OOPs Project Report

Submitted By:

Jaisha Naz
Object-Oriented Programming in C++
Session: Fall 22, 2A

BSE-22S-053
Department of Software Engineering
Submitted To:

Dr. Haque Nawaz Lashari

Project Title:

“ATM Machine Simulator in C++”

 Table of Contents
ABSTRACT.....................................................................5
Chapter 1: Introduction.....................................................5
1.1 BACKGROUND.......................................................5
1.2 MOTIVATION.........................................................6
1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT.......................................7
1.4 Solution Statement....................................................7
1.6 LIMITATION...........................................................8
Chapter 2: Literature Review............................................8
Chapter 3: Methodology...................................................9
Chapter 4: Implementation.............................................12
Chapter 5: Result & Discussion.......................................14
Chapter 6: Findings..........................................................18
CONCLUSION..............................................................19
REFERENCES..............................................................19
 CERTIFICATE
Department of Software Engineering
Object Oriented Program
(CSC-104)

This is to certify that Mr/Ms. JAISHA NAZ So/Do MERAJ AHMED having Roll No BSE-22S-053 has
successfully completed research work during Fall Semester 2022.

Course Supervisor: Student

Name
Dr. Haque Nawaz Lashari Jaisha Naz

Signature: Signature:
 ACKNOWLEGEMENT
Date: 07/January/2023

In the accomplishment of completion of my project on ATM Machine

Simulator in C++. I would like to convey my special gratitude to Dr. Haque
Nawaz Lashari of Department of Software Engineering.

Your valuable guidance and suggestions helped me in various phases of the completion
of this project. I will always be thankful to you in this regard.

I am ensuring that this project was finished by me and not copied.

Name: JAISHA NAZ

Signature:
ABSTRACT
ATM Simulator was developed using the C++ programming language and is based on the
concept of managing cash transactions in personal accounts. Users can manage cash
activities such as withdrawals, deposits, and account balance inquiries. This ATM simulator
is a mini project of the real ATM. With this ATM system, the above problems are overcome
here, and the transaction is performed personally by the customer, making the customer feel
safe and secure. Therefore, by applying our system, customers can check the account balance
and transaction amount by checking the PIN, making the ATM system easier to use. This
code has 4 ATM cardholders. Each cardholder is assigned the PIN code for the ATM card
and Account number.
This simulator was developed using C++. It's a GUI-based application that helps users
withdraw money from the bank and displays a receipt on the withdrawal.

Chapter 1: Introduction
ATM Simulator is developed using C++ Programming Language and is based on a concept of
managing cash transactions of a personal account. The user can manage cash activities such as
withdrawals, deposits, and balance inquiries. This ATM Simulator is basically the mini project of
the real ATM.

1.1 BACKGROUND
The requirement of this project comes when End-Users want to fetch money from his/her
existing bank account. Thus, using a right technique or approach will not only help the user in
terms of time, but will also get the correct information. Using an ATM, customers may access
their bank accounts in order to make account withdraws and check their account balances. There
are 1.5 million ATMs deployed around the world today and this figure is forecast to reach 2
million by 2011 according to Retail Banking Research. With 63% of all bank customer
transactions taking place via the ATM, the ATM is one of the most fundamental and important
of all channels for customers. It is time that ATMs evolve from being simply a mechanism for
cash withdrawal to become an integral part of the customer’s communication with the bank. In
order to minimize costs and to ensure that the ATM channel remains self-sufficient, it is
becoming increasingly important to offer a broader transaction set via the ATM. With the advent
of new Windows based software combined with any ATM hardware, banks can now offer
revenue generating facilities such as mobile top-up and bill payment as well as provide a vehicle
for targeted third party and own products and services advertising. It provides an overview of the
work required to correlate objective and subjective performance measurements of
communication systems. Important performance measurement issues are discussed, and
shortcomings of current methods and the impact of new transmission technologies and services
are conveyed. Desired future activities and goals are outlined in relation to the classification and
definition of various services and the development of key performance indicators. [1] The system
is started up when the operator turns the operator switch to the "on" position. The operator will
be asked to enter the amount of money currently in the cash dispenser, and a connection to the
bank will be established. Then the servicing of customers can begin.[12] Memory in C++ can be
divided into his two parts: stack and heap. The stack refers to memory allocated for variables
declared within a function. In contrast, heap refers to unused memory that can be dynamically
allocated. For example, if you do not know the memory requirements for storing information in
predefined variables, the memory size can be determined manually at run time. This is
accomplished with a special operator called the new operator that returns the address of the
allocated memory. If you do not need this, you can free the memory using the delete operator.
[13] I have visited many software applications to think what will be appropriate to build but I
choose ATM Simulator because it is easier to understand and make our transactions easy to do.
ATM software has become essential to financial institutions. Customers take it for granted that a
bank will have an ATM machine. [14] The ATM Simulator is built to serve both bank and
customer. For the bank, ATM software increases automation and reduces manual handling of
routine paperwork. For customers, ATMs are ubiquitous and always available, processing
recurring transactions whenever and wherever customers desire. [15]

