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Class 7 - Science - Motion and Time

This document provides solutions to exercises from Class 7 Science Chapter 13 on motion and time. It defines and gives examples of different types of motion such as linear, circular, and oscillatory motion. It also discusses speed, calculating speed from distance and time, interpreting distance-time graphs, and relations between distance, time and speed. For example, it shows that the speed of a car can be determined from photographs taken 10 seconds apart if the scale is known. It concludes by identifying a distance-time graph that represents a truck moving with non-constant speed based on the graph not being a straight line.

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guruvisnu suresh
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123 views7 pages

Class 7 - Science - Motion and Time

This document provides solutions to exercises from Class 7 Science Chapter 13 on motion and time. It defines and gives examples of different types of motion such as linear, circular, and oscillatory motion. It also discusses speed, calculating speed from distance and time, interpreting distance-time graphs, and relations between distance, time and speed. For example, it shows that the speed of a car can be determined from photographs taken 10 seconds apart if the scale is known. It concludes by identifying a distance-time graph that represents a truck moving with non-constant speed based on the graph not being a straight line.

Uploaded by

guruvisnu suresh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NCERT Solutions for Class 7

Science
Chapter 13 – Motion and Time

1) Classify the following as motion along a straight line, circular or


oscillatory motion.
i) Motion of your hands while running
Ans: Oscillatory motion
During running the hands move to and fro and as this motion gets repeated after
certain time interval.Therefore it is oscillatory motion.

ii) Motion of a horse pulling a cart on a straight road


Ans: Straight line motion
As the horse cart is moving on a straight road. Therefore motion is along the
straight line.

iii) Motion of a child in a merry-go-round


Ans: Circular motion
Motion of the merry-go-round is circular. Therefore kids sitting inside it
experiences the circular motion.

iv) Motion of a child on a see-saw


Ans: Oscillatory motion
As the see-saw goes up and down continuously .Therefore it is oscillatory
motion.

v) Motion of the hammer of an electric bell


Ans: Oscillatory motion
When the hammer vibrates the bell it starts vibrating. It is an example of
oscillatory motion.

vi) Motion of a train on a Straight Bridge


Ans: Straight line motion
The train is moving on the straight bridge. It exhibits motion of a straight line.

Class VII Science www.vedantu.com 1


2) Which of the following are not correct?
i) The basic unit of time is second
Ans: Correct
SI unit of time is second.

ii) Every object moves with a constant speed


Ans: Not correct
Speed of object is constant or variable.

iii) Distances between two cities are measured in kilometers


Ans: Correct
The distance between two cities is very large. And as a kilometer is a bigger unit
therefore it is used to measure the distance between two cities.

iv) The time period of a given pendulum is not constant


Ans: Not correct
The time period depends upon the length of the thread. Therefore it will be
constant for a particular pendulum.

v) The speed of a train is expressed in m/h


Ans: Not correct
The speed of train is measured either in km/h or m/s.

3) A simple pendulum takes 32 s to complete 20 oscillations. What is the


time-period of the pendulum?
Ans: The time taken to complete one oscillation is known as time period of the
pendulum.

Time Period =
( Total time taken )
( Number of Oscillations )
Given: 20 oscillations taking 32s to complete.
1 oscillation will take =
( 32 ) sec = 1.6 second
( 20 )
 1.6s is the time period of the pendulum.

Class VII Science www.vedantu.com 2


4) The distance between two stations is 240 km . A train takes 4 hours to
cover this distance. Calculate the speed of the train.

