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Third Conditional Sentence

The document discusses the third conditional, which is used to talk about something in the past that did not happen and implies regret. It has the structure "If + subject + had + past participle, subject + would + have + past participle." Examples are provided like "If you had worked harder, you would have passed your exam." The order can also be reversed as "You would have passed your exam if you had worked harder." Modal verbs like "could" or "might" can be used instead of "would." Contractions of "would" and "had" are also explained.

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Riki Hidayatullah
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86 views

Third Conditional Sentence

The document discusses the third conditional, which is used to talk about something in the past that did not happen and implies regret. It has the structure "If + subject + had + past participle, subject + would + have + past participle." Examples are provided like "If you had worked harder, you would have passed your exam." The order can also be reversed as "You would have passed your exam if you had worked harder." Modal verbs like "could" or "might" can be used instead of "would." Contractions of "would" and "had" are also explained.

Uploaded by

Riki Hidayatullah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Third Conditional

Sentence
FORM
⋄
IF + S+HAD +V3 , S+WOULD+HAVE+V3

If clause (Condition) Main Clause (Result)

Examples:
If you had worked harder, you would have passed your exam.
If it had rained, you would have gotten wet.
If you hadn't lied to me before, I would have believed you.

2
FUNCTION
To talk about something in the past that did not happen. There is always some
implication of regret with type 3 conditional sentences. The reality is the opposite of,
or contrary to, what the sentence expresses.
EXAMPLES:
⋄ If I had worked harder I would have passed the exam. (Reality: I didn't work
hard, and I didn't pass the exam.)
⋄ If I had known you were coming I would have baked a cake. (Reality: I didn't
know and I didn't bake a cake.)
⋄ I would have been happy if you had called me on my birthday. (Reality: you
didn't call me and I am not happy.)

3
We can also reverse the order
⋄
S+WOULD+HAVE+V3 IF + S+HAD +V3

Main Clause (Result) If clause (Condition)

Examples:
✓ You would have passed your exam if you had worked harder.
✓ You would have gotten wet if it had rained.
✓ I would have believed you if you hadn't lied to me before,

4
USING MODAL “COULD” OR “MIGHT” INSTEAD OF “WOULD”

Could Might
If you had caught the bus, you If I had worked harder, I might
could have been on time have passed the exam.

5
CONTRACTIONS

Both would and had can be contracted to 'd, Examples:


which can be confusing if you are not • If I'd known you were in
confident with type 3 conditional sentences. hospital, I'd have visited you.
Remember 2 rules: (If I had known you were in hospital, I
1. would never appears in the if-clause so would have visited you )
• I'd have bought you a present
if 'd appears in the if clause, it must be
if I'd known it was your birthday.
abbreviating had. (I would have bought you a present if I
2. had never appears before have so had known it was your birthday.)
if 'd appears on a pronoun just before have, it
must be abbreviating would.

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