1.2 MOTIVATION
ATM system was the application for transactions of cash, which makes the work easiest, the
primary goal of developing such software is to develop software so that consumer can access a
bank’s computer and carry out their own financial transactions without the mediation of a bank
employee. I have visited many software applications to think what will be appropriate to build
but I choose ATM Simulator because it is easier to understand and make our transactions easy to
do. ATM software has become essential to financial institutions. Customers take it for granted
that a bank will have an ATM machine. ATM machines are available at many stores, sporting
events, colleges, and other locations throughout the world. ATM is:
 Technology that helps to implement low-cost, high-performance switches.
 Flexible local communication mechanism to support multi-service traffic.
 A means of providing wide area ATM services (especially his B-ISDN) to desktop end
systems.
 A means of decoupling various aspects of policy and implementation, such as resource
management, billing, and authentication.
Many companies offer ATM products. As a result, only vendors or large financial firms may be
able to justify the cost and effort to create ATM software.

1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT

The goal of this design is to provide an interface which allows the controlling authority to
remotely configure the system and to be accessible by a wide range of people. The interaction
provides direct manipulation and natural language interfaces. Input will be in the form of a
graphical user interface. Output will be from high resolution graphics, and printed forms. The
information is displayed in text format with an icon extension.
The primary goal of developing such software is to develop software so that consumer can
access a bank’s computer and carry out their own financial transactions without the mediation of
a bank employee.
 Who is the application for?
Many companies offer ATM products. As a result, only vendors or large financial firms
may be able to justify the cost and effort to create ATM software. A small vendor would need
some special feature to differentiate itself from the crowd and attract attention. Though this
software fully implements the functionally of the ATM that is available in the market today, but
largely it includes all the essential features that an ATM software must have.
 What problem will it solve?
The ATM Simulator is built to serve both bank and customer. For the bank, ATM
software increases automation and reduces manual handling of routine paperwork. For
customers, ATMs are ubiquitous and always available, processing recurring transactions
whenever and wherever customers desire.
 Where will it be used?
ATM software has become essential to financial institutions. Customers take it for
granted that a bank will have an ATM machine. ATM machines are available at many stores,
sporting events, colleges, and other locations throughout the world.
 How will it work?
We have to enter pin code to access this ATM simulator and to perform actions like
withdraw, deposit, balance Inquiry etc.

1.4 Solution Statement

The ATM Simulator is built to serve both bank and customer. For the bank, ATM software
increases automation and reduces manual handling of routine paperwork. For customers, ATMs
are ubiquitous and always available, processing recurring transactions whenever and wherever
customers desire. The interaction provides direct manipulation and natural language interfaces.
Input will be in the form of a graphical user interface. Output will be from high resolution
graphics, and printed forms. The information is displayed in text format with an icon extension.
Therefore, by applying our system, customers can check the account balance and transaction
amount by checking the PIN, making the ATM system easier to use. This code has 4 ATM
cardholders. Each cardholder is assigned the PIN code for the ATM card and Account number.
As a result, only vendors or large financial firms may be able to justify the cost and effort to
create ATM software. A small vendor would need some special feature to differentiate itself
from the crowd and attract attention.

1.6 LIMITATION
 Only user can access the account.
 In case of generation of new PIN code, the PIN was send to direct Home Address.
  If there is a problem with your bank card or you forgot your PIN, you will not be able to
withdraw money.
 Restrictions on cash withdrawals from ATMs.
 Lost ATM cards can be abused.
 Bank ATMs are limited in rural areas.
Installing an ATM can be affordable for financial institutions, but not for users. Banks and
device owners generate a lot of revenue from ATMs in the form of fees they charge to users who
use them. Transaction costs are the main drawback of ATMs.

