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English Skills
Grade Seven
Consolidation and Revision

Exercise Description Page

1 Alphabetical order 3
2 Alphabetical order – Codes 3
3 Alphabetical order – First Letter 4
4 Alphabetical order – Second Letter 5
5 Alphabetical order – Third Letter 6
6 Language skills – Vowels and consonants 7
7 Dictionary skills – Guide words 8
8 Dictionary skills – Syllables 9
9 Dictionary skills – Head words 10
10 Dictionary skills – Meaning 11
11 Dictionary skills – Parts of speech 12
12 Dictionary skills – Pronunciation 13
13 Spelling – Patterns and rules 14
14 Spelling – Pattern 1: i before e except after c 15
15 Spelling – Pattern 2: Plurals 16
16 Spelling – Pattern 3: Plurals 17
17 Spelling – Pattern 4: Adding a suffix to words ending in y 18
18 Spelling – Pattern 5: Adding a suffix to words ending in e 19
19 Spelling – Pattern 6: Doubling the final letter for a suffix 20
20 Word meanings – Prefixes 21
21 Word meanings – Suffixes 22
22 Word meanings – Suffixes 22
23 Word meanings – Imagine this 23
24 Language skills – Prefixes 24
25 Word meanings – Homophones 25
26 Word meanings – Homophones 25
27 Vocabulary – Synonyms 26
28 Vocabulary – Antonyms 27
29 Vocabulary – Synonyms 27
30 Vocabulary – Synonyms 28
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31 Vocabulary – Antonyms 28
32 Language skills – Parts of speech 28
33 Language skills – Nouns 29
34 Language skills – Adjectives 30
35 Language skills – Verbs 30
36 Language skills – Adverbs 31
37 Language skills – Simple sentences 31
38 Language skills – Parts of speech 32
39 Language skills – Prepositions 33
40 Language skills – Conjunctions 34
41 Language skills – Pronouns 35
42 Language skills – Articles 36
43 Dictionary skills – Vocabulary enrichment 37
44 Dictionary skills – Gender 38
45 Figurative expressions – Proverbs 39
46 Figurative expressions – Idioms 40
47 Spelling – Plurals 41
48 Vocabulary enrichment – Collective nouns 41
49 Vocabulary enrichment – Animal sounds 42
50 Vocabulary enrichment – Diminutives 42
51 Figures of speech – Comparisons: Similes 43
52 Figurative expressions – Proverbs 43
53 Figurative expressions – Proverbs 44
54 Punctuation – The apostrophe: Contractions 45
55 Punctuation – The apostrophe: Contractions 46
56 Punctuation – The apostrophe: Contractions 47
57 Punctuation – The apostrophe: Contractions 48
58 Punctuation – The apostrophe: Contractions 49
59 Punctuation – The apostrophe: Ownership 50
60 Punctuation – The apostrophe: Ownership of singular nouns 51
61 Punctuation – The apostrophe: Ownership of plural nouns 52
62 Punctuation – The apostrophe: Ownership of plural nouns 53
63 Punctuation – The apostrophe: Contractions and ownership 54
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Exercise 1
ALPHABETICAL ORDER

1. How many letters are there in the alphabet?

abcde fghij klmno pqrst uvwx y z

2. Guess which two are the middle letters.
3. Cover up the alphabet and try to say it to yourself in 5 seconds.
4. Cover up the alphabet and answer these questions:
a. Which three letters come before ‘f’?
b. Which three letter come before ‘i’?
c. Which three letters come before ‘r’?
d. Which four letter follow ‘n’?
e. Which five letters follow ‘p’?
5. Arrange these letters in alphabetical order to make words:
a. mai b. yan
c. mih d. mdi
e. pid
6. Arrange each group of letters into alphabetical order:
a. endcy b. oltfg
c. xzear d. itebz
e. mtubi
7. Cover up the alphabet. Write it out as quickly as you can. Write your time down.

Exercise 2
ALPHABETICAL ORDER
CODES

1. Write out the next letter after each letter of the alphabet below, to get this message.
Example: lzm = man rdbqds = secret

aqhmf sgd akzbj anw snmhfgs

2. Write out the letter before each letter of the alphabet to get this message.
Example: gzoox = happy
Note: (z comes before a)

uif mfuufs jt jo uif pme pbl usff

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3. Each number in the message below refers to a letter of the alphabet in order.
1=a, 2=b, 3=c and so on.
Note: / shows a break between words.

Break the code to find the message:

20 8 5 / 19 5 3 18 5 20 / 6 9 12 13 / 9 19 / 9 14 /
25 15 21 18 / 12 5 6 20 / 2 12 1 3 11 / 19 8 15 5

Exercise 3
ALPHABETICAL ORDER
First Letter

If all the words begin with the different letters, look at the first letter to work out the
alphabetical order.

cat dog elephant fox zebra

1. Put these words into alphabetical order according to the first letter.

a. BEAUTIFUL
b. SECRETARY
c. DISAPPOINT
d. COLOURFUL
e. LIBRARY
f. THROUGH
g. WEDNESDAY

2. Put these words into alphabetical order according to the first letter.

a. ETCETERA
b. ORANGE
c. ANTHILL
d. UMBRELLA
e. INSECT
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3. Put these words into alphabetical order according to the first letter.

a. IGLOO
b. TRAIN
c. IMPRESSION
d. ALCOHOL
e. EQUIPMENT
f. QUINCE
g. PSYCHOLOGY
h. DISAPPEAR
i. BICYCLE
j. FEBRUARY

Exercise 4
ALPHABETICAL ORDER
Second Letter

If all the words begin with the same letter, look at the second letter to find the alphabetical
order.

DART DEAR DIN DOUBT DUST

1. Put these words into alphabetical order according to the second letter.

a. OPEN
b. OATS
c. OZONE
d. OLIVE
e. ORCHARD
f. OBESE
g. OCEAN

2. Put these words into alphabetical order according to the second letter.

a. TIN
b. TOP
c. TRICK
d. TEDDY
e. TUMBLER
f. TARGET
g. TWIST
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3. Put these words into alphabetical order according to the second letter.

a. PLUG
b. PRUNE
c. PIT
d. POTTER
e. PHYSICS
f. PNEUMONIA
g. PALATE
h. PSYCHOLOGY
i. PEG
j. PUG

Exercise 5
ALPHABETICAL ORDER
Third Letter

If all the words begin with the same TWO letters, look at the third letter to find the
alphabetical order.

