Rev.

Date Compiled by Review Approval

调节保安系统说明书
Instruction For Governing And Protection System

Document No (WCF)D150J-000301ASM

PROJECT 赞比亚马安巴 2×150MW 燃煤电站项目

300 MW(2×150MW) Coal Fired Power Plant at Maamba, Zambia

赞比亚马安巴煤矿公司
OWNER Maamba Collieries Limited

OWNER’s TATA 咨询工程有限公司

ENGINEER TATA CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED

山东电力基本建设总公司
EPC SEPCO ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION
CONTRACTOR
CORPORATION

山东电力工程咨询院
CONTRACTOR’s SHANDONG ELECTRIC POWER ENGINEERING
ENGINEER CONSULTING INSTITUTE CORP., LTD
 DOC NO. (WCF)D150J-000301ASM

DESIGN <**设计签字**> <**设计签字日期**>

CHECK <**校对签字**> <**校对签字日期**>

VERIFICATION <**审核签字**> <**审核签字日期**>

STD ENGINEER <**标准化签字**> <**标准化签字日期**>

REVIEW <**审批签字**> <**审批签字日期**>

APPROVE <**批准签字**> <**批准签字日期**>

调节保安系统说明书
Instruction For Governing And Protection System (WCF)D150J-000301ASM

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调节保安系统说明书
Instruction For Governing And Protection System (WCF)D150J-000301ASM

目 录

Contents
序号 章-节 名 称 页数 备注
NO. Chapter-Section Title Page Remarks
前言
1
Preface 1

概述
2 0-1
Overview 3

低压保安系统
3 0-2 4
LP Protection System
部套说明
4 0-3 8
Description about Components
高压抗燃油系统
5 0-4 2
HP Fire-Resistant Oil System
现场安装调整
6 0-5 2
Field Installation and Setting
试验及其他
7 0-6 4
Tests & Others
喷油试验和提升转速试验
8 0-7 6
Oil Injection Test and Speedup Test
甩负荷试验
9 0-8 12
Load Rejection Test
抗燃油
10 0-9 4
Fire-Resistant Oil

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Instruction For Governing And Protection System (WCF)D150J-000301ASM

前 言

Preface
汽轮机调节保安系统可分为：低压保安系统，高、低压接口装置，高压抗燃油系统及
汽轮机安全监视保护系统。本说明书着重对低压保安系统及部套，高、低压接口装置,现
场安装调整及试验、高压抗燃油系统等进行说明，其中有关供油装置的说明 详见工程提
供的《供油装置说明书》。

The control & protection system of steam turbine can be divided into LP protection system,
HP/LP interface device, HP fire-resistant oil system and turbine safety monitoring protection
system. This instruction highlights the descriptions about protection system as well as
components, HP/LP interface device, HP fire-resistant oil system, and field installation &
shakedown tests, etc. About hydraulic power unit, please refer to specification for hydraulic
power unit.
在现场液压控制系统安装及调试前,必须认真阅读本说明书。如有不明之处,请参阅

相关图纸和说明书,或向制造厂咨询。

Read this instruction carefully and refer to related drawings and instructional manuals or
consult the manufacturer for any queries prior to installation and debug of hydraulic control
system on site.

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调节保安系统说明书
Instruction For Governing And Protection System (WCF)D150J-000301ASM

0-1 概述
0-1 Overview
调节保安系统是高压抗燃油数字电液控制系统（DEH）的执行机构，它接受 DEH 发
出的指令，完成挂闸、驱动阀门及遮断机组等任务。本机组的调节保安系统满足下列
基本要求:
The control & protection system is an actuating mechanism of HP fire-resistant oil
Digital Electro-Hydraulic Control System (DEH), which accepts orders from DEH and
accomplishes tasks such as latching-on turbine, actuating valves, and trip the unit, etc.
The control & protection system of this unit shall satisfy basic the system requirements as
below:
1 挂闸
1 Able to set latching-on
2 适应高、中压缸联合启动的要求
2 Adapt to HP or IP cylinder in the requirements of the joint launch
3 适应中压缸启动的要求
3 Adapt to IP cylinder lauch.
4 具有超速限制功能
4 Having overspeed limit function
5 需要时，能够快速、可靠地遮断汽轮机进汽
5 Capable of rapidly and reliably intercepting turbine feed steam, when necessary
6 适应阀门活动试验的要求
6 Adjustable for valve movement test
7 具有超速保护功能
7 Provided with overspeed protection function
7.1 机械式超速保护：动作转速为额定转速的 110%～111%(3300～3330r/min)，此时
危急遮断器的飞环击出，打击危急遮断装置的撑钩，使撑钩脱扣，机械遮断机构使
遮断隔离阀组的机械遮断阀动作，将高压保安油的排油口打开，泄掉高压保安油。
快速关闭各主汽、调节阀门，遮断机组进汽。
7.1. Mechanical overspeed protection: When speed is up to 110% ～ 111% of the rated
speed (3300～3330r/min), the fly ring of emergency governor will strike the stay hook of
emergency trip device to trip the hook, so that mechanical trip valve of trip & isolated
group valve is actuated to open HP safety oil the outlet and to discharge the HP safety oil.
Close all the main steam stop valves and governing valves quickly, to break steam
admission into the unit.

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Instruction For Governing And Protection System (WCF)D150J-000301ASM
7.2 电 气 超 速 保 护 和 TSI 超 速 保 护 ： 当 其 检 测 到 机 组 转 速 达 到 额 定 转 速 的
110%(3300r/min)时，发出电气停机信号，使高压遮断模块电磁阀和机械停机电磁
铁动作，泄掉高压保安油，遮断机组进汽。
7.2 Electrical overspeed protection and TSI overspeed protection: When it is detected
that the unit speed is up to 110% of the rated speed (3300r/min), an electrical shutdown
signal is sent out to enable the solenoid valve and the mechanical shutdown
electromagnet in the HP trip module, to discharge the HP safety oil and to trip steam
admission into the unit.

8 调节保安系统介绍
8 control and protection system introduction
8.1 汽轮机调速系统
8.1 Steam turbine speed control system

汽轮机调速系统是由测速元件（或测功元件）、放大元件、执行元件及调节对
象（汽轮机转子）四部分组成的带负反馈的自动调节系统。不论是单机运行还是并
网运行，它都能根据转速（或功率）自动调整汽门开度以适应外界负荷的变化，请
参见工程提供的调节保安系统图。
Steam turbine speed control system is a device (or dynamometer components),
amplification components, the implementation and regulation of object components
(turbine rotor) with a four-part system of automatic adjustment of negative feedback.
Whether to run or stand-alone and network operation, it can be based on speed (or
power) automatically adjust the steam valve to adapt to changes in load, hydraulic adjust
the security system diagram (WCF)D150J-002001A.

该系统是通过测速元件（或测功元件）获得电气信号，通过 DEH 与给定信号作

比较，若两信号不一样，DEH 对其进行计算、校验等综合处理，并将其差值信号经
功率放大后，送到调节阀油动机电液伺服阀，通过电液伺服阀控制油缸下腔的进、
排油量，从而控制阀门的开度，同时与油动机活塞相连有 LVDT，系统将指令和
LVDT 反馈信号综合处理后使调节阀油动机电液伺服阀回到平衡位置，使阀门停留
在指定的位置上。
The system through the velocity components (or the dynamometer components) to
obtain electrical signals, through the DEH compared with the given signal, if not the same
as the two signals, DEH its calculation, validation, and comprehensive treatment, and the
difference signal The power amplifier, to the control valve hydraulic actuator servo valve,
servo valve control cylinder through the chamber into the next, behind oil, to control the
valve opening, while the piston is connected with the oil motive has LVDT, system
command and comprehensive treatment LVDT feedback signal to control valve hydraulic
actuator servo valve back to the equilibrium position of the valve remain in the designated
position.

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Instruction For Governing And Protection System (WCF)D150J-000301ASM

在现场液压控制系统安装及调试前,必须认真阅读本说明书。如有不明之处,请参阅相关
图纸和说明书,或向制造厂咨询。

Read this instruction carefully and refer to related drawings and instructional manuals or
consult the manufacturer for any queries prior to installation and debug of hydraulic control
system on site.

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 调节保安系统说明书
Instruction For Governing And Protection System (WCF)D150J-000301ASM

0-2 低压保安系统

0-2 LP Protection System

低压保安系统由危急遮断器、危急遮断装置、遮断隔离阀组、机械遮断机构、手动停

机机构、复位试验阀组、机械停机电磁铁和导油环等组成,见图 0-2-1

LP protection system consists of emergency governor, emergency trip device, trip & isolated
group valve, mechanical trip mechanism, manual trip device, reset & test valve block,
mechanical trip solenoid, and oil guide ring. See Figure 0-2-1.
透平油经复位试验阀组(1YV)进入危急遮断装置活塞腔室，接受复位试验阀组(1YV)
的控制；透平油经复位试验阀组(2YV)，从导油环进入危急遮断器腔室, 接受复位试验
阀组(2YV)的控制。手动停机机构、机械停机电磁铁、遮断隔离阀组、通过机械遮断机构与
危急遮断装置相连，高压保安油通过遮断隔离阀组与油源无压排油管相连。
Turbine oil enters the piston chamber of emergency trip device through reset & test group
valve (1YV) to accept reset and test signals. Turbine pressure oil goes into the cavity chamber
via oil guide ring through reset & test group valve (2YV), to accept 2YV control signals.
Manual trip mechanism, mechanical trip solenoid, and trip & isolated group valve are
connected with emergency trip device through mechanical trip mechanism, and HP trip oil is
linked to non-pressurized oil drainpipe of hydraulic power unit through trip & isolated group
valve.
系统主要完成如下功能:

The system is mainly to realized the functions as follows:

1 挂闸

1 Latching-on
系 统 设 置 的 复 位 试 验 阀 组 中 的 复 位 电 磁 阀 (1YV) ， 机 械 遮 断 机 构 的 行 程 开 关
ZS1 、ZS2 供挂闸用。挂闸程序如下:按下挂闸按钮(设在 DEH 操作盘上), 复位试验阀组中
的复位电磁阀(1YV)带电动作,将透平油引入危急遮断装置活塞侧腔室，活塞上行到上止
点，使危急遮断装置的撑钩复位，通过危急遮断装置连杆的杠杆将遮断隔离阀组件的机
械遮断阀复位，将高压安全油的排油口封住，建立高压安全油。当高压压力开关组件中
的三取二压力开关检测到高压安全油已建立后，向 DEH 发出信号，使复位电磁阀(1YV)
失电，危急遮断器装置活塞回到下止点，DEH 检测到行程开关 ZS1 的常开触点由断开—
闭合—断开、ZS2 的常开触点由断开--闭合，DEH 判断挂闸程序完成。当行程开关 ZS1 触
点状态不正常时,必须查找出原因(如检查行程开关 ZS1 有无脱线和复位电磁阀(1YV)阀
芯有无卡涩等)。
The reset solenoid valve (1YV) of reset & test valve block and the travel switches ZS1 &
ZS2 of mechanical trip mechanism provided in the system are used for turbine latch. The

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latching procedure is as follows: Press down the “Reset” pushbutton (set on the DEH panel),

