Resolution of a Force into

components

• The process of splitting up the given force in

to a number of components, without changing
its effect on body is called resolution of a
force.
• Resolution along any two directions ( Not
mutually perpendicular)

Y’
F α + β ≠ 90º
α
O β
x’
 Y’

Fy F
α α
β Fy
O
180 – α - β
Fx
x’
= =
• Resolution into Rectangular components
(mutually perpendicular)
– Most common 2D resolution of a force vector
– Express in terms of unit vectors î , ĵ
 y
j

F
Fy

q i x
Fx
F  Fx  Fy  Fxˆi  Fyˆj
Fx  F cos q , Fy  F sinq

Scalar components – can

2 2
F F  Fx  Fy
be positive and negative

1 y
F
q  tan
Fx
A force of 800 N is exerted on a bolt A as shown in Figure.
Determine the horizontal and vertical components of the force
• Rectangular components are convenient for
finding the sum or resultant R of two (or more)
forces which are concurrent

R  F1  F2  (F1xˆi  F1yˆj )  (F2 xˆi  F2 yˆj )

= (F1x  F2 x )ˆi  (F1y  F2 y )ˆj
R  F1  F2  (F1xˆi  F1yˆj )  (F2 xˆi  F2 yˆj )
= (F1x  F2 x )ˆi  (F1y  F2 y )ˆj
S
P

R = P+ S+ Q
 Sy j Py j
S
P
Sx i
Px i
A
Qx i
Qy j
Q

R = P+ S+ Q
 Ry j

Rx i
A

Rx = Px + Sx + Qx Ry = Py + Sy + Qy

Rx = ∑Fx Ry = ∑Fy
1. Determine the magnitude and direction of
the resultant of five forces. Specify its
direction measured counter clockwise from
the positive x axis.
F2 = 50 kN
F1 = 40 kN
F3 = 60 kN
70
50

60 50

F5 = 55 kN
F4 = 45 kN
 F2 = 50 kN
F1 = 40 kN
F3 = 60 kN
70
50

60 50

F5 = 55 kN
F4 = 45 kN
Fy = 40 sin50
F1 = 40 kN

50

Fx = 40 cos 50
 F2 = 50 kN
Fx = 50 sin 90

Fx = 50 cos 90
 F3 = 60 cos 70

F3 = 60 kN
70

F3 = 60 sin 70
Sr. Force x- component y- component
No.
1 F1 = 40 kN 40 cos50◦ 40 sin50◦
2 F2 = 50 kN 50 cos90◦ 50 sin90◦
3 F3 = 60 kN - 60 sin70◦ 60 cos70◦
4 F4 = 45 kN -45 cos60◦ - 45 sin60◦
5 F5 = 55 kN 55 cos50◦ - 55 sin50◦
Rx = -17.32 Ry = 20.06
Sr. Force x- component y- component
No.
1 F1 = 40 kN + 25.71 + 30.64
2 F2 = 50 kN 0 + 50.00
3 F3 = 60 kN - 56.38 + 20.52
4 F4 = 45 kN -22.50 - 38.97
5 F5 = 55 kN +35.35 - 42.13
Rx = -17.32 Ry = 20.06
 R = Rx i + Ry j

R = (-17.32 kN) i + (20.06 kN) j

R  ( Rx)  ( Ry )
2 2

R  (17.32)  ( 20.06)
2 2

R  26.50 kN
 R = (-17.32 kN) i + (20.06 kN) j

R  26.50 kN

 Ry   20.06 
  tan  
1   tan 
1

 Rx   17.32 

  49.19
 R  26.50 kN
F2 = 50 kN
F1 = 40 kN
F3 = 60 kN
70
  49.19 50

60 50

F5 = 55 kN
F4 = 45 kN

E  26.50 kN
1. Four forces acts on bolt A as shown. Determine the
resultant forces on the bolt.
R = 199.6 N
Equilibrium of Rigid bodies

F y   Ry  0
 Equilibrium of Rigid bodies

F2
F1
F3

F5
F4

F
X   Rx  0
F
y   Ry  0
A C D E F B

F
X   Rx  0
F
y   Ry  0

M 0
A system of connected flexible cables shown in figure is supporting
two vertical forces 200N and 250 N at points B and D. Determine the
forces in various segments of the cable.
C

30◦

A B
E
60◦ 45◦
D

200 N

250 N
 TDE
TBC
30◦
B D 45◦
TBA TDB
60◦
TBD 250 N
200 N
 TDE
TDB
D 45◦

250 N

30◦ 45◦

120◦ 135◦

250 N

TDB TDE 250

 
sin135 sin120 sin105
TDB = 183 N
TDE = 224.1 N
 TBC
30◦
TBA
B
F X 0
60◦
TBD
F y 0
200 N

F y 0
TBD cos 60  200  TBC cos 30
TBC  336.6 N

 Fx  0
TBD sin 60  TBC sin 30  TBA
TBA  326.8 N
 TDE
TBC
30◦
B D 45◦
TBA TDB
60◦
TBD 250 N
200 N

TDE  224.1N
TDB  183.0 N
TBC  336.6 N
TBA  326.8 N
Two smooth spheres each of radius 100 mm and weighing 100 N, rest
in a horizontal channel having vertical walls, the distance between
which is 360 mm. Find the reactions at the points of contact A, B, C
and D as shown in figure.

360 mm

B
A

C
 360 mm

B A
Rb
D
37
Ra
C

Ra Rb 100
  100 N
sin127 sin90 sin143
 360 mm

B A Rc

C 37 Rd

166.67 N
100 N
 360 mm

B A

C RA = 133.33 N
RB = 166.66 N
RC = 200 N
RD = 133.33 N
Two identical cylinders, each weighing 500 N are placed in a trough as
shown in figure. Determine the reactions developed at contact points
A, B, C and D. Assume all points of contact are smooth.

B
Ra

D
C A
30°
Rb

500 N
Two identical cylinders, each weighing 500 N are placed in a trough as
shown in figure. Determine the reactions developed at contact points
A, B, C and D. Assume all points of contact are smooth.

D
C A
RA = 433 N
30° RB = 250N
RC = 721.7 N
RD = 577.4 N