Medi-Caps University Indore (M.P.

)
B.Tech. (I year)
Scheme (2021 Batch)
SEMESTER I
SNo. Course Code Courses L T P Credit

1 EN3BS11 Engineering Mathematics-I 3 0 0 3

2 EN3BS13 Engineering Physics 3 0 2 4

3 EN3ES17 Basic Electrical Engineering 3 0 2 4

4 EN3MC16 Environmental Science* 2 0 0 2

5 EN3ES19 Engineering Graphics 2 0 2 3

6 EN3ES21 Programming-I 0 0 4 2

7 EN3ES01 Basic Civil Engineering 3 0 2 4

Total 16 0 12 22

Total Contact Hours 28

* Non-gradial Courses

SEMESTER II
SNo. Course Code Courses L T P Credit

1 EN3BS12 Engineering Mathematics-II 3 0 0 3

2 EN3BS14 Engineering Chemistry 2 0 2 3

3 EN3ES18 Basic Mechanical Engineering 3 0 2 4

4 EN3ES22 Programming-II 0 0 4 2

5 EN3HS02 Communication Skills 2 0 2 3

6 EN3ES16 Basic Electronics Engineering 3 0 2 4

7 EN3ES20 Engineering Workshop - I 0 0 2 1

8 EN3HS01 History of Science and 2 0 0 2

Technology

Total 15 0 14 22

Total Contact Hours 29

 Course Code Course Name Hours per week Total

L T P Hours Credit

EN3BS11 Engineering Mathematics-I 3 0 0 3 3

Unit I: Matrices and Linear Systems

Rank and Nullity of a Matrix by reducing it into Echelon and Normal Forms, Solution of
Simultaneous equations by elementary transformation methods, Consistency and Inconsistency of
Equations, Eigen Values and Eigen Vectors.

Unit II: Differential Calculus

Introduction to limit continuity, differentiability, Rolle’s theorem, Mean value theorem, Taylors
and Maclaurin’s series expansions. Functions of Several variables, Partial differentiation, Euler’s
Theorem, Total Derivative, Maxima and Minima of function of two variables.

Unit III Integral Calculus

Definite Integral as a limit of sum and its application in summation of series, Beta and Gamma
functions (Definitions, Relation between Beta and Gamma functions without proof, Duplication
formula without proof). Multiple Integral (Double and Triple Integrals), Change the Order of
Integration, Applications of Multiple Integral in Area, Volume.

Unit IV: Ordinary Differential Equations

First order differential equations (Separable, Exact, Homogeneous, Linear), Linear differential
Equations of second and higher order with constant coefficients, Homogeneous linear differential
equations, Simultaneous linear differential equations.

Unit V Complex Variable

Basics of Complex number, Functions of complex variable: Analytic functions, Harmonic
Conjugate functions, Cauchy-Riemann Equations, Complex Line Integral, Cauchy’s Theorem,
Cauchy’s Integral Formula.
Textbooks:
1. B.S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.
2. H.K. Dass, Higher Engineering Mathematics, S. Chand & Company Pvt LTD., New Delhi

Reference Books:
1. B.V. Ramana, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Tata McGraw Hill Pub. Co. Ltd., New Delhi.
2. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley & Sons.
3. R.K. Jain and S.K. Iyengar, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Narosa Pub. House, New- Delhi.

Web Source:
1. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/111108066/
2. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/111104085/
3. https://swayam.gov.in/courses/public
4. http://nptel.ac.in/course.ph
Course Code Course Name Hours per week Total

L T P Hours Credits

EN3BS13 Engineering Physics 3 0 2 5 4

Unit-I: Laser and Fiber Optics

Lasers: Properties of lasers, Spontaneous and Stimulated emission of radiation, Einstein’s A &
B co-efficient, Population inversion, Components of Laser, Ruby Laser, He-Ne Laser,
Engineering applications of lasers. Fiber Optics: Fundamental idea about optical fiber,
propagation of light through optical fiber acceptance angle, numerical aperture, fractional
refractive index changes, V number, Classification of fiber, Engineering applications of fiber.