OPEN OPPOSITE OPTIMUM

1. Put these words into alphabetical order according to the third letter.

a. PANE
b. PATTERN
c. PAD
d. PASSWORD
e. PALE
f. PACE
g. PAW

2. Put these words into alphabetical order according to the third letter.

a. SOFA
b. SOAP
c. SOLACE
d. SOPPY
e. SON
f. SOWER
g. SODA
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3. Put these words into alphabetical order according to the third letter.

a. BEGIN
b. BEAN
c. BENEFIT
d. BECKON
e. BELL
f. BETTER
g. BED

Exercise 6
LANGUAGE SKILLS
VOWELS and CONSONANTS

There are five vowels in the alphabet:

a e i o u
The rest of the letters are called consonants:

bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz

Y IS A SPY
THE LETTER Y CAN ALSO BE CALLED A
SEMI VOWEL (SEMI MEANS HALF) BECAUSE
IT CAN BE USED TO MAKE A VOWEL SOUND.
FOR EXAMPLE : DRY / HAPPY

1. Shade over the vowel sounds in these words:

ambulance sky yacht consider

physics mystery meander yes
wonder undergrowth undo ooze

Be careful with the ‘y’.

Only underline it if it is being used to make a vowel sound.
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2. Write two words that have the following vowel sounds in them.

Example
ai brain
ea near
ee seen
oi coin
oa float
ou hour
ay say
ey prey
oy boy

Exercise 7
DICTIONARY SKILLS
Guide words

All dictionaries are arranged in alphabetical order. This helps a reader to find
the words more quickly. To help the reader even more, dictionaries have
guide words at the beginning and end of each page. Here is an example:

arrogant associate

pg. 21
pg. 20

The words on page 20 & 21 in this dictionary all start with the letters ‘ar’ or
‘as’. If a reader was looking for the spelling or meaning of octopus, they
would be able to tell, from the guide words, that ‘octopus’ does not appear on
this page because octopus starts with the letters ‘oc’.
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Look at the guide words below. If you think the word in the square on the
right would probably be found on that page, write yes. If not, write no.

contagious pg.88 pg. 89 control

contrary

for pg.168 pg. 169 former

fortunate

monument pg.292 pg. 293 mottled monumental

spread pg.452 pg. 453 squeak

squeal

undivided pg.520 pg. 521 unknown

uncomplicated

Exercise 8
DICTIONARY SKILLS
Syllables

All languages have a rhythm. Read the following sentence and try to clap its
rhythm: I am going home.

If you clapped 5 times then you found the correct rhythm for the sentence.
When we clap a rhythm to words in this way we name each separate sound
that was clapped, a syllable.

1. Clap each sentence below and write the number of syllables that you
clapped. Don’t force the rhythm of the sentences. Say them is a normal
speaking voice when you clap the rhythm.

a. Themba is a good girl.

b. Yesterday we went out.
c. Mount Kilimanjaro is very high.
d. Dictionaries help us to spell correctly.
e. Chocolate is my favourite food.
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2. Syllables are useful because they can help us work out the spelling of
words. Clap each of the words below and write how many syllables each
word contains.

a. knowing
b. uninterrupted
c. isangoma
d. president
e. confused

3. Dictionaries often break words up into syllables. Your teacher will show
you how this is done using your school dictionaries. Use your dictionary to
find out how the words below are divided into syllables. Write the word out
like this:

Un / friend / ly

a. numerical
b. intuition
c. fuse
d. figure
e. sticky

Exercise 9
DICTIONARY SKILLS
Head Words

Head words are normally written in bold letters to make

them easy to see. Sometimes other words that can be
made from the head word are also listed in bold print.
These are called sub head words.

Usually, the head word is a root word. In other words, artist

might be listed as the head word and artistic and artistry,
might be listed as sub head words.

Some dictionaries also list examples of how suffixes can be

added to the head word. These words are usually written in
bold and placed in brackets.
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1. Find the word assemble, in the dictionary.

a. List three ways that the dictionary gives for adding suffixes to this word.
b. List two sub head words.

2. Find the word introduce, in the dictionary.

a. List the three ways that the dictionary gives for adding suffixes to this word
b. List two sub head words.

Exercise 10
DICTIONARY SKILLS
Meaning

A dictionary is normally used to find the spelling or the meaning of a word.

When a word can have more than one meaning, the meanings are numbered.

1. Look up the word join.

a. What is the first meaning given?
b. What is the second meaning given?
c. What is the third meaning given?

2. Look up the word invalid.

a. What is the first meaning given?
b. What is the second meaning given?

Even though the two meanings are spelled in the same way, the way that
they are spoken indicates what the speaker is trying to say.

c. Look at the accent and syllable marks that have been used in the
dictionary. Underline the syllable that must be stressed for each meaning.

Meaning 1 Meaning 2

in / va / lid in / va / lid
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Exercise 11
DICTIONARY SKILLS
Parts of speech

Parts of speech are usually written in italics. For example:

Joke noun
Join verb
Jokingly adverb
Jovial adjective

Look up the following words and write down what part of speech the word is listed as in the
dictionary.

a. dab i. arsenic
b. oxygen j. slowly
c. disappointed k. athlete
d. overflow l. shorts
e. lately m. golf
f. warp n. marathon
g. handicap o. equipment
h. jubilant p. atrocity
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Exercise 12
DICTIONARY SKILLS
Pronunciation

Most dictionaries provide a pronunciation chart within the first few pages.

If a pronunciation guide is given for a word then it is listed after the head
word.

1. Write the pronunciation symbol that your dictionary’s pronunciation chart

gives for each of the following sounds:

a. The letter i in pin.

b. The letter a in about
c. The letter u in put
d. The letter e in bed
e. The letter th in then
f. The letters sh in she
g. The letters ch in each
h. The letters ea in bead
i. The letters ir in bird
j. The letters oo in poor
k. The letter a in cat

2. Write out the pronunciation of these words using your dictionary’s

pronunciation chart. Say the words out loud.

a. assegai
b. breakfast
c. crystal
d. encyclopedia
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Exercise 13
SPELLING
Thinking about spelling patterns and rules

English words are one of the most difficult to spell correctly. Long ago,
England was invaded by people from many countries. Each new country that
invaded England brought its own language with it and some of these foreign
words became mixed with English. As a result of this, spelling patterns have
become very complicated.

