MANUAL

FOR
SINHA'S cOMPREHENSIVE ANXIETY TEST
(S CA T)

INTRODUCTION

During the past three decades or so, the concept of anxiety has figured
prominently in the psychological literature. Sarason and Mandler (1952) gave a
detailed description of an anxiety questionnaire and presented findings on the
relation of test anxiety to certain psychometric and social-class data. They
reported the relationship of the anxiety questionnaire to one concerned with
habitual reactions to frustrations, Taylor (1953) developed a personality scale for
measuring manifest anxiety which has proved to be a useful device in the bands
of researchers and practitioners. Cattell, R.B. (1957) constructed the IPAT anxiety
scale ('setf-analysis form). In 1958 Cattell and Scheler compared resuits of 13
multivariate analysis, having in common the method of oblique rotation to simple
structure, but invoving a variety of subjects and variables which emphasized
putative measures of anxiety. Martin (1959) reported that anxiety factor was
relatively independent of inteligence, motivation in psychological experimentation
and paper and pencil test.

On an examination of tests of anxiety in existence (both Indian and Foreign),

the present authors found that they were not covering certain facets of anxiety.
Further, there existed a good deal of disagreement and confusion concerning the
concept of anxiety. Several aspects of anxiety appeared to be ignored. All these
considerations led to the development of this comprehensive test of anxiety
incorporating a variety of anxiety indices proposed by different investigators from
time to time, keeping in view the conditions available in this country.
 Manual forSCAT| 3
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DEVELOPMENT OF THE TEST

tem Construction

The items of the test were largely constructed on the basis of the symptoms
of anxiety reported by those who visited the Institute of Psychological Research
and Service, Patna University for psychological assistance. A few items from the
existing tests of anviety were also inoorporated ater such modifications as were
considered necessary. Thus initially 315 items were prepared. These items were
given to five judges (all engaged in counselling and psychological testing work)
for examining the merit of each tem for incusion in the test of anvdiety. They were
also asked to score out those items which they thought were redundant. On the
basis of 100% agreement among the judges, 70 out of 315 items were eliminated.

tem Analysis

Before undertaking the work of item analysis, the remaining 245 items were
tred out on smaler samples several times and necessary modfications made in
them to ensure that the items were intoligible to the students. Finaly, the test was
administered on 100 college students who approached for psychological
assistance complaining of one or several symptoms of anxiety. No time limit was
imposed. The subjects were required to respond to each item in terms of Yes' o
"No'. The 'Yes' response to any item was indicative of anviety and was given score
of one. A score of zero was given to a
"'No' response. For item analysis, the point
biserial correlations were computed. The criterion of a coefficient of correlation,
being significant at 001 level was foxed for the inclusion of an item in the final test.
Out of 245 coefficients of correlation, 90 were significant at or beyond .001 level.
Consequenty, those 90 items which futilled the criterion constituted the test in its
final form.

RELIABILITY
The coefficient of reliability was determined by using the following two
methods:-
Manual
-i*
for S CAT
**.************ ********

1. The test-retest method (N = 100) was employed to determine the temporal

stability of the test. The product moment correlation between the test and
restest scores was 0.85.

2. The internal consistency reliability was ascertained by adopting

odd-even procedure (N = 100). Using the Spearman Brown formula, the
reliability coefficient of the test was found to be 0.92.
Both the values ensure a high reliability of the test.

VALIDITY
The coefficient of validity was determined by computing the coefficient
between scores on Comprehensive Anxiety Test and on Taylor's Manitest Anxiery
Scale. It was .62, which is significant beyond .001 tevel of confidernce.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR ADMINISTRATION

1. The instruction printed on the test form should be made clear by test
administrator to the testee.

2. No time limit is fixed for completing the test. However, usually an individual
takes 15 to 20 minutes in completing the test form.

3. It should be emphasized that there is no right or wrong response to the

statements. They are designed to study individual's reactions to diferent
situations.
4. should be pointed out that each item has to be responded in either positive
or negative terms, .e., Yes or No, and that no statement should be left out.

5. It is undersirable to tell the testee about the aim of the test.

SCORING
The inventory can be scored accurately by hand and no scoring key or
stencil is provided so far. For any response indicated as "Yes', the testee should
be awared the score of one, and zero tor "No'. The sum of all the positive or yes

responses would be the total anxiety score of the individual.