Unit-II Wave Optics

Interference: Fresnel’s biprism experiment, Newton’s ring experiment. Diffraction of light:
Fraunhofer diffraction for single slit, N-slits diffraction (grating), Missing orders and Rayleigh
criterion of Resolution. Polarization: General concept of Polarization, double refraction,
Engineering Applications of Polarization.

Unit-III Quantum mechanics

Limitations of Classical Mechanics, De-Broglie hypothesis for matter waves, Phase and group
velocity, wave packet, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, Compton scattering, wave function,
Schrodinger’s Time dependent and time independent wave equation, Particle in a box problem.

Unit-IV Solid State Physics

Crystal Physics: Unit cell, Crystal System, Types of Unit cell: Simple cubic, Face centered
cubic, Body centered cubic Crystal, Number of atoms per unit cell, Packing fraction in different
cubical lattices, Miller indices. Band theory of solids: Free Electron model, Band Model, Fermi
level for Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors, Hall effect. Superconductivity: Zero
resistance, persistent currents, superconducting transition temperature (Tc), Meissner effect,
Type-I and Type-II superconductors, Engineering applications of superconductivity.

Unit- V Oscillations and acoustics

Oscillations: Concept of Simple, Periodic & harmonic Oscillation with illustrations; Differential
equation of harmonic oscillator; Kinetic and potential energy of Harmonic Oscillator, compound
pendulum. Acoustics: Introduction, Reverberation, Sabine’s Formula, Eyring’s Formula,
Absorption Coefficient, Conditions for good acoustical design, Production and detection of
ultrasonic waves and their applications.

Textbooks:
1. A Text book of Optics, N. Subramanyam and Brij Lal, , S. Chand , New Delhi, 2010 .
 2. Engineering Physics, H. K. Malik and A. K. Singh, Tata McGraw Hill New Delhi, 2010
3. Engineering Physics, Gaur and Gupta, Dhanpat Rai Publications.
4. Concepts of Modern Physics A. Beiser, , Tata McGraw Hill New Delhi.

Reference Books:
1. An Introduction to Lasers- Theory andApplications. Dr. M N Avadhanulu,
Dr. R. S. Hemne S. Chand Publications.
2. Optics, A. Ghatak : 4th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi 2009. 3. An
Introduction to Fiber Optics, Ghatak and Thiagarajan, Cambridge University Press. 4.
Solid State Physics by Kittel, Wiley India
5. A Text book of Physics – N. Gupta & S.K. Tiwary, Dhanpat Rai & Co., Delhi

List of suggestive core experiments (Any 10 experiments from the list of 20)
Laser and Fiber Optics
1. To measure the beam divergence and beam waist of laser beam.
2. To measure the numerical aperture of an optical fiber by scanning method.
3. To find the thickness of thin wire using laser.
4. To study the working of laser using PhET simulation module.
5. To establish a fiber optic analog link and study of bending loss in optical fiber.

Wave Optics
6. To determine the radius of curvature of plano convex lens using Newton’s ring experiment.
7. To determine wavelength of spectral lines of mercury vapor lamp with the help of grating
and spectrometer.

8. To determine the specific optical rotation of sugar solution by biquartz polarimeter.

9. To determine the wavelength of given sodium vapor lamp using Fresnel’s Biprism.

Quantum Mechanics
10. Determination of Planck’s constant (h) using light emitting diode (LED) of various
colors. 11. To study black body Radiation by PhET Simulation.

Solid State Physics

12. To study the Hall Effect experiment and calculate the charge carrier concentration
(density) of given semiconductor diode.
13. To determine the energy band gap of semiconductor diode.
14. To study V-I characteristics of semiconductor diode and Zener diode.

Oscillations and Acoustics

15. To find the frequency of AC Mains using Melde’s method in longitudinal and transverse
arrangement.
16. To determine the value of acceleration due to gravity (g) using compound pendulum
17. To find the relation between frequency and length using Sonometer
 18. To determine the value of ultrasonic waves in a given liquid (Kerosene)
19. To determine the value of acceleration due to gravity (g) using compound pendulum.

General Physics
20. To verify the principle of conservation of momentum using air track set up.
21. To determine the Standard deviation of diameter of the wire using screw.
22. Mini Project (Compulsory)

Books:
1. Practical Engineering Physics, A.A. Koser, Nakoda Publishers and Printers India Ltd. 2.
Experiments in Engineering Physics, A A Dani, P M Pokley M N Avadhanulu, S.Chand
Publications (2003).

