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1. At a certain restaurant, diners are able to choose an entrée, main and dessert, each
created by one of three head chefs, to make up a full course meal. The prices of the
dishes are shown below.

Entree Main Dessert
Head chef 1 $16 $25 $20
Head chef 2 $19 $22 $23
Head chef 3 $20 $21 $21

Sammy wants to taste a dish from each one of the head chefs. What is the cheapest
total price that Sammy’s full course meal could cost?
a. $58
b. $54
c. $59
d. $60

2. Belinda recently adopted a new pet. The following statements were made:

1. Belinda’s favourite animal is a cat.
2. Dogs are too loud and energetic for Belinda’s liking.
3. Belinda adopted her pet from the local pet adoption centre.
4. The local pet adoption centre only had cats available for adoption.
5. All of the pet cats in Belinda’s area were adopted from the local pet adoption
centre.

Which statement(s) above proves that Bella adopted a pet cat?
a. Statements 1 and 2
b. Statements 3 and 4
c. Statements 2 and 4
d. Statements 3, 4 and 5

3. A paper shredder has a maximum operating time of 4 minutes before it needs to be
turned off for 10 minutes to prevent the machine from overheating. What is the
maximum possible operating time in a 1-hour period?
a. 12 minutes
b. 16 minutes
c. 20 minutes
d. 24 minutes

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Questions 4 and 5 refer to the following information.

Two brothers, Bill and Bob, run an ice cream stand together. The table below shows
their average daily sales for 2021, broken down into each ice cream flavour.

Ice cream flavour Average daily sale
Vanilla $43
Chocolate $48
Strawberry $47
Mint chocolate $43
Cookies and cream $57

The following line graph shows their total average daily sales, for all 5 flavours, during
the first 4 years of their business before 2021.


Total Average Daily Sales

300



200
$208

$170

100 $129

$93

0

2017 2018 2019 2020



4. By how much did their total average daily sales increase in 2021 from the previous
year?
a. $30
b. $31
c. $29
d. $28

5. In which of the following time periods did their total average daily sales have the
greatest increase?
a. 2017 to 2018
b. 2018 to 2019
c. 2019 to 2020
d. 2020 to 2021

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6. Childcare worker: Asking children to do chores not only helps out the family, but it is
also very beneficial for the children. Giving children the task of doing chores helps
them to develop responsibility and cooperation. It also teaches children how to do
important household tasks that they will need to know during adulthood.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the childcare worker’s argument?
a. Some children often help out with chores without being asked.
b. Schools do not help children to develop responsibility, so another method to
do so is needed.
c. Chores are often too difficult and tiring for children to do.
d. During the year, there may times where there are too many household
chores for parents to do alone.

7. Jasmine is shopping online for clothes. She orders three shirts priced at $18 each
and two hats priced at $14 each. The website she is shopping at has a minimum
spend of $100 to obtain free delivery. The delivery cost would otherwise cost $8.

How much money does Jasmine need to pay for her clothes?
a. $90
b. $86
c. $82
d. $80

8. Nutritionist: People who consume a restrictive diet are most likely not getting all of
the nutrients that they need. This is because no one food group can provide all of the
nutrients a person needs. Hence, people should eat from all food groups.

Which of the following, if true, most weakens the nutritionist’s argument?
a. Fruits and vegetables typically make up the majority of a person’s diet.
b. Some food groups are generally more nutritious than others.
c. People can take supplement tablets that provide the nutrients that they need.
d. Different people require different amounts of every nutrient.

9. It is recommended that children are only given their own mobile phone if they may
be in situations of emergency. However, it is clear that most parents do not follow
this recommendation, as statistics show that most children under 10 years old own a
mobile phone.

Which of the following is an underlying assumption of the argument above?
a. Most children cannot afford their own mobile phone, so they need their
parents to buy it for them.
b. Parents should follow the recommendations on mobile phone usage.
c. Most children under 10 years old may not be in situations of emergency.
d. Most parents do not know how to care for their child’s health and safety.

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10. Shown below is a patterned square tile, with a corner cut out of it.








?



Which of the following will complete the tile such that it is symmetrical along the
dotted line?

a. b.







c. d.








11. Danielle wants to buy some weights so that she can exercise at home. For her range
of exercises, she needs a pair of 1 kg, a pair of 2 kg and a pair of 3 kg dumbbells. She
can buy individual dumbbells for $4.50 per kg. Alternatively, a full set of 1 kg, 2 kg
and 3 kg dumbbell pairs costs $50 in total.

