1 How many orbitals would you expect for a system with the following set of quantum numbers?

Choose one a. 1
answer.
b. 3

c. 5

d. 7

2 What is the designation for the subshell with the following set of quantum numbers?

Choose one a. 5d
answer.
b. 6f

c. 6p

d. The subshell does not exist.

3 The following set of quantum numbers

Choose one a. is representative of a transition metal.

answer.
b. is not allowed.

c. is representative of a p-block element.

d. is representative of an element with two valence electrons.

4 One of the p-orbitals of an unknown element is half filled. Assuming that Hund's rule is upheld, which of the following
elements could not be the unknown element?

Choose one a. xenon

answer.
b. silicon

c. gallium

d. iodine

5 Which of these compounds has a nonzero dipole moment?

Choose one a. boron trifluoride

answer.
b. water

c. carbon dioxide

d. methane
6 The configuration for cadmium has 48 electrons. How many electrons occupy the 3d orbital?

Choose one a. 2
answer.
b. 6

c. 10

d. 14

7 How many electrons are in the outermost energy shell for promethium (element 61)?

Choose one a. 2
answer.
b. 4

c. 8

d. 12

8 The element represented by this orbital diagram is

Choose one a. lithium.

answer.
b. carbon.

c. silicon.

d. nitrogen.

9 The element represented by this orbital diagram is

Choose one a. chlorine.

answer.
b. argon.

c. neon.

d. boron.

10 In the experimentally observed Zeff values for the 2p elements, we find that the increase in the Zeff for a 2p electron is
slightly smaller between N and O (ΔZeff ≈ 0.62) than between C and N (ΔZeff ≈ 0.69). Which of the following is not a reason
for the differences in the ΔZeff values?

Choose one a. Moving from C to N adds an electron to an occupied orbital.

answer.
b. The Zeff value for oxygen is raised due to additional shielding from fluorine.
 c. Moving from N to O pairs two electrons in a single orbital.

d. The Zeff value decreases with an increase in electron repulsion.

11 Which element has the largest ionization energy?

Choose one a. fluorine

answer.
b. chlorine

c. bromine

d. iodine

12 Which element has the smallest atomic radius?

Choose one a. indium

answer.
b. gallium

c. boron

d. aluminum

13 For which of these systems does the metal have a d0 electron configuration?

Choose one a. RuNH33+

answer.
b. MnO4-

c. CuNO3

d. Zn(ClO4)2

14 Which element has the lowest electron affinity?

Choose one a. argon

answer.
b. chlorine

c. xenon

d. bromine

15 The 4th ionization energy of aluminum is approximately 154 eV. From which orbital is the electron being removed?

Choose one a. 2p
answer.
b. 2s

c. 3p

d. 3s
16 For the nitrite ion structure below, what is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom?

Choose one a. 1+
answer.
b. 1-

c. 2+

d. There is no charge on the nitrogen.

17 The Lewis dot structure for a sulfate ion gives sulfur a formal charge of zero with six bonds. Based on the structure and the
Lewis dot theory, which of the following statements about the sulfur atom is false?

Choose one a. The sulfur disobeys the octet rule.

answer.
b. Sulfur has more valence electrons than oxygen.

c. Sulfur has a greater number of electron shells than oxygen.

d. Sulfur is less electronegative than oxygen.

18 The AX3E structure notation best describes which molecule?

Choose one a. H2O

answer.
b. SF4

c. NH3

d. XeF4

19 What is the molecular geometry of BCl3?

Choose one a. square planar

answer.
b. octahedral

c. tetrahedral

d. trigonal planar

20 What is the bond order for the Be2 molecule?

Choose one a. 0
answer.
b. 1
 c. 2

d. 3

21 According to molecular orbital theory, which molecule is the most stable?

Choose one a. N2
answer.
b. C2

c. B2

d. Be2

22 The crystal field splitting diagram shown here represents a _________ complex.

Choose one a. high-spin iron(II)

answer.
b. low-spin iron(II)

c. high-spin iron(III)

d. low-spin iron(III)

23 The reaction between hexaamminechromium(III) perchlorate and an excess amount of _________ would definitely lead to
the following crystal field splitting diagram.

