Motor

Induction
4.66 Design of Three-phase

AT30-(1.40)AT
=1.40 x 272.248=381.147

Magnetizing current phase, 0.427x6x 381.47

0.427xpx AT30
240x0.95
Im Tph xKw
= 4.28 A

Induction Motor
4.15 Computer-aided Design of Three-phase
induction motor are given
programmes for the design of three-phase
Sample computer
in the following sections.

motor.
1: Stator design of three-phase-induction
Example Program

Solution:
Matlab program
star connected, best power
disp ( Given data 3ph Slip-ring motor,
factor desired')
KW=100
V-3300
f-50 frequency
P-12number of poles
pf-0.9 spower factor
Bav=0.4 SAverage gap density (Wb/m^2)
disp (S1lot loading<=500A)
Kw=0.96 winding factor
Ac-25000 Electric loading (ac/m)
eff=0.9 tefficiency
Q= (KW/eff) /pftinput KVA
CO-11 Bav*Ac*Kw*0.001 Output coefficient
ns=(2*f) /P &synchronous speed in rps
x=Q/ (C0*ns)
disp ('For best power
T=sqrt (0.18L) ')
y=(0.18*P*P) / (pi *pi)
L-sqrt (x/y)
D-sqrt (y*L)
Et-V/ (sqrt (3) )
Fm= (Bav *pi*D*L)/P
Ts=round (Et/
disp ('Stator
(4.44*f*Fm* Kw) )
slot pitch should lie between
15-25mm')
 Computer-aided Design of Three-phase Induction Motor
4.67
/ (0.015) )
cs1=round( (pi*D)
(pi*D) / (0.025) )
ss2-round (
( " satot
t a t o r slots
Ss should lie
dis between values of SS1 to
When qs=-2') Ss2')
disp(
Ss2-3*P*2

When qs=3')
disp(
Ss3-3*P*3

disp(When qs=4')
Ss4-3*P*4

disp( "When qs=5)

Ss5-3*P*5

disp ('Value of Ss Ior q s and q=4 lie between specified limits')

disp (check: )

Iph-(0* 1000) / (sqrt (3) *V)

disp(For star connection Iph=IL');
disp( When Ss=%d, Ss3')
Zss3=round ( (6*Ts) /Ss3)
SL3=Zss3 * I p h

disp( When Ss=%d, Ss4')

Zss4=round ( (6*Ts) /Ss 4)
SL4=Zss4 * I p h

disp (The slot loading for g=4 that is Ss=Ss3 exceeds 500 and is
rejected')
ScZss4 *Ss4
Tsm=round ( (Zss4 *Ss4)/6)

C program
#include<stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main ()

Const double pi-3.14;

star connected, best
PELntf (\nGiven data 3ph Slip-ring motor,
power factordesired'") ;
double KW=100;
double V=3300;
double f=50; //frequency
double P=12;// number of poles
aouble pf=0.9;//power factor
double Bav=0 . 4; 1/Average gap densi ty (WD/m4 of poles=l2 \npower
00 \nV=3300\nfrequency=50\nnumber
nKW=1
)
actors0.9\naverage gap density=0.
Elntf (\nslot loading<=50OA")
ouble Kw=0.96:
//winding factor
tE( \nwinding factor = $lf", Kw) ;
double AC=25000;
Ac= //Electric loading
(aC/m)
 Motor
4.68 Design of Three-phase Induction

printf("\nElectric loading= 81f", Ac);

double eff-0.9; //efficiencY
printf("\nefficiency= 8lf", eff) ;
/pf; //input KVA
double Q- (KW/eff)
printf("\ninput KVA =$lf",Q);
coefficient
double CO-11*Bav*Ac *Kw*0 .001; //Output
printf("\noutput coefficient= 8lf", CO) ;
double ns=(2*f) /P; //synchronous speed in rps
printf("\nsynchronous speed in rps = 8 1 f " , ns) ;