There are many ways to spell the same sounds. For example:

The long e sound can be made in many different ways:

cheese and seize and leave

The long o sound can be made in many ways too:

two and threw and you and glue

All of this can be very confusing! However, it is possible to become a better
speller with practice…and with the help of a dictionary and some basic rules.
One of the most important things you must be able to do is to hear the
difference between long and short vowel sounds. Here are some examples:
LONG VOWEL SOUNDS: ME, BELIEVE, MOOD, BIKE, SAVED, CUBES

SHORT VOWEL SOUNDS: MEN, PIG, SPIN, MUDDY, OBVIOUS, APPLE, ASK, BIRD

Say the following words out loud. Write whether you think the underlined sound is a long
or a short vowel sound.

REMEMBER>>>>
YOU MUST WORK ACCORDING TO THE SOUND NOT THE WRITTEN LETTERS!!!!

a. MOTHER f. WORKSHEET
b. FIELD g. IRONING
c. MAT h. WONDER
d. MATES i. CRUISE
e. BETTER j. PRETTY
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Exercise 14
SPELLING
Spelling Pattern 1

In English, you cannot rely on learning spelling rules to improve your spelling
because the rules don’t work all of the time. However, if you become familiar
with certain spelling patterns, they will help you to make spelling choices that
are more likely to be correct.

Here is one basic spelling pattern:

‘i’ before ‘e’ except after ‘c’

<<<(if it’s making a long ‘ee’ sound)>>>

For example

chief brief

receipt receive
Use this spelling pattern to fill in the missing letters, either ‘ie’ or ‘ei’. Write the whole
word out.

a. bel___ve f. rel___f
b. c___ling g. s___ge
c. conc___ve h. dec___t
d. gr___ve i. p___ce
e. conc___ted j. br___f

Here are some words that don’t follow this rule:

seize neither either sheik

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Exercise 15
SPELLING
Spelling Pattern 2: Plurals

Most words can be changed into their plurals by adding the letter ‘s’. For
example:

Dog – dogs
Hen – hens
Alphabet – alphabets

However, some words need ‘es’ to form their plurals.

If a word ends in
‘ch’ ‘s’ ‘ss’ ‘sh’ or ‘x’

add ‘es’
to form the plural

Add ‘s’ or ‘es’ to each of the following singular nouns to make a plural.

a. church
b. computer
c. class
d. telephone
e. staple
f. business
g. scissor
h. princess
i. box
j. wish
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Exercise 16
SPELLING
Spelling Pattern 3: Plurals

If a word ends in

‘f’ or ‘fe’
drop the letters and add

‘ves’
to make a plural

For example:

Wolf - wolves
Wife - wives

Use the spelling pattern to change these words into their plurals:

a. loaf
b. knife
c. leaf
d. half
e. calf
f. roof
g. wolf
h. shelf
i. thief
j. wife

Some words that do not follow this pattern are:

Chief / chiefs
Roof / roofs
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Exercise 17
SPELLING
Spelling Pattern 4: Adding suffixes - Changing ‘y’ to i’

Here are four things you need to know before you can use this spelling
pattern:

1. What is a vowel? aeiou

2. What is a consonant? bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz
3. What is a suffix?
A letter or group of letters added to the end of a root word, e.g.
‘ing’, ‘ed’, ‘ful’, ‘able’.

If the letter before the ‘y’ is a consonant then the ‘y’

becomes an ‘i’ when a suffix is added.
Lady - ladies
Apply – applied

1. Add the suffix in the second column to the root word in the first column:

a. apply ed
b. occupy able
c. reply es
d. deny ed
e. marry able

If the letter before the ‘y’ is a vowel then the ‘y’ does
not change when a suffix is added.
Enjoy – enjoyed
Play - playful

2. Add the suffix in the second column to the root word in the first column:

a. joy ous
b. convey ance
c. holiday s
d. destroy er
e. play ful
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If you are adding the suffix ‘ing’ then the ‘y’ does not
change when the suffix is added.
Enjoy – enjoying
try - trying

3. Add the suffix ‘ing’ to the root word in the first column:

a. apply ing
b. enjoy ing
c. reply ing
d. convey ing
e. spy ing

Here is an exercise that will give you practice using all three of the spelling
patterns from this section. Try to complete the exercise without referring back
to the guidelines.

4. Add the suffix in the second column to the root word.

a. apply ed f. community es
b. occupy er g. study ed
c. spy ing h. dry est
d. lady s i. destroy able
e. holiday ing j. reply es

Exercise 18
SPELLING
Spelling Pattern 5: Adding suffixes to words ending in ‘e’

Drop the ‘e’ when adding a suffix that begins with a vowel.

1. Try this pattern on the following words:

a. hope (ing) c. taste (ing)

b. use (ed) d. pore (ous)
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2. Find the root words for the following by removing the suffix:

a. placed d. famous
b. housing e. observatory
c. received

Add ‘d’ (NOT ‘ed’) as a suffix to words that end in ‘e’.

3. Add ‘d’ or ‘ed’ to each of the following depending on how the word ends:

a. enrage d. behave
b. award e. water
c. love

Exercise 19
SPELLING
Spelling Pattern 6: Adding suffixes - Doubling the final letter

If a verb (action word) ends with a short vowel sound and a consonant, the
general pattern is to double the consonant when adding a suffix. This is not
always the case, so if you’re not sure, check the spelling in a dictionary.

1. Complete the following exercise, using the example as a guide. These

words all follow this spelling pattern.

a. regret regretting regretted

b. expel
c. control
d. level
e. shrivel
f. shrug
g. drip
h. prefer
i. distil
j. pedal
k. cancel
l. dub
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Challenge
Explain why the final consonant of the root word is not doubled when a suffix
is added to the end of these words (Clues have been highlighted):

a. crash crashing
b. hoot hooted
c. take taking

Exercise 20
WORD MEANINGS
Prefixes

A prefix is an extra part added to the beginning of a word. A prefix may be

made up of one letter or more than one. Prefixes have the ability to change
the meaning of a root word, because each prefix has its own meaning. Look
at the following prefixes and how they have been added to a root word to
change its meaning:

happy unhappy (not happy) arrange rearrange (to do again)

like dislike (to not like) cook precook(to do before)

Use a dictionary to make a word using each of these prefixes. Also write the root word.

Your word The root word

sub (under) submarine marine
un (not)
super (above/over/better)
tele (over a distance)
trans (across)
Important: If, once you remove the prefix, the root word does not make
sense, then the letters at the beginning of the word are not considered to be a
true prefix.

Example: subject = sub + ject. ject is not a recognised English word, so sub
is not a true prefix.
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Exercise 21
WORD MEANINGS
Suffixes

A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word. Each suffix has a function
and adding it to a word can change the word’s meaning or function in a sentence.

The suffixes ‘er’, ‘or’ and ‘eer’ show a person’s job or position in society.

