MOBILE INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT

SEMINAR REPORT

Submitted by

JOSHUA CM

(20151085)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER HARDWARE ENGINEERING

MODEL POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, MATTAKKARA

2022-2023
 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER HARDWARE ENGINEERING
MODEL POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, MATTAKKARA
2022-2023

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the seminar report entitled MOBILE INFRASTRUCTURE

MANAGEMENT is the bonafide record of the work done by JOSHUA C M
(20151085) of third year Polytechnic ( COMPUTER HARDWARE ENGINEERING
) student as part of his seminar work.

Ms. Jithu Soman Ms. Jincy George Mrs. Deepa M Kuruvilla

Seminar co- ordinator Seminar co- ordinator Head of the department

Lecturer Dept. of CHE, MPTC Lecturer Dept. of CHE, MPTC Dept. of CHE, MPTC

Internal Examiner External Examiner

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost I thank GOD almighty for showering his blessings upon
me throughout the entire seminar work, my seminar was possible only because of
the encourage I received from all quarters.

I take this opportunity to express my sincere thanks and gratitude to

Principal Mrs. Lincy Skaria for providing me with adequate facilities.

I expand my heartfelt thanks to Mrs. Deepa M Kuruvilla, Head of

Computer Hardware Engineering department for taking personal interest in my
seminar.

I am profusely grateful to my seminar coordinators Ms. Jithu Soman and

Ms. Jincy George, whose thoughtful commands and constant encouragement
improved my seminar significantly.

I express my sincere thanks to all staff members in the department of

Computer Hardware Engineering who have taken sincere effort in the presentation
of my seminar.

Finally, but not all least I would like to acknowledge the heartfelt efforts,
commands, criticisms, co-operation and tremendous support given to me by dear
friends during the presentation of my seminar and also during my seminar and also
during my presentation without whose support these work would have been all the
more difficult to accomplish.

JOSHUA CM
 ABSTRACT

Mobile devices allow users to access information resources and services over many
different distribution channels - anywhere, anytime, anyhow. Technical and usage
characteristics of mobile systems are highly variable with respect to user capabilities and
context characteristics. Therefore an immense level of flexibility is required. This book
presents a framework for mobile information systems, focusing on quality of service and
adaptability at all architectural levels. These levels range from adaptive applications to
e-services, middleware, and infrastructural elements, as developed in the "Multichannel
Adaptive Information Systems" (MAIS) project. The design models, methods, and tools
developed in the project allow the realization of adaptive mobile information systems in a
variety of different architectures. The book is divided into three parts: core technologies
for mobile information systems, enabling technologies, and methodological aspects of
mobile information systems design. It provides researchers in academia and industry with
a comprehensive vision on innovative aspects which can be used as a basis for the
development of new frameworks and appl.

iii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sl. No TITLE Page No.

Abstract iii
List of Figures v
1. Introduction 01
2 Literature Review 03
3 System Architecture 06
3.1 The main components of mobile infrastructure 06
3.1.1 hardware 06
3.1.2 Operating system 07
3.1.3 Middleware 09
3.1.4 Logistics 10
3.1.5 Back-end 10
3.2 Challenges for mobile infrastructure 11
4 Features 12
4.1 Technologies 12
4.1.1 Java 12
4.1.2 Database 12
4.1.3 XML 13
4.2 Generation of mobile infrastructure 14
4.2.1 Analog cellular - 1st Generation 14
4.2.2 Digital cellular 2nd Generation 15
4.2.3 Mobile broadband- 3rd Generation 15
4.2.4 4th Generation 16
4.2.5 5th Generation 17
5 Applications 18
6 Advantages and Disadvantages 19
6.1 Advantages 19
6.2 Disadvantage 19
7 Conclusion 20
8 References 21

iv
 LIST OF FIGURES

Sl .No TITLE Page No

1 mobile devices 06
2 Modern Operating system 08
3 General vision of CoT-based middleware 09
4 Backend technology for mobile application development 10
5 Evolution of phone generation 16

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

Mobile technology is a relatively new phenomenon that has brought new capabilities and
demands to modern businesses. The explosion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has meant
that mobile devices are used for a wide range of purposes across various sectors, from
inventory tracking to heart rate monitoring. Whatever the specific needs of a business, the
growth of mobile use is an unavoidable reality.

