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Ese201LabReport Exp1

1) The experiment aimed to determine the enthalpy of fusion, or heat of melting, for water by measuring the temperature change of an insulated system containing ice and hot water until thermal equilibrium was reached. 2) Based on the first law of thermodynamics, the heat gained by the ice and mixture equals the heat lost by the hot water. Measurements of the masses and initial/final temperatures were used to calculate the enthalpy of fusion. 3) The experimental results found an enthalpy of fusion of 223.78 kJ/kg, which has an error of 32.83% compared to the actual value. Sources of error likely included heat loss from

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Özge Alkan
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35 views4 pages

Ese201LabReport Exp1

1) The experiment aimed to determine the enthalpy of fusion, or heat of melting, for water by measuring the temperature change of an insulated system containing ice and hot water until thermal equilibrium was reached. 2) Based on the first law of thermodynamics, the heat gained by the ice and mixture equals the heat lost by the hot water. Measurements of the masses and initial/final temperatures were used to calculate the enthalpy of fusion. 3) The experimental results found an enthalpy of fusion of 223.78 kJ/kg, which has an error of 32.83% compared to the actual value. Sources of error likely included heat loss from

Uploaded by

Özge Alkan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

2022/2023 Fall ESE/201 Thermodynamics

LAB REPORT

EXPERIMENT 1

ÖZGE ALKAN 280209041


30.10.2022

 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Experiment 1: Enthalpy of Fusion For Water 
 
Introduction:   
Enthalpy, commonly referred to as non‐mechanical work, is a critical term in studying 
thermodynamic systems. It describes the system's total internal energy and the amount of work 
required to displace its surroundings and create the system's volume and pressure. 
A system's change in enthalpy throughout the process shows how much Heat is transferred to or 
from the system and how much work is being done on or by the system. The first rule of 
thermodynamics stipulates that energy is conserved. Hence the net change in enthalpy solely 
depends on the beginning and ending states; therefore, the term "state function." The experiment 
aims to determine the enthalpy of fusion for water or the net change in temperature during the 
phase shift from solid ice at the melting point to liquid water at the freezing point. 
 
Theory : 
 In the case of this experiment, an isolated system with solid water at fusion temperature surrounded 
by hot water at a specific temperature is set as initial state. The measurements regarding the final 
temperature were held off until the thermal equilibrium process had run its course and the solid ice 
had melted completely. 
 
     Heat gained by ice + Heat gained by mixture = Heat lost by hot water 
 
(m1)(hfus) + (m2)(Cp)(ΔT1)= ‐[(m3)(Cp)(ΔT2)] 
Where; 
 
m1 : mass of ice (kg) 
hfus : enthalpy of fusion of water (kJ/kg) 
m2 : mass of ice (kg) 
Cp : specific Heat of water (= 4.18 kJ/kgK) 
ΔT1 = (Tf ‐Tice): the difference between the final temperature of the mixture and the initial ice 
temperature (°C) 
m3 : mass of the hot water (kg) 
ΔT2 = (Tf ‐Ti): the temperature difference between the final temperature of the mixture and the 
initial hot water temperature (°C) 
 
Experimental Setup: 
• 100‐200 ml styrofoam coffee cup and lid, 
• 100 ml graduated cylinder, 
• Thermometer, 
• Electronic scale or triple beam balance, 
• Ice cubes or chips, 
• Pure water, 
• Heater, 
• 400 ml beaker. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
Procedure: 
The first step is we put the Styrofoam containers together so that there is a small air gap between 
the outer and inner containers, providing more insulation. The cup and lid are used as calorimeters, 
assuming they form an insulated system. We recorded the vessel mass before and after the hot 
water was supplied Fig(1) and Fig(2). Before measuring the initial temperature of the hot water, we 
allow sufficient time for the temperature to stabilize Fig(3). We placed a perfectly placed ice cube 
inside, assuming the initial temperature was 0°C and then calculated the total mass Fig(4). We 
measured the final temperature after thermal equilibrium was achieved Fig(5). 

(1)   (2) 

(3)      (4)   (5)


Table: 

1 
Mass of the  30.7 g 
container (mc) 
Mass of hot  129.6 g 
water+container 
(mw) 
Mass of hot  149.9g 
water+container+ice 
(mi 
Initial temperature  18.1 C 
of hot water (Ti) 
Final temperature of  5.9 C 
mixture (Tf) 
Initial temperature  0 C 
of ice (Tice) 
Enthalpy of fusion  223.78 
for water (Hfus) 

Conclusion:  
The experiment resulted in an unreasonable error rate which is %32.83. The actual value of Hfus is 
higher than the experimental value, which means that the heat loss in hot water cannot be 
exaggerated. Maybe this is because when we measured for the experiment, we measured the empty 
container without the lid, but then we closed it with the lid to do the experiment. Therefore, masses 
may have been calculated incorrectly, and our enthalpy value may have been incorrect. 

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