Makalah Bahasa Inggris

MAKALAH
BAHASA INGGRIS
Disusun Oleh :
Nama : Alfin Kurniawan Aryanto

Kelas : XI MIPA 1
SMA NEGERI TELUK SEBONG

TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2022/2023
Descriptive Text
Defnition of Descriptive Text

Descriptive text is a text that describes a particular object in detail.
Purpose of Descriptive Text

The purpose of descriptive text is to describe an object in detail.
Structure of Descriptive Text

1.Identification
2.Description
Language Features of Descriptive Text

1.Adjective
2.Simple Present Tense
3.Adverb Of Frequency
Example of Descriptive Text

1.Description of Natural (Beauty Ungasan Melasti Beach)
2.Description of Animals (Te Mainecoon Cat)
Recount Text
Defnition of Recount Text

Recount text is a text which retells events or experiences in the past.
Purpose of Recount Text

Recount text purpose is to provide information about an event to the reader, or entertain the reader.
Structure of Recount Text

1.Orientation
2.Series of Events
3.Reorientation
Language Features of Recount Text

1.Using simple past tense
2.Using specific participant
3.Using personal participant
4.Using action verb
5.Using linking verb
6.Using chronological connection/sequence connective
7.Using conjunction
8.Using adverbs
9.Using adverb(ial) phrase
10.Using time connectives and sequence connectiven
Example of Recount Text

1. Personal account text
(Trip to the National Zoo and Aquarium)
2.Imaginative Recount Text
(Being a superhero)
Narrative Text
Defnition of Narrative Text
Narrative text is a type of text that tells a series of events with a chronological system or are
interconnected.
Purpose of Narrative Text

The social function of narrative text is to entertain the audience or readers.
Structure of Narrative Text

1.Orientation
2.Complication
3.Resolution
4.Reorientation
Language Features of Narrative Text

1.Simple Past Tense
2.Action Verb
3.Saying and Thinking Verb
4.Conjunction of Time
5.Adjective
6.Noun
Example of Narrative Text

1.Legend (Malin kundang)
2.Fairy tale (Tinkerbell)
3.Fable (Finding Nemo)
Report Text
Defnition of Report Text

Report text is an English text that presents information as it is. (same as Descriptive Text)
Purpose of Report Text

Provide various kinds of information to the reader about an object from the text
Structure of Report Text

1.General classification
2.Description
Language Features of Report Text

1.Simple present tense
2.Logical connector
Example of Report Text

1.Report Text about animals (the state of the panda in the zoo)
2.Report Text about a disaster event (flooding on the island of Java)
New Item Text
Defnition of New Item Text

News item is a text which informs readers about events of the day. The events are considered
newsworthy or important. It means if there is an important event that should be known by many
people.
Purpose of New Item Text

The function of news item text is also known as a social function, namely what is the
purpose of writing a text for the general public.
Structure of New Item Text
1.Main event/Newsworthy events
2. Elaboration/Background Event
3.Resource of Information (Source)
Language Features of New Item Text

2.Using saying verbs
3.Using action verbs
4.Using adverbs: time, place, manner
Example of New Item Text

1.News about child abduction
2.News about the land tax increase
Explanation Text
Defnition of Explanation Text

Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and
cultural phenomena.
Purpose of Explanation Text

To explain how or why something happens.
Structure of Explanation Text

1.General statement
2.Sequenced of explanation
Language Features of Explanation Text

1.Using simple present tense
2.Using abstract noun (no visible noun)
3. Using Passive voice
4.Using Action verbs
5. Containing explanation of the process
Example of Explanation Text

1.Example of Explanation Text about Natural Phenomenon (How does Rain Happen?)
2.Example of Explanation Text about Process of Making Chocolate (How Chocolate is Made)
Analytical Exposition Text
Defnition of Analytical Exposition Text

Analytical exposition text is a text that contains the author's opinion about things that happen
around him.
Purpose of Analytical Exposition Text

The purpose of an analytical exposition text is to convince the reader that the topic
presented is an important topic to discuss.
Structure of Analytical Exposition Text 1.Thesis

2.Arguments
3.Reiteration
Language Features of Analytical Exposition Text .

1.Simple Presents Tense
2.Thinking verbs
3.Internal conjunctions
Example of Analytical Exposition Text

1.Discussion on the importance of getting the COVID-19 vaccine.
2.Discussion on The Importance of Reading.
Hortatory Exposition Text
Defnition of Hortatory Exposition Text

Hortatory Exposition is a type of text or persuasive oral material, often used to explain
whether something should not be done.
Purpose of Hortatory Exposition Text

The purpose is to encourage or persuade the reader to do or not do something.
Structure of Hortatory Exposition Text

1.Thesis
2.Arguments
3.Recommendation
Language Features of Hortatory Exposition Text

1.Present tense
2.Conjunction
3.Evaluative words
4.Compound
5.Complex sentence
Example of Hortatory Exposition Text

