Lyceum of the Philippines University

Muralla cor Real Street, Intramuros Manila

College of Technology

TITLE PAGE

DEMETER: Online Market Place with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic
Programming Algorithm

A Thesis Project
Presented to the Faculty of the
College of Technology
Lyceum of the Philippines University

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science

by:

Cordano, Hygen Jr. Z.

Paraiso, Clarrence M.

September 2021
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A product online marketplace's objective is to assist vendors in increasing their sales and

profits. There are numerous ways used in goods online marketplaces, and none of them are

definitively correct or incorrect. Trends have evolved over time, largely due to the mindset of

academics on the lookout for new possibilities. This study explored on the agricultural products

using dynamic programming algorithm to design a software program named "Online Agricultural

Marketplace System (DEMETER)". This software would assist farmers in raising their sales and

revenues from harvests. The integration of ICT with agriculture may enable farmers to respond to

client inquiries and adjust product stocks and prices easily. Since the COVID-19 pandemic

happens, the agricultural sector is struggling to cope up. With the ability of ICT Infrastructure, the

profit loss of the farmers, as well as businesses can be retrieved. The effects of integrating

information communication technologies into the agricultural supply chain have been investigated.

A dynamic algorithm can be used to solve complex optimization problems, such as those faced by

computer programmers. It uses the fact that the best solution to the overall problem is dependent

on the optimal solution to its subproblems, rather than just the best overall solution. Researchers

employed descriptive research to collect, analyze, and present data that demonstrate how a web-

based marketplace system can assist farmers in incorporating computer technology into the

agricultural supply chain. The design is solely concerned with describing the nature of the segment

in which the researchers are interested, rather than with explaining why a particular phenomenon

occurs. The questionnaire's structure was determined by previous research, related literature, and

published and unpublished theses. Researchers employed descriptive research solely concerned

with describing the nature of the segment in which the researchers are interested, rather than with

explaining why a particular phenomenon occurs.

RECOMMENDATION
APPROVAL SHEET
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

First and foremost, the proponents would like to express their gratitude to the Almighty

God for His unflinching love, grace, and provision. We express our gratitude for guiding us

through life's difficulties. You, Lord, are deserving of all glory and honor.

Without the expertise of Dr. Erlito Albina, our beloved thesis supervisor, this study would

not have been possible. Additionally, the proponents like to express their gratitude to their

esteemed lecturers, Ms. Corazon Adriano, Dr. Arlene Caballero, and Mr. Christian Terrence B.

Esguerra.

Finally, but certainly not least, we would like to express our gratitude to our family and

friends for their unwavering support and inspiration.

The proponents wish to express their heartfelt gratitude to each and every one of you.
 DEDICATION

This study is dedicated entirely to our loved ones, particularly to our wonderful parents, who

have been a source of strength and inspiration and who have provided us with moral, spiritual,

emotional, and material support on a continuous basis.

Finally, and maybe most significantly, the proponents dedicate this work to God, the King of

monarchs and great provider. Our Lord, we owe it all to You.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARIES PAGE

TITLE PAGE . . . . . . . . i

ABSTRACT . . . . . . . . ii

RECOMMENDATION. . . . . . . iii

APPROVAL SHEET . . . . . . . iv

ACKNOWLEDGMENT . . . . . . v

DEDICATION . . . . . . vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . vii

LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . viii

CHAPTER

I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

1.1 Introduction . . . . . 1
1.2 Project Context . . . . 1-2
1.3 Statement of the Problem . . . 2-3
1.4 Objectives of the Study . . . 3-4
1.5 Significance of the Study . . . 4-5
1.6 Scope and Delimitation . . . 5-6
1.7 Operational Definition of Terms . . 7

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

2.1 Conceptual Framework. . . . 8
2.2 Related Literature and Studies . . 9-22
2.3 Synthesis . . . . . 22-23

III. DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Design . . . . . 24
3.2 Population and Sample . . . . 25
 3.3 Research Instrument . . . . 26
3.4 Methods of Data Gathering. . . . 27
3.5 Ethical Consideration . . . . 27-29
3.6 Data Case Analysis . . . . 29-30
3.7 Statistical Method . . . . 30-31
3.8 Requirements Specification . . . 31
3.8.1 System Architecture . . . 31
3.8.2 Software and Hardware . . . 31-34
3.3 Analysis and Design . . . . 35
3.3.1 System Development Life Cycle . 35-36
3.3.2 UML Diagram . . . . 37
3.3.2.1 Application System Diagram . 37
3.3.2.2 Data Flow Diagram . . 38-42
3.3.2.3 Use Case Diagram . 43
3.3.2.4 Class Diagram . . . 44-45
3.3.2.5 Activity Diagram . . 45
3.3.2.6 Sequence Diagram . . 46
3.3.2.7 Database Design (ERD) . 47-48
3.3.2.8 Data Dictionary . . 48-49
3.3.2.9 System Storyboard . . 49-52

3.4 Testing and Evaluation . . . . 52

3.4.1 Test Plan. . . . . 52-54
3.4.2 Test Case Document . . . 54-55
3.4.3 Evaluation Plan . . . . 56
3.4.4 Evaluation Tool . . . . 57-59
3.4.5 Deployment Plan . . . 59-60

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . . . 61-73

V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS
AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary of Findings . . . . . 74
Conclusions . . . . . . 74-76
Recommendation . . . . . 76-77

BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
A. Reference
B. Topic Proposal
C. Tables
D. Questionnaire
E. UML Diagrams (Use Case, Class, Activity Diagram, Sequence Diagram)
F. Sample screen output
 G. Defense Pictures
H. Gantt Chart
I. User’s Manual & Technical Specifications
J. Software Evaluation and Computation of Results
K. Source Code
L. Figures
M. Action Taken on Comments and Recommendations
N. Evaluation Scores
O. Grammarian Certificate
CURRICULUM VITAE
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Conceptual Framework . . . . . . . 8

Figure 2: Dynamic Programming Algorithm . . . . . . 18
Figure 3: Equivalent Reward (2) Points . . . . . . 21
Figure 4: Equivalent Reward (4) Points . . . . . . 21
Figure 5: Equivalent Reward (6) Points . . . . . . 21
Figure 6: Low Level of Accumulated Points . . . . . . 22
Figure 7: Agile Methodology . . . . . . . . 35-36
Figure 8: Application System Diagram . . . . . . 37
Figure 9: Data Flow Diagram (DFD) . . . . . . . 38
Figure 10: Data Flow Diagram (Seller) . . . . . . 39
Figure 11: Data Flow Diagram (Buyer) . . . . . . 40
Figure 12: Data Flow Diagram (Admin) . . . . . . 41
Figure 13: Data Flow Diagram (User Profile System) . . . . 42
Figure 14: Use-Case Diagram . . . . . . . 43
Figure 15: Class Diagram . . . . . . . . 44-45
Figure 16: Activity Diagram . . . . . . . . 45
Figure 17: Sequence Diagram . . . . . . . 46
Figure 18: Database Diagram . . . . . . . . 47-48
Figure 19: System Storyboard (Home Page) . . . . . . 49-50
Figure 20: System Storyboard (User Registration) . . . . . 50
Figure 21: System Storyboard (User Profile) . . . . . . 51
Figure 22: System Storyboard (Marketplace) . . . . . . 52
Figure 23: Agile Testing Methodology . . . . . . 53
Figure 24: ISO 9126 Standard Reference . . . . . . 56
Figure 25: Internet (a) . . . . . . . . . 59
Figure 26: Cloud (b) . . . . . . . . . 59
Figure 27: Community Deployment (c) . . . . . . 60
Figure 28: Type of End-user . . . . . . . . 62
 Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTINGS

Introduction

Nowadays, innovative technology is attempting to build ecommerce, which is synonymous

with product online marketplaces; the platform that connects all types of vendors into a one-stop

shop where customers can not only compare prices but also shop for the best deals. A product

online marketplace's objective is to assist vendors in increasing their sales and profits using digital

technology to connect with customers. Additionally, most of the online market research enables

researchers to determine the methods by which suppliers will be able to supply their products

consistently and effectively. There are numerous ways used in goods online marketplaces, and

none of them are definitively correct or incorrect. Trends have evolved over time, largely due to

the mindset of prominent academics on the lookout for new possibilities.

Project Context

In 2015, the agricultural industry in the country increased production by 0.19 percent, with

CALABARZON placing third out of sixteen regions with a 2.39 percent growth. The agriculture

subsector remained negative despite improvements, with rice paddies losing 3.12 percent (Perido,

2016). This scenario is no longer valid at the moment. Rice Tariffication Law or the Republic Act

No. 11203, resulted in a substantial decline in farmgate prices. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted

in quarantine restrictions decreased foot traffic, resulting in limited food access with the utilization

of ICT in the Philippine agricultural sector It may allow the farmers to manage some of their

commercial processes in a simple and cost-effective manner.

1
 Technology is significantly used in agriculture to manufacture and transport agricultural

goods from producers to consumers. It has been a component of the industry since the

commencement of the industrial revolution. These technological advancements significantly

impact conventional agriculture, resulting in a more efficient and dependable agri-industry.

Agriculture has profited substantially from the use of digital technologies. We must empower and

strengthen these procedures in the future, despite all of the lockdowns. To reduce the spread of

COVID-19, the Department of Agriculture developed the "eKadiwa" digital marketing platform,

which connects agricultural producers with buyers throughout the extended community

quarantine. As demand grows, many leading industries turn to technology to deliver new value

and profit opportunities.

This study explored on the agricultural products using dynamic programming algorithm to

design a software program named "Online Agricultural Marketplace System (DEMETER)" to

better examine the existing scenario. This software would assist farmers in raising their sales and

revenues from harvests. The integration of ICT with agriculture may enable farmers to respond to

client inquiries and adjust product stocks and prices easily and economically using this system.

Statement of the Problem

To alleviate farmers' burdens, the researchers undertook a study aimed at developing an

online market system that would assist farmers in increasing their profitability and marketing

capabilities.

Specifically, the researchers aim to answer the following research questions:

1. What are the challenges being encountered by the farmers in selling their products through

the market?

2
 2. What agricultural online marketplace system can be design that will aid farmers in raising

their sales and revenues from harvests?

3. What web application for online marketplace can be develop that will utilize dynamic

programming algorithm?

4. How well does the DEMETER online agricultural marketplace system adhere to the

Software Development Quality Standards in terms of

a. Functionality

b. Reliability

c. Usability

Research Objective

The DEMETER is an online marketplace where consumers and sellers may buy

agricultural products and have them delivered to their homes. And this system, there is an

inventory for a seller account, where the seller may create, read, edit, and remove things. In

addition, DEMETER incorporates a Dynamic Programming Algorithm for its reward system.

Purchasing from DEMETER: "Online Agricultural Market System" keeps you safe at home while

helping our local agri-businesses. DEMETER also allows customers who choose not to visit local

markets and grocery stores. Customers in Region 4-A are eligible to use the service.

This research aims to create "DEMETER: Online Agricultural Market System" that will

aid farmers in raising their sales and revenues from harvests. The technology is also meant to

benefit the Philippine agricultural industry and the parties involved in the agribusiness sector. It

can uncover trends and indicators that would have been lost in the sea of data without the usage of

data analytics tools. This data can then be utilized to optimize operations to boost an organization's

overall efficiency and performance. In addition, this study will elaborate on the benefits that

3
DEMETER can contribute to the agricultural industry, such as the consumer's ability to purchase

from an online market (DEMETER).

Specific Objectives

• To identify the challenges being encountered by the farmers in selling their products

through the market.

• To design an agricultural online marketplace system that will aid farmers in raising their

sales and revenues from harvests.

• To develop a web application for online marketplace that will utilize dynamic

programming algorithm.

• To evaluate the system using ISO 9126 in terms of functionality, reliability, and usability.

Significance of the Study

The purpose of this study is to make an online marketplace platform that will assist farmers

in increasing their profitability and marketing capabilities. Additionally, the technology is meant

to benefit the Philippine agricultural industry and the parties involved in the agricultural supply

chain. The findings of this study may be extremely significant and valuable in the following ways:

Farmers. The study's objective is to connect farmers with digital technology using a web-based

market system to take use of the technology's services and benefits. It will help them to increase

their profitability, find their market, and build communication with potential buyers.

Consumers. Through the online marketplace, the study aims to keep consumers informed about

the supply and demand for agricultural products in the market by using the proposed system.

4
Government. The study can assist the government in considering how to integrate technology into

agriculture to benefit farmers and strengthen the Philippines' ICT infrastructure. Since Philippines

is one of the countries that has poor ICT Infrastructure in logistics and supply chain.

Agricultural Industry. The purpose of this study is to increase agricultural product

commercialization by implementing a Web-based Market System into the supply chain and to

advocate for industry cooperation.

Researchers. The study presents a difficulty to the researcher at the moment, as data collection

and assimilation are tough in this pandemic era. Additionally, this study will assist them in

developing an understanding of the current state of the Philippines' ICT infrastructure, as well as

the agriculture economy.

Future Researchers. The study will serve a variety of functions in academia, including as a source

of sample data, a companion study, or a source of inspiration for future researchers.

Scope and Limitations

The objective of the study is to create and implement a web-based market system for

farmers in region 4-A with the goal of increasing their profitability and selling capacity. The

system's scope is confined to business-to-consumer (B2C) transactions, in which businesses can

deal with end-consumers and consumers can place orders with businesses. Additionally, the

system is restricted to the following capabilities:

Table 1: Demeter’s Difference in eKadiwa

eKadiwa Demeter

Platform for sellers and buyers. Platform for sellers and buyers.

5
 Limited to the areas of Laguna Implement for farmers in region 4-A

Data analytics for sales and cost of goods

purchased dashboard.

Provides the account details A user profile system where user can

personalize their profile.

Inquiry Service Messaging service.

Used Dynamic Programming Algorithm for

rewards system.

Inventory for a seller account Inventory for a seller account, where the seller

can create, read, update, and delete products in

the inventory.

Although the marketplace's goal is to facilitate the trade of commodities between two

identities, the system is limited to online bargaining via the chat service. That is, the system will

not handle payment operations and individuals participating in the transaction will have to

negotiate utilizing the application's chat service.

The study was limited to various representatives of farmers' organizations, groups, and

cooperatives in Region 4-A in order to determine the online application's compliance. Due to the

pandemic, the researchers chose Region 4-A because some of their family live there and are barred

from traveling to other places due to the quarantine.

Additionally, the analysis is limited to the agricultural sector, with all items involved in the

system being crops and their derivatives. Moreover, this study includes individuals from the

agricultural industry in the Philippines.

6
Operational Definition of Terms

To further understand the study, researchers used to define some of the words used:

• Admin – a person who is accountable for monitoring and regulating the system they have

developed.

• Buyer – the individual who will make a purchase through the marketplace system.