Chapter 2: Literature Review

In 2005, Wells Fargo, one of the largest US banks, I decided to fix the problem by redesigning
the ATM user interface Issues and bugs that help improve customer satisfaction User experience
[2]. One of the famous studies on ATM [3] says middle-aged people face it ATM is difficult to
use. For example, I do not know which side of the ATM card to insert. ATM slot. Is it due to
inexperience or do you feel Inconvenience or discomfort during use map. Researcher Roger et al.
[3] the actual item ATM is difficult to use. According to their poll Most users, including
research, adults, and the elderly You have to stay long before it's your turn to use the machine.
that is Because many people use one ATM at the same time. They also noted the actual difficulty
rate of doing it Across from ATM. As a result, all marked age groups participate Making a
payment at an ATM is a bit of a challenging task. For example, withdrawals and checking
balances are easy Cash deposit, bank transfer for all adult groups Cashing out in advance is much
more difficult than withdrawing.
ATMs are now a convenient service for bank customers. But the design interface has many
problems. ATMs Interfaces help consumers and machines communicate between them.
Therefore, ATM designers try to improve theirs. Easy-to-use user interface. when consumers use
them
ATM has some other issues highlighted
 User has to face problems to revive his ATM A card to continue other transactions.
 Users may have to put up with long wait times ATM means waiting in line.
 Strong sunlight has reduced the visibility of ATM screens. Inexperienced user may insert
wrong side of her ATM card
 That is the general problem. All ATMs menu choices not set correctly corresponding
button.
 Some ATM users find ATMs difficult to understand. Procedures and how to perform
them.
 ATM users find it difficult to understand ATMs machine because they do not know how
to use it.
 Some ATMs did not offer user favorites. Amount of cash withdrawal transaction. Then
the user can More options menu to find the amount you need Optional, takes a little
longer.
As technology advances, ATM interfaces also grow and improve with new technological steps,
making most modern ATMs more flexible, expressive, and convenient. At the end of the 1970s,
ATMs were only introduced in the UK, but now all shopping malls, hospitals, airports, and other
public places have ATMs [4]. The problem with ATMs has already been mentioned in the
paragraph above, but one of the problems is that when the ATM card is returned to the user, it
may still have other transactions to be performed by the user [ 5-6]. Automated teller machines
(ATMs) will become the primary means of accessing commerce for people living in
industrialized societies [7]. To make some of the ATM governance issues more clear, sufficient
number of ATMs, safe locations, speed, cash security, convenience, and cost are important
fundamental quality characteristics of ATM services [ 8]. The desire for bright colors was
fundamental to the design of this model. The significant difference between the deep purple
background and the large buttons draws the user's account when it comes to keystrokes. At this
stage, Fitts' Law tests the hypothesis that the procedural speed (velocity) required to control/click
a push button is a method of its size and distance from the user. As a result, the PIN password
OK button was developed, the button was large and placed in the center of the screen [9-10].

Chapter 3: Methodology
In this section, I discuss the proposed of ATM interference namely “iBank ATM Simulator” and
target to the active users who can use this Modernized ATM Simulator.
The “iBank ATM Simulator” system have some
common features that an ATM machine have like
invalid PIN if we enter wrong PIN and reset PIN
etc. For this research I have targeted many bank
ATMs, which are “Habib Bank of Pakistan”,
“Meezan Bank” , “Bank of Punjab” and “FaisaL
Bank” etc. The Interference of ATM of these
banks are seemly same.
Figure 1 Shows the General Interference of ATM Figure 1General Interference of ATMs
Systems. The proposed ATM simulator was built
in the C++ Programming Language.
 Use Case Diagram for ATM Simulator
The use case partition the functionality of a system into a small number of discrete units,
and all system behavior must fall under some use case. Each use case should represent a
kind of service that the system provides, something that provides value to the actor.
A particular person may be both a bank teller and the customer of the same bank.
For the ATM application, the actors are Customer and Bank.
Following figure shows the use case diagram
 Initiate Session: The
ATM establishes the identity of the user and makes available a list of accounts and
actions.

 The ATM asks the user to insert a card.

 The user inserts a cash card.
 The ATM accepts the card and reads its serial number.
 The ATM requests the password.
 The user enters password.
 The ATM verifies the password by contacting the bank.
 The ATM displays a menu of accounts and commands.
 The user choices the command to terminate the session.
 The ATM asks the user to insert the card.