Find words to suit the following descriptions. Use a dictionary if you are not
sure of the answer or the spelling. Underline the suffix in your answer. The
first letter or two have been provided as clues.

a. A person who installs or mends pipes p…

b. A person who papers and paints houses d…
c. A person who climbs high m…
d. A person who performs on stage a…
e. A retired person p…
f. A person who sells fruit and vegetables g…
g. A person who designs machines en…
h. A person who makes a speech or…
i. A person who works on a ship sa…
j. A person who goes to war wa…

Exercise 22
WORD MEANINGS
Suffixes

The following suffixes indicate a place for a particular activity:

ory ary ery

Find a word to match each meaning by adding the correct suffix to the
starting letters that have been provided. Use a dictionary if you are not sure
of the answer or the spelling. Underline the suffix in your answer.

a. A room with scientific instruments. lab…

b. A place where medicines are prepared. disp…
c. A place where chickens may be born. hat
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d. Where you go to borrow a book. lib…

e. Where dead bodies are taken. mor…
f. Where monks live. mon…
g. A building where the stars are studied. ob…
h. Where birds are kept. av…
i. A reform school. re…
j. A training college for priests. sem…

Exercise 23
WORD MEANINGS
Imagine this

Do you watch the TV show Big Brother? The idea of somebody always watching what you
are doing was taken from a book called 1984. It was written by a man called George
Orwell. In his book, George Orwell describes a world full of cruelty and oppression in
which everybody is ruled over by a dictator called ‘Big Brother’. One part of the Big
Brother dictatorship was the removal of some words from the dictionary. The idea behind
this was that if people knew fewer words, they would be less likely to think for themselves.
Here is an extract from his book:

What justification is there for a word that is simply the opposite of

another word? A word contains the opposite in itself. Take ‘good’, for
example. If you have a word like ‘good’ there is no need for a word like
‘bad’. ‘Ungood’ will do just as well. Or again, if you want a stronger
word than ‘good’, what sense is there in a whole string of vague words
like ‘excellent’ or ‘splendid’? ‘Plusgood’ will do just as well.
‘Doubleplusgood’ will do if you want something even stronger.

1. Imagine you are involved in the making of a 1984 dictionary. Write the words you would
use to express these ideas. The first one is done for you.

a. Extremely dark Double plus unlight

b. Old
c. Ugly
d. Emaciated
e. Frozen
f. Very bald

2. Strange as it may sound, there are words in English where we use the 1984
method of writing and speaking English. Think of words like happy and
unhappy. Write six words English words where a prefix has been used to
change a word to its exact opposite.
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3. What do you think the following 1984 descriptions mean?

a. He got into trouble at school because of his unbagness?

b. Your doubleplusunsoapified face is disgusting.

Exercise 24
LANGUAGE SKILLS
Prefixes

1. Find a word to fit each description. All of the words begin with the prefix
‘tri’ (meaning three):
a. A shape with three sides
b. Three people singing
c. One of three children
d. A vehicle with three wheels
e. Three times as much
f. A stand with three legs
g. Three related stories

2. Find a word to fit each description. All of the words begin with the prefix
‘pre’ (meaning before):
a. Made in advance
b. Say in advance
c. Care taken to avoid an accident
d. Before the expected time

3. Find a word to fit each description. All of the words begin with the prefix
‘multi’ (meaning many):
a. Having many races
b. Having many floors
c. A large crowd
d. Having many millions

4. Find a word to fit each description. All of the words begin with the prefix
‘inter’ (meaning between):
a. Fit or fasten together
b. Between nations
c. To cross or meet
d. To stop a quarrel
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Exercise 25
WORD MEANINGS
Homophones

Homophones are words with same sound but different spelling and meaning.
Choose the correct word for each sentence. Write the given sentence out,
using the word that you have chosen. Then, write a sentence of your own
with the word you did not choose.

a. The children did not know/no the right answer.

b. There was too/to much left over.
c. Smoking is no longer allowed/aloud in buildings.
d. The film was about a cereal/serial killer.
e. He needed a new pane/pain of glass for the window.
f. I am going two/to go home.

Exercise 26
WORD MEANINGS
Homophones

Homophones are words with same sound but different spelling and meaning.
Shade the numbers in the grid for the sentences with correctly used
homophones. If your choices are correct, the shaded areas will reveal a
common homophone.

1. Some things just aren’t fair. 1 2 3

2. The taxi fare is too expensive, so I can’t go to the 4 5 6
match with you.
3. I think there will be clowns and rides at the fair. 7 8 9
4. There are many hard problems to solve in the 10 11 12
maths homework.
5. You meet a lot of people when you travel and their 13 14 15
always speaking in languages I don’t understand.
6. The Statue of Liberty is in America. I would like to 15 17 18
go there.
7. I went to the zoo but I can’t bear to see animals in 19 20 21
cages.
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8. Animals like a bear and a tiger should be free.

9. The zoo keeper was not wearing a hat. His head
was bare.
10. There was a narrow bored placed across the
stream.
11. I was bored during the movie so I fell asleep.
12. Mrs Brown is the principle of our school.
13 What is the principal reason for you wanting to
visit America?
14. I could not join that political party because their
principles about right and wrong are not the same
as mine.
15. Always begin names with a capital letter.
16. My mother said, “Come here.”
17. “I can’t here you,” I replied.
18. “Can you hear me now!” my mother shouted.
19. I think you are the nicest person in the whole
world.
20. The mole dug a hole in our yard.
21. Did you break your foot when you stepped on the
brake.

Exercise 27
VOCABULARY
Synonyms

A synonym is a word that has a similar meaning to another word.

Shade the block for the synonym for each word in the first column.
Use a dictionary to help you.

sanctified holy broken normal

badge form emblem mount
casket muffin necklace coffin
famous known celebrated open
gammy lame cards brave
hectic old broken feverish
kind considerate nursing helping
oblique arched slanting curved
wager bet mistake musician
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Exercise 28
VOCABULARY
Antonyms

An antonym is word that has the opposite meaning to another word.

Shade the block for the antonym for each word in the first column.
Use a dictionary to help you.

happy miserable blissful elated

good worthy malevolent benign
rich fecund infertile elaborate
clean hygienic antiseptic polluted
big hulking miniature corpulent
sweet rancid luscious cloying
shocking execrable repugnant acceptable
black dusky begrimed ashen
wet parched soggy moistened

Exercise 29
VOCABULARY
Synonyms

A synonym is a word that has a similar meaning to another.

Find a synonym for each of the words below that fits into the grid. Number
one should be placed into the A column and number 2 into the B column, etc.