• COVID-19 – is a coronavirus infection induced by a novel coronavirus strain. Corona is

denoted by the letter CO, while virus is denoted by the letter VI, and disease is denoted by

the letter D.

• eCommerce - the selling and buying of items and mercies over the Internet, and the consign

of funds and other transaction-related data.

• Inventory – the totality of a business's merchandise, products, goods, and materials

available for sale in the market.

• Market - is a venue for the exchange of goods and services between two or more people.

The most frequently involved parties are buyers and sellers.

• Order - a record of the initial request for goods and services by a consumer.

• Profit – The gap between the proceeds from the sale of an output and the input expenses.

• Supply Chain – A supply chain is a collection of relationships among its suppliers and a

business for the purpose of distributing and manufacturing a certain product to the end user.

• Transaction - A contract between a buyer and a seller for the exchange of products,

services, or financial assets.

7
 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the synthesis of research, studies, and knowledge from different

experts and researchers that support the prior study. The existing ideas, knowledge, generalization,

and conclusions about the research topic are described and analyzed by the researchers to clarify

the relationship between this research and the work that is previously done.

Conceptual Framework

The researchers conceptualized the investigation using the paradigm outline below. The

higher symbol represents the business requirements, while the lower sign represents the technical

requirements and available technologies for developing the web-based marketplace system. The

central symbol depicts the researchers' process for designing the system. Finally, the last symbol

represents the study's final product, which includes the introduction of an online marketplace

system for farmers.

Figure 1: Conceptual Framework of the Study

8
The Philippine Rice Industry

In the Philippines, rice self-sufficiency is between 80 and 90 percent. The national average

rate of rice production is about 16.24 million tons per year, with Luzon being the primary producer

(Alavi et al., 2011).

The rice supply chain's farm-level operating drivers are small farmers who harvested their

rice. Local steel-huller mills often accept payment from farmers who want their harvest processed

and collectors who visit farms to organize trader-to-trader transactions. Millers, who may take title

to produce rice or get a commission from the prospected buyer, agents who establish the trade-off

between farmers, and merchants, who may purchase harvested rice from farmers and sell it to local

mills or sell milled rice to wholesalers (Alavi et al., 2011).

I. The Rice Tariffication Law

Republic Act No. 11203 or The Rice Tariffication Law (RTL) was enacted in

February 2019 in response to the growing rice costs for consumers (Filipino),

subsidization for National Food Authority (NFA) losses, and farmers remaining

impoverished as a result of NFA's monopoly on the rice market. After more than four

decades of fighting, the RTL removed the NFA's cartel, repealed perceptible

restrictions on imported wheat, and supplanted with a 35% import levy. It facilitated

the doorway of cost-effective rice from other countries, hence curtailing and

maintaining rice consumer costs. The possible impact of the new rule on local rice

growers was indeed a significant source of concern. With a 35% tariff on imported rice,

domestic prices and agricultural earnings would fall. The RTL includes the Rice

Competitiveness Enhancement Fund (RCEF), a rice farmer welfare program that

9
 leverages import duty revenue to assist local rice farmers in competing against

imported rice. As a direct effect of the repeal of the RTL, rice inflation has been

consistently below zero since the second quarter of 2019. As a result, rice prices have

decreased, but total inflation has remained unchanged. Lower and more stable rice costs

helped Filipino consumers. A rise in imports around the same period resulted in a

substantial reduction in farmgate prices for farmers. This, combined with the RCEF

program's poor implementation, sparked a surge of criticism of the law from a wide

range of interest groups. The year 2021( Ocampo & Pobre ).

II. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Production of Agricultural Production in the

Philippines

The COVID-19 epidemic has caused significant destruction around the globe,

threatening human health and safety, economic stability, and food security. The

lockdown, which includes movement limitations and physical distance constraints, has

worsened employment losses and led to the global economy collapsing, resulting in

greater poverty and inequality globally. According to (Rubiah et al., 2021), this is due

to worldwide consumer purchasing habits being impacted by inflation. Between

August 2019 and August 2020, global food prices rose by an average of 5.5 percent.

According to Adriano, F (2021) due to these events, concerns have been raised

about the durability of agricultural production systems and the effectiveness of rural

initiatives in alleviating hunger. Reaching this level of excitement and food insecurity,

particularly in a mainly agricultural country like the Philippines, raises questions about

the government's aims, agriculture, and trade policies. The country's import policy is

one of them. This country has been heavily reliant on food imports (Importing 75 % of

10
rice, maize, coffee, pig, chicken, beef, onion, garlic, and peanuts). Reliance imports are

mainly owing to a skewed agricultural productivity rate of 1.7-1.8 % from 2008 to 2018

and a population growth rate of 1.3 % over the same time.

The Freedom from Debt Coalition recently conducted a webinar to reiterate the

people's movement's ongoing criticism of the government's unwillingness to emphasize

agricultural growth and trade liberalization, which has resulted in the "collapse of the

country's agriculture and farm food system." Finally, since the start of trade

liberalization in the early 1990s, food importation policies and a lack of focus on

expanding the country's indigenous agricultural sector appear to be the major causes of

poor farm productivity and food insecurity. In this situation, promoting sustainable

agriculture is critical.

The COVID-19 pandemic influenced the agricultural value chain, resulting in labor

shortages and transportation of farm supplies and products, and increased food prices

due to an unstable economy and a shift in consumer tastes. Every commodity market

participant's collaboration will thus be necessary to guarantee a complete and

coordinated response to assuring food security at any time, notably during disasters.

(Gregorio & Ancog, 2020)

Several farmers and suppliers around the country report a loss in revenue during

the expanded community quarantine. The lockdown is likely to have a long-term

impact; however, forecasts for the remainder of 2020 are varied. The reason for the

decline is a reduction in assembler visits. Restriction on purchasing stations and

wholesale marketplaces also contributes to this. After assemblers got the DA food

permit, the number of trucks virtually returned to normal; nevertheless, the LGU

11
limited the number of persons (sellers, consumers, and their staff) who could physically

enter the premises, creating a sales slowdown ( FAO, 2021).

In CALABARZON, many farmers are using social media to boost production and

advertise agricultural goods. More farmers have started using essential agriculture-

related mobile apps in the Agricultural Training Institute–Central Luzon Digital

Farmers Program (DFP). This Agricultural Training helps farmers develop their

expertise and skills while also connecting them with current and prospective buyers to

sell their crops. Senior farmers and their younger, highly technical learning colleagues

participate in the program, including online training on basic technology platforms and

social media and networking developments.

The ATI-CL hopes that by matching elderly farmers with young people, ideally

their children or relatives, the project would encourage young people to get interested

in farming. Among the subjects addressed in the webinars were DFP lessons on

smartphone use, internet connectivity, Agri applications, and an introduction to online

marketing (Tecson, 2020).

Previously, funds were mainly allocated to market subsidies for specific crops and

goods and discounts on seed, planting supplies, and machinery. Although maintaining

the collection of principal components is critical, multilateral experience has shown

that allocating significant public expenditure to provide necessary goods—including

R&D activities, infrastructure, innovation systems, business knowledge systems, and

biosecurity systems—is critical. As a result of total agricultural modernization, poverty

reduction will be hastened, and efficiency improvements will be realized.

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 Farm restructuring improved extension programs, e-commerce, and agribusiness

start-ups. That will contribute to Philippine agriculture's modernization. (Llorito, 2020)

III. ICT Infrastructure in Philippine Agricultural Industry

E-government improves service delivery and strengthens interactions between the

public and commercial sectors by utilizing information and communications

technology and the government's Internet. More technologically sophisticated

countries have already started working on "Administration 3.0," which aspires to

produce a more effective, adequate, and transparent administration while enhancing

residents' quality of life.

The ICT-for-Development paradigm discusses scenarios in which new agricultural

technology enhances service delivery despite conventional public sector constraints. It

asserts that, despite being complex and appearing out of reach, 'digital tools' help

farmers improve their management and decision-making abilities. It also investigates

changes in stakeholder participation through official and informal communication

channels, such as ubiquitous mobile technology and social networks.

Integration of eCommerce Technology in Agriculture

The Online Laguna Agricultural Trading Center is an e-commerce website that serves as

an additional avenue for farmers to market their wares. It also enabled farmers to handle some of

their business operations straightforwardly and cost-effectively. Using its Short Message Service

function, the farmer may quickly and inexpensively respond to client inquiries and alter product

stocks and prices (Jain & Carandang, 2018)

13
 Taguig City - Food and Development Center held the opening of "Kadiwa ni Ani at Kita,"

a synergetic framework project of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), Departments of

Agriculture (DA), and Food Terminal Inc. (FTI), a public-sector and managed corporation, on

September 13, 2019. They are purchasing primary agricultural commodities at affordable rates to

assist impoverished Filipino households, bringing the DA's promise of an abundant crop and

productive farmers to fulfillment (Batad, 2019).

The Department of Agriculture (DA) introduced the "eKadiwa" digital marketing platform,

which connects agricultural producers to customers, during the prolonged enhanced community

quarantine (ECQ) to limit the spread of COVID-19. Under the deal, agripreneurs will permit to

sell a range of agricultural products at suggested retail prices, including vegetables, rice, and fruits.

The online buyer and the official program partner-participant online vendor or delivery service

business will engage in a contract for an exchange or sale, as well as the cost of logistics or delivery

(Ison, 2020).

Other Information Communication Technologies in Supply Chain and Logistics

Several industries are now reliant on the benefits of technological developments due to the

advent of technology. These developments will result in significant changes to how the industry's

operations function and new possibilities for industry groups.

In agriculture, technology plays a crucial role in the production and delivery of agricultural

goods from farmers to consumers. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, it has been a

part of the industry. These technological advancements significantly impact conventional

agriculture, resulting in a more efficient and dependable agri-industry. The data has been a critical

component of supply chain management and logistics. It has served as the foundation for supply

14
chain operations such as transaction execution and decision making. It connects all of the system's

drivers to coordinate supply flow (Chopra and Meindl, 2019). The availability and analysis of

information will become more accessible using information systems in logistics and supply chain

systems, driving the operations inside the methods to success. (Chopra and Meindl, 2019).

Many organizations are beginning to utilize integrated computerized quantitative models to

monitor and optimize inventory levels and movements as demand for information technology

grows. As demand grows, many leading industries utilize technology to generate new

opportunities for value and profitability (Kovács, 2007). Information systems are used in the

supply chain and logistics sectors to assess critical information that will simplify the movement

and flow of tasks throughout the supply chain system (Chopra and Meindl, 2019).

I. Information Systems

The impacts of incorporating information technology into the rice supply chain

have been empirical studies with limited studies. ( Sharma et al, 2013 ) propose

rethinking the supply chain as opposed to standard supply chain management.

According to the study's experts, coordination of information management

technologies that process data across multiple companies within the supply chain

system is essential to meet rice demand efficiently. They also emphasize the

significance of information sharing amongst supply chain actors. The suggested

framework demonstrates the use of an information management system to facilitate

communication between the two institutions. To fulfill consumer demand, retailers

with precise knowledge about customer demand connect with the rice processing firm

to determine the amount of rice produced.

15
 II. Traceability and Monitoring Technologies

According to an article published in the Indian Journal of Science and Technology

by (Lapada, 2019), A rice supply chain architecture with monitoring technologies has

remained established in Borongan City, Philippines. With a highly acceptable adjective

ranking, the monitoring program achieves an average weighted average of 4.60. The

system indicates that it adheres to software development quality standards such as ISO

9126 and ISO 25010, implying that the monitoring technologies used in agricultural

operations are trustworthy and efficient.

(Kumar et al., 2017) propose a technique for implementing traceability in the textile

supply chain to capture, organize, and communicate information. The framework's

primary goal is to gather and identify data for record-keeping purposes, which is

essential for textile supply chain organizations and players. In addition, the framework

shows the information-gathering method that actors may utilize to quickly trace down

and resolve any issues in the textile supply chain.

III. Internet of Things (IoT)

The growth of digital industrial technology has had a significant impact on the

supply chain sector's performance. According to (Mostafa et al, 2019), applying

technology to the fundamental components of the supply chain sector and logistics

business can result in cost savings and increased customer satisfaction. They

recommended implementing a framework for integrating IoT into warehouse

operations. The arriving and outgoing items in a warehouse are monitor in this

framework by recording data in the attached tag on the product using readers connected

to a forklift. The suggested framework was intended to substantially influence

16
 warehouse management operations' efficiency, operational time, accuracy, and

dependability while decreasing human interaction.

According to the findings of research done by (de Vass et al.) , implementing IoT

enhances supply chain performance. The Internet of Things (IoT) has improved three

elements of supply chain integration: supplier, internal, and customer. The established

framework, which is a collection of physical devices such as sensors, mobile phones,

palm-held devices, and so on, allows data collection, communication, and exchange

within the system. According to experts, the coexistence of IoT will provide efficiency

and long-term performance, improving the firm's profitability.

Dynamic Programming Algorithm

In the paper published by Zhongqiu et al. (2016), in the Journal of Systems Science and

Information, dynamic programming is a collection of approaches for regulating a dynamic system

whose growth from state to state can be changed by the application of controls and which generates

a stream of state and control dependent payoffs. The algorithm quantifies the influence of reward

programs by solving a dynamic optimization problem using the purchase sequences of customers.

The approach's key merit is that the dynamic programming method is well-suited for modeling

dynamic customer behavior. This study demonstrates that dynamic programming algorithms are

an excellent tool for monitoring and tracking the evolution of customer buying behavior. The

technique considers both past behavior in terms of cumulative purchase quantity and future pricing

and loyalty incentive predictions. Modeling forward-thinking habits instinctively elicits a positive

response from customers to a reward scheme.

17
 Figure 2: Dynamic Programming Algorithm

Dynamic Programming can achieve both local and global optimization. Additionally,

knowledge acquired can be leveraged to improve dynamic programming's efficiency. However,

because there is no standardized paradigm for dynamic programming, various conditions may

manifest themselves during the solution process. Using optimal substructure to find the shortest

path through a graph. A straight line denotes a single edge, whereas a wavy line suggests the

shortest route between two vertices (among other approaches, not shown, that share the same two

vertices). The bold line shows the shortest route from start to finish.

Dynamic programming is a very successful general problem-solving approach that

comprises breaking down bigger jobs into tiny overlapping sub-problems, storing the answers

determined from the sub-problems, and reusing those findings on larger areas of the issue.

The researchers use dynamic programming to explore the impact of such reward systems

because customers make purchases based on current and future benefits from customer reward

programs. The concept is predicated on the notion that the observed sequence of a customer's

decisions may represent the answer to a dynamic optimization issue. The dynamic programming

18
technique is suited for assessing individual actions motivated by current and future rewards. This

decision dilemma is perfectly illustrated when a reward program compensates customers

depending on their purchasing behavior over time.