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Instruction For Governing And Protection System (WCF)D150J-000301ASM

for the reset solenoid valve (1YV) of reset & test group valve to be energize and actuate;
Introduce the turbine oil into the piston side chamber of emergency trip device, for the
piston to move to the upper center, so that the stay hook of emergency trip device is reset;
Reset the mechanical trip valve of trip & isolated valve with the link lever of mechanical trip
mechanism; Seal the oil drain outlet of the HP trip oil to set up the HP trip oil. The “2-out-of 3”
pressure switches of the pressure switch assembly will send the signal to DEH when it is
detected that the HP protection oil has been created, to de-energize the reset solenoid valve
(1YV), and the piston of emergency drip device will move back to the lower center. The
normally open contacts of DEH sensing travel switch ZS1 is still closed, while of ZS2 is still
opened. Now, DEH judgment of latching process is completed.
2 遮断

2 Trip
从可靠性角度考虑,低压保安系统设置有电气、机械及手动三种冗余的遮断手段。
For reliability, LP protection system is provided with three kinds of redundant tripping
measures, i.e. electrical, mechanical and manual.
2.1 电气停机

2.1 Electrical trip

实现该功能由机械停机电磁铁和高压遮断模块来完成。本系统设置的电气遮断本身
就是冗余的，一旦接受电气停机信号，同时使机械停机电磁铁、高压遮断模块带电。机械
停机电磁铁带电动作，通过机械遮断机构的杠杆使危急遮断装置的撑钩脱扣，机械遮断
机构使遮断隔离阀组的机械遮断阀动作，将高压保安油的排油口打开，泄掉高压保安油 。
快速关闭各主汽、调节阀门，遮断机组进汽。而高压遮断模块带电，直接泄掉高压保安油
单独快速关闭各阀门。若危急遮断装置的撑钩脱扣，即使高压遮断模块带电拒动，系统
仍能遮断所有调门、主汽门，以确保机组安全。另外各种电气停机信号也同时送到各阀油
动机的遮断电磁阀，使其带电，直接泄掉各油动机的安全油，快速关闭各阀门。

This function shall be achieved through mechanical trip solenoid and HP trip module. The
electrical trip set in this system is a redundant one itself. Once shutdown signal is received, it
will energize and actuate mechanical trip solenoid, while de-energize HP trip module at the
same time. The stay hook of emergency trip device will be tripped through the link lever of
mechanical trip mechanism which will enable the mechanical trip valve of trip & isolated valve
block to open the oil drain outlet for the HP protection oil and to drain it. All the main steam

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stop valves and governing valves will be quickly closed and the steam admission will be
intercepted; whereas when HP trip module is de-energized, the HP protection oil will be
directly discharged, and all the valves will close quickly and separately. If the stay hook of
emergency trip device is tripped, the system is still able trip all the governing valves and main
stop valves, to ensure the unit safety, even if the HP trip module is disabled. In addition,
various electrical trip signals will also be sent to trip solenoids of different valve actuators and
have them powered on to directly discharge the trip oil of respective actuators and quickly
close all the valves.
2.2 机械超速保护

2.2 Mechanical overspeed protection

由危急遮断器、危急遮断装置、遮断隔离阀组和机械遮断机构组成。动作转速为额定
转速的 110～111%(3300～3330r/min)。当转速达到危急遮断器设定值时,危急遮断器的
飞环击出,打击危急遮断装置的撑钩,使撑钩脱扣,通过机械遮断机构使遮断隔离阀组的
机械遮断阀动作，泄掉高压保安油,快速关闭各进汽阀,遮断机组进汽。

The mechanical overspeed protection consists of emergency governor, emergency trip

device, trip & isolated group valve, and mechanical trip mechanism. Its motion speed is 110%
～ 111% of the rated speed (3300 ～ 3330r/min). When speed reaches the set value of
emergency governor, the fly ring of emergency governor will strike the stay hook of
emergency trip device, to have it tripped. The mechanical trip valve of trip & isolated group
valve is actuated through mechanical trip mechanism, so as to drain HP trip oil and quickly
close all feed steam valves, to intercept steam admission of the unit.
2.3 手动停机

2.3 Manual trip

系统在机头设有手动停机机构供紧急停机用。手拉手动停机机构按钮，通过机械遮断

机构使危急遮断装置的撑钩脱扣,泄掉高压保安油,快速关闭各进汽阀,遮断机组进汽。

A manual trip mechanism is provided at the turbine head for emergency shutdown.
Manually pull the handle of manual trip mechanism, to trip the stay hook of emergency trip
device through mechanical trip mechanism, so as to drain HP trip oil. Close quickly all the
feed steam valves, to intercept steam admission of the unit.
2.4 系统设置了复位试验阀组,供危急遮断器作喷油试验及提升转速试验用。

2.4 The system is provided with reset & test valve, used for oil injection test and speedup test
of emergency governor.
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 0-3 部套说明

0-3 Description about Components

1 危急遮断器

1 Emergency governor
1.1 危急遮断器是重要的超速保护装置之一

1.1 Emergency governor is one of the important over speed protection devices.
当汽轮机的转速达到 110%～111%(3300～3330r/min)额定转速时。危急遮断器的飞环
在离心力的作用下迅速击出，打击危急遮断装置的撑钩,使撑钩脱扣。通过机械遮断机构
使遮断隔离阀组的机械遮断阀动作，泄掉高压保安油，从而使主汽阀、调节阀迅速关闭。
为提高可靠性，防止危急遮断器的飞环卡涩，运行时借助遮断隔离阀组、复位试验阀组,
可完成喷油试验及提升转速试验。调整危急遮断器的飞环弹簧的预紧力可改变动作转速。
When turbine speed reaches 110%～111% of the rated speed (3300～3330r/min), the fly ring
of emergency governor quickly strikes the stay hook of emergency trip device under the action
of centrifugal force, and trips it. The mechanical trip valve of trip & isolated group valve is
actuated through mechanical trip mechanism to the drain HP safety oil, so as to quickly close
the main steam stoop valves and governing valves. In order to improve the reliability and
prevent the fly ring of emergency governor from jamming, trip & isolated valve block and reset
& test valve block are utilized during operation, to fulfill the oil injection test and speedup test.
By adjusting pretightening force of fly ring spring of emergency governor, the motion speed
can be changed.
2 复位试验阀组

2 Reset & Test valve block

2.1 复位试验阀组的作用

2.1 Functions of the group valve

2.1.1 在掉闸状态下,根据运行人员指令使复位试验阀组的复位电磁阀 1YV 带电动作, 将

透平油引入危急遮断装置活塞侧腔室，活塞上行到上止点，通过机械遮断机构的连杆使

危急遮断装置的撑钩复位。

2.1.1 Under the tripped status, the reset solenoid valve 1YV of reset & test valve block is
energized and actuated according to operators’ order, to introduced the turbine oil into the side
piston chamber of emergency trip governor device. The piston will move upward to the upper
center and the stay hook of emergency governor device will be reset through the link lever of
mechanical trip mechanism.

2.1.2 在飞环喷油试验情况下,使喷油电磁阀 2YV 带电动作, 将透平油从导油环注入危急

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遮断器腔室,危急遮断器飞环被压出。
2.1.2 In the case of oil injection test for fly ring, oil injection solenoid valve 2YV is
energized and actuated, to fill the turbine pressure oil into the cavity chamber of emergency
governor through oil guide ring, and the fly ring of governor is forced off.
3 遮断隔离阀组

3 Trip & Isolated Valve Block

3.1 遮断隔离阀组的作用

3.1 Functions of trip & isolated group valve

3.1.1 在提升转速试验下,遮断隔离阀组的机械遮断阀处在关断状态, 将高压保安油的排
油截断，待其上设置的行程开关 ZS4 的常开触点断开、ZS5 的常开触点闭合并对外发讯，
DEH 检测到该信号后，将转速提升到动作值，危急遮断器飞环被击出，打击危急遮断装
置的撑钩,使危急遮断装置撑钩脱扣,通过机械遮断机构使遮断隔离阀组的机械遮断阀动
作，泄掉高压保安油,快速关闭各进汽阀,遮断机组进汽。
3.1.1. In a speedup test, the mechanical trip valve of trip and isolation valve block is in a
closed state to intercept the drainage of HP safety oil. When the normally open contact of
travel switch ZS4 on the valve is closed, while the normally open contact of ZS5 is opened
and give out a signal, DEH, after receiving such signal, will raise the speed to the motion
value. The fly ring of emergency governor will strike the stay hook on the emergency governor
device and trip it. The mechanical trip valve will be actuated through mechanical trip
mechanism, to discharge the HP safety oil and to quickly close all the steam inlet valves. The
steam admission into the unit will be intercepted.
3.1.2 在飞环喷油试验情况下, 先使遮断隔离阀组的隔离阀 4YV 带电动作,高压保安油的
排油被隔离阀截断，待其上设置的行程开关 ZS4 的常开触点闭合、ZS5 的常开触点断开并
对外发讯，DEH 检测到该信号后，将复位试验阀组的喷油电磁阀(2YV) 带电动作，透平
油从导油环进入危急遮断器腔室,危急遮断器飞环被击出，打击危急遮断装置的撑钩,使
危急遮断装置撑钩脱扣,通过机械遮断机构使遮断隔离阀组的机械遮断阀动作。由于高压
保安油的排油已被截断，机组在飞环喷油试验情况下不会被遮断。此时系统的遮断保护
由高压遮断模块及各阀油动机的遮断电磁阀来保证。
3.1.2 During the oil injection test for fly ring, the isolated valve 4YV of trip & isolated valve
block is to be first enabled to intercept the drainage of HP safety oil. After the normally open
contact of travel switch ZS4 set on the valve is closed while the normally open contact of the
travel switch ZS5 is opened and has given out the signal which is detected by DEH, the DEH
will enable the oil injection solenoid valve (2YV) of reset & test valve block, to introduce the
turbine pressure oil into the cavity chamber of emergency governor through oil guide ring. The
fly ring of emergency governor will strike and trip the stay hook of emergency trip device. The
mechanical trip valve of trip & isolated valve block is then activated through mechanical trip

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mechanism. As the drainage of HP safety oil is already intercepted, the unit will not be tripped
under the condition of fly ring oil injection test. Now the trip protection of the system is ensured
by the HP trip module and trip solenoid valves of different actuators.
4 手动停机机构

4 Manual trip mechanism

手动停机机构为机组提供紧急状态下人为遮断机组的手段。运行人员在机组紧急状
态下，手拉手动停机机构，通过机械遮断机构的连杆使危急遮断装置的撑钩脱扣。并导
致遮断隔离阀组的机械遮断阀动作，泄掉高压保安油,快速关闭各进汽阀,遮断机组进汽。
Manual shutdown mechanism is provided as an artificial way to intercept the unit at
emergency. Under an emergency condition of the unit, operators may manually pull the
manual shutdown mechanism, to trip the stay hook of the emergency governor through link
lever and to actuate the mechanical trip valves of trip & isolated valve block, so as to
discharge the HP safety oil and rapidly close all the steam inlet valves, breaking the unit from
steam admission.
5 机械遮断机构