Web resources
1.https://www.vlab.co.in/broad-area-physical-sciences
2.https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/filter?subjects=physics&type=html&sort=alpha
& view=grid

Course Course Name Hours per week Total

Code L T P Hours Credits

EN3ES17 Basic Electrical Engineering 3 0 2 54

Unit-I: DC circuit analysis

Elements and characteristics of electric circuits, ideal and practical sources, independent and
dependent electrical sources, Ohm’s law, source transformation, Kirchhoff’s laws. Mesh analysis,
nodal analysis, voltage and current division rules, star-delta conversions, Thevenin’s and Norton’s
theorems.

Unit-II: AC Circuit Analysis

Generation of sinusoidal AC voltage, average and RMS values, concept of phasor, analysis of
series RL, RC and RLC circuits, power triangle, power factor, series resonance and Q factor.
Generation of three phase voltages, advantages of three phase systems, star and delta connections
(balanced only), relation between line and phase quantities.

Unit-III: Electrical Machines

Definition, working principle and construction of transformer, construction & working principle
of DC motor and three phase induction motor, single phase induction motor, application of
rotating machines.

Unit-IV: Industrial Electrical Engineering

Power supply: linear power supply, switch mode power supply (SMPS), block diagram of UPS.
Safety and protection: electric hazards and precautions, earthing, fuses, MCB, types of wires and
cables, components of domestic wiring, electricity metering and billing.

Unit-V: Electrical Energy Systems and Utilization

Power generation to distribution through overhead lines and underground cables with single line
diagram, block schematic representation of hydroelectric and thermal power plants. Advantages
of electrical heating, induction heating and its applications, dielectric heating and its
applications, welding transformer.

Textbooks:
1. V.N. Mittal & Mittle, Basic Electrical Engineering, Tata McGraw - Hill
2. D.P. Kothari and I. J, Nagrath, Basic Electrical Engineering, Tata McGraw - Hill. 3. C. L. Wadhwa,
Generation, Distribution and Utilization of Electrical Power, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
Reference Books:
1. Ashfaq Hussain, Electrical power systems, CBS, Publication
2. D. C. kulshreshtha, Basic Electrical Engineering, McGraw Hill Education.
3. Hemant Joshi, Residential, commercial and industrial electrical systems, Volume-1 (equipment and
selection), Tata McGraw – Hill
List of Experiments
1. To study various electric hazards and corresponding precautions.
2. To verify KCL and KVL.
3. To verify Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorem.
4. Determination of resistance, inductance, capacitance and power factor of R-L, R-C & R-L-C
series circuits.
5. To measure active power, reactive power & apparent power of a single-phase AC circuit.
6. To verify relation between line and phase quantities in a three-phase system. 7. To
determine ratio and polarity of single-phase transformer.
8. To study construction of DC machine and three-phase induction motor.
9. To find out fusing factor and plot characteristic of fuse.
10. Study of different components of domestic wiring.
11. Preparation of energy bill based on energy consumption of residence/
Institute. 12. To study welding transformer and its accessories.
Course Code Course Name Total Hours per week Total

L T P Hour Credits
s

EN3MC16 Environmental Science 2 0 0 2 2

Unit-I: Ecosystem and Biodiversity

Concept of Ecosystem, Food Chains, Food Webs, Energy flow in an ecosystem.
Biodiversity: Introduction, Types, Significance and Conservation.

Unit-II: Air Pollution

Causes, Effects and Control of Air Pollution, Greenhouse Effect - Climate changes and Global
warming, Ozone layer depletion, Acid Rain.
Case studies on recent cases of air pollution and management.

Unit-III: Water Pollution

Causes, Effects and Control of Water Pollution, DO, BOD and COD, Water sampling, Municipal
water treatment.

Unit-IV: Solid Waste Management

Introduction, Types of solid waste, Harmful effects of solid waste, Methods to manage and
modern techniques for solid waste management.

Unit-V: Disaster Management

Concept of Disaster, Types of Disaster, Pre-disaster risk and vulnerability reduction, Post disaster
recovery and rehabilitation.
Case studies on recent disasters and management.