Is it cheaper for Danielle to buy the dumbbells individually or as a full set, and by
how much?
a. Individually, by $5
b. Individually, by $4
c. As a set, by $5
d. As a set, by $4

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12. Event planner: Celebrations such as birthday parties or weddings do not need to be
expensive and involve many people to be special. Casual, low-key celebrations with
close family and friends can be just as, if not more, memorable. People often get too
caught up with the idea that the more embellishments and the more people there
are, the better the celebration will be.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the event planner’s argument?
a. Some people spend more on a birthday party than the average wedding cost.
b. Parties are often more stressful when there are many guests.
c. A person’s wedding usually only occurs once in their life.
d. The actual celebration lasts for a short time compared to the typical
preparation time required.

13. Although meteorologists have tools to measure past and present atmospheric
conditions, at the end of the day, they need to make an educated guess based on the
data they collect. Since they are relying on mother nature, the accuracy of the data
available to them cannot always be confirmed.

Which of the following conclusions can best be drawn from the passage above?
a. Meteorologists are not always able to make accurate weather predictions.
b. Being a meteorologist should be recognised as a very tough job.
c. The tools that meteorologists use to predict weather are not always accurate.
d. Being able to make educated guesses about future weather improves with
experience.

14. A class conducted a survey about transportation options. The following statements
were made:

1. Transport that does not require power or petrol were the least common.
2. The class’ votes suggested that cars and trains were equally the most
common.
3. The class is made up of 30 students.
4. A total of 12 students voted cars as the most common mode of transport.
5. After the votes were tallied, one student changed their vote from car to train.

Which statement(s) above proves that trains were voted as the most common mode
of transport?
a. Statement 1 only
b. Statements 1 and 2
c. Statements 3 and 4
d. Statements 2 and 5

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15. The following table shows the types of entry tickets available at a theme park.

Pass Full day pass One week pass One year pass
Under 12 y/o and Under 12 y/o and Under 12 y/o and
Age group
12 y/o over 12 y/o over 12 y/o over
Price $40 $65 $224 $406 $1,850 $2,100

A 20 year-old person bought a one week pass and went to the theme park every day
of that week. How much more would they have paid per day if they had bought a full
day pass each day?
a. $5
b. $6
c. $7
d. $8

16. “The chance of rain during hot weather is significantly less compared to during cold
weather. However, it can still rain when the weather is hot.”

Ivan: We are finally leaving Winter behind and entering Spring. It will probably
begin to rain less now too, as Spring has warmer weather.

Tina: Today’s weather involves a higher temperature than yesterday. This means
that it will most likely not rain today.

If the quoted statement is true, whose reasoning is correct?
a. Ivan only
b. Tina only
c. Both Ivan and Tina
d. Neither Ivan nor Tina

17. Steve’s phone and tablet charge at different speeds. His phone can charge from 0%
to 100% battery in 2.8 hours, while it takes his tablet 4 hours to do so. If he starts to
charge both devices at the same time when they are both at 50% battery, what will
be the percentage charge on the tablet by the time that the phone is fully charged?
Assume that both devices charge at the same constant speed.
a. 67%
b. 73%
c. 94%
d. 85%

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18. Mrs Ray instructed her students to draw a set of shapes following a certain rule.

Four of the students’ drawings are shown below.

Grace Mason Heather Brian

Which student most likely did not follow the rule?
a. Grace
b. Mason
c. Heather
d. Brian

19. A child’s educational years go by very quickly, so students should make the most of
their school experience. School grades, homework and exams are all very important,
but students should not neglect the social aspect of school. School excursions, camps,
and events are undeniably the most memorable parts of the school experience.

Which of the following conclusions can best be drawn from the passage above?
a. Schools should include more excursions, camps and events.
b. Students often stress too much about school grades and exams.
c. The school experience involves much more than academic aspects.
d. Academic results and school events are equally important.

20. “Usually, animals are not allowed on flights. However, people who rely on their pet
for mental health related support can register their pet as an emotional support
animal and travel with them on a flight. To do this, the person must register their pet
under their name and have a formal letter written by their mental health provider.”

Jacqui: I am going on a trip soon that I am a bit nervous for. The family dog is
registered as an emotional support animal, so I can bring him on the flight.

If the quoted passage is true, which of the following shows the mistake that Jacqui
has made?
a. The family dog’s emotional support animal registration may be expired.
b. The family dog may not be registered as an emotional support animal under
her own name.
c. She has not ensured that her airline accepts emotional support animals.
d. The family dog may not want to travel with Jacqui on the flight.

