, told them it
was not an eatie thing to attack it, for there was in it
500 Portuguese, and 1500 Negros well armed.
In the Afternoon the Admiral having (hot the part¬
ing Gun, all the Ships failed towards St. Jago, and fleer¬
ing along the Coaft they faw beyond a Point, the top
of a Maft of a Ship lying at Anchor in the Road of
Praya.
As foon as they had doubled that Point, and go:
into the Road, they found there a great Ship, and two
fmall ones; the biggeft was a Hamburger, Her¬
man Webb Mafter, bound for Brasil-
The Fleet having anchor’d behind the great Ship,
the Vice-Admiral fent his Sloop, and Captain De Veen
his Canon, to the two fmall Velfels, but there was no
body in them : One was an old Bark, which had
rranfporred fome Negroes ; (he had nothing but two
Pipes of Water, a little Millet, and a pot full of
Wine.
The other little Ship was of about 30 Tuns, bound
for St. Thomas, to tranlporc a Bi(hop thither ; they
found in her fome Utenflls, 'out the reft had been put
afhoar, or brought on board the Hambomigb Ship.
Herman Webb being call’d on board the Admiral,
was asked many queftions about the Fort, burnt the
fame time they told him, that the Fleet was not come
there to commit any Hoftilities, but only to take in fome
frelh Water, and buy Provifions ; fo they defired Her¬
man Webb to give one of his Seamen's Cloaths to
Francis Verjuis, the Vice-Admirals Clerk, that they
might go together to rhe Forr, to declare the fame to
the Commander, and bring immediately an anfwer, or
elfe they would take other Mealures.
The Hamburger obeying, went to the Fort: He
came on board again about Midnight, and told them,
the Portuguese's anfwer was, that they could not be¬
lieve
 to the Streights of Magellan. 301
licve what the Fleet faid, feeing that the taking of the
[wo final! Ships proved the contrary ; but they could do
nothing in that Affair in the abfence of the Governor,
wiio was at St. Jago, two Leagues off the Fort, and
who had exprcfly forbid to grant to any body what
they demanded. They defired the Fleet to ftay till
Day-light, and then they would fend an Exprefs to St.
J.igo, to give notice of it to the Governor, and receive
his Orders.
The Council of the Fleet did not think fit to delay
io long, leaft the Portuguese fhould make ufe of it to
lend fomc Reinforcement from St. Jago to the Fort;
fo prefenrly Captain Beningcn and the Serjeant-Major
embarking with 150 Men in the Sloops, and fmall
Boats, came on (hoar, where they drew up their Men
in order. Then they marched to the Fort , which
was 175 paces off, with two flying Colours. On the
fhoar fide the Fort had a Parapet of great Stone
above four Foot broad; the Entrance was fo narrow,
that two Men could net pafs a breaft, and it was fo
fteep about, that fix refolute Men might defend it a-
gainft a Thoufand, by throwing only S'tones at them
without any danger from thofe without/ ,
Notwithftanding thefc Difficulties , Captain Benin-
gen order’d his Met to advance to a little Church,
which might have annoyed the Befiegers, if the Ene¬
my had potted l'ome Men there. After that the butch
continu'd to get up to the Fort, and to fhoot at thofe that
guarded it; but a fudden fear came upon them, and
they were fo furprifed, that they fhot but nine or ten
times, and wounded but two Men ; then they all run
away, and abandoned the Place, having before taken
out what they could carry away.
So the Dutch being Matters of the Fort without Re¬
finance, ftay’d in it all Night, having potted Centinels
in feveral places. The next Morning they difeover’d
upon a high ground fome Portuguese Troops , both
Horfe and Font ; and becaufe the Fort was open on
the Land-fide, which lay level, Captain Beningen fent
to the Admiral for tome Reinforcement,with Powder and
Balls, upon which Captain de Vccrt was commanded to
march with fixty Men.
Beningcn who found in the Fort three little iron
Caunons, planted one at each Avenue, and made In-
trenchments
3°i The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
trenchments with Benches, Trunks, Chairs, and pie¬
ces of Wood, to hinder the Hone from coming that

However notwithftanding all tiiefe Preparations, and

the good condition they were in to receive the Ene¬
my, they were refolved not to flay to the laft extre¬
mity, nor lofe the time which they deligned to employ
better. Therefore they thought it was better to Capi¬
tulate, and to obtain by fair means what they wanted;
for that purpofe they pitch’d upon the next Valley as
a convenient place.
The Judge of the Fort appearing on Horfe-Back
with the Banner of Peace , the two Captains, Benin-
gen and Veen advanced to meet him : Then they be¬
gan to Difcourfe. Mutual Complaints and Reproach¬
es were made on both fides: The Dutch faid, they
were forced by Neceifity, that hath no Law, and that
if they would not fell them the Provifions they want¬
ed, they would be obliged to take them by force ; that
they defired the Portuguese to determine what they in¬
tended to do, whether to give them Ncccffaries for
their Money, or to force them to take them other
ways. ’ •
The Judge told them, it was not m his power to
refolve any thing without the Governour’s confent,
that he would go himfcli immediately to Sc. Jago, to
acquaint him with all things, and would come fpecdily
with his Anfwer.
The Vice-Admiral having landed, and being inform¬
ed of what palled, fent a Letter to the Governor by
his Page, who fpoke Portuguese, and who accompany-
ed' the Judge, upon promife to -bring the Page back
the fame day.
The Letter was, that the Dutch Fleet being in anab-
folute neceflity of frelh Water, and other Refrelhmenrs,
could not forbear to take in fome in a place where
there was enough ; that they never deligned to keep
the two fmall Veffels they took in the Road, that find¬
ing. them without Men and Provifions, they fecured
them as Hoftages. That they had attack’t and taken
the Fort with the fame defign, and in hopes of find¬
ing the Provifions they would not let them have for
Money; that if he fent a fpeedy and favourable an¬
fwer, they were ready to reftore the two fmall Ships.
 ■td the Sfreights of Magellan.
and all that had been raken in the Fort; but if they
were refolved to deny them their Requeft, the Fleet
woiild go to St. Jago, and force them to it. .
About Noon after the Page was gone, the Admiral
with Captain Boctyolt went to vi/it the Fort, and came
down afterwards with all the Officers into the Valley,
which was planted with Coco-Trees. There they met
fome Portuguese, who were prefently fo familiar, and
fo well acquainted with them, that they promifed to
bring to the Fort in the Night-time, fome Oranges,
Lemons, and other Fruit. *
One amongft them named Fydalgo, who pretended to
be more free, and better afl'eded than the reft, came
on board the Ship of Captain Beningen, who being
fatigued by the laft Nights work, waygoing to reft
himfelf; however he made Fydalgo well-come, and en¬
tertain’d him fo well, that the Portuguese promifed him
all forts of Refrelhments, if he would fend privately
two or three Sloops to his Habitation, which was but
two Leagues off. The Sloops Went there the next
day, but found nothing.
About Evening the General, the Vice-Admiral, and
Captain Bockjoolt returned on board, leaving the Fort
under the guard of Captain DeVeert, with 300 Men.
The next day September the 4th, they faw a great
piany Men upon the Hills, and the Page who carried
the Letter to the Governor, being not come back, they
flood upon their Guard till Noon, when the Page came
with three Troopers, who brought a Letter from the
Governor.
He made'great complaints of the proceedings of the
Dutch, and faid, that Men who pretended to be Friends,
had aifted rather like Enemies ; that if they had beha¬
ved themfelves as Friends, they might eafily have ob¬
tain'd what they defired, and with lefs trouble, than by
the foul means they made ufe of: That he could not
think they were Chriftians, becaufe they had Plun¬
der’d the.Church; however he was perfwaded that
it was done by the infolencie of the Soldiers, and that
their Commander had no hand in it, becaufe he re-
ftored the Plate they had ftolen away, and therefore he
would ufe them civilly ; but he could not give them
what they demanded in the place where they flood,
and defired them to come to St, Jago, and to be
informed
504 The Vojage of five Dutch Ships
informed of his further Intentions by the Meffengers he
had fent them.
Whilft Captain Dc Veert was difeourfing with them,
the Vice-Admiral and Bocfyolt came back, and had
fome talk with them: At lalt they refolved to fend
one of the Troopers to the Governor with another
Letter. They fent him word, they could not without
great trouble abandon the Fort, and go with the whole
Fleet to St. Jago; and therefore they would fend their
Sloops thither to take in fome frefn Water, but for
the other PToviiions he might eafiiy convey ’em to the
place where the Fleet was ; that they would give him
Hoftages till the two fmall Ships were reftored, and
the Damage paid ; that they defired him once more to
give them a ipeedy anfwer, becaufe they could flay
no longer, and were forced by neceffity to provide for
their want.
The General landing again in the Afternoon, was vi-
lired about Evening by home Portuguese, and amongft
them a Pricft, who came from the Governor: It be¬
ing late, the General invited them on board his Ship,
in order to difcourle together, and the Portuguese ac¬
cepted of his offer.
The Dutch treated them fo kindly, that they flay’d
all Night on board, and the next day Septcmb. the 5th,
they made an Agreement. The Portuguese agreed to
wliatthe Dutch demanded, on condition the Fleet fhould
come before St. Jago, becaufe it was impofiible to fur-
nifhthem with all Neceffarics otherwife. 1
The Dutch Admiral who would loofe no time, not
come to the laft extremity, confented to it, provided
the Portuguese would leave Hoftages till the Sloops
came back laded from St. Jcgo.
The Agreement being concluded, they all went a-
fltoar again, and the General abandoning the Fort, fent
all bis Men on board in good order with flying Co¬
lours, in the prefence of the Portuguese, who did not
know what Country-Men they were , becaufe they
heard them fp.eak feveral Languages.
