INDEX

Sr.no Program
1 Write a python program to Prepare Scatter Plot (Use Forge Dataset / Iris
Dataset)

2 Write a python program to find all null values in a given data set and
remove them.
3 Write a python program the Categorical values in numeric format for a
given dataset.
4 Write a python program to implement simple Linear Regression for
predicting house price.
5 Write a python program to implement multiple Linear Regression for a
given dataset.
6 Write a python program to implement Polynomial Regression for given
dataset.
7 Write a python program to Implement Naïve Bayes.

8 Write a python program to Implement Decision Tree whether or not to

play tennis.
9 Write a python program to implement linear SVM.

10 Write a python program to find Decision boundary by using a neural

network with 10 hidden units on two moons dataset
11 Write a python program to transform data with Principal Component
Analysis (PCA)
12 Write a python program to implement k-nearest Neighbors ML algorithm
to build prediction model (Use Forge Dataset)
13 Write a python program to implement k-means algorithm on a synthetic
dataset.
14 Write a python program to implement Agglomerative clustering on a
synthetic dataset.
 1. Write a python program to Prepare Scatter Plot (Use Forge
Dataset Iris Dataset)

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

from sklearn.datasets import load_iris

iris = load_iris()

df= pd.DataFrame(data= np.c_[iris['data'], iris['target']],

columns= iris['feature_names'] + ['target'])

# select setosa and versicolor

y = df.iloc[0:100, 4].values
y = np.where(y == 'Iris-setosa', 0, 1)

# extract sepal length and petal length

X = df.iloc[0:100, [0, 2]].values

# plot data
plt.scatter(X[:50, 0], X[:50, 1],
color='blue', marker='o', label='Setosa')
plt.scatter(X[50:100, 0], X[50:100, 1],
color='green', marker='s', label='Versicolor')

plt.xlabel('Sepal length [cm]')

plt.ylabel('Petal length [cm]')
plt.legend(loc='upper left')

# plt.savefig('images/02_06.png', dpi=300)
plt.show()
Output:
2. Write a python program to find all null values in a given data set and
remove them.

import pandas as pd

df = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

null_mask = df.isnull()

null_columns = df.columns[null_mask.any()]

null_rows = df.loc[:, null_columns]

df = df.dropna(axis=0, subset=null_columns)

df.to_csv('clean_data.csv', index=False)

Output:
3. Write a python program the Categorical values in numeric format for a
given dataset.

from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder

import pandas as pd

def convert_categorical_to_numeric(dataframe, column_name):

# Create a label encoder object

encoder = LabelEncoder()

# Fit the encoder to the categorical column

encoder.fit(dataframe[column_name])

# Transform the categorical column to numeric format

dataframe[column_name] = encoder.transform(dataframe[column_name])

# Example usage

df = pd.DataFrame({'col1': ['cat', 'dog', 'bird', 'cat', 'dog', 'bird'], 'col2': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]})

convert_categorical_to_numeric(df, 'col1')

print(df)

Output:

col1 col2
0 1 1
1 2 2
2 0 3
3 1 4
4 2 5
5 0 6
4. Write a python program to implement simple Linear Regression for
predicting house price.

import numpy as np

from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression

# Assume that we have a dataset with two columns: 'area' and 'price',

# where 'area' is the size of the house in square feet and 'price' is the price of the house

X = np.array([[1000], [1500], [2000], [2500], [3000]])

y = np.array([300000, 400000, 500000, 600000, 700000])

# Create a Linear Regression model

model = LinearRegression()

# Fit the model to the training data

model.fit(X, y)

# Predict the price of a house with an area of 3500 square feet

prediction = model.predict([[3500]])

print(prediction)

Output:

[800000.]
5. Write a python program to implement multiple Linear Regression for a
given dataset.

import pandas as pd

from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression

# Assume that we have a dataset with three columns: 'area', 'bedrooms', and 'price',

# where 'area' is the size of the house in square feet, 'bedrooms' is the number of bedrooms,

# and 'price' is the price of the house

df = pd.DataFrame({'area': [1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000],

'bedrooms': [3, 4, 5, 6, 7],

'price': [300000, 400000, 500000, 600000, 700000]})

# Create a Linear Regression model

model = LinearRegression()

# Split the data into training and test sets

X = df[['area', 'bedrooms']]

y = df['price']

model.fit(X, y)

# Predict the price of a house with an area of 3500 square feet and 4 bedrooms

prediction = model.predict([[3500, 4]])

print(prediction)

Output:

[799998.4000064]
6. Write a python program to implement Polynomial Regression for given
dataset.

