Chapter 9: Percentage

Page number: 121

Question 1:
Solution:
48 12
(i) 48%  
100 25
220 11
(ii) 220%  
100 5
2.5 25 1
(iii) 2.5%   
100 1000 40

Question 2:
Solution:
6
(i) 6%   0.06
100
72
(ii) 72%   0.072
100
125
(iii) 125%   1.25
100

Question 3:
Solution:
9
(i)
25
 9 
  100  %
 25 
 9  4 %
 36%
3
(ii)
125
 3 
 100  %
 125 
 2.4%
12
(iii)
5

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  12 
  100  %
5 
 240%

Question 4:
Solution:
4 4 
4 : 5     100   80%
5 5 

Question 5:
Solution:
125 5
125%    5:4
100 4

Question 6:
Solution:We have,
2 20  20 1  1
6 % %    0.06
3 3  3 100  15
3
Also,  0.15
20
The third number is 0.14.
Clearly, 0.15 is the largest.
3
Hence, is the largest.
20

Question 7:
Solution:
 96 
(i) Required percentage =   100  %  64%
 100 
 200 
(ii) Required percentage =   100  %  4%
 5  100 
 250 
(iii) Required percentage =   100  %  12.5%
 2  100 

Question 8:
Solution:
1 9
4 %
2 2 100

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 9 9
 of Rs.3600 =  3600  Rs.162 .
200 200

Question 9:
Solution:
Let the number be x.
16% of x is 72.
16
  x  72
100
 16 x  72 100
 16 x  7200
7200
x  450
16
Therefore, the required number is 450.

Question 10:
Solution:
Let Rs. x be his monthly income.
His savings = 18% of Rs. x
 18 
 Rs.  x  
 100 
9x
 Rs.
50
9x
Now,  1890
50
 50 
 x  Rs. 1890  
 9 
 x  Rs.10500
Therefore, his monthly income is Rs.10500.

Question 11:
Solution:
Let x be the total number of games played.
Percentage of games won = 35% of x
 35 
  x 
 100 
35 x

100

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 35 x
Now, 7
100
 100 
 x  7 
 35 
 x  20
Therefore, the total number of games played is 20.

Question 12:
Solution:
Let Rs. x be Amit’s old salary.
 20 
His salary after increment will be Rs.  x  x
 100 
According to the question, we have:
20
 x x  15300
100
100 x  20 x
  15300
100
120 x
  15300
100
 120 x  15300 100
15300 100
x
120
 x  12750
Therefore, the old salary is Rs.12,750.

Question 13:
Solution:
Let x be the number of days the school was opened.
Number of days Sonal attended school = 204 days
Percentage of her attendance = 85% of x
 85 
  x 
 100 
85 x

100
85 x
Now,  204
100
 100 
 x   204  
 85 
 x  240

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Therefore, the school was opened for 240 days.

Question 14:
Solution:
Let B’s income be Rs.100
Then, A’s income = Rs. 80

Therefore, B’s income is more than A’s income by =

Question 15:
Solution:
Let the consumption of petrol originally be 1 unit and let its cost be Rs.100.
New cost of 1 unit of petrol = Rs.110
Now, Rs.110 will yield 1 unit of petrol.
 1  10
i.e., Rs.100 will yield   100  , i.e., units of petrol.
 110  11
 10  1
Now, reduction in consumption = 1    units
 11  11
1 1  1
Percentage of reduction =    100  %  9 %
 11 1  11
1
Therefore, a motorist must reduce the consumption of petrol by 9 %.
11

Question 16:
Solution:
Let x be the population of the town a year ago. Then, present population = 108% of x
 108  27 x
  x 
 100  25
27 x
Now,  54000
25
 25 
 x   54000  
 27 
 x  50000
Hence, the population of the town a year ago was 50000.

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Question 17:
Solution:
Let Rs. x be the value of the machine last year.
Then, the present value = 80% of Rs. x
 80 
 Rs.  x  
 100 
4x
 Rs.
5
4x
Now,  160000
5
 5
 x  160000  
 4
 x  40000  5  200000
Hence, the value of the machine last year was Rs.200000.