double x=Q/ (C0*ns) ;

printf("\nFor best power T=sqrt (0.18L) ")
double y= (0.18*p*P) / (pi *pi);
double L=sqrt (x/y) ;
printf (" \nLength 8lf", L) ;
double D=sqrt (y*L);
p r i n t f (\nDiameter = 8 l f " , D):
double Et-V/ (sqrt (3) )
printf (\nEmf per turn = *lf", Et) ;
double Fm-(Bav*pi*D*L) /P;
printf ( \nMax flux per pole = $lf", Fm) ;
double Ts=round (Et/ (4.44*f* Fm* Kw) ) ;
printf ("\nNumber of turns in stator = 1 f " , Ts)
printf(\nStator slot pitch should lie be tween 15-25mm") ;
double SSl=round ( (pi*D) / (0.015) ) ;
double Ss2=round ( (pi*D) / (0.025) ) ;
printf (" \nstator slots Ss should lie between values of SS1 to Ss2") ;
printf (\nSS1= $lf \n ss2= s1f", SS1, Ss2) ;
printf (" \nWhen qs=2") ;
double Ss2=3*p*2;
printf ("\nSs2=8lf", Ss2) ;
printf (" \nWhen qs=3") ;
double Ss3=3*p*3;
printf(\nSs3=%lf", Ss3) ;
printf(\nWhen gs=4"):
double Ss4-3*p*4 ;
printf("\nSs4=81f", Ss4) ;
printf (\nWhen qs=5") ;
double Ss5-3*P*5;
printf("\nSs5=8lf", Ss 5) ;
printf (\nValue of Ss for q=3 and q=4 lie
printf (" \ncheck:") ; be tween specified limits") ;
double Iph- (Q*1000) /
(sqrt (3) *V) ;
printf(" \nFor star
connection
printf (" \nWhen Ss=8lf", Ss3); Iph=IL=8lf", Iph)
double
Zss3=round ( (6*Ts) /Ss3)
printf("\nZss3-8lf", 2ss3) ;
 Computer-aided Design of Three-phase
Induction Motor 4.69
double SL3=Zss3*Iph;
printf ("\nWhen -1f", Ss4) ;
double Zss44=round ( 6*Ts) /Ss4) ;
printf ("\nZss4=$lf", Zss4);
SL4=Zss4 * Iph;
double
aof
printf((\nThe slot loading for 4 that is Ss=Ss3
rejected"); exceeds 500 and is
Sc=Zss4 *Ss4 ;
double
printf ( \nSc=$lf", Sc) ;
double Tsm=round ( (Zss4*Ss4) /6) ;
printf (" \nTsm=$lf",Tsm)
return 0;

Example Program 2: Design of squirrel cage rotor of three-phase induction moto

Solution:

Matlab program
disp (Given data: 3ph induction motor, squirrel cage
V=400 rotor : ")

D=0.105 smain dimensions

L=0.125
f-50frequenCy
p-4 number of poles
pf=0.8 apower factor
eff=0.85 efficiency
Ss=36 number of stator slots
hp-3apower rating
Kw=0.85
SS=104 onumber of stator conductors per slot
gU.2+(2*sqrt (D*L) ) 8air gap length
disp('number of rotor slots Sr has to be selected such that Sr!=Ss
and Sr!=Ss (+/-) 3p to avoid cogging")
Sp(So Sr=! 32, 40,44,28');
Sp(So Sr should be (70-130)8 of Ss');
alsp ('Sr lies between 25-47')
(+/-) 5p, (+/-) 1, 0(+/-)2,
pSs-Sr cannot be 0(+/-)p, (+/-)2p,
-)(p (+/-)1) , (+/-) (p(+/-)2) ") (+/-) 1, O(+/
disp (Ss-Sr
)2,
cannot (+/-)4, (+/-)12, (+/-)20,
be 0,
2,(+/-) 3, 0(+/-) 5, (+/-) 6') ; 0(+/-)11 etc')
(+/-) 9, (+/-)10, ;
S-Sr can be 0, (+/-) 7, (+/-) 8,
ddisp ('Let Sr be 36+8 = 44 slots');
Sr=44
I
(hp 746)/ (3*y*eff*pf)
 Induction Motor
4.70 Design of Three-phase