Textbooks:
1. Preeti Jain, S.L.Garg, K.G.Garg, Energy, Environment, Ecology and Society, Variety Publication.
2. Surinder Deswal, Environmental Science, Dhanpat Rai & Co. publication.
3. R. Rajgopalan , Environmental Studies, Oxford IBH Publication.
4. Daniel D. Chiras, Environmental Science, Jones & Bartlett Ltd.

Reference Books:
1. G. M. Masters, Introduction to Environmental Science and Engineering, Pearson Education Pvt. Ltd.
2. A. K. De, Environmental Chemistry, New Age International,1996.
Course Code Course Name Total Hours per week Total

L T P Hours Credits

EN3ES19 Engineering Graphics 2 0 2 4 3

Unit -I
Drawing scales: Engineering scale, graphical scale, plain scale, diagonal scale, scale of chord.
Orthographic Projections: Reference planes, types of orthographic projections–First angle
projections, Third angle projections.

Unit-II
Projections of points: Including points in all four quadrants
Projections of lines: Line parallel to reference plane, perpendicular to reference plane, inclined to
one reference plane, inclined to both reference planes, traces of line.

Unit-III
Projections of Planes: Projections of Planes in different Positions, Auxiliary planes, Auxiliary
Vertical Plane (AVP), Auxiliary Inclined Plane (AIP)
Projection of Solids: Classification of solid. Projections in simple and complex positions of the
axis of the solid.

Unit-IV
Sections of Solids: Sectional views and true shape of the section.
Development of Surfaces: Methods of developments, development of various solids Isometric
Projections: Isometric view, Isometric scale to draw Isometric projection, non Isometric lines,
construction of isometric view from given orthographic views and to construct Isometric view
of a Pyramid, Cone, Sphere.\

Unit V
Computer Aided Drawing (CAD): Introduction to AutoCAD ,2D & 3D Basics, Modify &
Draw Commands Using AutoCAD, Points, Lines planes and Solids and their projections,

Textbooks:
1. N.D. Bhatt, Elementary Engineering Drawing, Chartor Publishing House.
2. D. N. Johle, Engineering Drawing, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Ltd.
3. P.S. Gill, Engineering Graphics, S.K. Kataria andSons.
4. Warren J. Luzzader, Fundamentals of Engineering Drawing, Prentice Hall of India,
New Delhi.
5. F. E. Giesecke, A. Mitchell & others, Principles of Engineering Graphics, Maxwell
McMillan Publishing.
6. K.C. John, Engineering Graphics for Degree, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.

Reference Books
1. Engineering Drawing- Basant Agarwal, TMH
2. D. M. Kulkarni, A. P. Rastogi, and A. K. Sarkar (2009), Engineering Graphics with
AutoCAD, PHI Learning Private Limited, New Delhi
3. Venugopal (2010), Engineering Drawing and Graphics, 2nd edition, New Age
Publications, New Delhi.
4. Trymbaka Murthy (2007), Computer Aided Engineering Drawing, I.K. International
Publishers, New Delhi.
5. R.B. Choudary (2005), Engineering graphics with Auto CAD, Anuradha Publishers, New
Delhi

List of Experiments
Preparation of drawing sheets containing the drawings for topics covered in theory.
Course Code Course Name Total Hours per week Total

L T P Hours Credits

EN3ES21 Programming-I 0 0 4 4 2
 Unit-I: Introduction to Computer and Problem-Solving Methodology Computer
System, Computing Environments, Software, Types of Software and Features of Software.
Design Tools (Algorithm, Flow-Chart, Pseudo-Code). Types and Generations of
Programming Languages. Compiler, Interpreter, Linker, Loader, Execution of Program.
Develop an Algorithm for Simple Problems.

Unit-II: Basics of Language

Character set, Identifier, Keywords, Constants, Data Types, Preprocessor Directives,
Variables and Declaration, White Space and Escape Sequence, Operators and Expressions,
Type Conversions, Operator Precedence and Associativity, Expression Evaluation, Input
and Output Functions. Computational Problems Solving Based on above Constructs.

Unit-III: Control Statements

Selection (If, Else), Conditional Operator, Iteration (For, While, Do-While), Branching
(Switch, Break, Continue, Goto), Nesting of Control Statements. Problem Solving Based on
Control Statements.