As shown in the illustration, if the consumer is represented by the start, then A, B, and C

are the potential levels of incentives that the buyer may receive based on their purchasing activity.

A stands for the high points reward, B stands for the midpoints reward, and C stands for the low

points reward. At the same time, the aim indicates the potential profit from the seller. Based on

their current cumulative purchases, customers' purchasing behavior may be forecasted for the

entire year in a reward scheme. The year is divided into 52 weeks. The vendor will deliver the

prize at the end of the year, depending on the customer's total purchase amount. After this period,

the entire purchase amount will be reset to zero. This implies that, even if the customer's total

purchase amount is considerable, the client may miss out on the incentive by failing to meet the

seller-defined reward threshold. As a result, based on the incentive level and scale they design,

reward programs will dynamically encourage the customer's purchasing behavior. In other words,

the ultimate purpose of a customer incentive program is to encourage buyers to become more

engaged in the system and purchase more frequently to obtain the desired benefits.

In business, data analytics is pivotal for identifying dilemma and exploring data in

worthwhile approach. Data is made up of evidence and details. The process of administering,

interpreting, organizing, and highlighting data into favorable information that yields context for

the data is called data analysis. Administrator can then use this context to seize action to boost

fecundity and profit. Researchers can simply track the data of sellers and customers using data

analytics, thereby increasing business performance and profitability. Furthermore, data analytics

may help sellers understand how their customers engage with and respond to their products. Since

19
data analytics is the key to increasing production, efficiency, and revenue generation, tracking crop

sales and income will be a significant step forward for local farmers. The data might disclose what

your audience is searching for while researching your product or service with the help of Dynamic

Programming Algorithm (DPA).

Dynamic Programming Algorithm (Rewards System)

Table 2: Reward points

Price (Min – Max) Equivalent Points

₱ 1,000 – 2,599 2

₱ 2,600 – 5,599 4

₱ 5,600 – 8,000+ 6

Table 2 shows the rewards points minimum and maximum price required that have an

equivalent point that the user will get if they purchase the certain price. Buying with total price of

1,000 pesos to 2,599 pesos will give the buyer 2 equivalent points. While 2,600 to 5,599 will have

an equivalent of 4 points. And if the user reaches 5,600 to 8,000 pesos and above the buyer will

get six equivalent points.

Table 3: Level and Equivalent Points
Level of Accumulated Points Points

Low 50 – 149

Mid 150 – 249

High 250 – 300

The table above shows the level of accumulated points that the buyer reached. There are

potential levels of incentives that the buyer may receive based on their purchasing activity. These

are: low level that requires 50 to 149 points, mid level that requires 150 to 249 points, and high

level that requires 250 to 300 points.

20
Dynamic Programming Algorithm in DEMETER

Figure 3: Equivalent Reward (2) Points

Figure 3 shows that the buyer purchased one sinandomeng rice with the price of 1,300

pesos with the total price of 1,300 pesos. Thus, the buyer gets 2 equivalent points.

Figure 4: Equivalent Reward (4) Points

The figure above shows that the buyer purchased two eggplants with the price of 1,600

pesos with the total price of 3,200 pesos. Thus, the buyer gets 4 equivalent points.

Figure 5: Equivalent Reward (6) Points

Figure 5 shows that the buyer purchased three lansones with the price of 2,700 pesos with

the total price of 8,100 pesos. Thus, the buyer gets 6 equivalent points.

21
 Figure 6: Low Level of Accumulated Points
The figure above shows that after the buyer perform multiple purchases it reached a level

of accumulated points. Since the buyer accumulated 54 points it falls as the as low-level points.

Synthesis of the Reviewed Literature and Studies

In the Philippines, rice is produced at a national average rate of roughly 16.24 million tons

per year. The country has an average of 80 to 90 percent for rice self-sufficiency based on Alavi

and colleagues. As stated by the law in the Rice Tariffication according to Ocampo and Pobre,

after more than four decades of struggle to restructure the rice sector, rice imports are substituted

with a 35% import duty. Even with the 35 percent tax, imported rice would diminish domestic

prices and farm revenue.

Since the COVID-19 Pandemic happens, the agricultural sector is struggling to cope up.

Farmers are restricted to gain farm inputs and markets to consider in selling their agricultural

products. This frequently contributes to reduction of crop production. Moreover, due to the

implementation of community quarantine, several farmers, also some suppliers, around the country

record a decrease in income. With the ability of ICT Infrastructure, the profit loss of the farmers,

as well as businesses can retrieve their losses. The effects of integrating information

communication technologies into the agricultural supply chain have been investigated empirically.

Different studies state that it is preferable to integrate information communication technologies to

22
improve the efficiency of the supply chain and improve communication between the entities within

the chain.

With the conclusion of the following research, the DEMETER online marketplace system

will be developed, allowing customers and sellers to purchase agricultural products. And there is

an inventory for a seller's account in this system, where the seller can add, read, update, and remove

items. In addition, DEMETER's incentive system employs a Dynamic Programming Algorithm.

A dynamic algorithm can be used to solve an optimization issue by dissecting it into

straightforward subproblems and using the fact that the optimal elucidation in the main dilemma

is reliant on the optimal answer to its subproblems. Consequently, based on the incentive level and

size that they develop, reward programs will dynamically stimulate the purchase behavior of

customers. In other words, the goal of a customer incentive program is to encourage purchasers to

get more involved in the system and to make more frequent purchases to receive the desired

rewards.

23
 Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses research methodologies and how they are carried out. This section

offers a detailed description of the research conducted by the researchers. Thus, it discloses the

research design, data sources, research instrument, data generation procedure, and proposed

system architecture. Additionally, the researchers reviewed the data case analysis and ethical

considerations associated with conducting the study in this chapter.

Research Design

The researchers conducted the study using a quantitative research design to collect data

that will be useful for developing actionable insights and conclusions. The researchers' objective

is to collect primary data directly from respondents and secondary data from readily accessible

public agencies and institutions that will aid in the study's progression.

Additionally, the researchers employed descriptive research to collect, analyze, and present

data that demonstrate how a web-based marketplace system can assist farmers in incorporating

computer technology into the agricultural supply chain and increasing their profitability and

marketing capability. The design was solely concerned with describing the nature of the segment

in which the researchers are interested, rather than with explaining why a particular phenomenon

occurs.

24
Population and Sample

To collect data, researchers identified the sources from which they will obtain data. The

primary data gathered via an online survey of representatives from farmers' organizations, groups,

and cooperatives throughout region 4-A. These entities provided direct or firsthand evidence of

the web-based marketplace's compliance with the supply chain and logistics, as they are the

industry's driving force.

Secondary data gathered from public agencies and institutions that provide readily

accessible statistical analysis for the agricultural industry, which would aid in the study's

advancement. Additionally, some of the reviewed related literature will be incorporated into the

study to aid the researchers in achieving the study's objective.

Purposive sampling, also known as judgmental, selective, or subjective sampling, is a

sampling approach in which a researcher chooses people to participate in the study depending on

their point of view.

Furthermore, it is a non-probability sampling strategy in which "components specified for

the sample are picked at the researcher's discretion." Researchers identified that they may obtain a

representative sample by applying competent judgment while saving money and time. Purposive

sampling necessitates using one's discretion in identifying examples that will help answer research

questions or achieve desired goals and objectives. (Dudovskiy, n.d.).

Purposive sampling is used in this study to help the researchers zero in on a specific target

group of people, which will be farmers. Purposive sampling is used to construct the research much

more easily by applying the necessary information that will serve as a guide for the researchers as

they conduct the study (Dudovskiy, n.d.).

25
Research Instrument

The study's research instrument is an online questionnaire survey administered via MS

Forms to elicit data from respondents to ascertain whether each problem statement is addressed

and whether the web-based marketplace system has a significant impact on agricultural products

commercialization. The questionnaire's structure was determined by the researchers' readings,

previous research, related literature, and published and unpublished theses pertinent to the study.

The conditions necessary for developing a good data collection apparatus were considered during

the apparatus's development.

There were three sections included in the survey form. The first section provided

background information on the researchers and the survey's purpose. The second section contained

a video demonstration of the DEMETER online agricultural marketplace system, whose

implementation is unavoidable considering the pandemic. Following that, the demographic profile

was compiled, most notably the user category and farm location. The third section contained the

DEMETER online agricultural marketplace's user evaluation form. The researchers used a

dropdown button to ascertain the respondent's user category and province, and a multiple-choice

grid with radio buttons to ascertain the respondent's level of satisfaction with the DEMETER

modules using Software Development Quality Standards.

In comparison, a remark denoting the subject matter was dimmed to aid respondents'

knowledge preparation. Open-ended questions were used to elicit freely formatted perspectives on

the topics or issues. The preference for the structured questionnaire is based on several research

assumptions, including the fact that it is the least expensive method of data collection, prevents

personal bias, is less compelling for an immediate response, and allows respondents to remain

anonymous.

26
Methods of Data Gathering

The researchers invested considerable time, effort, and participation in developing their

questionnaire to serve their anticipated respondents. The survey was conducted using pertinent

questions adapted from related research and questions developed by the researchers.

Respondents are critical to completing the research and validating the elements the

researchers attempt to validate. Collecting respondents is a critical stage for researchers before

they begin data analysis, because the responses of the respondents will serve as the study's

outcomes, proving or refuting the researchers' hypothesis. Without respondents, the study will be

improbable, simply because respondents will serve as the researchers' primary instrument for

producing believable results.

After gathering respondents, the second stage is to have them complete a survey form about

the research's primary objective, which is to create and evaluate an online agricultural marketplace

system (DEMETER) for farmers in Region 4-A CALABARZON. Respondents are supposed to

respond honestly, and researchers are expected to avoid manipulating any responses provided by

respondents to provide research that is free of misleading statements.

Finally, there were data analysis processes that enable researchers to evaluate respondents'

responses, compile demographic data, and most significantly, interpret the outcomes of the

questions. It is the most critical step of the data collection technique, as this is the stage at which

the analysis's results become visible.

Ethical Consideration

Researchers examined the values and principles of ethical behavior when conducting the

study. Ethical considerations assisted the researchers in promoting principles important for

27
collaborative work, such as fairness and mutual respect, as research frequently requires

collaboration and coordination with a variety of individuals. Additionally, ethical standards in

research assisted the researcher in becoming accountable to the subjects of the study (Gajjar, 2013).

The researchers conducted the investigation with an eye toward ethical values and norms of

research conduct. Ethical considerations assisted the researchers in promoting the principles

necessary for collaborative work, such as fairness and mutual respect, as research frequently

requires collaboration and coordination with a variety of individuals. Additionally, ethical

standards in research assisted the researcher in becoming accountable to the study's participants

(Gajjar, 2013).

The researchers addressed many ethical concerns in the study by referencing various norms

and policies stated in a paper published in the International Journal for Research in Education by

Dr. Gajjar (2013):

Confidentiality. Researchers devised secret communication to safeguard study participants

from danger, to safeguard their privacy, to foster trust between them, and to uphold ethical

standards and the research process' integrity.

Integrity & Honesty. The researchers ensured that the data in the study are not

manufactured, misrepresented, or misconstrued. The researchers' objective is to promote cognitive

and behavior consistency. Honesty and integrity are the cornerstones of the research ethical norm,

and they provide a successful outcome since they demonstrate the researchers' competence not just

in the research study, but also as a human being, as they reflect their entire character.

28
 Objectivity. The researchers strived to be objective in their research design, data analysis

and interpretation, and decision-making. To avoid subjectivity in research, researchers disclose

any personal or financial interests that could influence the findings.

Openness. Transparency is a commitment made by researchers to build confidence and

credibility within the research community.

Respects for Intellectual Property. The researchers guaranteed that all properties used in

the study are acknowledged or credited appropriately.

Social responsibility. The researchers intended to cause as little social harm as possible

while conducting the study.

Doing the right thing. Researchers sought to evaluate and to do the correct thing to avoid

errors and negligence.

Data Case Analysis

To evaluate the data in the study, the researchers utilized a descriptive kind of data analysis

to examine the entire set of obtained numerical data or a sample of summarized numerical data, as

the research is conducted using a descriptive type of quantitative research design. This assisted the

researchers in responding to the examples specified in the problem statement by analyzing

acquired data and presenting quantitative descriptions in a digestible or visual format.

The researchers analyzed data cases using two distinct forms of data: primary data and

secondary data that was previously asserted from data sources.

The data were primarily used to establish the study's purpose. The primary data source

helped the researchers in analyzing the instances under investigation by providing direct data from

29
the sources. The secondary source of data was drawn from previously examined literature relevant

to the study, which may have aided the researchers in better comprehending the data being

analyzed. Additionally, it is processed via a procedure that utilizes published or unpublished data

for the purpose of fact-checking or verifying the information acquired.

Researchers used data visualization to provide a visual representation of the acquired data

during the data analysis process. This enables researchers to construct a visual environment for

gaining insights and identifying patterns and trends in the acquired data. Due to their capabilities

for developing interactive visual analytics in the form of dashboards, researchers employ Tableau

Software, Power BI, and Excel as data visualization tools.

These dashboards assisted the researchers in readily analyzing and comprehending data, as

well as creating interactive visualizations for presenting results. To obtain the intended findings

from the data collected during the observation, researchers frequently utilize various statistical

formulas to tabulate and calculate the numerical data acquired in the system.

Statistical Method

The researchers calculated the percent value of the data collected throughout the

experiment using the % formula. A percentage is a value represented as a fraction of 100 and

denoted by the percent sign (%). The percentage was calculated using the following formula:

𝑓
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 𝑥100
𝑛

𝑓 = part of the whole number

𝑛 = number of respondents

Equation 1: Percentage Formula

30
The Measures of Central Tendency

The researchers calculated the average and frequency of the data collected using central

tendency metrics. The mean is used to calculate the central value or typical value of data in a

distribution. It is calculated by multiplying the sum of all data by the number of values. It is

depicted symbolically as:

∑𝑥
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 =
𝑛

Σ = summation of the values of variable x

𝑛 = the number of the values

Equation 2: Mean Formula

The mode is another measure of central tendency that researchers employ. It simply

represents the most frequently gathered score or data. The researchers will tabulate the data and

identify the most frequently occurring values. This enables the researcher to determine the

frequency of occurrence of any feature of the subject.

System Architecture

The researchers developed a variety of graphical representations to convey the proposed

system architecture, which will provide a thorough overview of the system's overall architecture

and design.

Software

The suggested platform will employ the provided software requirements as a starting point

for developing an online agricultural marketplace system (DEMETER) with data analytics using

31
a dynamic programming algorithm. This comprises both the operating system and the software for

the web-based agricultural marketplace system (DEMETER).

