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Power Flow Solution Using NR Method

The document discusses power flow solution methods, focusing on the Newton-Raphson method. It approximates the set of nonlinear simultaneous equations using Taylor series expansion. The method iteratively solves the linearized system until convergence is reached. It defines the vector of unknown variables and formulates the power flow equations in terms of this vector. The Jacobian matrix of partial derivatives is also computed.

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yohannis masresha
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68 views

Power Flow Solution Using NR Method

The document discusses power flow solution methods, focusing on the Newton-Raphson method. It approximates the set of nonlinear simultaneous equations using Taylor series expansion. The method iteratively solves the linearized system until convergence is reached. It defines the vector of unknown variables and formulates the power flow equations in terms of this vector. The Jacobian matrix of partial derivatives is also computed.

Uploaded by

yohannis masresha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Power Flow Solution Using Newton –

Raphson Method
The second major method for power flow solution is Newton
Raphson method.

It is an iterative method which approximates the set of non-


linear simultaneous equations to a set of linear equations
using Taylor’s series expansion.

The main idea behind Newton-Raphson is to use sequential


linearization
Newton – Raphson Method (cont’d)
Newton –Raphson Method (cont’d)
The general form of this problem: Find an x such
that f(x) = 0
The vector of unknown variables can be defined in
two steps. We define the vector of unknown
angles  and the vector of unknown voltage
magnitudes |V|.
 2  |VN 1|
  |V |
  3
, |V|   N 2 

    
   
 N   |VN| 
Newton –Raphson Method (cont’d)
• We define the vector x as the composite vector
of unknown angles and voltage magnitudes.

 2 
   With this notation, we see
 
that the right-hand sides of
3

  
   N  the power flow equations
x      
|V |  |V N  1|  depend on the elements of
 |V N  2| 
  the unknown vector x.
  
 |V N | 
Newton –Raphson Method (cont’d)
Expressing this dependence more explicitly, we
rewrite as:
Pk  Pk ( x) , k  2 ,...,N
Qk  Qk ( x ) , k  N G  1,...,N
Here, Pk and Qk are the specified (known) injections, while Pk(x)
and Qk(x) are functions of the elements in the unknown vector X

Bringing the left-hand side to the right-hand side, we


have:
Pk ( x)  Pk  0 , k  2 ,...,N
Qk ( x )  Qk  0 , k  N G  1,...,N
Newton – Raphson Method (cont’d)

We now define a vector-valued function f(x) as:

And represent f(x) by a Taylor series


Using Taylor series expansion
Power Flow Solution Using Newton –Raphson
Method
Power Flow Solution Using Newton –Raphson
Method
Power Flow Solution Using Newton –Raphson
Method
Using Gauss elimination technique

Triangularize into Uper Triangula (UT) matrix

-changing all values of A below the diagonal into 0.


-Method of solving the problem by back substitution
Other decomposition methods for solving set of linear
equations:
- Factorize A by Lower and Upper triangular
matrices (LU Factorization)
- Bi-Factorization methods
Computation of Jacobian matrix
We have seen that:

Calc
Kno
ulat
wn
ed
Computation of Jacobian matrix
(cont’d)

J1 J2

J3 J4
Algorithm for N-R power flow

Scheduled
Calculated
Decoupled Power Flow

Strong coup. Weak coup.

In other words, P depends only on  and Q depends only on V .

Q Strong coup. V P Weak coup. V


Decoupled Power Flow (cont’d)
• This interesting property of weak coupling
between P -  and Q - V variables gave the
necessary motivation in developing the
decoupled load flow (DLF) method, in which
P− and Q-V problem are solved separately.
• In any conventional Newton method, half of
the elements of the Jacobean matrix
represent the weak coupling, and therefore
may be ignored.
Decoupled Power Flow
Fast Decoupled Power Flow
Fast Decoupled Power Flow (Contd.)
Fast Decoupled Power Flow (Contd.)
Fast decoupled power flow solution
strategy
Application of Power Flow studies
 Power flow analysis provides the steady
state operating condition (power flow , bus
voltages) of a power system.
 It is a fundamental and most common study
of the power transmission network.
 It is an integral part of modern system
planning and operation studies.
 It is a starting point for many other studies -
Short circuit, Transient Stability

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