Unit-IV: Arrays and Strings

Defining an Array, One Dimensional Array, Two-Dimensional Array, Multi-Dimensional
Array. Basic Array Operations and Matrix Manipulation Operations (Addition, Subtraction,
and Multiplication). Problem Solving Based on Array.
Strings Definition, String Operations and String Functions. Problem Solving Based on
Strings.

Unit-V: Functions
Introduction, Functions Declaration, Definition, Calling, Return Statement, Parameter
Passing (By Value), Recursion, Library Functions. Problem Solving Based on Functions.

Textbooks:
1. Herbert Schildt, C: The complete Reference, Fourth Edition, Mc-GrawHill. 2.
R. Sethi, Programming Language Concepts and Constructs, Pearson Education. 3.
V. Rajaraman, Computer Programming in ‘C’, PHI.
4. M. Sprankle, Programming and Problem Solving, Pearson Education.
5. R.G. Dromey, How to solve it by Computer, Pearson Education.
6. E. Balguruswamy, Programming in ANSI C by, Tata Mc-GrawHill.
7. Yashavant Kanetkar, Let Us C, BPB.
8. E.Balagurusamy, Fundamentals of Computers, TMH.

Reference Books
1. Kernighan and Ritchie, The ‘C’ programming language, PHI
 2. Programming With C, Schaum Series.
3. A. N. Kamthane, Programming with ANSI and Turbo C, Pearson Education.

List of Experiments
A. Basics of language:
1. Write a program to print hello user on output screen.
2. Write a program to perform arithmetic operation on two numbers.
3. Write a program to find sum of individual digits of any three digits number. 4. Take
three numbers as command line arguments and display the sum of those numbers. 5. Use
different data types to take input by scanf and display their sizes.
6. Write a program to take three numbers and print their average up to two decimals.
B. Control Statements:
7. Write a program to check weather a number is even or odd
8. Write a program to reverse an integer.
9. Write a program to swap any two numbers using third variable and without using third variable.
10. Write a program to print the following pattern:
*
**
***
****
11. Write a program to print the following pattern:
**
** **
*** ***
********
12. Write a program to print grade of student on the basis of percentage:
i.If per greater than or equal to 75 ➔ A grade
ii.If per between 60-75 ➔ B grade
iii.If per between 50-60 ➔ C grade
iv.If per between 40-50 ➔ D grade
v.If per less than 40 ➔ Fail
13. Write a program for addition subtraction multiplication division using switch
case. 14. Write a program to check given number is Armstrong or not.
15. Write a program to check given number is power of two or not using bitwise
operation. 16. Write a program to check given year is leap year or not.
 17. Write a program to check given number is palindrome or not.
18. Write a program to check whether the given string is anagram or
not. 19. Write a program to print table of any number.
20. Write a program to calculate factorial of any number
21. Write a program to print series of alphabet.
22. Write a program to print Fibonacci series
23. Write a program to check given number is perfect or not
24. Write a program to check given number is prime or not.
25. Write a program to print number in word in between 1-5. Like (1 =one)
26. Write a program to check given char is vowel or consonant
27. Write a program to print name of month according to number.
28. Write a program for convertor
i. For currency convertor
ii. For temperature convertor
iii. For weight convertor
iv. For length convertor
v. For time convertor
vi. For energy convertor
29. Write a program to print series of number from 1-100 without using loop.
C. Arrays and strings:
30. Write a program to find maximum & minimum number from array.
31. Write a program to check how many numbers is prime & not prime in a
list 32. Write a program to check how many digits at each index of array
33. Write a program to check (search) given number is present or not present in list.
34. Write a program to arrange (sort) array elements in ascending or descending order
35. Write a program to print a 2*2 matrix.
36. Write a program to find sum of two matrix.
37. Write a program to find multiplication of two matrix.
D. Functions
38. Write a program of string functions.
39. Write a function to find sum of two numbers.
40.. Write a function to calculate factorial of any number.
41. Write a function for call by value to find sum of two numbers.
42. Write a function to pass an integer array as an argument and find sum of array
elements 43. Write a function to pass a char array as an argument and find length of string.
 44. Write a recursive function to calculate factorial of any number.
45.. Write a program to find the no of char no of word and no of lines from given text input.
Course Code Course Name Hours per week Total