Sept, the 6tb, in the Afternoon they weighed Anchor,
thinking to arrive that Night into the Road ; but by
good luck for the Dutch, they could not reach it: For
the Portuguese who had amufed them by fair Words,
and falfe Promifes, had planted their Cannon
fo
 to the Streight of Magellan.'
fo well, that they would certainly have deftroy’d the
Dutch Ships, if they had come that Night into St. Ja*o
Road.
But the contrary Wind was in that juncture very
favourable to the Dutch, and preferved them from their
titter Ruin. It was fo violent that they were difperfed,
and could not get into the Road. Bmnhmn and Dc
Peert, who kept together rill Day-light, were furpri-
fed not to fee the other Ships; and difcover’d two
fir.ail Velfels under the Ifland Mayo, and joyned them,
but they were the fame Ships they had taken before
at Prnya.
On the other fide, the Admiral, the Vice-Admiral,
and Bockholt, who had not been feparated, were like-
wife unable to reach the Road. The Vice-Admiral
fent out a Sloop manned with twelve Men, and, his
Page, to carry a Letter to the Governour, and give him
notice, that the Fleet being not able by reafcn of the
contrary Winds, to fail to St. Jayo , (he was return¬
ing back to Pray.t, where (lie expedited the execution of
the Agreement made the day before. .
The Sloop found all the Inhabitants in Arms, and
their Cannon planted along the (hoar. It was then
pretty late, and they were conduced into a Houfe
near the place where they landed : The Page alone
was brought to the Governour, who was mightily con¬
cern’d he had miffed his Defign, without confidering
that the ftormy Weather was the only reafon why the
Dutch were not arrived into the Road.
They kept the Sloop all Night, becaufe it wasdark,
but the next Morning they let her go back again,-
with orders to tell the Fleer, that they need not trou¬
ble themfelvesto come, for they (hould get nothing buc
Powder and Shot.
The General having received that News, anchor’d
with the three Ships in Pruy.t, and ftav’d there for the
four other Ships that were (till in the Main. Prelenrly
after the Vice-Admiral landed, and took with him the
Casks of the three Ships to fill them with frefii Water,
He march’d immediately towards the Fort, and the Pei-
Higue^e feeing him coming, run all away.
When he got into the place, he found the three Can¬
non they had left there Were gone, and their Intrench-
Bients pulled down,- He ported Ccntinek every Where,-
X and
}o6 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
and having left his- Men in the Fort under the com¬
mand of the Sergeant Major, he went down to haften
thofe who were filling the Casks with Water.
The Portuguese in the mean while were not aileep;
three or four of their Troopers drove fome Cattle into
the Valley, where they lay’d an Ambufcado, not doubt¬
ing but the Dutch would fall into it in purfuing the
Cactel; but the Vice-Admiral difcovering their Stra¬
tagem, and having nothing elfe to do but to get fome
frelh Water, kept his Men at that work, and difap-
poinred the Enemies.
The Portuguese being not difcouraged, fent 200
Troopers armed with Fulils to attack the Fort on the
open fide, andftorm.it. Thefe Troopers advanced to
the great place of Arms, where they met the Serjeant-
Major, who ftop’d them, and defended himfelf with
great courage.
The Vice-Admiral having advice of all this, left part
of his Men to keep the Casks, and marched with the
reft to the Fort. He attack'd briskly the Enemy, and
forced them to retire having the honour to keep the
Fort with a few Men, againft fo many Horfc. Then
he went again to fee his Casks filled with Water, and
found r.o manner of Refiftance.
In the mean while the General who had feen the
Skirmilh , had fent a Reinforcement alhoar with his
Standard: But foon after he confider’d that the two
other Ships who were (fill in the Main, and who (leer’d
towards the Road of St ^ago, without being able to
get into it, might be loft out of fight; befides that,
he had no time to loofe, the Air being unwholfom, the
Diftcmpers brief amongft the Stamen, and himfelf ill
cf an Ague,
Upon all thefe confiuerations, he called the Vice-Ad¬
miral and his Men on board, after they had fet on fire
fome Houfes ; and Scptemh. the 9th put to Sea again to
join the other Ships. The fame day in the Evening,
the Admiral fent a Sloop into a Bay where they faw
fome Cartel, but (he brought but one Ox, bccaufe they
would not venture to go too far into the Country.
On the 10th they left the Illand of Sr. Jago, and
failed towards the Illand of Brava, to take in fome
frelh Water. In this courfe they difeover'd a great
Ship, taking her courfe beyond the Illand Del Fuego 1
'the
 to the Streight of Magellan,
the Inhabitants of which (hot off two great Guns, but
the Dutch could not know for what defign.
The nth in the Afternoon, they arrived under the
Ifland of Brava, which is defert, but the bottom be¬
ing Rocky, they could not fatten the Anchors, fo that
they tacked about all Night, till the next Morning
coafting along, they found fome fre/h Water, but it
was very hard to be got, becaufe the bottom was not
good. However the Sloops of Benninghen and Bock?
bolt landed with empty Casks, and filled them with
Water, and returned (afe on board, though it was in
the Night, and the Ships were under fail.
In the mean while Do Veort embarking in the Ad¬
mirals Sloops, went into a little fandy Bay, where he
landed, and roming about to find fome frelh Water,
he faw fome Portuguese and Negroes coming to him'.
He fpoke to them at a diftance, becaufe, they would
not approach him, and defired them to lhew him a
place of frelh Water, and to fell him fome Fruit -if
they had any. They told him, that the French and
IngUJh Ships ufed to come and fetch fome frelh Water
near that place, b'ut that they were always under
fail.
As to the Refre(hm.ents they had none, bur they might
find enough in the Ifland of DelFuego 5 and that if
they had any, they durft not fell them without the
Governors leave, who refided upon the Mountain. Af¬
ter that they retired.
De Vcert having viewed feveral places, found atlatt
four or five little ruined Houfes: The Door of one of
them being (hut up with Stones, he broke it open,
ad found it fall of a fort of big Millet, called in Hol-
W T/zr/^y-Wheat: He flay’d himfeif in the Houfe
»ith three of his Men to keep it, and fent the Sloop
in board, to give notice of it to the General, fearing
lie Portugucge would come in the Night to take it
uvay.
But by good luck the fmall Ship belonging to the
Bifhop of St. Thomas, taken by the Dutch in Pray a,
«ing arrived in • the Bay, and lying at Anchor, De
'tert rranfported all the Millet thither: They were,
ill Night doing it, becaufe there were but eigh'c of
hetfr ro‘ catty it, and having 00'Sacks, they made
&of th'crr Breeches'; They alfo took in the fame
it 2- place
 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
place two great Tortoifes, which had above 600 Eggs
in their Bellies, and made many good Meals of
them.
The Portuguese and the Negroes having notice that
fame Night, that the Dutch were carrying away their
Millet, came down the Mountain, and made a heavy
noifc: But De Veert who had but two Fufils (hot at
them, and made them retire.
When the Millet was on board the Ship, the Cap¬
tain and his Men went on board to reft themfelves.
The next day De Veen landing again, the Portuguese
came down to fpeak with him: They complained that
he had taken away their Corn without any reafon;
that they had no other Vi&uals, and were reduc’d to
the laft extremity, and in danger to ftarve with Hun¬
ger. The Captain told them he was fure they lied,
and that he was very well informed, that this Millet
lay there near the Road to be tranfported to St.
go; that he could not believe, that living upon the
Mountain, they would keep their Provifions near the
(hoar: However he was ready to pay for the Millet,
and that dearer than they could fell it at St. Jago, pro¬
vided they would (hew him a place of frelh Water:
that they might ealily excule themfelves to the Cover
nour, and fay, the Dutch had taken their Corn by force,
and fo they might keep the Money to themfelves.
The Portuguese feeming to like thefe Reafons, pro
mifed the Captain to (hew him a place of fre(b Wats
on the other lide of the Ifland, where they would p
and make a Signal with Fire ; but they were not a
good as their word.
De Veert coming on board again, found the Admits
very fiek, and the Council aflemblcd, and that his 0
pinion was not today any longer in that part of tk
Sea. He alfo refigned his Command to the Vice-Ac
miral, and defired the whole Fleet to obey him, 01
dering that his Ship Ihould bear the Flag in the Da)
and have the Light hung out in the Night.
The Vice-Admiral having taken advice of the Ca[
tains, was informed of the quantity of Water that w
in each Ship'; arid it was ordered, that thole who k
the moft, Ihould give fome to others, and that t!
proportion of Provifions fi:ould be leffened. But k
caule they could ndt get frelh Water in three or fo
Mon:
 to 'the Sfreight of Magellan.
Months time, without a long flay, the Seamen had or¬
ders to gather the Rain-Water, and be good Hus¬
bands of it. The proportions of Wine were alfo aba¬
ted ; and becaufe the greateft part of the Admiral’s
Crew were lick, they refolved that if need be, each
Ship lhould take in two or three of them, and ex¬
change them for the fame number of good and found
Men.
September the 15fA, the Fleet failed South-Eaft with
a North-Eaft-Wind. The aid the Admiral fhot off a
Gun and put up the Stern-Flag, as a Signal for the
Captains to come on board his Ship. There they found
their- Admiral very lick of a burning Fcaver, and out
of hopes of recovery. His Commiffioner Daniel Bcjleau,
was alfo very lick, and both of them dyed the next
Night.
The lofs of the Admiral was lamented by the whole
Fleet. He was of a. mild and fwcet Temper, Honeft,
Careful, Diligent, and very kind to the Seamen. He
was put in a Collin half full of Stones, and thrown
into the Sea with the ufual Ceremonies. They alfo
threw the Corps of the Commiffioner, who was 'a
hopeful young Man, and might have done Service to
the Company, if he had lived.
