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Lecture No 5

The document provides examples and solutions for calculating efficiency and costs related to steam power stations and thermal power stations. The first example calculates the calorific value of fuel used in a steam power station given its overall efficiency and coal consumption per kWh generated. The second example calculates (i) the thermal efficiency of a power station given data on maximum demand, load factor, boiler and turbine efficiencies, and (ii) the annual coal bill given coal consumption per kWh and annual electricity generated.

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Musa Khan
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67 views1 page

Lecture No 5

The document provides examples and solutions for calculating efficiency and costs related to steam power stations and thermal power stations. The first example calculates the calorific value of fuel used in a steam power station given its overall efficiency and coal consumption per kWh generated. The second example calculates (i) the thermal efficiency of a power station given data on maximum demand, load factor, boiler and turbine efficiencies, and (ii) the annual coal bill given coal consumption per kWh and annual electricity generated.

Uploaded by

Musa Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture No.

Example: 1
A steam power station has an overall efficiency of 20% and 0·6 kg of coal is burnt per kWh of
electrical energy generated. Calculate the calorific value of fuel.

Solution:

Let x kcal/kg be the calorific value of fuel.


Heat produced by 0·6 kg of coal = 0·6 x kcal
Heat equivalent of 1 kWh = 860 kcal

Electrical output in heat units


Now, η overall = -------------------------------------
Heat of combustion

0·2 = 860 / 0 ⋅6x

x = 860 / 0 ⋅6 × 0⋅ 2
= 7166·67 kcal/kg

Example: 2

A thermal station has the following data:


Max. Demand = 20,000 kW; Load factor = 40%
Boiler efficiency = 85%; Turbine efficiency = 90%
Coal consumption = 0·9 kg/kWh; Cost of 1 ton of coal = Rs. 300
Determine (i) thermal efficiency and (ii) coal bill per annum.

Solution:

(i) Thermal efficiency = η boiler × η turbine = 0·85 × ·9 = 0·765 or 76·5 %


(ii) Units generated/annum = Max. demand × L.F. × Hours in a year
= 20,000 ×0·4 × 8760 = 7008×104 kWh

Coal consumption/annum = 0·9 kg/kWh × 7008×104 kWh


= 63072000kg

Now we know that 1 ton = 1000Kg so,


63072000kg = 63072000/ 1000 Tons
= 63072 Tons
Now given that 1 Ton = 300Rs so, 63072 Ton = 63072×300= 18921600 Rs

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