Trdash-11*pf Stator turns per phase

Ta-(88*S8s)/6 number of
bar c u r r e n t
T b - ( ( 6 * K w * T s ) * I r d a s h )/Sr8rotor

Ie-(1b*Sr) / (pi *p)

Assuming 0.02.
diap(Let the resistivity of copper be +h-.
at bars are
extended by 2cm from the rotor c o r e on either side )
current density is 5A/mm2) :
disp( assuming
delb-5
rhob-0.02
L.b-L+0.2*0.2 8length of rotor core
ab-Ib/delbtarea of rotor bar
Pb-(Ib 1Ib* rhob*Lb*Sr) /ab% copper loss in bars
De-((D*100)-(2*lg) )/100 8mean diame ter of end ring
ae-Ie/delbtarea of end ring
Pe-(2*Ie*Ie*rhob*pi *De) /aetcopper loss in end rings

C program
include<stdio.h>
Winclude <math.h>
int main ()

const double pi-3.14;

printf ("\nGiven data: 3ph induction motor,
double V400; squirrel cage rotor : ")
double D-0.105; //main dimensions
double L-0.125;
double f-50;
double p=4;
//frequency
//number of poles
double pf=0.8;
double eff=0. 85;
//power factor
double hp-3; //efficiency
//power rating
printf ("\nVoltage= 81f \n Main
frequency= l f \n Number of Dimensions \nL= %lf \n D= 8lf \n

efficiency= 81f \n power poles= %1f n Power factor= 3lf

double Ss-36; rating %lf =

\n",V, D, L, f,p, pf,err lP

//number of stator slotss
printf ("\nNumber of stator
double Kw-0.85; slots =
%lf", Ss)
printf ("\nKw=8lf", Kw);
double Sss-104;
7/number
of stator
printf\nNumber of stator conductors conductors per slot
double 1g-0.2+ per slot
(2*sqrt (D*L) ) //air gap length=%lf"SSS
printf ("\nnumber of
rotor Slots
Sr!-Ss and Sr! =Ss slots Sr
(+/-) 3p to avoidSr has to bee selected su
to be
printf("\nSo Sr=! 32,40,44,28") cogging") ;
printf ("\nSo Sr should
be
printf ("\nSr lies (70-130) // of Ss")
between 25-47") ;
 Computer-aided Design of Three-phase Induction Motor
4.71
intf (" \nSs-Sr cannot be 0(+/-)p, (+/-)2p, (+/-) 5p, (+/-)1, 0(+/-
0 -) (p (+/-):1), (+/-) (p(+/-) 2) ") ;
2, ott be 0,
f("\nSs-Sr canno
(+/-)4, (+/-)12, (+/-)20, (+/-)1,
0c+/-)5, (+/-)6"); 0(+/-)2, (+/-3,
printf("\nSs-Sr an
ca be 0, (+/-)7, (+/-) 8, (+/-) 9, (+/-) 10,
0(+/-) 11
etc");

