G11 ARCHIMEDES GUANCE Journal

Actions to Reduce the Effects
of Hazard
Student April Dawnn L. Guance, a resident in Youngsville Subdivision, Igpit, Opol, Misamis Oriental.
Accordance to location there are geological hazard and hydro-meteorological hazard, the place may
surrounded by trees, unfortunately it said that residents experience flooding. Meanwhile,
geological hazard cannot be avoided.
Flooding occurs when it rains heavily. Culvert, canals, and manholes were useless since the water
won’t drain easily. However, some manholes can and protect other shelter but, somehow water can
enter in some houses. The area may be not a ‘flooding area’ still there were roads or streets are still
flooded when it rains heavily but, somehow it’s only knee deep.
By just mere houses, residents cannot wholly protect their houses and sheltered. Despite the plenty
of trees, living in mountain, flooding cannot be avoided.
Earthquakes occur which violently shake the land and it causes: damage, injuries, and human
vulnerabilities.
Minimal houses cannot be totally protected since people started panicking in the state of
earthquake. However, the stated location is safe for the reason that the place never experience
severe earthquake, which is good.
This map is the stated location above. The image shows plenty of trees and it’s
obviously in the mountains. However, cause of the broken manholes the water stays at
the road.
As you can see, at the image the street has stocked water caused by the heavy rain.
The manhole actually drained some water, that’s why the water is few which are
good.
This map helps identify to where safe places are when earthquakes and
flooding occur. The map is proportionally high for persons to be saved in the
area. If a resident is outdoors, stay outside. Go to an open area away from
buildings or houses like plain fields or mountains and don’t be panic. If a
resident is in a crowded public place or inside shelter, take cover where
you won't be trampled.
Here are some things that a resident should do and do not before, during,
and after earthquake.
Prepare Before an Earthquake
Make an Emergency Plan: Create a family emergency communications plan that has an out-of-state
contact. Plan where to meet if a member separated. Make a supply kit that includes enough food
and water for several days, a flashlight, a fire extinguisher and a whistle.
During an earthquake
 Stay inside.
 Drop under heavy furniture such as a table, desk, bed or any solid furniture.
 Cover your head and torso to prevent being hit by falling objects.
 Hold onto the object that you are under so that you remain covered.
What to Do After an Earthquake

 Check yourself and others for injuries. ...
 Check water, gas, and electric lines for damage. ...
 Turn on the radio. ...
 Stay out of damaged buildings.
 Be careful around broken glass and debris. ...
 Be careful of chimneys (they may fall on you).
 Stay away from beaches. ...
 Stay away from damaged areas.
The actions to reduce in geological hazards (earthquake)

Anchor large appliances to walls using safety cables or straps. Install ledge barriers on shelves
and secure large, heavy items and breakables directly to shelves to keep them from falling. Install
latches on drawers and cabinet doors to keep contents from spilling. Anchor filing cabinets and
televisions to walls.
According to : https://www.fema.gov/press-release/20210318/tips-reduce-earthquake-
damage#:~:text=Anchor%20large%20appliances%20to%20walls,cabinets%20and%20televisions
%20to%20walls.
Here are some things that a resident should do and do not before, during,
and after flood.
Before a Flood
To prepare for a flood, you should:
o Build an emergency kit and make a family communications plan.

o Avoid building in a floodplain unless you elevate and reinforce your home.
o Elevate the furnace, water heater and electric panel in your home if you live in an area that has a
high flood risk.
o Consider installing "check valves" to prevent flood water from backing up into the drains of your
home.
o If feasible, construct barriers to stop floodwater from entering the building and seal walls in
basements with waterproofing compounds.
During a Flood
If a flood is likely in your area, you should:
o Listen to the radio or television for information.