Question 18:
Solution:
Mass of the alloy = 1 kg
Percentage of copper = 40%
Percentage of nickel = 32%
Percentage of zinc = {100-(40+32)}% = 28%
 28 
Therefore, mass of zinc in 1 kg of alloy =   1 kg
 100 
 0.28kg
 0.28 1000 g
 280 g

Question 19:
Solution:
Amount of protein = 12% of 2600
 12 
  2600  
 100 
 312Cal
Amount of fats = 25% of 2600
 25 
  2600  
 100 
 650Cal
Amount of carbohydrates = 63% of 2600

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  63 
  2600  
 100 
 1638Cal

Question 20:
Solution:
Let x be the amount of gunpowder.
Amount of nitre = 75%
Let x kg be the amount of gunpowder containing 9 kg of nitre.
i.e., (75% of x ) = 9 kg
 75 
  x 9
 100 
75 x
 9
100
 100 
 x  9 
 75 
 x  12kg
Hence, 12 kg of gunpowder contains 9 kg of nitre.
Now, amount of sulphur = 10%
Let x kg be the amount of gunpowder containing 2.5 kg of sulphur.
i.e., (10% of x ) = 2.5 kg
 10 
  x   2.5
 100 
10 x
  2.5
100
x
  2.5
10
 x  25kg
Hence, 25 kg of gunpowder contains 2.5 kg of sulphur.

Question 21:
Solution:
Let x be the amount of money received by C.
Then, amount of money B gets = (50% of Rs. x )
Amount of money A gets = (50% of B)
= (25% of Rs. x )
Now, x + (50% of Rs. x ) + (25% of Rs. x ) = Rs.7000

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  50   25 
 x   x    x   7000
 100   100 
50 x 25 x
 x   7000
100 100
175 x
  7000
100
100
 x  7000 
175
 x  Rs.4000
Therefore, C gets Rs.4000
Amount of money B gets = (50% of Rs. x )
= 50% 0f 4000
50
= 4000   Rs.2000
100
Amount of money A gets = (25% of Rs. x )
= 25% 0f 4000
25
= 4000   Rs.1000
100

Question 22:
Solution:
22 carat gold contains 22 parts pure gold out of 24 parts.
Also, 24 carat gold is given to be 100% pure.
 22  2
Therefore, percentage of pure gold in 22 carat gold =   100  %  91 %
 24  3
2
Hence, 22 carat gold contains 91 % of pure gold.
3

Question 23:
Solution:
Let the original salary be Rs.100.
Then, after increment of 25% the salary becomes
 25   125 
 100 1    100    Rs.125
 100   100 
To restore the original salary, let the new salary be decreased by x%.
Thus, we get

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  x 
125 1    100
 100 
 x  100 4
 1   
 100  125 5
x 1
 
100 5
100
x  20%
x
Therefore, the new salary must be reduced by 20% to restore the original salary.

Page number: 123

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Question 1.
(a) 30% (b) 40% (c) 45% (d) 60%
Solution:(d) 60%
3
100  60%
5

Question 2.
Solution:(b) 0.008
0.8 8
0.8%    0.008
100 1000

Question 3.
Solution:(c) 120%
6
6 : 5  100  120%
5

Question 4.
Solution:(d) 180
5
x9
100
9  100
x   180
5

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Question 5.
1
Solution: (c) 133 %
3
x
 90  120
100
120  100 400 1
x    133 %
90 3 3

Question 6.
Solution:(d) 2.5%
250
250 g  kg
1000
x 250
 10 
100 1000
250 100
x   2.5%
10  1000

Question 7.
Solution: (b) 600
40 x
 240
100
240  100
x   600
40

Question 8.
Solution: (c) 15
x
 400  60
100
60  100
x   15%
400

Question 9.
Solution:(d) 560
 180 x 
 
 100   504
2
180 x
  504  2
100
504  2 100
x   560
180

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Question 10.
Solution:(a) Rs.160
20
 800  Rs.160
100