Choose one a. water

answer.
b. oxalic acid

c. ammonia

d. hydrobromic acid

24 Which orbital would you expect to be the LUMO for a O22- peroxide ion?

Choose one a. 2pσ

answer.
 b. 2pπ

c. 2pσ*

d. 2pπ*

25 The crystal field splitting diagram shown here represents

Choose one a. [Co(NH3)6]3-.

answer.
b. [NiCl6]4-.

c. [Ni(NH3)6]2+.

d. [CoF6]3-.

26 The crystal field splitting diagram shown here represents

Choose one a. paramagnetic [FeCl6]3+.

answer.
b. paramagnetic [Fe(CN)6]3+.

c. diamagnetic [Co(NH3)6]3+.

d. diamagnetic [CoF6]2+.

27 The chemical formula for potassium hexacyanorhodium(III) is

Choose one a. K3[Rh(CN)6].

answer.
b. Na2[Rh(CN)6].

c. Na2[Rh(NH3)6].

d. K[Rh(CN)6].
28 The proper name for the Na[PtCl3(NH3)] complex is

Choose one a. amminetrichloroplatinate(II) ion.

answer.
b. sodium amminetrichloroplatinate(II).

c. sodium amminetrichloroplatinate(IV).

d. potassium amminetrichloroplatinate(II).

29 Which complex would you expect to be blue in an aqueous solution?

Choose one a. [Ni(CO)6]3+

answer.
b. [Ru(bipy)3]2+

c. [FeCl6]3+

d. [Co(CN)6]3-

30 What geometry would you expect [Pt(CN)4]2- complex to have?

Choose one a. trigonal bipyrimidal

answer.
b. tetragonal

c. tetrahedral

d. square planar

31 A rhombohedral crystal system has which characteristics?

Choose one a. a ≠ b ≠ c, α = β = γ = 90°

answer.
b. a = b = c, α = β = γ ≠ 90°

c. a = b = c, α = β = γ = 90°

d. a ≠ b ≠ c, α = β = γ ≠ 90°

32 The complex MXLY has the crystal coordinate system seen below. Of the 14 Bravais lattices, to which could MXLY belong?

Choose one a. base-centered orthorhombic

answer.
b. face-centered cubic

c. body-centered orthorhombic

d. base-centered monoclinic

33 How many spheres/atoms are contained in a face-centered cubic unit cell?

Choose one a. 2
answer.
b. 4

c. 6

d. 8

34 Which of the following statements concerning amorphous solids is false?

Choose one a. Unlike crystalline solids, amorphous solids lack a repeating unit cell, leading to a random
answer. organization of atoms.
b. Unlike crystalline solids, amorphous solids tend to lose structural organization as their lattices
extend.
c. Amorphous solids are said to behave as supercooled liquids, leading to an ease in transitioning
between physical states.

d. The formation of amorphous solids is aided by the rapid cooling of a molten compound.

35 Which of the following is not a characteristic of covalent solids?

Choose one a. high melting point

answer.
b. low electrical conductivity

c. high level of hardness

d. high water solubility

36 How many complete flourine atoms are present in a single unit cell of flourite (CaF2)?

Choose one a. 4
answer.
b. 6

c. 8

d. 14

37 How many spheres/atoms are contained in a simple cubic unit cell?

Choose one a. 0
answer.
b. 1

c. 2

d. 4

38 Which halogen would form a binary rubidium compound (RbX) with the longest bond length?

Choose one a. fluorine

answer.
b. chlorine

c. bromine
 d. iodine

39 Which ion has the smallest radius?

Choose one a. selenium

answer.
b. tellurium

c. oxygen

d. sulfur

40 Which of the following statements about the 14 Bravais unit cells is incorrect?

Choose one a. The unit cell is the simplest repeating unit in the crystal lattice.
answer.
b. Opposing faces of a unit cell are parallel.

c. Each unit cell edge is equivalent in length.

d. Each unit cell edge connects equivalent points/atoms.

41 Using the table below, determine the crystal lattice energy of KBr.

Choose one a. -604 kJ/mol

answer.
b. -660 kJ/mol

c. -740 kJ/mol

d. -819 kJ/mol

42 Cesium and sodium are Group 1 metals, but the coordination number of cesium in the CsCl unit cell is 8, whereas the
coordination number of sodium in the NaCl unit cell is 6. What allows cesium to have a larger coordination number?