But all-too-often, the deployment of mobile devices across legacy infrastructure is

disjointed, with different systems running concurrently. Mobile fragmentation is the term
used when different mobile devices within an organization are running on different
mobile applications, software, or operating systems, possibly with updates applied at
different times. Such mobile infrastructure planning usually leads to an inefficient, costly,
and disorganized distribution of resources. Many organizations also suffer the
consequences of failing to modernize within an optimal time period, which can cause
greater disruption.

This, together with the rapid development of mobile technology, is why mobile
infrastructure is essential to the majority of industries. Enterprises are easily able to
deploy dedicated mobile devices that respond to specific needs and purposes, but this is
by no means the end of the story. Mobile infrastructure entails the management and
administration of all mobile devices within the organization, the software, security, and
other tools, as well as all logistical requirements. This ensures that all mobile devices in
your business are on the same page, and the user is provided with a seamless, end-to-end
experience.

Mobile technology is transforming the face of infrastructure and facility life-cycle

management. Stakeholders from maintenance technicians to senior executives can now
deliver superior operational outcomes and lower the cost of operations using the powerful
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data collection, reporting, and enterprise-wide data visibility offered by mobile solutions
for infrastructure and facilities management

Consumers have embraced mobile technology at an unimaginable scale. Enterprises too

are strategizing their business functions by involving in meaningful engagement with
employees and customers. Mobility is proving to be pivotal in keeping employees and
customers to be ever engaged and is powering the next wave of connected services.
Consumerization of technology also means that businesses should be ready to afford
significant changes, be aligned and disruptive to surpass customer expectations.

At Element, we harness the power mobile technology brings to enterprises by helping

them take utmost advantage and change the way they function. We enable our clients to
differentiate themselves by offering functions that align with customer and enterprise
objectives. Our services benefit organizations to enhance productivity and gain market
traction across various industry verticals. Element’s experienced team deploy scalable
engagement and implementation models and offer organizations the mileage to meet their
business and IT needs. Organizations can boost their mobile initiatives across various
platforms and go to market faster.

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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW

In [1], Wireless network infrastructure This is one of the pillar technologies of

m-commerce that supports the development of m-commerce applications. Wireless
network infrastructure plays an important role in m-commerce as this is the core part of
mcommerce technology .It provides wireless networks and network standards such as the
Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), Bluetooth, the wireless local area
network (WLAN), radio frequency identification (RFID), the Third generation (3G)
network, etc. Articles describing these wireless networks or network standards are
grouped under bWireless and mobile networkQ. In order to ensure the reliability and
efficiency of the m-commerce applications and services running in a mobile environment,
it is necessary for various networking requirements to be implemented in the wireless and
mobile networks. bNetworking requirementsQ cover articles on the wireless
infrastructure requirements of m-commerce such as location management, multicast
support, network dependability, quality-of-service, and roaming across multiple
networks.

In[2], Wireless user infrastructure Wireless user infrastructure consists of two parts, i.e.,
software and hardware . Software refers to the operating systems and their interfaces
while hardware means the mobile devices to communicate with the mcommerce
applications, such as PDAs and mobile phones. In this classified framework, two issues
relating to wireless user infrastructure were identified in this category. bMobile
interfacesQ consists of publications that discuss interface designs or issues relating to the
mobile applications or devices. A well-designed and usable interface is relatively difficult
to achieve in a mobile environment because the mobile applications normally execute on
a small and portable mobile hand-held device . Corresponding guidelines for designing
suitable mobile interfaces are necessary. Clearly, the classification cluster, bMobile
handheld devicesQ covers articles related to mobile devices
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In[3], over the past decades, mobile communication has become an integral part of our
daily life. For instance, in 2016 the mobile network comprised 4.61 billion users and the
revenue of all mobile network operators totaled 1,331 billion USD . In many markets, the
number of mobile Internet subscribers has outnumbered the stationary ones. A vast and
diverse mobile communication and application ecosystem has emerged. These
applications include private as well as business communication, and even critical
infrastructures. For example, payment services, energy infrastructure, and emergency
services (e. g., FirstNet ) highly depend on mobile networks. As a consequence, the
reliability and security of mobile networks have become a substantial aspect of our daily
lives.

