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Institutionalism

This document discusses institutionalism and feminism. It emphasizes that institutionalism focuses on the role of established institutions and their structures, stability, ability to regulate behavior, shared values, and legitimacy. It also provides examples of key social institutions and types of institutions. The document then discusses feminism, noting that it aims to advance rights for women in areas like education and employment. It outlines the main waves and principles of feminism, including types like liberal, socialist, and radical feminism.

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Ringo Navarro
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87 views2 pages

Institutionalism

This document discusses institutionalism and feminism. It emphasizes that institutionalism focuses on the role of established institutions and their structures, stability, ability to regulate behavior, shared values, and legitimacy. It also provides examples of key social institutions and types of institutions. The document then discusses feminism, noting that it aims to advance rights for women in areas like education and employment. It outlines the main waves and principles of feminism, including types like liberal, socialist, and radical feminism.

Uploaded by

Ringo Navarro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Institutionalism

This is an approach that emphasizes the role of institutions. Also, it stresses the usefulness of
established institutions, often at the expense of the individual (Ahmed 2015).
Characteristics of Institutions – Source (Ahmed 2015)

• Structures - The most significant element of an institution.


- Structure may be either formal (legislature, bureaucracy, political parties, mass-media) or
informal (a network of interacting organizations or a set of shared norms).
- Institutionalism provides no place for individuals and their interests.
- Rather it involves groups of individuals in some sort of patterned interactions that is
predictable based upon specified relationships among the actors.
• Stability - The existence of some sort of stability over time.
- Some legislator may decide to meet in a committee meeting once in a room in the parliament
house. That could be very pleasant but it would not be an institution.
- If they agree to meet routinely after a specific period of time at the same place, that would
begin to take on the shape of an institution.
• Regulator of individual behavior
- Institutions must in some way (formal/informal) constrain the behavior of its members. If we
resume with the trivial instance of the committee meeting above, it may not be considered as
an institution if the members do not attach importance and obligation to attend the meeting.
• Shared Values
- There should be some sense of shared values and meaning among the members of the
institution. This view is central to the normative institutionalism of March and Olsen
• Legitimacy
- Institutions involve legitimacy beyond the preference of individual actors. They are valued in
themselves and not simply for their immediate purposes and outputs. Institution’s stability of
over time may contribute to gain this legitimacy (Lowndes: 1996:182).
Table 1: Types of Institution - Source: (SparkNotes 2020)
Types of Institution Description
The role of this institutions is to procreates (have children),
1. Family
nurture, and teach values.
This institution answers the unanswerable, establish morality, deal
2. Religion
with death and the afterlife.
This institution is concerned with the production, consumption,
3. Economy
and distribution of goods and services; supply & demand.
This institution is entrusted with making and enforcing the rules
4. Government of a society as well as with regulating relations with other
societies. (political order)
It is a place where people of different ages gain an education,
5. Education including preschools, childcare, primaryelementary schools,
secondary-high schools, and universities.

Feminist Theory
Feminism or feminist theory is a range of political movements, ideologies, and social movements
that share a common goal which is to define and advance political, economic, personal, and social
rights for women (Berroya 2017).
This includes seeking to establish equal opportunities for women in education and employment.
Table 2: Movements of Feminism – Source: (Mohammad Salik 2017)
Movements of Feminism Description
Feminism refers to an extended period of feminist activity
1st Wave during the nineteenth century and early twentieth century in
the United Kingdom and the United States.
Feminism refers to the period of activity in the early 1960s and
2nd Wave
lasting through the late 1990s.
3rd Wave Feminism began in the early 1990s, arising as a response to
perceived failures of the second wave and also as a response to
the backlash against initiatives and movements created by the
second wave.
Table 3: Basic Principles of Feminism – Source: (Mohammad Salik 2017)
Principles Description
Feminist thought links ideas to action, insisting
Working to increase equality we should push for change toward gender
equality and not just talk about it.

Principles Description
Feminists believe that both men and women
should have the freedom to develop their human
interests and talents, even if those interests and
Expanding human choice talents conflict with the status quo.
For example, if a woman wants to be a
mechanic, she should have the right and
opportunity to do so.
Feminists oppose laws and cultural norms that
Eliminating gender stratification limit income, educational and job opportunities
for women.
Ending sexual violence and promoting sexual Feminists feel that women should have control
freedom over their sexuality and reproduction.
Table 4: Types of Feminism – Source: (Mohammad Salik 2017)
Types of Feminism Description
Liberal feminism is an individualistic form of
feminist theory, which focuses on women’s
ability to maintain their equality through their
Liberal Feminism own actions and choices.
Liberal feminists argue that society holds the
false belief that women are, by nature, less
intellectually and physically capable than men.
Socialist feminism is a branch of feminism that
focuses upon both the public and private
spheres of a woman's life and argues that
liberation can only be achieved by working to
end both the economic and cultural sources of
Socialist Feminism women's oppression.
Socialist feminism is a two-pronged theory that
broadens Marxist feminism's argument for the
role of capitalism in the oppression of women
and radical feminism's theory of the role of
gender and the patriarchy.
Types of Feminism Description
Radical Feminism Radical feminism is a perspective within
feminism that calls for a radical reordering of
society in which male supremacy is eliminated
in all social and economic contexts.

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