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    Damping Dyna

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    sbhari
    This document discusses damping in ANSYS/LS-Dyna simulations. It defines damping as the energy dissipation mechanism that causes vibrations to diminish over time. Damping can be viscous or hysteresis. ANSYS/LS-Dyna allows specifying Rayleigh damping constants alpha and beta, where alpha represents viscous damping and beta represents hysteresis damping. Formulas are provided to calculate alpha and beta from a known damping ratio and frequency for a given model. An example of applying alpha and beta damping to a cantilever beam model is also presented.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Damping Dyna

    Uploaded by

    sbhari
    480 views15 pages
    This document discusses damping in ANSYS/LS-Dyna simulations. It defines damping as the energy dissipation mechanism that causes vibrations to diminish over time. Damping can be viscous or hysteresis. ANSYS/LS-Dyna allows specifying Rayleigh damping constants alpha and beta, where alpha represents viscous damping and beta represents hysteresis damping. Formulas are provided to calculate alpha and beta from a known damping ratio and frequency for a given model. An example of applying alpha and beta damping to a cantilever beam model is also presented.

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    This document discusses damping in ANSYS/LS-Dyna simulations. It defines damping as the energy dissipation mechanism that causes vibrations to diminish over time. Damping can be viscous or hysteresis. ANSYS/LS-Dyna allows specifying Rayleigh damping constants alpha and beta, where alpha represents viscous damping and beta represents hysteresis damping. Formulas are provided to calculate alpha and beta from a known damping ratio and frequency for a given model. An example of applying alpha and beta damping to a cantilever beam model is also presented.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    480 views15 pages

    Damping Dyna

    Uploaded by

    sbhari
    This document discusses damping in ANSYS/LS-Dyna simulations. It defines damping as the energy dissipation mechanism that causes vibrations to diminish over time. Damping can be viscous or hysteresis. ANSYS/LS-Dyna allows specifying Rayleigh damping constants alpha and beta, where alpha represents viscous damping and beta represents hysteresis damping. Formulas are provided to calculate alpha and beta from a known damping ratio and frequency for a given model. An example of applying alpha and beta damping to a cantilever beam model is also presented.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 15

    Damping in ANSYS/LS-Dyna ANSYS/LS D

    Prepared by: Steven Hale, M.S.M.E S l S Senior Engineering Manager

    Damping
    ANSYS/LS-Dyna allows Rayleigh damping constants and only only. What is damping? The energy dissipation mechanism that causes vibrations to diminish over time and eventually stop. Amount of damping mainly depends on the material, velocity of motion, and frequency of vibration. Can be classified as:

    Viscous damping
    Damping ratio R l i h mass-weighted d Rayleigh i ht d damping constant i t t

    Hysteresis or solid damping


    Rayleigh stiffness-weighted damping constant

    Damping
    Most damping in an ANSYS dynamics analysis is approximated as some form of viscous damping:

    & F = Cx
    The proportionality constant c is called the damping constant. The amount of damping is usually described using a quantity called the damping ratio (ratio of damping constant c to critical damping constant cc*). Critical damping is defined as the threshold between oscillatory and non-oscillatory behavior, where damping ratio = 1.0.
    *For a single-DOF spring mass system of mass m and frequency , cc = 2m

    Damping
    Rayleigh damping constants and

    Used as multipliers of [M] and [K] to calculate [C]:


    [C] = [M] + [K] /2 + /2 = Where is the frequency, and is the damping ratio.

    Needed in situations where damping ratio cannot be specified. Alpha is the viscous damping component, and Beta is the hysteresis or solid or stiffness damping component.

    Damping
    Alpha Damping p p g Also known as mass damping. Good for damping out low-frequency system-level oscillations (typically high amplitude). If beta damping is ignored, can be calculated from a known value of (damping ratio) and a known frequency : = 2 2

    Only one value of alpha is allowed, so pick the most dominant response frequency to calculate .

    Dampi ing Ratio

    Frequency

    Damping
    Beta Damping Also known as structural or stiffness damping. Good for damping out high-frequency component-level oscillations ( yp (typically low amplitude). y p ) Inherent property of most materials. If alpha damping is ignored, can be calculated from a known value of (damping ratio) and a known frequency : = 2/

    Pick the most dominant response frequency to calculate .

    Damping Ra atio

    Frequency

    Damping
    To specify both and damping: Use the relation /2 + /2 = Since there are two unknowns, assume that the sum of alpha and beta damping gives a constant damping ratio over the frequency range 1 to 2. This gives two simultaneous equations from which y g q you can solve for and . = /21 + 1/2 = /22 + 2/2
    Dam mping Ratio

    Frequency

    Damping
    The damping ratio, can be obtained from test data as follows ratio ,

    Calculate the logarithmic decrement, , as follows:

    = ln(x1/x2)
    X1 and X2 are two consecutive displacements, one cycle apart. displacements apart
    8

    Damping

    (2 ) +
    2 2

    Damping Example
    Cantilever beam with an impulse load applied to the tip

    10

    Damping Example
    Tip deflection: = 76.9 cycles/s = 483 rad/s 76 9

    = ln(0.061/0.033) = 0.614 = 0.097 = 2 = 93.7 s-1 or = 2/ = 0.0004 s


    11

    Damping Example
    Alpha damping

    Same alpha damping applied to all parts


    Preprocessor > Material Props > Damping Set the part number to All parts and do not specify a curve ID

    12

    Damping Example
    Alpha damping

    Time-varying alpha damping applied to a specific part


    Create a curve ID for alpha damping vs. time and identify it in the damping input window. p Utility Menu > Parameters > Array Parameters > Define/Edit Dimension and fill the time and alpha vectors

    13

    Damping Example

    Generate a curve that relates the alpha to time


    Preprocessor > LS-Dyna Options > Loading Options > Curve Options > Add Curve

    Assign the curve to the appropriate part


    P Preprocessor > Material P M t i l Props > D Damping i

    14

    Damping Example
    Beta damping

    Constant beta damping applied to a specific part


    Preprocessor > Material Props > Damping Use a specific part number and do not specify a curve ID

    15

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