5 Mechanical trip mechanism

机械遮断机构由连杆系及行程开关 ZS1、ZS2、ZS3、ZS4、ZS5 组成。通过它将手动停机

机构、危急遮断装置、机械停机电磁铁、遮断隔离阀组相互连接，并完成上数部套之间力

及位移的可靠传递。行程开关 ZS1、ZS2 指示危急遮断装置是否复位，行程开关 ZS3 在手

动停机机构或机械停机电磁铁动作时，向 DEH 送出信号，使高压遮断模块同时失电，遮

断汽轮机。行程开关 ZS4、ZS5 指示遮断隔离阀组隔离阀的位置。

The mechanical trip mechanism is composed of link lever system as well as travel
switches of ZS1, ZS2, ZS3, ZS4, and ZS5, whereby the manual shutdown mechanism,
emergency governor device, mechanical trip solenoid, and trip & isolated valve block are
connected with one another, to fulfill a reliable transmission of force and displacement
between the above-mentioned components. Travel switches ZS1 and ZS2 give instructions to
emergency governor device as to if reset or not. Travel switch ZS3, when manual shutdown
mechanism or mechanical trip solenoid are enabled, gives signal to DEH, so that the HP trip
module is powered off at the same time and the turbine is tripped. Travel switches ZS4 and
ZS5 give instructions for positions of isolated valves with trip & isolated valve block.
6 机械停机电磁铁

6 Mechanical trip solenoid

机械停机电磁铁为机组提供紧急状态下遮断机组的手段。各种停机电气信号送到机械停

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机电磁铁上使其动作，带动机械遮断机构的连杆使危急遮断装置的撑钩脱扣。并导致遮
断隔离阀组的机械遮断阀动作，泄掉高压保安油,快速关闭各进汽阀,遮断机组进汽。
The mechanical trip solenoid provides a way for unit trip at emergency. After receiving various
electrical shutdown signals, the mechanical trip solenoid is actuated to drive the link lever of
mechanical trip mechanism and trip the stay hook of the emergency trip governor device, so
as to enable the mechanical trip valve of trip & isolated valve block, to drain HP safety oil and
to quickly close all steam inlet valves, intercepting steam admission into the unit.
7 油动机

7. Valve actuator
7.1 油动机的作用

7.1 Functions of valve actuator

它是系统的执行机构，受 DEH 控制完成阀门的开启和关闭。
It is the actuating mechanism for the system, used to open and close valves under DEH
control.
7.2 油动机的组成和工作原理

7.2 Composition and working principle of valve actuator

本机组设有四个高压调节阀油动机、两个高压主汽阀油动机、两个中压主汽阀油动

机、两个中压调节阀油动机。所有油动机均为单侧进油，以保证在失去动力源的情况下油

动机能够关闭。油动机由油缸、位移传感器和一个控制块相连而成。在控制块上，高压调

节阀油动机装有伺服阀、隔离阀、切断阀、卸载阀、遮断电磁阀和单向阀及测压接头等，

而高压主汽阀油动机则装有遮断电磁阀、隔离阀、切断阀、卸载阀、试验电磁阀和单向阀

及测压接头等，下面就各油动机予以分别说明：

This unit is provided with 4 HP governing valve actuators, 2 HP main steam valve
actuators, 2 IP main steam valve actuators, and 2 IP governing valve actuators. All the valve
actuators are in a mechanism of oil feed from single side, to ensure that the valve actuators
can be disabled when power supply is lost. Valve actuator consists of oil cylinder,
displacement sensor and a control block connected with each other. On the control block, HP
governing valve servomotor and IP governing valve servomotor are equipped with servo
valve, isolating valve, trip valve, release valve, and check valve as well as pressure tap, etc.,
while the HP main stream valve servomotor and IP main steam valve servomotor are set with
trip solenoid valve, isolating valve, trip valve, release valve, test solenoid valve, and check
valve, as well as the pressure tap, etc. Each valve actuator will be described in detail as
follows:
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7.2.1 高压调节阀油动机、中压调节阀油动机

7.2.1 HP governing valve actuator, IP governing valve actuator

高压调节阀油动机、中压调节阀油动机的工作原理基本相同，均为连续控制式油动
机。
HP governing valve actuator and IP governing valve actuator have basically similar
working principle. Description about HP governing valve actuator is given below as an
example.
当遮断电磁阀失电时，遮断电磁阀排油口关闭，卸载阀上腔建立起高压安全油压，卸
载阀关闭。油动机工作准备就绪。
When trip solenoid valve is de-energized, the oil drainage outlet of the trip solenoid valve is
shut and the HP safety oil pressure is created in the upper chamber of on release valve which
shall be closed. Now the actuator is ready for use.
7.2.1.1 伺服阀接受 DEH 来的信号控制油缸活塞下的油量
7.2.1.1 The servo valve receives the signal from DEH and controls the oil mass under the
piston in control cylinder.
当需要开大阀门时，伺服阀将压力油引入活塞下部，则油压力克服弹簧力和蒸汽力
作用使阀门开大，LVDT 将其行程信号反馈至 DEH。当需要关小阀门时，伺服阀将活塞下
部接通排油，在弹簧力及蒸汽力的作用下，阀门关小，LVDT 将其行程信号反馈至 DEH。
当阀位开大或关小到需要的位置时，DEH 将其指令和 LVDT 反馈信号综合计算后使伺服阀
输入信号为零，阀门停留在指定位置上。伺服阀具有机械零位偏置，当伺服阀失去控制
电源时，能保证油动机关闭。
When it is necessary to open the valve wide, the servo valve will introduce the pressure
oil into the lower part of the piston, for oil pressure will to outweigh the effects of spring force
and steam force to widen more the valve, and the LVDT feedbacks its travel signal to DEH.
When it is needed to narrow the valve, the servo valve will connect with the lower piston for oil
drainage. With the action of spring and steam forces, the valve is narrowed, and the LVDT
feedbacks its travel signal to DEH. When valve is widened or narrowed to the required
position, DEH will have the servo valve return to the null position after an integrated
calculation of its orders and LVDT feedback signals, to trip its oil inlet or outlet, so that the
valve is stay at the appointed position. The servo valve has mechanical zero bias, and
therefore when servo valve loses control power supply it can ensure the close of oil actuator.
7.2.1.2 油动机备有卸载阀供遮断状况时，快速关闭油动机用

7.2.1.2 Actuator is provided with a release valve, which is used as an auxiliary measure for
fast valuing of actuator under tripping condition.
当安全油压泄掉时，卸载阀打开，将油动机活塞下腔室接通油动机活塞上腔室及排油
管，在弹簧力及蒸汽力的作用下快速关闭油动机,同时伺服阀将与活塞下腔室相连的排
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油口也打开接通排油，作为油动机快关的辅助手段.
When safety oil pressure is drained, release valve is opened, to connect the actuator
piston lower chamber with the actuator piston upper chamber and oil drainpipe, and quickly
close the valve actuator under the function of spring and steam forces. At the same time,
servo valve also opens the oil drain outlet connected with the piston lower chamber for oil
drainage, as a supplementary measure for fast closing of oil servomotor.
7.2.1.3 油动机备有切断阀供甩负荷或遮断状况时，快速切断油动机进油，避免系统油压

因油动机快关的瞬态耗油而下降。

7.2.1.3 All the actuator is been set with shutoff valve, which can shut off inlet oil immediately at
tripping condition or load rejection condition, avoiding oil pressure drop because of actuator
quick-shutoff .
7.2.2 高压主汽阀油动机、中压主汽阀油动机
7.2.2 HP main steam valve actuator and IP main steam valve actuator
高压主汽阀油动机、中压主汽阀油动机都采用开关控制式油动机，可控制阀门的全
开和全关。由限位开关指示阀门的全开、全关及试验位置。其工作原理基本相同。
Both HP main steam valve actuator and IP main steam valve actuator adopt the two-
position switch control mode to control the valve switches. The limit switch are used to give
instructions for the fully open and fully close as well as test positions with the working
principle. Now it is described by taking HP main steam valve actuator as an example as
below:
遮断电磁阀失电，安全油压建立，卸载阀关闭，油动机准备工作就绪。油动机在压
力油作用下使阀门打开。当安全油失压时，卸载阀在活塞下油压作用下打开，油动机活
塞下腔室与回油相通，阀门操纵座在弹簧紧力的作用下迅速关闭主汽阀。当阀门进行活
动试验时，试验电磁阀带电，将油动机活塞下的油压经节流调整阀与回油相通，阀门活
动试验速度由节流孔来控制，当单个阀门需作快关试验时，只需使遮断电磁阀带电，油
动机和阀门在操纵座弹簧紧力作用下迅速关闭。切断阀、卸载阀的功能与调节阀油动机相
同。
The trip solenoid valve is de-energized. The safety oil pressure is created. The release
valve is shut. The valve actuator is ready for us. The actuator opens the valve with the effect
of pressure oil. When safety oil loses its pressure, the release valve will open under the effect
of oil pressure upper the piston on HP main steam valve actuator, the upper chamber of valve
actuator will connect with the return oil, and the valve control seat will quickly close the HP
main steam valves; the release valve on the IP main steam valve actuator will open under the
effect of oil pressure lower the piston, the lower chamber of valve actuator will connect with
the return oil, and the valve control seat will quickly close the LP main steam valves. When
test on valve activity is performed, the test solenoid valve is energized, to connect the oil
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pressure upper the piston on HP main steam valve actuator (under the piston on IP main
steam valve actuator )with oil return through throttle governing valve. The speed of valve
activity test is controlled by chokes. When one individual valve needs to be tested for its fast
valving, only trip solenoid valve is to be energized, and the valve actuators and valves will
close quickly under effect of spring tightening force.
8 蓄能器

8 Accumulator
8.1 高压蓄能器

8.1 HP accumulator
高压蓄能器均为丁基橡胶皮囊式蓄能器，预充氮压力为 10.0MPa。高压蓄能器通过集
成块与系统相连，集成块包括隔离阀、排放阀以及压力表等，压力表指示的是油压而不
是气压。它用来补充系统瞬间增加的耗油及减小系统油压脉动.
HP accumulator is butyl rubber leather type of accumulator in 2 groups totally, with a pre-
charged nitrogen pressure of 10MPa. HP accumulator is connected with the system through
integrated package which consists of isolating valve, blow-down valve, and pressure gauge,
etc. What the pressure gauge indicates is the oil pressure instead of air pressure, used to
make up the oil consumption instantaneously increased in the system and to reduce the
system oil pressure pulsation.
8.2 低压蓄能器

8.2 LP accumulator
低压蓄能器均为氟橡胶皮囊式蓄能器，预充氮压力 0.2MPa。要求安装在尽可能靠近
旋转隔板油动机的地方。在遮断状况发生时，低压蓄能器用来吸收系统瞬间增加的排油，
防止排油背压过高，集成块上的压力表仅仅指示油压.