1. Unhappy 8. Strike 15. Truthful 21. Unattractive

2. Lovely, pretty 9. Intelligent 16. Dumb 22. Trip, journey
3. Wide 10 Fair 17. Fast 23. Terrible
4. Act 11. Murder 18. Easy-going, 24. Blend
5. Argue 12. Go pleasant 25. Neat
6. Frightened 13. Nearly 19. Nervous 26. Blue
7. Odd, unusual 14. Crazy 20. Skill
 28

Exercise 30
VOCABULARY
Synonyms

Complete this exercise in your answer book. Find two synonyms for each given word in
the word sleuth. Once you have found them, slot them into the grid next to each word.

Exercise 31
VOCABULARY
Antonyms

Complete this exercise in your answer book. Find two antonyms for each given word in
the word sleuth below. Once you have found them, slot them into the grid next to each
word.

Exercise 32
LANGUAGE SKILLS
Parts of speech

Scrabble

Imagine four people playing a game of Scrabble. Here are the letters they have:

Innocent L F G M B C
Carol B L O E S T
James L L L L L L
Themba E I A U E O

Only Carol can make a word. It’s obvious why James can’t do anything, but
why can’t Innocent and Themba build any words?
Word scrabble

The aim of this game is to make a sentence from the collection of words held by each
player.

Innocent old thin tall dead angry

Carol if and when unless but

James over on in by to
 29

Themba clumsily bravely nearly clearly Slowly

Andrew take have decide come Walk

Sam he she they it Them

Nonhlanhla pig car desk meeting Autumn

Nasheen badly played soccer very we

1. Only Nasheen can use all her words in one sentence. What is the sentence?

None of the other players can make a sentence. This is because each group
contains only one type of word, one part of speech. Parts of speech are the
names given to the different types of words needed to make up a sentence.

2. Use your dictionary to find out what part of speech each player has.

a. Innocent e. Andrew
b. Carol f. Sam
c. James g. Nonhlanhla
d. Themba

Exercise 33
LANGUAGE SKILLS
Nouns

A noun is a word whose job it is to name:

people places objects ideas

The first words you spoke were probably nouns: mama, dada, dummy.
The simplest test for nouns is to check whether you can use it with one of the
following noun markers: the a an

If it sounds right, then it’s probably a noun.

Use the picture on the right.

Make a list of five nouns, in your answer book.
 30

Exercise 34
LANGUAGE SKILLS
Adjectives

Adjectives are words that provide more information about nouns. They help
us to form a better picture in our heads of what qualities a noun has – How
big? What colour? How old? and so on.

Transfer your list of nouns from the previous page onto the table provided in
your answer book. Supply an adjective to describe the noun and draw a
picture to illustrate. Select adjectives that are easy to draw, e.g. colours,
shapes and sizes.

Exercise 35
LANGUAGE SKILLS
Verbs

Verbs are action words.

EAT JUMP SLEEP

Groups of words usually need a verb to make sense.

HE MUST ON THE TABLE.

HE MUST LEAN ON THE TABLE.

Verbs are the only parts of speech that can be used on their own and still
make sense.
Write a suitable verb for each picture provided, in your answer book.
 31

Exercise 36
LANGUAGE SKILLS
Adverbs

Adverbs are easy to identify.

They do exactly what their name says they will…. they add to the verb.
Almost all adverbs add to your knowledge of a verb by telling you how, when
or where the action took place.

run quickly
sleep today
study outside

Try to find an adverb for each of the verbs you chose for the Verb Exercise. Try not to use
the same adverb twice. Use the table in your answer book. An example has been given
to guide you.

Look at your adverbs for HOW. What suffix do most of them end with? ______

Exercise 37
LANGUAGE SKILLS
Simple sentences

In English, we can’t build many sentences using only the four main parts of
speech – Noun, verb, adverb and adjective. Quite often these sentences
sound like ‘baby talk’.
For example:

Jane eats food today.

Girl put case downstairs.
Big dog bit ugly cat.
Mother bought colouring in book.
Boy go home tomorrow.
Working tired.
 32

To make a more sensible or complex sentence, other parts of speech must

be used too. Look at the words in bold and how they give new meaning to
the sentences:

Jane eats her food today.

The girl put the case downstairs.
The big dog bit an ugly cat.
My mother bought me a colouring in book.
The boy will go home tomorrow.
I am working although I am tired.

Here are the correct names for these new parts of speech:

the, a, an article
her, my, me, I pronoun
will, am auxiliary verb
although conjunction

Challenge:
Fill in the missing articles, pronouns, conjunctions and auxiliary verbs in this sentence.
Write the new sentence out.

(Pronoun) saw (article) advertisement for (article) bike (preposition) (article)

newspaper. (pronoun) father gave (pronoun) money (conjunction) I (auxiliary
verb) going to buy (pronoun).

Exercise 38
LANGUAGE SKILLS
Parts of Speech

Why do we need to know

parts of speech?
Imagine a bicycle building manual that gave you the following
information:

Undo the screwy thing that holds the big round part onto the middle
bit at the back, taking care not to bend the long silvery bits.

A bit confusing isn’t it?

 33

Here’s the same information, using the correct words:

Undo the nut that holds the wheel onto the axle at the back, taking care not to
bend the spokes.

Giving names to each part of speech is just as useful. Even though it is

difficult to learn all the correct names for the different parts of speech, your
English writing, reading, speaking and spelling will definitely improve. Here is
a list of the main Parts of Speech.

Noun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb, Pronoun,

Auxiliary verb, Preposition, Conjunction, Article

Use your dictionary to find out what part of speech each of the following
words is in each sentence.

a. A ten cent piece is a coin.

b. The dense mist made driving dangerous.
c. Water will flow downhill.
d. The car is here.
e. He did the work happily.
f. You must leave.
g. I am happy.
h. Put it in the box.
i. I passed because I studied.
j. That is an apple.

Exercise 39
LANGUAGE SKILLS
Prepositions

1. Rewrite these sentences, changing the underlined word to make the

sentence sensible.

a. They sealed the bargain under a handshake.

b. The ship sailed behind the water.
c. My neighbour climbed with our fence.
d. Your dinner is through the fridge.
 34

The words you have altered are called prepositions. Prepositions show the
relationship between one noun and another – their position in relation to
each other.

Prepositions can show relationships of when, where and how.

