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Experiment 11

1. The experiment aims to study plant population density and species frequency in a given area by using quadrats of increasing size from 10x10 cm up to 1x1 m. 2. Data on the total number of plant species found in each quadrat size is recorded and used to create a species-area curve to determine the minimum suitable quadrat size. 3. Quadrats of the suitable size are then placed randomly in the area to count individual plants of each species and calculate population density and percentage frequency.

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Anuj Gupta
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236 views5 pages

Experiment 11

1. The experiment aims to study plant population density and species frequency in a given area by using quadrats of increasing size from 10x10 cm up to 1x1 m. 2. Data on the total number of plant species found in each quadrat size is recorded and used to create a species-area curve to determine the minimum suitable quadrat size. 3. Quadrats of the suitable size are then placed randomly in the area to count individual plants of each species and calculate population density and percentage frequency.

Uploaded by

Anuj Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT 5.

Obiective. To study population density and percentage frequency of different


plant species of a given area.

REQUIREMENTS
Metre scale, string or cord, nails, paper, pencil etc.

37
IN BIOLOGY

PROCEDURE
(a) Determination of the size of Quadrat. Prepare a L shaped structure in
m xIm by
the fala
I

using 3 nails and tying a string with them. Now measure 10 cm on


side of the arm of L and then the other. on one
Prepare 10 X 10 sq. cm area using anot
piece of string. Count the number of species occurring in this area. Increase thee
this a
to 20 x 20 cm
sq. and area
similarly record additional species occurring in this area. ReDes
the same procedure till 1 1 sq. peat
x m area covered. Record the observations as
follows
m

90

80

70

60

a 6t eip 50 otrle bail


40

30

20

10

0 1020 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1m
eo 18. b,l. Procedure to find out minimum size of the quadrat.
s e u oTable 5.1. Total number of species and the area iugog sT
S. Area Total no. of specie8
No.
10x 10 sq. cm
2. 20 x 20 sq. cm etpe938169O
3. 30 x 30 sq. cm
up to
100x 100 sq. cm

Using the above recorded data, prepare a graph. Number of speciesare plotted on Y
axis and size of the quadrats on X axis. At one point of graph, curve starts flattening or showS
only a gradual increase. This point denotes minimum area of the quadrant suitable for the
study of an area under consideration.
CORE EXPERIMENTS
39

0
25 50 75 100 cm
F18.8.2 Species area curve to determine the size of the quadrat
(6)Determination of Population density and percentage frequency. Take a
rat of suitable size, lay it randomly at number of places. Count the number orquad
eaCn
plant specles present in the quadrat. If the number of plants in the quadrat is large,
the quadrat can be divided into smaller sub-units and the sum total of all the sub-
units will give the number of individuals of a species in the quadrat. Record the data
in the observation table.
Total No. of individuals in all the quadrats studied
Population Density =
Total No. of quadrats studied
Total No. of quadrats in which species occurred
Percentage Frequency = x 100
Total No. of quadrats studied

50 cmn
COMPREHENSIVE LABORATORY
NUAL IN
40
Nail
Species No.1
Species No.,2
Species No.3
Species No,4
50 cm Species No.5
String

V50cm N bebivib ed ns eheo o


Plants outside ofdat cot
the quadrat
borbdep
Fig 6.4. Occurrence of plant species in a quadrat.

OBSERVATION AND RESULT o lo


Table 5.2. Different plant species, their
and percentage frequen population density
Occurring in a given area
No. of individuals Total no. of Total no. of Total
S. Plant per quadrat
no. of | Population| Frequen
No. individuals quadrats in quadrats density
8peciesI I I I IV in all the percentog
which studied (B) N/B A/Bx10
quadrats species
studied Occurred
(N) (A)
1. oxalS4 0
2
3.
4
5.
6
7.
8.

PRECAUTÍONS
The measurement of quadrats
should be
accurate.
cORE EXPERIMENTS
41
9 The string cord used
or
shouldnot be very thick.
3. One individual of a
species should be counted only once in the quadrat.

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