1

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

The Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is the accepted skills training
program, which forms part of the approved minimum Academic Standards in the various
degree program for all the Nigerian Universities and Polytechnic. It is funded by the
Federal Government of Nigeria and jointly co-ordinate by the Industrial Training Fund
(ITF) and the National Universities Commission (NUC).
It is also designed to expose and prepare students at Universities, Polytechnics, Colleges
of Technology, Colleges of Agriculture and Colleges of Education for the industrial work
situation they are likely to meet after graduation. The scheme also affords students the
opportunity of familiarizing and exposing themselves to the needed experience in
handling equipment and machinery that are usually not available in their Institutions.
Before the establishment of the scheme, there was a growing concern among our
industrialists that graduates of our Institutions of higher learning lacked adequate
practical background studies preparatory for employment in Industries. Thus, the
employers believed the theoretical education going on in higher institutions was not
responsive to the needs of the employers of labor. It is against this background that the
rationale for initiating and designing the scheme by the Industrial Training Fund (ITF)
during its formative years – 1973/74 was introduced to acquaint students with the skills
of handling employers’ equipment and machinery. The ITF solely funded the scheme
during its formative years. But as the financial involvement became unbearable to the
Fund, it withdrew from the Scheme in 1978. The Federal Government handed over the
scheme in 1979 to both the National Universities Commission (NUC) and the National
Board for Technical Education (NBTE). Later the Federal Government in November
1984 revert the management and implementation of the SIWES Programmed to ITF and
it was effectively taken over by the Industrial Training Fund in July 1985 with the
funding being solely borne by the Federal Government (SA'AD, 2018).

1.2 Introduction on what SIWES is all about

The Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is a skills training

program designed to expose and prepare students of Universities and other tertiary
institutions for the industrial Work situation they are likely to meet after graduation.
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1.3 Organizational Structure of the Organization

Managing Director

Computer Engineer System Analyst

Networking System Engineer

Engineer
Computer Operator

Instructors Instructors

Trainee Trainee Instructors Secretary

Trainee Trainee Sales Girl

1.4 Functions of the major sectors of the institution
Managing Director: This is the person who oversees the institution and has all order in
his hand i.e. he direct dictate on what to do and what to be carried out and schedule the
activities for every month in the institution. But in case he travels or in his absence the
computer engineer act in his absence.
Computer Engineer: Besides the M D the computer engineer carries out the major role
in the institution, repair and maintains all electronic component in the institution.
System Analyst: He take cares of all activities and work of computer operator by
monitoring it, give some imagination and creative ideas couple with his institution
method and he is very much familiar with the institutional system prior with his ability to
work methodologically with staffs and students.
Networking Engineer: Are major working in the field (outside the institution) and at
time or season when they are not in field, they act as instructors to the training.
System Engineer: The system engineer major repair system and other outside jobs
brought to the institution and also act as an instructor to those in training.
Computer Operator: Computer operator handle and control the entire computer
available in the institution. He communicates with the operating system and tries to keep
the computer installation in good state. He works with the system analyst when having
problem with the application packages and quickly inform the system engineer incase
when the system malfunction.
Instructors: Train different student on how to use the computer and at time can work as
computer operator in absence of the computer operator.
Secretary: Take care of the files and materials that belong to the institution although
some time she assists the sales girl in case when she is not available in the office.
3

CHAPTER TWO

Product or service of the institution (i.e. Ade VICTORY College)

2.1 Setting-up the computer system

System known as computer (PC) The system consist of monitor CPU (central processing
unit), keyboard, speaker, mouse, etc. these entire devices are attached together to become
one.
The CPU is the heart of the computer that the entire jobs are kept and also consist of
some peripheral like motherboard, power pack, demons, processor, cooling fan CMOS
battery, etc. The monitor, keyboard, mouse and speaker are connected at the back of the
system and the system will be connected to the socket (i.e. extension bus) where about
220-230 volt will be supplied to the system. The monitor will display what is install in
the system for the user to enable him/her to have access to do what he/she wishes to do.