The system is set with 2 groups of LP accumulators, and each is composed of 2 butyl
rubber leather type of accumulators, to be installed as near as possible to the LP governing
valve actuator and HP main steam valve actuator. When trip occurs, LP accumulator is used
to absorb the drained oil instantaneously increased and to avoid a too high drain
backpressure. Nitrogen pressure is 0.2MPa. The pressure gauge on the integrated package
indicates oil pressure only.
9 遮断、超速、压力开关组件
9 HP trip , overspeed and pressure switch module
遮断、超速、压力开关组件由高压遮断模块、超速限制集成块、高压压力开关组件集成
而成。
HP trip , overspeed and pressure switch module is consisted of HP trip module, overspeed
limit block and HP pressure switch.
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9.1 高压遮断模块主要由四个电磁阀、二个压力开关(PS4、PS5)、两只节流孔、高压压力开
关组件及一个集成块组成，其中压力开关 PS4、PS5 动作作为遮断电磁阀活动试验的判断
依据，其整定值分别为 9.6MPa 和 4.8MPa。正常情况下，四只电磁阀全部带电，这将建立
起高压安全油压，条件是遮断隔离阀组的机械遮断阀已关闭；各油动机卸荷阀处于关闭
状态。当需要遮断汽机时，四只电磁阀全部失电，泄掉高压安全油，快关各阀门；进行
在线试验时，可使四个遮断电磁阀其中一个失电，压力开关 PS4、PS5 会发生动作以显示
在线试验成功.
9.1 HP trip module mainly consists of 6 solenoid valves, 2 pressure switches(PS4,PS5), 6
unloading valves, 2 orifices and 1 manifold composition, as well as an integrated package.
Under normal conditions, the 4 HP solenoid valves are energized, two speed limit
electromagnetic valve loss of electricity, which will establish a high-pressure hydraulic safety,
on condition that interdiction interdiction valve mechanical isolation valve is closed; the oil
unloading valve motivation is turned off. When you need to Trip turbine, the four high-pressure
solenoid valve power loss Trip, two speed limit electromagnetic valve electric, drain the oil out
of safety, quick closing of the valve.
9.2 超速限制集成块

9.2 Overspeed limit integrated package

超速限制集成块主要由二个电磁阀、两个卸荷阀及一个集成块组成。正常情况下，二
只电磁阀全部失电，这将建立起超速限制油压，条件是高压安全油已建立。使各调节阀
油动机卸荷阀处于关闭状态。当甩负荷、103%保护时，二只电磁阀全部带电，泄掉超速限
制油压，快关各调节阀门。
The overspeed limit integrated package is mainly composed of 2 solenoid valves, 2
release valve and an integrated package. Under normal condition, the 2 overspeed limit
solenoid valves are both de-energized, to build up the overspeed limit oil pressure, under the
condition when the HP safety oil has been created, and the release valves of all governing
valve actuators are in the closed status. When load rejection and 103% protection is required,
the 2 solenoid valves are both energized, to discharge the overspeed limit oil pressure and
quickly close all the governing valves.
9.3 高压压力开关组件

9.3 HP pressure switch assembly

高压压力开关组件由三个压力开关(PS1、PS2、PS3，整定值为 7.8MPa)及一些附件组
成。监视高压安全油压，其作用：当机组挂闸时，压力开关组件发出高压安全油建立与
否的信号给 DEH，作为 DEH 判断挂闸是否成功的一个条件。当高压安全油失去时，压力开
关组件发出高压安全油失去信号给 DEH，作为 DEH 判断是否跳闸的一个条件。
HP pressure switch assembly is composed of 3 pressure switches and some components,
to monitor HP protection oil pressure, and its functions are: During latching-on of the unit, the

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pressure switch assembly issues the signal as to if HP protection oil has been created or not
to DEH, as a condition for DEH to judge if latching-on is successful or not.

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 0-4 高压抗燃油系统
0-4 HP Fire-Resistant Oil System
高压抗燃油系统由液压伺服系统、高压抗燃油遮断系统和供油系统组成：

HP fire-resistant oil system is composed of hydraulic servo system, HP fire-resistant trip

system, and oil supply system:

1 液压伺服系统由阀门操纵座及油动机两部分组成，完成以下功能：

1. Hydraulic servo system consists of valve control seat and servomotors, to achieve the
following function:

1.1 控制阀门开度

1.1 Opening of control valve

系统设置有四个高压调节阀油动机，两个高压主汽阀油动机，两个中压主汽阀油动
机，两个中压调节阀油动机。其中高压调节阀、中压调节阀油动机由电液伺服阀实现连续
控制，高压主汽阀油动机、中压主汽阀油动机由电磁阀实现二位控制。

The system is set with 4 HP governing valve servomotors, 2 HP main steam stop valve
servomotors, 2 IP main steam stop valve servomotors, and 2 IP governing valve servomotors,
of which HP and IP governing valves servomotor achieve continuous control through hydraulic
servo valves; the HP main steam stop valve servomotor and IP main steam stop valve
servomotor realize two-position control through solenoid valves.

1.2 实现阀门快关

1.2 Achievement of fast-close valves

系统所有蒸汽阀门均设置了阀门操纵座，阀门的关闭由操纵座弹簧紧力来保证。

All the steam valves for the system have been set with valve control seats, and valves
shall be opened and closed through tightening force of control seats in a secured way.

机组正常工作时，各油动机集成块上安置的卸载阀阀芯，将负载压力、回油压力

和安全油压力分开。停机时，保护系统动作，高压安全油压被卸掉，卸载阀在油动机活

塞下油压作用下打开，油缸下腔通过卸载阀与油缸上腔相连，油动机活塞下油一部分油

回到油缸上腔，另一部分油通过单向阀回油源。各阀门在弹簧紧力作用下迅速关闭。

During normal unit operation, the release valve cores set on the integrated packages of
various servomotors will separate the loading pressure, return oil pressure and safety oil
pressure. During shutdown, the protection system is enabled, the HP safety oil pressure is

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 unloaded, and the release valves are opened under the effect of oil pressure under or
upper (HP main steam stop valve servomotor )the piston of valve actuators. The lower or
upper chamber of oil cylinder is connected with the upper or under chamber of oil cylinder
through release valve. Part of the oil under servomotor piston returns to the upper chamber of
oil cylinder and another part flows back to the hydraulic power unit through one-way valve.
The valves are closed quickly under function of the spring tightening force on the control seat.
2 高压抗燃油遮断系统

2 HP fire-resistant trip system

系统由能实现在线试验的高压遮断模块和遮断隔离阀组的机械遮断阀组成。当机组
挂闸后，危急遮断装置的撑钩复位；遮断隔离阀组的机械遮断阀复位；高压遮断模块上
的四个 AST 电磁阀带电，OPC 电磁阀失电；当各油动机上的遮断电磁阀均失电时，高压
安全油排油被截断，高压安全油建立。
The system is composed of HP trip module and mechanical trip valve of trip & isolating group
valve which can achieve online test. When unit is latched on, the stay hook of emergency trip
device is reset, the mechanical trip valve of trip & isolating group valve is reset, and the 4 AST
solenoid valves on the HP trip module are energized, OPC solenoid valves are all de-
energized. 3When trip solenoid valves on various servomotors are all de-energized, the drain
of HP safety oil will be intercepted and the HP safety oil shall be created.
3 供油系统

3 Oil feed system

供 油 系 统 为 调 节 保 安 系 统 各 执 行 机 构 提 供 符 合 要 求 的 高 压 工 作 油 （ 11 ～

14MPa）。

具体说明详见工程提供的《供油装置说明书》。
Oil feed system is to provide compliant HP service oil (11-14MPa) for various actuating
systems of the control and protection system. Please refer to 《instructions of power unit》.

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 0-5 现场安装调整
0-5 Field Installation and Setting
1 前箱外部及内部套的安装

1 Installation of internal and external components in front case

按各部套图纸及前箱油管路图进行复装。
Reinstall as per drawings for different components and front-case oil piping diagram.
2 操纵座和油动机的现场安装和调整

2 Field installation and setting of control seats and servomotors

操纵座和油动机的现场安装，请参见各油动机操纵座图纸及调节保安系统现场安装

说明。

Please refer to drawings of different servomotor control seats as well as instruction for
field installation of control and protection system for field installation of control seats and
servomotors.
操纵座和油动机和阀门接配完后，安装相应的行程开关盒及位移传感器，并保证所
有的运动部件动作自如，无卡涩现象。
Install corresponding travel switch boxes and displacement sensors after control seats,
servomotors and valves are installed and adapted, and ensure that all the motion parts
can act freely, without jamming.
3 限位开关的整定

3 Setting of limit switches

限位开关整定的过程如下：

The setting procedure for limit switches is as follows:

3.1 阀门处于全关状态，调整全关位限位开关的摆臂，使其与轴的中心线垂直。

3.2 移动撞块使限位开关的触点转换，将撞块上的紧定螺钉拧紧。

3.3 调整全开位限位开关的摆臂，使其与轴的中心线垂直。

3.4 全开油动机使限位开关的触点转换，将撞块上的紧定螺钉拧紧。

3.5 将油动机开启、关闭一次检查各限位开关动作的准确性。

3.6 在每个撞块上钻销孔，打入销子并冲牢。

3.7 当机组热状态稳定后，限位开关的位置可能需要稍作改动，这时只需根据实际情
况改变限位开关摆臂的角度即可。
3.1 Valves are all in the fully closed status. Set the swinging arm of fully closed limit switch, so
that it is vertical to centerline of axis.
3.2 Move the ram block to change the contact of limit switches, and screw down the tightening
screws on the ram block.
3.3 Set the swing arm of the fully opened limit switch, so that it is vertical to centerline of the
axis.
3.4 Fully open the servomotor to change the contact of limit switch, and screw down the
tightening screws on the ram block.
3.5 Enable and disable the servomotor once to check the accuracy for action of various limit
switches.
3.6 Drill pinholes for each ram block, and knock in pins and punch firm.
3.7 When hot status of unit is stabilized, position of limit switch may be changed slightly, only
by changing the angle of swinging arm with limit switch as per actual situation.