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21. Kelsey holds up the following patterned shape in front of a mirror.

Which of the following shows the mirror image of Kelsey’s shape?
a. b.









c. d.










22. To create a certain pattern for a craft project, Abigail needs one 3 centimetre string,
one 6 centimetre string and the following multiples of 3 centimetres until a
maximum length of 20 centimetres is reached. The craft shop only sells the type of
string that she needs in a 70 centimetre length.

If she buys the 70 centimetre string, what length of string will Abigail have left over?
a. 10 centimetres
b. 13 centimetres
c. 4 centimetres
d. 7 centimetres

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23. Travel guide: Japan is a fantastic place for students to live. The country is known for
having the most high achieving students and there are many fun activities for
students to do around town. There are also many convenient and delicious food
options in Japan, and the overall cost of living is lower than most other countries.

Which of the following, if true, most weakens the travel guide’s argument?
a. The size of houses and apartments in Japan are smaller than the average size
in other countries.
b. Most food which is convenient to access in Japan is not at all healthy.
c. Students in Japan learn to be responsible by helping to clean their school.
d. Japan’s students are subject to an overly intense education system that does
not leave much free time for activities.

24. Liam is staying at his parent’s house for 2 weeks while his house is undergoing
renovations. Since his parent’s house is much further away from his university than
his own, he will need to catch a train to travel to university. He has university classes
twice a week and needs to travel to the campus and back home each time. The
following table shows the prices of different train tickets.

Ticket type Single trip Two-way trip 4x Single trip One week:
(one way) Unlimited trips
Price $4.50 $7.00 $13.00 $20

What is the cheapest price for Liam to travel on the train to and from university
during the 2 weeks?
a. $26
b. $31
c. $28
d. $40

25. John’s father: Children who are still in primary school should not play competitive
sports. It teaches children poor sportsmanship and does not help with any
applications later in life. Competitive team sports can cause tension or resentment
between children if their team loses the game.

Which of the following, if true, most weakens John’s father’s argument?
a. Young children who play competitive sports develop their teamwork skills,
which are needed for many careers.
b. Some non-competitive sports may also result in injuries.
c. Parents often reward young children for winning in competitive sports.
d. Most primary school children do not fully understand the value of
collaboration and teamwork.

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26. The following image shows a chess board, with only one white knight piece moved.
In chess, a knight can only move in an L-shape. For example, the knight in cell G1 can
only move to either cells F3 or H3.




















How many empty cells can the knight in cell E4 move to?
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7

27. “A mixing bowl that is made out of glass is heavier and more prone to breakage
compared to one made out of metal. However, the advantage that glass bowls have
over metal bowls is that they can safely go into the microwave.”

Holly: I wanted a mixing bowl that is easier to carry and more durable, so I bought
one that is made out of metal instead of one that is made of glass. This means that I
should look for an alternative to cooking in the microwave.

Bill: The mixing bowl I own must be a glass bowl painted silver to look like metal. It
is heavier than a metal bowl which I know is made out of real metal, and it already
has a few dents in it.

If the quoted statement is true, whose reasoning is correct?
a. Holly only
b. Bill only
c. Both Holly and Bill
d. Neither Holly nor Bill

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28. Jodie has the following patterned square piece of paper. When folded in half, all of its
overlapping lines and shapes will be erased. Only lines which are fully overlapping
are erased, while shapes which are partially overlapping may be erased. When
unfolded, the erased lines and shapes will remain erased.













If Jodie folds the piece of paper along the dotted line, what will the piece of paper
look like when she unfolds it?

a. b.











c. d.

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29. “Jun takes his fitness very seriously and never skips a day at the gym. The only
reason he would skip a day at the gym is if there is a family emergency or if he is not
feeling well. He always goes in the morning so that he feels energised for the day.”

Lucas: When I went to my gym for a workout, Jun was not there. He either must have
had a family emergency or was not feeling well.

If the quoted passage is true, which of the following shows the mistake that Lucas
has made?
a. Lucas may not know what gym clothes Jun usually wears.
b. Jun may not normally see Lucas at the gym.
c. Lucas may not have gone at the same time as Jun.
d. Lucas did not ask Jun’s family if they had a family emergency.

30. These days, many people are perfectly capable of working past the age that is
normally considered retirement age. Despite this, there are still some countries that
have a compulsory retirement age. These countries should follow suit of the other
countries, such as Australia and the US, that have banned this idea.