The Council being affembled, they opened the Let¬
ters of the Dire&ors, and other Parties concerned,
which were order’d to be opened in fuch a cafe; and
it was found, that the Vice-Admiral was to fttcceed the
Admiral if he lhould die: Therefore he was acknow¬
ledged Admiral, and Benninghen Vice-Admiral,-Sebald
be Veert was made Captainof Benninghen s Ship, and
Dirkt Genit/% China, Captain of the Yatch.
On the 28tb the new General being on board his
old Ship, gave the Signal to come to him, where all
the Officers rook the Oaths, and the Captains their
Poll:. The 29tb the General went on board the Ad¬
miral, and each,Captain on board their new Ships.
Such an alteration did not pleafe the Seamen, who
were very well fatisfied with their old Officers.
After that the Ships failed South-Eaft, and by South,
and South-South-Weft, till the \th of OElob. at which
time they run Weft-South-Weft, and the 6th they flood
Saft-South-Eaft.
3io The Voyage of Jive Dutch Ships
The fame day the Fidelity gave a Signal to call
the Captains on board her, where Captain Bockbolt
was very fick; but the Wind being roo ftrong, the
Vice-Admiral only went to vilit him. From that time
the Scurvy raged fo much amongft the Seamen, and
lefpecially on board the Admiral, that melt of his Men
were lick of it.
This obliged the General to appoint a particular
Day of Prayers in each Ship, to implore Gods Mercy,
and a happy Voyage. The fcarcity of Water was the
greateft plague. They were then in one Deg. 3 quar-
ters South Latitude.
At length the Scurvy increafed fo much, that the Ad¬
miral had not Men enough to work his Ship. The o-
ther Ships were almoft in the fame condition : There¬
fore the Council refolvcd to Hand into forne Illand, in
order to have frelh Provifions.
Accordingly they fteer'd towards the Illand of An-
nobon , or Kobon, where they thought to find frelh
Meat and Oranges. About Night the Admiral who
failed before (hot off a Gun, to let them know he faw
the Land, though according to the opinion of all the
Pilots, they thought to be a hundred Leagues off it.
As foon as the Gun went off, the Ships difeover’d
the Land, and caff Anchor upon the Coaft of Mam-
conga, in 3 Deg. South Latitude. There they loft the
little Ship belonging to St. Thom as, with eleven found
and vigorous Men, who were feen no more; feme
.thought they had deferred, others believed they had
run aground and were drowned; but they heard af¬
terwards, that having failed a long while in the Sea,
they arrived at the Cape of Lope% Gonfalvcs, where
they had left their Ship, and gone on board the Ship
of Bahadur Moucheron , who was bound for Amt-
rica,.
' November the 4th in the Morning, the Captains went
on board the Admiral, and the Vice-Admiral was
commanded to land with his Sloop and Canou to view
the Country, and to fee whether he could find a good
Road for the Ships. Approaching to the Shoar, he
found the Sea breaking with fuch violence, that the
$loop had much ad.oe to go over the Waves, and row¬
ed along the lhoar all Night, without dilcovering any
thing but Trees.
Ttc
 to the Stre/ght of Magellan. 311
The next day he returned on board the Admiral,
and after he had given an account of what he had
feen, they refolved to put into the Cape of Lopes Gcn-
fitlves, fituated in half a Degree South Latitude. , They
had caft Anchor in a very bad bottom, where the Ships
were driven from their Anchors, and one of the flaps
of the Anchor of the Faith was broken.
The 6th at the break of Day they fail’d again, coaft-
ing alor.g, and calling Anchor evc-ry Night.
On the gth they arrived upon the Coaft of Guinea,
where they faw fonie Negroes, and fpoke to them : the
Dutch gave them imall glafs Wares; but feeing fo ma¬
ny Men, and being afraid to be taken, they run away
in the Night.
The General having found a convenient place for
the Sick, fent them thither, and each Captain had his
own Quarter. Capram Bocl$olt commanded that little
Camp, and he had befides the Sick, fome vigorous and
found Men to defend it.
The next day the Admiral fent the Vice-Admiral to
wait on the King of that Country, with fome Prefcnts,
in order to procure fome Provilions. But he came
back the nth, and brought nothing but a Hen, and a
few Platonics or Bananes, fo that they were forced to
be contented with a few Herbs they found in the Fields,
as Crcfles, Sea-Parlley, fower Apples without any man¬
ner of tafte, and fuch like Victuals. They had indeed
plenty of Fifli, and more than they could ear.
The loth die Vice-Admiral was fo lick of a burn¬
ing Feaver, that every body defpair’d of his Life;
however after a long licknel's, he recovered again.
On the 23d Dirck. Erkjinfons Sloop came into the
Road, the Pilot of which was a Frenchman, and had
lived along while with the Negroes, and in the Service
of their King, fo that he could fpeak a little of their
Language. He promifed the Dutch to obtain of the
King all the Provifions they wanted ; upon which the
General fent Captain De Veert with two Sloops along
with him to fpeak to the King.
The King having notice of the delign’d Vifit, put
himfelf in the fineft Drefs and Equipage he could to re¬
ceive him. De Veert being introduced to the King,
found him with his Attendance about him, fitting up¬
on a Stool a Foot high like a Shoemaker’s Stool, antj
X 4 a
 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
a Sheep-skin under his Feet: He had a Purple Cloth
Coac embroider’d with falfe Gold, without Lining,
which look'd juft like a Pilot's Coat. He had no
Shirt, no Shoes, no Stockins, but a kind of a Cowl or
Cap upon his Head, which was Yellow, Red, and
Blew.
He had his Face powder’d all over with Afhcs to ap¬
pear whiter, but one might ice for all that, that he
was black : For a Royal Ornament he had about his
Neck, a Glafs bead Necklace. His Gentlemen fat
round about him, their Skin was all over painted with
red, and their Heads cover’d with the feathers of
Cocks.
By the Kings Seat was another little Stool cover’d
with a Mat for the Dutch Captain, who having falu-
ted him after the falhion of the Country, fat down by
him. He told him by his Interpreter, the occafton of
his coming thither, and complained, that the Inhabi¬
tants without any pretence of Reafon, had left their
flabitations, and run away. That the Dutch were their
Friends, and only came into his Country to trade fairly
with them, inlomuch that they might fafely return to
their own Dwellings again : That the Dutch offer’d to
make an Alliance with them, and with the King, whom
they would viiit often ; that they would bring all things
the Inhabitants wanted, and defired them to let them
have the ncccffary Provifions and RcfrePnments, fuch as
Fruit, Fowls, Sheep, and other Cattle, offering to give
to the Natives for exchange, any of the Merchandife
they had on board their Ships.
The King having heard with great attention Cap¬
tain De Vccrt's Speech, told him that the Dutch were
very Wellcome into his Country, and that he would
order they (hould be fupply’d with all Neceffaries they
wanted. Then he brought Ds Veen into his Palace,
which was more like a Cows Stall, than a Palace.
There the King gave him a Kid, and a few Bananes,
for fmall pieces of Linnen Cloth and Iron.
While they were preparing fomething to eat, the
Captains five Trumpeters and Muficians, founded and
played finely. The King was mightily pleafed at that,
but De Veen who was hungry, would have been more
pleafed to have fome Vidtuals.

After
 to the Streights of Magellan. 313
After a long while, the King’s Wives brought in a
wooden Dilh forae Bananes roafted, and dry’d or
fmoak’d Fifh , or rather pieces of a Sea-Horfe, of
which the King cat but foberly, and the Captain hard¬
ly rafted them, being unacquainted with fuch Victu¬
als : Then they prefented him Palm-Tree .Wine, a fort
of Drink that is very unplealant to thofe that are net
tifed to it.
The King imreated De Veert feveral times to eat,
the Difii being taken away, they ferved nothing elfe.
The Captain was the more furprifed at fo Sender a
Feaft, that he faw the King ftrong, and in a better
Health than thofe who live in Plenty of all things, and
eat the belt Victuals.
De Veen who was very hungry, told the King he
would treat him with fome of the Provifions he had .
brought with him : So the Dutch laid a Napkin, and
ferved up a piece of Bread, with fmoak’d Beef, Cheefe,
and a Bottle of Sack. The King liked their Victuals
fo well, that he eat heartily, anti drunk fo much, that
he was obliged to go to Sleep.
In the mean while the Captain took a walk about
the Town, which had not above 200 Houfes in it.
About Evening not feeing the King, he thought to have
return’d on board his Sloop with his Men, in order
to ftay there all Night. But he faw a great number
of Negroes armed with Bows and Arrows, who had pof-
felTed themfelves of the Avenues, and would not let
them go.
The Captain, who had no Arms but his Sword, was
cxtreamly furprifed, and asked them what was the
matter ; they told him it was becaufe one of his Men
had committed fome Diforder in a Houfe. De Veen
dclired them them to (hew him the Man, and he would
punifii him. But it was only a pretence, the true rea-
fon was, they were afraid the Dutch would come in the
Night, and take away their King and his Retinue.
The Dutch Captain went back into the Palace, but
they told him the King was not there; upon which
fearing the Negroes had an ill defign, he refolved to force
his way to his Sloop.
The noife awaked the King, who came out of his
Palace all naked, and quarrell'd with them, but they
did not feem much concern’d at his Anger. De Veen
told
3x4 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
told him the occafion of their Difpute. The King de-
fired him to ftay with him, on condition that his Men,
or part of them, fliould have the liberty to go on
board their Sloop; fo he Hay’d in the Town with eight
of his Men.
The Negroes thinking themfelves not fafe enough,
would not permit De Veert to be with the King : There¬
fore they conduced him into another Houfe, and kept
a Watch ail Night about him.