import numpy as np

import pandas as pd

from sklearn.preprocessing import PolynomialFeatures

from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression

# Assume that we have a dataset with two columns: 'area' and 'price',

# where 'area' is the size of the house in square feet and 'price' is the price of the house

df = pd.DataFrame({'area': [1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000],

'price': [300000, 400000, 500000, 600000, 700000]})

# Create a Linear Regression model

model = LinearRegression()

# Create a polynomial transformer object with a degree of 2

poly_transformer = PolynomialFeatures(degree=2)

# Transform the 'area' column to polynomial features

X_poly = poly_transformer.fit_transform(df[['area']])

# Fit the model to the transformed data

model.fit(X_poly, df['price'])

# Predict the price of a house with an area of 3500 square feet

prediction = model.predict(poly_transformer.transform([[3500]]))

print(prediction)

Output:
[799998.4000064]
7. Write a python program to Implement Naïve Bayes.

import numpy as np

from sklearn.naive_bayes import GaussianNB

# Assume that we have a dataset with two features: 'age' and 'income',

# and a target variable: 'purchased'

X = np.array([[20, 50000], [30, 60000], [40, 80000], [50, 100000], [60, 120000]])

y = np.array(['yes', 'no', 'yes', 'no', 'yes'])

# Create a Gaussian Naive Bayes model

model = GaussianNB()

# Fit the model to the training data

model.fit(X, y)

# Predict whether a person with an age of 25 and an income of 55000 will purchase a product

prediction = model.predict([[25, 55000]])

print(prediction)

Output:

['yes']
8. Write a python program to Implement Decision Tree whether or
not to play tennis.

#numpy and pandas initialization

import numpy as np

import pandas

PlayTennis = pandas.read_csv('playtennis.csv')

print(PlayTennis)

from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder

Le = LabelEncoder()

PlayTennis['outlook'] = Le.fit_transform(PlayTennis['outlook'])

PlayTennis['temp'] = Le.fit_transform(PlayTennis['temp'])

PlayTennis['humidity'] = Le.fit_transform(PlayTennis['humidity'])

PlayTennis['windy'] = Le.fit_transform(PlayTennis['windy'])

PlayTennis['play'] = Le.fit_transform(PlayTennis['play'])

print(PlayTennis)

y = PlayTennis['play']

X = PlayTennis.drop(['play'],axis=1)

# Fitting the model

from sklearn import tree

clf = tree.DecisionTreeClassifier(criterion = 'entropy')

clf = clf.fit(X, y)

# We can visualize the tree using tree.plot_tree

tree.plot_tree(clf)
# The predictions are stored in X_pred

X_pred = clf.predict(X)

# verifying if the model has predicted it all right.

X_pred == y

Output:
outlook temp humidity windy play
0 sunny hot high False no
1 sunny hot high True no
2 overcast hot high False yes
3 rainy mild high False yes
4 rainy cool normal False yes
5 rainy cool normal True no
6 overcast cool normal True yes
7 sunny mild high False no
8 sunny cool normal False yes
9 rainy mild normal False yes
10 sunny mild normal True yes
11 overcast mild high True yes
12 overcast hot normal False yes
13 rainy mild high True no

outlook temp humidity windy play

0 2 1 0 0 0
1 2 1 0 1 0
2 0 1 0 0 1
3 1 2 0 0 1
4 1 0 1 0 1
5 1 0 1 1 0
6 0 0 1 1 1
7 2 2 0 0 0
8 2 0 1 0 1
9 1 2 1 0 1
10 2 2 1 1 1
11 0 2 0 1 1
12 0 1 1 0 1
13 1 2 0 1 0
9. Write a python program to implement linear SVM.

import numpy as np

from sklearn.svm import LinearSVC

# Assume that we have a dataset with two features: 'age' and 'income',

# and a target variable: 'purchased'

X = np.array([[20, 50000], [30, 60000], [40, 80000], [50, 100000], [60, 120000]])

y = np.array(['yes', 'no', 'yes', 'no', 'yes'])

# Create a Linear SVM model

model = LinearSVC()

# Fit the model to the training data

model.fit(X, y)

# Predict whether a person with an age of 25 and an income of 55000 will purchase a product

prediction = model.predict([[25, 55000]])

print(prediction)

Output:

['no']
10. Write a python program to find Decision boundary by using a neural
network with 10 hidden units on two moons dataset

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from sklearn.datasets import make_moons

from sklearn.neural_network import MLPClassifier

import numpy as np

# Generate the two moons dataset

X, y = make_moons(n_samples=1000, noise=0.1)

