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Programming Lecture 6

This document discusses C++ programming concepts including variables, increment/decrement operators, compound assignments, constants, and provides an example program. The program [1] takes feet and inches as input, [2] converts to total inches, [3] converts inches to centimeters and outputs the result.

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Mostafa Mohamed
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36 views

Programming Lecture 6

This document discusses C++ programming concepts including variables, increment/decrement operators, compound assignments, constants, and provides an example program. The program [1] takes feet and inches as input, [2] converts to total inches, [3] converts inches to centimeters and outputs the result.

Uploaded by

Mostafa Mohamed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Programming

Lecture 6

VARIABLES EXAMPLES
Dr. Badria Nabil
Assignment 3
2

 Write a C++ program that takes three numbers


from the user and calculates the sum and the
average of them and print the sum and the
average to user.
Assignment Solution
3
Incrementing and Decrementing
Values
 The ++/-- operator increments/decrements by 1:

int var1 = 3;
var1++; // var1 now equals 4
Var1--; // var1 now equals 2
 The ++/-- operators can be used in two ways:

int var1 = 3, var2 = 0;


var2 = ++var1; // Prefix: var2=4 Increment var1 first,
// then assign to var2.
var2 = var1++; // Postfix: var2= 3 Assign to var2 first,
// then increment var1.
Increment & Decrement Operators
5

 Increment operator: increment variable by 1


 Pre-increment: ++variable
 Post-increment: variable++

 Decrement operator: decrement variable by 1


 Pre-decrement: --variable
 Post-decrement: variable--

 What is the difference between the following?


x = 5; x = 5;
y = ++x; y = x++;

C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Fourth Edition


Examining Compound Assignments

 An assignment operator can be combined with


any conventional binary operator:

double total=0, num = 1;


double percentage = 0.50;
…
total = total + num; // total is now 1
total += num; // total is now 2
total -= num; // total is now 1
total *= percentage; // total is now .5
Allocating Memory with Constants
7

 Named constant: memory location whose content


can’t change during execution
 The syntax to declare a named constant is:

 In C++, const is a reserved word

C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Fourth Edition


Programming Example:
8
Convert Length
 Write a program that takes as input a given length
expressed in feet and inches
 Convert and output the length in centimeters
 One inch is equal to 2.54 centimeters

 One feet is equal to 12 inches

C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Fourth Edition


Programming Example: Convert
9
Length (continued)
 The algorithm is as follows:
 Get the length in feet and inches
 Convert the length into total inches

 Convert total inches into centimeters

 Output centimeters

C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Fourth Edition


Programming Example: Variables
10
and Constants
 Variables
int feet; //variable to hold given feet
int inches; //variable to hold given inches
int totalInches; //variable to hold total inches
double centimeters; //variable to hold length in
//centimeters

 Named Constant
const double CENTIMETERS_PER_INCH = 2.54;
const int INCHES_PER_FOOT = 12;

C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Fourth Edition


11

C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Fourth Edition


Programming Example: Sample Run
12

Enter two integers, one for feet, one for inches: 15 7

The numbers you entered are 15 for feet and 7 for inches.
The total number of inches = 187
The number of centimeters = 474.98

C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Fourth Edition

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