Question 11.
Solution: (c) 175
56
x  98
100
98  100
x   175
56

Question 12.
Solution:(b) decreases by 1%
Let x be the first number.
x 11x
Increase by 10% = x  
10 10
 11x 
11x  10  99 x
Now decrease by 10% =  
10 10 100
99 x x
So, decrease % is x   i.e., 1%
100 100

Question 13.
3
Solution: (a) 18 %
4
4 hours 30 min = (4 × 60) +30= 270 min
Total min of a day = 24 × 60 = 1440 min
270 75 3
100   18 %
1440 4 4

Question 14.
Solution:(c) 1200
Per cent examinees passed = 65%
Therefore, per cent of failures = 100 – 65 = 35%
35
x  420
100
420  100
x   1200
35

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Question 15.
Solution:
Let the number be x .
20 x
So, 20% of x = x
100 5
Now,
x
x   40
5
4x
 40
5
40  5
x  50
4

Question 16.
Solution:(c) 120
1 55 55 1 11
27 %  %   
2 2 2 100 40
11x
x  87
40
29 x
  87
40
87  40
x   120
29

Question 17.
Solution:(c) 0.25%
x
 20  0.05
100
0.05 100
x   0.25%
20

Question 18.
Solution:(d) 300%
1
1206  402
3
x
 134  402
100
402  100
x   300%
134

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Question 19.
Solution: (a) x
x y
y x
100 100

Question 20.
Solution: (b) 10%
x 2 1
 
100 7 35
1 7 100
x   10%
35  2

Page number: 125

A. Question 1.
Solution:
24 6
(i) 24% = 
100 25
105
(ii) 105% =  1.05
100
4
(iii) 4:5 = 100  80%
5
56 14
(iv) 56% =   14 : 25
100 25

Question 2.
Solution: Let the number be x .
34
x  85
100
85  100
x   250
34

Question 3.
Solution:
Let Rs. x be the value of the machine last year.
Then, the present value = 90% of Rs. x

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  90 
 Rs.  x  
 100 
9x
 Rs.
10
9x
Now,  54000
10
 10 
 x   54000  
 9
 x  6000 10  60000
Hence, the value of the machine last year was Rs.60000.

Question 4.
Solution:
Mass of the alloy = 1 kg
Percentage of copper = 30%
Percentage of nickel = 42%
Percentage of zinc = {100-(30+42)}% = 28%
 28 
Therefore, mass of zinc in 1 kg of alloy =   1 kg
 100 
 0.28kg
 0.28 1000 g
 280 g

Question 5.
Solution:
Let x be the total number of students.
60 x
Number of boys = 60% of x =
100
Number of girls = 14
So, Total number of students = no. of boys + no. of girls
60 x
x   14
100
60 x
x  14
100
40 x
  14
100
14  100
x   35
40

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Question 6.
Solution:
We have,
1 25  25 1  1
8 % %    0.08
3 3  3 100  12
4
Also,  0.16
25
The third number is 0.15.
Clearly, 0.16 is the largest.
4
Hence, is the largest.
25

B. Question 7.
Solution: (d) 10%
x 2 1
 
100 9 45
1 9 100
x   10%
45  2

Question 8.
Solution: (c) 120
30 x
x  84
100
70 x
  84
100
84  100
x   120
70

Question 9.
Solution: (b) 15%
x
 320  48
100
48  100
x   15%
320

Question 10.
Solution: (d) 120%
x
 45  54
100
54  100
x   120%
45

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Question 11.
Solution: (c) 80
Let the number be x .
25 x
So, 25% of x = x
100 4
Now,
x
x   60
4
3x
 60
4
60  4
x  80
3

Question 12.
Solution: (c) 240
5
x  12
100
12  100
x   240
5

C. Question 13.
Solution:
1
(i) 7 % of Rs.1200 = Rs.90
2
(ii) 240 ml is 8% of 3L.
(iii) If x% of 35 is 42, then x = 120.
12
(iv)  240%
5
(v) 120 = (150)% of 80.

D. Question 14.
Solution:
(i) 6% of 8 is 48. - F
(ii) 6:5 = 30% -F
3
(iii)  60% - T
5
(iv) 6 hours = 25% of a day. - T

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