Lesson 15

VERBALS

Topic/s

Topic: Verbals

Performance Standard

At the end of this module, learners are expected to:

 Recognize and identify the verbals in the sentence.

 Write sentences using gerund and infinitive with different functions in the sentence.

Materials

 book

Reference

Mendez, M. JR., Ramos, E.H., & Sanqueton, G. (2016). EnglishTek6: Reading (3 rd edition)
TechFactors Inc.

Retrieved from: https://7esl.com/gerunds/

https://7esl.com/infinitives/
What do you already know?

Identify the underlined verbal each sentence below. Shade the column where it belongs.

Gerund Infinitive Participle

The flag waving in the wind is inspirational.

Completing the project is harder than it looks.
Daniel’s arguing every call is getting frustrating.
The show offers everyone a chance to be famous.
While playing the golf, Mico felt as if his world was
perfect.
The thief arrested for the robbery shot at the security
guard.
Anthony's confusing message did nothing to solve the
problem.
They are sure the extra planning will make a difference
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 in the end.
The politician's broken promises were all that the voters
remembered.
Godzilla made a game of smashing all of the red cars
parked near the lake.

Discussion

Verbals
A verbal is a verb form that does not function as a verb. Verbals function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs.
There are three types of verbals:

 Participles (past participles and present participles).

 Gerunds
 Infinitives
Participles
A participle is a verb form that functions as an adjective.

There are two types of participles: the present participle (ending "ing") and the past participle (usually
ending "-ed,"" -d,"" -t,"" -en," or "-n").

EXAMPLES:

The crying baby had a wet diaper. crying= present participle used as adjective.

Smiling, she hugged the panting dog. panting = present participle used as adjective.

Shaken, he walked away from the wrecked car. wrecked = past participle used as adjective.

Infinitives
An infinitive is a verbal consisting of the word to + the base form of the verb and
functioning as a noun, adjective, or adverb.

Examples:
to swim to think to read to be to cut to turn

USAGE EXAMPLE
S

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Gerunds
A gerund is a verbal that ends in –ing and functions as a noun. It can take on the role of a subject, direct
object, subject complement, and object of preposition.

USAGE EXAMPLE
S

 Subject shows what the sentence is about, or who or what is performing an action in
the sentence.
 A direct object is the noun or noun phrase that's receiving the action of the verb.
 A subject complement is a word or phrase that follows a linking
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verb and identifies or describes the subject.
(4th Quarter)
 The object of a preposition is the noun or pronoun that follows the preposition in a
sentence.
Circle the verbal in each sentence below. Identify if it is a GERUND, INFINITIVE or PARTICIPLE.

1. Melissa asked the waiter to refill the punch bowl. _______________

2. The buffet was so beautiful that we hesitated to eat it. _______________
3. I am able to earn money by working in the publishing house. _______________
4. Tom refused to accept the idea that his birthday gift was gone. _______________
5. The puppies crouching under the bed have refused to come out. _______________
6. Donny goes to his grandmother’s house to eat homemade sweets. _______________
7. The coach hopes that giving the players a break will improve their attitudes. _______________
8. Delighted with the opportunity to learn, Maggie took the internship in Cebu. _______________
9. Going on a cruise and climbing Mt. Makiling were Sam’s summer vacation plans. _______________
10. The swimmer, driven by the need to be the best in the world, made himself sick with anxiety.
_______________

Very Very
Poor Fair Satisfactory
Poor Satisfactory
I can now recognize and identify the verbal
in the sentence.
I am able to write sentences using gerund
and infinitive with different functions in the
sentence.
I learned and understood the lesson clearly.
I completed the task given to me.

How well did you perform?

Check the box that shows how you feel about this module.

How do you extend your learning?

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Write two different sentences using the following infinitives and gerunds below with their correct
functions in the sentence.

Painting and to paint (subject)

Driving and to drive (object)

Teaching and to teach (Subject complement)

Reading and to read (Subject)

Baking and to bake (object)

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 LESSON 16
Active and Passive Voice

Topic/s

Topic: Active and Passive Voice

Performance Standard

At the end of this module, learners are expected to:

 Differentiate active voice from passive voice.

 Rewrite active voice sentences into passive voice and vice-versa.

Materials

English 6 (Language) – Module 8 │Page 6 of 11

(4th Quarter)
  book

Reference

Mendez, M. JR., Ramos, E.H., & Sanqueton, G. (2016). EnglishTek6: Reading (3 rd edition)
TechFactors Inc.

