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    Chapter 6 Political Parties

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    AceHunter
    Political parties are groups that contest elections and hold power in government. They aim to promote policies that benefit society. The document discusses the key components and functions of political parties, different party systems, and challenges faced by parties such as a lack of internal democracy and influence of money and muscle power. It also covers efforts by the Supreme Court of India to reform parties through measures like preventing defections and regulating criminal involvement in politics.

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    Chapter 6 Political Parties

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    AceHunter
    34 views5 pages
    Political parties are groups that contest elections and hold power in government. They aim to promote policies that benefit society. The document discusses the key components and functions of political parties, different party systems, and challenges faced by parties such as a lack of internal democracy and influence of money and muscle power. It also covers efforts by the Supreme Court of India to reform parties through measures like preventing defections and regulating criminal involvement in politics.

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    Political parties are groups that contest elections and hold power in government. They aim to promote policies that benefit society. The document discusses the key components and functions of political parties, different party systems, and challenges faced by parties such as a lack of internal democracy and influence of money and muscle power. It also covers efforts by the Supreme Court of India to reform parties through measures like preventing defections and regulating criminal involvement in politics.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    34 views5 pages

    Chapter 6 Political Parties

    Uploaded by

    AceHunter
    Political parties are groups that contest elections and hold power in government. They aim to promote policies that benefit society. The document discusses the key components and functions of political parties, different party systems, and challenges faced by parties such as a lack of internal democracy and influence of money and muscle power. It also covers efforts by the Supreme Court of India to reform parties through measures like preventing defections and regulating criminal involvement in politics.

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    of 5

    CHAPTER 6- POLITICAL PARTIES

    SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS


    Q1. Define political parties? What are the three components of a political party ?
    Ans. A political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections
    and hold power in the government. They agree on some policies and programs for
    the society with a view to promote the collective good .
    The three components of the political party are :
    a. Leaders
    b. The Active Members
    c. The Followers

    Q2. Why do we need a political party ?


    Ans.
    1. We need political parties because they perform all functions for eg.
    Contest elections , Make laws etc. Modern democracies cannot exist without
    political parties
    2. We can understand the necessity of political parties by imagining a situation
    without parties .
    3. Every candidate in the elections will be independent . So no one will be able
    to make any promises to the people about any major policy changes .
    4. The government may be formed but its utility will remain ever uncertain.
    5. Elected representatives will be accountable to their constituency for what
    they do in the locality .
    6. But no one will be responsible for how the country will be run.
    Q3. Differentiate between National Political Party and Regional/State Political
    Party .
    Ans .
    NATIONAL PARTY
    A party that secures at least 6% of the total votes in Lok Sabha elections or
    Assembly elections in four states and wins at least four seats in the Lok Sabha is
    recognised as a National Party .
    The National Party is present in several or all units of a federation. THERE ARE 8
    NATIONAL PARTIES eg. BJP , CONGRESS ETC.

    REGIONAL/STATE PARTY
    A party that secures at least 6% of the total votes in an election to the legislative
    assembly of a state and wins at least 2 seats is recognised as a state party .State
    parties have limited , regional influence and deal with regional issues. THERE
    ARE 52 STATE PARTIES
    Eg. SAMAJWADI PARTY , RASHTRIYA JANATA DAL .

    Q4. Explain the following party system :


    Ans.
    1. SINGLE PARTY SYSTEM - In some countries only one party is allowed to
    control and run the government . These are called one party system . eg.In
    CHINA , only the COMMUNIST PARTY , is allowed to rule. Although
    legally speaking , people are free to form political parties , it doesn't happen
    because the electoral system doesn't permit free competition for power .
    We cannot consider ONE PARTY SYSTEM AS A GOOD OPTION
    because this is not a democratic option.
    2. BY/ TWO PARTY SYSTEM - In some countries , power usually changes
    between two main parties . Several other parties may exist , contest elections
    and win a few seats in the national legislature . But only the two main parties
    have a serious chance of winning a majority of seats to form government .
    Such a party system is called TWO PARTY SYSTEM . The United States of
    America and the United Kingdom are examples of the same.
    3. MULTI-PARTY SYSTEM : If several parties compete for power , and more
    than two parties have a reasonable chance of coming to power either on their
    own strength or in alliance with others , we call it a multi party system . For
    eg. In INDIA , we have a multi - party system.
    This system allows a variety of interests and opinions to enjoy political
    representation .

    Q5. ‘The rise of political parties is directly linked to the emergence of


    representative democracy .’ Explain .
    Ans. The rise of political parties is directly linked to the emergence of
    representative democracy because :
    1. As we have seen large societies need representative democracy . As societies
    become larger and complex they also needed some agency to gather
    different views on various issues and to present these to the government .
    2. They needed some ways to bring various representatives together so that a
    responsible government could be formed .
    3. They needed a mechanism to support or restrain the government , make
    policies , justify or oppose them . Political parties fulfill these needs that
    every representative government has . We can say that parties are a
    necessary condition for a democracy .

    LONG ANSWERS
    *NOTE- WRITE COMPLETE ANSWERS FROM THE BOOK WITH THE HELP OF HINTS
    GIVEN BELOW.​
    Q1. Explain the functions of a political party .
    Ans. Functions of a political party are :
    1. (PAGE 73) parties contest elections……..candidates in different ways .
    2. Parties put forward ……..suitable for the society .A party reduces a vast….
    Taken by the ruling party.

    3. (PAGE74) Parties play a decisive role ………..irrespective of their personal


    opinions .
    4. Parties form and run………..government in the way they want.
    5. Those parties …….opposition to the government .
    6. Parties shape public opinion …… problems faced by the people .
    7. Parties provide people access……..when they do not fully trust them.

    Q2. Explain the following political parties :


    (REFER TO ASSIGNMENT BOOKLET AND WRITE SHORT NOTES ABOUT
    THE GIVEN POLITICAL PARTIES)

    Q3. Explain the challenges to political parties.


    Ans. The challenges to a political party are:
    (PAGE 83)
    1. LACK OF INTERNAL DEMOCRACY - the first challenge is lack
    of………….happens inside the party .
    Since one or few leaders …………. Becomes more important (PAGE 84)
    2. DYNASTIC SUCCESSION - the second challenge is …….unfair to other
    members of that party.
    3. MONEY AND MUSCLE POWER - The third challenge is ……...criminals
    who can win elections.
    4. MEANINGFUL CHOICE - the fourth challenge is ………...Conservative
    party in Britain is very little .
    Those who want really different policies ……….shifting from one party to
    another .

    Q4. What are the efforts made by the Supreme Court Of India to reform political
    parties ?
    Ans. The recent effort and suggestions in our country to reform political parties
    and its leaders are:
    (PAGE 85)
    1. The constitution was amended to prevent …………..parties leader decide
    (PAGE 86)
    2. The supreme court passed an order ………. Influence of the rich and the
    criminals .
    3. The Election Commision passed an order……...sometimes it's mere
    formality .

    Q5. What are the suggestions to reform political parties ?


    (PAGE 86)
    Many suggestions are often made to reform political parties :
    1. A law should be made ………… open elections to the highest post .
    2. It should be made mandatory …….making bodies of the party.
    3. There should be state funding ……..secured by the party in the last election

    THERE ARE TWO OTHER WAYS IN WHICH POLITICAL PARTIES CAN BE


    REFORMED :

    1. People can put pressure ………… (PAGE87) important role in this.


    2. Political parties can improve if …………...criticise it from the outside

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