2.2 Installation of the motherboard

The motherboard is the heart of the computer system with some sets of input and output
comer plate that matches the port on the mainboard. After mounting the board then
connect the case switch and insulator LED to the Jumper Pi switch and LED connector
header.
4

2.2.1 Installation of memory

The mainboard has memory bank for system memory module, which are DIMMS and
one can install the memory on either bank/socket so that it can provide share memory to
the on-board VGA display circuit the edge connector on the memory module can only be
installed in the correct position.

2.3 Installation of the floppy, hard disk and cd rom.

2.4 FLOPPY DRIVE: Install the floppy drive and connect the power from the system
power supply using the cable provided (1DE cable) to connect the drive to the floppy
drive header (FDH).

2.4.1 Installation of hard disk drive

After the connection of the hard disk drive correctly to the casing find hard disk drive
correctly step to the casing find to the motherboard. The following step are taking

 STEP1: Press delete to enter set-up from set-up point to advance com set-up the
disk for booting sequence and set your booting option as follow CD Rom drive,
Hard disk driven floppy drive,
 STEP2: After click for booting option set the option you want to save and exit set
option on f10 after that the system will restart and it will boot from CD ROM
(ATAPI)
 STEP3: After when it was entered for (MS-DOS) Microsoft disk operating system
a prompt menu. It will now enter the A: D user will now disk type this now enter
portioning after the type of disk it will move to F disk option menu.

Create primary Dos partition or logical Dos drive

Set acuter Dos partition
Delete Dos partition
Display Dos partition
Display Dos partition information
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2.4.2 How to format hard disk drive (HDD)

A: D Format space c for full format OR

A: D Format space format c full format
A: D Format space c
A: D Format space c:/s OR
A: d format space c:/s/q tor quick format

2.4.3 Hard drive and CD ROM drive

Connect the two devices to a single IDE cable and make the hard disk to be the master
and CD-ROM to bathe slave (i.e. by set the jumper) and connect power from the power
supply.

(i.e. power pack) using the Molex power connector and connect the device to the main
board using IDE cable and it should be connected to the 1DE channel connector that is on
the motherboard and on the CD ROM drive and Hard disk drive, then connect the audio
to the onboard system After the connection of the entire component then check the main
board thoroughly to ensure that nothing fall on the motherboard. During installation and
then cover whole thing with the casing then screw it.

Before screwing firstly connects the floppy onboard and when you are connecting the
cable ensures that it is in red to red.

2.4.4 Troubleshooting on a faulty system

Any system that does not com-up at all and want to troubleshoot a system to com-up we
need to follow some steps of checking the system component very well by check the
CMOS battery to know whether it is good. We can remove the CMOS battery and test it
in another system.

Check the processor if it is still okay by follow the same procedure of CMOS battery.
Check the power pack if the power is supply to it by using testing meter. Clear/disable
CMOS battery by set the jumper to 2-3 or 1-2 (chasing the jumper) by remove the
DIMMS and clean it with brush and place it back to the DIMMS bank. Check the cooling
fan by follow same procedure of the cable may be its fixed well. From there we will be
able to know what is really wrong if the system com-up and it did not complete the post,
that means the set-up is not in order.
6

As an engineer we need to restart the system by press ALT + CTRL + DEL Key on the
keyboard and ensure that before the system entered window we need to press DEL key so
that the system will enter set-up utility and check the CMOS set-up and auto delete
device.

Tools or equipment use in Ade Victory College

These tools must be right and reliable so as to guarantee and facilitate effective repair.

 Screw driver (small medium size and flat blade screw driver)
 Tester
 Needle nose pliers (short and long nose)
 Brush
 Small vacuum cleaner
 Lead wire
 Small hammer
 Torch light
 Wire cutter
 Scissors
 Utility knife
 Paper pencil for note

2.4.5 Window operating system

The operating system is a suit of program written to control the performance of the
system to ensure smooth running. Common operating system is

 MS DOS
 UNIX
 LINUX
 WINDOW NT
 OS/2
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2.4.6 Version of window

 Window 3.1
 Window 3.11
 window 95
 Window 97
 Window 98
 Window 2000 professional
 Window me (millennium)
 Window NT
 Window XP
 Window Vista
 Window Seven

2.4.7 Booting process

Booting process is the first process that take place where by a computer software and
hardware organized themselves work together after when the computer is Switch ON.
There are two types of the booting process in the computer system.