Retrieved from: https://www.grammarly.com/blog/active-vs-passive-voice/

https://www.toppr.com/guides/english/transformation-sentences/active-and-passive-voice/
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-active-and-passive-voice.html

What do you already know?

Identify the following sentences below as ACTIVE VOICE or PASSIVE VOICE.

I need to finish The nurse took The fresh flowers were I was tutored by
my review by 10 care of the young given by my sister to our my dad every
pm. patient. grandma. weekend.

______________ ______________ ________________ _______________

__ __ _

Dad drove mom to Our math teacher The receptionist was called People love to wear
her office this illustrated the problem by the customer to re-book fancy costumes
morning. on the board. the room reservation. during Halloween.
_______________ ________________ ________________ ________________
_

Discussion

Active Voice
The subject of a sentence performs the action of the verb. Sentences in the active voice have a strong,
direct, and clear tone.

Active voice: Subject + Verb + Object

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Example: Linda ate the strawberry pie

Passive Voice means that a subject is a recipient of a verb’s action.

Passive voice: Object + Verb + Subject

Example: The strawberry pie was eaten by me

Rules for changing Active voice to Passive voice:

1. Simply exchange the places of the subject and the object. The subject should become the object
and vice-e-versa while changing a sentence from Active to Passive voice or reverse.

Active voice: She bought a new car. (She is the subject and a new car is an object.)

Passive voice: A new car was bought by her. (A new car is a subject and her is the object.)

2. Always blindly convert the main verb into its past participle or third form while converting from
active to passive voice. To remind you what the third form of a verb looks like, let’s look at a few
examples.

First form Second form Third form

Buy Bought Bought

Sing sang sung

Grow grew grown

Active voice: Billy wrote a book about forgiveness.

Passive voice: A book about forgiveness was written by Billy.

3. Use the word “by” before the subject in the passive sentence. For example:

Active voice: My brother sang a song.

Passive voice: A song was sung by my brother.

4. Change of tense of the auxiliary word: Now when you change the verb form of the main verb, the
tense of the auxiliary also changes accordingly.

Present tense–

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Active voice: Sun rises from the east.
Passive voice: East is where the sun rises from.
Past tense–

Active voice: She walked my dog home.

Passive voice: My dog was walked home by her.
Future tense–

Active voice: Sheena will do the craft work.

Passive voice: Craft work will be done by Sheena.

MORE EXAMPLES:
Active Voice Passive Voice
We are going to watch a movie tonight. A movie is going to be watched by us tonight.

Tom painted the entire house. The entire house was painted by Tom.

A forest fire destroyed the whole suburb. The whole suburb was destroyed by a forest fire.

Susan will bake two dozen cupcakes for the bake Two dozen cookies will be baked by Susan for the bake
sale. sale.

The director will give you instructions. Instructions will be given to you by the director.

The saltwater corroded the metal beams. The metal beams were corroded by the saltwater.

The kangaroo carried her baby in her pouch. The baby was carried by the kangaroo in her pouch.

How much have you learned?

Read each sentence below. Write A if it is in active voice and P if in passive voice.

1. That book was written by Jennifer Niven. ____________

2. You will be given a ticket by the manager. ____________

3. A hail storm destroyed many homes last week. ____________

4. Thomas Edison didn’t invent the light bulb in 1867. ____________

5. The teachers rewarded Jayson for his good grades. ____________

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 6. The elephants trundled along the track by the river. ____________

7. Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa in Venice. ____________

8. James was helped by his father to do his math homework. ____________

9. The courageous soldier rescued his wounded colleague. ____________

10. Our hopes of going on holiday were dashed by the bad news. ____________

Very Very
Poor Fair Satisfactory
Poor Satisfactory
I can now differentiate active voice from
passive voice.
I am able to rewrite active voice sentences
into passive voice and vice-versa.

I learned and understood the lesson clearly.

I completed the task given to me.

How well did you perform?

Check the box that shows how you feel about this module.

How do you extend your learning?

A. Change the following sentences into passive voice.

1. He will finish the puzzle by tomorrow.

_____________________________________________________________________________________ .

2. The sudden noise frightened the dog.

_____________________________________________________________________________________ .

3. Millions of people around the world love football.

_____________________________________________________________________________________ .

4. The boys pushed Tom into the river.

_____________________________________________________________________________________ .

5. The headmaster did not allow students to smoke.

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_____________________________________________________________________________________ .

B. Change the following sentences into active voice.

1. The trees were blown down by the wind.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2. The minister was welcomed by the people.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

3. This experience will never be forgotten by me.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

4. Dad’s car was waxed by the next-door neighbour.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

5. The injured were taken to the hospital by the firemen.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

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