The next Morning the Captain going out of the
Houfe to wait on the King, an old Woman came to
him, and lookt him in the Face: She had a Box in her
Hands cover’d with loofe Leather, which was fatten'd
to it like the Leather of a pair of Bellows, and turning
three times round about him, mutter’d fome words, and
beat at the fame time the extended Leather with her
Hand, which occafion’d the flying of fome Alhesout of
the Box upon the Captain’s Cloaths. No body knew
what (he meant by it, or what (he intended to do,
but De Veert and the Negroes flighted her, and laughed
at her.
At iaft the Negroes brought fome Bananes, two Goats,
and four Pullets, to exchange-, with the Dutch. The
Captain took them, and feeing he could exped nothing
elfe from fuch a People, took his leave of the King,
and went on board again. But while he was in the
Town, fome of his Men went in the Woods, and kil¬
led a wild Boar, two Buffs, and fome Birds, which
wered diftributed to the fick.
The General went afhoar every day to vifit the
fick, Morning and Evening, taking an extraordinary
care of them, comforting them, and fupplying them
with all Neeeffaries. Decemb. the 4th, a Ship named
the More, arrived in the Road from d' llha del Prin¬
cipe, and the next day theYatchof Lawrence Chriftian,
came in •. the fame Road from the fame Ifland.
Some of the Sick recover’d again, but many that
were well fell Sick, becaufe the Air of that Country
was very unwholfom.' Therefore the General having
loft fixteen of his Men, who died there, refolved to
quit the Country. Decemb. the 8th, the whole Crew
came on board, and the fame day Captain De Veert
fell fick of a violent Feaver, which kept him two
Months a Bed.
The
 to the Sfreights of Magellan. 515
The 9th the Fleet failed towards the Ifland of Ay
nobon, with a defign to land in it, becaufe the Sick*
nefs continued, and encreafed among them On the
i6tb in the Afternoon, they arrived under that Ifland.
The Admiral having detatched two Sloops with Cap¬
tain Dinick to go on flioar, the Portuguese and the
Negroes oppofed them. But Dinick telling them they
were come as Friends, and only to buy and pay for
the Refreflitnents they wanted, they promifed to fup-
ply them with fome. But it being too late to go and
i'peak to the Governour, they defired the Dutch to tarry
till the next day, and then they certainly would furnifli
them with all manner of Provifions.
On the 17th in the Morning, the Captain fent two
Sloops on flioar, but they found a great many Men
armed with Fufiis, who rold them that if they came
near the flioar, they would lhoot at them, looking
upon them as Enemies. The General having advice
of it, armed all the Sloops, and fent them alhoar under
the command of Captain Bockbolt, and the Serjeant*'
Major: the Sloops made up to the.flioar in order, two
on the Left Hand, and the reft on the Right.
But the Portuguese and the Blacks, who had carried
away every thing out of their Hutts in the Night, fet
them all on fire, and abandoning their Fort, retired
into the Mountains. Theihoar being free, theAdmi?
ral order’d that all the Sick fliould land.
The Seamen who long’d to eat fome Fruit, went a-
bout the Ifland to get fome Bananes and Oranges,
which are plentiful there : But the Portuguese who
fpy’dthem, killed always fome of them. And the 19th
of the fame Month, they murthered one, whom they
expofed in the High-way to affront the Dutch.
The General to prevent fuch Accidents, forbid any
Seamen to go alone and difarmed, to feek for Fruit
without Leave. But his command being not obey’d,
to the great prejudice of thofe that flighted his Order,
he caufed a Gibbet to be fet up to fright thofe who
Ihould be fo bold for the future, as to difobey him.
Then he fent a Party of his Men well armed to
take fome Prifoners, who brought into their little Camp
27 Head of Cattel, which Prize was more agreeable
to them, than if they had taken fome of their Ene¬
mies Prifoners; however they were fo carelefs, that
they loft theLeft part of their Booty. The
•, I:<$ The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
The 14tb the Admiral detached another Party of.
150 Men, with orders to advance into the Country,
and to the Mountain, where they found the Portuguese
intrenched ; who on a hidden fell upon them, and put
them in Diforder. However the Burch Jofing no cou¬
rage, continued their march upon the Mountain, and
found two Palfages.upon which they divided in two Com¬
panies, who got up to the Mountain by thefe two fe-
veral ways with much fatigue ; being advanced pretty
high, the Portuguese fhot at them, and threw down
many Stones; Captain Dc Veens Enfign who headed
them, was killed with a Musket-lhot, and many more
were wounded ; but the Dutch not difeouraged got
up the Mountain, put the Enemies to flight, and took
the Fort, whefe they found a Tun of Bisket hid un¬
der Grafs, two Dutch Cheefe, and fome Earthen Pots
full of Spanifh Wine. They burnt the _ two Houles
that were near the Fort, which were lull of Coton,
and after that Expedition , returned to their own
Camp.
The Air of the Ifland of Annohon being very unwhol-
fom, and worfe than that ot Guinea, the Difeafes a-
mongft the Seamen encreafed every day. Therefore
January the 2d 1599, they refolved to put to Sea, but
before their departure, they buryed their Dead, and
burnt the Hurts and the Church. The next day they
failed for the Streight of iMagellan, with a defign to flop
no where elfe. The 22d they pafled the Shelves and
Rocks of Brasil, call’d by the Portuguese Abrol-
hos.
March the 9tb, one of the Vice-Admiral’s Seamen,
who had feveral times broke open the Cooks Cup¬
board and ftoln Bread, was by the Council condem¬
ned to be hanged on the Bolt-fpliu-Maft. About that
time the Gck began to be better, and they got fo good
Stomachs, that' their (hare was notfufficient.
The 1 ah the Fleet being near de fijo de Plato, the
Sea appear’d as red as Blood. They drew up fome
of the Water, and found abundance of fmaU red Worms
m it, which leap’d out of it like Fleas, Some are of
opinion, that thefe Worms come out of the Whales
Bdly, in certain feafons of the year.
Eight days after an Englifh Seaman dyed ftrangely
on board the Fidelity j he was eating very heartily,
when
 to the Streighis of Magellan.
when on a Hidden he fell down upon his Back, rolling
his Eyes, foaming, and Speechlcfs, and expired in that
condition.
Two days after a young Man of Utrecht fell lick of
the fame Diftemper, and was like a Mad-Man, biting,
fighting, and fcratching every body. He was carry’d
into his Cabbin, where he was three Days and three
Nights without eating. The fourth day he began to
mutter l'ome words, and devoured a Bisket they gave
him, but at laft he dyed miferably ; for he was fo
fenfelefs, that he could not clean himfelf, or void his
Excrements in a regular way; and it being then very cold,
the moifture that was about himfreez’d and benum’dhis
Fleff, infcmuch that they were forced to cut offhis Legs.
/Ipril the 6tb, the Ships got into thcStreight. About
Evening they caft Anchor under the leaft of the two
Iflands of Pinguins, fourteen Leagues off the Mouth of
the Streight. There they faw great quantities of thofe
Birds called Phmgeons, becaufe they dive into the Wa¬
ter to catch Fifti. They killed thirteen or fourteen
with Sticks, and could have kill’d- enow for the whole
Fleet, but that they would not lofe time, nor the op¬
portunity of the fair Wind.
The gt/j they put to Sea again, and the next day the
General fent 50 Men afhoar, to fee whether they could
find any Inhabitants and Cattel. But having walked
about three Leagues along the Sea fide, they found no¬
thing.
On the 13tb they arrived at a fine Bay, one and
twenty I.eagues off the Mouth of the Streight, call’d
by the Englijh Mufclc Bay, becaufe of the great quan¬
tities of Mufcles found there. In that place they pro¬
vided themlelves with' frefh Water and Wood, which
are there very plentiful.
The 17tb they failed between two rocky Coafts,
that lay lo clofe and fo high, that they thought they
fhould never get through. The Mountains were co¬
ver’d with Snow.
The 1 2th they caft Anchor in a Bay to the North¬
ward, in 54 Deg. Latitude, called the Great Bay. In
the middle of it are three fmall Iflands, the leaft of
which lies to the Eaftward. The ground in that Bay.
is very good, and of a fine Sand.

I.i
318 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
In thefe places there grows a great quantity of Tree9
rcfembling Bay-Trees, only they are a little higher,
and the Bark is much bitterer, having as ftrong a tafte
as Pepper. Here they faw abundance of Mufcles,
fome of them are a Span long, and when they are
boiled,the Flelh of three of them weighs a whole pound.
You alfo find in that Bay many Geefe and Ducks.
The Wind being contrary, the Ships lay at Anchor
till the 23 of Augnjl, without taking the Sails off the
Yards, that the Ships might be ready to fet fail. In
the mean while they fuffer’d much by the cold Wea¬
ther: They loft above 100 Men, and amongft others
Captain BockJ-'ot:, who was fucceeded in his place by
Balta^ar de Cordcs.
Befides, the Storms were fo frequent and fo vio¬
lent, that the Ships could not lye at Anchor, and the
Seamen were forced to be continually at work to keep
them right. They were likewife obliged to go afhoar
in the Rain. Snow,and Hail, to get in fome frefh Water,
Wood, Mufcles, and fuch other Provifions as they could
find, which did fatigue them extreamly.
The fcarcity of Victuals was fo great, and the Cli¬
mate fo cold, that they were almoft ftarved with Hun¬
ger and Cold ; the cold Climate render’d their Appe¬
tite fo keen, that they were almoft infatiable, and eat
Roots and other things raw, without ftaying to have
’em drefs’d.
The greateft part of the Seamen wanted Watch-
Coats and other Cloathing, to fupport the fatigue of
the Watch, and the daily Work; for they had made
no provifion of them, thinking to go into a hot Coun¬
try, where they (hould have no need of them.