2.4.8 Types of booting

 Cold booting
 Warm booting

Cold Booting: This process takes place immediately when the computer system is switch
on.

Warm Booting: This process takes place when the user restarts the computer system or
when the computer is hangs and press ALT + CTRL + DEL
Or ALT + F4 +R or press restart button on the system
8

CHAPTER THREE

3.1 The computer system

What is computer? Computer is an electronics device (machine) that accept data through
the input device (e.g. mouse, keyboard etc.) process data with the aid of processor and
give out meaningful information in a desired form.

 Input: These are raw data or fact that are relatively meaningless.
 Process: This is where the input data are being processed by the computer system
and give out the result as output.
 Output: These are data and information generated by the computer system.
 Computer system: Computer system comprises hardware and software.

The sample of a computer desktop computer system

 Hardware: These are the physical component, device or equipment and

associated peripheral devices, this include: monitor (VDU), central processing unit
(CPU), mouse, keyboard, printer, scanner, etc.
 Software: These are set of program or packages and other instruction routine that
direct computer processing. These include: Windows, MS offices, CorelDraw.
PageMaker etc.
9

3.2 Functional component of computer

The computer system consists of five major functional units namely, the input unit,
control unit, logic and arithmetic unit and memory unit, output unit. The control unit,
arithmetic and logic unit and the memory are called the central processing unit (CPU)
while the Input and Output devices are called the Peripheral devices.

3.2.1 Function of each unit

The input unit- This is one of the communication interfaces between the user and the
computer. This can accept and transfer data from user to computer e.g. Keyboard, Mouse,
Scanner, Camera, Diskette, CD Rom/DVD etc.

3.2.2 The keyboard: This is device that looks like table with different keys, it allows
the user to put in your information into the computer sets, it also allow user to perform
different kind of computer function, it is important, it is in the third position of a
computer sets.

3.2.3 The keys on the keyboard are

 The function keys

 The typing keys
 The computer keys
 The Dedicated Cursor keys
 The Numeric keys
 The control keys

3.2.4 Uses of keyboard

 To type and input data into computer

 To perform special function and task
 To position and move cursor in and around the computer
 To calculate Mathematical works

3.2.5 The mouse

10

Mouse is an important input unit device that has two buttons on the top (i.e.) the right and
left button and the scroll ball. And for controls pointer arrow on the screen (monitor).

3.2.6 There are types of Mouse

Cable mouse
Wireless or Optical mouse this mouse can be used in the following.
 To point to an item
 To click on an item by both button
 To drag an items or object by left button
 To select, highlight group of items by use to button
 Is use to move/scroll down or up left of right the pages of program.

3.3 Shortcut keys and commands for general computing and window exploration
and PC maintenance

There are many shortcuts that can be used to make common task in Microsoft windows
even easier. Windows not keys are all intended to provide some sort of convenient
alternative common tasks and whether specific combinations do so is up to the
individuals to decide. There are dozens of other common windows shortcuts.
General shortcuts
 CTRL+ A to select all
 CTRL+ C to Copy
 CTRL +V to paste
 CTRL +Z to Undo
 CTRL+ X to Cut
 F2 key to (rename the selected item)
 F3 key search for a file or folder
 F4 key to Display the address bar list in the computer or windows explorer
 F5 key to update the active window
 F6 key to Circle through the screen elements in a window or on the desktop
 F10 key to active the menu bar in the active program
 DEL key to delete

 SHIFT+DEL Key to delete the selected item permanently without placing the
item in the recycle bin
11