Is Andrew in his car? Is he under it? (Where preposition)

Does the game start before two o’clock or at two o’clock? (When preposition)
They arrived without their match clothes. (How preposition)

2. Construct one sentence for each of the kinds of prepositions: Where, when
and how. You can use any prepositions from this list:

after on at by of to into up down from

over under through above below behind with

Exercise 40
LANGUAGE SKILLS
Conjunctions

Conjunctions are linking words. They can establish a connection between:

a) two words – Tom and Jerry

b) two phrases – out of the frying pan and into the fire
c) two sentences – I will visit when I am ready or I will not visit at all.

Make each of these pairs of sentences into one sentence by using a

conjunction from the list below. Rewrite the new sentence:

a. The water came in. The boat had a hole in it.

b. He saw his chance. He rushed through the gate.
c. He dropped the kettle on his foot. The handle was very hot.
d. I will report you. You copy my homework.
e. There is the man. He stole my watch. (Take care with this one!!!)

after although as because If

since so than though unless
what when where
who why until
which
 35

Exercise 41
LANGUAGE SKILLS
Pronouns

A pronoun can be used to replace a noun.

When Mary’s shoes and socks were off, Mary arranged the shoes and
socks neatly on the bank. Mary looked at Thandi swimming.
“Thandi can swim well,” Mary said.
Mary tested the water with one toe.
“The water’s warm,” Mary said.
“What did Mary expect?” asked Thandi.
“Mary expected the water to be cold,” Mary replied.

Replace each of the bold print words or phrases with one word. The words
you will use will all be pronouns.

Here are some commonly used pronouns:

Personal Pronouns (refer to people or things)

I we me us
you you you you
he, she, it they him, her, it them

Possessive Pronouns (show belonging or ownership)

my our mine ours
your yours
his, her, its their his, hers, its theirs

Select an appropriate pronoun to replace the underlined word/words. Write

the entire sentence out, with your chosen pronoun.

a. The babies cried when the babies were hungry.

b. The queen said that the queen was leaving.
c. Nick’s mother asked Nick to clean his room.
d. The tiger ate the deer ant the tiger licked the tiger’s lips.
 36

Exercise 42
LANGUAGE SKILLS
Articles

There are only three articles in the English language:

the an a
Definite article

THE is a definite article. We use this word when we are referring to

something specific.

If, for example, I ask for ‘the chair’, then it is a specific chair that I am asking
for.

Indefinite article

AN and A are indefinite articles. When these words are used before a noun
they are not referring to any specific object.

So, if I ask for ‘a chair’ then it means you can bring me any chair.

AN is used before words that begin with a vowel SOUND.

An apple
An owl
An honest man (the ‘h’ is silent, so this word starts with a vowel sound)

A is used before a consonant SOUND.

A car
A yoyo

Choose the most appropriate article for each of these sentences:

a. _______ moon revolves around the Earth.

b. I have never seen ____ostrich that can fly.
c. She threw _____ rotten apples away.
d. Can you fly ____aeroplane?
e. _____stitch in time saves nine.
 37

Exercise 43
DICTIONARY SKILLS
Vocabulary Enrichment

Use a dictionary to find words for each of the following:

1. Find the following words that begin with the letters ‘per’:

a. Without faults
b. At right angles to something
c. Puzzled
d. To sweat
e. To make a hole
f. Any length of time

2. Find the following words that begin with the letters ‘ob:

a. To notice or look at
b. Not clear/difficult to see
c. Quick to notice
d. Out of date
e. Sloping

3. Find the following words that begin with the letters ‘man:

a. Handle skillfully
b. A large house
c. Compulsory
 38

Exercise 44
DICTIONARY SKILLS
Gender

The word feminine is used to describe words that refer to the female gender.
The word masculine is used to describe words that refer to the male gender.

Complete the following table, in your answer book, by filling in the missing masculine or
feminine form. Use a dictionary if you are not sure of the correct word:

Masculine Feminine
a. Male
b. Actor
c. Uncle
d. Bull
e. Steward
f. King
g. Hero
h. Wizard
i. Lord
j. Lioness
k. Waitress
l. Niece
m. Sister
n. Mistress
o. Lady
p. Spinster
q. Grandmother
r. Nun
 39

Exercise 45
FIGURATIVE EXPRESSIONS
Proverbs

Listed below, are riddles for five well know proverbs. Use the picture clues to help you
work out the proverb. Write the whole proverb out.

a.

A in saves 9.

b.

A in the is worth 2 in the .

c.

Many make work.

d.

People in shouldn’t throw stones.

e.

One man’s is another man’s .

 40

Exercise 46
FIGURATIVE EXPRESSIONS
Idioms

Complete the idioms below by entering the number of the animal the idiom refers to. Then,
transfer the numbers into the grid. If your answers are correct, the numbers in the cross
will total 26 in the horizontal and vertical rows.

A. As blind as a ____________. 1.
B. As busy as a ____________.
C. Scaredy ____________.
D. As dumb as an ____________. 2.
E. As sly as a ____________.
F. As big as a ____________.
G. As brave as a ____________.
H. Is he a man or a __________? 3.
I. As stubborn as a _________.
J. As slow as a ___________.
K. As wise as an ___________. 4.
L. As dirty as a ____________.

A B

C D E F 5.
G H I J 6.

K L

7. 9.
8.

12.
10. 11.
 41

Exercise 47
SPELLING
Plurals

Find the correct plural for each of the clues below to complete the crossword puzzle in
your answer book.

Clues

Across Down

1 Woman (women) 2 Ox
4 Foot 3 Goose
7 Man 5 Thief
10 Mouse 6 Tree
11 Knee 8 Tooth
12 Leaf 9 Lily
14 Child 11 knife
14 Story
15 sheep

Exercise 48
VOCABULARY ENRICHMENT
Collective nouns

Find the correct collective noun for each of the clues below to complete the crossword
puzzle in you answer book..

Clues

Across Down

1 A school of fish 2 A _____ of sailors

4 A _____ of oxen or horses 3 A _____ of bread
5 A _____ of players or horses 7 A _____ of puppies, pigs or kittens
6 A _____ of sheep 8 A _____ of chickens
9 A _____ of bees or locusts 9 A _____ of tools
10 A _____ of teachers 11 A _____ of ships or cars
12 A _____ of monkeys 13 A _____ of paper
14 A _____ of trees
15 A _____ of people
 42

Exercise 49
VOCABULARY ENRICHMENT
Animal Sounds

Find the correct animal sound for each of the clues below to complete the crossword
puzzle in your answer book.

Clues

Across Down

1 A bird chirps. 2 A hen ______.

4 Frogs ______. 3 Donkeys ______.
6 A snake ______. 5 A lion ______.
8 A duck ______. 6 Owls ______.
12 An elephant ______. 7 Pigs ______.
13 Dogs ______. 9 Cats ______.
14 A cow ______. 10 Doves ______.
15 A rooster ______. 11 A wolf ______.