To redrefs this Grievance, the General diftributed
to every one pieces of Cloth, and all the Captains
were ordered to be prefent with a Cane in their Hands,
when their Seamen eat their Meals; becaufe many of
thenf would fell their lhareof Victuals at a great rate,
and upon that fcore, chofe rather to be without it, and
fill their Stomach with raw Mufcles, and green Herbs,'
which occafion’d Dropfies, and reduc’d them at laft to
a languifhing and dying condition.
But the Officers were fo careful, and fo exatft in di~
ftributing the proportion of Victuals, that the 22d of
April two Seamen of the Yatch were condemned to’
 to the Streights of Magellan^ 319
death, for having ftoln fome Oyl in the Hold of the
fame Yatch, however there was but one of them hang¬
ed, and the other was whipt.
May the ytb, the Vice-Admiral was detatch’d with
two Sloops into an Ifland fituated over againft the
Green Bay, to catch fome Sea-Dogs. He found fe-
ven Canows, or fmall Boats, with Savages on board,
that were ten or eleven Foot high, as well as he could
obferve; of a reddilh colour, and with long Hair.
As foon as thefe Natives faw the Sloops they run
afhoar, and threw fo many Stones at the Dutch, that
they durft not come near the (hoar. When they faw
that the Dutch durft not approach them, they got into
their Boats again, and rowed with great Noife and
Outcries towards the Sloops.
The Vice-Admiral let them advance within a Muf-
ket-(hot, and then commanding his Men to make a
general difcharge at them, they killed four or five
of them, which fo frighted the reft, that they all run
alhoar again. Then they pull’d up with their Hands
fome Trees, which afar off appear’d to be a Span thick ;
but the Vice-Admiral chofe to let them alone, and to
return onboard.
The a6th of the fame Month, fome Seamen went
aflioar to look for Mufdes, Roots, Herbs, and fuch
Victuals as they could find. Being difperfed and fe-
parated one from another, a Company of Savages fell
on a fudden upon them, killed three, and wounded
two. They tore in pieces the firft three, and were go¬
ing to do the like to the wounded two, if Captain De
Cordcs had not come to relieve them.
Thefe Savages were all naked, except one, who
had a Sea-Dogskin about his Shoulders. They had
wooden Arrows which they threw with the Hand with
great Strength and Dexterity. The Point was like a
Cramp-iron, tyed to the Arrow with Sea-Dog’s-Guts,
and would run fo far into the Flefh, that it was almoft
impoffible to draw it our.
While the Fleet was in that Ifland, the General or¬
dered the Sloop to be put upon the Stocks, to be built
into a Pinnace. She was Chriften’d the Poftillon, and
the fecond Pilot of the. Admiral was Matter of her.
Captain De Veert having no more Provifions for
Broth, and being obliged to give Bisker to make fome,
landed
310 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
landed July the i-jtb to catch Sea-Dogs. While he waS
alhoar, fo great a Storm arofe from the North-Weft,
that he was forced to flay two Days and two Nights,
without being able to come on board his Ship again,
and could catch nothing.
On the 18th of the lame Month, the Wind continu¬
ing very Violent and Stormy, the Vice-Admiral’s Quar-
ter-Mafter doing fometbing about the Beak: of the Ship,
fell into the Sea. He fwom a great while, and cryed
for Help, but it was impofltble to help him ; for the
Storm was fo furious, that no body durft venture to
go into the Sloop, and this honeftMan was drown’d in
the fight of the whole Fleet, that could not poflibly
fave him.
Auguft the id, the General order’d all the Officers
and the Seamen to land, and tho’ the Snow was pret¬
ty thick upon the (hoar, he would have the Minifter
to fay Prayers, and make a Sermon, to thank God Al¬
mighty, that he had preferved them in fo long and fo
dangerous a Voyage, and to beg his Afliftance for the
time to come. The great Sufferings they had endu¬
red in that Bay, then called the Green Bay, and the
lofs of Sixfcore Men who dyed there, made them
name it the Bay of De Cordes, becaufe Do Cordes was
their Admiral, when they were afflicted with thefe
Accidents.-
And in eft'ed, they went through the greateft Hard-
ihips in the World; for befides Hunger and Cold,
they were expofed to the injuries of the Air, Winds,
Rain, Snow, and Hail, till the i%d of Anguft. Then
they fet fail with a North-Eaft-Wind, but the next
day. the weather was fo calm, that they were obliged to
put into a great Bay, lying South-ward.
To perpetuate'the Memory of fo Dangerous and Ex¬
traordinary a Voyage into a Streight, whercinto no
other Nation had yet ventured to fail with lb great
and fo many Ships, the General ereded an Order of
Knighthood, and made the fix chief Officers Knights
of it. They obliged themfelves by an Oath, never to
do or confentto any thing againft their Honour and
Reputation , whatever Dangers or Extremities they
ftould be expofed to, not excepting Death it felf, or
ro do any thing prejudicial to the intereft of their own
Country, or to the Voyage they had already began,-
 to the Streight of Magellan.
They alfo folemnly prom'fed, they would freely ex-
pofe their Lives againft all the Enemies of their Nati¬
on, and to ufe all their Endeavours' to carry on the
l)utcb Arms, and conquer the Spa>iiJ7a Dominions,, from
whence the King of Spain got fo much Gold and Sil¬
ver, to make War againft them in the Low Countries,
and opprefs them.
This Ceremony was performed a-lhoar upon the
Eafterly Coaft of the Streight, as well as the Place and
the Occafion could permit it, and the Order was na¬
med the Order of-the Furious Lion. They alfoeredted
a Table upon a high Pillar, on which the names of
the Knights were written, and the Bay was called the
Bay of Knights.
The 28th the Fleet failed out of that Bay, and put
into another little one a League off the firft; there
they had a Calm again. Then the Admiral comman¬
ded DekFeert to go a-flioar with his Sloop, to remove
the Table that was fer up in the Bay of Knights, and
tranfporc it to a more convenient place.
But as he thought to double the Point of the
Bay, he faw above 80 Savages fitting upon the Ground,
who had near them 8 or 9 Canows or little Boats.
As foon as they faw the Sloop they made a heavy
noife, and figns to invite the Seamen a-lhoar • but the
Captain who had but a fmall Compliment of Men,
return’d on board the Ship.
The Savages feeing him go to his Ship, run as fall
as they could a crofs the Woods, Hills, and Valleys
along the Ihoar, hollowing ftill, and making figns to
the Dutch to come a-lhoar. The General being in¬
formed of this Adventure, fent immediately three Sloops
well armed to the flioar, but they found no body, for
the Savages were all gone.
I But they found the marks of their Inhumanity, for
j thefe cruel Beafts had taken' out of rhe Ground the
Corps of the Dutchmen who had been buryed there,
and had barbaroufly. disfigured them. The Table
which Captain DeVFeert went to remove, Was broken'
in pieces by the fame Savages.
Septemb. the 3d, early in' the Night the Ships got out
of the Streight of .Magellan, and failed into the South
Sea with a fair Wind. The 5th and 6th they failed
ftill With1 a' Nofrh-Eaff-Wind , to th'e Weft-North-'
3iz The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
Weft, and kept all fix together, reckoning the Poflil-
Ion one, till the 7th of the fame Month, at which time
they had fine and gallant Weather.
But it did not laft long, for the Sea which in thofe
parts is often ftormy, began to fwell and rife fo high,
that the Vice-Admiral was forced to lie by, and hale
his Sloop on board, and the Fidelity was oblig’d to do
the fame.
Captain Dc Ween was failing clofe after the Admi¬
ral who was before, when an accident happened in the
Great Yatch, that had the Wind of the Fidelity, which
obliged him to furl his Sails, and lie by with the
Yatch and the Fidelity, that had loft her Sloop.
The Admiral continued his courfe, thinking the 0-
thcr Ships failed after him, and that the Fog hinder’d
the Watch to fee them. But the Vice-Admiral who
follow’d them, was alfo obliged to furl his Sails. Im¬
mediately after the Fog was fo thick, that they could
not fee one another, tho’ they kept dole together.
Septemb. the 8(/j, the two Yaichs loft the three Ships,
but thefe three kept together till the next day; then the
Admiral gave the Signal to fail with all the Sails,
thinking that the two Yatchs were gone before. Two or
three Hours after they difeover’d them, and ftay’d for
them with great Joy.
When they were joined again, Dirckj Geritfc fen:
the Pinnace or the Pojlillon to the Admiral, to defire
him to fend him his Carpenters, but he could not, be-
caufe they were lick; however, thofe of Captain D;
Weert, and De Cordes went, which prov’d a great Dam-
mage to their Ships, vl%. the Faithznd the Fidelity, for
they never faw their Carpenters again, the Wind turn¬
ing on a Hidden quite contrary.
Then the Sea began to be fo ftormy, that the Yatch
was forced to furl her Sails again, as well as the Vice-
Admiral alfo who was before. The Frith and the Fi¬
delity did the like ; but in the dark of the Night the
Yatch and rite Vice-Admiral put up their Sails again,
without making any Signal, that was feen by the two
other Ships, who continued to lie by, being perfwa-
ded, that the Vice-Admiral and the Yatch did the fame.
But when the day was come, the Captains of the
two firft Ships were extreamly troubled, in not feeing
the two other Ships. Di Ween was very much con¬
cerned
 to t£e Streigbt of Magellan. 525
cerned to have no Mafter with him, and but two old
Pilots, with a few Seamen who were lick and Weak,
through the cold and dampnefs of the Weather, tho’
they had a good fire Night and Day.
On the 16th the North-Haft-Wind was fo violent,
that the two Ships were every Moment in danger of
linking. The Gallery of the Faith crackt above an'
Inch, and the Waves of the Sea beat fo much upon
the Deck of the Fidelity, that the Seamen were in Wa¬
ter up to the Knees.
The other Ship was in no lefs danger, for Ihe was
fprung a Leak, and fo full of Water, that they were
obliged to pump Night and DaJy, and could hardly
preferve her. At laft after an exadi fearch they found
the Leak, and Hop’d it.