Software Requirements
Table 4: Software Requirement
Software Requirement

Windows® 10 or Windows® 11

Operating System

Visual Studio Code

Software Development

Table 5: Multimedia Software Requirement

Multimedia Software Requirement

Adobe Photoshop

Design Software

Table 6: Database
Database

MySQL

MySQL

32
Hardware

The following tables detail the minimum system requirements for the proposed system.

The investigation will make use of a computer server capable of running Visual Studio Code and

MySQL.

Computer Hardware Requirement

The table below summarizes the recommended minimum computer specifications for

implementing the proposed system. This computer standard is compatible with and compatible

with the Visual Studio Code and MySQL software. The minimum computer specifications

specified by the manufacturer include requirements for USB ports, video output, memory,

processor, and graphics.

Table 7: Recommended Minimum Computer Specification

Graphics

33
 AMD Ryzen 3 or Intel® Core™ i5, comparable to

Processor or greater to

Memory 4GB RAM or greater

DVI-D, HDMI 2.0, or a more recent version

Video Output

1x USB 2.0 or greater port

USB Ports

34
System Development Life Cycle

Figure 7: Agile Methodology

The researchers developed the system using the Agile Methodology. The Agile

Methodology's framework takes an iterative approach to the project, requiring regular adjustment

to customer requirements to guarantee that expectations are met (Zenkit, 2021).

The researchers used this method because Agile fosters a collaborative culture and a team's

interconnection for the project to succeed. Additionally, the researchers consider the method's

versatility, as it can adapt to the project's changing requirements (McCormick, 2012).

The researchers chose the agile methodology style because it manages complicated web

development projects with high variability. It also allows for open contact between the customer

and the web developers team, making it excellent for people who value transparency. The agile

methodology reduces the risk of total project failure. The technique for creating the web-based

market is shown in the image above. The first is the requirements section, in which we examine

35
the ideas and needs specifications for our web-based application. The second phase is planning,

which includes organizing the tools required to enhance output. The third phase is to design in

which we create a design paper and a prototype for our web-based DEMETER. The fourth stage

is Development, in which we design, and construct web applications based on predefined

specifications. The fifth step is the release phase, in which the researchers must execute several

tests to confirm that the web development is working. The researchers will test the system to ensure

that the code is error-free; if any defects or faults are identified during testing, the developers will

fix them as quickly as possible. The last one is track and monitor, where we decide on user

feedback to guarantee that the process is stable and working correctly.

36
Application System Diagram

To illustrate the system's fundamental structure, an Application System Diagram (ASD) is

employed. The hardware and networking components are depicted in this diagram to illustrate

their interactions and how they operate within the system. Additionally, the graphic depicts

external components such as actors to demonstrate their relationship and how they intend to use

the system.

Figure 8: Application System Diagram

37
Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

The researcher used Data Flow Diagrams to visualize the system's activities and

functionalities (DFD). The manipulation, storage, and capture of data are depicted in this diagram.

Figure 9: Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

38
Figure 10: Data Flow Diagram (Seller)

39
Figure 11: Data Flow Diagram (Buyer)

40
Figure 12: Data Flow Diagram (Admin)

41
Figure 13: Data Flow Diagram (User Profile System)

42
Use-Case Diagram

The researchers visualized the system's functional needs using a Use-Case Diagram.

Additionally, this is used to highlight external factors that may have an effect on the system.

Figure 14: Use-Case Diagram

43
Class Diagram

Figure 15: Class Diagram

The class diagram depicts the domain model for the online transaction. The goal of the

graphic is to offer some standard terms, or a "reference," for online purchasing - Buyer, Seller

Corporate, Seller Individual, Items, Market Items, Purchased Items, and so on - as well as the

linkages between them. It might be a gathering place for business interpreters and software

developers.

Each client is identified by a unique identifier and is associated with just one account. The

orders are owned by the account. Customers may register as web users in order to make purchases

on the internet. Each online user is allocated a login name (username), which serves as a means of

distinguishing them from other users. An internet user may be divided into two categories: new

44
and active. The buyer's orders are acknowledged by the account. Unique and one-of-a-kind

customer orders are distinguished from other ones. Each order may be connected with a number

of different payment methods. Every payment will be identified by a unique id and will be

associated with a particular account. Each order has a current order status that can be viewed. Line

items in the order as aligned in a specific product on the website.

Activity Diagram

Figure 16: Activity Diagram

The activity flow diagram is used to explain online shopping. This picture depicts how an

online shopper may browse or search for goods, see the product that they want to purchase, and

check out. In addition to user registration, login is incorporated in the bargaining process.

45
Sequence Diagram

Figure 17: Sequence Diagram

This sequence diagram for the online shopping template displays our system's whole

approach, function, and operation. Online purchasers may log in, search and view products, choose

things, buy the items that they want, and complete transactions. Buyers will be able to select which

payments they wish to make.

46
Database Design

Figure 18: Database Diagram

The Database diagram explains how the system for the Online Shopping database is

designed to satisfy the demands of online shopping management. The technology may encrypt the

buyers' information during the buying and ordering process. The admin has access to the

47
purchasers' information as well as their transactions. They may handle data necessary for

information management and maintain track of buyer requirements.

The system Entity Relationship diagram included security and monitoring of the state of

seller and buyer information. These characteristics were noted and documented in reports that

served as the system's transaction history.

Data Dictionary

Table 8: Buyer (Data Dictionary)

Table 6 defines the database objects for each Web component. The content in this part is

referred to in the data dictionary. Each Web element provides an entity-relationship diagram and

48
a complete description of each database table, including table name and preset name. Table

Description in Web database architecture specifies the contents and function of the table. On the

other hand, the column name is the preset name of the column. Data Type refers to the column's

established properties. The Null Value property determines whether or not null values may be

placed in the queue. At the same time, column description defines the column's contents and

function and the Primary Key and Foreign Key designations.

System Storyboard

Figure 19: System Storyboard (Home Page)

The homepage is displayed first in our system. You will notice a sign-in account on the

following page (buyer or seller). Customers' accounts are essential since they make it simple to

record order history and monitor numbers. This allows a user to create an account gives them

protection and control over their information. The homepage is used to navigate users through

your system, it is critical that your guests have an easy time doing so. The primary navigation area

49
should display the system's most significant material to give consumers an overview of what they

will find.

Figure 20: System Storyboard (User Registration)

User registration systems are forms or profile pages that collect data from users to create a

web-based account or profile. A user registration system often requires the user to create a

username and password, as well as answer additional security questions. As shown in figure 20

the user must fill up the forms to create an account.

The user might be a corporate seller, individual seller, or a buyer. A system's

personalization is enabled by user registration. Additionally, the system may enable logged-in

users to send and receive messages, as well as access and alter personal files or other data.

50
 Figure 21: System Storyboard (User Profile)

The figure 21 shows the user profile system of online agricultural marketplace system

(DEMETER). User profiles on a system are an excellent approach to maintain audience

engagement. Individuals log in, complete their profile information, and transform your system into

an online community.

By seamlessly integrating user profile into the transaction process, online marketplace can

collect marketing data that can be used to advertise special offers and encourage repeat business.

Consumers also receive more clear benefits from user profile, such as the opportunity to follow

the status of their current order. The ability to make wish lists may further entice consumers to

return to the site and spend additional time perusing things. This results in a higher level of

investment in the brand.

51
 Figure 22: System Storyboard (Marketplace)

The figure 22 shows the marketplace of the proposed system of online agricultural

marketplace system (DEMETER). The marketplace has a navigation bar that will give the user

ease of use where they can order the product that they desire, manage orders and transactions,

purchase products, manage their profile, and message the seller.

Test Plan

A test strategy is created to ensure a successful online agriculture marketplace

(DEMETER). These tests are based on Agile testing, which adapts to changing demands

throughout a software development process (Ltd., 2017). unit, integration, system, and functional

testing are the process includes in the test.

52
 The succeeding shows the prototype of Agile Testing Methodology used for Online

Agricultural Marketplace System with Data Analytics using Dynamic Programming Algorithm.

Figure 23: Agile Testing Methodology

Unit Testing. This examination technique was applied to intentionally evaluate the web-

based agricultural marketplace system (DEMETER) and decide its proper outcome. This is done

preceding to the integration testing (STF, Unit Testing, 2017). Web pages will be assessed

individually as a single unit in this study to ascertain if the system will produce the intended result.

Integration Testing. This technique would organized together all of the distinct web pages

to be tested. The goal of this test is to pinpoint defect and deficiencies in the user interfaces and

interactivity of individual web pages (STF, Integration Testing, 2017). The planned online

agricultural marketplace system (DEMETER) will be appraised holistically to guarantee that all

web pages function properly.

53
 System Testing. This analysis procedure applied to appraise the entire system. This

assessment was used to identify whether the online marketplace system complies with the construe

specifications. As a result, this will authenticate whether or not the web-based agricultural

marketplace system (DEMETER) fits the users' requirements. (2017, System Testing, STF).

Functional Testing. This test process determined whether the functional specification

requirements for the online agricultural marketplace system (DEMETER) are met. Each functional

module will be validated by inputting data and inspecting the outcome. This will verify that the

system satisfies the standards for each web page. (STF, Functional Testing, 2017)

Acceptance Test. The acceptance test is the last step of this investigation. This test

measures customer acceptance. This test verified whether the online agricultural marketplace

system (DEMETER) meets the users' specifications and, if so, whether it is appropriate for

implementation (STF, Acceptance Testing, 2017).

Test Case Document

An example of a test case document for the proposed online agricultural marketplace

system (DEMETER) with data analytics utilizing dynamic programming algorithm.

Table 9: Test Case Document

54
 Evaluating. The agile software development life cycle ends with evaluation. This stage

assesses the system's performance. This step guarantees that all test feedback is handled to create

a satisfactory software product. An online agricultural marketplace system (DEMETER) that

includes data analytics through a dynamic programming method will be evaluated during this

stage. This section will review all web-based modules, providing immediate feedback for future

improvements.

55
Evaluation Plan

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9126 standard will be applied to

evaluate the program. The six criteria that were used to assess the suggested system are shown in

the figure. They must have the following characteristics: reliability; utility; functionality;

portability; efficiency; and maintainability.

Figure 24: ISO 9126 Standard Reference

The software examined prior to being put through its paces during the testing phase.

Performance and quality criteria for assessing a program's performance and quality are shown in

Figure 24 by the International Standard Organization. Functionality, dependability, usefulness,

efficiency, maintainability, and portability are some of the characteristics to consider (ISO).

56
Evaluation Tool

The assessment instrument that the researcher utilized to analyze the degree of performance

of the proposed online agricultural marketplace system (DEMETER) using data analytics utilizing

a dynamic programming algorithm is shown below.

Table 10: ISO 9126 Evaluation Criteria and Indicators

57
 The tool sent to research participants, such as dealers and purchasers. The respondents

utilized and assessed the program performance using ISO 9126 criteria. Experts in data analytics

used to analyze the proposed online agricultural marketplace system (DEMETER).

58
Deployment Plan

The following shows the Online Agricultural Marketplace System (DEMETER) With Data

Analytics Using Dynamic Programming Algorithm. The deployment plan includes (a) internet, (b)

cloud, and community deployment (c).

Figure 25: Internet (a)

Figure 26: Cloud (b)

59
 Figure 27: Community Deployment (c)

Figure 27 (c) shows the DEMETER web-based agricultural marketplace system in Region

IVA – CALABARZON. An enhanced technique of acquiring local agricultural goods utilizing the

internet without spending adequate time visiting the local market may be employed by the national

government down to local municipal government.

60
 Chapter 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the data collected from Region IV-A agricultural farmers about the

research goal. This chapter sees whether the system is usable, reliable, and functional; and

discusses the results of the 60-sample size of the summarized questionnaire. Furthermore, the

respondents have been assured that all the information they provided would be used solely for the

study and that their identities would be safeguarded.

The chapter is divided into three sections; the demographic’s profile is covered in the first

section, the user category is covered in the second section, which includes farm location, and the

third section examines the system’s functionality, reliability, and usability.

Demographic’s Profile

This section features the demographic’s profile based on user category and farm location.

Table 11 : Demographic’s Profile

Provinces Buyer (end-consumer) Seller (farmer) Total

Batangas 8.33% 6.67% 15%

Cavite 6.67% 8.33% 15%

Laguna 6.67% 8.33% 15%

Quezon 10% 6.67% 16.67%

Rizal 13.33% 25% 38.33%

Total 45% 55% 100%

61
 Type of End-user

Buyer
Seller
45% Seller
Buyer
55%

Figure 28: Type of End-user

The figure above shows the section of the respondents. Out of the 60 respondents, 27 or

45% are buyers and 33 or 55% of the respondents are sellers. This only shows that majority of the

respondents that answers the survey are sellers of CALABARZON. The least end-user who got to

answer the survey were buyers. Nevertheless, through systematic purposive sampling, each type

of end-user got the chance to answer the survey the researchers had prepared.

Table 12: Scale Metrics and Equivalent

Class Boundaries Description

4.50 - 5.00 Very Satisfied (VS)

3.50 – 4.49 Somewhat Satisfied (SS)

2.50 – 3.49 Neutral (N)

1.50 – 2.49 Somewhat Unsatisfied (SU)

1.00 – 1.49 Very Unsatisfied (VU)

The table shows the scale metrics 1 – 1.49 is equivalent to very unsatisfied. The scale

metrics 1.50 – 2.49 is equivalent to somewhat unsatisfied. The scale metrics of 2.50 – 3.49 is

equivalent to neutral. The scale metrics 3.50 – 4.49 is equivalent to somewhat satisfied. The scale

62
metrics 4.50 – 5.00 is equivalent to very satisfied. There is an interval of 0.99 on all scale metrics

except for classes 1 and 5, as it is impossible to have a variable less than 1.00 and more than 5.00.

DEMETER System Evaluation

This section summarizes, analyzes, and translates the evaluation of the DEMETER online

agricultural marketplace system’s functionality, reliability, and usability based on its modules: the

marketplace, user profile system, and product inventory for sellers. The tables reflect the weighted

mean and its associated meaning.

Table 13: Evaluation of Seller Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place

with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming

Algorithm as to “Functionality”

Indicators µ Verbal
Interpretation
1.1 The software does what is appropriate 4.48 Somewhat
Satisfied
1.2 The software has all available functions 4.55 Very Satisfied
required for its execution (marketplace, user
profile, and product inventory)

1.3 The software is precise in executing its function 4.52 Very Satisfied
(does what it should be doing or execute)

1.4 The software is precise in its result 4.58 Very Satisfied

Total 4.53 Very Satisfied

Table 13 shows the result of the evaluation in terms of Functionality. The first indicator

about the adequacy of the software to do what is appropriate was rated "Somewhat satisfied" by

63
the seller respondents with a mean rating of 4.48. The second indicator, which refers to the

adequacy of the software in terms of availability of all functions required for its execution, was

rated "Very Satisfied" with a mean rating of 4.55.

