THE WEB AND THE INTERNET

Overview Internet is defined as an information superhighway, to access information

over the web. However, it can be defined in many ways, internet is a world-wide global
system of interconnected computer networks.

Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the student should be able to:

• Explore the current breakthrough technologies and disruptive innovations that have
emerged over the past few years.

• Identify and analyze various emerging technologies.

• Explore the evolution of the internet.

• Identify and understand the different uses of internet in today’s generation.

• Discuss the fundamental terms and definitions used in the internet.

The Web (World Wide Web) consists of information organized into Web pages
containing text and graphic images. The world wide web is larger collection of
interconnected documents or content. It contains hypertext links, or highlighted
keywords and images that lead to related information. A collection of linked Web pages
that has a common theme or focus is called a Web site. The main page that all of the
pages on a particular Web site are organized around and link back to is called the
site’s home page. Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee OM KBE FRS FREng FRSA FBCS,
also known as TimBL, is an English engineer and computer scientist best known as
the inventor of the World Wide Web. He is a Professorial Fellow of Computer Science at
the University of Oxford and a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

A. Web 1.0 (Read Only Static Web)

It is an old internet that only allows people to read from the internet. First stage
worldwide linking web pages and hyperlink. Web is use as “information portal”. It uses
table to positions and align elements on page.

• Most read only web. If focused on company’s home pages.

• Dividing the world wide web into usable directories

• It means web is use as “Information Portal”

• It started with the simple idea “put content together

Example of Web 1.0

• Mp3.com

• Home Page

• Directories

• Page Views

• HTML/Portals.

Disadvantages

• Read only web

• Limited user interaction

• Lack of standards

B. Web 2.0 (Read-write interactive web)

A term used to describe a new generation of Web services and applications with an
increasing emphasis on human collaboration.

• It is a platform that gives users the possibility (liberty) to control their data.

• This is about user-generated content and the read-write web.

• People are consuming as well as contributing information through blogs or sites.

• Allows the user to interact with the page known as DYNAMIC PAGE; instead of just
reading a page, the user may be able to comment or create a user account. Dynamic
page refers to the web pages that are affected by user input or preference.

• Is focused on the ability for people to collaborate and share information online via
social media, blogging and Web-based communities.

Example of Web 2.0 are the following:

A. Social Networking - is the use of Internet-based social media sites to stay

connected with friends, family, colleagues, customers, or clients. Social networking
can have a social purpose, a business purpose, or both, through sites such as:

Example

Facebook Pinterest

Twitter Tumblr

LinkedIn Instagram
Google+ Page

B. Blogs - is a discussion or informational website published on the world wide web

consisting of discrete, often informal diary-style text entries (posts). Posts are typically
displayed in reverse chronological order, so that the most recent post appears first, at
the top of the web page.

Example

Wordpress

Blogger

Tumbler

C. Wikis - is a hypertext publication collaboratively edited and managed by its own

audience directly using a web browser. A typical wiki contains multiple pages for the
subjects or scope of the project and may be either open to the public or limited to use
within an organization for maintaining its internal knowledge base.

Example:

Wikipedia Wikibooks

Wikiversity Commons

Wiktionary Wikiquote

Wikivoyage Wikidata

Wikinews Wikispecies

MediaWiki

D. Video Sharing Sites - a website that lets people upload and share their video clips
with the public at large or to invited guests.

Example:

Youtube Facebook Twitter

LinkedIn Flickr Veoh

Photobucket LinkedIn Dailymotion

Flickr Photobucket VimeoPRO

Myspace.com Metacafe

Key Features of Web 2.0:

• Folksonomy – allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information using
freely chosen keywords (e.g. tagging).

• Rich User Interface – content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s input. An

example would be a website that shows local content.

• User Participation – the owner of website is not the only one who is able to put
content. Others are able to place a content on their own by means of comments,
reviews, and evaluation.

• Long Tail – services are offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase. This
is synonymous to subscribing to a data plan that charges you for the amount of time
you spent on Internet or a data plan that charges you for the amount of bandwidth
you used.

C. Web 3.0: (Read-write intelligent web)

• Suggested name by John Markoff of the New York Times for the third generation of
the web.

• In this generation, all the application on web or mobile will be upgraded with more
features. It applies same principles as Web 2.0: two-way interaction.

• Web 3.0 will be more connected, open, and intelligent, with semantic web
technologies, distributed databases, natural language processing, machine learning,
machine reasoning and autonomous agents. • Semantic Web - provides a framework
that allows data to be shared and reuse to deliver web content specifically targeting
the user.

• It is a web of data.

• Changing the web into a language that can be read and categorized by the system
rather than humans.

Types of websites:

• eCommerce Website is a website people can directly buy products from you’ve
probably used a number of eCommerce websites before, most big brands and plenty of
smaller ones have one. Any website that includes a shopping cart and a way for you to
provide credit card information to make a purchase falls into this category.

• Business Website is any website that’s devoted to representing a specific business.

It should be branded like the business (the same logo and positioning) and
communicate the types of products and/or services the business offers.

• Entertainment Website If you think about your internet browsing habits, you can
probably think of a few websites that you visit purely for entertainment purposes.
• Portfolio Website are sites devoted to showing examples of past work. Service
providers who want to show potential clients the quality of the work they provide can
use a portfolio website to collect some of the best samples of past work they’ve done.
This type of website is simpler to build than a business website and more focused on a
particular task: collecting work samples.

• Media Website collect news stories or other reporting. There’s some overlap here
with entertainment websites, but media websites are more likely to include reported
pieces in addition to or instead of content meant purely for entertainment.

• Brochure Website are a simplified form of business websites. For businesses that
know they need an online presence, but don’t want to invest a lot into it (maybe you’re
confident you’ll continue to get most of your business from other sources), a simple
brochure site that includes just a few pages that lay out the basics of what you do and
provide contact information may be enough for you.

• Nonprofit Website In the same way that businesses need websites to be their online
presence, nonprofits do as well. A nonprofit website is the easiest way for many
potential donors to make donations and will be the first place many people look to
learn more about a nonprofit and determine if they want to support it.

• Educational Website The websites of educational institutions and those offering

online courses fall into the category of educational websites. These websites have the
primary goal of either providing educational materials to visitors or providing
information on an educational institution to them.

• Infopreneur Website websites overlap a bit with business and eCommerce websites,
but they represent a unique type of online business. Infopreneurs create and sell
information products. That could be in the form of courses, tutorials, videos or
eBooks.

• Personal Website Not all websites exist to make money in some way or another.
Many people find value in creating personal websites to put their own thoughts out
into the world. This category includes personal blogs, vlogs, and photo diaries people
share with the world.

• Web Portal are often websites designed for internal purposes at a business,
organization, or institution. They collect information in different formats from different
sources into one place to make all relevant information accessible to the people who
need to see it. They often involve a login and personalized views for different users that
ensure the information that’s accessible is most useful to their particular needs.

• Wiki or Community Forum Website Most people are familiar with wikis through
the most famous example of one out there: Wikipedia. But wikis can be created on
pretty much any subject you can imagine. A wiki is any website where various users
are able to collaborate on content and all make their own tweaks and changes as they
see fit. There are wikis for fan communities, for business resources, and for collecting
valuable information sources.

Assessment:

1. Name at least 5 websites or applications which you enjoyed most or which are
helpful to you and explain why you chose these applications.

2. Choose at least one of the types of websites which you tried to use. And explain how
convenient it is to you.

3.Differentiate the Web 1.0, Web 2.0 and Web 3.0.

4. Express your realization about this topic for at least 100 words.