DAR ES SALAAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING

TELEVISION SYSTERM AND REPAIR

GROUP ASSIGNMENT 1(SWITCHED MODE POWER SUPPLY)

GROUP MEMBERS
NAME REG NO
OSMAN HUSSEIN ISSA 200620729992
BARAKA DEO HUNJA 2006207212056
ISSA BAKARI ISSA 200610720522
VEDASTO AMIRY KINYUNYU 2006207210092
FARID IDRISSA MOHAMED 2006207210605
SALIM MLENGE 200620729786
SEBASTIAN MESHACK 2006207211769
EMMANUEL BANYUKWA 2006207211538
MAGABE SHADRACK 200620729893
FERDINAND KIYABO 2006207211371
AIM: TO TROUBLESHOOTING THE RECEIVER TELEVISION KNOWN AS (Grundig
GU15WDT TV).
Fault recognition
After receiving this Television , We tried to troubleshooting the whole Television to see what its
the causes why this Receiver Television failed to display, and we tried to look and test all input
and output terminals but there were no any fault discovered, After all the testing and
troubleshooting, we tend to look for the internal parties of the Television and We found that the
Receiver Television does not have the Power supply which supplies the power to the whole
circuit of the Television..

Tool used is google as searching engine

WHAT TO DO after fault being recognized.
The received RECEIVER TELEVISION does not have the Power Supply so we agreed to look
for its power supply so we can solve the problem recognized. And Power Supply is called 860-
AB0-P150BTLTA-2H
After passing through different materials, we found its Schematic circuit, block diagram and its
power supply board circuit as well as its Amount the whole power supply.

SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLY BOARD 860-AB0-P150BTLTA-2H for Grundig

GU15WDT TV
Some details of the above power supply
• • BRAND = Blaupunkt
• • Output wattage =150Watts
• • Model =GU15WDT
• • Manufacturer =Grundig

INTRODUCTION THEORY
SMPS Stands for Switch mode power supply where by its function is to transform the voltage
from one level to another. Typically it is taken from the AC mains and transformed into
regulated DC voltage(s) required for electronic circuits or equipment. Switch mode power
supplies have gained much popularity since in the beginning of 80.s because of the benefits they
offer
Advantages of the SMPS
• Smaller size and lighter weight
• High Efficiency and less heat generation
• Better regulation
• Wide range of AC input and
• Low cost
Disadvantages of SMPS
1) Because of more electronic components used in the power supply circuit and when failure
occurs, it could take out many parts in the SMPS for example; lightning strikes on the SMPS.
2) With so many different type of circuits used in the design of a SMPS such as oscillator,
feedback, protection, start up and etc and when problem happens it could actually cause
complication when it comes to
troubleshooting and repairing the SMPS.
3) Some spare parts are expensive and quite hard to get from the market for example; power FETs,
power ICs and switch mode transformer.
4) Strong Electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by the SMPS, without proper shielding
can cause the computer or other devices to generate intermittent problems.
5) Strong induced voltages get feedback to the mains, thus polluting the main supply to other
devices in use nearby.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF POWER SUPPLY
The power supply repair is one of the most challenging tasks for an electronic repairer and once
you have mastered the circuit and the repair technique, to troubleshoot other type of circuits such
as the colour, vertical, audio, high voltage and so forth would be much easier. If you are aware of
how power supply or switch mode power supplies work, then you are ready to repair any kind of
power supply problems in any type of equipment which include the smaller power supplies used
in the notebook or the laptop (Both equipment use smaller size of electronic components but the
working principle is the same). Basically, all of the power supply functions are almost the same
which is to produce output voltages for various secondary circuits.
Working operation of the power supply
The working principle of switch mode power supply is different from the linear type. First the AC
voltage enters the RF filter circuit where its function is to prevent the Power Supply unit from
causing interference on the main wiring and to a full wave rectifier (bridge rectifier) which
converts the AC to produce an uneven DC output and then filter by a large filter capacitor (usually
220 Micro Farad and up to 450 volts).

The clean DC voltage will then be given to start up resistors and to the input of switch mode power
transformer. Once the voltage passed through the high ohms resistor (start up resistors) the voltage
would drop to a value where it then goes to the VCC supply pin of Pulse width modulation (PWM)
IC. The Run DC circuit that consists of a resistor and a diode will maintain the power IC stable
operation.

Once the PWM IC received the voltage, it will produce a signal to drive the transistor (normally
FET) and produces a change in the magnetic field in the transformer primary winding. The
changing magnetic field induces voltage in the secondary windings.