The third refers to the software's accuracy in executing its function precisely in its result in

terms of correctness rated "Very Satisfied" with a mean rating of 4.52. The last indicator, which

refers to the software's ability to be precise in its results, has a mean rating of 4.58 with a verbal

interpretation of "Very Satisfied."

The overall mean rating for Functionality is 4.53, with a verbal meaning of "Very

Satisfied." This demonstrates that the Seller's responses noted that the developed DEMETER

application works effectively.

Table 14: Evaluation of Seller Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place

with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming

Algorithm as to “Reliability”

Indicators µ Verbal
Interpretation
2.1 The software provides output based on the 4.42 Somewhat
expected result - Tolerance to failures Satisfied
2.2 The software provides error free test feedbacks - 4.45 Somewhat
Tolerance to failures Satisfied
2.3 The software notify users when invalid data 4.52 Very Satisfied
entry - Tolerance to failures
Total 4.46 Somewhat
Satisfied

Table 14 displays the outcome of the Reliability evaluation. The first indicator about the

software's ability to provide an output based on the expected results was rated by the Seller

64
respondents as "Somewhat satisfied," with a mean score of 4.42. The second indicator, which

refers to the ability of the software to provide error-free test feedback, was rated "Somewhat

satisfied" with a mean score of 4.45. The last indicator relates to the ability of the software to notify

the users when an invalid data entry has a mean rating of 4.52 with a verbal interpretation of "Very

Satisfied."

The total mean rating of the Sellers respondents to the developed software in terms of

Reliability evaluation is 4.46, which translates to "Somewhat Satisfied," indicating that the

DEMETER application passed the Seller respondents' Reliability evaluation indicating that the

system application is error-free and reliable enough to use.

Table 15: Evaluation of Seller Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place

with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming

Algorithm as to “Usability”

Indicators µ Verbal
Interpretation
3.1 It is easy to understand, learned, used and 4.52 Very Satisfied
appear attractive to the user - Intelligibility
3.2 It is easy to perform functions - Intelligibility 4.39 Somewhat
Satisfied
3.3 It provides on-screen prompts and messages 4.39 Somewhat
that are clear and helpful - Operability Satisfied
3.4 It provides relevant instructional guide - 4.45 Somewhat
Learnability Satisfied
Total 4.44 Somewhat
Satisfied

Table 15 presents the result of the evaluation in terms of Usability. The first indicator

relating to the ability of the software to be easily understood, learned, used, and appear attractive

65
to the respondents was rated "Very Satisfied" with a mean score of 4.52. The second indicator,

which also refers to the software intelligibility to easily perform functions, was rated "Somewhat

satisfied" with a mean score of 4.39. The third indicator about the software's capability to provide

on-screen prompts and messages that are clear and helpful to the users has a mean rating of 4.39

with a verbal interpretation of "Somewhat satisfied." Lastly, the indicator relating to the ability of

the software to provide a relevant instructional guide was rated "Somewhat satisfied" with a mean

rating of 4.45.

The total mean evaluation of the Sellers responders to the produced software on the

Usability criteria is 4.44, which translates to "Somewhat Satisfied." This revealed that the built

DEMETER application was clear, helpful, and simple to comprehend.

Table 16: Evaluation of Buyer Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place

with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming

Algorithm as to “Functionality”

Indicators µ Verbal
Interpretation
1.1 The software does what is appropriate 4.48 Somewhat Satisfied
1.2 The software has all available functions required 4.41 Somewhat Satisfied
for its execution (marketplace, user profile, and
product inventory)
1.3 The software is precise in executing its function 4.52 Very Satisfied
(does what it should be doing or execute)
1.4 The software is precise in its result 4.48 Somewhat Satisfied
Total 4.47 Somewhat Satisfied

Table 16 shows the result of the evaluation in terms of Functionality. The first indicator

about the adequacy of the software to do what is appropriate was rated "Somewhat satisfied" by

66
the buyer respondents with a mean rating of 4.48. The second indicator, which refers to the

adequacy of the software in terms of availability of all functions required for its execution, was

rated " Somewhat Satisfied" with a mean rating of 4.41.

The third refers to the software's accuracy in executing its function precisely in its result in

terms of correctness, rated "Very Satisfied" with a mean rating of 4.52. The last indicator, which

refers to the software's ability to be precise in its results, has a mean rating of 4.48 with a verbal

interpretation of " Somewhat Satisfied."

The overall mean rating for Functionality is 4.47, with a verbal meaning of "Somewhat

Satisfied," indicating that Buyers' replies showed that the developed DEMETER application

functions very well.

Table 17: Evaluation of Buyer Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place

with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming

Algorithm as to “Reliability”

Indicators µ Verbal
Interpretation
2.1 The software provides output based on the 4.37 Somewhat Satisfied
expected result - Tolerance to failures
2.2 The software provides error free test feedbacks - 4.41 Somewhat Satisfied
Tolerance to failures
2.3 The software notify users when invalid data entry 4.59 Very Satisfied
- Tolerance to failures
Total 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied

Table 17 displays the outcome of the Reliability evaluation. The first indicator about the

software's ability to provide an output based on the expected results was rated by the Buyers

67
respondents as "Somewhat satisfied," with a mean score of 4.37. The second indicator, which

refers to the ability of the software to provide error-free test feedback, was rated "Somewhat

satisfied" with a mean score of 4.41. The last indicator relates to the ability of the software to notify

the users when an invalid data entry has a mean rating of 4.59 with a verbal interpretation of "Very

Satisfied."

In terms of reliability evaluation, the total mean rating of the Buyer respondents to the

developed software is 4.46. This translates to "Somewhat satisfied," indicating that the DEMETER

application passed the Buyer's respondents' Reliability evaluation, implying that the system

application is error-tolerant and efficient.

Table 18: Evaluation of Buyer Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place

with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming

Algorithm as to “Usability”

Indicators µ Verbal
Interpretation
3.1 It is easy to understand, learned, used and appear 4.44 Somewhat Satisfied
attractive to the user - Intelligibility

3.2 It is easy to perform functions - Intelligibility 4.67 Very Satisfied

3.3 It provides on-screen prompts and messages that 4.63 Very Satisfied
are clear and helpful - Operability
3.4 It provides relevant instructional guide - 4.07 Somewhat Satisfied
Learnability
Total 4.45 Somewhat Satisfied

Table 18 presents the result of the evaluation in terms of Usability. The first indicator

relating to the ability of the software to be easily understood, learned, used, and appear attractive

68
to the respondents was rated "Somewhat satisfied," with a mean score of 4.44. The second

indicator, which also refers to the software intelligibility to easily perform functions, was rated

"Very satisfied" with a mean score of 4.67. The third indicator about the software's capability to

provide on-screen prompts and messages that are clear and helpful to the users has a mean rating

of 4.63 with a verbal interpretation of "Very satisfied." Lastly, the indicator relating to the ability

of the software to provide a relevant instructional guide was rated "Somewhat satisfied" with a

mean rating of 4.07.

The total mean rating of the Buyer's respondents to the developed software as to criterion

Usability is 4.45, which has a verbal interpretation of "Somewhat Satisfied." This disclosed that

the developed DEMETER application was precise, practical, and easy to understand.

Table 19: Summary Evaluation of Seller Respondents Rating on DEMETER:

Online Market Place with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic

Programming Algorithm

Indicators µ Verbal Interpretation

Functionality 4.53 Very Satisfied

Reliability 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied
Usability 4.44 Somewhat Satisfied
Total 4.48 Somewhat Satisfied

According to Table 19, two out of three criteria in the DEMETER evaluation were rated

"Somewhat Satisfied," with one criterion rated "Very Satisfied." According to the statistics, the

criteria "Reliability" and "Usability" were rated "Somewhat Satisfied" with mean ratings of 4.46

69
and 4.44, respectively. In contrast, the criterion "Functionality" was placed as "Very Satisfied"

with a mean score of 4.53.

The overall mean rating for the program is 4.48, which has a verbal meaning of "Somewhat

Satisfied." The seller's respondents' assessment of the produced DEMETER application was

generally satisfactory and positive.

Table 20: Summary Evaluation of Buyer Respondents Rating on DEMETER:

Online Market Place with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic

Programming Algorithm

Indicators µ Verbal Interpretation

Functionality 4.47 Somewhat Satisfied

Reliability 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied
Usability 4.45 Somewhat Satisfied
Total 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied

According to Table 20, three criteria in the DEMETER evaluation were rated "Somewhat

Satisfied." According to the data, the categories "Functionality “Reliability," and "Usability" were

rated "Somewhat satisfied," with mean ratings of 4.47, 4.46, and 4.45, respectively.

The overall mean rating for the program is 4.46, which has a verbal meaning of "Somewhat

Satisfied." Buyer respondents' opinion of the created DEMETER application was generally

acceptable and helpful.

70
 Table 21: Means of Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place with Data

Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm as to

“Functionality”

Functionality

User Category µ Verbal Interpretation

Buyer 4.47 Somewhat Satisfied
Seller 4.53 Very Satisfied
Factor Average 4.50 Very Satisfied

According to table 21, two user groups in the DEMETER evaluation rated "Somewhat

Satisfied" and "Very Satisfied." Buyers were rated "Somewhat Satisfied," with a mean value of

4.47. The seller had a rating of 4.53 and was rated "Very Satisfied." The "Functionality" criteria

were rated "Very Satisfied," with a mean value of 4.50.

Table 22: Means of Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place with Data

Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm as to

“Reliability”

Reliability

User Category µ Verbal Interpretation

Buyer 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied
Seller 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied
Factor Average 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied

According to table 22, two user groups in the DEMETER evaluation rated "Somewhat

Satisfied." Buyers were rated "Somewhat Satisfied," with a mean value of 4.46. The seller received

71
a rating of 4.46 and was rated "Somewhat Satisfied." The "Reliability" criteria were rated

"Somewhat satisfied" with a mean score of 4.46.

Table 23: Means of Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place with Data

Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm as to

“Usability”

Usability

User Category µ Verbal Interpretation

Buyer 4.45 Somewhat Satisfied
Seller 4.44 Somewhat Satisfied
Factor Average 4.45 Somewhat Satisfied

According to table 23, two user groups in the DEMETER evaluation scored "Somewhat

Satisfied." Buyers were rated "Somewhat Satisfied," with a mean value of 4.45. The seller had a

rating of 4.44 and was rated "Somewhat Satisfied." The data indicated that the "Usability" criteria

were "Somewhat Satisfied," with a mean value of 4. 45.

Table 24: Means Summary Assessment on DEMETER: Online Market Place with

Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm

Indicators µ Verbal Interpretation

Functionality 4.50 Very Satisfied
Reliability 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied
Usability 4.45 Somewhat Satisfied
Total 4.47 Somewhat Satisfied

According to Table 24, two out of three criteria in the DEMETER evaluation were scored

"Somewhat Satisfied," with one criterion rated "Very Satisfied." According to the data, the criteria

72
"Reliability" and "Usability" were rated "Somewhat Satisfied" with mean ratings of 4.46 and 4.45,

respectively. In contrast, the criterion "Functionality" was rated as "Very Satisfied" with a mean

score of 4.50.

The overall mean rating for the program is 4.47, which has a verbal meaning of "Somewhat

Satisfied." The Data Analytics assessment for the produced DEMETER application was generally

acceptable and favorable.

73
 Chapter 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

In this chapter, the proponents discussed the project's summary, its conclusions, and the

necessary recommendations from professors, students, and researchers.

Summary of Findings

This study aims to help the local farmers in REGION IV-A to boost their sales through

DEMETER: Online Agricultural Marketplace System with Data Analytics using Dynamic

Programming Algorithm. The system will provide the users with an efficient way of purchasing

and selling the items. The purpose of this DEMETER Online Agricultural Marketplace System is

to help the people, especially the local farmers, boost their sales by using a reward system that will

the buyer more engage in purchasing the local agricultural products. On the other hand, it can also

help the buyers buy an agricultural product without any hassle because it gives two beneficial

factors. First, the customers can use the system through their devices without a sweat. Second, it

does give information such as; stocks, prices, and quantity. The researchers' goal is to help the

sellers and buyers succeed in their business using "DEMETER: Online Agricultural Marketplace

System with Data Analytics using Dynamic Programming Algorithm" and give them a more

efficient and engaging way of selling agricultural products. As for the buyer, they can buy

agricultural products using the system. The researchers used the research and survey method to

gather data to complete this project.

Conclusions

The Philippines is the nation with the highest per capita consumption of agricultural

products, making agriculture one of the country's most important industries. In order to keep up

74
with the needs of the populace, the agricultural supply chain must be reliable and efficient. In

contrast, the tariffication legislation caused farmgate prices to decrease dramatically, making

farming economically viable once again. In addition, farmers and shoppers were

disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic's quarantine restrictions and reduced foot

traffic.

Researchers provided an online platform that facilitates increased profits, market

discovery, and customer communication as a means of mitigating the effects of the challenges.

DEMETER Online Marketplace System with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products

Using Dynamic Programming Algorithm goal is to provide a platform where agricultural

producers may sell their goods online. As a bonus, the technology will aid in product management

and the identification of new buyers.

Data on the system's functionality, usability, and reliability were gathered through an

online survey conducted by the researchers.

To sum up after completing the analysis and data interpretation, the following conclusions

were drawn.

1. The content modules developed in the study for DEMETER Online Marketplace

System with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products Using Dynamic Programming

Algorithm were based on its modules: the marketplace, user profile system, and product

inventory for sellers.

2. The developed Online Marketplace System with Data Analytics for Agricultural

Products Using Dynamic Programming Algorithm is feasible with a minimum

75
 computer hardware requirement of CPU: Core AMD Ryzen 3 and AMD RadeonTM

Vega 8 Graphics to support Web-based Marketplace System.

3. The developed online marketplace system with data analytics for agricultural products

using dynamic programming algorithm was rated somewhat satisfied by the sellers and

buyers in terms of functionality, reliability, and usability. There was homogeneity in

the evaluation results from the sellers and buyers in rating the software positively.

4. The developed online marketplace system with data analytics for agricultural products

using dynamic programming algorithm somewhat satisfied the sellers and buyers even

the system is limited to online bargaining via the chat service and didn’t handle

payment operations and individuals participating in the transaction will have to

negotiate utilizing the application's chat service.

Recommendations

Based on the data, the researchers came to the following conclusion with the respondents'

support: the system will be able to adapt to new developments and be much more efficient for

users and future developers with a similar target to the industry.

The following are some of the respondent's recommendations for the Online Agricultural

Marketplace System:

1. The registration module could upgrade by logging in using social media accounts like

Gmail, Facebook, and others.

2. Add some language options and improve the system user interface. Get ideas from

operational websites. You might check awwwards.com or other websites that rate design

quality. So, it could be more user-friendly and create a mobile version on a computer that

has a better specification.