 Manual for SCATI5
ScORING KEY

Responsse Statement Response

Statement
Serial No. Serial No0. Yes ( No (E)
Yes ( No ( )
26
27
28 0
3
29
30 0

31 0

0 32 1 0
7
33 0

0 34 0

10 35

11 0 36
12 37

13 38

1 39 0
14
40 0
15
41
16
42
17
43 0
18
44
19
0 45
20
21 46
47 0
22
23 48

24 49
25 50
Contd..
61 Manual for S CAT
***********

Statemet Response Statement Response

Serial No. Yes ( No ( ) Serial No. Yes ( No ( )
51 76 0
52 77 1 0
53 78
54 79 1
55 1 80
56 81
57 82
58 33
59 84
60 85
61
62
63
64 89
65 90
66 91
67 92
68 93
69 94
70 5
71
72 7
73 98
74 99 1
75 100

NORMS
Norms for the test have been prepared on a sample of 400 college students
of B.A. classes consisting of both the sexes 200 boys and 200 girls. Percentile
norms are provided in Table 1 for boys and Table 2 for girls separately. These
should be considered as a reference points for interpreting the test scores.
 ****
Manual forS CAT 7
**-**************
However, it is advisable to large scale users of the test to develop their own normns
based on their own population.
The individual may be classified into five categories on the basis of scores
obtained on the inventory. An individual with an extremely high score of above the
75th percentile may be regarded as hyper-anxiety individual. His personality is
complicated and he may be in need of counseling and psychotherapy. The
extremely low scores, below 25th percentile, may indicate the person as
undermotivated and sluggish. The middle group of scores would represent
essentially normal individuals.
TABLE 1
Percentile Equivalents of Test Scores for Boys

Percentiles Scores Interpretation

Pg9 69
Pos 42
Extremely High Anxietyy
Poo 35
Peo 30

Prs (Qa) 29
28 High Anxiety
P70
Peo 23
Pso (Md) 20 Normal Anxiety Level
Paa 17

P30 5
Low Anxiety
Pas (Qi) 14

P20 12
P10 8 Extremely Anxiety
Ps 3

N 200
Mean 2230
Median 19.94
S. D. 12-40
8 Manual for S CAT
*********

TABLE 2
Percentile Equivalents ol Test Scores for Girls

Percentilees Scores Interpretation

Poo 71
Pos 41
Po 36 Extremely High Anxiety
Po 29
Prs (Os) 28
Pro 27 High Anxiety
Pso 25
Pso (Md) 23 Normal Anxiety Level
P40 20

Pao 16
Low Anxiety
P2s (Q1) 15
Po 13
P10 9 Extremely Anxiety
Ps 4

N 200
Mean 23-05
Median 22-86
D 0-90

REFERENCES

R.B. (1957). The IPAT Anxiety Scale (Self-Analysis Form). Jour. Consult.
Cattel,
Psychol, 21, 438.
Cattell, R.B. and Scheler, I. H. (1958). The Nature of Anxiety: A review of thirteen
multivariate analysis comprising 814 variables. Psychol. Rep., 4, 351-388.

Martin, B. (1959). The Measurement of Anxiety. Jour. Gen. Psychol, 61., 189-203.
Sarason, s.B. and Mandier, G. (1952). Some Correlates of Test Anxiety. Jour. Abn.
andSocial Psychol., 47,810-817.
Taylor, J.A. (1953). A Personality Scale of Manifest Anxiety. Jour. Abn. and Sociai
Psychol., 48, 285-290.
in form without the
2007. All ights reserved. No portion of this inventory material shoud be reproduced any
writen permiesion of the publisher. Manual for Sinha's Comprehensive Anuxiety Tesi (S CAT).
 Consumable Booklet

of

A. K. R Sinha (Raipur)
L. N. K. Sinha (Patna) SCATT
Pleasefill up the following intormatons

Name. .*asenenosssas ***** ***

******************************** *****

Age...***********"*************************************e******** ************************************************* *****

College. *********************************************************************************************

Department/Subject... . **soe********* ****

******* ******************

INSTRUCTIONS
Some statements are given In the next pages and they are concerned with your
behaviour and temperament. Against each statements.two alternate
responses are
provided in Yes' and 'No' form of cell. You have to read each question and put your
views by making a cross (x ) on either cell below Yes or No response.

Please reply all the statements without hesitation as your response will be kept
confidential. Although there is no time limit, still be quick in your work.

SCORING TABLE

Pages 2 Total

Raw Scores

Estd. 1971
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NATIONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CORPORATION
4/230, KACHERI GHAT, AGRA -282 004 (INDIA)
2 Consumable Booklet of S CA T
St. STATEMENTS
No.
1. Do you feel that you are punlshed without any crime 7
2. Do you lose the balance of your mind even under ordinary pressure of
Circumstances ?

3. Do you generaly have unsteady mind?

Do you generelly stutter while talking to strangers ?

5. Do you sometimes feel that your life is useless ?

6. Do you weep very easily ?

in your mind ?
7 Do you gernerally have the confict of sin and righteousness
8. Do you get very much exclted of the just rememberance of the bitter experiences
of your lie ?