SHEET 2 OF 2
 0-6 试验及其他
0-6 Tests and Others

1 静止试验

1 Static test
1.1 阀门快关试验

1.1 Fast valving test

测定油动机自身动作时间,要求所有油动机从全开到全关的快关时间常数< 0.15s。
Determine the self action time for actuator, and it is required that the fast shut time
constant of CV actuator and MSV actuator from fully opened to fully closed is <0.15s, and
required that the fast shut time constant of rotating barrier actuator from fully opened to fully
closed is <0.3s.
1.2 打闸试验

1.2 Trip test

1.2.1 各阀门处于全开状态,手拉机头手动停机机构,所有油动机应迅速关闭。

1.2.1 All valves are in the fully opened status. Manually pull the manual trip device, and all
the actuator shall shut down quickly.
1.2.2 重新挂闸,全开各阀门,手打集控室停机按钮,所有油动机应迅速关闭。

1.2.2 Latch on again to fully open all valves. Manually press the shutdown pushbutton in the
centralized control room, and all the actuator shall rapidly shut down.
1.2.3 重新挂闸,全开各阀门,汽机保护（ETS）给 DEH 送一停机信号,所有油动机应迅速
关闭。
1.2.3 Latch on again to fully open all the valves. Turbine protection system (ETS) will give
DEH a shutdown signal, and all the actuator shall quickly shut down.
1.3 其余静止试验项目如阀门活动试验、高压遮断模块活动试验、危急遮断器喷油试验
等均参照 DEH 说明书。
1.3 Refer to DEH Instruction for rest static tests such as valve action test, HP trip module
action test, overspeed limit integrated package action test, and emergency governor oil
injection test, etc.
2 机组定速后试验

2 Test after unit constant speed

当机组所有静止试验项目及其准备工作全部完成后,就可冲转机组(参照 DEH 说明书)。
在机组定速 3000r/min 时至少需作下列试验项目：
Unit shall be charged (refer to DEH Instruction) after all the static tests and their

SHEET 1 OF 4
 preparatory tasks have been fulfilled. The following tests shall be performed at least when
the unit is at its constant speed of 3000r/min:
2.1 检查调节系统各部套是否动作正常。

2.1 Check if all the components of the control system are operating normally or not.
2.2 检查系统有无泄漏。

2.2 Check if the system has leakage or not.

2.3 做打闸试验(分别完成下述打闸试验)

a) 机头手拉机头手动停机机构;

b) 集控室停机按钮;

c) 汽机保护（ETS）停机.
2.3 Trip test (The following trip tests should be respectively performed.):
a) Manually pull the manual trip mechanism at turbine head;
b) Shutdown pushbutton in the centralized control room;
c) Turbine emergency trip system (ETS)
2.4 做电气各项试验

2.4 Electrical tests

2.5 汽门严密性试验

2.5 Valve tightness test

2.5.1 机组定速 3000r/min,关闭四只主汽门,经过一段时间后,其转速应低于(P/P0 ×

1000)r/min。

其中:P─实际进汽压力 Po─额定蒸汽压力

2.5.1 At unit constant speed of 3000r/min, close down the 4 main steam stop valves. Their
speed should be lower than (P/P0 X 1000) r/min after a certain while.

Where: P – Measured steam inlet pressure P0 – Rated steam pressure

2.5.2 转速满足要求后,打闸停机,重新挂闸,升速,定速 3000r/min,关闭所有调节汽门,

其转速经过一段时间后应低于(P/P0 ×1000)r/min。

2.5.2 After the required rotational speed is achieved, shut down the unit and restart it. Speed
up and hold at the constant speed of 3000r/min. Then close down all the governing valves.
Their speed should be lower than (P/P0 X 1000) r/min after a certain while.

SHEET 1 OF 4
3 喷油试验及提升转速试验。

3 Oil injection and speedup tests (See 0-7 of this instruction)

4 甩负荷试验(见本说明书 0-8 节)。

4 Load rejection test (See 0-8 of this instruction)

5 其他

5 Others

5.1 正常运行调节系统试验;

a) 每天进行一次阀门活动试验;

b) 每周进行一次高压遮断模块试验;

c) 每周进行一次高压抗燃油主泵切换试验;

d) 每半年做一次危急遮断器喷油试验;

以上各个试验的时间间隔可调整。

5.1 Test on normal operation of control system

a) Valve action test once a day;

b) HP trip module test once a week;

c) HP fire-resistant oil main pump switch test once a week;

d) Emergency governor oil injection test once every 6 months;

e) Setting of LP lube trip governor and LP condenser vacuum governor once a year.

The intervals for above tests are adjustable.

5.2 定期对操纵座各关节轴承进行润滑(加二硫化钼)。

5.2 Lubricate bearings for all joints of the control seat periodically (Molykote).

5.3 透平油在进入调节系统前,其清洁度要求必须达到 NAS9 级

5.3 The cleanliness of turbine oil should reach NAS9 grade before it is entered into the
control system.

5.3 抗燃油在进入调节系统前,其清洁度要求必须达到 NAS5 级。

5.4 The cleanliness of fire-resistant oil shall reach NAS5 grade before it is entered into the

control system.

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5.5 机组检修时，检查各操纵座上所有导向衬套，当其内表面露出金属铜本色面积达
60％时，则须更换；机组每次大修都应更换所有导向衬套.
5.5 During unit overhaul, check all the guide bushings on various control seats, and they must
be replaced when the area of the local color of metallic copper appearing on their surface
reaches 60%; All the guide bushings shall be replaced for each general overhaul.

SHEET 3 OF 4
 0－7 喷油试验和提升转速试验
0-7 Oil Injection Test and Speedup Test

本系统配置了复位试验阀组供喷油试验和提升转速试验用。

This system is configured with reset test group valve for tests on oil injection and rotation
speedup.

1 喷油试验

1 Oil injection test

喷油压出试验是在机组正常运行时及做提升转速试验前，将透平油注入危急遮断器

飞环腔室，依靠油的离心力将飞环压出的试验，其目的是活动飞环，以防飞环可能出现

的卡涩。在不停机的情况下，通过给遮断隔离阀组的隔离控制阀带电来截断高压保安油

的排油。以避免飞环压出引起的停机。此时高压遮断模块处于警戒状态。

Oil injection test is performed during unit normal operation and prior to rotational speedup,
to inject the turbine oil into the fly ring cavity chamber of the emergency governor whereby to
extrude the fly ring by means of oil centrifugal force, with a view to enabling fly ring to avoid
the possible jamming with it. Under the condition when unit is not shut down, the HP
protection oil drainage is intercepted through energizing the isolating valve of the trip &
isolating group valve, to prevent any shutdown arising from extrusion of the fly ring. The HP
trip module is in alert status.

喷油试验程序：

Procedure for oil injection test:

当机组所有静止试验项目及其余准备工作全部完成后，就可冲转机组。在机组定速
3000r/min 时至少需作下列试验项目。

The unit can be charged when all the static tests and other preparatory tasks have been
fulfilled. The following tests shall be conducted at least when unit is held at the constant speed
of 3600r/min:

1.1 飞环喷油试验

1.1 Fly ring oil injection test

1.1.1 按下“飞环喷油试验”按钮

1.1.1 Press the “Fly Ring Oil Injection Test” pushbutton

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 将“试验钥匙”开关旋到“允许”位置。此时遮断隔离阀组的隔离控制阀 4YV 带电，
（见调节保安油路系统图）高压保安油的排油被截断，遮断隔离阀组上设置的行程开关
ZS4 的常开触点闭合、ZS5 的常开触点断开，并对外发讯，DEH 检测到该信号后，使复位
试验阀组的喷油电磁阀 2YV 带电，透平油被注入危急遮断器飞环腔室，危急遮断器飞环
被击出，打击危急遮断装置的撑钩,使危急遮断装置撑钩脱扣。当机械遮断机构上的行程
开关 ZS1 的常开触点断开、ZS2 的常开触点闭合时，DEH 使复位试验阀组的喷油电磁阀
2YV 失电、复位电磁阀 1YV 带电，使危急遮断装置的撑钩复位。在检测到机械遮断机构上
设置的行程开关 ZS1 的常开触点闭合、ZS2 的常开触点断开的信号后，遮断隔离阀组的隔
离控制阀 4YV 才能失电。将“试验钥匙”开关旋到“正常”位置。飞环喷油试验完毕。

Turn the “Test Key” switch to the “Test” position. Now the isolating valve 4YV of the trip &
isolating valve block is energized (See (WCF)D150J-002001A “Control & Protection Oil Line
System Drawing”). The oil drainage for HP safety oil is intercepted. The normally open contact
of travel switch ZS4 set on the trip & isolating valve block is closed and that of ZS5 is opened,
sending signal to outside. After receiving this signal, DEH powers on the oil injection solenoid
valve 2YV of the reset & test valve block, and the turbine pressure oil will be injected into the
cavity chamber of fly ring on emergency governor. Then the fly ring is extruded to strike the
stay hook on emergency trip device, and thus the stay hook is tripped. Emergency trip
electrical indicator will then send such signal to DEH which will in turn de-energize the oil
injection solenoid valve 2YV and energize the reset solenoid valve 1YV, to reset the stay hood
of emergency trip device. The isolating valve 4YV can be de-energized only after the signal
that the normally open contact of travel switch ZS1 is closed and that of ZS2 is opened. Turn
the “Test Key switch to the “Normal” position. The fly ring oil injection test is now completed.

2 提升转速试验说明

2 Speedup test
2.1 提升转速试验目的

2.1 Testing Purpose

检查危急遮断器动作转速为 3300～3330r/min，
To check that the rotational speed of emergency governor is 3300～3330r/min.
2.2 试验步骤

所有条件具备后，可进行提升转速试验。

2.2 Testing Steps

Rotational speedup test can be performed after all the conditions are available.
2.2.1 机械超速试验

2.2.1 Mechanical speedup test

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 将 ETS 超速保护线解除，将机控室 DEH 面板上超速试验钥匙开关旋到电气位，DEH
自动将电气保护值由原来的 3300 改为 3330r/min。
Relieve the ETS speedup guard wire and turn the speedup test key switch on DEH panel
in turbine control room to the electrical position, and DEH will automatically change the
electrical protection value from the original 3300 into 3330r/min.
2.2.1.1 按下“超速试验”按钮， DEH 检测到遮断隔离组上设置的行程开关 ZS4 的
常开触点断开、ZS5 的常开触点闭合时将 DEH 目标值设为 3330r/min。将 DEH 升速率设
置为 4～5r/min/s 使机组升速到危急遮断器动作，危急遮断器指示灯亮，各主汽阀、
调节阀迅速关闭。记录其动作转速，连续三次试验并合格。
2.2.1.1 Press the “Speedup Test” pushbutton, DEH will detect that the normally open
contact of travel switch ZS4 set on trip & isolating valve block is closed and that of ZS5 is
opened and set the target value as 3330r/min. Set the DEH speedup rate as 4~5r/min/s to
that the unit speeds up to enable the emergency govern. The indicator of emergency
governor will turn on and all the main stop valves and governing valves will close down
rapidly. Record its action speed. The test is to be performed for three times successively
until acceptable.
2.3 注意事项

2.3 Attentions
2.3.1 机组在进行提升转速试验之前，应在规定的新汽参数下，带 20％额定负荷连

续运行 3～4 小时，以满足制造厂对转子温度要求的规定。在带 20％额定负荷之前危

急遮断器应作飞环喷油试验。

2.3.1 Prior to speedup test, the unit shall run without interruption for 3~4 hours with a
20% of the rated load under the stipulated fresh steam parameters, to meet the
requirements of manufacturer for rotor temperature. The emergency governor should
have been tested for fly ring oil injection before the unit carries a 20% of the rated load.
2.3.2 提升转速试验之前，必须先作打闸停机试验，确认打闸停机系统实属良好。

2.3.2 Prior to speedup test, trip test should be conducted first, to ensure that the trip
system is really in good condition.
2.3.3 提升转速试验前应修改电气超速保护目标值为 3330 r/min。试验完后应注意恢

复。

2.3.3 During speedup test, set the TSI electrical overspeed protection. To 3330r/min,
After test, the TSI electrical overspeed protection shall be recovered manually.
2.3.4 试验过程中，轴承进油温度应保持在 40～45℃之间。

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2.3.4 During speedup test, bearing inlet oil temperature: 40~45℃
2.3.5 提升转速试验必须由经过培训的、熟悉本机操作人员进行操作，由熟悉本机
调速系统功能的工程师进行指挥和监护。要有一名运行人员站在打闸停机手柄旁边，
作好随时打闸停机的准备，集控室的停机按钮也要有专人负责操作，随时准备打闸
停机。
2.3.5 Speedup test shall be conducted by trained operators who are also familiar with this
system, and commanded and supervised by engineer who knows well the functions of
control system for this turbine. One operator shall stay beside the handle for latching-on
and shutdown, well prepared for the operation and special operator shall also be available
in centralized control room for necessary operation.
2.3.6 提升转速试验过程中，必须由专人严密监视机组的振动情况，并与指挥人保
持密切联系，若振动增大，未查明原因之前，不得继续作提升转速试验，振动异常
应立即打闸停机。
2.3.6 During speedup test, special operator shall be assigned to carefully monitor the unit
vibration status, and keep close contact with the commander. If vibration increases
without known reasons, the test shall not be continued, while shutdown is required
immediately is un-normal vibration is encountered.
2.3.7 提升试验前不得再作喷油试验。

2.3.7 No more oil injection test is allowed before speedup test.

2.3.8 每次提升转速在 3200 r/min 以上的高速区停留时间不得超过 1 min。

2.3.8 The length of stay each time in the high speed area should not exceed 1min after it
has sped up to more than 3200r/min.
2.3.9 当转速提升到 3330 r/min 危急遮断器仍不动作时，打闸停机，

在查明原因并采取正确处理措施之后，才能继续作提升转速试验。
2.3.9 If fly ring fails to work when it has quickened to 3330r/min. Should the fly ring still fail
to function, suspend the test until reasons have been found out and the correct measures
have been taken.