Each of these AC voltage produced by the secondary windings is then rectified, filtered, and
regulated to produce a clean DC voltage. One of the main DC output voltages is the B+ voltage.
The output from the B+ voltage supply is then connected, through a sampling error detection
circuit and .feedback. loop back to the PWM IC. When the voltage from the B+ supply rises or
drop a bit, the PWM IC will act to correct the output.
The switch mode power supply used to power up LCD Monitor can be either the external or
internal type. The function of the power supply is to convert the main supply AC 230 volts into
DC output voltages to supply to the necessary boards in LCD Monitor.
230 Volts AC supply enters the power supply and to the bridge rectifier ac pins (normally is the
2nd and the 3rd leg). The AC supply is then converted into DC output voltage (about 300 VDC-in
USA about 155 VDC) where the big filter capacitor filtered off the ripple so that the power supply
will have a nice constant of DC voltage. This high voltage DC supply is then given to a switching
power FET Transistor. This switching FET transistor circuit is switched on and off at a very high
speed by a control circuit (power IC) which generates very high frequency square wave pulses.

The switching FET transistor circuit switches the given high voltage DC, on and off at the same
high frequency and gives square wave pulses as the output. These square wave pulses are then
given to the primary winding of Switch Mode Power Transformer. These pulses induce a voltage
at the primary winding of the transformer which will generate voltage at the secondary winding.
This voltage at the secondary winding is then rectified and filtered to produce the required output.
The build in power supply have output of usually 12 volts and 5 volts where the 12 volts enters
the inverter IC and also audio power amp IC. The 5 volts will go through one or two voltage
regulators to get the 3.3 and 2.5 volts to power the Scalar IC, MCU, EEprom and even the LCD
driver/controller board.

Generally SMPS consists of about 11 main circuits in order to form the complete set (circuit).
Either one of the circuits malfunction could cause problems in SMPS. The 11 main circuits are:
➢ Input Protection and EMI Filtering Circuit
➢ Bridge circuit
➢ Start up and Run DC circuit
➢ Oscillator circuit
➢ Secondary Output Voltage circuit
➢ Sampling circuit
➢ Error Detection
➢ Feedback circuit
➢ Protection circuit and
➢ Standby circuit
➢ Power Factor Correction (PFC) Circuit
 i. Input Protection and EMI Filtering Circuit
This is the first circuit where AC supply enters the SMPS. The Varistor R802 protects the
power supply from transient voltages resulting from lightning strikes or power surge. The fuse
F801 provides protection against circuit faults and effectively isolates the circuit from the AC
supply source. Capacitor C801 and C824 are X capacitors and help to reduce the differential
mode EMI. Resistor R801 discharges C801 and C824 on AC removal, preventing potential
user shock. Inductor L805 is a common mode inductor and helps in filtering common mode
EMI from coupling back to the AC source. C802 and C803 are Y capacitors
connected from the Line/Neutral to Earth to reduce common mode EMI. Thermistor R840
limits the initial peak inrush current drawn by the circuit at start up

ii. The Bridge Circuit

The bridge circuit consists of a bridge rectifier (either 4 individual diodes or a single package
rectifier) and a filter capacitor. The function of the bridge rectifier is to convert the incoming
AC voltage into DC voltage and the filter capacitor (usually have the value of 220uf 400Volt)
to remove the ripples and this will provide a nice DC voltage source to the primary winding of
switch mode power transformer. For countries that use the 220 to 240 VAC, the DC voltage
that you will get is about 300VDC and for countries that use 110-120VAC, the DC voltage
that you will get is about 150 to 160 VDC. The DC voltage that you get is measured across the
two pins of the filter capacitor using a multimeter. You may refer to chapter 11 on. How to
easily perform voltage testing on SMPS circuit..
 iii. Start Up and Run DC Circuit
This circuit usually consists of one to three high Ohms resistors (usually from 47K Ohm to several
hundred K Ohm) and is connected between the 300VDC voltage line and the supply input of power
IC. After the 300 VDC goes through the start up resistors, the voltage will drop to about 16 VDC
(start up voltage depends on the type of SMPS design) and this voltage is use to kick on the
oscillator in the power IC the first time. After the kick starts, even if the start up resistors have
been removed, the supply will continue to operate because it now gets the supply from another
source which is the secondary winding (in the primary side) as seen in figure 4.5. This is called
the Run DC circuit. As the large filter capacitor discharges the power IC requires additional voltage
to maintain stable operation thus additional circuit, i.e. Run DC circuit is provided to the power IC
from the secondary winding so that the circuit (voltage source) becomes stable. It consists of a
resistor (R816) to prevent peak rectification of spikes, a diode (D803), to rectify the incoming
signal from the transformer which is then smoothed by C808 to give a DC level.