L T P Hours Credits

EN3ES01 Basic Civil Engineering 3 0 2 54

Unit-I: Building Construction Material

Role of Civil Engineer in the construction of buildings, dams, expressways, and infrastructure
projects for 21st century. Importance of an inter- disciplinary approach in engineering Building
Materials: Bricks composition, classifications, properties and uses. Stone classification of rocks,
quarrying, and Dressing properties uses. Timber properties uses plywood. Cement: grades, types,
properties, uses. Steel: types, mild steel, medium steel, hard steel, properties, uses, market forms.
Concrete: grade designation, properties, uses.

Unit-II: Surveying and leveling

Surveying-classification, general principles of surveying–Basic terms and definitions of chain,
Chain survey, Compass survey and Leveling, Uses of surveying, Contours their characteristics
and uses.

Unit-III: Building Components

Site selection, General Classification and building components. Soils: types and bearing capacity
of soils, Foundation: functions and classifications. Flooring: requirements and selection types,
Roof - types and requirements.

Unit-IV Forces & Properties of Material

Forces and its components, Resolution and summation of forces, Lami’s Theorem, Stress, Strain
types, Hook’s law, Three moduli of elasticity, poisons ratio, relationship, factor of safety.

Unit-V: Shear force and Bending moment

Introduction of shear force and bending moment and their sign conventions, Types of loads,
Types of beams, Types of supports; Shear force and bending moment diagrams for simply
supported, overhang and cantilever beams subjected to any combination of point loads,
uniformly distributed load and point moment; Relationship between load, shear force and
bending moment.

Textbooks
1. S.C. Rangwala, Building materials, Charotar Publishing House, Pvt. Limited. 2.
S.Ramamrutham , Basic Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Dhanpat Rai. 3.
K.K.Dwivedi & K.K. Shukla, Basic Civil Engineering & Engineering Mechanics, Dhanpat
Rai & Co.2017(Revised).

Reference Books
1. I.K.V.B. Raju and P.T. Ravichandran, Basics of Civil Engineering, Ayyappa Publications,
 Chennai, 2012.
2. S.Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers, 2009.
3. M.S. Palanichamy, Basic Civil Engineering, Tata Mc Graw Hill
List of Experiments
1. To determine particle size distribution & fineness modulus of coarse and fine aggregates.
2. To determine standard consistency of cement paste. -

3. To determine initial and final setting times for cement by using Vicat's apparatus. 4. To
determine the workability of fresh concrete of given proportion by slump cone test. 5. To
determine the area of land by chain surveying.

6. To perform traverse surveying with prismatic compass check for local attraction and
determine corrected bearing and to balance the traversing by Bowditch'srule.

7. To perform levelling by height of Instrument method.

8. To perform levelling by rise and Fall method.

9. To perform Plane Table Surveying work by (A) Radiation method and (.B) Intersection
methods.

10. To measure horizontal and vertical angle sin the field by using Theodolite.
Course Code Course Name Total Hours per week Total

L T P Hours Credits

EN3BS12 Engineering 3 0 0 3 3
Mathematics-II

Unit I: Laplace Transform

Introduction of Laplace Transform, Laplace Transform of elementary functions, properties of
Laplace Transform, Inverse Laplace transform and its properties, Convolution theorem,
Applications of Laplace Transform to solve the Ordinary Differential Equation, Laplace
transform of Unit step function and Impulse function.

Unit II: Fourier Series and Fourier Transform

Introduction of Fourier series, Fourier series for Discontinuous functions, Fourier series for Even
and Odd function, Half range series, Fourier Transform, Sine and Cosine Transform.

Unit III: Partial Differential Equations

Definition, Formulation, Solution of Partial Differential Equations (By Direct Integration Method
and Lagrange’s Method), Non-Linear Partial Differential Equations of First order {Standard form
I, II, III & IV), Charpit’s method. Partial Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients
(Higher Orders Homogeneous), Method of Separation of Variables.
 Unit IV: Vector Calculus
Scalar and Vector fields, Vector Differentiation, Laplacian operator, Gradient, Divergence and
Curl, Line and surface integrals, Green’s theorem, Gauss Divergence theorem, Stoke’s theorem.

