Banha University First Term, Academic Year 2022/2023

Faculty of AI& M 317 - Medical Image Processing

Computer Science Sheet 3

St. Name:

First: Choose the correct answer (1 mark)

1. The initial step in any image processing technique is
a) segmentation
b) masking
c) image acquisition
d) normalization

2. What is spatial resolution?

a. it‘s the largest discernible detail in an image.
b. it‘s the smallest discernible detail in an image.
c) a & b
d) None

3. The spatial domain refers:

a. to the image plane itself, and approaches in this category are based on indirect manipulation
of
pixels in an image.
b. to the image plane itself, and approaches in this category are based on direct manipulation
of pixels in an image.
c) a & b
d) None

4. Smoothing spatial filters are used for:

a. blurring
b. noise reduction
c) a & b
d) None

5. spatial filtering is the method of choice in situation when only:

a. additive noise is present.
b. additive noise is absent.
c. additive noise is doublet.

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 d. none of above

6. Advantage of ................is finding the brightest points in an image.

a. max filter
b. min filter
c. median filter
d. none of above
7. Advantage of .............. is finding the darkest points in an image.

a. max filter
b. min filter
c. median filter
d. none of above

8. Which type of noise reduced by Max filter:

a. salt and pepper noise

b. salt noise
c. pepper noise
d. none of above

9. Which type of noise reduced by min filter:

a. salt and pepper noise

b. salt noise
c. pepper noise
d. none of above

10. Midpoint filter works best for.............

a. salt and pepper noise
b. salt noise
c. random noise
d. none of above

11. What is accepting or rejecting certain frequency components called as?

A. filtering
B. eliminating
C. slicing
D. none of the mentioned

12. A filter that passes low frequencies is ____________________.

A. band pass filter
B. high pass filter
C. low pass filter

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 D. none of the mentioned

13. What is the process of moving a filter mask over the image and computing the sum of
products at each location called as?
A. convolution
B. correlation
C. linear spatial filtering
D. non linear spatial filtering

14. What is required to generate an M X N linear spatial filter?

A. mn mask coefficients
B. m+n coordinates
C. mn spatial coefficients
D. none of the mentioned

15. This is a:
-1 -1 -1
-1 8 -1
-1 -1 -1

a. Point Detection mask

b. Line detection mask (Horizontal)
c. Line detection mask (vertical)
d. none of above

16. This is a:

-1 -1 -1
2 2 2
-1 -1 -1
a. Point Detection mask
b. Line detection mask (Horizontal)
c. Line detection mask (vertical)
d. none of above

17. This is a:

-1 -1 2
-1 2 -1
2 -1 -1
a. Point Detection mask
b. Line detection mask (+450)
c. Line detection mask (vertical)
d. none of above

18. This is a:
-1 2 -1
-1 2 -1
-1 2 -1
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 a. Point Detection mask
b. Line detection mask (+450)
c. Line detection mask (vertical)
d. none of above

19. This is a:
2 -1 -1
-1 2 -1
-1 -1 2
a. Point Detection mask
b. Line detection mask (-450)
c. Line detection mask (vertical)
d. none of above

20. ............will result with max response when a line passed through the middle row of the mask
with a constant background.

a. Horizon mask
b. Horizontal mask
c. vertical mask
d. none of above

21. if we are interested in detecting all lines in an image in the direction defined by a given mask,
we
simply run the mask through the image and threshold the absolute value of the result.

a. Line Detection
b. edge detection
c. point detection
d. none of above

22. Blurred edges tend to be ....... and sharp edges tend to be......:

a. thick, thin
b. thick, thick
c. thin, thin
d. none of above

23. An imaginary straight line joining the extreme positive and negative values of the second derivative
would cross zero near the midpoint of the edge.

a. two-crossing property
b. one-crossing property
c. Zero-crossing property
d. none of above

24. ..............should be serious consideration prior to the use of derivatives in applications where noise is
likely to be present.

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 a. Image smoothing
b. image compression
c. image enhancement
d. none of above

25. This is a:

-1 0 1 -1 -1 -1
-1 0 1 0 0 0
-1 0 1 1 1 1

a. Prewitt edge detection gradient mask

b. Sobel edge detection gradient mask
c. Roberts edge detection gradient mask
d. none of above

26. This is a:

-1 0 1 -1 -2 -1
-2 0 2 0 0 0
-1 0 1 1 2 1

a. Prewitt edge detection gradient mask

b. Sobel edge detection gradient mask
c. Roberts edge detection gradient mask
d. none of above

27. Laplacian combined with smoothing to find edges via.............

a. two-crossing
b. one-crossing
c. zero-crossing
d. none of above

28. The threshold used for each pixel depends on the location of the pixel in terms of the subimages,
this type of thresholding is...........

a. adaptive
b. static
c. modern
d. none of above

29. ................contributes significantly to algorithms for feature detection, segmentation, and motion
analysis.

a. point detection
b. line detection
c. Edge detection

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 d. none of above

30. An ........a place where there is a rapid change in the brightness (or other property) of an image.

a. edge
b. point
c. line
d. none of above

Second : Answer the following (2 mark)

1. What is the difference between?
• 4-neighbor and 8-neighbor and which could be used to get less number of
regions
• Low pass filter and high pass filter and which could be used to get the vessel-
edges
• Smoothing and sharpening and which could be used to enhance the sea-picture
• Convolution and correlation and which could be used for pattern match
• Edge detection in first order derivative and second order derivative and which
could be used in fingerprint processing

2. Discuss the issue of

• Image borders in spatial filtering
• Filter parameters in spatial filtering

3. Write an algorithm – based on different combinations of filters- to improve the

following image