1.a). AM Modulator and Demodulator b.

) Side Band Power in Amplitude Modulation

A message signal of 1 KHz at 0.5 volt amplitude is applied at the modulating signal
input and Frequency of the input carrier is fixed at constant amplitude of 1 volt and
150 KHz. Measure the results of (i) amplitude of message signal is varied in
1 (a) accordance with the Instantaneous values of message signal. (ii) Demodulated signal
Calculate the side band power of Double side band Suppressed Full Carrier-amplitude
modulation when the carrier power is 124 W, and there is 80% modulation depth in
(b) the amplitude modulated signal using SCI Lab
2.a.) Time Division Multiplexing and Demultiplexing b.) Side Band Frequencies in
Amplitude Modulation
Measure the process of combining multiple signals into one signal, over a shared
medium and extracting the number of channels from one. If many signals must be
sent along a single long-distance line, careful engineering is required to ensure that
the system will perform properly such scheme allows for variation in the number of
signals being sent along the line, and constantly adjusts the time intervals to make
2 (a) optimum use of the available bandwidth.
A modulation device has two input signals, a message signal m(t) and the carrier
signal cosωct. The baseband signal frequency is much less than the frequencies of
the carrier signal Fc.If the baseband frequency is 1k Hz and the carrier signal
frequency is 1M Hz, the sidebands will extend from the range as follows. Calculate
the side band frequencies of Double side band Suppressed Full Carrier-amplitude
(b) modulation using SCI Lab
3. a) FM Modulator and Demodulator b) Image Frequency and IFRR in AM Receiver
Generate the waveforms for broadcast stations in the VHF portion of the frequency
spectrum between 88.5 and 108 MHz often use large values of deviation (±75 kHz) is
3 (a) used for two-way radio communication applications.
In an AM superheterodyne receiver that local osicllator frequency of the mixer is set
at thehigher of the two possible values, such that fLO>fc always. The intermediate
frequency(IF) of the receier is 450 kHz and the receiver is tuned to a station carrier
frequency of 600kHz. If the RF amplifier is failed to reject the image frequency and
the loaded quality factorof the RF amplifier is 100, then the image frequency
(b) rejection ratio of the receiver using scilab.
4.a) Signal Sampling and reconstruction b) Frequency Deviation, Modulation Index for
FM
Build and test sampling/reconstruction circuits and study the effect of the
reconstruction filter (order and cutoff frequency) on the quality of the recovered signal.
4 (a) Generate the spectra of the signals at different points in the sampling system.
Determine modulation index and Frequency deviation ratio when both have important
places within the design of broadcast and radio communication systems. The figures
define the level of modulation and hence many of the properties of the frequency
(b) modulated signal. Accordingly they are important when using FM.
 5. a) Pulse Code Modulation and Demodulation b) Spread Spectrum Modulation-
Processing Gain, PN Sequence Length

Generate an analog signal into a pulse digital signal and to convert the digital signal
5 (a) into analog signal.
Pseudonoise sequences are typically used for pseudorandom scrambling and in direct-
sequence spread-spectrum systems. Determine the sequence length of PN Sequence
(b) using SCILAB

6. a) Pulse Amplitude Modulation b) Simulation of signal constellations for Binary

Phase Shift Keying

Verify an analog pulse modulation scheme in which the amplitudes of a train of carrier pulses
are varied according to the sample value of the message signal and demodulation process with
6 (a) Relevant Waveforms.

Implement constellation diagram of digital modulation scheme that conveys data by changing,
or modulating, two different phases of a reference signal (the carrier wave) positioned with
(b) uniform angular spacing around a circle. using SCILAB

7. a) Pulse Position Modulation b) Spread Spectrum Modulation-Processing Gain, PN

Sequence Length

Implement analog modulating scheme in which the amplitude and width of the pulses
are kept constant, while the position of each pulse, with reference to the position of a
(a)
reference pulse varies according to the instantaneous sampled value of the message
signal.
7 A Spread spectrum communication system has the following parameters.
Information bit duration Tb = 1.024 msecs and PN chip duration of 1µsecs. The
(b) average probability of error of system is not to exceed 10
-5 . Determine Processing gain, PN sequence length, Jamming margin in spread
spectrum signal using SCILAB.

8. a) Pulse Width Modulation b) Simulation of signal constellations for Frequency Shift

Keying

Show the results of (i) leading edge of the pulse being constant, the trailing edge
8 (a) varies according to the message signal with Relevant Waveforms.
Implement constellation diagram of constant-envelope form of angle modulation
similar to conventional frequency modulation except that the modulating signal
varies between two discrete voltage levels (i.e., 1's and 0's) rather than with a
(b) continuously changing value using SCILAB
9. a) Signal
Sampling and reconstruction b) Simulation of signal constellations for
Differential Phase Shift Keying

Analyze a continuous time signal can be represented in its samples and can be
recovered back when sampling frequency fs is greater than or equal to the twice the
highest frequency component of message signal using Trainer Kit.
9 (a)

Using SCILAB Implement constellation diagram of phase of the modulated signal

is shifted relative to the previous signal element. No reference signal is considered
here. The signal phase follows the high or low state of the previous element such
(b) technique doesn’t need a reference oscillator.

10. a) Pulse
Code Modulation and Demodulation b) Spread Spectrum Modulation-
Processing Gain, PN Sequence Length

Generate an analog signal into a pulse digital signal and to convert the digital signal
10 (a) into analog signal.
A Spread spectrum communication system has the following parameters.
Information bit duration Tb = 1.024 msecs and PN chip duration of 1µsecs. The
average probability of error of system is not to exceed 10
-5 . Determine Processing gain, PN sequence length, Jamming margin in spread
(b) spectrum signal using SCILAB.