o Be aware that flash flooding can occur. If there is any possibility of a flash flood, move immediately
to higher ground. Do not wait for instructions to move.
o Be aware of stream, drainage channels, canyons and other areas known to flood suddenly. Flash
floods can occur in these areas with or without typical warnings such as rain clouds or heavy rain.
If you must prepare to evacuate, you should do the following:
o Secure your home. If you have time, bring in outdoor furniture. Move essential items to an upper
floor.
o Turn off utilities at the main switches or valves if instructed to do so. Disconnect electrical
appliances. Do not touch electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water.
After a Flood
Your home has been flooded. Although floodwaters may be down in some areas, many dangers still
exist. Here are some things to remember in the days ahead:
o Avoid moving water.

o Stay away from damaged areas unless your assistance has been specifically requested by police,
fire, or relief organization.
o Emergency workers will be assisting people in flooded areas. You can help them by staying off the
roads and out of the way.
o Play it safe. Additional flooding or flash floods can occur. Listen for local warnings and information.
If your car stalls in rapidly rising waters, get out immediately and climb to higher ground.
o Return home only when authorities indicate it is safe.
o Roads may still be closed because they have been damaged or are covered by water. Barricades
have been placed for your protection. If you come upon a barricade or a flooded road, go another
way.
o If you must walk or drive in areas that have been flooded.
o Stay on firm ground. Moving water only 6 inches deep can sweep you off your feet. Standing water
may be electrically charged from underground or downed power lines.
o Flooding may have caused familiar places to change. Floodwaters often erode roads and walkways.
Flood debris may hide animals and broken bottles, and it's also slippery. Avoid walking or driving
through it.
o Be aware of areas where floodwaters have receded. Roads may have weakened and could collapse
under the weight of a car.
o Stay out of any building if it is surrounded by floodwaters.
o Use extreme caution when entering buildings; there may be hidden damage, particularly in
foundations.
The actions to reduce in geological hazards (earthquake)
The first step in helping your community prepare for emergencies is to understand the risks.
Identify the hazards and impacts such as the sources of flooding, areas that are at risk, and how this
will affect accessibility on roads or avenues of communication. Utilize Flood Factor’s
Neighborhood/Municipality risk pages and contact your local officials and public servants for more
tools and information.
Get to know your neighborhood and the support networks within it. This can mean getting to know
your neighbors, identifying vulnerable members of the community such as those with disabilities,
children, the elderly and those with fewer resources. This can also mean connecting with local
organizations, finding spaces where the community convenes to discuss local needs and concerns,
or hosting your own meetings. By building ties before an emergency, you and your community can
recover better after by relying on one another.
In an emergency, it is important to have a plan for how to help each other. By identifying a low-risk
area to meet and preparing community assets and resources like radios, phones, energy source,
and rehearsing these plans, communities will be more successful in sharing information,
coordinating action and communicating with one another and other organizations during an
emergency.
Local governments can help reduce a community’s risk to flooding by investing in adaptation
strategies. These can be physical barriers such as levees or seawalls, natural barriers such as
wetlands or open spaces, or non-structural policy measures such as reducing development in flood
prone areas.
Helping your community reduce flood risks is becoming more critical as floods become more
frequent and extreme with climate change and sea level rise. Local officials can be encouraged to
prioritize initiatives that defend against flooding; taking action locally to protect the community.
Communities can also encourage state and federal officials to fund practical solutions and
incentivize smart planning in state and federal programs.
According to: https://help.riskfactor.com/hc/en-us/articles/360050401554-Help-your-

community-reduce-flood-risk-and-prepare-for-a-flood-emergency
Research Journal:
A Safer Future: Reducing the Impact of Natural Disasters (1991)

https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/1840/chapter/

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Actions to Reduce the Effects

What to Do After an Earthquake

The actions to reduce in geological hazards (earthquake)

o Build an emergency kit and make a family communications plan.

o Listen to the radio or television for information.

o Avoid moving water.

The actions to reduce in geological hazards (earthquake)

According to: https://help.riskfactor.com/hc/en-us/articles/360050401554-Help-your-

A Safer Future: Reducing the Impact of Natural Disasters (1991)

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