Ans: Speed =
( Distance travelled )
( Time )
 Speed =
( 240 km )
( 4h )
Speed = 60 km / h

5) The odometer of a car reads 57,321.0 km when the clock shows the time
8.30 AM . The odometer reading was changed to 57,336.0 km . Calculate the
speed of the car in km/min during this time. Express the speed in km/h also.
Ans: Initial reading of the odometer of the car at 8:30 AM = 57321.0 km
Final reading of the odometer of the car 8:50 AM = 57336.0 km
The car starts at 8:30 AM and stops at 8:50 AM.
Distance covered by car = ( 57336 - 57321) km = 15 km
20 1
Time taken between 08:30 AM to 08:50 AM = 20minutes = hour hour
60 3
So Speed in km/min Speed =
( Distance travelled )
( Time )
 Speed =
(15km )
( 20min )
Speed = 0.75km / min
Speed in km/h
Speed =
( Distance travelled )
( Time )
 Speed =
(15km )
1
h
3
 Speed =
(15  3) km
(1h )
Speed = 45km / h

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6) Salma takes 15 minutes from her house to reach her school on bicycle. If
the bicycle has a speed of 2 m / s , calculate the distance between her house
and the school.
Ans : Speed = 2m / s
Time taken to reach school = 15 min
 15  60s = 900 s
Distance = ( Speed x Time )
 Dis tance = 2  900 = 1800m
Also 1km = 1000m
1
 Dis tan ce = 1800  = 1.8km.
1000
The distance between her house and the school is 1.8 km.

7) Show the shape of the distance-time graph for the motion in the following
cases:
i) A car moving with a constant speed.
Ans: A car moving with a constant speed covers equal distance in equal intervals
of time. It will be a uniform motion.
Distance-time graph will be as below:

ii) A car parked on a side road.


Ans: A car parked on a road there is no change in the distance with the time. No
motion.Therefore the graph so obtained will be parallel to x-axis.
Distance- time graph will be as below:-

Class VII Science www.vedantu.com 4


8) Which of the following relations is correct?
1) Speed = ( Distance  Time )
 Distance 
2) Speed =  
 Time 
 Time 
3) Speed =  
 Distance 
 1 
4) Speed = 
 ( Distance  Time ) 
 
Ans: Speed of an object is given by the relation:-

 Distance 
Speed =  
 Time 

9) The basic unit of speed is:


1) km / min
2) m / min
3) km / h
4) m / s
Ans: m / s .
The unit of distance is meter (m) and of time is second(s).
 Distance 
Speed =  
 Time 
Therefore the basic unit of speed is m/s.

10) A car moves with a speed of 40 km / h for 15 minutes and then with a
speed of 60 km / h for the next 15 minutes. The total distance covered by
the car is:
1) 100 km
2) 25 km
3) 15 km
4) 10 km
Ans: 25 km
Case 1:
Speed = 40 km / h

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 15 
Time = 15 min =   hour
 60 

 15 
Distance ( d1 ) = Speed  Time = 40    = 10 km
 60 
Case 2:
Speed = 60 km / h
 15 
Time = 15 min =   hour
 60 
 15 
Distance ( d 2 ) = (Speed  Time ) = 60    = 15 km
 60 
Total distance ( d ) = ( d1 + d 2 ) = 10 km + 15 km = 25 km
Therefore total distance covered by the car = 25km.

11) Suppose the two photographs, shown in Fig. 13.1 and Fig.13.2, had been
taken at an interval of 10 seconds. If a distance of 100 meters is shown by 1
cm in these photographs, calculate the speed of the blue car.
Ans: With the help of the scale we will first measure the distance.
Suppose the distance measured is 2cm .
So, the distance covered d = 2 100 = 2m . (Because 1m = 100cm ).
Time taken = 10seconds.
 Distance   200m 
Speed =  =  = 20m / s.
 Time   10s 
Therefore the speed of the blue car = 20m / s.

12) Fig. 13.5 shows the distance-time graph for the motion of two vehicles A
and B. Which is one of them moving faster?

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Ans: In distance – time graph speed is measured by its slope.
Vehicle A is moving faster as the slope of the graph of A is more than the slope
of the graph B. Therefore Vehicle A is moving faster

13) Which of the following distance time-graph a truck moving with speed
which is not constant?.

Ans: (iii) as graph is not a straight line, it keeps on changing.


This shows that the truck is moving with variable speed.

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