9. Do you generaly feel that you would lose your presence of mind ?
10. Do you feel so scared that your tongue gets dried up?
11. Do you think yoursell to be the sinner without any reason?
?
12. Do you constarntly have the strain in your nervous system
miss your train?
13. Do you occasionally have fear while going out that you may
14. Do you feel the lack of sieep ?

in some work or other just to forget your

15. Do you always get yourself busy
problems ?
tired of your
16. Do you wani to run away to some distant place having got
problems
are dificut to corect ?
7. Do you generally commt such errors which
eror because of which you are
8. Do you think that you have committed certain
very restless?

19. going to high places 7

Are you efraid of

20. Do you generaly feel physical weakness 7

21. Do you generaly think that He will remain sad ?

the litte sympathy of others ?
22. Do you shed tears at the time of your troubles by

23. Do you generaily teel thet you are helpless ?

24. Do you generaly get last in yourselif ?
25. Do.you generaly work under the condltion of strain ?

26. Do you generaly remain in arncdety?

mentai tensions ?
27. Do you generatly have
of fear ?
28. Do you generaly teei suffocation because
?
29. Do you become very sad by the contradiction of your own statement

30. Do you teet that your life in dark ?

 Consumeble Booklet ofSCAT | 3
St.
No. STATEMENT YES NO

31. Do you have the fear of being unsuccesstul even

aherthorough preperations?
32 Do you generaly teel so that you are going to lose everything ?
33. Do you get very much contused under such conditons in which you have earier
encountered great loss
34. Do you think that life ls tutil of despalr ?
35. o you get very much contused when you see some body in fainting or sense
lessness ?

36.

37.
Are you generally restless because of some troubles ?

Do you generaly think over the past everts ?

0
38 Do you become restless by the erroneous presumptons of others about you ?
39. Do you feel physical tired ?

Doyou teel that even small things become problems tor you?
41. Doyou generally have the fear of being caught by epidemic disease 7
42. Do you generaly do such works which make you repented very much ?
43. Do you become atraid of even by the inagination of faliluro ?
44. Are you very often restiess even by useless talks7
45. Do you gerierally get disturbed by imaginary evils ?

46. Doyou generaily have the complaints of constipation ?

47. Do you teel that your fortune does not tavour you7
48. Do you generally get involved in such matters which may make you to torget
yourselif ?
49. Are you unpleasing by nature ?

50. Do you generely feel dificuty in making decisions ?

51. Do you get touched even by short time wating ?
62 Doyou goneraly have the tear that your life may not be doomed because ot
conspiracy of others ?

53. Do you generaly have the tear of some thing or athers ?

Do you think yourset 1o be more unlortunate than others ?

Doyou feel that others goneralily misunderstand you?

56. Do you generaly get so restless that it is difficult for you to st in one place ?
57. Do you generaly teel yoursel iterior because of your own falures ?
58. Do you generally have the feefing of loss rather than of gains ?
59. Do you lose the presence of your mind even by ordinary bad events ?
60. Do you have the feeling of exctation in every work ?
 CAAT
4| Consumeble Booklet of S
YES NO
St. STATEMENTS
No.
much of troubles in any work that you have to leave
it
61. Doyou generally get so
incompleted ?
excited ?
2 Are there suchthings, the recollecton of whch make you extremely
?
63. Do you generally have the feeling of heaviness in your head
64. Do you feel that people taunt at your talks ?

65. Do you get annoyed even by ordinary opposition ?

66. Doyou think that death might have been some how better?
67. Do you generaly forget even the recent talks ?

68. Do you constantly have the fear of your deleat ?

69. Do you gerneraly get restloss and excted ?

70. Do you generally get lost in day dreaming ?
71. Doyou generatly get angry with yoursel#7
72. Doyou generally have the feeling of heart fallure ?

73. Are you generally afraid to seeing a crowd ?

74. Doyou have dtflculty in concentratingat a certain object ?

75. Do you have the possibiities of cormmitting errors even after having done it with

full care?
76. Do you ever have the feeling that you lack In sex potency ?
77. Do you have conficting thoughts ?
78. Do you get excited very quickly ?
?
79. Do you generaly have the anxiety of your own failure
80. Does ordinary critlcism of yoursel make you restless?
81. Do you generally have the feeling of urination
or latrine when you have to

undortake some important work ?

Do you sometime get angry or become pleased with others generally without any
82
reason ?
is not completed 7
83. Are you generally in hgih tension when your work
reasons ?
84. Are you generally sad because of unknown
Do you have on account of sex matters ?
85. aroiety
86. Do you teel restless?
87. Do you have more anuiety tharn others ?
do not like ?
88.

89.

90.
Do you have such thoughts In your mind which you
Do youhave ditficuty in resplration 7
Do you get disturbed even by the imaginary sadness ?
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2002, 1991, 1871. ights reeerved. Reproduction in any torm
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Sinha's Compreheneve Arudety Test (S CA) Englileh Veraion