Which of the following best expresses the main conclusion of the above argument?
a. A compulsory retirement age is an outdated and discriminatory rule.
b. Australia and the US paved the way for how elderly people should be treated.
c. Elderly people are more than capable to continue working past the normal
retirement age.
d. All countries should abandon the rule of a compulsory retirement age.

31. Bob needs a total of 840 kilograms of concrete to create a walkway in his backyard.
To make concrete, cement, sand and stone is needed in the ratio 1:2:3. These three
components are sold in 20 kilogram bags individually.

How many more bags of stone will Bob need than bags of cement?
a. 11
b. 14
c. 7
d. 16

32. Pet owner: Adopting a pet is much better than buying one, as it benefits the adoption
centre, the new pet, as well as the person adopting the pet. By adopting, not only will
you be giving an animal a new home, but it will also free up space to allow another
homeless animal to be rescued.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the pet owner’s argument?
a. Many adoption centres are too full to accept more homeless animals.
b. Adopting a pet only costs a few hundred dollars depending on its age.
c. Animals from adoption centres are fully vet checked and vaccinated.
d. Adoption centres have a wide range of animals available for adoption.

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33. Four friends each have a puzzle piece as shown below.

Olivia Vincent Benjamin Paula

Three of the puzzle pieces fit together to complete part of a bigger picture, while one
does not. The pieces cannot be rotated, as the design will not be correct. Who’s
puzzle piece does not fit with the others’?
a. Olivia
b. Vincent
c. Benjamin
d. Paula

34. Triangles can be stacked on top of each other in such a way so that evenly sized
triangles are formed in between each row, as shown below.














Which of the following shapes CANNOT be stacked in the same way?

a. b. c. d.

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35. In some countries, poverty is defined as having an income that is lower than the
country’s average income. However, this definition depends on the range of incomes
among a population. A sudden increase in income for some people may
automatically put others in poverty, despite their income not changing, as this will
raise the average income.

Which of the following conclusions can best be drawn from the passage above?
a. Some countries have a very large range of incomes across its population.
b. The incomes of different people should not be compared.
c. It is difficult to find an appropriate definition for poverty.
d. This definition of poverty is not accurate.

36. In basketball, players can make a shot that scores either one, two or three points. In
the first set of a game, a basketball team makes 11 one-pointer shots, 15 two-pointer
shots and 12 three-pointer shots. In the second set, they made the same number of
shots, but scored twelve more points than the first.

If they scored the same number of one-pointer shots in the second set as they did in
the first set, what is the greatest number of three-pointer shots they could have
made?
a. 24
b. 25
c. 26
d. 27

37. “According to research, hand writing notes instead of typing them increases memory
retention and enhances understanding. Hence, despite it being a slower process,
teachers recommend students to write their notes by hand.”

Fiona: I have a big speech tomorrow that I need to memorise. It will take me a long
time, but I should be able to better memorise it if I write it out by hand.

Sam: I didn’t have time to hand write my notes for the exam, so I typed them out
instead. No wonder why I couldn’t remember any information at all during the
exam!

If the quoted statement is true, whose reasoning is correct?
a. Fiona only
b. Sam only
c. Both Fiona and Sam
d. Neither Fiona nor Sam

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38. The image below shows a structure viewed from above.

Which of the following is NOT a possible view from any one of the structure’s sides?
a. b.








c. d.










39. “A food delivery service called Food2Door will always deliver hot food in an
insulated pouch to ensure that it does not cool down too quickly. If this is not done,
customers are encouraged to contact Food2Door to prevent it from happening again
in the future.”

Vivian: I ordered my lunch from Food2Door. However, it was not delivered in an
insulted pouch. I must contact Food2Door to let them know.

If the quoted paragraph is true, which of the following shows the mistake Vivian has
made?
a. Food2Door may only deliver dinner foods in an insulated pouch.
b. The delivery worker may have removed the insulated pouch after delivery.
c. The insulated pouch may have been hidden by a larger bag.
d. Vivian may have ordered food that was not hot.

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40. Ian saw a picture of a certain cupboard that he wanted to buy for his new room.
When he called the store to confirm the total price and have it delivered to his house,
the store worker informed him of an additional 10% GST of the product price, $35
delivery fee and $12 administration fee. The total price ended up being $59.50 more
than the cost of the cupboard on its own.

What was the price of the cupboard that Ian wanted to buy?
a. $105
b. $125
c. $142
d. $179

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