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Physics Project

This document is a certificate certifying that a student named Chetan Rangari successfully completed a physics investigatory project under teacher guidance during the 2022-2023 school year. It includes acknowledgements thanking various people who provided support and guidance during the project, including the principal, physics teacher, parents, friends, and classmates. The project is about designing and building a dry cell charger circuit.

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Ayush Khonde
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377 views

Physics Project

This document is a certificate certifying that a student named Chetan Rangari successfully completed a physics investigatory project under teacher guidance during the 2022-2023 school year. It includes acknowledgements thanking various people who provided support and guidance during the project, including the principal, physics teacher, parents, friends, and classmates. The project is about designing and building a dry cell charger circuit.

Uploaded by

Ayush Khonde
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics

Investigatory
Project
on

By
This is to certify to that CHETAN RANGARI, a
student of class 12th(science) has successfully
completed his project work under the
guidance of subject teacher_______________
during the year 2022-2023 in partial
fulfilment of physics practical examination
conducted by CBSE.

______________ _____________
Teacher In-charge External Examiner

______________
Principal School Rubber Stamp
In the accomplishment of this project successfully, many
people have best owned upon me their blessings and the
heart pledged support this time I am utilizing to thank all the
people who have been concerned with project.
Primarily, I would thank God for being able to complete this
project with success. Then I would like to thank my principal
_____________________________ and physics teacher
_____________________________, whose valuable
guidance has been the ones that helped me patch this
project and make it full proof success his suggestions and his
instructions has served as the major contributor towards the
completion of the project
Then I would like to thank my parents and friends who have
helped me with their valuable suggestions and guidance has
been helpful in various phases of the completion of the
project.
Last but not the least I would like to thank my classmates
who have helped me a lot.

Name: - Chetan Rangari


INDEX
1) Certificate of excellence
2) Acknowledgement
3) Introduction
4) Theory
5) Components required
6) Circuit diagram
7) Description of circuit
diagram
8) Conclusion
9) Thank you note
A dry cell charger is an electronic
gadget, which can be used to
recharge the used up dry cells and
thus making it possible to again
use them.
A dry cell consists of a cylindrical zinc
container, which acts its negative pole. A
carbon rod fitted with a brass cap and
placed in the middle of the zinc container
act as the positive pole. A moist paste of
saw dust saturated with ammonium
chloride and zinc chloride (highly
hygroscopic) is used as an electrolyte.
The carbon rod is surrounded by a closely
packed mixture of manganese dioxide
and charcoal powder in a muslin bag.
While the manganese dioxide acts as
depolariser, the charcoal powder
reduces the internal resistance of the cell
When a dry cell is put to use, the
following reactions take place inside the
cell.
At negative pole:
Zn Zn++ + 2e-
In electrolyte:
Zn++ + 2 NH4Cl ZnCl2 + 2 NH4 + + 2e-
2 NH4+ + 2 e- 2 NH3 + H2
In depolariser:
2 MnO2 + H2 Mn2O3 + H2O
Therefore, as a dry cell is used, ammonium
chloride is used up and zinc metal is converted
into zinc chloride. A dry cell can be charged
again by regeneration ammonium chloride
and zinc metal. A dry cell charger brings about
this required regeneration. However, the
depolarising action of manganese dioxide to
convert hydrogen gas into water is permanent
and irreversible. Due to this, a dry cell can
never be recharged completely and has to be
discarded after recharging it a couple of times.
1) A step-down transformer
(9V -350 mA)
2) Junction diode (BY 127)
3) Resistors having resistance
of 22Ω, 22Ω, 150Ω and
100kΩ
4) Neon bulb
5) Torch bulb (6.3 V – 60mA)
6) Switch
The step-down transformer converts 220V
a.c. into 9V d.c., when the a.c. supply is
switched on with the help of the switch S.
the neon bulb B across the primary coil
has been used to indicates the supply of
a.c. to the primary coil of the transformer.
The resistance of 100 kΩ is put in series
with the neon bulb in order to save it from
getting damaged due to the flow of large
current through it. The junction diode BY
127 converts 9 V a.c. into d.c., which
charges the used up dry cells. The parallel
combination of two 22Ω resistances are
used to regulate the charging current,
while the torch bulb B’ is used to indicate
the level of charging.
Conclusion
In accordance with this design,
there is provided a battery charger
comprised of a means for
individually charging each of a
multiplicity of cells with a direct
current which has a specified range
of current and voltage values,
means for separately controlling the
direct current applied to each of
said cells and means for providing a
different amount of charge to each
of said cells.
Thank you

I would like to thanks


________________________
My physics teacher who gives
me the opportunity to make
project on topic “To make a
dry cell charger’’ which really
help to do study about this
project.
Thank you…

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