Thefe two Ships were 24 Hours in this deplorable
condition in the South Sea, fpooning all the while, and
going without Sails; befides that, the Seamen were
difeontented and grumbled, tho’ each of ’em bad two
Ounces of dry Filh a day, and a reafonable lhare of
Bisket; but they were fo hungry, that this was not
fufficient. They were ufed to fill their Bellies with
Mufcles in the Streight, and could not brook the
want of them, fo that the Captains had much ado to
pacifie them.
The 16th in the Night they fell in upon the Coaft
on the North fide of the Streight by a miftake, for
they thought they were 20 Leagues off the Land.
In the Morning the Crew of the Faith difeovering
the Coaft, were in a great danger; for the Wind dri¬
ving the Ship towards the Coaft, they faw two Rocks
juft before them, which rhey could not avoid but in.
doubling them. In fine, God Almighty gave them the
grace to double thefe two Rocks, but they came fo
near them, that they thought to perifh every Moment.
The Fidelity that was a great way before, and now lay
by, had not been expofed to the fame peril, for having
difeover’d the Rocks in time, lhe failed on the other fide.
They were three Leagues off the Streigbt when
they faw the Land, and the Wefterly Wind blowing
fo hard, that they could not bear off, the two Cap¬
tains refolved to get into the Streight again, to find a
good Road, and ftay for a fair Wind. Then they
did not doubt but they blight overtake the other Ships,
Y % who
•4 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
who could not be far gone, feeing they had agreed toge¬
ther, that in cafe of any accident, they fhould ftay two
Months in the Ifland of Santa Maria one for another.
About Evening they arrived in the Southerly Point
-of the Mouth of the Straight, and were driven by
the Currents fix or feven Leagues off into the Streight,
. where they anchor’d in a very good Road, and had
pretty fair Weather till the laft of September. Then
the furious Guffs of South Wefterly Winds, forced
them to drop three Anchors.
The .Summer approaching they were in hopes of
fairer Weather, but for the two Months time they
ftay’d there, they had fcarce a fair Day to dry their
Sails. They called that Bay the Bay of Trouble, be?
caufc they tarried in.it twenty Days in the greateft
Trouble and Danger imaginable, being obliged conti¬
nually to go a-fhoar to fetch fome forry Nourifhtnent,
Inch as a few Birds, and fome Mufcles and Snails
that they found in the Rocks.
October the i8r/>, the two Ships being not able to
fubfift any longer in that Bay, let fail again a League
further into the Streight, where they found a better
Bay than the laft, and caff Anchor upon the Coaft:
The zid they were in danger of perifiiingby a violent
Storm, but about the break of Day a Calm fucceeded.
The daily work of the Seamen was to go a-lhoar to
get fome Victuals when ’twas low Water, and to fetch
in fome Wood and frelh Water when the Tide came
in, fo thac they had no time to dry themfelves, tho’
they had a good Fire Night and Day. In a word,
during the whole nine Months that they fpent in that
Streighr, they had fcarce an opportunity to take the
Sails off the Yards to dry them, fo frequent were the
returns of Rain and Storms.
At. laft the cold and dampnefs of the Weather, and
. the Hunger the Seamen endured, difheartned fome of
Captain D; tVccrts Crew fo much, that they feigned
themfelves fick, in order to avoid Working, which
grieved the reft that were ftili hearty. But at laft all
the Seamen together began to grumble, and faid o-
penly, that it was time to return back to Holland: with
this view they, importuned the Cap’ain every day,
, who did what he could to pacific them, conjuring
them to ftave patience, and ftay to fee how God would
 to the Streight of Magellan. 3x5
difpofe of them. But he declared to them at the fame,
time, that he would not put to Sea in fo bad Weather
unlefs the Seamen Jhould be reduced to fo frnall a num¬
ber, that there (hould be only enough to work the leaft
of the two Ships, and’then he would burn the other.
A little while after Captain De Cordes told Captain De
Ween, that his own Officers difcouraged his Seamen,as if
there was no hopes of faving their Lives, upon which De
Ween fpoke to every Officer in particular, and both
exhorted and threatned them, not to diflfcarten the
Seamen for the future, but rather to encourage them.
The Officers excufed themfelves, and faid , they
were themfelves obliged to hear and fufter the info-
lent Difcourfes of the Seamen, who complained that
they would have them perilh for Hunger, that they
could no longer endure the cold and wet, that they
were refolved to feize upon the Sloop, as foon as they
pafs’d into the South Sea, and leave the Ship, which
would certainly ruin and deftroy the reft of the Seamen.
Upon that advice the Captain .fpoke-in general to
all the Seamen,- and told them plainly, that the firft
who (hould hold fuch feditious Difcourfes, (hould be
punilhed to Death to give example to others. His
Refolution pacified the Mutineers for that time, and
encouraged the reft: But this good Difpofition did not
laft long; and if the Matter of the Fidelity, who went
often on board the Faith, had not influenc’d them by
his Care and Perfwafion, the Ship had certainly run a
Ground, by the Malice of the difeontented Seamen,
tho‘they conceal’d their Difaffedtion ; for when they
work’d the Ship, they did more harm than good.
In fo deplorable a condition they waited for better
Weather, but in the mean time were expofed to con¬
tinual Rains, Storms, and fuch other inconvenicncies,
which kept them continually at work. But after all
they did better by failing into the Main, which was
fmooth, and where nothing was to be feared but
Winds, whereas if they had anchor’d in any place,
they would have been expofed to the Surges and vio¬
lent Waves of the Sea, and the Anchors could norpre-
ferve them from iminent danger.
The chief caufe of the Seamen’s Murmuring was,
that fomeof them gave out, that there would not be
Bisket enough for their return into Holland if they
Y 3 tfft’ry’d
?i 6 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
tarry’d' longer. The Captain having notice of it went
into the Bread-Houfe, and came out of it with a chear-
ful Countenance, and told the Seamen that there was
Bisket and Provifions enough for eight Months, tho1 in
earneft there was not Provifions for above four Months.
But the Captain was refolved to flay rather a whole
year for the fair Weather than to go, and in cafe the
Weather flioiild continue as bad as it was, he defigned
rather to fail to the Eafl-btdks to look for the Fleet.
At length after they had ftay’d in the Streight till
the id of December, the Wind turned Norrh-Eaft, and
immediately they weighed Anchor.- But being got ready
to fail,they could not get off into the Main,becaufe of the
Whirl-winds riling between the Hills and the bottom
pf the Bay. The Faith was driven lo near the Land,
that one could ftep to the (hoar from the Gallery, fo
that they were in great danger, and would havecertainly
been loft, if the Wind had continued fo ftrong.
The next day the ftorm was quite over, and at Ebb-
water, the two Ships got out of the Bay, which they
called the clofe Bay, but they went out inaufpiciouf-
ly, for after that they never call: Anchor together, and
that very day they anchor’d three Leagues farther un¬
der the Wind than they had done before, and at a
League off one from another.
The 3th they endured the moft violent Storm they
ever faw before, the Wind was fo ftrong, that the
Waves of the Sea were fometimes higher than the
Mails, and the ftorm lafted two Days. On the i otb
the Wind growing milder, Captain Ds Weert went into
his Sloop in order to board the Fidelity, but having
doubled the Point, he law no Ship, or any ligr.s of a
Shipwreck, fo he went back full of Grief and Sorrow.
The next day he rowed towards a Gulf, where he
faw a Mali near a low point; then his forrow gave
place to joy, for he went on board the Fidelity, and
told them what apprehenfions he had been under. He
was obliged to leave his little Boat, to help to hale
the Anchors and the Cables which the Fidelity had
loft. Then De FPecrt tpok his leave in order to return
on board his own Ship, but he never imagined that
it was the laft farewell, and that he fiiould never fee
Captain De Cordes again.
The frequent ftorms and other inconveniencies ha¬
ving
 to the Sfreight of Magellan. %v]
ving afrefh difcouraged the Seamen, who were out
of hopes of ever returning into Holland, and who
thought they Ihould ftarve for want of Provifions, Cap¬
tain Dc ff'ccrt the next day, which was Sunday, invi¬
ted them all but thofe that were lick, to agreatDin-
ner of Geefe, Ducks, and ocher Birds that they had
killed. While they were merry at Dinner, the Cap¬
tain exhorted them to have Patience, and reprefented,
that God Almighty never forfakes thofe who put their
truft in him. He alfo thanked them for their Fide¬
lity, and the Services and Hard (hips they had run thro'
till now.
This Speech proved very effe&ual, for the Seamen
took courage again, and rowed towards the Wefterly
Point of the Bay to go a-fhoar and fetch fomeVidht-
als. As foonas they had doubled the Point, they faw
three Canows with Savages on board them, who per¬
ceiving the Sloop, went immediately alhoar, and got
up to the cop of the Mountains like Monkeys. The
Dutch went on board the Canows, and found but a
few young Plungeons, wooden Grapples, wild Beads
Skins, and other little things of no value, which they
left in the Boats.
Then they w\ita-(hoar to fee whether the Savages
had hrd any thing. They faw on the foot of the
Mountain, a Woman with two Children, who did
what (he could to run away ; but (he was taken with
her two Children, and carried on board, without (hew¬
ing any concern ac all. She was of a middle fize,
with a big flaggy Belly, of a reddifh colour, her Coun¬
tenance was very fierce, and her Head was (Laved accor¬
ding to the falhion of that Country; but the Men ha#c
long Hair, and never cut it.
For Ornament (he had Snails (hells hangirig about i
her Neck, and a Sca-Dog-Skin about her Shoulders,
tied under her Throat with Guts-ftrings. The reft
of her Body was naked, her Breads hanging down
like Cows Udders. Her Mouth was wide, her Leggs
crooked, and her Heels very long.