76
 3. Satisfaction may increase by including other agricultural product options in the

marketplace for the sellers such as dairy products and fertilizers.

4. Upgrade the mode of payment with the use of API and other online banking transactions

and improve the system’s security.

5. Use incremental backups to keep data and information that has been modified or updated

since the previous backup. It can strengthen a company's data protection policy without

adding to the workload.

6. Expand the system's capacity to support transactions outside the CALABARZON region.

The current generation relies more on electronic devices and the internet to conduct

financial transactions. Therefore, a lot of programmers are trying to create a tool to help the

industry. To make the Online Agricultural Marketplace System more accessible and successful,

researchers will keep digging into its internal dynamics.

77
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STF. (2017, September 10). Unit Testing. Retrieved from
http://softwaretestingfundamentals.com/unit-testing/
Tecson, Z. (2020, October 21). ATI trains Central Luzon farmers to become 'agripreneurs'.
Retrieved from https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1119271
Zenkit. (2021). Agile Methodology. Retrieved from https://zenkit.com/en/blog/tag/agile-
methodology/
Zhao, Z., Li, X., Ma, B., & Li, J. (2016). Application of Dynamic Programming Method to
Marketing Decisions Based on Customer Database. Journal of Systems Science and
Information, 4(2). Retrieved from https://www.degruyter.com/journal/key/jssi/4/2/html
Zorayda , T. (8, November 2020). C. Luzon farmers embrace social media to enhance production.
Retrieved from https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1121121

B. Topic Proposal

1.0 PROPOSED THESIS/CAPSTONE TITLE:

DEMETER: Web-Based Market with Sales Analytics for Agricultural Products of
Region IV - CALABARZON
2.0 AREA OF INVESTIGATION:
The function of the system is to provide information, to communicate and to
conduct transactions to consumers and producers using the internet. Some of its features
are the producers may add, edit, update, and remove their products. While the consumers
can search and purchased the agricultural products that they desire. The programming
language that the researchers will use to develop the system are Java, JavaScript, and
MySQL database.

(Discuss the area of investigation of the proposed system, its function, features, and
programming language to be used in developing the system)

3.0 REASON FOR CHOICE:

The researchers chose to design a software called "DEMETER: Online Agricultural Market
System" to aid farmers in raising their rice crop sales and earnings. Through the use of sales
analytics, it will assist farmers in gaining insights and increasingly recommending the best
selections. Additionally, it can be utilized to detect, model, comprehend, and forecast sales
trends and outcomes, assisting sales management in determining areas for improvement.

4.0 IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY:

The purpose of this study is to create a web-based marketplace system that will assist
farmers in maintaining and increasing their profitability and marketing capability in the face
of the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the technology is meant to benefit the Philippine
agricultural sector and the players involved in the agricultural supply chain.

5.0 TARGET USERS / BENEFICIARIES:

This study has the potential to be extremely significant and useful to farmers, consumers,
and the agricultural industry in general.

6.0 SIMILARITY WITH PREVIOUS STUDIES OR PROJECT:

 Some related literature and studies that will backbone this research are Virtual barriers:
unpacking the sustainability implications of online food spaces and the Yellowknife Farmers
Market’s response to COVID-19 by Radcliffe, J. (2021), Web Based Recommendation System
for Farmers by Shinde, K., Andrei, J., & Oke, A. (2015), and Farmers online: drivers and
impediments in adoption of Internet in UK agricultural businesses by Warren, M. (2004).
(Site some related literature and studies that will backbone the study.)

C. Tables

Table 1: Demeter’s Difference in eKadiwa

eKadiwa Demeter

Platform for sellers and buyers. Platform for sellers and buyers.

Limited to the areas of Laguna Implement for farmers in region 4-A

Data analytics for sales and cost of goods

purchased dashboard.

Provides the account details A user profile system where user can

personalize their profile.

Inquiry Service Messaging service.

Used Dynamic Programming Algorithm for

rewards system.

Inventory for a seller account Inventory for a seller account, where the seller

can create, read, update, and delete products in

the inventory.

Table 2: Reward points

Price (Min – Max) Equivalent Points

₱ 1,000 – 2,599 2

₱ 2,600 – 5,599 4
 ₱ 5,600 – 8,000+ 6

Table 3: Level and Equivalent Points

Level of Accumulated Points Points

Low 50 – 149

Mid 150 – 249

High 250 – 300

Table 4: Software Requirement

Software Requirement

Windows® 10 or Windows® 11

Operating System

Eclipse Kepler

Software Development

Table 5: Multimedia Software Requirement

Multimedia Software Requirement

Adobe Photoshop

Design Software
 Table 6: Database
Database

MySQL

MySQL

Table 7: Recommended Minimum Computer Specification

Recommended Minimum Computer Specifications

AMD Radeon™ Vega 8 Graphics or

NVIDIA® GeForce® GTX 1060, equivalent

Graphics or better

Intel® Core™ i5 or AMD Ryzen 3, equivalent

Processor or better

Memory
 4GB RAM or more

Recommended Minimum Computer Specifications

DVI-D, HDMI 2.0, or newer

Video Output

1x USB 2.0 or better port

USB Ports

Table 8: Buyer (Data Dictionary)

FIELD NAME DATA FIELD CONSTRAINT DESCRIPTION

TYPE LENGTH
buyer_id int 45 Primary Key Buyer id, Auto-
generated
fname varchar 45 Not null First name of Buyer
mname varchar 45 Not null Middle name of Buyer
lname varchar 45 Not null Last name of Buyer
gender varchar 45 Not null Gender of Buyer
birthday date 45 Not null Birthday of Buyer
age int 45 Not null Age of Buyer
mobile_no bigint 45 Not null Mobile Number
tel_no int 45 Not null Landline
email varchar 45 Not null Email Address
address_region varchar 45 Not null Region Address of the
Buyer
address_province varchar 45 Not null Province Address of
the Buyer
address_municity varchar 45 Not null Municipality Address
of the Buyer
address_brgy varchar 45 Not null Barangay Address of
the Buyer
address_unit varchar 45 Not null Unit Address of the
Buyer
address_postalzip int 45 Not null Postal Zip of the Buyer
username varchar 45 Not null Buyer Username
password varchar 45 Not null Buyer Login Password
profile_pic mediumblob Buyer Profile pic

Table 9: Test Case Document

TEST CASE
FOR ONLINE AGRICULTURAL MARKETPLACE SYSTEM (DEMETER) WITH
DATA ANALYTICS USING DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING ALGORITHM
Test Case # 007 Test Case Name Load Module 1 Page: 1 of 1
System Web-Based Subsystem Module 1
Market Module
Designed by Designer 1 Designed Date: 10-29-2021
Executed by Tester 1 Execution Date: 11-12-2021
Short Test the
Description functionality of
web-based
agricultural
marketplace
Pre-condition:
1. The user already initialized the main page of the system.
2. The user already read the system's purpose and services.
3. The user already had the necessary information for registration for the seller.
Step Action Expected System Pass / Fail Remarks
Output
1 Run the web-based The system will
agricultural marketplace load the main menu
system
2 Click the sign in button The system will
load the login
module
3 Click the seller button The system will
direct to the seller
login module
4 Login using the user created The system will
account login and go
directly to the
dashboard
Post-condition:
1. The main page of DEMETER is loaded.
2. The created account login successfully.
 Table 10: ISO 9126 Evaluation Criteria and Indicators
CRITERIA 5 4 3 2 1

Functionality

The software does what is appropriate (Adequacy)

The software has all available functions required for its execution

(Adequacy)

The software is precise in executing its function (Accuracy)

The software is precise in its result (Accuracy)

The software interacts with the specified modules

(Interoperability)

Reliability

The software provides output based on the expected result

(Tolerance to failures)

The software provides error free test feedbacks (Tolerance

to failures)

The software notify users when invalid data entry (Tolerance to

failures)

Usability

It is easy to understand, learned, used and appear

attractive to the user (Intelligibility)

It is easy to perform functions (Intelligibility)

It provides on-screen prompts and messages that are clear

and helpful (Operability)

It provides relevant instructional guide (Learnability)

Efficiency

The software response time is appropriate and done in a

shortest time possible (Timeliness)

The resources used is appropriate (Resources)

Maintainability

It is easy to modify and adapt (Adaptability)

It is steady and stable when used (Stability)

It is easy test and analyze when assessment module is

loaded (Testability)

Portability

It is easy to adapt to other environment (Adaptability)

It is easy to install in other environment (Capacity to be

installed)

It is cross-platform independent (Interoperability)

Table 11 : Demographic’s Profile

Provinces Buyer (end-consumer) Seller (farmer) Total

Batangas 8.33% 6.67% 15%

Cavite 6.67% 8.33% 15%

Laguna 6.67% 8.33% 15%

Quezon 10% 6.67% 16.67%

 Rizal 13.33% 25% 38.33%

Total 45% 55% 100%

Table 12: Scale Metrics and Equivalent

Class Boundaries Description

4.50 - 5.00 Very Satisfied (VS)

3.50 – 4.49 Somewhat Satisfied (SS)

2.50 – 3.49 Neutral (N)

1.50 – 2.49 Somewhat Unsatisfied (SU)

1.00 – 1.49 Very Unsatisfied (VU)

Table 13: Evaluation of Seller Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place with Data

Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm as to

“Functionality”

Indicators µ Verbal
Interpretation
1.1 The software does what is appropriate 4.48 Somewhat
Satisfied
1.2 The software has all available functions 4.55 Very Satisfied
required for its execution (marketplace, user
profile, and product inventory)

1.3 The software is precise in executing its function 4.52 Very Satisfied
(does what it should be doing or execute)

1.4 The software is precise in its result 4.58 Very Satisfied

Total 4.53 Very Satisfied

Table 14: Evaluation of Seller Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place with Data

Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm as to

“Reliability”

Indicators µ Verbal
Interpretation
2.1 The software provides output based on the 4.42 Somewhat
expected result - Tolerance to failures Satisfied
2.2 The software provides error free test feedbacks - 4.45 Somewhat
Tolerance to failures Satisfied
2.3 The software notify users when invalid data 4.52 Very Satisfied
entry - Tolerance to failures
Total 4.46 Somewhat
Satisfied

Table 15: Evaluation of Seller Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place with Data

Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm as to

“Usability”

Indicators µ Verbal
Interpretation
3.1 It is easy to understand, learned, used and 4.52 Very Satisfied
appear attractive to the user - Intelligibility
3.2 It is easy to perform functions - Intelligibility 4.39 Somewhat
Satisfied
3.3 It provides on-screen prompts and messages 4.39 Somewhat
that are clear and helpful - Operability Satisfied
3.4 It provides relevant instructional guide - 4.45 Somewhat
Learnability Satisfied
Total 4.44 Somewhat
Satisfied
 Table 16: Evaluation of Buyer Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place with

Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm as to

“Functionality”

Indicators µ Verbal
Interpretation
1.1 The software does what is appropriate 4.48 Somewhat Satisfied
1.2 The software has all available functions required 4.41 Somewhat Satisfied
for its execution (marketplace, user profile, and
product inventory)
1.3 The software is precise in executing its function 4.52 Very Satisfied
(does what it should be doing or execute)
1.4 The software is precise in its result 4.48 Somewhat Satisfied
Total 4.47 Somewhat Satisfied

Table 17: Evaluation of Buyer Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place with

Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm as to

“Reliability”

Indicators µ Verbal
Interpretation
2.1 The software provides output based on the 4.37 Somewhat Satisfied
expected result - Tolerance to failures
2.2 The software provides error free test feedbacks - 4.41 Somewhat Satisfied
Tolerance to failures
2.3 The software notify users when invalid data entry 4.59 Very Satisfied
- Tolerance to failures
Total 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied
 Table 18: Evaluation of Buyer Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place with

Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm as to

“Usability”

Indicators µ Verbal
Interpretation
3.1 It is easy to understand, learned, used and appear 4.44 Somewhat Satisfied
attractive to the user - Intelligibility

3.2 It is easy to perform functions - Intelligibility 4.67 Very Satisfied

3.3 It provides on-screen prompts and messages that 4.63 Very Satisfied
are clear and helpful - Operability
3.4 It provides relevant instructional guide - 4.07 Somewhat Satisfied
Learnability
Total 4.45 Somewhat Satisfied

Table 19: Summary Evaluation of Seller Respondents Rating on DEMETER: Online

Market Place with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming

Algorithm

Indicators µ Verbal Interpretation

Functionality 4.53 Very Satisfied

Reliability 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied
Usability 4.44 Somewhat Satisfied
Total 4.48 Somewhat Satisfied
 Table 20: Summary Evaluation of Buyer Respondents Rating on DEMETER: Online

Market Place with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming

Algorithm

Indicators µ Verbal Interpretation

Functionality 4.47 Somewhat Satisfied

Reliability 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied
Usability 4.45 Somewhat Satisfied
Total 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied

Table 21: Means of Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place with Data Analytics

for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm as to “Functionality”

Functionality

User Category µ Verbal Interpretation

Buyer 4.47 Somewhat Satisfied
Seller 4.53 Very Satisfied
Factor Average 4.50 Very Satisfied

Table 22: Means of Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place with Data Analytics

for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm as to “Reliability”

Reliability

User Category µ Verbal Interpretation

Buyer 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied
Seller 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied
Factor Average 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied
Table 23: Means of Respondents on DEMETER: Online Market Place with Data Analytics

for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm as to “Usability”

Usability

User Category µ Verbal Interpretation

Buyer 4.45 Somewhat Satisfied
Seller 4.44 Somewhat Satisfied
Factor Average 4.45 Somewhat Satisfied

Table 24: Means Summary Assessment on DEMETER: Online Market Place with Data

Analytics for Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm

Indicators µ Verbal Interpretation

Functionality 4.50 Very Satisfied
Reliability 4.46 Somewhat Satisfied
Usability 4.45 Somewhat Satisfied
Total 4.47 Somewhat Satisfied

D. Questionnaire

DEMETER: Online Marketplace With Data Analytics for

Agricultural Products Using D.P.A.
Good day! We are the students of LPU Manila under the Bachelor of Science of Computer
Science program to conduct a survey for our THESIS course in order to help CALABARZON
Agricultural Farmers to boost their sales and market.
The researchers' goal is to collect information from agricultural farmers on the web app in order
to assess the data if the system is functional, reliable, and usable; and determine what changes
should be made, as well as prepare for future improvements.
Instructions:
Choose what you think best fits the statement or question in the multiple choice grid or linear
scale (1 being the lowest and 5 being the highest) based on the video demo at the previous
section. The statements are comprised of characteristics based on the Software Quality
Development Standard (ISO 9126), an international standard for software quality evaluation.