 Query Account: The system provides general data for an account such as the current
balance, date of last transactions, and date for mailing last statement.

 The ATM displays a menu of accounts and commands.

 The user chooses to query an account.
 The ATM contacts the bank which returns the data.
 The ATM displays account data for user.
 The ATM displays a menu of accounts and commands.
  Process Transaction: The ATM performs an action that affects an account’s balance,
such as deposit, withdraw, and transfer. The ATM ensures that all completed transactions
are written to the bank’s database.

 The ATM displays a menu of accounts and commands.

 The user selects an account withdrawal.
 The ATM asks for the amount cash.
 The user enters the cash amount.
 The ATM verifies that the withdrawal satisfy its policy limits.
 The bank verifies that the account has sufficient funds.
 The ATM dispenses the cash and asks the user to take it.
 The user takes the cash.
 The ATM displays a menu of accounts and commands.
 The ATM displays a menu of accounts and commands.

 Transmit Data: The ATM uses the consortium’s facilities to communicate with
appropriate bank computers.

 The ATM requests account data from the consortium.

 The consortium accepts the requests and forwards it to the appropriate bank.
 The bank receives the requests and retrieves the desired data.
 The bank sends the data to the consortium.
 The consortium routes the data to the ATM.

System Startup Use Case

The system is started up when the operator turns the operator switch to the "on" position. The
operator will be asked to enter the amount of money currently in the cash dispenser, and a
connection to the bank will be established. Then the servicing of customers can begin.
Chapter 4: Implementation
 IMPLEMENTATION LANUAGE
C++
 Why C++?
The main features of C++ which makes it such a widely used language across the
globe are described as follows:
1. Object Oriented Programming
Unlike C, which is a procedural language, C++ is an object-oriented programming
language (OOP). OOP helps you modularize and maintain your programs efficiently. It improves
code clarity, code readability, bug fixes, and makes it easier to incorporate changes without
extensive reengineering. Additionally, OOP uses objects to perform real-time problems based on
five key concepts.
2. Machine independence
Machine independence (or portability) here refers to the ability to transfer instructions from one
operating environment to another. C++ uses the WORA principle (Write Once, Run Anywhere).
For example, if you are writing a program in Microsoft Windows and for some reason need to
switch to LINUX, your original program code will work the same. However, C++ is platform
independent. This means that the compiler produces operating system dependent .exe files that
cannot be run on other operating systems.
3. Simple
C++ is user friendly. It provides a structured and comprehensive approach using a syntax very
similar to C. In fact, C++ is commonly referred to as "C with classes". C++ offers a bottom-up
approach, so each project development can be divided into its own logical units and parts.
Additionally, it provides various built-in library functions and various data types.
4. Advanced programming language
As an intermediate language, it supports characteristics of both low-level (machine-level) and
high-level languages. It's not so cryptic and is closely related to the language that humans can
read and understand, namely English. 5. Compiler base
C++ was designed as a compiled language. This usually means that it is translated into machine
language that the system can understand directly. As a result, the generated program is very
efficient and relatively faster than his interpreter-based PYTHON and JAVA.
6. dynamic memory allocation
Memory in C++ can be divided into his two parts: stack and heap. The stack refers to memory
allocated for variables declared within a function. In contrast, heap refers to unused memory that
can be dynamically allocated. For example, if you don't know the memory requirements for
storing information in predefined variables, the memory size can be determined manually at run
time. This is accomplished with a special operator called the new operator that returns the
address of the allocated memory. If you don't need this, you can free the memory using the delete
operator.

Chapter 5: Result & Discussion

In result and Discussion, I have discussed the compatibility of “iBank ATM simulator” with
different ATM System of Banks like National Bank of Pakistan, Habib Bank Limited and
Meezan Bank.
 ATM card reinserting
“iBank ATM Simulator” allows the ATM card reinserting If the ATM is showing Invalid PIN on
the correct PIN then the user is allowed to re-insert the card and re-Enter the PIN it might be
showing some errors which maybe clear after reinserting the ATM card.
 ATM main purpose
The main purpose of ATM is to make transactions secure and easy to use, which is the main goal
to built this ATM developer the user can perform transactions by just one click and also print the
bank statement too on just one click, you just have to enter your PIN then you can enjoy the all
facilities of “iBank ATM Simulator”
 Transactions performance test
-Withdrawal
The table shows the ATM Cash withdrawals Transactions steps of NBP, HBL and Meezan
Banks, in Transaction Performance Test, I cover the transaction steps and its calculated time for
all three banks.