Exercise 50
VOCABULARY ENRICHMENT
Diminutives

Find the correct diminutives for each of the clues below to complete the crossword puzzle
in your answer book.

Clues

Across Down

2 Goat - kid 1 Elephant

4 Sheep 3 Frog
5 Cow 6 Mare
8 Horse 7 Deer
10 Poultry 9 Pig
12 Owl 11 Horse
14 Turkey 13 Lion
15 Cat
 43

Exercise 51
FIGURES OF SPEECH
Comparisons - Similes

Find the correct similes for each of the clues below to complete the crossword puzzle in
your answer book.

Clues

Across Down

3 As gentle as a lamb. 1 As good as ______.

5 As slow as _____. 2 As sly as a ______.
7 As stubborn as a ______. 4 As busy as a ______.
9 As sick as a ______. 6 As white as ______.
11 As wise as an ______. 8 As brave as a ______.
12 As strong as an ______. 10 As fresh as a ______.
13 As free as ______. 14 As heavy as ______.
15 As ugly as ______. 16 As slippery as an ______.
18 As light as a ______. 17 As faithful as a ______.
19 As greedy as a ______.

Exercise 52
FIGURATIVE EXPRESSIONS
Proverbs

Find the correct proverb for each of the clues below to complete the crossword puzzle, in
your answer book.

Clues

Across Down

1 Beggars cannot be choosers. 1 _______is thicker than water.

3 _________ have ears. 2 All that glitters is not _______.
7 ________ and steady wins the 4 While there is _______, there is hope.
race.
9 The ______ of the pudding is 5 _________wisely or not at all.
in the tasting.
10 Every _______ has its day. 6 __________goes before the fall.
11 Every dark _______has a 8 Where there is a ________ there is a way.
silver lining.
13 Tell the truth and shame the 12 Dead ________ men tell no tales.
_________.
14 No _________ is good news.
 44

Exercise 53
FIGURATIVE EXPRESSIONS
Proverbs

Find the correct proverb for each of the clues below to complete the crossword puzzle, in
your answer book.

Clues

Across Down

1 A new broom sweeps 1 _______ of a feather flock together

clean.
6 There is no _____ without 2 It’s no use crying over spilt ______.
fire.
7 Spare the _____ and spoil 3 There’s no _______ like an old fool.
the child.
9 A little _______ is a 4 To put _______together.
dangerous thing.
10 A ______ in need is a friend 5 Good ________ needs no bush.
indeed.
6 He who sups with the devil needs a long
_________.
8 There are none so _______ as those who
will not hear.
 45

Exercise 54
PUNCTUATION
The Apostrophe: Contractions

We often join two words when we speak. In the process of joining these
words, letters are sometimes left out (omitted).

The word contract means to become smaller. Because the two words joined
together are smaller than the two words when they are apart, we say that the
words are contractions.

An apostrophe
can be used to show where the
letter or letters have been omitted
in contractions.
1. Find the contraction in each of the following sentences. Write the
contraction out correctly. Make sure that you form the apostrophe
correctly. It should look like a ‘9’ with the head coloured in.

a. This knife isn’t sharp.

b. Let’s erase the writing on the board.
c. I don’t want to travel by aeroplane.
d. I wouldn’t go with him to the movies.
e. I will fire him if he doesn’t come on time.
f. He shouldn’t have stolen the money.
g. If I hadn’t arrived on time, they would have left without me.
h. Weren’t you supposed to wash the dishes/

2. In each of the following sentences, two words can be joined to make a

contraction. Write the two words.

a. I do not want to go with you.

b. I could not hear what she was saying.
c. Let us see if we can afford a new car.
d. It will be sunrise soon.
e. We could have received a merit for our work.
f. I cannot understand what you are saying.
g. I must not forget to water the plants.
h. We had better hurry up.
 46

Exercise 55
PUNCTUATION
The Apostrophe: Contractions

The apostrophe can be used to show missing letters in words that have been
joined. These joined words are called contractions.

Identify the letters that have been left out of each contraction and shade the
letters or letters that the apostrophe is replacing.

s h o u l d + n o t = s h o u l d n ’ t

y o u + a r e = y o u ’ r e

I + h a v e = I ’ v e

t h e y + w i l l = t h e y ’ l l

s h o u l d + h a v e = s h o u l d ’ v e

w e + s h a l l = w e ’ l l

w e + w i l l = w e ’ l l

t h e y + a r e = t h e y ’ r e

s h e + h a d = s h e ’ d

w o u l d + h a v e = w o u l d ’ v e
 47

Exercise 56
PUNCTUATION
The Apostrophe: Contractions

The apostrophe can be used to show missing letters in words that have been
joined. These joined words are called contractions.

1. In each of the following pairs of words, the letters that should be left out
when they are joined have been highlighted. Write a contraction for the
two words by adding an apostrophe correctly.

a. We will
b. They have
c. I am
d. We are
e. Have not
f. Cannot
g. Should have
h. She had
i. They are
j. Ought not

2. For each of the following contractions, write the two words that it came
from. The letters that were left out have been written in brackets.

a. She’s very naughty. (i)

b. He’d better be on time. (ha)
c. We’ve got work to do. (ha)
d. They’re late. (a)
e. I should’ve eaten the apple. (ha)
f. What’s the time? (i)
g. We’d have been early if the traffic wasn’t congested. (woul)
h. They’ll be here soon. (wi)
i. I don’t like spinach. (o)
j. I’m not feeling well. (a)

A contraction that does not follow the rules

Will + not = won’t

 48

Exercise 57
PUNCTUATION
The Apostrophe: Contractions

1. Look at the following silly sentences. Each word in heavy type is a contraction
made with the letters us or not. Decide which two words were used to make
the contraction and write the two words on the line provided for your answer.

a. “This knife isn’t blunt,” she said sharply.

b. “Let’s erase the board,” the teacher said blankly.
c. “I don’t want to turn on the heat,” she said warmly.
d. “I wouldn’t go with him because he is dull,” he said bluntly.
e. “I will fire him if he doesn’t come on time,” he said coldly.
f. “He shouldn’t ask me for the meaning of the word. He should use a
dictionary,” she said meaningfully.

