FAKULTI TEKNOLOGI KEJURUTERAAN

MEKANIKAL DAN PEMBUATAN

UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

BMMS 1013 INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS

CASE STUDY

ROLE OF IOT IN HVAC

NAMES & 1. Ilham Fakhrullah Bin Zahari B092210272

MATRIX
2. Muhammad Azizi Bin Abdul Aziz B092210265
NUMBER
3. Muhammad Fawzy Bin Mohamad B092210408

4. Raziq Aimarr Bin Ahmad Azam B092210276

PROGRAMME 1 BMMS
SEMESTER /
1/2022-2023
YEAR
NAME OF
En Mohd Noor Asril Bin Saadun
INSTRUCTOR
EXAMINER’S COMMENT VERIFICATION
STAMP

TOTAL MARKS :

REV NO DESCRIPTION DATE OF REVISION

01
02
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. IoT in HVAC ……………………………………………………………………………… 1

2. Objectives IoT in HVAC systems ……………………………………………………. 2

3. How IoT’s improves operations in HVAC ………………………………………….. 3

3.1. Preventative Maintenance …………………………………………………………. 4

3.2. Energy Efficiency ……………………………………………………………………. 5

3.3. Remote System Monitoring and Control ………………………………………….. 6

3.4. Regulatory Compliance ……………………………………………………………... 7

3.5. Recurring Service Plans …………………………………………………………….. 8

4. Conclusions ………………………………………………………………………………. 9

5. References …………………………………………………………………………………. 10
1.0 IoT In HVAC

For obvious reasons, HVAC systems have historically been called "energy guzzlers." As a
result, the idea of smart HVAC was established, and as a result of the IoT, it has since
advanced even further. HVAC control systems now incorporate a number of sensors in
addition to conventional thermostat programming. It sends data to the cloud for processing,
enabling automation, predictive maintenance, digital ticketing workflows, and remote asset
monitoring to reduce energy consumption and maximise occupant comfort. IoT sensors are
being used more frequently in the HVAC industry to monitor and manage equipment. High-
tech solutions have long been adopted by huge industrial firms, so this is nothing new.
However, in recent times, firms of all sizes have begun to take advantage of high-tech,
reasonably priced solutions.

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning make up the HVAC sector. Federal and state
laws have a major role in this sector's development. It is one of the biggest consumers of
energy and is constantly looking for clever technology that is also environmentally benign.
Because of this, the HVAC industry was among the first to use IoT technology to improve
system efficiency and provide significant cost savings. The rapidly developing Internet of
Things (IoT) technologies have the potential to alter the heating, ventilation, and air
conditioning (HVAC) industries.HVAC systems and appliances can now communicate with us
in novel ways thanks to the Internet of Things. IoT devices come with a range of sensors that
are linked together to exchange data. Smart thermostats and sensors that track environmental
changes make up IoT-enabled HVAC.
2.0 Objectives IoT In HVAC System

There are various purposes or uses of IoT in everyday life. IoT has many benefits in various
fields such as business, health, transportation, agriculture and HVAC. IoT provides many and
wide benefits in its use in the field of HVAC.

The implementation of the "Internet of Things" in the modern world is progressing at

breakneck speed. Society is moving away from standalone devices and into the
interconnected realm. Such as applications in different areas of life. B. IoT is pervasive,
including personal devices, retail, power distribution, and financial services.

One such application area for IoT is the smart home, and more specifically the heating,
ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) industry. According to a report by Zion Market
Research, the global intelligent HVAC controls market is expected to reach nearly US$28.3
billion by 2025, up from US$8.3 billion in 2018. As a first step, allow remote control of the
device. Further development leads to predictive thermostat control based on usage history.

For example, a thermostat sends usage patterns for the last seven days to a cloud
server. Simply recording and displaying this data does not meet the smart requirements. What
we need is to manipulate this data using machine learning algorithms. Only then can you call
something intelligent.
3.0 How IoT’s Improves Operations In HVAC

The definition of Smart HVAC has changed thanks to the Internet of Things (IoT). The industry
has grown from thermostats with simple programming capabilities to include an array of sensor
types that provide data to algorithms and apps to make remote adjustments.