Choose one a. Sodium has a larger ionic radius than cesium, allowing for less anion attraction.
answer.
b. Due to its size, cesium makes more contact with adjacent anions than sodium does.
c. The NaCl radius ratio is greater than that of CsCl, forcing anions farther from the metal cation.

d. Chlorine is too electronegative to be completely compatible with sodium.

43 How many complete NaCl molecules are found in the rock salt unit cell?

Choose one a. 1
answer.
b. 4

c. 8

d. 12

44 The coordination numbers of Ca2+ and F- in flourite are _________, respectively.

Choose one a. 2 and 4

answer.
b. 4 and 2

c. 4 and 4

d. 6 and 4

45 A body-centered cubic crystal system is best represented in the unit cell of which crystalline solid?

Choose one a. perovskite

answer.
b. NaCl

c. rutile

d. CsCl

46 In a close-packed system, what percentage of the unit cell is occupied by holes?

Choose one a. 14
answer.
b. 26

c. 74

d. 86

47 In a hexagonal close-packed system, the metal atom caps are arranged in an _________ pattern.

Choose one a. ABC

answer.
b. AAA

c. ABB

d. ABA

48 For a face-centered cubic crystal system MX, the metal M is located at the coordinates (1/2, 1/2, 1/2). What would you expect
the metal's coordination number to be?

Choose one a. 4
answer.
b. 6
 c. 8

d. 12

49 A Madelung constant value near 2.4 would likely represent which compound?

Choose one a. barium selenide

answer.
b. beryllium oxide

c. titanium(II) oxide

d. strontium chloride

50 Tetrahedral holes have a coordination number of

Choose one a. 4.
answer.
b. 6.

c. 8.

d. 12.

51 How many octahedral holes would you expect to find in a closed-packed crystal containing 8 atoms?

Choose one a. 4
answer.
b. 6

c. 8

d. 12

52 How many tetrahedral holes would you expect to find in a close-packed crystal containing 6 atoms?

Choose one a. 4
answer.
b. 6

c. 8

d. 12

53 What is the size of an octahedral hole in a cubic close-packed system with a radius of 1.5 Ä?

Choose one a. 0.310 Ä

answer.
b. 0.414 Ä

c. 0.621 Ä

d. 0.932 Ä

54 What is the size of a tetrahedral hole in a cubic close-packed system with a radius of 1.2 Ä?
Choose one a. 0.23 Ä
answer.
b. 0.27 Ä

c. 0.40 Ä

d. 0.54 Ä

55 The MX compound has a radius ratio of 0.51. The metal ion M has the crystal lattice coordinates shown below. Which of the
following statements about the MX compound is false?

Choose one a. There are at least three M spheres within the lattice.
answer.
b. The lattice is body centered.

c. The lattice is close-packed cubic.

d. The system is hexacoordinate.

56 A body-centered cubic unit cell has a coordination number of

Choose one a. 4.
answer.
b. 6.

c. 8.

d. 10.

57 Steel—a solid solution consisting of carbon atoms seated in the holes of an iron atom structure—is an example of a(n)

Choose one a. pure metal.

answer.
b. alkali metal.

c. substitutional alloy.

d. interstitial alloy.

58 Brass—a solid solution consisting of zinc and copper atoms—can be considered a(n) _________ and a(n) _________.

Choose one a. substitutional alloy, interstitial alloy

answer.
b. intermetallic alloy, interstitial alloy

c. substitutional alloy, intermetallic alloy

d. pure metal, intermetallic alloy

59 Raising the temperature of a metal serves to

Choose one a. ease electron flow over band gaps.
answer.
b. slow down the activity of the atom, promoting a gradual increase in conductivity.

c. impede conductivity due to increased atom vibration.

d. allow the metal to behave as a superconductor.

60 Which of the following statements about superconductors is true?

Choose one a. Superconductors are perfectly paramagnetic.

answer.
b. Most superconductors require low temperatures to be efficient.

c. Superconductors exhibit high resistance to electron flow.

d. Superconductors exhibit large energy gaps between the valence and conductor bands.

61 The LUMO of a semiconductor

Choose one a. has a limited number of electrons present.

answer.
b. is often separated from the HOMO by an unsurmountable energy gap.

c. serves as a dopant to the valence band.

d. serves to provide electrons to the valence band.

