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    ADVERBS

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    Shella marie Encanto
    1. An adverb is a word that modifies verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, and phrases by providing context about how, where, when, why, or to what extent something occurs. 2. There are several types of adverbs including adverbs of manner, place, frequency, time, and purpose. Adverbs of manner describe how something is done, adverbs of place describe where something occurs, adverbs of frequency describe how often something happens, and adverbs of time describe when something happens. 3. The position of adverbs in a sentence depends on the type of adverb and what it modifies. Adverbs of manner and place usually go at the end, adverbs of

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    ADVERBS

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    Shella marie Encanto
    61 views20 pages
    1. An adverb is a word that modifies verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, and phrases by providing context about how, where, when, why, or to what extent something occurs. 2. There are several types of adverbs including adverbs of manner, place, frequency, time, and purpose. Adverbs of manner describe how something is done, adverbs of place describe where something occurs, adverbs of frequency describe how often something happens, and adverbs of time describe when something happens. 3. The position of adverbs in a sentence depends on the type of adverb and what it modifies. Adverbs of manner and place usually go at the end, adverbs of

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    ADVERBS(2)

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    1. An adverb is a word that modifies verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, and phrases by providing context about how, where, when, why, or to what extent something occurs. 2. There are several types of adverbs including adverbs of manner, place, frequency, time, and purpose. Adverbs of manner describe how something is done, adverbs of place describe where something occurs, adverbs of frequency describe how often something happens, and adverbs of time describe when something happens. 3. The position of adverbs in a sentence depends on the type of adverb and what it modifies. Adverbs of manner and place usually go at the end, adverbs of

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    61 views20 pages

    ADVERBS

    Uploaded by

    Shella marie Encanto
    1. An adverb is a word that modifies verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, and phrases by providing context about how, where, when, why, or to what extent something occurs. 2. There are several types of adverbs including adverbs of manner, place, frequency, time, and purpose. Adverbs of manner describe how something is done, adverbs of place describe where something occurs, adverbs of frequency describe how often something happens, and adverbs of time describe when something happens. 3. The position of adverbs in a sentence depends on the type of adverb and what it modifies. Adverbs of manner and place usually go at the end, adverbs of

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    of 20

    Topic 5: Parts of

    Speech - ADVERBS

    EN110
    WHAT IS ADVERB?

    An adverb is a word that is used to change, modify or qualify several


    types of words including an adjective, a verb, a clause,
    another adverb, or any other type of word or phrase, with the
    exception of determiners and adjectives, that directly modify nouns.

    A good way to understand adverbs is to think about them as the words


    that provide context. Specifically, adverbs provide a description of
    how, where, when, in what manner and to what extent something is
    done or happens.

    Normally, we can spot an adverb by the fact that it often ends in –


    ly, but there are lots of adverbs that don’t end in this way. Moreover,
    adverbs can be used in many combinations with each other.
    Traditionally considered a single part of speech, adverbs perform a
    wide variety of functions, making it difficult to treat them as a
    single, unified category.

    However, spotting an adverb, especially one that ends in -ly is easy.


    Adverbs normally help paint a fuller picture by describing how
    something happens, such as

    When? She always arrives early.


    How? He drives carefully.
    Where? They go everywhere together.
    In what way? She eats slowly.
    To what extent? It is terribly hot.
    There are many rules for using adverbs, and these rules often depend upon
    which type of adverb you are using. Remember these basics and using
    adverbs to make sentences more meaningful will be easier for you.

    1. Adverbs can always be used to modify verbs. Notice that the second of
    these two sentences is much more interesting simply because it contains
    an adverb:

    EX 1: The dog ran. (You can picture a dog running, but you don’t really
    know much more about the scene.)

    EX 2: The dog ran excitedly. (You can picture a dog running, wagging its
    tail, panting happily, and looking glad to see its owner. You can paint a
    much more interesting picture in your head when you know how or
    why the dog is running.)
    2. Adverbs are often formed by adding the letters “-ly” to adjectives. This
    makes it very easy to identify adverbs in sentences. There are many
    exceptions to this rule;
    everywhere, nowhere, and upstairs are a few examples.

