CHAPTER II

I. What do you think?

A. Listen and repeat.
Positive Negative
1. awesome 5. fantastic 1. bad 5. dreadful

2. amazing 6. terrific 2. awful 6. disgusting

3. incredible 7. wonderful 3. terrible 7. irritating

4. exciting 8. interesting 4. horrible 8. boring

B. Listen and repeat.

Alex : What do you think of this computer game?

Mel : I think it's brilliant. It's really exciting.
Lucy : In my opinion computer games are boring.
Alex : What? No!
Jack : I agree with Lucy. I'd rather play football,
Lucy : Or read a good book.
Mel : I disagree completely. Computer games are fun.
Alex : You need a lot of skill to play some of them.
Mel : Yes, you have to think quickly and react quickly, too.
Alex : Exactly! I believe they're good for your brain.
Lucy : What nonsense!
Jack : That's rubbish and you know it!
Lucy : To my mind, computer games are a complete waste of
time.
Jack : And I agree.
C. Think, write and say.
1. What do you think about computer games?  I think computer games are boring.
2. What do you think about exams?  I believe exams are a good thing.
3. What do you think about sports?  In my opinion it's good to do sports.
4. What do you think about zoos?  To my mind zoos are cruel.
5. Do you agree or disagree?
D. Useful phrases
Giving an opinion agreeing disagreeing
1. I think... I agree I disagree
2. I believe... That’s true. I don’t think so.
3. In my opinion ... You’re right. What nonsense!
4. To my mind … Exactly! I'm sorry, but I don't agree.
 E. Listen to the conversation and repeat.

A: Do you think Iwan Fals a good musician?

B: I think he’s a terrific singer, and he’s great on the guitar.
A: You really think so? Honestly, I don’t think he’s that great, but he’s very popular.

F. PAIRS. Give your opinions of some famous people or movies using some of
the adjectives above. Find out your partner’s opinions.
For example:
A: I think Harry Potter movies are fantastic. What do you think?
B: Oh, I think they’re dreadful!

G. Read, and then write your opinions. Use the phrases in the box.
 In my opinion…  To my mind,…
 I believe...  I think…

1. Watching television is a waste of time.

2. Football is the most exciting sport in the world.
3. Hunting wild animals is very cruel.

II. GRAMMAR FOCUS

A. The following conjunctions used to join words or sentences that show a similar idea.
1. I have a pencil and an eraser
2. I like pineapple cake as well as chocolate cake.
3. Besides fruit, we're going to have ice cream.
4. In addition to soup, several salads were served.
5. the cellar was dark; moreover, mice nested there.
6. Computer chess games are getting cheaper all the time; furthermore, their quality
is improving.
7. A horse is not only a beautiful animal; it's also a useful animal that can do a lot of
work.

B. The following conjunctions are used to join two ideas that are opposites.
1. Although she was sick, she still went to school
2. she was sick, but she still went to school
3. He was very fast in spite of being terribly overweight.
4. They arrived late despite leaving in plenty of time.
5. He works slowly and precisely whereas I tend to rush things and make mistakes.
6. Tom is very extrovert and confident while Katy's shy and quiet.
7. the path was dark, yet I slowly found my way.
8. Rufus has been living in the village for over a decade. Nevertheless, the villagers
still consider him to be an outsider.
9. I would like to go; however, I had better not.
C. The following conjunctions are used to express a result of an action or a
condition.

1. hurry up, otherwise we'll be late.

2. We stopped talking so (that) we could hear the music.
3. She didn't like the pudding; consequently, she threw it all away.
4. She was late as a result of the heavy snow.
5. She didn't do any of the homework, and thus, she failed the test.
6. Rodriguez was injured and therefore he was unable to play.

D. The following conjunctions are used to express a purpose.

1. In order to pass the exams, you have to study a lot.
2. They woke up early in order not to be late.
3. To pass the exams, you have to study a lot.
4. He turned down the music so (that) he wouldn't disturb the neighbors.
5. I stopped there for a chat.

E. The following conjunctions are used to give a reason.

1. for the reason that:
a) I ran because I was afraid.
b) She stayed home as she had no money.
c) He shouted for joy.
d) Since you've finished all your chores, you may go out and play.

2. because of = due to
a) The accident happened because of carelessness.
b) The picnic has been canceled due to bad weather.

F. The following conjunctions are used to indicate time.

1. Call me after your arrival.

2. He left long before morning came.
3. I’ll call you as soon as I arrive.
4. You will pass the test as long as you study hard.
5. The sun will be setting by the time I get home. 
6. I'll stay here until ten.
7. I fell asleep while reading.
8. She was out when I called.

G. Complete the table based on the expressions above by classifying the

conjunctions. See the examples.
Time Result Contrast Purpose Addition Reason
Before Otherwise Although In order to And Because
H. Rewrite as one sentence using the conjunction given.

1. We're having salad for lunch. We're not very hungry. (so)
2. He's very sleepy today. He went to bed very late last night. (because)
3. It looks very near. It's quite a long way away. (although)

I. such... that

1. That house is such a scary place that no one wants to go inside it.
2. Bandung is such a big city that it's easy to get lost.
3. Bears are such powerful animals that they can kill you with one swing of an arm.