62 Glass and quartz are examples of

Choose one a. conductors.

answer.
b. semiconductors.

c. insulators.

d. superconductors.

63 For n-type semiconductors,

Choose one a. conduction band electrons outnumber valence band holes.

answer.
b. electron flow is halted due to dopant impurities.
c. an equal number of valence band holes and conductor band electrons exist, making dopants
unnecessary.

d. doping is facilitated by halides.

64 The doping of silicon with which element would likely form an p-type semiconductor?

Choose one a. phosphorus

answer.
b. boron

c. antimony

d. carbon
65 Which of the following statements about semiconductors is true?

Choose one a. Intrinsic superconductors require a dopant to conduct electricity.

answer.
b. Semiconductors have no energy gap between the valence and conductor bands.

c. Semiconductors increase in conductivity with increasing temperatures.

d. Intrinsic semiconductors are more efficient than extrinsic semiconductors.

66 For potassium metal, the 4p band represents the _________ and the _________.

Choose one a. LUMO, antibonding orbital

answer.
b. LUMO, bonding orbital

c. HOMO, nonbonding orbital

d. HOMO, antibonding orbital

67 At low temperatures, semiconductors and insulators differ only in

Choose one a. valence band composition, with semiconductors and insulators having half- and fully filled
answer. HOMOs, respectively.
b. electron placement, with electrons occupying the conductance bands of semiconductors but
not of insulators.
c. resistivity, with semiconductors being less conductive than insulators with increasing
temperatures.
d. band gap size, with insulator band gaps being greater in energy than those of semiconductors.

68 A material that is able to maintain zero electrical resistance at temperatures near 30K° is considered a(n)

Choose one a. intrinsic semiconductor.

answer.
b. high-temperature superconductor.

c. low-temperature superconductor.

d. extrinsic semiconductor.

69 Which system below represents an n-type semiconductor?

Choose one a. I
answer.
b. II

c. I and II

d. none of the above

70 4s-4p band overlap allows calcium to behave as a conductor. How many energy levels are present in the conduction band?

Choose one a. 2
answer.
b. 6

c. 8

d. 14

71 Which system below represents an intrinsic semiconductor?

Choose one a. I
answer.
b. II

c. I and II

d. none of the above

72 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy makes use of liquid helium in order to generate large magnetic fields. The
metals involved in creating these fields are behaving as

Choose one a. intrinsic semiconductors.

answer.
b. high-temperature superconductors.

c. low-temperature superconductors.

d. extrinsic semiconductors.

73 For which Lewis base would you expect Cu+ to have the greatest affinity?

Choose one a. I-
answer.
b. Br-

c. Cl-

d. F-
74 Under acidic aqueous conditions, the permanganate ion dissociates and forms Mn2+ and 4 mol of water. How many electrons
are transferred in this reaction?

Choose one a. 0
answer.
b. 2

c. 5

d. 7

75 As the oxidation number of a Lewis acid becomes larger (such as Co2+ to Co3+), what happens to its hard/soft acid/base
character?

Choose one a. The Lewis acid becomes softer.

answer.
b. The Lewis acid becomes harder.

c. No change is observed.

d. The Lewis acid behaves as a base.

76 The pOH of the conjugate base of an unknown acid is 4.17. What is the [H+] concentration of the unknown acid?

Choose one a. 2.27 x 10-12

answer.
b. 1.48 x 10-10

c. 6.76 x 10-5

d. 4.66 x 10-2

77 In a sulfur-based Lewis base, as the oxidation number of sulfur increases (such as SO32- to SO42-), what happens to its Lewis
base character?

Choose one a. No change is observed.

answer.
b. The Lewis base becomes harder.

c. The Lewis base becomes softer.

d. The Lewis base behaves as an acid.