iv. Oscillator circuit

This circuit consists of power IC U101, power FET Q101 (or power bipolar transistor), the
transformer primary winding and at least one secondary feedback either from secondary
winding or from optoisolator IC. The power IC is the main source in controlling the output
voltages at the secondary side of SMPS. The power IC generates output pulse waveform (drive
signal) to the power FET through the gate pin and the power FET started to switch on. When
the switch is turned .On., the transformer primary winding charges (energy stored) and when
the switch is turned off, the energy in the primary winding will be transferred (discharges its
stored energy) into the secondary. In other words, switching the primary winding of the
transformer .On. and .Off. will result in secondary voltage. This also shows that by controlling
the switch on/off time (from the power IC) we can obtain necessary secondary voltage. In other
words, the output voltage can be varied by changing the frequency or duty cycle of the FET.

v. Secondary Output Voltage Circuit

The secondary output voltage circuit provides various positive or negative DC output voltages
to other circuits like Vertical, Horizontal, CPU, Color, Flyback transformer, Computer
Motherboard and etc. The secondary output voltage circuits usually consist of diodes (ultra
fast recovery diodes-to convert AC to DC), filter capacitors (generally are electrolytic
capacitors-to filter off the ripples) and inductors/coils (a coil allows DC to flow through it
while restricting AC current flow). With these three components in each of the output line, the
outputs generated are clean DC and suitable for various circuits (loads). The amount of 35
voltage generated in each output depends on the total turns in each of the secondary winding
of switch mode transformer. The more turns it has, the higher output would be generated.
 vi. Sampling circuit
In order to maintain the output voltages delivered to the load (various circuits), a sample of at least
one output voltage source developed by the supply is required. For a CRT Monitor power supply,
the sample voltage normally derived from the B+ voltage line that goes to the primary winding of
Flyback transformer. Some call this sampling circuit as sensing circuit. Normally only one output
voltage source is required to be sampled, because if the particular output voltage source is too low
or too high, generally all of the other output voltages may vary too. The reason for this sampling
circuit in SMPS is to provide an input to the error detection/feedback circuit so that the duty cycle
in the primary side can be controlled and effectively maintain the output power. The sampling
circuit usually consists of only a few resistors and in some designs, a preset could be found. If this
circuit has an open/resistor or resistor turned into high ohms or even open circuit in the
preset/trimmer the power could blink and also there might be a power shutdown due to output
voltages being too high.
 vii. Error Detection/Error Amp Circuit
The error detection circuit monitors the sampled voltage source (increases or decreases its
level) derived from the sampling circuit and activates the Optoisolator IC feedback as needed
to control the on time of the switching supply so that it will not deliver more or less power to
the secondary side. If this IC or corresponding components have problem, it will cause power
shutdown, power blinking, low output power and even totally no power at all.
 viii. Feedback Circuit
This is generally an Opto isolator IC that uses the internal LED to emit lights to the phototransistor.
The phototransistor acts as an output device while the LED acts as an input device. The light
generated by the LED is determined by the level and potential of the DC error voltage applied to
the LED.s by the error detection circuit. When the LED is emitting light (inside the Optoisolator
IC), the phototransistor is conducting. That means if the LED light intensity is great, the
phototransistor will conduct even more and vice versa (decreases and increases its resistance
proportionally) thus controlling the input to the oscillator in Power IC The end result causes the
oscillator.s frequency to change in response to the error signal feedback and alters the drive signal
to compensate for the output voltage change. Remember, this comparison/compensation occurs
continually and provides a closely regulated output voltage.
 ix. The Protection Circuit
The protection circuit is designed to protect the components by shutting down
either part or all of the power supply in the event problem occurs. There are four common
types of protection circuits that can be used by SMPS designers for circuit protection against
the following dangerous conditions. They are Surge Protection (SP), Over voltage protection
(OVP), Over current protection (OCP) and Thermal Shut Down protection (TSPD).
 x. Standby Circuit
Standby power supply circuit usually can be found in SMPS of electronic equipment like
Television but very rare in the stand alone type of SMPS (not all SMPSs have standby power
supplies). For your information, the standby circuit is always active when the Television is
plugged into an AC line source. This supply is needed to deliver a 5 volt supply and a reset 5
volt to the Microcontroller IC to keep the Microcontroller functioning all the time, even when
the Television is not operating (before you turn the Television .ON. using the remote control).
These 5 volts are also needed to power the memory circuit (EEPROM IC), and remote control
receiver circuitry.
Information
• • ASIN: B01D1NQHN6
• • The Amount of this whole Power supply Board is 60,000/= TZSH

CONCLUSION
After replacing this power supply we are sure the problem of this Receiver Television will be
solved completely maybe there will be any fault but not related with Power Supply.

References
AMAZON. (2020). AMAZON. Retrieved from Amazon.co.uk

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