She would eat no boil'd or roafted Meat, and there¬
fore they gave her fome of the Birds they took in
the Canows, which (he took, and having pluck’d the
long Feathers, (he opened them with Mufcle-lhells,
cutting them firft behind the right Wing, and then a-
Y 4 boye
3x8 The Voyage of fve Dutch Ships
bove the Stomach ; after that (he drew the Guts out,
and having laid the Liver a little upon the Fire, eat
it almoft raw. She clean’d the Gizard, and eat it
quite raw, as well as the reft of the Bird. Her Chil¬
dren eat after the fame manner, one was a Girl a-
bout four years old, and the other was a Boy (is
Months old, who had the greateft part of his Teeth,
and could go alone.
She lookt very grave and ferious while (he was eat¬
ing, tho' the Seamen burft out with laughing. After
her Meal (he fat down upon her Heels like an Ape,
and when (he Slept the was all in a heap, holding
the young Infant between her Arms, with his Mouth
to her Brhaft.
They kept her two days on board, but the i.u/j, the
Weather being fair, the Captain fent her a-(hoar a-
gain, and gave her a Gown, a Cap, and Glafs Beads
for a Neclace and Bracelets. He alfo prefented her
with a little Looking-Glafs, a Knife, a Nail, an Awl,
and other Toys of fmnll value, with which (lie was ex-
freamly pleafed.
They alfo cloathed the young Boy with a green
Gown, and trimmed him finely with glafs Beads of all
colours t but they carried the Girl to AmjlcrcUm, where
(he dyed. The Mother was very much concern’d at
rhe keeping of her Girl, however (he went into the
Sloop ivithout any refiftance, or any noife to have the
Girl again.
They carried her a-(hoar Weftward a League off the
Ship, to the place (lie pointed at. There the Seamen
found Fire, and feme Arms, and Utenfils, which made
tjjem believe, that the Savages run away upon the
light of the Sicop.
When they were come on board again, fo vio¬
lent a Storm, arofe on a fudden, that they were all
frighted out of their Wits. The Surges of the Sea
lofe higher than the Mafts, and toffed the Ship with
fuch (trength, that it was a Miracle lhe was not over¬
turn'd, and fplit in pieces. However, by the Grace
of God, (he got out of that Bay, which they called the
'Vnfortmutc B.zy.
The,next day about Evening they caft Anchor in
the Channel, but they were furprifed to fee'the An¬
chor without a Buoy, but the Weather was fo vio¬
lent,
 to the Streights of Magellan.
'lent, that they durft not venture to put one to it.
This accident obliged the Seamen to iail before the
Wind into the Bay De Cordes, fituated in the mid¬
dle of the Streigbr, and about 14 or 15 Leagues off
the place where they were, becaufe they knew that
Bay had a good bottom for anchorage.
With this view they coafted along Southward, that
they might be feen by the. Fidelity. When they got
into the Mouth of the Bay, they (hot a Gun to give
notice to the Captain that they were come, and
they imagined he had alfo Ihot another Gun as a Sig¬
nal of his hearing of them. Upon this the Faith con¬
tinued her courfe, chinking the other Ship followed her.
Although they failed only with the Fore-Maft-Sail,
the ftrengrh of the Wind drove them fo faft, that
they were forced to fallen the Sloop to the Ship with
two gteat Halfers or Cables, to make their courfe
flower. But the rowling Waves broke the two great.
Cables, and they never law the Sloop again.
This was a great lofs, for the Seamen having no
Sloop, could not go a-fhoar to take fome Proviflons.
The next day Decemb. the 16th, they difcovered a
Sloop to the Wellward, making towards them: Some
of them thought ’twas Captain De Cordes his Sloop,
others imagined it was the Sloop of a Ship belong¬
ing to the Fleet chat was come into the Streight, or
an Englijh Sloop; but others gueffed better, thinking
it was Oliver de Noorts Sloop, going to meet the Faith,
which he had feen from behind a Point three Leagues
off that place, where he lay at Anchor.
This unexpected meeting was matter of great Joy
to the Seamen, who were in hopes that the General
would help them. The Captain received with a great
deal of refpedl the Sloops Crew, who were all vi¬
gorous and in perfedt health, and who amongft o-
ther things told him, that they hadcatcht above aooo
Birds in the great Ifland of Pinguins: Thefe words
made the other Seamen’s Teeth water, and every one
wifh’d himfelf in tbac Ifland. Many of them were bold
enough to tell the Captain that they muft go thither,
where they might as well flay for the fair Wind, as in
any other place, and that it was but one League out
of the way. But the Captain declared to them, that
he would not depart from the General.
The
 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
The next day the General himfeif came to vifit the
Captain, and the day following the whole Fleet joined
him. The ad the Wind turning to the South-Weft, all
the Ships fet fail.
Having failed two or three Hours, De Ween defired
the General to lend him his Sloop, and three or four
of his Men to go before and tell Captain De Cordes,
to get himlelf ready to fail with the Fleet. The Ge¬
neral freely gave him his Sloop, and De Ween rowing
along a fmall Ifland, about which he had failed before,
he perceived two Fires, and becaufe he never faw any
Savages in the Ifland, he thought fome of Captain De
Cordes Seamen were there ; therefore he went a-fhoar,
but he met with no body, and went on board again
and join’d the Fleet.
His Ship was very foul, and could not follow the
other Ships; and for that reafon when (he was off the
Bay of the Knights, at Ebb-water, Ihe was forced to
fail back into the old place. The next day Ihe was expo-
fed to the fame Accident within a Cannon (hot of the o-
ther Ships: And becaufe (he was to pafs through a
very narrow Channel, into which run two Currents,
one from the Eaft, and the other from the Weft of the
Streight, which meeting together made a riling Surge,
that the Ship could not mafter.
Decemb. the %\th, they tryed again to double the
Point, behind which the Fleet lay at Anchor, but they
could not do it, for when the Tide came, it drove
them into the fame place again. The Captain feeing
’twas impoflible to double the Point with that Wind,
refolved to flay till it chang'd, left he (hould fatigue his
Men too much.
• But the General, tho' the Wind was contrary, fail¬
ed away, to look for a more convenient Road. Then
De Ween loft fight of the Fleet tho’ (he was not far
off, becaufe (he anchor’d behind a riling Ground.
De Ween defpairing to join the Fleet again, and fee¬
ing he could not fubfift without a Sloop, or a little
Boat, ordered that the pieces of an old great Sloop
which were in the Hold of the Ship, Ihould be taken
our, in order to build another that very day, which
was Chrijimas-Day: but the next day the Wind be¬
ing North, he put off the Work, in hopes of getting
into the little Bay, which was a League further than
 to the Streights of Magellan.
the Bay of the Knights, and in which he might build
the Sloop with more conveniency and fafety.
Buc the violence of the Wind forced them back a-
gain into the Bay of Cordis, five Leagues off, where
the 26th and 27tb of the fame Month, they endured
fo great a Storm, that the Seamen began to murmur
again, particularly becaufe they had been a Fortnight
without eating Mufcles, and had nothing but a fmall
proportion of Bisketand Oyl.
The Captain feeing them fo fawcy, call'd them all
together in his Cabbin, gave them good words, and
defired their advice of what was bell to be done in
this difficult Conjundlure. Some were of the opinion,
they Ihouid go to PJo dc Plata with the Sloop only,
and leave the Ship; telling the Portuguese they were
forced to it, bccaufe the Englifh gave her the Chafe.
Others were for failing to St. Helens to. take in frelh
Provifions, buc they.did not confider that ’twas impofii-
ble to get into that Illand by the Weft.
John Outgetss the Pilot (aid, they would do better
to go into the Gulph of Guiney, or upon the Gold Coaft,
where he was known, having made five Voyages into
that Country. Thefc different opinions did not pleafe
the Captain, and therefore he told them, he could refolve
upon nothing without Captain De Cordes confent. In
the mean while he order’d that the Sloop (hould be
built, and the firftof January 1600, he went on board
the lame Sloop andftecr’d herhimfelf a-lhoar, for the
better Caulking of her.
In the Afternoon having doubled the Southerly Point,
he difeover’d the two Sloops of General Oliver de Floor t,
who being put back to the Bay of Knights, had come
to fee whether the Faith was ftill in the Bay of De
Cordes. He brought a piece of Ice three or four Foot
thick, and faid he had feen many a great deal thicker,
tho’ it was in the middle of the Summer, and the Sava¬
ges went all naked.
The next day the General returned back, and pro-
mifed to fend his Sloop in quell of the Fidelity. The
Captain fent alfo his Sloop with his Enfign, and one
of his Pilots for the fame purpofe; and as they were
going by the Fleer, he charged them with a Letter
for the General, to defire him to fend him Biskec for
two Months, The Sloop came back the <jth of Jana-
 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships '
ary : The General made anfwer, that he did not know
whether he had Bisket enough for the Fleet, nor how
long he fhould be at Sea, and therefore he could not
fpare any.
This anfwer afflidcd Captain D: Wecrt the more,
that he had no hopes of meeting again with Captain
De Cordes, therefore he refolved to return into the I-
fland of Pinguins, and make a large Provifion of them,
that he might be able to follow the Fleet, in cafe the
Wind was fair. Before he failed away, he writ a
Letter to Captain De Cordes, which he left in the foot
of a Tree, upon which the General had writ the date
of his Fleet’s palling by that place, and nailed a board
to the Tree with thefe words written upon it, look in¬
to the foot of the Tree.
January the iitb 1600, the Ship failed towards the
Ifland of Pinguins, and the 1 zth they anchor'd under
the leaftlfland. Immediately the Captain landedwith
30 healthy and vigorous Men, leaving the Pilots and
the other Seamen on board. Coming near the (hoar,
they faw prodigious quantities of Birds, and leaving
only three Seamen on board the Sloop, went to kill
as many fowl as they could.