    3. An adverb can be used to modify an adjective and intensify the meaning it


    conveys. For example:
    My math teacher is incredibly patient.
    This movie is more interesting than the first one.

    As you read the following adverb examples, you’ll notice how these useful
    words modify other words and phrases by providing information about the
    place, time, manner, certainty, frequency, or other circumstances of
    activity denoted by the verbs or verb phrases in the sentences.
    Types of Adverbs

    1. Adverbs of Manner

    An adverb of manner will explain how an action is carried out. Very


    often adverbs of manner are adjectives with -ly added to the end, but
    this is certainly not always the case. In fact, some adverbs of manner
    will have the same spelling as the adjective form.

    Some examples of adverbs of manner include:


    Slowly, Rapidly, Clumsily, Badly, Diligently, Sweetly, Warmly and
    Sadly
    1. She passed the exam easily.
    2. They walk quickly to catch the train.
    3. The dinner party went badly.
    4. John answered the question correctly.

    Notice how the adverbs are formed by adding -ly to the adjectives bad,
    correct and quick, although there is a slight spelling change when
    forming an adverb with the adjective easy.

    As mentioned, some adverbs of manner take the same spelling as the


    adjective and never add an -ly to the end:

    1. The boys had worked hard.


    2. Julia dances well.
    2. Adverbs of place
    An adverb of place, sometimes called spatial adverbs, will help explain where an
    action happens. Adverbs of place will be associated with the action of the verb in a
    sentence, providing context for direction, distance and position: southeast,
    everywhere, up, left, close by, back, inside, around. These terms don’t usually end in -
    ly.

    a. Directions
    1. New York is located north of Philadelphia.
    2. They traveled down the mountainside.
    3. First, I looked here, and then I looked there, but I can’t find them anywhere.

    Notice that here and there are often used at the beginning of a sentence to express
    emphasis or in exclamation.
    Here comes the sun.
    There is love in the air.
    Here you are!
    b. Distance
    1. Jane is moving far away.
    2. Carly is sitting close to me.

    c. Position
    1. The treasure lies underneath the box.
    2. The cat is sleeping on the bed.
    3. Why are you standing in the middle of the dancefloor?

    In addition, some adverbs of position will refer to a direction


    of movement. These often end in -ward or -wards.

    1. Oscar travelled onward to Los Angeles.


    2. Hannah looked upwards to the heavens.
    3. Molly, move forward to the front of the queue, please.
    3. Adverbs of Frequency
    Adverbs of frequency are used to express time or how often something occurs. Adverbs
    of frequency can be split two main groups. The first, adverbs of indefinite frequency,
    are terms that have an unclear meaning as to how long are how often something
    occurs: usually, always, normally.

    These adverbs will usually be placed after the main verb or between the auxiliary verb and
    infinitive.

    1. The adverb is usually placed before the main verb.


    2. I can normally make the shot.
    3. I will always love

    Adverbs of definite frequency will usually be placed at the end of the sentence.

    1. We get paid hourly.


    2. The situation seems to change monthly.
    3. The newspaper is bought daily.
    4. Adverbs of Time
    Adverbs of time, while seemingly similar to adverbs of frequency, tell
    us when something happens. Adverbs of time are usually placed at the end of a
    sentence.

    1. Harvey forgot his lunch yesterday and again today.


    2. I have to go now.
    3. We first met Julie last year.

    While it’s almost always correct to have the adverb of time at the end of the
    sentence, you can place it at the start of the sentence to put a different emphasis on
    the time if it is important to the context

    1. Last year was the worst year of my life.


    2. Tomorrow our fate will be sealed.
    3. Yesterday my troubles seemed so far away.
    5. Adverbs of Purpose

    Adverbs of purpose, sometimes called adverbs of reason, help to


    describe why something happened. They can come in the form of
    individual words – so, since, thus, because – but also clauses – so that, in
    order to. Notice in the examples that the adverbs of purpose are used to
    connect sentences that wouldn’t make sense if they were formed alone.