IoT devices communicate and analyze data to monitor and improve systems. The
information collected is useful for automation, maintenance planning, and optimization of a
building’s systems. The growing prevalence of IoT within residential and commercial buildings
drives the industry towards more cost-effective and advanced tools for managers and owners
to meet energy and efficiency goals.

Within the HVAC industry specifically, IoT is useful in tracking vibration, airflow, pollutants,
number of occupants, weather conditions, and more. Monitoring key stress indicators and
remote analysis improves troubleshooting and makes preventive maintenance easier to
establish. Smart HVAC and IoT together improves metering and optimization feedback.
Owners and managers can meet energy consumption and efficiency benchmarks while
managing occupant comfort and IAQ.

IoT gives companies opportunities to intelligently monitor and control the performance and
condition of HVAC systems. The HVAC sector has adopted IoT as an additional tool to assist
consumers monitor the functioning of their systems. Through Wi-Fi-connected sensors that
are constantly gathering data and interacting with a computer or mobile applications, an IoT-
connected HVAC system enables its user to do real-time monitoring. Here are the five primary
ways companies use to improve these operations which is:

✓ Preventative Maintenance
✓ Energy Efficiency
✓ Remote System Monitoring and Control
✓ Regulatory Compliance
✓ Recurring Service Plans
3.1 Preventative Maintenance

IoT links HVAC users and service providers. It provides contractors with maintenance
information. Even more advanced IoT exist. When there is an emergency, more sophisticated
IoT arranges maintenance or calls for technicians. HVAC professionals can adopt a more
condition-based approach to preventative maintenance with the integration of IoT sensors.
The contractors may access and evaluate the real-time data that the sensors collect from
HVAC systems and upload it to a cloud-based platform

Without real-time condition data, service calls frequently result in time and money loss
since HVAC companies may dispatch a junior technician to identify and resolve issues only to
discover they require assistance from a senior expert. The profitability of the truck roll may
also be impacted if they send a senior tech to work on a problem that a junior one could handle.
The procedure can grow costly and time-consuming.

Sensors can be changed. They are able to recognise water leaks and turn off a system
immediately. A filthy filter that has to be replaced will be indicated. Send out a warning that a
blower is operating slowly and impairing system efficiency. When technicians arrive to the unit,
they already have access to crucial diagnostic data. It provides a head start on identifying and
solving the issue. Faster response times are offered by smart HVAC systems. They set up
predictable schedules and more precise repair evaluations. even while clients are not on the
premises. IoT analyzes historical HVAC data to predict potential failures. It also estimates
when maintenance should be performed. Preventive maintenance increases the lifespan of
HVAC systems. It also saves repair costs.
3.2 Energy Efficiency

The ability to get sensor readings for various HVAC components on a budget is now more
feasible than ever thanks to falling technology costs and an increase in wireless technology
availability. Additionally, building operators now have access to a variety of HVAC data points,
including temperature, pressure, flow rate, and gas concentration, thanks to recent
developments in data storage and cloud computing.

Smart building HVAC controls help optimize the amount of conditioned (i.e., heated or
cooled) air supplied throughout a building. Smart controls optimize airflow using data provided
by CO2 levels, occupancy, temperature, humidity, duct static pressure, and air quality sensors,
and modulate the amount of airflow in one area without starving or over ventilating another.

IoT sensors installed on HVAC equipment can increase energy efficiency by

monitoring usage trends and even taking weather predictions into account because they
provide access to real-time data. The end effect is improved interior climate management with
little electricity use. HVAC systems can be a significant component of IoT-enabled smart grids
thanks to connectivity.
3.3 Remote System Monitoring And Control

Traditional HVAC systems merely function until they stop. Problem-solving involves a
combination of knowledge, tools, time, and effort. IoT technology makes remote system
monitoring possible, enabling homeowners, property managers, and HVAC contractors to
identify issues from a distance by consulting a smartphone app or online portal.