In [4], As mobile development has overtaken web/cloud development, there has been a
growing and still unmet demand for providers of full-stack mobile infrastructure. This is
where Mason comes in, with end-to-end solutions that provide for every process and
level of a mobile fleet. This means firstly developing the hardware for mobile
deployments, like tablets for remote education and wearables for first responders. Mason
goes far beyond the usual offerings of MDM to deliver a complete mobile infrastructure,
as well as a new level of efficiency and scalability to your organization that also
maximizes uptime. The incredible benefits can be seen in the health sector, where
telemedicine can improve access to medical care for those that need it. Mason has
delivered mobile devices for eCOA (electronic clinical outcome assessment) and ePRO
(electronic patient-reported outcome) so diagnoses can be made more quickly,
conveniently, and accurately. Mason has also developed devices that include a
smartwatch, which can be used for the purposes of remote patient monitoring (RPM).
Mason prioritizes the user experience and gives businesses complete control of the
custom Android operating system. This creates an effective and viable option for those
that are looking for a complete mobile management solution that leaves no weaknesses or
inconsistencies in mobile infrastructure.

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In [5], A mobile is a kind of wireless device that is able to share the data using its own
operating system. Open source means the specific application but it allows
changing the coding to change the functionality of the application. Users can access
the internal application and can make changes according to their own requirements.
The symbian OS is partially open access and it is only open source for the
business. While windows OS is restricted. Whereas android gives full access for
Open source and users can make changes easily to the applications. The home
screen is different in every mobile of the same or different brand. The android supports
five home screens with dynamically fitting widgets that means the widgets are
displayed according to the screen size and space available on the screen. The Symbian
provides three home screens with six slots on each screen. These six slots may be
used for Apps and widgets. Windows Phones use the Metro UI based on a Live Tile
home screen that is bright and colorful. The Android phone must be re-charged every
4 h or so because it uses the most powerful hardware on the market to balance the lack
of internal performance, while a Symbian Smartphone will be alive in battery for many
days. This is because Symbian manages the perfect balance between power
utilization and receptiveness of the device. It is the case of Windows. The battery
power does not last for long and has to be charged periodically. The study concludes
that android is more preferred than symbian and windows but it is more susceptible to
security threats and viruses due to the permission of anonymous applications
submission. However, as user point of view the android OS is mostly preferred OS
than the other two OS

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CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

3.1 THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF MOBILE INFRASTRUCTURE

Mobile infrastructure is present in multiple layers within an organization. These include:
● Hardware
● Operating system
● Middleware
● Logistics
● Back-end
3.1.1 HARDWARE
This includes mobile devices, which may be custom built for specific uses or operated on
a flexible basis among employees or customers. This also includes all peripherals and the
front-end aspects that make the applications more intuitive for the users.
Mobile hardware includes mobile devices or device components that receive or access the
service of mobility. They would range from portable laptops, smartphones, tablet Pc's,
Personal Digital AssistantsThese devices will have a receptor medium that is capable of
sensing and receiving signals. These devices are configured to operate in full- duplex,
whereby they are capable of sending and receiving signals at the same time. They don't
have to wait until one device has finished communicating for the other device to initiate
communications.

Fig 1: mobile devices

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3.1.2 OPERATING SYSTEM

This could be a custom OS with Android or OS version control. A mobile operating
system is an operating system that helps to run other application software on mobile
devices. It is the same kind of software as the famous computer operating systems like
Linux and Windows, but now they are light and simple to some extent.
The operating systems found on smartphones include Symbian OS, iPhone OS, RIM's
BlackBerry, Windows Mobile, Palm WebOS, Android, and Maemo. Android, WebOS,
and Maemo are all derived from Linux. The iPhone OS originated from BSD and
NeXTSTEP, which are related to Unix. It combines the beauty of computers and hand use
devices. It typically contains a cellular built-in modem and SIM tray for telephony and
internet connections. If you buy a mobile, the manufacturer company chooses the OS for
that specific device.
Popular platforms of the Mobile OS:
● Android OS: The Android operating system is the most popular operating system
today. It is a mobile OS based on the Linux Kernel and open-source software. The
android operating system was developed by Google. The first Android device was
launched in 2008.
● Bada (Samsung Electronics): Bada is a Samsung mobile operating system that
was launched in 2010. The Samsung wave was the first mobile to use the bada
operating system. The bada operating system offers many mobile features, such as
3-D graphics, application installation, and multipoint-touch.
● BlackBerry OS : The BlackBerry operating system is a mobile operating system
developed by Research In Motion (RIM). This operating system was designed
specifically for BlackBerry handheld devices. This operating system is beneficial
for the corporate users because it provides synchronization with Microsoft
Exchange, Novell GroupWise email, Lotus Domino, and other business software
when used with the BlackBerry Enterprise Server.