 CTRL While Dragging an Item to Copy the selected item

 CTRL +SHIFT WHILE DRAGGING AN ITEM to create a shortcut to the
selected item
 CTRL +RIGHT ARROW to move the insertion point to the beginning of the
next word
 CTRL+LEFT ARROW to move the insertion point to the beginning of the
previous word
 CTRL+ ARROW to move the insertion point to the beginning of the next
paragraph
 CTRL UP ARROW to move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous
paragraph
 CTRL SHIFT WITH ANY OF THE ARROW KEY'S To highlight a black of
text
 SHIFT WITH ANY OF THE ARROW KEYS To select more than one item in
a window or on the Desktop, or select text in a document
 ALT+ TAB to Switch between the open items
 ALT+ F4 to Close the active item, or quit the active program
 ALT+ ESC to Cycle through items in the order that had been opened
 SHIFT + SPACEBAR to Display the system menu for the active window
 CTRL+SEC to Display the start menu
 ALT + UNDERLINE LETTER IN A MENU NAME to Display the
Corresponding Menu
 ESC to Cancel the Current Task
 BACKSPACE To view the Folder one level Up ln my Computer or Window
explorer
 SHIFT WHEN YOU INSERT A CD ROM INTO CD ROM DRIVE to Prevent
the CD Rom from Automatically Playing
 WINDOW LOGO to Display or hide the start menu
 WINDOW LOGO BREAK to Display the system properties dialog box
 WINDOWS LOGO +D to Display the Desktop
 WINDOWS LOGO + M to minimize all the Windows
 WINDOW LOGO +SHIFT M to restore the maximized windows

 WINDOW LOGO + E to open my computer

 WINDOW LOGO F to search for a file or folder
12

 CTRL + WINDOWS LOGO F to search for a file or folder

 WINDOW LOGO + F1 to display window help
 WINDOW LOGO + L to lock the keyboard
 WINDOW LOGO + R to open the run dialog box
 WINDOW LOGO + U to open utility manager
 CTRL+ B Open the organization favourite dialog box
 CTRL + E Open the search bar
 CTRL + F Start the utility
 CTRL + H Open the history bar
 CTRL + I open the favourites bar
 CTRL + L Open the open dialog box
 CTRL + N Start another instance of the browser with the same web address
 CTRL + O Open the open dialog box, same as CTRL +L
 CTRL+ P Open the print dial box
 CTRL + R updates the current web page
 CTRL+ W close the current window

3.3.1 Maintenance repair

Maintenance

Maintenance refer to a treatment given to a system so as to maintain it working status.

3.3.2 Types of maintenance

 Preventive maintenance
 Corrective maintenance

Preventive maintenance: This is the treatment given to a system before it breakdown or

it is a periodic statement given to a system so as to keep the system in a normal working
condition. It involves the followings
 Cleaning of the mouse with spirit
 Blowing of the system unit and dusting of the keyboard, component and other
peripheral devices to remove the accumulated dust
 Deleting of an unused file on the hard disk drive in order to create more space

Corrective maintenance: This is the type of treatment given to a system after break
down in order to maintain its normal status basically repair.
13

3.3.3 Network architecture

Network architecture: Describes how a computer network is configured and the kind of
strategies that are used.
A computer network is a communication system connecting two or more computer that
are working together for the purpose of exchange of information and share resources.
Communication channels can be connected in different arrangement, or network suite
different user.

3.3.4 Network terms

Node: a node is any device that is connected to a network. It could be a computer printer
or data storage device.
Client A client is a node that request and uses resources available from other nodes.
Typically, a client is a user microcomputer
Server: A server is node that shares resources with other node. Printer server,
communication server or database server
Network operating system (Nos): Network operating system control and coordinate the
activities between computers on a network. These activities include electronic
communication and the sharing of information and resources.
Distributed processing: In distributed processing system, computing Power is located and
shared at different location.
Host computer: A host computer is a large centralized computer, usually a mini computer
or mainframe

3.4 Configuration of network

 Star Network
 Bus Network
 Ring Network
 Hierarchical Network
 Terminal Network

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1 Types of computer

14

There are three types of computer which are

1. Analog computer
2. Digital computer
3. Hybrid computer

Analog: This is a computer which represent data by variable physical quantities (i.e.
continuous quantities) such as voltage. Analog computers are used for scientific and
engineering purposes.