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 2.3.10 提升转速试验过程的转速监视，由与 TSI 电气超速保护数字转速表相当精度

的数字转速表显示，其它的数字转速表仅供参考。

2.3.10 Speed monitoring during the test shall base on the display of emergency trip
speed indicator supplied by DFSTW, while the readings of other indicators will only be
used as reference.
2.3.11 提升转速试验的全过程应控制在 30min 以内完成。

2.3.11 The entire test should be completed within 30 min.

2.4 禁止作提升转速试验的情况

2.4 Cases for speedup test forbidden

2.4.1 机组经长期运行后准备停机，其健康状况不明时，严禁作提升转速试验。

2.4.1 When unit is to shut down after long-term operation and its health condition is not
clear, speedup test is forbidden.
2.4.2 严禁在大修之前作提升转速试验。

2.4.2 Speedup test is strictly forbidden before unit overhaul

2.4.3 禁止在额定参数或接近额定参数下作提升转速试验。如一定要在高参数下作

提升转速试验时，应投入 DEH 的阀位限制功能。

2.4.3 Speedup test is not allowed under the rated parameters or those near the rated
parameters. DEH valve limit function shall be engaged if the test has to be made under
high parameters.
2.4.4 调节保安系统、调速汽门、主汽门或抽汽逆止门有卡涩现象。

2.4.4 Test is not allowed when control and protection system, speed governing valves,
main stop valves or steam extraction cutoff valves are jammed.
2.4.5 各调速汽门、主汽门或抽汽逆止门严密性不合格。

2.4.5 When the tightness of various speed governing valves, main stop valves or cutoff
valves is not acceptable.
2.4.6 轴承振动超过规定值或机组有其他异常情况。

2.4.6 When bearing vibration exceeds stipulated value or unit has other exceptional
occurrences.
2.5 应作提升转速试验的情况

2.5 Cases for speedup test required

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 2.5.1 汽轮机安装完毕，首次起动时；

2.5.1 When steam turbine has just installed for initial startup;
2.5.2 机组经过大修后，首次起动时；

2.5.2 When unit has been overhauled for initial startup;

2.5.3 危急遮断器解体复装以后；

2.5.3 When emergency governor has been reinstalled after disassembly;

2.5.4 在前箱内作过任何影响危急遮断器动作转速整定值的检修以后。

2.5.4 When front case has been overhauled which may affect the setting value for
operational speed of emergency governor;
2.5.5 停机一个月以上，再次启动时；

2.5.5 When unit is restarted after a shutdown for more than one month;
2.5.6 作甩负荷试验之前。

本说明所述绝非提升转速试验的全部规定，整个试验必须按照电力部有关提升转速

试验的规定执行；并严格按原制造厂的相关技术文件执行。

2.5.6 Before load rejection test.

Notes:
The description of this instruction is inclusive but not exclusive to all regulations for
rotational speedup test. The entire test is to be executed as per relevant stipulations on
speedup test by the Chinese Ministry of Electric Power, and performed strictly in
compliance with the related technical documents of the original manufacturer.

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 0-8 甩负荷试验
0-8 Load Rejection Test

1 甩负荷试验的目的

1 Testing Purpose
1.1 测定控制系统在机组突然甩负荷时的动态特性。它包括:

1.1 Determine the dynamic properties of control system when unit suddenly rejects load. It
includes:
1.1.1 甩负荷后的最高动态飞升值,该值应小于超速保护装置动作值。

1.1.1 Maximum dynamic rising value after load rejection, and this value should be smaller
than the operating value of overspeed protection device.
1.1.2 甩负荷后的转速过渡过程,该过程应是衰减的,其转速振荡数次后趋于稳定并在

3000r/min 左右空转运行。

1.1.2 Speed transitional process after load rejection, and this process should be weakening
and its speed will tend to be stabilized and the unit will run at about 3000r/min without
load.
1.2 测定控制系统中主要环节在甩负荷时的动态过程。

1.2 Determine the dynamic process of main links of the control system during load rejection.
1.3 检查主机和各配套设备对甩负荷的适应能力及相互动作的时间关系。为改善机组动
态品质,分析设备性能提供数据。
1.3 Check the adaptability of turbine and different components towards load rejection and
time relation of interaction, to provide data for improving unit dynamic quality and
analyzing equipment performance.
2 用户与制造厂双方必须明确的一些问题

2 Issues to be clarified by both users and manufacturer

2.1 甩负荷试验除考核机组甩负荷时控制系统性能外,也是对设备性能、制造、安装(检

修),运行质量的一次严峻考验,关系重大,用户必须认真对待。

2.1 Besides testing the performance of control system, this test is also an austere tryout of
equipment performance, fabrication, installation (overhaul), and operational quality, with
important significance. User shall take serious attitude.
2.2 试验前双方应对试验项目、试验条件、试验操作方法及步骤等各方的分工、责任等达

成书面协议，并编制甩负荷试验大纲和技术措施。

SHEET 1 OF 12
2.2 Both parties shall reach written agreement on work division and responsibility for each
side with regard to test project, test condition, test operational method and test steps,
etc., and prepare the scheme and technical measures for load rejection test.
2.3 双方协商在试验中采用的仪器、仪表的型号、规格、精度等级、检验方法、标定方法、安
装和拆除时间等,并达成协议。
2.3 Both parties shall discuss instruments adopted, models, specifications, precision grades
of instruments, testing methods, calibration methods, installation and dismantling time,
etc. for the test, and whereon reach agreement.
2.4 用户指定一人做总指挥统一指挥试验,并在万一发生观测精度、关键参数和操作方法

等方面有争议时组织各方进行讨论,寻求统一意见。

2.4 User shall appoint one person to direct the test in a unified manner as general
commander, and to organize discussions between different parties and seek opinions
agreed upon in case any arguments occur regarding observation accuracy, key
parameters, operational methods, and so on.
2.5 试验时有关各方的授权代表应出席,以确保试验按本说明和试验前所达成的协议试验

大纲和技术措施进行。

2.5 The authorized representatives of each party involved shall be present at the test, to
ensure that the test has been performed as per this instruction and the agreement on test
scheme and technical measures reached before the test.
2.6 试验后由双方共同提出统一的试验报告,报告应包括:

目的、结果、结论、认可和协议、测试仪器、试验方法、测量摘要、计算方法、校正系数
的应用、允许误差、试验结果、对结果的介绍、讨论及附录等部分组成。
2.6 Test report will be mutually worked out after test, and the report shall include:
Objective, outcome, conclusion, acceptance and agreement, test instruments, test
methods, measurement abstracts, calculation methods, application of calibration
coefficient, allowable errors, test results, description and discussion about results, as well
as appendices, and other parts.
2.7 试验需在主辅机及本系统所布置的测点,由双方共同提出并由用户施工。

2.7 Measuring points to be arranged in the turbine and auxiliary as well as this system for
test, shall be proposed by both parties, and constructed by the user.
2.8 试验中所需仪表、仪器、材料、能源及人工等费用均应由用户承担。

2.8 The user shall bear all the expenses for meters, instruments, materials, energy source
and so on required for the test
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2.9 试验中若因制造厂的制造质量问题而引起设备损坏则按制造厂"质量三包"条例进行

处理,其余均由用户负责。

2.9 Equipment damage during test arising from fabricating quality of manufacturer shall be
treated by the manufacturer in accordance with terms of guarantee for replacement,
refund and free repair of substandard products, and the rest shall all be undertaken by
the user. Test time shall be determined by both parties through discussion, normally not
to be later.
2.10 试验时间由双方商定,一般不应迟于机组投运后一年,对投运数年后的机组进行试验

双方另协商。

2.10 than one year after unit put into operation. Test on unit which has been run for several
years shall be discussed by both sides separately.
2.11 用户应制定对任何可能发生事故的处理措施。

2.11 User shall formulate measures for disposing possible accidents.

3 试验条件

3. Test conditions
3.1 必须具备:

3.1 Necessary:
3.1.1 具有强有力的领导指挥机构。

3.1.1 A strong leading and commanding body;

3.1.2 具有经主管部门审批的,各方共同制定的,完整的试验大纲。

3.1.2 Complete test scheme developed commonly by both parties and authorized by
superintending department;
3.1.3 应有各有关专业人员参加并设置可靠的通讯联络设施。

3.1.3 Professionals related and reliable communication facilities;

3.1.4 测试设备齐全、可靠、完好。

3.1.4 Complete, reliable and undamaged test devices;

3.1.5 运行、操作及工作人员应训练有素,岗位责任明确。

3.1.5 Well trained operators, implementers, and staff with clarified post specifications;
3.2 必须完成本说明书所规定的试验,它们主要有:

3.2 Must fulfill the testing tasks stipulated in this instruction, and they include:
3.2.1 阀门活动试验。

3.2.1 Valve operating test

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3.2.2 DEH、TSI、ETS 甩负荷前必须完成的检查，试验内容详见它们的说明书。

3.2.2 DEH, TSI, and ETS to be checked before load rejection, refer to their instruction
specifications for test details.
3.2.3 检 查 高 压 抗 燃 油 系 统 供 油 装 置 的 两 台 EH 主 泵 互 相 切 换 正 常 ， 油 压 13.5 ～