1.Editorial,
2.letter to the editor
3. letter to a politician.
Procedure Text
Defnition of Procedure Text

Procedure text is a text that explains, informs, or helps the reader on how to make or use
something.
Purpose of Procedure Text

The purpose of procedure text is to show how something is made/used/done through
sequence of steps.
Structure of Procedure Text

1.Goal
2.Materials
3.Steps
Language Features of Procedure Text

1.Simple Present Tense
2.Imperative Sentences
3.Connectives
4.Adverb
Example of Procedure Text

Procedure text that explains how to operate/use something:
how to use an air fryer, how to use a dishwasher, how to use a camera.
Procedure text that gives instructions in carrying out certain activities:

how to play the violin, how to create a website, and how to make rendang.
Discussion Text
Defnition of Discussion Text
Discussion text is a text that contains a discussion related to an issue.
Purpose of Discussion Text

The purpose of the discussion text is to convey arguments and information from various
points of view.
Structure of Discussion Text

1.Statement of issue
2.List of supporting points
3. List of contrast points
4.Recommendation
Language Features of Discussion Text

1.Introducing category or generic participant
2.Using the thinking verb
3.Using additive, contrast, and casual connection
4.Using modalities
5.Using adverbs of manner
Example of Discussion Text

1.National Exam: Pro and Contra?
2.Nuclear Energy : Advantage Or Disadvantage
Review Text
Defnition of Review Text
Review text is a type of text in English that contains reviews, evaluations,
assessments or assessments of a product.
Purpose of Review Text

Review text is used to critic the events or art works for the reader or listener, such as
movies, shows, book, and others.
Structure of Review Text

1.Orientation
2.Evaluations
3.Interpretative Recount
4.Evaluative Summation
Language Features Review Text

1.Using simple present tense
2.Using adjectives
3.Focus on specific participants
4.Using long and complex clauses
5.Using metaphor or idiom
Example of Review Text

1.book review (Laskar pelangi novel)
2.movie review ( marnie was there movie)
3.skincare review (Wardah skincare)
Anecdote Text
Defnition of Anecdote Text
Anecdote is a text which retells funny and unusual incidents in fact or imagination.
Purpose of Anecdote Text

To tell the past events in order to amuse the readers or listeners by telling the
unusual and/or amusing incidents.
Structure of Anecdote Text

1.Abstract
2.Orientation
3.Crisis
4.Incident atau Reaction
5.Coda
Language Features of Anecdote Text

1. Action Verb went
2.Imperative Sentence
3. Exclamation Sentence
Example of Anecdote Text

1.Humorous (Spoof)
2.Reminiscent (Left Behind)
3.Philosophical (Go Left)
Spoof Text
Defnition of Spoof Text

Spoof text is a type of text or story that has a funny twist or surprise at the end.
Purpose of Spoof Text

The purpose of spoof text itself is to entertain other people with a funny story.
Structure of Spoof Text

1.Orientation
2.Events
3.Twist
Language Features of Spoof Text

1. Focusing on people, animals or certain things
2.Using action verb
3.Using adverb of time
5.Using chronological connectives
Example of Spoof Text

1.Minions
2.The Spongebob

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MAKALAH

Nama : Alfin Kurniawan Aryanto

SMA NEGERI TELUK SEBONG

Defnition of Descriptive Text

Purpose of Descriptive Text

Structure of Descriptive Text

Language Features of Descriptive Text

Example of Descriptive Text

Defnition of Recount Text

Purpose of Recount Text

Structure of Recount Text

Language Features of Recount Text

Example of Recount Text

Defnition of Narrative Text

Purpose of Narrative Text

Structure of Narrative Text

Language Features of Narrative Text

Example of Narrative Text

Defnition of Report Text

Purpose of Report Text

Structure of Report Text

Language Features of Report Text

Example of Report Text

New Item Text

Defnition of New Item Text

Purpose of New Item Text

Language Features of New Item Text

Example of New Item Text

Defnition of Explanation Text

Purpose of Explanation Text

Structure of Explanation Text

Language Features of Explanation Text

Example of Explanation Text

Defnition of Analytical Exposition Text

Purpose of Analytical Exposition Text

Structure of Analytical Exposition Text 1.Thesis

Language Features of Analytical Exposition Text .

Example of Analytical Exposition Text

Hortatory Exposition Text

Defnition of Hortatory Exposition Text

Purpose of Hortatory Exposition Text

Structure of Hortatory Exposition Text

Language Features of Hortatory Exposition Text

Example of Hortatory Exposition Text

Defnition of Procedure Text

Purpose of Procedure Text

Structure of Procedure Text

Language Features of Procedure Text

Example of Procedure Text

Procedure text that gives instructions in carrying out certain activities:

Purpose of Discussion Text

Structure of Discussion Text

Language Features of Discussion Text

Example of Discussion Text

Purpose of Review Text

Structure of Review Text

Language Features Review Text

Example of Review Text

Purpose of Anecdote Text

Structure of Anecdote Text