In the mean while the Wind grew fo high, and
the Sea lb ftormy, that the Sloop was driven upon
the Ihoar, and was fo full of Water before the Seamen
could get into her, and call fo far upon the Rocks,
that all the Seamen could not heave out the Water, or
hale her to the Ihoar. In fine, Ihe was fo much toG
fed by the Surges of the Sea, that they expeded every
Minute to fee her fplit in pieces.
In fuch an extremity the Seamen had no hopes of fa-
ving their Lives, for they could by no means return on
board their Ship again : They had no Carpenters, no
Tools, no Provifions, and no Wood, that Ifland pro¬
duces none. They were all over Wet, and ftarved with
Cold, for every one went into the Water to the Should
ders to draw the Sloop.
In fine, at low Water the Sloop being op. Ground, they
found an Ax and other Tools with Nails, which gave
’em fome hopes ot returning on board their Ship again.
But it being impolfible to draw the Sloop to the (hoar be¬
fore Night, they vvere forced to tarry till the next Day.
So they palled the Night in the open Air, and made fires
‘ with
 to the Streights of Magellan,
with fome of the broken Planks of the Sloop, ami eat
a few Birds half roafted, without Bread, and with fo
little Water, that they could not quench their Thirft.
As fcon as the Day-light was come, every one went
to work fo chearfully, that one fide of the Sloop which
was the moft damaged, was quite refitted before Night.
The next Day the other fide was alfo refitted, and tour
Men lav’d the Water out of her with Pails. Then they
laded her with 450 Pinguins, and about Evening they
went on board the Ship, after they had been three days
a-fhoar.
While they were catching the Pinguins,they had found
in one of their holes a Savage Woman, who had hid her
felf there all the while the Seamen tarried in the
Ifland. When General Oliver landed in that Ifland, the
Savages killed two of his Men, upon which he de-
ftroyed them all but this Woman, who was then woun¬
ded, and (hew’d her Wounds to the Sloop’s Crew.
Her Face was painted : (he had about her Body a
kind of a Cloak made of the skins of Beads and Fowls,
neatly fow’d together, which reach’d down to her
Knees, her Privy Parts were alfo cover’d with a Skin,
fc that the Savages of the Northerly part of the Streight,
are more modeft and fociablethan thofe that inhabit the
South of it.
This Woman was tall and well proportioned, and her
Hair was cut (hort, but the Men wear it prodigious long,
as we faw by the Corps of one of thole that had been
killed, who had fine feathers on his Head, and about his
Body. They make ufe of Bows and Arrows, at the end
of which a hard Flint is inlaid very neatly. The Cap¬
tain gave a Knife to that Woman, who in acknowledg¬
ment told him, he would find a greater abundance of
Birds in the biggeft of the two Illands, fo they left her
where (he was, tho’ (he wilhed to be rranfporred into the
Continent.
The Birds Pinguins are fo called, not becaufe they are
fat, (as the Author of this Journal imaginesj but becaufe
their Head is white. The word Pingnin fignifies in Englifh
white, as Sir T'homos Cavindifh obferves in his Voyage :
The old ones weigh from 12 to 16 pounds wcight,and the
young ones from 8 to 12. They are black upon the Back,
and white under the Belly; fome have about their Neck
a white Ring, fo that they are aimoft half white,half black.
' Their
34 The Voyage of five Dutch Ships
Their Skin is much like that of Sea-Dogs, and as
thick as the Skin of a wild Boar. Their Bill is as long
as the Bill of a Raven, but not fo crooked : their Neck
is Ihort and thick, and the Body as long as a Goofe, but
not fo big. Inftead of Wings they have two Fins hang¬
ing down, and cover’d with Feathers with which they
fwim with great ftrength.
They feldom come a-fhoar but when they brood, and
then they neftle three or four together in a hole. They
have black Feet like thofe of a Goofe, but not fo broad.
They walk upright, with their Fins hanging down like a
Man’s Arms, lo that afar off they look like Pigmeys.
They live upon nothing but Filh, and for all that they
have not the tafte of Fifh, but are extraordinary well taft-
;ed, They make their Holes in the Downs, as deep asCo-
ny-Holes,and the Ground about it is fo full of them,that
you can hardly walk along without falling into thofe
Holes to the knees.
January the i yb, the Ship reached the great Ifland of
Pingmns, a League off the fmail one, in order to catch
fome more. There they found fo great quantities of
them, that they might have furnith’d 15 Ships with them,
for they took above 900 in two Hours time.
The next day while they were bufie in falting them,
a great Storm arofe from the North-Weft, which carried
the Ship out of fight of the Ifland, and fo great a way
off, that the Captain was quite out of hopes of making
the Ifland again. Then he reduced the proportion of Bil¬
ker to a quarter of a pound to each Man a day.
However the 17 fA of the fame Month in the After¬
noon, they made the Ifland again : But when they were
going to land, the Storm was renew'd with fuch violence,
that they refolved to weigh Anchor and get out of the
Streight; but the Sea was fo rough, that they could not
doit: They were afraid the Capftan would flie. Atlaft
the Ships Anchor flipp’d, andtofave the Ship they eftt
the Cable, and fo they continued under fail not with¬
out great forrow, for having loft their Anchor, becaufe
they had but one more left.
This fad accident obliged the Captain to depart the
Streight without delay. Accordingly January lift 1600,
he failed out of the Mouth of the Channel with a South
Weft-Wind, choping fometimes to Faft-North-Eaft
after having fpent nine Months in thofe Seas, in a dange'
rous and diftnal condition. If
 to the St r eights of Magellan. K5
In the Afternoon having got into the Main, they left
the Sloop to drive in the Sea, becaufe the ftormy Wea¬
ther had made her unfit for Service. The 5.4tb in the
Morning they found fmall Iflands to the Windward,which
are not mark'd in the Map. They named thefethe Iflands
Sebald: They are 60 Leagues off the Continent, in 5°
Deg. 40 Min. There was plenty of Pinguins in thofe I-
fiands, but they could catch none, becaufe they had nei¬
ther Sloop nor Boar.
Feb. the 1 ft, a Seaman born at 'Bruxelles, named Nico-
1m Bllcli, was condemned to be hanged for having ftoln
out of the Hold a Bottle of Wine, and a Bag of Rice.
Upon thepointof his Execution, the Seamen interceded
for him, and got his Pardon, on condition that no Sea¬
men for the future, fhould beg any body's life that fhould
be guilty of fuch a Crime.
On the 3 d about Evening the fame Nicolas Bllcl\ was
accufed of having made himfelf drunk, fo that confe-
quently he mull have ftoln the Wine ; and was convict¬
ed of ftealing not only Wine, but alfo Victuals more than
he wanted for his neccflity, for which he was hanged,
and his Body thrown into the Sea, with the Rope about
his Neck.
March the 15tb, the Ship pafled the Equinoxial Line:
they began thar very day to diftribute no more Wine,
becaufe they had but one Pipe left, which they kept for
the fick.
The 28^ they faw the Cape of Monte upon the Coaft
of Gtilney; but the Captain was very angry with the Pi¬
lots, becaufe they had fleer’d another courfe than he de-
fign’d. The Seamen on their fide were alfo difcontent-
ed with the Captain, who having no Sloop nor Boar,
and but one Anchor, would not land; but being fatisfied
he had Bisket enough for four Months, at a quarter of a
pound a day to each Man, and two Ounces of Rice, he
caus’d them to tack about, and ftand to the Sea.
April the 1[i, in the Night they difcover’d fo me fire,
and thought at firft 'twas a Ship, but in the Day-light
they faw the fire a-lhoar, and thac they had run very near
the Coaft, being driven in by the Currents. At the fame
time their Pinguins were all gone, fo that if God’s Pro¬
vidence had not provided for them, they would have
been forced to be contented with a fmall proportion of
Bisket and Rice. But d uring five Weeks that they fleer’d
 7he Voyage of five Dutch Ships
along the Coaft, without advancing much farther, be-
caufe of. the calm Weather, they found plenty of all forts
of Filh, both great and fmall.
The Captain being uncertain how long he (hould ftay
in that place, and fearing that the want of Provifion;
would force him at laft to land, order’d a fmall Boat to
be built, 'which was finilhed in twelve days time, by the
direction of John Outgcrf* the Pilot, who had formerly
learnt the Trade of a Ship-Carpenter.
But they had no need of her, for the t\tb of the fame
Month, the Wind being fair, the Ship failed towards the
Scores Iflands.
May the 3d, they celebrated a publick Thankfgiving
Day, and the lift they paffed the Tropick. of Cancer, catch¬
ing every where fo great aquantity of Filh, that they had
enough both for fairing and drying. But when they were
off the Acorcs they found no more Fifh. fo that they were
forced to eat thofe they had faked ; and that new Food
caufed many Diftempers amongft the Seamen, and cfpe-
cially the Scurvy. They burn’d within, and were fo thir-
fty, that they could never quench their thirft, and their
Body was all over cover’d with red fpots like a Leper.
The 7th the Captain was informed that fome of the
Seamen had ftoln fome Bisket, but he durft not punilh
thofe that were guilty-of it, becaulethey were vigorous
and healthy, and nothing could be done without them.
July the 6th, the Ship got into t he Englifi Channel. The
Captain landed at Dover to buy an Anchor and a Cable,
but finding none, he fee fail again the fame Evening, On
the 130!) while he lay at the Mouth of the Maefi, wait¬
ing for the Tyde,witha Pilot on board,the Wind turned
contrary on a fudden, and forced him to go into the
Channel of Goeree, where a Seaman died, being the 6gth
that died in the whole Voyage. The other 36 who were
alive, gave thanks to God Almighty, who had prefer-
ved them from fo many Dangers, and brought them'
fate home.

F t N l S,

'ft m