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GPM Lab 2

This document describes the parts of a sewing machine and their functions. It identifies 22 key parts, including the foot pedal, power cord, hand wheel, needle, bobbin, presser foot, and feed dogs. The objective is for students to understand each part and how they work together during the sewing process. Diagrams are provided to illustrate parts like the hand wheel, take-up lever, and throat plate. Being familiar with the components of a sewing machine and what they do is important for operating and troubleshooting machines.

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Abdullah Grewal
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61 views

GPM Lab 2

This document describes the parts of a sewing machine and their functions. It identifies 22 key parts, including the foot pedal, power cord, hand wheel, needle, bobbin, presser foot, and feed dogs. The objective is for students to understand each part and how they work together during the sewing process. Diagrams are provided to illustrate parts like the hand wheel, take-up lever, and throat plate. Being familiar with the components of a sewing machine and what they do is important for operating and troubleshooting machines.

Uploaded by

Abdullah Grewal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab 002

Title:
To study about different parts of sewing machine.

Objective:
Students will be able to understand different parts of sewing machine.

Equipment And Material:


 Lock Stitch Machine
 Screw Driver
 Cleaning Cloth

Abstract:
This lab is all about understanding the different parts of sewing machine
understanding the functions of different parts and how they actually work.

Theory:
Introduction:
Sewing machine plays an important role in the garments manufacturing industry.
There are a lot of sewing machines used in the ready-made garments sector. This
assignment has shown all the parts of a sewing machine and the function of those.

Parts of a Sewing Machine and Their Functions:


The basic sewing machine components and their functions with pictures are
described below.
Functions of different parts of sewing machine with images:
Sewing machine parts name and their functions are described below.

1. Foot pedal:
It controls the speed of the machine which depends on the force exerted on it. But
it is not an essential part of high-speed sewing machines as the machine speed can
be set by one single adjustment and start and stop of the sewing machine is then
controlled with the push of a button.

2. Power cord and switch:


The electricity for the machine is supplied by the power cord which has to be
connected tightly to the machine for constant supply of power. The power switch is
used for switching ON and OFF of the sewing machines electrically.
3. Hand wheel:
It is used for slowly raising and lowering the sewing needle manually to provide
better control to position fabric under the needle. The clutch knob positioned inside
the wheel acts as a safety feature, that is, when the knob is pulled out, it avoids the
needle from jabbing up and down while winding a bobbin.

Figure-4: Hand wheel


4. Reverse lever:
It is situated on the front side of the machine. This is used for making reverse
stitching while sewing at the end of every seam to secure it.
5. Spool pin and holder:
It holds the sewing thread besides controls the sewing thread direction as it goes
through the machine.

6. Bobbin winder:
It is used to wind the bobbin thread on the empty bobbin. Bobbin winders can be
located at the top or right side of the machine.
7. Pattern selector:
It is used to decide the kind of stitch to be sewn on the fabric, such as straight
stitches or zigzag or an embroidery stitch. Based on the machine type, a variety of
stitches can be selected beside straight stitches.

8. Stitch length adjustment:

The stitch length adjustment adjusts the length of stitches the sewing machine
makes. The adjustment takes place at the feed dog not the machine needle.
9. Tension disks:
Thread tension determines the looseness or firmness of the stitch. Tensions disks
control the pressure applied to the thread for uniform feed to the machine needle.
The main functions of tension device is to

 Position the thread to needle


 Regulate the flow of the thread
 Maintain the smoothness in stitching
 Control the thread passage precisely

10. Needle and needle clamp:


The needle fits into the needle bar, which holds it in place with a small screw. The
needle clamp is used to fix the needle in place.

11. Take-up lever:


The take-up lever moves up and down during the stitch formation to provide the
extra thread while forming the loop and takes back the needle thread after each
stitching to set the stitch. It is used to regulate the needle thread tension at an
optimum level.

12. Presser foot:


It is used to grip the fabric from the top counter to the feed dog; therefore, the feed
dog can move the fabric through the machine. It applies downward pressure on the
material as it is fed under the needle.

13. Presser dial:


The presser dial determines the quantity of pressure to be exerted on the fabric
through the presser foot. Lighter weight fabrics necessitate higher pressure for
better control of fabric during stitching and vice versa.
14. Feed dog:
Feed dogs are a ‘teeth-like’ component that combines with the presser foot to
transport the fabric by one stitch. It also regulates the stitch length by adjusting the
fabric movement per stitch.

\
15. Face plate:
It is a cover that conceals all the internal working elements of the machine.
16. Throat plate:
It has a hole for the needle to go through to the bobbin casing, a pair of slots for the
feed dog to move and stitching guide lines. It is a removable part, which covers the
bobbin and bottom of the sewing machine.

17. Sewing light:


It aids in threading the needle and allows you to see the stitching in both day and
night.
18. Presser foot lever:
It is used to engage and disengage the presser foot on the fabric against the feed
dogs gently. When it is in the upward position, the tension disks are disengaged
and vice versa.

19. Thread cutter:


Sewing machine thread cutters are usually located behind the needle of the sewing
machine, so that it is convenient while the fabric is moved to the back of the
machine, the sewing thread can be cut using the thread cutter.
20. Slide plate:
It is a plastic cover that protects the bobbin case from the dirt and dust. It also
gives the open space for accessing the bobbin zone under the sewing machine for
changing the bobbins and other maintenance work to be carried out in this area.

21. Bobbin case:


It is the case where the bobbin has to be fixed. This can be found under the needle
plate and usually has a piece of plastic that flips up to cover the bobbin case when
not sewing. Bobbin cases are not exchangeable in different sewing machines.
22. Bobbin:
A bobbin is a small package that carries the bottom sewing thread and is fitted onto
the bobbin case. Bobbins are filled on the bobbin winder and the thread should be
evenly distributed on the bobbin.

Conclusion:
In this practical we learned about different parts of sewing machine and their
functioning.

References:
 https://fashion2apparel.com/sewing-machine-parts-and-functions/
 https://garmentsmerchandising.com/parts-of-sewing-machine-and-their-
functions/

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