14.5MPa、油位正常、油温 35～54℃、高压蓄能器充氮压力 10MPa，低压蓄能器充氮压力

0.2MPa。

3.2.3 The 2 EHC pump normal switch, oil pressure 13.5~14.5MPa, oil level normal, oil
temperature 35~54℃, HP accumulator nitrogen charge pressure 10MPa, and LP accumulator
nitrogen charge pressure 0.2MPa to be checked for oil supply device of HP fire-resistant oil
system;
3.2.4 提升转速试验合格。

a)危急遮断器动作整定值符合要求。其值为 110%～111%额定转速;

b)电超速保护整定值符合要求。其值为 110%额定转速。
3.2.4 Rotational speedup test accepted
a) Setting value for action of emergency governor in compliance with requirement, its
value being 110%~111% of the rated speed;
b) Setting value for electrical overspeed protection in conformity to requirements, its
value being 110% of the rated speed.
3.2.5 各主汽阀、调节阀在掉闸时的总关闭时间测定完毕且符合要求。

3.2.5 Total closing time for all main stop valves and governing valves at trip determined, and in
accordance with requirements;
3.2.6 各主汽阀,调节阀严密性试验符合要求。

3.2.6 Tightness test for all main stop valves and governing valves compliant to requirements;
3.2.7 空负荷试验、带负荷试验、本系统及汽轮机主辅机运转正常,操作灵活正常。各主要

监视仪表指示正确,主辅机设备无缺陷。

3.2.7 Unload test, loaded test, performance of this system, mains and auxiliaries normal,
operation flexible and normal; indication of all major monitoring instruments correct, and mains
and auxiliaries free from defects;
3.3 调节、保安系统用油抗燃油、透平油油质完全符合要求。

3.3 Quality of fire-resistant oil and turbine oil used for control and protection system
acceptable;
3.4 汽轮机抽汽回热系统,蒸汽旁路系统等工作正常,保护联锁可靠。尤其是抽汽逆止门动作正常 。
3.4Work of turbine steam extraction regenerative system and steam bypass system, etc.
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normal, interlock reliable, especially motion of steam extraction cutoff valve proper;
3.5 控制系统工作正常。
3.5 Work of turbine steam extraction regenerative system and steam bypass system, etc.
normal, interlock reliable, especially motion of steam extraction cutoff valve proper;
3.6 汽轮机所有电气、热工保护试验合格。

3.6 Control system functioning properly;

3.7 现场手动遮断、远方遥控遮断装置灵活、可靠。

3.7 All turbine electrical and thermodynamical protection tests acceptable;

3.8 整台机组(包括机、炉、电及辅助设备)适应甩负荷试验要求。

3.8 Field manual trip and remote trip devices flexible and reliable;
3.9 机组旁路系统设备正常。

3.9 The entire unit (including turbine, boiler and electrical as well as auxiliaries) adaptable to
requirement for load rejection test;
3.10 临时加装的“甩负荷按钮”等启动装置（便于程序控制录波器、发电机主油开关、母

线开关等）准备就绪，试验合格。

3.10 Equipment for unit bypass system normal; Temporarily and additionally installed “Load
Rejection Pushbutton” and other startup devices (oscilloscope for program control, main oil
switch for generator, and switch for mother pipe, etc) ready for use, and test acceptable.
4 试验所需测定的项目（表 0-8-1）

序 符号 试验前后稳定值及 仅记试验前后 录
名 称
号 过程中的极值 稳定值 波
1 时间 t ∨
2 发电机油开关跳闸信号 ∨
3 发电机电功率 N ∨ ∨
4 转速 n ∨ ∨
5 高压调节阀油动机 CV1 行程 M11 ∨ ∨
6 高压调节阀油动机 CV2 行程 M12 ∨ ∨
7 高压调节阀油动机 CV3 行程 M11 ∨ ∨
8 高压调节阀油动机 CV4 行程 M12 ∨ ∨
9 抗燃油系统油压 PGH ∨ ∨
10 各段抽汽逆止门行程 h1_n ∨ ∨
11 高压主汽阀油动机行程 H11 ∨ ∨
12 中压主汽阀油动机行程 H21 ∨ ∨

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 13 中压调节阀油动机行程 M21 ∨ ∨
14 高压缸排汽逆止门行程 h10 ∨
15 主蒸汽压力(主汽阀前)(左) P01 ∨ ∨
16 主蒸汽压力(主汽阀前)(右) P02 ∨
17 主蒸汽温度(主汽阀前)(左) T01 ∨
18 主蒸汽温度(主汽阀前)(右) T02 ∨
19 调节级后压力(高压缸) PKP ∨ ∨
20 主蒸汽流量 G ∨ ∨
21 高压缸排汽温度 T10 ∨ ∨
22 凝汽器真空 PG ∨ ∨
23 调节油温(透平油) Tt ∨ ∨
24 调节油温(抗燃油) Th ∨
25 旁路系统阀门开度 HP ∨
26 轴向位移 ∨
27 胀差(高、低) ∨
28 各轴承振动 ∨
29 主油泵出口油压 ∨ ∨
4 Items to be determined for test
S/N Description Symbol Stable Value Record Oscillo-
before & after Test Stable Value scoped
and Extreme Value before & after
during Test Test Only
1 Time t √
2 Generator oil switch trip √
signal
3 Generator power N √ √
4 Rotational speed n √ √
5 HP governing valve M11 √ √
servomotor CV1 stroke
6 HP governing valve M12 √ √
servomotor CV2stroke
7 HP governing valve M13 √ √
servomotor CV3 stroke
8 HP governing valve M14 √ √
servomotor CV4 stroke

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9 Fire-resistant oil system PGH √ √
oil pressure
10 Steam extraction cutoff H1n- √ √
valve strokes at stages
11 HP main stop valve H11 √ √
servomotor stroke
12 IP main stop valve H21 √ √
servomotor stroke
13 IP governing valve LCV M21 √ √
servomotor stroke
14 HP casing steam H10 √
exhaust cutoff valve
stroke
15 Main steam pressure P01 √ √
(before main steam
valve) (left)
16 Main steam pressure P02 √
(before main steam
valve) (right)
17 Main steam temperature T01 √
(before main steam
valve) (left)
18 Main steam temperature T02 √
(before main steam
valve) (right)
19 Pressure after governing Pkp √ √
stage (HP casing)
20 Main steam flow G √ √
21 HP casing steam T10 √ √
exhaust temperature
22 Condenser vacuum PG √ √
23 Governing oil Tt √ √
temperature (Turbine oil)
24 Governing oil Tg √
temperature (Fire-
resistant oil)

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 25 Bypass system valve Hp √
opening
26 Axial displacement √
27 Differential expansion √
(High, Low)
28 Bearing vibration √
29 Main oil pump outlet oil √ √
pressure
5 试验用指示、记录仪器、仪表

5 Indications, recording instruments and meters for test

5.1 用于手抄观测记录的仪表

5.1 Meters used for manual transcription of observation records

机组正常运行时使用的压力表如果精度等级较低(如 1.5 或 2.5 级表),可用精度等级
高的(如 0.35～0.4 级)替换。原使用的指示标尺可用刻度较密,容易读数的刻度尺替换。
数字式转速表也可多配几只,最好配用带峰值记忆的数字式转速表。所有表计均应考虑其
动态响应时间应能适应甩负荷时参数迅速变化的要求。
If the precision grade is rather low (e.g. 1.5 or 2.5 grade meters) for pressure gauge used
during unit normal operation, they can be substituted with those of higher precision grade
(such as 0.35～0.4 grade). The measuring scales originally used can be replaced with dividing
rulers with rather dense scales and easy for readings. More digital speed indicators can be
prepared, better to use digital speed indicators with peak value memory. All the gauge
measurements should give consideration to the requirement that the dynamical response time
can adapt to the rapid change in parameters during load rejection.
5.2 录波用仪器仪表

5.2 Oscilloscoping meters and instruments

5.2.1 压力传感器：用于油压、蒸汽压力测量,将压力信号变换成电信号；

5.2.1 Pressure sensor, used to measure oil pressure and steam pressure, and to convert the
pressure signal into electrical signal;
5.2.2 位移传感器：将机械位移信号变换成电信号；

5.2.2 Displacement sensor, used to convert mechanical displacement signal into electrical
signal;
5.2.3 转速测量装置；

5.2.3 Speed measuring device

5.2.4 功率测量装置；

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5.2.4 Power measuring device
5.2.5 光线示波器。可采用 16 线以上的光线示波器。

5.2.5 Ray oscilloscope, light oscillograph for more than 16 rays preferred.
6 试验方法

6 Test method
由于该试验涉及机、炉、电全套设备及与之相配合的系统,因此试验时必须根据具体情
况制定详尽的试验措施,这里仅原则叙述。
As this test will involve turbine, boiler and electrical compete set of equipment as well as
their cooperating systems, detailed test measures shall be formulated as per specific
condtions during the test. Only principles will be described here.
6.1 试验方法（见表 0-8-2）有关汽机本体技术数据和运行要求等可参阅随机提供的主

机技术文件和图样及说明书。

调压系统切除，快关门关闭。试验方法见表 0-8-2。

6.1 Load rejection under purely condensing working condition

Refer to the following table for test method:
序 甩前负荷 主汽参数 甩负荷方式
号 MW Main Steam Load Rejection Mode
S/N before Parameters
Load
Rejection
用"甩负荷按钮〃使油开关跳闸,发电机脱网,进
50%额定 行转速过渡过程录波
1
负荷 额定值 Use “Load Rejection Pushbutton” to trip
50%Rated Rated value the oil switch and desynchronize the
burthen generator, for oscilloscope of speed
transitional process

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 用"甩负荷按钮〃使油开关跳闸,发电机脱网,进
行转速过渡过程录波
2 额定负荷
额定值 Use “Load Rejection Pushbutton” to trip
Rated
Rated value the oil switch and desynchronize the
burthen
generator, for oscilloscope of speed
transitional process
6.1.1 试验前

6.1.1.1 应对系统中用于防卡涩的活动试验装置进行操作,以防试验中发生拒动。

6.1.1.2 应对测试仪器、仪表进行检查、保证完好可靠。

6.1.1.3 应将防碍试验的一些联锁解除。

6.1.1.4 应调整运行工况,保证在额定的蒸汽参数,额定真空和规定的负荷点上运行。并

在稳定后全面记录转速、压力、位移(行程)等重要参数。

6.1.1.5 应保证指挥系统联络畅通。

6.1.1 Prior to test

6.1.1.1 Operate the operating test devices used for jamming resistance in the system, to avoid
the occurrence of motion rejection in the test.
6.1.1.2 Check the corresponding test instruments and meters, to ensure that they are
undamaged and reliable.
6.1.1.3 Remove some interlocks which will disturb test.
6.1.1.4 Adjust operation working conditions, to secure that they are operated on rated steam
parameters, rated vacuum, and stipulated loaded points, and keep a complete record
of the important parameters such as rotational speed, pressure, displacement (stroke)
and so on after stabilization.
6.1.1.5 Ensure a smooth communication of commanding system.
6.1.2 进行试验