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● iPhone OS / iOS: The iOS was developed by Apple inc for the use on its device.
The iOS operating system is the most popular operating system today. It is a very
secure operating system. The iOS operating system is not available for any other
mobiles.
● Symbian OS: Symbian operating system is a mobile operating system that
provides a high-level of integration with communication. The Symbian operating
system is based on the java language. It combines middleware of wireless
communications and personal information management (PIM) functionality. The
Symbian operating system was developed by Symbian Ltd in 1998 for the use of
mobile phones. Nokia was the first company to release Symbian OS on its mobile
phone at that time.
● Windows Mobile OS: The window mobile OS is a mobile operating system that
was developed by Microsoft. It was designed for the pocket PCs and smart
mobiles.
● Harmony OS : The harmony operating system is the latest mobile operating
system that was developed by Huawei for the use of its devices. It is designed
primarily for IoT devices.
● Palm OS: The palm operating system is a mobile operating system that was
developed by Palm Ltd for use on personal digital assistants (PADs). It was
introduced in 1996. Palm OS is also known as the Garnet OS.
● WebOS (Palm/HP): The WebOS is a mobile operating system that was developed
by Palm. It based on the Linux Kernel. The HP uses this operating system in its
mobile and touchpads.

Fig 2: Modern Operating system

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3.1.3 MIDDLEWARE
The gateway that provides the secure connection between mobile applications and a
centralized and often cloud-based server. This will be affected by the various mobile
management programs and approaches used. middleware is an important enabler that
provides communication among heterogeneous things. It is a mid-layer between things
and application services and provides an abstraction of the thing’s functionality for
application services. Fig. 3 shows a general vision of CoT-based middleware and includes
its overall concept as well as its position in the design and its main functionalities.The
middleware can bring flexibility and several features and characteristics that we can see
their various combinations according to the system’s requirements.

Fig 3 : General vision of CoT-based middleware

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3.1.4 LOGISTICS
This is everything that is needed for delivering the product to the end-user. It includes all
the necessary certifications, kitting (compiling the product into one kit), packaging,
warehousing, shipping, and returns.
3.1.5 BACK-END
The data sources and systems that are used for powering the use of mobile devices.The
backend works entirely behind the scenes but plays a critical role. It is the backend that
does most of the heavy lifting related to data verification, authentication, processing
business logic, data storage, and security. The backend of mobile apps is an application
hosted on a server that remotely communicates with the frontend.
The backend server can store, retrieve, and sort important information with accuracy and
speed to enable a seamless computing experience for the end-users. Any hiccups in the
backend can affect millions of users across the world.
The process of designing, developing, deploying, and maintaining the application code at
the server-side of a mobile app is called backend development. It encompasses all the
activities happening behind the scenes as users interact and interface with the app.
Which data to produce, how to present it, and when to present it is decided by the code
that implements business logic. There can be some apps that may only have a frontend
and no backend, but such apps would be of very little use. The real power of any dynamic
and useful app comes from a strong backend development.

Fig 4 : Backend technology for mobile application development

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It is common for enterprises to deploy their own business apps that are able to connect
directly to custom cloud solutions to be used as an integrated part of corporate mobile
infrastructure. Alternatively, this can be included in the software and middleware
solutions of the mobile infrastructure provider.