2. Match the contraction in column B with the words in column A. Write the
contraction next to the appropriate number.

A B
1. Do not Couldn’t
2. Let us Weren’t
3. Could not Hadn’t
4. Were not Doesn’t
5. Had not Haven’t
6. Does not Wouldn’t
7. Have not Don’t
8. Would not Let’s
 49

Exercise 58
PUNCTUATION
The Apostrophe: Contractions

1. Read the story below. Each pair of words in heavy type can be joined to
form a contraction. Write the contraction.

“I will (1) grant each of you one wish,” said Queen Dazzle to the
star, the moon and the fluffy white cloud. “But, these are the
conditions. You will (2) always shine on my land.”
“That’s impossible,” said the star. “I would (3) like two nights off
each week, to rest and the moon said he would (4) like three nights
off.”
“I would (5) like time off too,” said the fluffy white cloud.
“Impossible,” said the Queen. “I must have beautiful nights. You
will (6) not get your wishes.”
The star, the moon and the fluffy white cloud got together to discuss
the situation. The star and the moon decided that they would (7)
hide behind the cloud, who would (8) fill up with rain and pour it
down upon Queen Dazzle’s land.
“She will (9) be sorry,” said the cloud. “I will (10) rain for many
nights.”

2. Decide which contraction can be made from each of the underlined words.
Write the contraction.

a. She would not grant their wishes unless they agreed to her conditions.
b. We would not give in to her demands.
c. We will rain on her lands.
d. She will not get her own way.
e. It will rain for weeks
f. They will suffer for their lack of co-operation
g. I will never give you what you want.
h. She would rather get wet than let them get their own way.
i. We would like to shine for only two days.
j. They would like to teach her a lesson.
 50

Exercise 59
PUNCTUATION
The Apostrophe: Ownership

The bag of Sally Sally’s bag

The words on both bags mean the same thing. They both mean that the bag
belongs to Sally. But, the words on the second bag are an easier and faster
way to write or say that the bag belongs to Sally.

An apostrophe has been used to show ownership.

Sometimes, the apostrophe can be used on its own and sometimes it must be
used with the letter s.

In each of the following sentences an ownership apostrophe has been used.

If an apostrophe has been used on its own, write (’). If an apostrophe has
been used with the letter s, write (’s)

1. The family’s car needs a service.

2. That boy’s school is down the road.
3. Miss Smith’s house is very big.
4. The women’s clothing store is closed.
5. All the ladies’ hats are brown.
6. Many cars’ licenses are overdue.
7. Jesus’ disciples caught many fish.
8. The bus’s wheel was flat.
9. The buses’ wheels were flat.
10. The mice’s whiskers quivered in fear.
 51

Exercise 60
PUNCTUATION
The Apostrophe: Ownership of Singular Nouns

If the owner is singular then

add an apostrophe and the letter s
to the owner.
For Example
One dog owns a tail. The dog’s tail.
One lady owns a bicycle. The lady’s bicycle.
One boss has a bad temper. The boss’s bad temper.

Use the rule for singular nouns and apostrophes to rewrite bracket section of
the following sentences. Write the whole sentence out.

1. The (classroom) desks and chairs were neatly arranged.

2. A (fly) wings are transparent.
3. The (house) roof is in need of repair.
4. He hammered a nail into the (bookcase) shelf to keep it in place.
5. The ambulance stopped at the (hospital) emergency entrance.
6. She punctured the (apricot) skin with a knife.
7. The prince put the ring on the (princess) finger.
8. The boat drifted gently into the (town) harbour.
9. The fishmonger removed the (fish) scales.
10. He fell asleep to the (guitarist) sweet melody.
 52

Exercise 61
PUNCTUATION
The Apostrophe: Ownership of Plural Nouns

If the owner is a
plural that does not end with and s then
add an apostrophe and the letter s
to the owner.
For Example
Many mice own tails. The mice’s tails.
Many children own cases. The children’s cases.

Use the rule for plural nouns and apostrophes to rewrite bracket section of
the following sentences. Write the whole sentence out.

1. The false (teeth) cases were packed and ready for delivery.
2. The (feet) smell was unbearable.
3. The doctor removed the (lice) eggs from the boy’s scalp.
4. He was irritated by the (mice) mischief.
5. She counted up the score on the (dice) numbers.
6. She made a duvet using (geese) feathers.
7. The storekeeper put prices on the (women) hats.
8. The tailor sewed the (men) trousers.
9. The farmer replenished the (oxen) water trough.
10. He was irritated by the (children) noisy shouting.
 53

Exercise 62
PUNCTUATION
The Apostrophe: Ownership of Plural Nouns

If the owner is a
plural that ends with and s then
add an apostrophe only
to the owner.
For Example
Many houses own roofs. The houses’ roofs.
Many monkeys own tails. The monkeys’ tails.

Use the rule for plural nouns and apostrophes to rewrite bracket section of
the following sentences. Write the whole sentence out.

1. He collects photographs of (churches) steeples.

2. The (wolves) excellent sense of smell led them to the herd of deer.
3. The doctor removed the (babies) cribs from the nursery.
4. He was fascinated by the spots on (tomatoes) leaves.
5. The conductor complained that all the (pianos) players were terrible
musicians.
6. The Eskimos used chisels to shape the ice around their (igloos) doors.
7. The storekeeper put plastic covers on the (scissors) handles.
8. The newspaper published a story about the many (heroes) good deeds.
9. The decorator planned the (bedrooms) new colour co-ordinates.
10. He laced six (glasses) rims with poison.
 54

Exercise 63
PUNCTUATION
The Apostrophe: Contractions and Ownership

This jukebox can play twenty songs. Each title has an ’s in it.
In some titles, ’s shows ownership.
In some titles, ’s means is.
In some titles, ’s means has.
In some titles, ’s means us.

Decide which group the song title belongs to and write the number
into the correct CD, in your answer book.

1 6 11 16
She’s leaving home Junior’s farm Let’s spend the night Let’s stay together
THE BEATLES PAUL MC together TINA TURNER
CARTNEY ROLLING STONES
2 7 12 17
Let’s dance Zorba’s dance It’s never too late I think it’s going to
DAVID BOWIE MARCELLO DIANA ROSS rain
MINERBI UB40
3 8 13 18
It’s been nice Let’s go crazy Shakespeare’s sister Life’s been good
EVERLY PRINCE THE SMITHS JOE WALSH
BROTHERS
4 9 14 19
Rosalinda’s eyes It’s a hard life It’s raining again It’s almost tomorrow
BILLY JOEL QUEEN SUPERTRAMP MARK WYNTER

5 10 15 20
Everybody’s got to Somebody’s It’s growing She’s lost you
learn sometime watching me THE THE ZEPHYRS
THE KORGIS ROCKWELL TEMPTATIONS