SSr be 36 +8 4 4
printf
\nLet
(n
slots") ;
double Sr=44;
puble Il= (hp*746)/(3*v*e
7*eff*pf);
double Irdash=Il *pf;

double Ts= (Ss*Sss) /6; //number of stator turns per

rintf ( \nnumber of stator turns per phase = slf", Ts) ; phase
double Ib= ( (6*KW*T's) *Irdash)/Sr; //rotor bar current
printf (Mrotor bar current = $ l f " , Ib) ;
double Ie=(Ib*Sr) / (pi*p); /lend ring current
printf (\nend ring current= slf", Ie) ;
printf ("\nLet the resistivity of copper be 0.02. Assuming that bars
are extended by 2cm from the rotor core on either side");
printf (\nassuming current density is 5A/mm2"") ;
double delb=5;
double rhob=0.02;
double Lb=L+0.2*0.2; //length of rotor core
printf (\nlength of rotor core =
slf", Lb);
double ab=Ib/delb; /larea of rotor bar
printf (" \narea of rotor bar = *lf", ab);
double Pb= (Ib* Ib*rhob*Lb*Sr) /ab; / / copper loss in bars
printf (" \ncopper loss in bars slf", Pb) ; =

double De= ( (D*100) - (2*lg) ) /100; //mean diameter of end ring

printf (\nmean diameter of end ring
&lf", De); =

double ae=Ie/delb; //area of end ring

printf ("\narea of end
ring slf", ae) =

aouble Pe= (2*

Ie*Ie*rhob* pi*De) /ae;//copper loss in end rings
printf ("\ncopper loss in end rings = slf", Pe) ;
return 0;

mple Program 3: Design of wound rotor of three-phase induction motor.

Solution:
Matlab program
disp ( Given data: 3ph induction motor, slip-ring rotor: )
Q=80KW
f=50 %£requency
V=440 rated voltage
P=8number of poles
 Induction Motor
Three-phase
4.72 Design of
slots
stator
of
per slot
8Number
Ss=65 conductors
Stator
8number of slin-w
Zss=5 between
8max oper
circult voltage
Vocslip=350
eff-0.85 efficiency
pf-0.8 &power factor

&Stator slots per phase per

pole
Ssphp-(Ss/P) /3
rotor slots per phase per pole be a ');
disp(Let number of fo
disp('rotor slots should be an integral multiple of a
slot winding');
ntegral
disp('for qr=2')
Sr2-3*P*2 number of rotor slots

disp('for qr=3')
Sr2-3*p*3 8number of rotor slots
disp('for qr=4');
Sr2-3*P*4 onumber of rotor slots
disp (To eliminate harmonics Ss-Sr should not be equal to 0, (+/-
P (+/-)2p, (+/-) 3p, (+/-)5p, (+/-) 1, (+/-) 2, (+/-) (p (+/-)1), (+/-)
(p(+/-)2) ') ;
disp ('So for P=8, Ss-Sr should not be 1, (+/-) 8,
(+/-)16, (+/-) 24,
(+/-)40, (+/-)1, (+/-)2, (+/-)7, (+/-) 10, (+/-) 6)
disp ('Sr can be equal to (+/-) 3, (+/-) 4, (+/-)
etc');
5, (+/-)11, (+/-) 12
disp('Let us choose Sr=50 such that Sr-Ss
is
Sr=50 15');
E2=Vocslip/sqrt (3) rotor induced
T1-round ((Ss*Zss)/6)stator turns voltage
per phase
T2=round ( (Vocs1ip/V) *T1)
Rotor turns per
Zr-2*T2 onumber of rotor
conductors
phase
Zrs=Zr/Srånumber of rotor conductors
Cp-Sr/8 coil pitch for full per slot
Vocslipl= (sqrt (3)) *E2 %actualpitch winding
circuit voltage between slip-rings open
O
I1=(0*1000)/ (eff
*pf*3*
mmf1-I1*T1 stator mmf (V/sqrt (3) )) %stator
mmE2-0.85*mmf1 6rotor mmf current/phase
12=mmf2/T2

C program
#include<stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main ()

printf (\nGiven
) data: 3ph
double Q=80; //KW induction motor, l n g r o t o r :