3.2 CHALLENGES FOR MOBILE INFRASTRUCTURE

Operating mobile infrastructure for business poses a range of different challenges, so not
every company is in a position to offer an in-house solution that meets the needs of the
entire organization.
The management and administration of individual devices, applications, and platforms is
a huge undertaking, as well as the integration of those devices into enterprise
applications. In this age of digital transformation, many large businesses are left with
legacy systems that are resistant to the introduction of new technologies, while smaller
businesses often have budget limitations. In the cases where business mobile
deployments are unplanned and disorganized, the organization may be left with a
fragmented and inconsistent infrastructure that limits productivity and growth. With a
high number of mobile endpoints that are vulnerable to attacks or theft, security is
another pain point, and one way of addressing this is through access management.
Meeting the ever-changing and increasing demands of regulatory frameworks is an
additional ongoing issue that is often coupled with security challenges. When
organizations of all sizes are considering how to implement and maintain an effective
mobile infrastructure strategy, these are some common pain points.

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CHAPTER 4
FEATURES

4.1 TECHNOLOGIES

4.1.1 JAVA
Mobile infrastructure uses Java runtime environment in cell phonesJava for Mobile
Devices is a set of technologies that let developers deliver applications and services to all
types of mobile handsets, ranging from price efficient feature-phones to the latest
smartphones. Java is currently running on over 3 billion phones worldwide, and growing.
It offers unrivaled potential for the distribution and monetization of mobile applications.
At the core of the Java Mobile Platform is Java Platform, Micro Edition (Java ME). Java
ME provides a robust, flexible environment for applications running on mobile and other
embedded devices: mobile phones, TV set-top boxes, e-readers, Blu-Ray readers, printers
and more. For over a decade, Oracle has been working along with leading mobile and
embedded companies to develop the Java ME Platform through the Java Community
Process (JCP). A key achievement has been the definition of the Mobile Services
Architecture (MSA), setting a baseline of mobile APIs that developer can target within
their applications.
4.1.2 DATABASE

Store data when communications are donebrings the applications that were once limited
to the world where they are most needed.
A Mobile database is a database that can be connected to a mobile computing device over
a mobile network (or wireless network). Here the client and the server have wireless
connections. In today’s world, mobile computing is growing very rapidly, and it is huge
potential in the field of databases. It will be applicable on different-different devices like
android based mobile databases, iOS based mobile databases, etc. Common examples of
databases are Couch base Lite, Object Box, etc.

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Features of Mobile database :

Here, we will discuss the features of the mobile database as follows.
● A cache is maintained to hold frequent and transactions so that they are not lost
due to connection failure.
● As the use of laptops, mobile and PDAs is increasing to reside in the mobile
system.
● Mobile databases are physically separate from the central database server.
● Mobile databases resided on mobile devices.
● Mobile databases are capable of communicating with a central database server or
other mobile clients from remote sites.
● With the help of a mobile database, mobile users must be able to work without a
wireless connection due to poor or even non-existent connections (disconnected).
● A mobile database is used to analyze and manipulate data on mobile devices.

4.1.3 XML

XML (extensible markup language) is used for integration of software running in mobile
XML is a markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a
human-readable and machine-readable format. XML is often used for storing and
transporting data, especially when it comes to web services.When a document is created
in XML, the author must define a set of rules, or grammar, for the document's structure.
This grammar is then used to encode the document in a machine-readable and
human-readable way. XML documents can be read by any XML parser, which will
process the document according to the rules defined in the grammar.
XML is a very versatile format and can be used for various applications. However,
because it is a text-based format, it is not well suited for storing binary data such as
images or video. For this reason, XML is often used in conjunction with other formats,
such as JSON or HTML.

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4.2 GENERATION OF MOBILE INFRASTRUCTURE

Newer technology has been developed and rolled out in a series of waves or generations.
The "generation" terminology only became widely used when 3G was launched, but is
now used retrospectively when referring to the earlier systems