For instance, although some sensors track vital information like pressure, vibration,
flow, temperature, humidity, on-off cycles, and fault tolerance, others give fast leak detection.
Technicians have the insights they need to precisely assess the system's status thanks to
access to this information, which is available at a fine degree of detail. Understanding how the
IoT protocols and standards you employ might affect the kinds of data you can gather and
how that data is used is crucial.

For businesses handling perishable or dangerous materials, maintaining inventory at

the proper temperature with energy management solutions is crucial. IoT solutions offer
capability for quality inspection and temperature management.

The software gives businesses the ability to stand out from the competition by
providing greater value through cutting-edge machinery and creating a setting that is more
welcoming to customers.They keep an eye on the commercial refrigerators in restaurants to
make sure the temperature is always maintained. Remote monitoring is possible for the walk-
in food storage units' temperature control systems, which also alerts users when a product is
starting to spoil.
3.4 Regulatory Compliance

Most HVAC companies must employ a field agent to conduct routine inspections of equipment
to ensure it complies with regulations. Additionally, many buildings and homes are seeking for
ways to demonstrate compliance with government or corporate environmental standards in
light of rising concerns and obligations around sustainability and air quality.

Compliance is often difficult to obtain and record because of HVAC systems that are
not connected to one another. This necessitates a large amount of documentation and
frequent manual audits of the system.

With the development of IoT smart HVAC, this procedure has become considerably
easier. System data in real time can be recorded and stored for further analysis; furthermore,
some software solutions can automatically generate reports from this data to demonstrate
compliance.
3.5 Recurring Services Plans

Commonly, a substantial amount of an HVAC company's revenue comes from service

contracts and maintenance guarantees. Service visits, whether scheduled or unscheduled, by
contractors and technicians may be part of the terms of a warranty.

Contractors no longer need to make seasonal visits to the site to deliver the same level
of service when HVAC solutions enabled by the Internet of Things are in place. Instead, they
can provide a genuine hardware-as-a-service approach by proactively monitoring and
managing the HVAC system and only dispatching technicians when absolutely necessary.

Through the Internet of Things (IoT), HVAC companies can give their clients access to
real-time data in the form of dashboards that display energy consumption, usage patterns,
energy-saving advice, and even remote control capabilities. Bundling these items with service
contracts is a great way to increase your monthly recurring income.

The Internet of Things also enables a brand-new usage-based pricing model for the
HVAC industry. Contractors in the HVAC industry can now instal smart HVAC systems and
bill customers on a monthly basis depending on usage, much like how smartphones are
marketed today, where the cost of the phone is packaged into a monthly contract with little or
no money down at the time of purchase.
4.0 Conclusion

In conclusion, IoT does have a lot of benefits and significant changes in HVAC technology
nowadays. The application of IoT can be implemented in various areas of life, including for
medical and health interests, agriculture, energy, environment, transportation, home
automation and not to mention in the field of HVAC. The widespread use of IoT in HVAC
technology should provide a lot of convenience to the whole level in the field of HVAC
especially to customers to use it.

Not just in the HVAC industry but also in other sectors, more businesses and startups
are entering this market. 8.1 billion connected devices were in use globally in 2017, up 31%
from the year before, according to Gartner Inc.

Wide-scale implementation of machine learning algorithms logically follows the first

step of communication and connectivity. Using those techniques, it will be feasible to
incorporate more variables for improved user comfort. The HVAC sector will have a bright
future as a result of the exponential growth in user comfort and energy savings.

IoT will hopefully be introduced and used more frequently in the HVAC industry.
Additionally, it is envisaged that IoT in the HVAC industry would bring about additional
improvements with a bigger impact and enable it to compete in other markets.
5.0 References

5.1 NOTES
- IoT Applications – Part 1, Mohd Noor Asril Bin Saadun, BMMS 1013, UTeM.
- IoT Applications – Part 2, Mohd Noor Asril Bin Saadun, BMMS 1013, UTeM.
- Internet Of Things – WEB, BMMS 1013, U-Learn@UTeM.

5.2 INTERNET
- https://www.niagahoster.co.id/blog/iot-adalah/
- https://www.ritetempnyc.com/7-advantages-of-integrating-iot-in-hvac-
systems/
- https://www.iotforall.com/smart-hvac