Digital: From the word "digit" pertaining to the use of digital (usually zero and one) to
represent data and information. Thus, a digital computer is one that operates or data
represented as numbers.

Hybrid: Hybrid computer is the combination of Analog computer and Digital computer.

4.2 Classes of computer

There are three categories of computer, they are

1. Mainframe Computer
2. Mini Computer
3. Micro Computer

Mainframe Computer: These are large high capacity computer that serve as the focal
point of a computer processing system and capable of handling multiple simultaneous
functions.

Mini computer: This is the computer that have capability of processing data in a form
which is intermediate between micro and mainframe computer.

Micro computer: A micro computer is a small compact computer system which process
capabilities resident in a micro processor.

4.3 Different types of micro computer

15

Normally personal computer is placed on table desk hence they are referred to as desktop
personal computer still other types are available under the categories of personal
computer. They are

 Laptop computers: These are small size types that their battery could be carried
about like box when close after use and can be operated in vehicle while in trip.

 Notebook computer: This is like laptop computer but smaller though small, it
comprises all the components of a full system.

 Palmtop computer: This is far small in size. All the components are complete as
any of the above but made smaller so that it can be held on the palm.

4.3.1 System engineering: This is a profession of field that deal with repair and
maintenance of a system.

System engineering can be classified into two, which are

 Hardware
 Software

Hardware: These are computer component that can be seen physically with our eyes,
torch, feel, remove and replace if damage

4.3.2 The internal and external hard ware components

 System fan
 FLOPPY disk drive (FDD)
16

 Heat sink
 Power supply
 Hard disk drive (HDD)
 Main /Motherboard
 Optical drive
 Processor (CPU)
 RAM Moduels

4.4 Power pack: This is a system device that supply current to the motherboard and
all other devices on the system. It's also help to convert from A.C to D.C.

4.4.1 Types of power pack

 AT Power pack
 ATX Power pack
 ST Power pack

4.4.2 Identification of power pack

Power pack AT - (Advanced technology); This power pack can be identified with the
help of 12 pins or holes of its power connector.

ATX Power pack- (Advanced technology extension): This power pack can be identified
with 20 holes of its power connector.

ST Power pack (Special technology): This is the power pack that its power connector
has pins or holes that is below or above 20.

4.4.3 External devices of a powerpack

 Molex Power Connector

 Mini Power Connector
 Sata Power Connector

Molex power connectors: This are connected to the back of hard disk drive, CD Rom
drive, ZIP drive and Tape drive for current transmission.

Mini power connector: This is connected to floppy disk only, it does not share it power
connector with any other devices also for current transmission.
17

Sata power connector: (Serial Advanced technology attachment), it carries out same
function as Molex Power Connector (i.e. it is used to connect hard disk drive, floppy disk
drive, ZIP drive, CD Rom drive and Tape drive also for current transmission.

The quantity of voltage which a power pack is expected to supply to the system is in-
between 220volt and 250volt in Nigeria.

4.4.4 Component of computer

 Internal Component
 Extremal Component

4.5 Examples of component are Motherboard. e.g

 AT (Advanced technology)
 ATX (Advanced technology extension)
 ST (Special technology)

Advanced technology (AT) Motherboard: This can be identified through the aid of its
power connector with twelve (12) pins and it is mainly found on level one system.

Advanced technology extension (ATX) Motherboard: This can be identified with the
aid of twelve holes of its power connector.

Special technology (ST) Motherboard: This can be identified with either below 20
holes or above twenty holes of its power connector (i.e. any motherboard that its power
connector is below twenty holes or above twenty holes is refer to as (ST)

AT 12 pins
ATX 20 holes
ST either below twerty holes or above twenty holes.