78 At room temperature, which hydrogen halide has the lowest boiling point?

Choose one a. HI
answer.
b. HF

c. HCl

d. HBr

79 The addition of 4.5x molar excess of aminodimethylsulfoxide (ADMSO) to an ethanolic solution of CuCl2 leads to the formation
of Cu(ADMSO)4. What is the makeup of the metal-ligand bond?
Choose one a. C-O
answer.
b. C-C

c. C-S

d. C-N

80 For the reaction of mercury(II) chloride and ammonia, which product is a conjugate Lewis base?

Choose one a. NH3

answer.
b. HgCl2

c. Hg(NH3)2

d. Cl-

81 For the reaction below, the hydrogen phosphate ion behaves as a(n)

Choose one a. acid.

answer.
b. base.

c. chelator

d. catalyst.

82 For the reaction below, water behaves as a(n)

Choose one a. acid.

answer.
b. base.

c. both A and B

d. none of the above

83 For the pair of reactions below, which compounds are represented by X, Y, and Z, respectively?
Choose one a. FeSO43, 3Ag2SO4, 3Pt(SCN)4
answer.
b. Fe2(SO4)3, 6Ag2SO4, 3Pt(SCN)4

c. Fe2(SO4)3, 6Ag2SO4, 3Pt(SCN)2

d. Fe2(SO4)3, 3Ag2SO4, 3Pt(SCN)4

84 For which Lewis acid would you expect CO to have the least affinity?

Choose one a. Ag+

answer.
b. Ru3+

c. Be2+

d. Zn2+

85 For which Lewis acid would you expect H2O to have the greatest affinity?

Choose one a. Pt4+

answer.
b. Cd2+

c. Ni2+

d. Fe3+

86 Which of the following hydrogen halides has the smallest bond enthalpy?

Choose one a. HI
answer.
b. HF

c. HBr

d. HCl

87 The combustion of methane gas forms _________ and water.

Choose one a. oxalic acid

answer.
b. carbon monoxide

c. carbon suboxide

d. carbon dioxide

88 The reaction of a Group I metal hydroxide with excess nitric acid leads to a series of solid metal nitrates. Of the following,
which would you expect to have the lowest boiling point?
Choose one a. RbNO3
answer.
b. LiNO3

c. NaNO3

d. KNO3

89 Which Group 3 element has the highest melting point?

Choose one a. aluminum

answer.
b. boron

c. indium

d. gallium

90 Which diatomic system has the largest bond enthalpy?

Choose one a. PbO

answer.
b. SiO

c. CO

d. GeO

91 Nitrogen and phosphorus are Group 5 elements, but nitrogen forms only three bonds, while phosphorus can form up to five.
What accounts for the ability of phosphorus to form more bonds?

Choose one a. Phosphorus has an additional electron shell.

answer.
b. Phosphorus has two more valence electrons than nitrogen.

c. Phosphorus is more electronegative than nitrogen.

d. Nitrogen has three unpaired electrons in its ground state.

92 Which Group 6 element has the largest atomic radius?

Choose one a. oxygen

answer.
b. sulfur

c. selenium

d. tellurium

93 The molecular formula for chlorous acid is

Choose one a. HClO.

answer.
b. HClO2.

c. HClO3.
 d. HClO4.

94 Which of the following halogens is a solid at room temperature?

Choose one a. bromine

answer.
b. chlorine

c. iodine

d. fluorine

95 While not to the same extent as Group I metals, Group II metals are quite reactive with water. Each metal has a different
level of reactivity with water, but they ultimately follow a well-observed reactivity trend. What is an explanation for the trend
observed in water reactivity when moving down from beryllium to barium?

Choose one a. The electronegativity increases with additional electron shells.

answer.
b. The electrons of the larger metals are farther from the nucleus and easier to remove.

c. The smaller metals have a greater attraction to the lone pairs on the H2O oxygens.

d. The presence of d-orbital electrons in the larger metals allows for decreased water reactivity.

96 In the product for the reaction below, what is the oxidation state of phosphorus?

Choose one a. 2+
answer.
b. 3+

c. 3-

d. 5+

97 For the reaction below, X could represent which element?

Choose one a. calcium

answer.
b. rubidium

c. indium

d. silicon

98 For the reaction below, element X is a _________ element.

Choose one a. Group 2
answer.
b. Group 3

c. Group 4

d. Group 5

99 For the reaction below, X could represent which element?

Choose one a. strontium

answer.
b. potassium

c. magnesium

d. gallium

100 For the reaction below, element X is a _________ element.

Choose one a. Group 1

answer.
b. Group 2

c. Group 5

d. Group 7