4.2.1 ANALOG CELLULAR- 1st GENERATION

The first automatic analog cellular systems ever deployed were NTT's system first used
in 1979 for car phones in Tokyo (and later the rest of the country of Japan), and the NMT
system which was released in the Nordic countries in 1981. The first analog cellular
system widely deployed in North America was the Advanced Mobile Phone System
(AMPS).It was commercially introduced in the Americas on 13 October 1983, Israel in
1986, and Australia in 1987. AMPS was a pioneering technology that helped drive mass
market usage of cellular technology, but it had several serious issues by modern
standards. It was unencrypted and easily vulnerable to eavesdropping via a scanner; it
was susceptible to cell phone "cloning" and it used a Frequency-division multiple access
(FDMA) scheme and required significant amounts of wireless spectrum to support. On 6
March 1983, the DynaTAC 8000X mobile phone launched on the first US 1G network by
Ameritech. It cost $100M to develop, and took over a decade to reach the market.[35]
The phone had a talk time of just thirty minutes and took ten hours to charge. Consumer
demand was strong despite the battery life, weight, and low talk time, and waiting lists
were in the thousands.
Many of the iconic early commercial cell phones such as the Motorola DynaTAC Analog
AMPS were eventually superseded by Digital AMPS (D-AMPS) in 1990, and AMPS
service was shut down by most North American carriers by 2008.
In February 1986 Australia launched its Cellular Telephone System by Telecom
Australia. Peter Reedman was the first Telecom Customer to be connected on 6 January
1986 along with five other subscribers as test customers prior to the official launch date
of 28 February.

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4.2.2 DIGITAL CELLULAR -2nd GENERATION

Following the success of 1G, 2G launched on the Global System for Mobile
Communications (GSM) in Finland in 1991. 2G provided significant mobile talk
advancements, introducing encrypted calls (nobody could drop in on your unwanted
anymore). 2G also improved sound quality, reducing static and crackling noises while
you were talking. 2G’s download speeds were also significantly faster (but still incredibly
slow by today’s standards) than 1G, averaging at about 0.2 Mbps during its lifetime.
The 2G network also allowed us to transfer data bits from one phone to another, enabling
access to media content on cellphones such as ring tones. Because we could now transfer
data, 2G also gave us some basic smartphone functionality. However, that wasn’t the
most state-of-the-art benefit of this data transfer feature. In fact, 2G’s data transferring
completely changed how we communicate by introducing text messages (SMS) and
multimedia messages (MMS) as new forms of communication. Using the same control
channels as talk, SMS and MMS messages are sent in packets of data from your cell
phone to a tower then to your friend’s phone

4.2.3 MOBILE BROADBAND- 3rd GENERATION

Deployed for the public in Japan by NTT DoCoMo in 2001, 3G focused on standardizing
vendors’ network protocol. In turn, users could access data from anywhere, which
allowed international roaming services to begin. Compared to 2G, 3G had four times the
data transferring capabilities reaching up to 2 Mbps on average. Because of this increase,
video streaming, video conferences, and live video chat (remember good old Skype)
became real. Emails also became another standard form of communication over mobile
devices. What made 3G revolutionary, though, was the ability to surf the internet (basic
HTML pages at the time) and stream music on mobile. Although 2G did offer the same
features, they weren’t as advanced as what 3G had in terms of download speed. As the
3G era continued, improvements to the network increased speeds and support. In Canada
alone, download speeds today are almost 6 Mbps. Although candy-bar and flip phones
were popular choices during the 3G era, smartphones were new. This new technology

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allowed users to listen to music, call, text, and search through the internet on their mobile
devices. There were two major smartphone competitors at the time – Blackberry and
Apple.

Fig 4: Evolution of phone generation

4.2.4 4th GENERATION

Introduced for commercial use in Norway near the end of 2009, 4G offered today’s
standard services. Starting at a minimum of 12.5 Mbps, 4G provided high-quality video
streaming/chat, fast mobile web access, HD videos, and online gaming. Compared to a
simple SIM card switch from 2G to 3G, mobile devices needed to be specifically
designed to support 4G. However, when 4G first started, it wasn’t actually 4G. When the
ITU-R set the required minimum speeds for 4G (12.5 Mbps), it wasn’t attainable at the
time. In response to the amount of money that tech manufacturers were putting into
achieving this goal, the ITU-R decided that LTE (Long-term evolution) could be labelled
as 4G. But only if it provided a significant improvement over 3G. In short, when 4G first
came out, what you were seeing was 3.9G or 3.95G instead. Today, that’s not an issue,
though. By mid-2011, Canada launched its first LTE wireless network in Ottawa, Ontario,
thanks to Rogers. The release offered speeds just under 12.5 Mbps labelling it 4G LTE.
Today though, speeds are faster. In 2020, Canada’s median 4G download speed was 55.5
Mbps. During 4 G’s reign, the best-selling cell phones included the iPhone 6 at 22.4
million units and the Samsung Galaxy S4 at 80 million units worldwide.