S11P
double f=50;//frequency
 Computer-aided Design of Three-phase Induction Motor
4.73
double V=440; //rated voltage
double P=8;
//number of poles
double Ss=65; //Number of stator slots
double Zss=5; //number of Stator conductors per slot
double Vocslip=350; //max open circuit
voltage between slip-rings
double eff=0. 85; //efficiency
double
0.8; /powower factor
printf(
e (N\nKW= %lf \n frequency= 6lf \n Rated voltage= %lf \n Number
les= %1f \n Number ot s tator slots= 8lf \n number of Stator
of
conductors per sLOt 61r \n max oper circuit voltage b e tween slip-

rings l f \n efficiency 81f \npower factor = 8lf \n", Q, £, V,P, Ss

,Zss, Vocslip, eff, pf)
;

double Ssphp= (Ss/P) /3; /Stator slots per phase per pole
Drintf ("\n Number of s t a t o r s l o t s per phase per pole = * l f ",Ssphp);

Drintf ( \nLet number of rotor slots per phase per pole be q") ;
Drintf ("\nrotor slots should be an integral multiple of q for integral
slot winding")
printf (\nfor qr=2") ;
double Sr2=3 *P*2 ; //number of rotor slotts
printf (" \nnumber of rotor slots =8lf", Sr2) ;
printf (\nfor qr=3") ;
Sr2-3*p*3; //number of rotor slots

printf ("\nnumber of r o t o r slots =%lf", Sr2) ;

printf (\nfor qr=4") ;
Sr2-3*p*4; //number of rotor slots
printf (" \nnumber of r o t o r slots =%lf", Sr2) ;

pElntf (\nTo eliminate harmonics Ss-Sr should not be equal to 0,

(+/-) 5p, (+/=) 1, (+/-) 2, (+/-) (p (+/-) 1) ,

(+/-)p, (+/-) 2p, (+/-) 3p,

(+/-) (p (+/-) 2) ") (+/-
Ss-Sr should not be 1, (+/-) 8, (+/-)16,
nE( \nSo for P=8,
(+/-) 2, (+/-) 7, (+/-) 10, (+/-) 6 )
( + / - ) 40, (+/-) 1, (+/-
\nSr be equal to (+/-) 3, (+/-) 4, (+/-) 5, (+/-) 11,
C can
)12 etc'") ;
is 15"):
ntr(\nLet us choose Sr=50 such that Sr-Ss
double Sr=50;
induced vol tage
double E2=Vocslip/sqrt (3) //rotor
lf",E2) i
\n rotor induced voltage=
d turns per phase
aouble T1=round ( (Ss*Zss)/6) //stator

8lf",T1) ;
PEntf s t a t o r turns per phase= //Rotor turns per phase
double T2=rCround ((Vocs1
slip/V) *T1) ;
Printf nRotor turns p e r phase 8lf", TZ)i =

douruble Zr=2 *T2 7/number of rotor

conductors

; 81f", Zr) ;
.ntf ("\n number Of rotor
conductors=

per
slot
double Lrs=Zr/Sr; //nummber of rotor
conductors

slot = 81f",Zrs) ;
Printf per
("\nnumber
e r
of
of rotor
rOLO
conductors
4.74 Design of Three-phase Induction Motor

double Cp-Sr/8; //coil pitch for full pitch winding

printf ("\ncoil pitch for full pitch winding 8lf", Cp);
=

double Vocslipl= (sqrt (3) ) *E2; //actual voltage between

on open c i r c u i t slip-rings
printf ("\nactual voltage between slip-rings on open circuit
%1f",Vocslip1) =

double I1= (Q*1000) / (eff*pf*3* (V/sqrt (3) ))

printf ("\nstator current/phase //stator current/phase
double lf",I1);
=

mmfl=I1*T1; //stator mmf

printf ("\nstator mmf 8lf" ,
=

double mm£1);
mmf2=0.85*mmmf1 ; //rotor mmf
printf ("\nrotor mmf =
lf", mmf2) ;
double I2=mmf2/T2 ; /rotor
current
printf ("\n %lf", 12) ;
=

return 0;