Writing Lab Report CHE414-2022

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Chemical Engineering Laboratory III

by
Dhuha Jawad Hussein Lec. Assistant
‫م ضحى جواد حسين‬.‫م‬ .

Department of Chemical Engineering


University of AlQadissiyah

2021-2022,
ALQadissiyah
Lecture #2: Preparing Laboratory Reports

Instructions for Preparing Laboratory Reports


The ability to report technical information clearly and concisely is fundamental to the sciences. As
such, science students are often required to prepare formal reports about experiments or investigations
undertaken in the practical components of their courses. These reports must clearly communicate the
aims, methods, findings and conclusions of an experiment. This Learning Guide shows you how to
prepare a practical report and provides tips for ensuring a good grade.

Practical Report Structure

Practical reports have a clear, linear structure. Table 1 shows the different sections of a practical report.
Each item is illustrated in details below. The report must be written in English only, and will be graded
according to table 1 below:

Subject Marks
1 Title page 7
2 Abstract 12
3 Introduction 3
4 Theoretical Background 5
5 Procedure 4
6 Results 8
7 Discussion of Results 10
8 Conclusion and 8
Recommendations
9 Literature Cited 14
10 Nomenclature 4

Appendices

A1 Raw Material 5
A2 Analysis of data & Sample 15
Calculation

Organization and neatness 5


Total 100

Table 1: Practical Report Structure


1. Title Page

The Title page should be separate from the rest of the report. It should contain:

1. The name of the experiment


2. The name of the course (Chemical Engineering Laboratories I)
3. The date when the experiment was run ( DD/MM/YYYY)
4. The name of the writer and his co-workers, and his group number
5. The name of the instructor to whom the report is submitted
6. The date of submission of report

2. Abstract

The abstract should be informative, and should be written in about three to five sentences. It should cover all phases of
the investigation. It must include the following:

1. An introductory statement about the subject matter


2. Briefly describe what was done.
3. Present some selected result (numerical values, if possible).
4. If possible, present some percentage errors in experimental

results in comparison with theoretical values.

While writing the abstract, it should be kept in mind that you should not refer to any graph or table.

3. Introduction

This section should include few sentences discussing the physical and/or chemical principles involved in the
experiment.

4. Theoretical Background

This section should include the theory behind the experiment. It should also contain all those equations, which are used
to acquire a certain result. Theoretical correlations, which are used for comparison with experimental results, should
also be included.

5. Procedure

Here, you should briefly describe the actual step-by-step procedure you followed in running the experiment. It should
be written in your own words, e.g. the needle valve was manipulated in order to adjust the liquid flow rate.

6. Results

The results should be presented in the form or Tables or graphs. The Table should contain the results obtain from
experiments and from theoretical knowledge. Comparisons should be presented in terms, e.g. percent deviation.

7. Discussion of Results

In this section you should discuss you experimental results. Show how you make comparison with the values obtained
theoretically. Also discuss the deviation of experimental results from theoretical values. The possible source of errors
should also be mentioned. If the results are obtained in terms of graphs, then interpret them also.
8. Conclusions and Recommendations

Conclusions are the series of numbered sentences which answer the questions posed in the end of each experiments.
Conclusions should also include the errors between the experimental and theoretical values. What you have learned
from the experiment should be mentioned as well.

Recommendations are the proposals for future work, e.g. suggested changes in equipment, study of new variables, or
possible experiments in relative fields. Like the conclusions, the recommendations are usually listed by numbers, and
each consists of only a sentence or two.

9. Literature Cited

Here, you should list the books, Journal’s articles, etc. used in writing your report and analyzing the experiment. The
reference should be completed (name of the book, author, volume, date of publication, pages, etc.). References should
be arranged alphabetically by author.

10. Nomenclature

The symbols, which are used in the report, should be defined in the nomenclature in alphabetical order. The
accompanying definitions must include proper units.

Appendices

All appendices and graphs should be attached at the end of the report.

A1. Raw Data:

It should contain the data on which the experiment was done.

A2. Analysis of Data and Sample Calculations:

This shows how the data/manipulated data is transformed into experimental results by using the appropriate equations.
Also, how the theoretical results are obtained using theoretical in terms of percentage error. Sample calculations should
contain each step, which is used to acquire certain results.

Organization and Neatness

The students must organize their reports in a manner as mentioned earlier. It is required/encouraged to use EXCEL,
SIGMAPLOT, HARVARD, GRAPHICS OR AND OTHER AVAILABLE GRAPHIC SOFTWARE PACKAGES to
draw graph. The neatness will include how the student has written the report. Additional points will be given to those
students who use GRAPHIC SOFTWARE PACKAGES to draw graph.
The Name Of The Experiment

The name of the course


(Chemical Engineering Laboratories III)

The date when the experiment was run


( DD/MM/YYYY)

The name of the writer and his co-workers,


and his group number

The name of the instructor to whom the report is submitted


Report submitted to:
Assistant Lec. Dhuha Jawad Hussein

The date of submission of report

University of Al-Qadisiyah

Chemical Engineering Department logo

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