"Such that" is similar to "so." It expresses a quality that is large or small in amount.
It's used with adjectives that come before nouns.

J. Complete each sentence by choosing "so" or "such."

1. That movie was_______funny!

2. It was _______a funny movie! We saw it three times.
3. It was _______a hot day yesterday.
4. It rained_______much last night, school was cancelled for today.

K. Complete each sentence by choosing "so" or "such" and "that."

1. The movie has been ___such____ a big success, ___that____ a sequel is going to
be made.
2. They're ____so_____ excited ____that___ they can't get to sleep.
3. It was ____such____ a big explosion ___that_____ it was heard several miles
away.
4. Henry's ____so______ rich ____that____ he doesn't need to work, but he does
anyway.

L. Complete each sentence by underlining either "because," "because of," or "due

to."

1. They bought the couch (because / because of) it was on sale.

2. Sarah wants to go to the salon today (because / because of) her hair needs a trim.
3. Diane missed her flight (due to / because) a traffic delay on her way to the airport.
4. The doctors said that the man's death was (due to / because) heart failure.
5. The company won't hire him (due to / because) he tested positive for drugs.
6. School was cancelled (due to / because) the bad weather.
M. Complete each sentence with one of the sentence parts in the box. Underline the
conjunction in your sentence. The first one has been done for you.
A. because it had started to rain. F. so you’re not tired in the morning.
B. as soon as you’ve done your homework. G. before you start to paint.
C. where I had spilled the juice. H. since I last saw my cousin.
D. so he could show it to his friends. I. until it is soft enough to eat.
E. in case the ground is muddy. J. while their dad cooked dinner.

1. The children went inside.

 The children went inside because it had started to rain.
2. He took his new laptop to school _________________________________
3. Put on your apron _________________________________
4. The children played in the garden _________________________________
5. Wear your boots _________________________________
6. You can watch a video _________________________________
7. There was a mark on the carpet _________________________________
8. Cook the pasta _________________________________
9. Go to bed early _________________________________
10. It’s been six months _________________________________

N. Choose the best answer.

1. Jack always brushes his teeth ___ he has eaten a meal.
A. while B. and C. or D. after

2. It started to rain ___ the children were playing in the garden.

A. while B. since C. or D. and

3. Let's go home ___ it gets dark.

A. but B. until C. when D. since

4. Give this letter to Anne ___ you see her.

A. since B. until C. when D. before

5. She has known Jack ___ he was a child.

A. since B. when C. after D. as

6. The party began at 8:00 P.M. and lasted ___ midnight.

A. since B. until C. while D. as

7. Alice looked unhappy ___ she walked in.

A. or B. and C. as D. since

8. I asked for some bread ___ butter.

A. when B. until C. and D. as

9. Sarah is a good singer ___ a poor dancer.

A. as B. but C. until D. after

10. Are you going by train ___ by bus?

A. while B. since C. or D. as
11. ______to celebrate the International Red Cross Day, we are going to hold a blood donor
at school.
A. Up B. Due C. so D. In order

12. Taylor Swift won many awards such as Album of the Year for Fearless, ______Best Female
Country Vocal Performance and Best Country Song for “White Morse".
A. as good as B. as long as C. as well as D. as soon as

13. Taylor Swift's appearance and performance are simple _____charming.

A. and B. but C. or D. as

14. ______one of the most popular visitor attractions in Australia, more than eight million people visit
the site each year.
A. As B. And C. Although D. Because

15. Florence Nightingale was born in 1820 to a wealthy English family. She decided in her teens to
become a nurse, ______her parents disapproved.
A. because B. however C. although D. therefore

16. _____you don't tell me, I’ll go and tell the government or even the king that you're a
robber”
A. As B. so C. For D. If

17. The woodcutter was frightened of his wife when she was angry. ____he told the secret.
A. So B. As C. Moreover In addition to

18. The young man arrived in a village which was terrorized by a pack of ferocious dogs.
______everybody had advised him not to wander there, the young man insisted on going into the
wood where dogs lived, and, too much amazement, he returned without even a scratch.
A. Therefore B. Although C. Moreover D. Furthermore

19. Every morning the children play with a slide. ____there is only one slide; they have to take turns
on the slide.
A. Since B. Besides C. Although D. Otherwise

20. ______the clouds were angry, water usually came out of their bodies. It meant rain for
the people on earth.
A. Because of B. Otherwise C. When D. In order to

21. The children had found something. It was big, reddish-brown and made of metal. ____I looked at
it, I knew immediately that it was an old bomb!
A. When B. While C. Before D. As long as

22. I had a funny experience when I had to catch a train for the first time. I have never traveled on
train….
A. After that B. Then C. After D. Before

23. Tectonic earthquake is the most common one. This kind of earthquake happens while earth's
crust rocks break______the geological strength created by moving of the earth's plates.
A. so B. So that C. moreover D. because of
24. Turtles are classified as amniotes, along with other reptiles, birds, and mammals. Like other
amniotes, turtles breathe air and do not lay eggs underwater,______many species live in or
around water.
A. Although B. Because C. As a result D. Consequently

25. _____extreme weather, our school is closing 4 hours earlier, at 11.00 a.m.
A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Due to D. In order to