4.6 Component of the motherboard

18

 Power Connector
 Capacitor
 Transistor
 Resistor
 Diode
 Chipset
 Crystals
 Bios (AMI, Award and Phoenix)
 CMOS (Battery and house)
 Condenser
 Cooling fan
 Heat Zink
 Fan Connector
 Audio Connector
 Jumper and Jumper cap
 Dip switch
 Onboard speaker
 IDE channel (1DE 1 and IDE 2)
 Floppy channel

4.7 Card slot: These are slots that are used for placing card which help in replacing an
absence or damage port on the system. Examples are listed below:

 P C I card (peripheral component interface)

 A G P card (accelerated graphic port)
 V G A card (video graphic adapter)
 D V I card (digital video interface)
 A M R card (audio module riser)
 C N R card (communication networking riser)
 L A N card (local area network)
 I S A card (industrial standard architecture)
 V E S A Card (video enhanced standard architecture)

CHAPTER FIVE
19

Relevance of the company to my discipline

This company helps me to experience some aspect much in hardware part of computer
system. Also, it helps me in repairing and maintenance of the computer system, step to
take when troubleshooting, how to format hard disk, how to detect fault in the system,
how to partition on hard disk and how to install software into the system.

5.1 Summary and conclusions.

The whole experience gained during the attachment at ADE VICTORY COLLEGE was
very enlightening. The practical skills we were exposed to and the opportunity to relate
with typical situations relating to computer engineering industry. These experiences have
successfully broadened my understanding and interest in Electrical and Electronics
Engineering as a profession especially in the field of Control and Automation
engineering.
The training was worthwhile, has it accorded me the privilege of gaining insight into job
preparation as well as what it meant to carry out proper inspection and also working
condition under stress which in a way prepares undergraduates for the outside world after
school.
The program gave me the privilege to relate with senior professionals and other students
from different institutions and this experience made me appreciate the nature, benefits,
and intricacies of my chosen field of study both in the classroom and in the society at
large while also gives me the opportunity to put into practice the theoretical knowledge
acquired throughout my stay in school. The program has given me the rare privilege of
gaining practical knowledge and widened my knowledge about the application of
Electrical and electronics engineering in the world.

5.2 Problems faced during SIWES program

Some of the problems experienced during the SIWES program. These are as stated
below.
1. Limited orientation before starting the program.
2. There is also difficulty in getting a placement since placement letter was not issued
on time.
3. The workload is too broad to the extent that engineers were unable to explain the
importance of work done on particular equipment to me as well as how it relates to
the theoretical knowledge gathered.

5.3 Recommendations
20

I want to express my sincere gratitude to the management and entire staff of Federal
Polytechnic Ilaro, for their recommendation on the student industrial work experience
scheme (SIWES), It helps a lot to be able to practicalized in our various field of
discipline.

Moreso gives us an insight on what we should be expecting in the future therefore

making us diligent in our various field for these purposes I hereby advise my colleague.

Also based on the experience and knowledge acquired at the course of the SIWES
training, I hereby give the following recommendation based on my observations.

1. Proper orientation should be given to the students by the polytechnic before they
go on SIWES at least before mid-semester break of first semester.
2. The placement letter should be given to students early enough so as to avoid
attachment in irrelevant organization.
3. I recommend that substantial percent of the National budget should go into the
development, improvement and sustenance of the power sector. Doing this would
help improve Electricity production and in turn improve development and
industrialization and subsequently, the income the country generates.
4. Student should avoid prioritizing money over work and experience and should
develop a good attitude, good work ethics and be a good ambassador of the
polytechnic they are representing.
5. Institution and ITF should ensure that students are attached at relevant
establishment for effective training, experience and exposure related to their
course of study in the polytechnic.

REFERENCES
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configuration-of-networks

Setting-up-the-computer-system.(2021, September 22). Retrieved from

https://www.tek.com/blog/installation-of-the-motherboard

Jason, M. (2018, March). Retrieved from 28: https://www.jasonmolding.com/hard-drive-

and-cd-rom-derive

Jordan T. (2021, November 10). troubleshooting-on-a-faulty-system Retrieved from

https://itstillworks.com/troubleshooting-on-a-faulty-system-5891755.html

Jiguparimar. (2012, April 10). Retrieved from http://electrical-engineering

portal.com/versions-of-windows

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