11 a) Signal Sampling and reconstruction b) Image Frequency and IFRR in AM Receiver

Build and test sampling/reconstruction circuits and study the effect of the
reconstruction filter (order and cutoff frequency) on the quality of the recovered
signal. Generate the spectra of the signals at different points in the sampling
11 (a) system.
In an AM superheterodyne receiver that local osicllator frequency of the mixer is
set at thehigher of the two possible values, such that fLO>fc always. The
intermediate frequency(IF) of the receier is 450 kHz and the receiver is tuned to a
station carrier frequency of 600kHz. If the RF amplifier is failed to reject the
image frequency and the loaded quality factorof the RF amplifier is 100, then the
(b) image frequency rejection ratio of the receiver using scilab.

Pulse Code Modulation and Demodulation b) Side Band Frequencies in Amplitude

12 a)
Modulation

Generate an analog signal into a pulse digital signal and to convert the digital
12 (a) signal into analog signal.
A modulation device has two input signals, a message signal m(t) and the carrier
signal cosωct. The baseband signal frequency is much less than the frequencies
of the carrier signal Fc.If the baseband frequency is 1k Hz and the carrier signal
frequency is 1M Hz, the sidebands will extend from the range as follows.
Calculate the side band frequencies of Double side band Suppressed Full Carrier-
(b) amplitude modulation using SCI Lab
13 a) Pulse Amplitude Modulation b) Frequency Deviation, Modulation Index for FM

Verify an analog pulse modulation scheme in which the amplitudes of a train of

carrier pulses are varied according to the sample value of the message signal and
13 (a) demodulation process with Relevant Waveforms.
Determine modulation index and Frequency deviation ratio when both have
important places within the design of broadcast and radio communication systems.
The figures define the level of modulation and hence many of the properties of the
(b) frequency modulated signal. Accordingly they are important when using FM.

14 a) SignalSampling and reconstruction b) Simulation of signal constellations for

Differential Phase Shift Keying

Build and test sampling/reconstruction circuits and study the effect of the
reconstruction filter (order and cutoff frequency) on the quality of the recovered
signal. Generate the spectra of the signals at different points in the sampling
14 (a) system.
Implement constellation diagram of digital modulation scheme that conveys data
by changing, or modulating, two different phases of a reference signal (the
carrier wave) positioned with uniform angular spacing around a circle. using
(b) SCILAB

15 a) FM Modulator and Demodulator b) Simulation of signal constellations for Frequency

Shift Keying

Measure the results of (i) Frequency of message signal is varied in accordance

15 (a) with the Instantaneous values of message signal. (ii) Demodulated signal
Implement constellation diagram of constant-envelope form of angle modulation
similar to conventional frequency modulation except that the modulating signal
varies between two discrete voltage levels (i.e., 1's and 0's) rather than with a
(b) continuously changing value using SCILAB

16 a) SignalSampling and reconstruction b) Simulation of signal constellations for

Differential Phase Shift Keying

Measure sampling and reconstruction circuits and verify the effect of the
16 (a) reconstruction filter on the quality of the recovered signal.
Using SCILAB Implement constellation diagram of phase of the modulated signal
is shifted relative to the previous signal element. No reference signal is considered
here. The signal phase follows the high or low state of the previous element such
(b) technique doesn’t need a reference oscillator.
17 a) AM Modulatorand Demodulator b) Spread Spectrum Modulation-Processing Gain,
PN Sequence Length

Measure the results of (i) amplitude of message signal is varied in accordance with
17 (a) the Instantaneous values of message signal. (ii) Demodulated signal
A Spread spectrum communication system has the following parameters.
Information bit duration Tb = 1.024 msecs and PN chip duration of 1µsecs. The
average probability of error of system is not to exceed 10 -5 . Determine Processing
gain, PN sequence length, Jamming margin in spread spectrum signal using
(b) SCILAB.

18 a) Pulse Code Modulation and Demodulation b) Image Frequency and IFRR in AM

Receiver
Generate an analog signal into a pulse digital signal and to convert the digital
18 (a) signal into analog signal.
In an AM superheterodyne receiver that local osicllator frequency of the mixer is
set at thehigher of the two possible values, such that fLO>fc always. The
intermediate frequency(IF) of the receier is 450 kHz and the receiver is tuned to a
station carrier frequency of 600kHz. If the RF amplifier is failed to reject the
image frequency and the loaded quality factorof the RF amplifier is 100, then the
(b) image frequency rejection ratio of the receiver using scilab.

19 a) Signal Sampling and reconstruction b) Side Band Power in Amplitude Modulation

Analyze a continuous time signal can be represented in its samples and can be
recovered back when sampling frequency fs is greater than or equal to the twice
the highest frequency component of message signal using Trainer Kit.
19 (a)
Calculate the side band power of Double side band Suppressed Full Carrier-
amplitude modulation when the carrier power is 124 W, and there is 80%
(b) modulation depth in the amplitude modulated signal using SCI Lab

20 a) FM Modulator and Demodulator b) Simulation of signal constellations for

Differential Phase Shift Keying

Generate the waveforms for broadcast stations in the VHF portion of the
frequency spectrum between 88.5 and 108 MHz often use large values of deviation
20 (a) (±75 kHz) is used for two-way radio communication applications.
Implement constellation diagram of digital modulation scheme that conveys data
by changing, or modulating, two different phases of a reference signal (the carrier
(b) wave) positioned with uniform angular spacing around a circle. using SCILAB
Aim, Circuit Diagram Output Technical Record Total
Components & Circuit Verification Questions by (10) (100)
Required & Connection/ & result Examiner (10)
Procedure Simulation (10*2=20)
(10*2=20) (20*2 = 40)