Functionality
 accuracy – provision of right or agreed results or effects
compliance – adherence to application related standards or convention
interoperability – ability to interact with specified systems
security – prevention to unauthorized access of data
suitability – presence and appropriateness of a set of functions for specified tasks
Reliability
fault tolerance – ability to keep a given level of performance in case of faults
maturity – frequency of faults in the software
recoverability – capability of re-establish level of performance after faults
Usability
learnability – users' effort for learning software application
operability – users' effort for operation and operation control
understandability – users' effort for recognizing structure and applicability
Type of End-User:
Seller Buyer
Seller
LN, FN, MI, Name Extensions (Sr, Jr, I, II, III, etc.) optional:

Age in Years (optional):

Mobile/Telephone Number (optional):

Province where Farm is located:

Batangas Cavite Laguna Quezon Rizal
Functionality
Very Somewhat Neutral Somewhat Very
Unsatisfied Unsatisfied Satisfied Satisfied
The software does what
is appropriate - Adequacy
The software has all
available functions
required for its execution
(marketplace, user
profile, and product
inventory) -Adequacy
The software is precise in
executing its function
(does what it should be
doing or execute) -
Accuracy
The software is precise in
its result - Accuracy
Reliability
Very Somewhat Neutral Somewhat Very
Unsatisfied Unsatisfied Satisfied Satisfied
 The software provides
output based on the
expected result -
Tolerance to failures
The software provides
error free test feedbacks -
Tolerance to failures
The software notify users
when invalid data entry -
Tolerance to failures
Usability
Very Somewhat Neutral Somewhat Very
Unsatisfied Unsatisfied Satisfied Satisfied
It is easy to understand,
learned, used and appear
attractive to the user -
Intelligibility
It is easy to perform
functions - Intelligibility
It provides on-screen
prompts and messages
that are clear and helpful
- Operability
It provides relevant
instructional guide -
Learnability
Considering your demo experience with our software, how likely would you be to recommend
its use to a friend or colleague?

Very Unlikely Very Likely

Please leave any additional comments/suggestions:

Buyer
LN, FN, MI, Name Extensions (Sr, Jr, I, II, III, etc.) optional:

Age in Years (optional):

Mobile/Telephone Number (optional):

Province where Farm is located:

Batangas Cavite Laguna Quezon Rizal
Functionality
Very Somewhat Neutral Somewhat Very
Unsatisfied Unsatisfied Satisfied Satisfied
 The software does what
is appropriate - Adequacy
The software has all
available functions
required for its execution
(marketplace, user
profile, and product
inventory) -Adequacy
The software is precise in
executing its function
(does what it should be
doing or execute) -
Accuracy
The software is precise in
its result - Accuracy
Reliability
Very Somewhat Neutral Somewhat Very
Unsatisfied Unsatisfied Satisfied Satisfied
The software provides
output based on the
expected result -
Tolerance to failures
The software provides
error free test feedbacks -
Tolerance to failures
The software notify users
when invalid data entry -
Tolerance to failures
Usability
Very Somewhat Neutral Somewhat Very
Unsatisfied Unsatisfied Satisfied Satisfied
It is easy to understand,
learned, used and appear
attractive to the user -
Intelligibility
It is easy to perform
functions - Intelligibility
It provides on-screen
prompts and messages
that are clear and helpful
- Operability
It provides relevant
instructional guide -
Learnability
Considering your demo experience with our software, how likely would you be to recommend
its use to a friend or colleague?
Very Unlikely Very Likely

Please leave any additional comments/suggestions:

E. UML Diagrams (Use Case, Class, Activity Diagram, Sequence Diagram)

Application System Diagram

Data Flow Diagram
Data Flow Diagram (Seller)
Data Flow Diagram (Buyer)
Data Flow Diagram (Admin)
Data Flow Diagram (User Profile System)
Use-Case Diagram
Class Diagram
Activity Diagram
Sequence Diagram
Database Diagram
F. Sample Screen Output

Screen Output
G. Defense Pictures

Defense Pictures
H. Gantt Chart
 I. User’s Manual & Technical Specifications

User – Sign up

Once you run the system, the

first thing that it will load is the

index. It has a navigation bar

consisting of the developers'

Home, About, Services, and

Contact details.

Click the "sign-in" button and a "join

now" button. If the user doesn't have an

account yet, they can click the "join

now" button that will take them to the

page, where the user will choose

whether they wish to register as a buyer

or a seller.

Registering as a buyer will lead to

the next page, where the user has to

answer the forms and give their

information.
 Registering as a seller will

take you to another page with

two buttons. This button is the

type of seller they will register.

The "Individual button" will lead to

the page where the user must fill out

the forms using their basic

information and valid requirements

for verification to sell as an

individual on DEMETER.

While registering as a corporation will

lead to the page where the user has to fill

in the forms using their basic

information and business requirements

to ensure that they have an active

business license and registration to sell

on DEMETER as a corporate seller.

User – Sign in

If they sign in as a buyer, it will

bring them to the page where they

need to input their login credentials.

They will be taken directly to the

marketplace if they log in

successfully.

The page has a navigation bar

that has a profile button. The

side navigation bar has a

marketplace, transactions,

purchased, messages and user

profile

Pressing the item that they desire;

it will open a form where they will

input the quantity of the items that

they're going to purchase. After

that, they can click the buy now

button if they’re satisfied with

their order.
 If the user signs in as a seller,

it will bring them to the page

where they need to input their

login credentials. They will be

taken directly to the dashboard

if they log in successfully.

The page has a navigation bar similar to

the buyer's carrier. Its side navigation bar

consists of a dashboard that shows

number of customers, items, and orders.

Marketplace, inventory: that includes

adding items, then manage orders,

transactions, messages, and user profile

User – Admin

Log in as an admin will take them

to the page where they need to

input their login credentials as an

administrator. After signing in, it

will load to the dashboard,

showing the number of buyers,

sellers, items, and orders.

The only difference is the sidebar

menu, which consists of a

dashboard, messages, and

manages users with individual

sellers, corporate sellers, and

buyers.

In buyers, the admin can edit

the user's account, view

their transactions, and delete

their account.
 J. Software Evaluation and Computation of Results

Type of End-user

Seller 33
Buyer 27
Grand Total 60

Sellers – Functionality

Verbal
Indicators µ
Interpretation
Somewhat
1.1 The software does what is appropriate 4.48
Satisfied

1.2 The software has all available functions

required for its execution (marketplace, user 4.55 Very Satisfied
profile, and product inventory)

1.3 The software is precise in executing its

function (does what it should be doing or 4.52 Very Satisfied
execute)

1.4 The software is precise in its result 4.58 Very Satisfied

Total 4.53 Very Satisfied

Sellers – Reliability

Verbal
Indicators µ
Interpretation
2.1 The software provides output based on the Somewhat
4.42
expected result - Tolerance to failures Satisfied
2.2 The software provides error free test Somewhat
4.45
feedbacks - Tolerance to failures Satisfied
2.3 The software notify users when invalid
4.52 Very Satisfied
data entry - Tolerance to failures
Somewhat
Total 4.46
Satisfied
Sellers – Usability

Verbal
Indicators µ
Interpretation
3.1 It is easy to understand, learned, used and
4.52 Very Satisfied
appear attractive to the user - Intelligibility
3.2 It is easy to perform functions - Somewhat
4.39
Intelligibility Satisfied
3.3 It provides on-screen prompts and
Somewhat
messages that are clear and helpful - 4.39
Satisfied
Operability
3.4 It provides relevant instructional guide - Somewhat
4.45
Learnability Satisfied
Somewhat
Total 4.44
Satisfied
Buyers – Functionality

Verbal
Indicators µ
Interpretation
1.1 The software does what is Somewhat
4.48
appropriate Satisfied
1.2 The software has all available
functions required for its execution Somewhat
4.41
(marketplace, user profile, and product Satisfied
inventory)
1.3 The software is precise in executing
its function (does what it should be 4.52 Very Satisfied
doing or execute)
Somewhat
1.4 The software is precise in its result 4.48
Satisfied
Somewhat
Total 4.47
Satisfied
Buyers – Reliability

Verbal
Indicators µ
Interpretation
2.1 The software provides output based
Somewhat
on the expected result - Tolerance to 4.37
Satisfied
failures
2.2 The software provides error free test Somewhat
4.41
feedbacks - Tolerance to failures Satisfied
 2.3 The software notify users when
4.59 Very Satisfied
invalid data entry - Tolerance to failures
Somewhat
Total 4.46
Satisfied
Buyers – Usability

Verbal
Indicators µ
Interpretation
3.1 It is easy to understand, learned,
Somewhat
used and appear attractive to the user - 4.44
Satisfied
Intelligibility
3.2 It is easy to perform functions -
4.67 Very Satisfied
Intelligibility
3.3 It provides on-screen prompts and
messages that are clear and helpful - 4.63 Very Satisfied
Operability
3.4 It provides relevant instructional Somewhat
4.07
guide - Learnability Satisfied
Somewhat
Total 4.45
Satisfied
Software Evaluation and Computation of Results

K. Source Code
//index.php
<?php
include("connect.php");
session_start();
// if(empty($_SESSION['username']))
// { echo "<script>window.location='index.php?url=".
base64_encode(urlencode("notifications")) ."';</script>"; }
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<?php
 session_start();
include('header.php');
?>
</head>
<body class="fix-header card-no-border fix-sidebar">
<div class="preloader">
<svg class="circular" viewBox="25 25 50 50">
<circle class="path" cx="50" cy="50" r="20" fill="none" stroke-width="2" stroke-
miterlimit="10" /> </svg>
</div>
<div id="main-wrapper">
<?php include('topbar.php'); ?>
<?php include('leftsidebar.php'); ?>
<div class="page-wrapper">
<?php
$main_menu = base64_decode(urldecode($_GET["url"]));
$sub_menu = base64_decode(urldecode($_GET["sub"]));
if(!isset($_GET['url'])){
echo "<script>window.location='index.php?url=".
base64_encode(urlencode("home")) ."';</script>";
}
else{
if($main_menu == "home"){
include "home/index.php";
}
else if($main_menu == "about"){
include "about/index.php";
}
else if($main_menu == "services"){
 include "services/index.php";
}
else if($main_menu == "contact"){
include "contact/index.php";
}
else if($main_menu == "team"){
include "team/index.php";
}
else if($main_menu == "signinportal"){
include "signinportal/index.php";
}
}
?>
<?php include('footer.php'); ?>
</div>
<!-- ==============================================================
-->
<!-- End Page wrapper -->
<!-- ==============================================================
-->
</div>
<!-- ============================================================== --
>
<!-- End Wrapper -->
<!-- ============================================================== --
>
<!-- ============================================================== --
>
<!-- All Jquery -->
 <!-- ============================================================== --
>
<?php include('jscripts.php'); ?>
</body>
</html>
//script.php
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
$(".fixTable").tableHeadFixer();
$(".contactnum").inputmask("+63 999-999-9999");
dsplylistoffiltercategory();
$("#txtsearchproduct").keyup(function(e){
if($('#txtsearchproduct').val() == ""){
fncdisplayproducts()
} else {
fncdisplayproducts();
}
});
fncdisplayproducts();
$(".numonly").keydown(function(event) {
if ( event.keyCode == 46 || event.keyCode == 8 || event.keyCode == 190 || event.keyCode
== 9 || event.keyCode == 188) {
}else{
if (event.keyCode < 48 || event.keyCode > 57 || event.keyCode == 17) {
event.preventDefault();
}
}
});
});
// DISPLAYING OF PRODUCTS
function fncdisplayproducts(){
var srchprod = $("#txtsearchproduct").val();
var category = $("#filterselectcategory").val();
$.ajax ({
type: 'POST',
url: 'marketplace/class.php',
data: 'srchprod=' + srchprod + '&category=' + category + '&form=fncdisplayproducts' ,
success: function(data) {
$("#displaylistofpro").html(data);
}
})
}
// DISPLAYING OF CATEGORIES
function dsplylistoffiltercategory(){
$.ajax({
type: 'POST',
url: 'marketplace/class.php',
data: 'form=dsplylistoffiltercategory',
success: function(data){
$("#filterselectcategory").html(data);
}
});
}
// DISPLAYING OF PRODUCT DETAILS
function openproductdet(prodID){
$("#modalopenproddet").modal('show');
 $.ajax({
type: 'POST',
url: 'marketplace/class.php',
data: 'prodID=' + prodID + '&form=openproductdet',
success: function(data){
var show = data.split("|");
$("#txtprodID").val(show[0]);
$("#txtprodname").text(show[1]);
$("#txtprodseller").text(show[2]);
$("#txtprodprice").text(show[3]);
$("#txtprodpackaging").text(show[4]);
$("#txtprodkilo").text(show[5]);
$("#txtproddesc").text(show[6]);
$("#txtsellerID").val(show[7]);
$("#prodimage").html(show[8]);
}
});
}
function computetotamt(){
var textprodID = ($("#txtprodprice").text()).replace(/,/g,"");
var textproddetqty = $("#txtproddetqty").val();
var totamt = textprodID * textproddetqty;
$("#txttotalamt").val(totamt);
}
function btnshopnow(){
var textprodID = $("#txtprodID").val();
var textsellerID = $("#txtsellerID").val();
var textproddetqty = $("#txtproddetqty").val();
 var textprodprice = ($("#txtprodprice").text()).replace(/,/g,"");
var texttotalamt = ($("#txttotalamt").val()).replace(/,/g,"");
if(texttotalamt == "" || texttotalamt == 0){
Swal.fire(
'ALERT',
'Please input a quantity.',
'warning'
)
$("#txtproddetqty").css('border','1px #a94442 solid');
} else{
$("#txtproddetqty").css('border','');
$(".preloader").show().css('background','rgba(255,255,255,0.5)');
$.ajax({
type: 'POST',
url: 'marketplace/class.php',
data: 'textprodID=' + textprodID + '&textsellerID=' + textsellerID + '&textproddetqty='
+ textproddetqty + '&textprodprice=' + textprodprice + '&texttotalamt=' + texttotalamt +
'&form=btnshopnow',
success: function(data){
$("#modalopenproddet").modal('hide');
setTimeout(function(){
$(".preloader").hide().css('background','');
Swal.fire(
'Success!',
'Successfully Ordered.',
'success'
)
fncdisplayproducts();
clearproddet();
 },2000);
}
});
}
}
function clearproddet(){
$(".cleartext").val("");
$(".resneed").css('border','');
}
// CHATS
function dsplychats(){
var sellername = $("#txtprodseller").text();
var sellerID = $("#txtsellerID").val();