    1. I was sick, thus didn’t go to work today.


    2. I started jogging so that I wouldn’t be late.
    3. Because I was late, I jogged a little faster.
    4. Since it’s your birthday, I will buy you a gift.
    Positions of Adverbs
    The positions of adverbs are not a fixed or set thing. As you have seen, adverbs can
    appear in different position in a sentence. However, there are some rules that help us
    decide where an adverb should be positioned. The rules will be different depending on
    whether the adverb is acting to modify an adjective or another adverb, a verb or what
    type of adverb it is.

    A. Adverb position with adjectives and other adverbs - These adverbs will usually be
    placed before the adjective or adverb being modified:

    Examples:
    1. We gave them a really tough match. (The adverb really modifies the adjective tough.)
    2. It was quite windy that night. (The adverb quite modifies the adjective windy.)
    3. We don’t go to the movies terribly often. (The adverb terribly modifies the
    adverb often.)
    B. Adverb position with verbs - This can be a bit trickier because, it will
    depend on the type of adverb – place, position, time etc. – and there are
    many exceptions to the rules. However, a basic set of guidelines is
    shown below:

    Adverbs of manner or place are usually positioned at the end of the


    sentence:

    1. She laughed timidly.


    2. I stroked the cat gently.
    3. Janine lived here.
    4. There is money everywhere.
    As mentioned, if the adverb is of definite time it will be placed at the
    end of the sentence.
    1. I did it yesterday.
    2.We can discuss it tomorrow.
    3. Let’s go to Paris next week.

    However, if it is an indefinite period of time, it will go between the


    subject and main verb.
    1. We often go to Paris in the springtime.
    2. Debbie regularly swims here.
    3. Bobby and Audrey always loved fishing by the lake.
    Order of Adverbs
    Adverb order is so important it has clear rules. The order of
    adverbs, sometimes also called the ROYAL ORDER OF
    ADVERBS, can help us determine sentence structure too. In short,
    the adverbs get preference (are placed first) in the following order:

    1. Adverbs of manner.
    2. Adverbs of place.
    3. Adverbs of frequency.
    4. Adverbs of time.
    5. Adverbs of purpose.
    Consider this sentence:

    “I run (verb) quickly (manner) down the road (place) every


    morning (frequency) before school (time) because (purpose) I might
    miss the bus.”

    While it is good to remember the order of adverbs, there is always


    flexibility with language, and we have already mentioned that adverbs
    of time and frequency can be placed at the start of a sentence to
    change the emphasis.

    So, bottom line: think of the order of adverbs as more of a guideline


    than a rule that can’t be broken.
    Adverbs List
    1. Many adverbs end in “-ly”. This makes it very easy to spot the
    adverbs in most sentences.

    Examples: Abruptly, boldly, carefully, deliberately, excitedly,


    financially, horribly, mildly, naughtily, openly, poorly, quickly, sadly,
    terribly, willingly, yearly, etc.

    2. Some adverbs tell us where the action happened. These are


    known as adverbs of place.

    Examples: Everywhere, Here, Inside, There, Underground, Upstairs, etc


    Adverbs List
    3. Certain adverbs let us know when or how often the action
    happened. These are known as adverbs of time and adverbs
    of frequency.

    Examples: After, Always, Before, Later, Now, Today, Yesterday

    4. Many adverbs tell us the extent of the action.

    Examples: Almost, Enough, So, Too, Quite, Rather, Very


    Adverbs List
    5. Some adverbs are used as intensifiers.

    Examples: Absolutely, Certain, Completely, Heartily, Really, etc

    6. Certain adverbs called adverbs of manner tell us about the way


    in which something was done.

    Examples: Briskly, Cheerfully, Expectantly, Randomly, Willingly, etc

    Some groups of words serve the same functions as adverbs. These


    are known as adverb clauses. Be sure to read
    the adverb clause section to learn new ways to make your
    sentences even more interesting.

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