6.1.2.1 由总指挥根据各分项负责人的汇报、下令甩负荷 。

6.1.2.2 在甩负荷前约 1 秒钟录波器必须起动。

6.1.2.3 应严密监视机组转速飞升情况,若转速达到 3360r/min 时，应立即打闸停机。

6.1.2.4 应严密监视机组各主汽阀,调节阀和抽汽逆止门动作情况,如有异常应立即采取

措施。

6.1.2.5 应严密监视机组轴承振动情况,以确保安全。

6.1.2.6 转速、压力、位移(行程)等重要参数应有记录值,必须记录试验过程中的最大(最
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小)值。
6.1.2 Test
6.1.2.1 General commander is to give order for load rejection based on reports of responsible
persons for different projects.
6.1.2.2 Enable oscilloscope about 1s before load rejection. Closely monitor the speed rising
status of the unit, and trip immediately when speed reaches 3360r/min.
6.1.2.3 Closely observe the operating status of all the main stop valves, governing valves and
cutoff valves of the unit, and take measures immediately once there is any exceptions.
6.1.2.4 Closely monitor the bearing vibrating status of the unit, to ensure safety.
6.1.2.5 Keep a record of the maximum and minimum values during test, as important
parameters like rotational speed, pressure and displacement (stroke), etc. should have
recorded values.
6.1.3 试验后

6.1.3.1 转速稳定后全面记录一次转速、压力、位移(行程)值。

6.1.3.2 对第一、二次试验,机组在额定转速,由总指挥决定机组何时并网。

6.1.3.3 试验结束后,必须恢复机组正常运行状态,恢复为试验而解除的各种联锁。

6.1.3.4 整理录波图及手抄记录,并及时撰写出试验报告。
6.1.3 After test
6.1.3.1 Take a complete record of speed, pressure and displacement (stroke) values after
speed is stabilized.
6.1.3.2 General commander is to decide the time for unit synchronization for 1 st and 2nd tests
with unit at the rated speed.
6.1.3.3 After test is completed, recover the unit into the status of normal operation, and restore
various interlocks removed for the test.
6.1.3.4 Classify oscilloscopic diagrams and transcriptions, and work out the test report timely.
7 甩负荷试验安全措施

7 Safety measures for load rejection test

7.1 甩负荷试验前规定的项目必须逐项落实,试验数据合格。

7.1 Tasks stipulated before the test shall be actualized one by one, and test data should be
acceptable.
7.2 机组在提升转速试验中的一切安全措施,在甩负荷试验中均适用。

7.2 All the safety measures for unit in speedup test shall be applicable in the load rejection
test.
7.3 甩负荷后,运行人员应密切监视机组状态,并进行相应的操作。

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7.3 After load rejection, operators should closely monitor the unit status, and perform the
corresponding operations.
7.4 甩负荷后处理操作必须迅速、准确。汽轮机甩额定负荷后,空负荷运行时间不宜超过

30 分钟。

7.4 Post load rejection treatment operation should be prompt and accurate, and after the
turbine has rejected the rated load, the time for unloaded operation should not exceed
30 minutes.
7.5 有专人监视制造厂提供的数字转速表;甩负荷后,当转速达到 3330r/min 时,应迅速、
果断地打闸停机,打闸后若转速上升或不下降,应立即采取关闭电动截止阀,各抽汽逆止
门,破坏真空等应急措施。
7.5 Specially designated staff shall monitor the digital speed indicator provided by the
manufacturer. After load rejection and when speed reaches the marking on the
indicator (3330r/min), they should trip promptly and decidedly, and should immediately
close electric isolating valves, various steam extraction cutoff valves, and break
vacuum and take other measures if the speed rises or refuses to drop after trip.
7.6 由于甩负荷后机组转速飞升率(加速度)很高,有可能扩大轴承振动,因此有关防止轴

承振动的措施必须严格执行。试验时必须有专人监视各轴承振动值,一旦有异常出现则必

须迅速打闸,防止事故发生或扩大。

7.6 Unit speed rising rate (accelerated speed) will be very high after load rejection, which
may expand bearing vibration. Therefore, the measures for bearing vibration resistance
shall be strictly taken. Special staff shall be assigned to monitor vibrating values of
bearings during test. The system must be quickly tripped once any exceptions are
found, to prevent the accidents from occurrence or spread.
7.7 甩负荷后若出现高压调节阀油动机或中压调节阀油动机未关,恢复时高压调节阀油动

机或中压调节阀油动机未开造成汽轮机单缸进汽,应打闸停机。

7.7 If HP governing valve servomotor or LP governing servomotor is not closed after load
rejection, it will result in single-casing steam admission as HP governing valve
servomotor or LP governing valve servomotor are not opened during recovery. Now the
system shall be tripped and shut down.
7.8 汽轮机空转和负荷变化时应监视高、中、低压胀差值,若有异常应及时采取措施。

7.8 Monitor the HP and LP differential expansions during unloaded operation and load
variation of unit. Take measures timely once there is any exception.
7.9 甩负荷后还应注意蒸汽旁路系统,除氧器、凝汽器水位、抽汽回热系统、

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汽轮机及抽汽管道疏水、高压缸排汽温升、推力轴承金属温度、汽缸金属温度等情况,如
有异常应采取措施。
7.9 Also pay attention to the bypass system, deaerator condenser water level, steam
extraction regenerative system, water drainage of turbine and steam exaction pipeline, HP
casing steam exhaust temperature rise, metal temperature of thrust bearing, and metal
temperature of steam cylinder, etc. Measures for any exceptions should be taken immediately.

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 0－9 抗燃油
0-9 Fire-Resistant Oil

1 抗燃油

1 Fire-resistant oil
抗燃油是 EH 系统的工作介质，油质是否合格对系统能否正常工作有重大

影响，故在系统安装及运行中应对其给予特别关注。

Fire-resistant oil is a working medium for EH system, and whether the oil quality is
acceptable or not will exert significant impact on normal work. Therefore, it should be specially
attended to during system installation and operation.
2 运行参数

2 Operation parameters
2.1 运行温度

2.1 Operation temperature

运行温度过高或过低都是不允许的，温度过低造成油的粘度升高，容易使泵电机过
载；运行温度过高，易使油产生沉淀及产生凝胶。故油的运行温度应控制在 30℃～54℃
之间。
Neither too high nor too low operational temperature is allowed. An underlow temperature
will cause rise in oil viscosity, liable pump motor to be overloaded, while overhigh operational
temperature will generate oil sediment and gel. So, the service temperature for oil should be
controlled between 30℃~54℃.
2.2 油质清洁度 NASA5 级或 MOOG2 级由于系统工作压力高达 14MPa，其零部件间隙都很小，

所以对油质清洁度有较高要求。

2.2 The cleanliness of oil quality NAS5 grade or MOOG2 grade is needed for a system service
pressure as high as 14MPa. As clearance for its components is very narrow, it has a rather
high requirement for cleanliness of oil quality.
2.3 含氯量<100PPM 含氯量过高会对系统零件造成腐蚀，并进而污染油质本身。

2.3 Chlorine content is < 100PM and a too high chlorine content will cause erosion with
system parts, and further polluting the oil quality itself.
2.4 含水量<0.1%含水量过高会使油产生水解现象，故应严格控制。

2.4 Water content is < 0.1, and an excessive moisture will hydrolyze the oil, hence to be
strictly controlled.
2.5 酸值<0.2mgKOH/gram 酸值增加会使油的腐蚀性加大，同时，含水量及酸值增加均

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 会使油的电阻率下降，加剧伺服阀的腐蚀。
2.5 Acid value is to be < 0.2mgKOH/gram. An increase in acid value will aggravate erosion to
oil, and at the same time the increase in moisture and acid value will also reduce the specific
resistance, leading to more serious erosion to servo valves.
3 采样:运行过程中应对抗燃油定期采样检验，其周期如下：

3 Sampling: The fire-resistant oil shall be sampled periodically during operation, and its
sampling cycle is as follows:
3.1 油系统冲洗完成后应立即采样检验。

3.1 For inspection immediately after oil system is flushed;

3.2 油系统冲洗完成后一个月内，每两周采样检验一次。

3.2 To be sampled and inspected once for every two weeks, within one month after oil system
is flushed;
3.3 正常运行中每三个月采样检验一次。

3.2 To be sampled once every three months during normal operation;

3.4 如果在运行参数中发现任一参数超标，都应立即采取措施。

3.4 Measures to be taken immediately once any parameter is found to be overrated.

Refer to the following table for standard of oil quality cleanliness:
4 油质清洁度标准见下表

NAS1638 标准 100ml 中的颗粒数

颗粒
>5～15μm >15～25μm >25～50μm >50～100μm >100μm
等级

NAS5 级 8000 1425 253 45 8

NAS6 级 16000 2850 506 90 16

MOOG 标准

颗粒
>5～10μm >10～25μm >25～50μm >50～100μm >100～150μm
等级

* 2级 9700 2600 380 56 5

3级 24000 5360 780 110 11

表中*为系统要求必须达到的油质清洁度要求
4 NAS1638 Standard

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 Particle >5-15μm >15-25μm >25-50μm >50-100μm >100μm
Grade
NAS5 8000 1425 253 45 8
NAS6 16000 2850 506 90 16
MOOG Standard
Particle >5-10μm >10-25μm >25-50μm >50-100μm >100~150μm
Grade
 2nd Grade 9700 2600 380 56 5
3rd Grade 24000 5360 780 110 11
 in the table is the system requirement for oil cleanliness to be met.
5 注意事项

6 Matters for attention

5.1 由于不同生产厂家生产的抗燃油的成分有所差异，故不允许将两个厂家生产的抗燃

油混合使用。

5.1 As there exists difference in ingredient with fire-resistant oils produced by different
manufacturers, it is not allowed to use the oils by two manufacturers in a blended way.
5.2 对于桶中储存的抗燃油，建议其储存期不超过一年，且存放期间应定期

5.2 It is recommended that the storage for fire-resistant oil in the drum should not exceed one
year, and the oil has to be sampled and tested periodically during storage, and to be sealed at
once after sampling, to avoid the entry of air and contaminants.
5.3 装载抗燃油的桶内部一般都涂有一层防腐层，故在运输过程中应特别小心以免损坏

防腐层。

5.3 The drums for loading fire-resistant oil are generally painted with an antiseptic layer.
Therefore take care during transportation to avoid the damage of this layer.
5.4 对每一次采样结果都应仔细保管，作为抗燃油的历史依据。

5.5 This sampling result shall be carefully kept, as the historical basis.
5.5 在对系统进行维修时，如有油泄漏，应立即用锯末将其混合并作为固体垃圾处理。

5.5 During maintenance of the system, any leaked oil shall be blended with sawdust and
disposed as solid waste.
5.6 定期换油，建议两年一次。

5.7 Oil should be renewed periodically, and it is recommended once for two years.
5.7 鉴于系统对油的清洁度要求较高，除非不得已的情况，最好不要打开系统，以免空

气及杂物进入系统。
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5.7 As the system has rather high requirement for oil cleanliness, it is better not to
disassemble the system unless it is necessary, to avoid the entry of air and contaminants.
5.8 系统中所有“O”形圈只能采用氟橡胶材料，不得采用其他与抗燃油不相容的材料。

5.8 Only fluorine rubber material can be used for all the O-rings in the system, and it is not
allowed to use any other materials incompatible with fire-resistant oil.
5.9 抗燃油的其它一些使用维护要求，请参阅电工技术委员会（IEC）978-1989-06“三

芳基磷酸酯汽轮机控制液的维护和使用导册”。

5.9 Please refer to the “Guide Manual for Maintenance and Application of TCP Turbine Control
Liquid” , 978-1989-06 by International Electricians Committee (IEC).

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