$("#modalopenchat").modal('show');
$("#txtopenchatheader").text(sellername);
$("#sellerID").val(sellerID);
$("#txtmessage").val("");
displaychats(sellerID);
}
function displaychats(sellerID){
$.ajax ({
type: 'POST',
url: 'marketplace/class.php',
data: 'sellerID=' + sellerID + '&form=displaychats' ,
success: function(data) {
$("#dsplychats").html(data);
}
 })
}
function sendbutton(){
var textmessage = $("#txtmessage").val();
var sellerID = $("#sellerID").val();
if(textmessage != ""){
$.ajax ({
type: 'POST',
url: 'marketplace/class.php',
data: 'textmessage=' + textmessage + '&sellerID=' + sellerID + '&form=sendbutton' ,
success: function(data) {
displaychats(sellerID);
$("#txtmessage").val("");
}
})
} else{
Swal.fire(
'ALERT',
'Please enter a message.',
'warning'
)
}
}
</script>
//seller inventory - index.php
<style type="text/css">
.Iclass{
font-size:1.3rem;
 cursor:pointer;
font-weight: 500;
}
ul.pagination {
display: inline-block;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
ul.pagination li {
cursor: pointer;
display: inline;
color: #3a4651 !important;
font-weight: 600;
padding: 4px 8px;
border: 1px solid #CCC;
}
.pagination li:first-child{
border-top-left-radius: 4px;
border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;
}
.pagination li:last-child{
border-top-right-radius: 4px;
border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;
}
ul.pagination li:hover{
background-color: #3a4651;
color: white !important;
}
 .pagination .active{
background-color: #3a4651;
color: white !important;
}
.table thead th, .table th {
background-color: #33343f !important;
}
.swal2-icon {
margin-bottom: 10px !important;
}
</style>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12">
<div class="card" style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<div class="card-body" style="padding-top: 1rem; padding-bottom: .9rem;">
<div class="row page-titles" style="padding-bottom: 0px;">
<div class="col-md-6 align-self-center">
<h3 class="text-themecolor mb-0 mt-0" style="font-weight:
500">INVENTORY</h3>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 align-self-center">
<ol class="breadcrumb bredneed float-right">
<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="javascript:void(0)"><span style="font-
weight: 400;color: #33343f;">Home</span></a></li>
<li class="breadcrumb-item"><span style="font-weight:
400">Inventory</span></li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
 </div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container-fluid" style="padding: 15px 15px; background-color: white; min-height:
540px; margin-top: 15px;">
<div class="row" style="margin-bottom: .5rem;">
<div class="col-md-8 coldashboardbox3" style="margin-bottom: 10px;">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
<div class="input-group">
<div class="input-group-prepend">
<span class="input-group-text searchinputorder"><i class="fas fa-
search"></i></span>
</div>
<input type="text" class="form-control searchinputorder" id="txtsearchproduct"
placeholder="Search Item . . .">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 coldashboardbox4">
<button class="btn float-right btn-dark btnCpayment buttonproduct"
onclick="modaladdproduct();"><i class="fas fa-plus"></i> Item</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
<hr class="hrpayment" style="margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
 </div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12">
<div class="mb-3">
<table data-height="350" class="table table-bordered fixTable table-hover"
style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<thead class="bg-success text-white">
<tr>
<th style="width: 3%;white-space: nowrap;">Product ID</th>
<th style="width: 5%;white-space: nowrap;">Image</th>
<th style="width: 10%;white-space: nowrap;">Product Name</th>
<th style="width: 10%;white-space: nowrap;">Description</th>
<th style="width: 5%;white-space: nowrap;">Category</th>
<th style="width: 5%;white-space: nowrap;">Packaging</th>
<th style="width: 5%;white-space: nowrap;">Kilo</th>
<th style="width: 3%;white-space: nowrap;text-align:center">Price</th>
<th style="width: 3%;white-space: nowrap;text-align:center">Quantity</th>
<th style="width: 3%;white-space: nowrap;text-align: center;">Option</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody id="tblproductlist"></tbody>
</table>
</div>
<input id="txtproductlistPageCount" type="hidden">
<ul id="upproductlistPageList" class="pagination float-right"></ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<?php
 include("inventory/modal.php");
include("inventory/script.php");
?>
L. Figures
Figure 1: Conceptual Framework

Figure 2: Dynamic Programming Algorithm

 Figure 3: Equivalent Reward (2) Points

Figure 4: Equivalent Reward (4) Points

Figure 5: Equivalent Reward (6) Points

Figure 6: Low Level of Accumulated Points

Figure 7: Agile Methodology

Figure 8: Use-Case Diagram

Figure 9: Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

Figure 10: Data Flow Diagram (Seller)

Figure 11: Data Flow Diagram (Buyer)
Figure 12: Data Flow Diagram (Admin)
Figure 13: Data Flow Diagram (User Profile System)
Figure 14: Use-Case Diagram

Figure 15: Class Diagram

Figure 16: Activity Diagram

Figure 17: Sequence Diagram

 Figure 18: Database Diagram

Figure 19: System Storyboard (Home Page)

Figure 20: System Storyboard (User Registration)

Figure 21: System Storyboard (User Profile)

 Figure 22: System Storyboard (Marketplace)

Figure 23: Agile Testing Methodology (Ltd., 2017)

Figure 24: ISO 9126 Standard Reference

Figure 25: Internet (a)

Figure 26: Cloud (b)

 Figure 27: Community Deployment (c)

Figure 28: Type of End-user

Type of End-user

Buyer
Seller
45% Seller
Buyer
55%
 M. Action Taken on Comments and Recommendations

LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY

Muralla St, Intramuros, Manila, 1002 Metro Manila

COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
Monitoring of Thesis / Capstone Project

FINAL DEFENSE AND PRESENTATION

ACTION TAKEN ON PANELIST’S COMMENTS & RECOMMENDATIONS

Name of Students : Cordano, Hygen Jr. Z.

Paraiso, Clarrence M.

Program : BSCS
Adviser : Dr. Erlito M. Albina

Thesis/ Capstone
Project Title : DEMETER: Online Market Place with Data Analytics for
Agricultural Products using Dynamic Programming Algorithm

Panel Chair : Prof. Maria Corazon D. Adriano

Panel Member 1 : Prof. Mark Anthony P. Cezar
Panel Member 2 : Prof. Christian Terrence B. Esguerra

COMMENTS Panelist Action Taken Page

1. Write your RRL in a
way that each piece
of literature can be Prof. Christian
RRL synthesis was
related to your study. Terrence B. p.22 - 23
improved.
This can be done in Esguerra
the form of a proper
RRL synthesis or
 summary that relates
all aspects to yours.
2. It would be good to
further explain how How the Dynamic
Dynamic Algorithm Prof. Christian Programming
was used in your Terrence B. Algorithm was used in p.21-22
system to make it Esguerra our system is
easier for the readers explained in our RRL.
to see the relevance.
3. Make sure that all the Prof. Christian All the claims in the
claims are cited in the Terrence B. document are cited p.8-23
document. Esguerra properly.
4. Your final synthesis
In our synthesis, it
should also explain
Prof. Christian explains how our
how your study was
Terrence B. study was able to p.22-23
able to accomplish
Esguerra accomplish the
the research
research objective.
objectives.
5. Recommendation - a
mobile app version of Mobile application
Prof. Maria
this system will make version was included
Corazon D. p.76-77
it more accessible to in our
Adriano
both buyers and recommendations.
sellers
Researchers
proposed type of
6. Provision for back
Prof. Maria backup and recovery
and recovery of data
Corazon D. options for system p.76-77
and information in the
Adriano data and information.
system
It can be read in the
recommendations.
7. Broaden the scope,
The system’s
where the system can
Prof. Maria documentation was
accommodate
Corazon D. improved, and the p.76-77
transactions outside
Adriano recommendation is
the CALABARZON
included.
area.
8. Recommendation Other improvements
may include in the functionalities
Prof. Maria
process/functionalities and processes of the
Corazon D. p.76-77
that are not present in system were included
Adriano
your study. in our
recommendations.
9. How dynamic This will help the
programming customer’s buying
algorithm can be a behavior. By using
help to you dynamic algorithm in
application? the reward system,
this will encourage
Prof. Mark both buyers and
p. 16-17
Anthony P. Cezar sellers to engage
more in the system.
This discussion will be
on chapter 2-
algorithm discussion
regarding the
rewarding system.
10. Can you cite your The general objective
main objective you was improved and
Prof. Mark
oversee to address related to the issues p.3
Anthony P. Cezar
matter pertaining to and challenges we’re
agricultural products facing. This was
 explained in Chapter
1.
11. Expand the horizon of Due to some
your research for the restrictions and
whole country not COVID-19, we might
limiting to region 4a, not be able to do that.
Prof. Mark p.5 and
given that not all We explained this part
Anthony P. Cezar p. 76-77
farmers are digital in our scope and
expert. limitations. We also
include it in our
recommendations.
12. Who will act as the This was discussed
administrator? Prof. Mark thoroughly in Chapter
p. 59-60
Anthony P. Cezar 3 – Deployment Plan
of the documentation.
13. How the system can There will be no
monitor import goods Prof. Mark imported products
p. 3
(like sugar, rice) Anthony P. Cezar since the system is for
the local farmers only.
14. To where you will We will recommend
endorse this the system to the
application Department of
Prof. Mark
Agriculture. This was p. 59-60
Anthony P. Cezar
discussed in our
deployment plan in
chapter 3.

System / Software Developed:

COMMENTS Panelist Action Taken Screen Shot

1. Your UI can be Prof. The researchers
Before:
improved. Get Christian improved the
 inspiration from Terrence sign-in page as
working B. requested. We
websites. You Esguerra also included it in
can visit the
awwwards.com recommendations
or other similar in the paper. After:

websites that
evaluate good
design.

2. What is your The reference in DPA - Reward points

reference in assigning points
assigning in the reward
points in the system was
reward based on the
system? farmer’s
- Write your interview. We Purchasing Buyer
answer to this asked them for
Prof.
question when their preferred
Maria
you describe prices for the
Corazon
the new reward points
D.
system. system. Based on
Adriano Points Earned
the interview, the
table shows the
suggested points
for each price the
buyer reached. It
was explained
thoroughly in our
chapter 2:
 Dynamic
Programming
Algorithm.
3. How will you
manage trolls?
I mean how will
you filter user’s
The system will
entry that is not
ask the sellers for
farmers? Are Prof.
their IDs and
there validation Mark
business permits
features of Anthony
to verify that they
your system to P. Cezar
are legitimate
identify that all
farmers.
user member
of your web
apps are all
farmer?
4. Demographics
and statistics
of goods or The items'
items
demographics
Prof.
can be seen in the
Mark
marketplace while
Anthony
the statistics are
P. Cezar
part of the
dashboard.

5.
6.
 7.
8.
9.
10.

Checked by :
Thesis / Capstone Project Adviser

Verified by :
Program Chair

Noted by :
Dean
N. Evaluation Scores

Panel Member 1
Panel Member 2
Panel Chair
 O. Grammarian Certificate

LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY

Muralla corner, Real Street, Intramuros, Manila

GRAMMARIAN’S CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the undersigned has reviewed and went through all the pages of the Thesis

Project entitled, “DEMETER: Online Market Place with Data Analytics for Agricultural Products

using Dynamic Programming Algorithm” developed by HYGEN JR. Z. CORDANO and

CLARRENCE M. PARAISO, aligned with the set of the structural rules that govern the composition

of sentences, phrases and words in English Language.

Signed this 30th day of July in the year of our Lord, 2022 at Manila City.

Signed:

MARIEL COLEEN C. FRAMIL

Grammarian
 CURRICULUM VITAE

SUMMARY OF QUALIFICATIONS
• 4th year Computer Science students with specialization in
Software Engineering
• International Certificate Holder in English for Career
Development short course
• International Certificate Holder in English for Business and
Entrepreneurship short course
• Dean’s Lister, AY 2018 – 22, LPU – Manila
• Academic Scholarship Recipient, LPU – Manila, 2018 – 2022
• With strong English Communication Skills, both oral and
written
• Proficient in MS – Office applications and internet research
HYGEN Z. CORDANO JR.
Web developer in an I.T. Company EDUCATION

• Bachelor of Science in Computer Science with specialization in

Software Engineering; Lyceum of the Philippines University,
Profile Manila, Philippines; To graduate July 2022

Fourth Year student taking Bachelor of • International Certificate Course on “English for Career
Science in Computer Science with Development” (5 weeks); University of Pennsylvania; USA;
specialization in Software Engineering at the Sponsored by the U.S. Embassy in the Philippines; October 1 –
Lyceum of the Philippines University, Manila, November 7, 2019
Philippines. He holds two international
certificates awarded by the U.S. Embassy in the
Philippines after completing University of
Pennsylvania’s courses on “English for Career
SEMINARS
Development” and “English for Business and
Entrepreneurship”. He has participated in • Tech Tutor II, LPU – Manila, September 2019
several trainings and seminar on Tech Talk • Tech Talk Series 2, LPU – Manila, February 2019
Series: Data Science and Analytics, Tech Tutor • Tech Talk Series 1, LPU – Manila, September 2019
11: The Millennial Entrepreneurship.

Contact AFFILIATION
Address: #189 Lower Molave St., Payatas B.,
Quezon City • Member, LPU JPCS, 2018 – present
• Officer, LPU Scholastic Society, 2018 – 2020
Phone: 09497606977 • Member, LPU Scholastic Society, 2020 – present
Email: [email protected]
LinkedIn: ph.linkedin.com/in/hygen-cordano
 SUMMARY OF QUALIFICATIONS
• Bachelor’s Degree holder in Computer Science with
specialization in Software Engineering
• International Certificate Holder in English for Career
Development short course
• International Certificate Holder in English for Business and
Entrepreneurship short course
• Dean’s Lister, AY 2018 – 22, LPU – Manila
• With industry immersion experience
• With strong English Communication Skills, both oral and
written
CLARRENCE M. PARAISO • Proficient in MS – Office applications and internet research

Web developer in an I.T. Company EDUCATION

TERTIARY:
Lyceum of the Philippines University - Manila
Profile Bachelor of Science in Computer Science with specialization in
Software Engineering
Fourth-year student taking Bachelor of
Science in Computer Science with 2018-2022
specialization in Software Engineering at the
Lyceum of the Philippines University, Manila, SECONDARY:
Philippines. She holds two international University of Perpetual Help System DALTA- Molino
certificates awarded by the U.S. Embassy in the
General Academic Strand
Philippines after completing University of
Pennsylvania's courses on "English for Career 2016-2018
Development" and "English for Business and
Entrepreneurship". She has participated in
several training and seminar on Tech Talk SEMINARS
Series: Data Science and Analytics, Tech Tutor
11: The Millennial Entrepreneurship.
• Tech Tutor II, LPU – Manila, September 2019
• Tech Talk Series 2, LPU – Manila, February 2019
Contact • Tech Talk Series 1, LPU – Manila, September 2019

Address: #255 Niog 2 Bacoor, Cavite

Phone: 09683842311
AFFILIATION
Email: [email protected]
• Member, LPU JPCS, 2018 – present
LinkedIn: ph.linkedin.com/in/clarrence-paraiso • Member, LPU Scholastic Society, 2018 – present