Nationalism in India 1
Nationalism in India 1
Nationalism in India 1
A1.) The later half of the 19th century saw the growth of a sense
of common identity which gave a birth to an organised
national movement for independence. The factor responsible
were –
(ii) Rowlatt Act – The Rowlatt Act was passed in 1919 and was
meant to suppress all political activities and the rising
nationalist sentiments of Indians. According to it, the
British government got the power to arrest anyone on the
basis of suspicion and imprison him or her without trial for
a minimum period of 2 years. When Gandhiji called for a non-
violent Satyagraha against this Act, the Indians responded
in large numbers. This act gave the Congress an opportunity
to unite the Indians against the British rule.
Rural Areas –
Q5) What were the views of the following leaders over the issue of
Separate electorate?
i) Mahatma Gandhi
ii) Dr Ambedkar
iii) Md Ali Jinnah
iv) Md Iqbal
Q6.) ‘Not all social groups were moved by the abstract concept of
Swaraj’ Explain.
OR
A6.) The Muslims and the Dalits did not participate in the
Civil Disobedience Movement for their own reasons.
Dalits – For long, the Congress had ignored the Dalits for
the fear of offending the high caste Hindus. Mahatma
Gandhi declared that Swaraj would not come if
untouchability was not eliminated and these people were
not assimilated in the nationalist movement. Many Dalits
leaders were however keen on a different political
solution. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar organized the Dalits into ‘The
Depressed Classes Association’ in 1930 and clashed with
Mahatma Gandhi in the Second Round Table Conference by
demanding Separate electorate for Dalits. Mahatma Gandhi
objected to this demand as he believed that it would slow
down the process of their integration into the society.
Finally the Poona Pact of September 1932 was signed which
gave the Dalits reserved seats in provincial and central
legislative council but were to be voted by the general
electorate. The Dalits continued to be apprehensive of the
Congress lead nationalist movement and hence had limited
participation the Civil Disobedience Movement.
3)Kheda(Gujarat)-Peasant satyagraha
A)Calcutta—September 1920
B)Nagpur-December 1920
C)Madras--1927