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4.2.5 5th GENERATION

5G" is the next version of cellular mobile telephone standards. The 5G standards include
millimetre-band radio spectrum to allow data speeds up to 1 gigabit per second, and
reduce latency (the processing time to handle a data transmission) between handset and
network to a few milliseconds. 5G standards also include low-band and mid-band
spectrum similar to existing networks. Telephone companies are introducing 5G
technology starting in 2019.

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CHAPTER 5
APPLICATIONS

● SAP Mobile Infrastructure :

The SAP Mobile Infrastructure (SAP MI) is a technology solution of SAP

NetWeaver on which SAP Solutions for Mobile Business is based. With SAP MI,
however, you can also make applications that are not SAP-based mobile.SAP MI
is installed locally on a mobile device and is equipped with a Web server, a
database layer and its own business logic. Staff working remotely can therefore
work offline and do not have to wait for a network connection to complete
time-critical business applications. SAP MI offers tools for synchronization and
data replication that make the data of the mobile device consistent with that of the
back end.

SAP MI is based on the following open industry standards:

➢ The SAP MI offers tools for synchronization

➢ It is based on java, xml.
● Wyse technology:
➢ provider of cloud-based mobile infrastructure management technology

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MOBILE INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT

CHAPTER 6
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

6.1 ADVANTAGES

● Decrease security risk and costs involved with lost devices.

● Users can select the devices that best meets their needs.
● Get their devices up and running quickly, in just minutes instead of days.
● Users get reliable, secure and easy access to corporate email and applications.
● Use custom attributes to track asset information.
● Benefit from service level guarantees.

6.2 DISADVANTAGES
● Forced to rely on your chosen vendor’s capabilities.
● Sometimes not accessible from anywhere in the country.
● Unavailability Of resources .
● Lack of Coordination and Rapport

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MOBILE INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT

CHAPTER 7
CONCLUSION

Mobile network infrastructure testing from design to production .Radio access network
(RAN) landscapes deploy different kinds of infrastructure equipment. They range from
macro to small cell base stations and include distributed antenna systems, repeaters,
active antennas, radios and mobile backhaul. Constantly developing technology up to 5G,
new use cases and the ever-present demand for economic efficiency are drivers of the
mobile network equipment industry. Particularly 5G New Radio challenges infrastructure
equipment testing due to increasing MIMO complexity and beamforming, wider
bandwidths and new spectrum bands up to mmWave. The ever-increasing diversification
and complexity of mobile network infrastructure equipment is often combined with
demands such as cost efficiency and fast time-to-market. These requirements need to be
reflected in innovative and flexible test and measurement solutions. Rohde & Schwarz
offers class-leading mobile network infrastructure testing solutions to address these
various needs and to enable leveraging the opportunities of 5G. Our solutions portfolio
covers all phases of the product life cycle, from R&D of RF and digital designs, design
validation and integration to 3GPP defined base station conformance testing and
production testing.

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MOBILE INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT

CHAPTER 8
REFERENCES

[1] U. Varshney, R. Vetter, Mobile commerce: framework, applications and networking

support, Mobile Networks and Applications 7 (3) (2002) 185 – 198.

[2] B.E. Mennecke, T.J. Strader, Mobile Commerce: Technology, Theory, and
Applications, IDEA Group Publishing, London, 2003

[3] The Statistics Portal, “Number of Mobile Phone Users Worldwide from 2013 to
2019,”https:// www. statista. com/statistics/274774/forecast- of mobile- phone- users-
worldwide/, [Online; accessed 22-May-2017].

[4] Mobile Infrastructure with Mason by Robert O'Sulliva https://bymason.com/blog/

mobile-infrastructure-with-mason/

[5] Khomh, F., H. Yuan and Y. Zou, 2012. Adapting linux for mobile platforms: An
empirical study of android. Proceeding of 28th IEEE International Conference on
Software Maintenance (ICSM), pp: 629-632.

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