# Create a neural network with 10 hidden units

model = MLPClassifier(hidden_layer_sizes=(10,), solver='lbfgs', random_state=1)

# Fit the model to the training data

model.fit(X, y)

# Plot the decision boundary

plt.scatter(X[:, 0], X[:, 1], c=y, cmap=plt.cm.RdBu, edgecolor='k')

h = 0.01

x_min, x_max = X[:, 0].min() - 0.1, X[:, 0].max() + 0.1

y_min, y_max = X[:, 1].min() - 0.1, X[:, 1].max() + 0.1

xx, yy = np.meshgrid(np.arange(x_min, x_max, h), np.arange(y_min, y_max, h))

Z = model.predict(np.c_[xx.ravel(), yy.ravel()])

Z = Z.reshape(xx.shape)

plt.contour(xx, yy, Z, cmap=plt.cm.Paired)

plt.show()
Output:
11. Write a python program to transform data with Principal Component
Analysis (PCA)

import numpy as np

from sklearn.decomposition import PCA

# Assume that we have a dataset with three features: 'length', 'width', and 'height'

X = np.array([[2, 3, 4], [3, 4, 5], [4, 5, 6], [5, 6, 7]])

# Create a PCA transformer object with a target dimension of 2

pca = PCA(n_components=2)

# Transform the data to the new lower-dimensional space

X_transformed = pca.fit_transform(X)

print(X_transformed)

Output:

[[ 2.59807621 0. ]
[ 0.8660254 0. ]
[-0.8660254 0. ]
[-2.59807621 -0. ]]
12. Write a python program to implement k-nearest Neighbors ML
algorithm to build prediction model (Use Forge Dataset)

import numpy as np

import pandas as pd

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from sklearn.datasets import make_blobs

from sklearn.neighbors import KNeighborsClassifier

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split

X, y = make_blobs(n_samples = 500, n_features = 2, centers = 4,cluster_std = 1.5, random_state = 4)

plt.style.use('seaborn')

plt.figure(figsize = (10,10))

plt.scatter(X[:,0], X[:,1], c=y, marker= '*',s=100,edgecolors='black')

plt.show()

X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, random_state = 0)

knn5 = KNeighborsClassifier(n_neighbors = 5)

knn1 = KNeighborsClassifier(n_neighbors=1)

knn5.fit(X_train, y_train)

knn1.fit(X_train, y_train)

y_pred_5 = knn5.predict(X_test)

y_pred_1 = knn1.predict(X_test)

from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score

print("Accuracy with k=5", accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred_5)*100)

print("Accuracy with k=1", accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred_1)*100)

plt.figure(figsize = (15,5))

plt.subplot(1,2,1)

plt.scatter(X_test[:,0], X_test[:,1], c=y_pred_5, marker= '*', s=100,edgecolors='black')

plt.title("Predicted values with k=5", fontsize=20)

plt.subplot(1,2,2)

plt.scatter(X_test[:,0], X_test[:,1], c=y_pred_1, marker= '*', s=100,edgecolors='black')

plt.title("Predicted values with k=1", fontsize=20)

plt.show()

Output:
13. Write a python program to implement k-means algorithm on a synthetic
dataset.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from sklearn.datasets import make_blobs

from sklearn.cluster import KMeans

# Generate the synthetic dataset

X, y = make_blobs(n_samples=300, centers=4, random_state=0, cluster_std=1.0)

# Create a KMeans model with 4 clusters

model = KMeans(n_clusters=4)

# Fit the model to the data

model.fit(X)

# Predict the cluster labels for each point

y_pred = model.predict(X)

# Plot the data and the cluster labels

plt.scatter(X[:, 0], X[:, 1], c=y_pred, cmap=plt.cm.RdBu, edgecolor='k')

plt.show()
Output:
14. Write a python program to implement Agglomerative clustering on a
synthetic dataset.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from sklearn.datasets import make_blobs

from sklearn.cluster import AgglomerativeClustering

# Generate the synthetic dataset

X, y = make_blobs(n_samples=300, centers=4, random_state=0, cluster_std=1.0)

# Create an Agglomerative Clustering model with 4 clusters

model = AgglomerativeClustering(n_clusters=4)

# Fit the model to the data

model.fit(X)

# Predict the cluster labels for each point

y_pred = model.fit_predict(X)

# Plot the data and the cluster labels

plt.scatter(X[:, 0], X[:, 1], c=y_pred, cmap=plt.cm.RdBu, edgecolor='k')

plt.show()
Output: