Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction: Department of Education

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region v
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SORSOGON
SIUTON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Name: ______________________________________________________________________________________
Grade and Section: __________________________
Date: ____________
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction

I. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT/ BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Meaning of DISASTER
• The word disaster derived from French “desastre” which means in Geek is “Bad Aster = Bed
Star”.
• The root of the word disaster comes from an astrological theme in which the ancients used to
refer to the destruction or deconstruction of a star as a disaster.
• The ancient people believed that the disaster is occurred due to the unfavorable position of the
“planets” or “Act of God”.
DISASTER
• D – Destruction
• I - Incidents
• S - Sufferings
• A – Administrative, Financial failures
• S - Sentiments
• T - Tragedies
• E – Eruption of Communicable diseases
• R – Research program and its implementation
DEFINITION
• WHO define disaster as “ Any occurrence that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of
human life, deterioration of health and health services, on a scale sufficient to warrant an
extraordinary response from outside the affected community or area”.
OR
• RED CROSS define disaster as “An occurrence such as hurricane, tornado, storm, flood, high
water, wind driven water, tidal wave, earthquake, drought, blizzard, pestilence, famine, fire,
explosion, building collapse, transportation wreck, or other situation that cause human suffering
or creates human that the victims cannot alleviate without assistance”.
Level of disaster
1
Level I – if the organization, agency, or community is able to contain the event and respond
effectively utilizing its own resources.
Level II – if the disaster requires assistance from external sources, but these can be obtained from
nearby agencies.
Level III – if the disaster is of a magnitude that exceeds the capacity of the local community or
origin and requires assistance from state level or even federal assets.
TYPES OF DISASTER
Natural disasters – Meteorological, Topographical, Environmental
Man-made Disasters – Technological, Industrial, accidents, Security related
How and When an Event Becomes a

Disaster?
An event, either human –made or natural, becomes a disaster when it is sudden or progressive,
causing widespread human, material or environmental losses.
Typhoon Yolanda
 Strength 290km/hour
 The storm surge it brought was sudden and unexpected
 Its devastating effect to human, material, and environment.
 More than 7000 people perished
 The entire city of Tacloban was Flattened
Disaster Risk
 The probability that a community’s structure or geographic area is to be damaged or disrupted
by the impact of a particular hazard, on account of its nature, construction and proximity to a
hazardous area.
 It signifies the possibility of adverse effects in the future. It is derived from the interaction of
social and environmental process, from the combination of physical hazards and the vulnerability
of exposed elements
Exposed to Natural Hazard
Areas/ Location Exposed to:
Coastal areas Storm surge, tsunami, tidal waves

Reclaimed Areas Flooding , sinkhole
Near Fault lines Earthquake
On foot of denuded mountains Mudslide/landslide
Near volcanoes Volcanic eruptions
River banks and esteros Flooding, flash floods
Open field Thunderstorm, hailstorm, blizzard
Exposed to Man – made Hazard
2
Areas/ Location Exposed to:
Near Oil Depots Oil spill, pollution
Near Mining Projects Toxic waste
Near Chemical Plants Chemical fumes, chemical waste
Near Nuclear Plants Nuclear waste
Near factories Factory waste, Pollution
Unsafe building structures Fire
Public Places in Mega Cities Terrorism
Risk Factors Underlying Disasters
Severity of Exposure –
The amount of exposure to the disaster is highly related to risk of future mental problems. At
highest risk are those that go through the disaster themselves. Next are those in close contact with
victims. At lower risk of lasting impact are those who only had indirect exposure, such as news of
the severe damage.
Gender and Family
Disaster recovery is more stressful when children are present in the home. Women with spouses
also experience more distress during recovery. Having a family member in the home who is
extremely distressed is related to more stress for everyone. Marital stress has been found to
increase after disaster
Age
Adults who are in the range of 40 – 60 are likely to be more distressed after disasters. The
thinking is that if one is in that age range, he / she has more demands from job and family.
Research on how children react to natural disasters is still limited at this point in tie. In general,
children show more severe distress after disasters than adults do. Higher stress in the parents is
related to worse recovery in children
Other factors specific to the survivor

Several factors related to a survivor’s background and resources are important for recovery from
disasters. Recovery is worse if survivors:
 Were not functioning well before the disaster
 Have had no experience dealing with disasters
 Must deal with other stressor after the disaster
 Have poor self – esteem
 Think they are uncared by others
 Think they have little control over what happens to them
 Lack the capacity to manage stress
Other factorshave also been found to predict

worse outcomes:
3
 Bereavement (death of someone close)
 Injury to self or another family member
 Life threat
 Panic, horror, or feelings like that during the disaster
 Being separated from family (especially among youth)
 Great loss of property
 Displacement( being force to leave home)
II. LEARNING SKILLS FROM MELCs
Explain the meaning of disaster DRR11/12-Ia-b-1

Differentiate the risk factors underlying disasters DRR11/12-Ia-b-2
III. ACTIVITIES
Activity 1: Tell me something Examine the pictures given below. List down as many as you can about
what you know in the blank.
Phenomenon What can you say about it? What could happen?
Activity 2:
Directions: Read the list of concept/situation below. Describe briefly each situation, identify who could
4
be affected in the situation and then answer the questions that follow.
Situations/Phenomena Short Description Who could be affected?
Ground shaking
Tornado
Landslide
Flood
Indoor Fire
Lava flow
Industrial pollution
Typhoon
Forest fire
Liquefaction
Storm surge
Extreme Rain Fall
Tsunami
Question 1: In general, how would you describe the situations/phenomena given in the
list? Suggest a word that best describe all the given phenomena above.
5
Question 2: How would you describe a society if we presume that they experienced 1
or 2 phenomena given above?
VI. REFERENCE/ SANGGUNIAN
https://www.slideshare.net/Jyothi19587/disaster-ppt
https://www.slideshare.net/jagdishsamabd/disaster-87625979?from_action=save
https://www.slideshare.net/CharizaCervao/disaster-readiness-and-risk-reduction

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Republic of the Philippines

Grade and Section: __________________________

Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction

How and When an Event Becomes a

Exposed to Natural Hazard

Areas/ Location Exposed to:

Coastal areas Storm surge, tsunami, tidal waves

Exposed to Man – made Hazard

Risk Factors Underlying Disasters

Other factors specific to the survivor

Other factorshave also been found to predict

II. LEARNING SKILLS FROM MELCs

Explain the meaning of disaster DRR11/12-Ia-b-1

Extreme Rain Fall

VI. REFERENCE/ SANGGUNIAN

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