Below Table shows the different ATM transaction times For NBP of Pakistan, HBL
Bank, Meezan Bank and iBank ATM. The transaction time was calculated through Keystroke
Level Modelling methods and each transaction shows the time in seconds.
TASKS NBP HBL Meezan iBank
Bank ATM
Cash 20.92 sec 19.29 sec 19.57 sec 17.66 sec
Withdrawal Keystroke Keystroke Keystroke Keystroke
Fast Cash No facility 19.29 sec 19.57 sec 17.66 sec
available Keystroke Keystroke Keystroke
Balance 19.54 sec 17.92 sec 18.19 sec 16.56 sec
Inquiry Keystroke Keystroke Keystroke Keystroke
Mini 19.54 sec 17.92 sec 18.19 sec 16.56 sec
Statement Keystroke Keystroke Keystroke Keystroke
  ATM Simulator Interference and Working

Figure 2 ATM SIMULATOR

In the figure above your have to Enter a PIN Code to access an account,
e.g. your PIN is 2213, then you will get access right after Entering the Correct PIN.
Above figure shows the features we can access through this ATM Simulator. These arrow
buttons are point the functions which are displaying on the screen.

 FUNCTIONALITY OF ATM Simulator

- Numeric Pad
It will take numeric input like to enter a PIN and enter amount to Withdraw, deposit or
Loan.
- Withdraw Cash
By clicking the Arrow, which is pointing Withdraw Cash Function, It will input the
amount to Withdraw you can withdraw your cash available in Bank through Withdraw
Function
- Loan
By clicking the Arrow, which is pointing Loan Function, It will input the amount you
want to borrow from bank, after that you can borrow cash from bank easily in just one
click.
 - Cash with Receipt
- By clicking the Arrow, which is pointing Cash with receipt Function, when you click at
this button, it will display the cash receipt of recent transaction
- Deposit
By clicking the Arrow, which is pointing Deposit Cash Function, It will input the amount
to Deposit in your bank account, you can Deposit cash in account through Deposit
Function
- Request New PIN
- This function will send new PIN to your home address by clicking it.
- Balance
On clicking this button, it will display you your current balance in a bank account.
- Mini Statement
It will display you all the recent transaction you have done in Bank account.
- Print Statement
It will display and then print all the recent transaction you have done in Bank account.

Chapter 6: Findings
The operator will be asked to enter the amount of money currently in the cash dispenser, and a
connection to the bank will be established. Then the servicing of customers can begin.
 The ATM requests account data from the consortium.
 The consortium accepts the requests and forwards it to the appropriate bank.
 The bank receives the requests and retrieves the desired data.
 The bank sends the data to the consortium.
 The consortium routes the data to the ATM.
The desire for bright colors was fundamental to the design of this model. The significant
difference between the deep purple background and the large buttons draws the user's account
when it comes to keystrokes. At this stage, Fitts' Law tests the hypothesis that the procedural
speed (velocity) required to control/click a push button is a method of its size and distance from
the user. As a result, the PIN password OK button was developed, the button was large and
placed in the center of the screen

CONCLUSION
The requirement of this project comes when End-Users want to fetch money from his/her
existing bank account. Thus, using a right technique or approach will not only help the user in
terms of time, but will also get the correct information. Using an ATM, customers may access
their bank accounts in order to make account withdraws and check their account balances.
ATM system was the application for transactions of cash, which makes the work easiest, the
primary goal of developing such software is to develop software so that consumer can access a
bank’s computer and carry out their own financial transactions without the mediation of a bank
employee. I have visited many software applications to think what will be appropriate to build
but I choose ATM Simulator because it is easier to understand and make our transactions easy to
do. ATM software has become essential to financial institutions. Customers take it for granted
that a bank will have an ATM machine.
Many companies offer ATM products. As a result, only vendors or large financial firms may be
able to justify the cost and effort to create ATM software. A small vendor would need some
unique feature to differentiate itself from the crowd and attract attention. Though this software
fully implements the functionally of the ATM that is available in the market today, but largely it
includes all the essential features that an ATM software must have.

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