Unit V: Numerical Analysis

Errors and Approximations, Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations (Regula Falsi,
Newton-Raphson and Iterative methods), Solution of Simultaneous linear equations by Gauss
Elimination, Gauss Jordan, Jacobi’s and Gauss-Siedel Iterative methods.

Textbooks:
1. B.S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Edition-43, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.
2. H. K. Dass, Higher Engineering Mathematics,S. Chand & Company Pvt LTD., New Delhi

References:
1. B.V. Ramana, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company
Ltd., New Delhi.
2. Shanti Narayan, A textbook of Vector Calculus, S. Chand & Co., New Delhi. 3.
Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley & Sons 1999.

Web Source:
1. nptel.ac.in/courses/111103021/15
2. nptel.ac.in/courses/111105035/22
3. https://swayam.gov.in/courses/public
4. http://nptel.ac.in/course.php
Course Code Course Name Total Hours per week Total

L T P Hours Credits

EN3BS14 Engineering Chemistry 2 0 2 4 3

Unit-I: Lubricants
Introduction, Classification of lubricants, Mechanism of lubrication, Properties and
Testing of lubricating oils (Flash and Fire point, Cloud and Pour point, Viscosity and
Viscosity Index, Neutralization number, Saponification Number, Steam Emulsification
Number, Aniline Point, Iodine Value), Numerical problems based on testing methods.

Unit -II: Polymer

Introduction and Classification of polymer, Preparation, Properties and Uses of the

following- Polythene, PVC, Teflon, Nylon 66, Bakelite, Silicone resin, Natural and
Synthetic Rubber, Vulcanization of Rubber, Biopolymers, Biodegradable polymers.

Unit -III: New Engineering Materials

Introduction, Properties and Applications of - Superconductors, Optical Fiber, Fullerenes,
Graphene, Carbon nanotubes, Nanowires.

Unit -IV: Instrumental Techniques in Chemical Analysis

Spectroscopy, Electromagnetic spectrum, Beer & Lambert's Law and its limitations,
Principle, Instrumentation and Applications of- UV-Visible Spectroscopy, IR
Spectroscopy, Gas Chromatography.

Unit- V: Electrochemistry
Concept of Enthalpy, Entropy and Free energy, EMF, Applications of EMF
measurements, Corrosion- Definition, Types, Causes and Protection from corrosion.

Textbooks
1. Preeti Jain, Anjali Soni, Jeetendra Bhawsar, A text book of Engineering Chemistry, 1 st
edition, Manthan Publication, 2016.
2. Preeti Jain, S L Garg, Engineering Chemisty, 4 th edition, Variety Publication.Shashi
Chawla, Engineering Chemistry, 11th edition, Dhanpat Rai Publications.

Reference Books
1. P C Jain, Monika Jain, Engineering Chemistry, Dhanpat Rai Publications.
2. S. S. Dara, A Textbook of Engineering Chemistry, S. Chand & Company.
List of Experiments

Volumetric Analysis
1. To determine Hardness of given water sample by Complexometric titration. 2. To
determine total and mixed Alkalinity of given water sample using phenolphthalein
and methyl orange as indicator.
3. To determine strength of unknown FAS solution by Redox titration using N
Phenyl anthranilic acid as internal indicator.
4. To determine strength of unknown CuSO4 solution by Iodometric titration using
Starch as internal indicator.
5. 5To determine Chloride content of water sample by Mohr’s method
(Argentometric titration).

Fuel Testing:
1. To determine moisture content in given sample of coal by proximate analysis. 2.
To determine volatile content in given sample of coal by proximate analysis. 3. To
determine ash content in given sample of coal by proximate analysis. 4. . To
determine percentage carbon content of coal by proximate analysis

Lubricant Testing:

1. To determine penetration number of greases by Cone Penetrometer apparatus. 2.

To determine flash and fire point of given oil sample by Cleveland’s open cup
apparatus.
3. To determine flash point of given oil sample by Penskey Marten’s close cup
apparatus.
 4. To determine flash point of given oil sample by Abel’s Close cup apparatus.
5. To determine Steam emulsification number of given lubricants.
6. To determine Aniline point of given oil sample.
7. To determine Cloud and Pour point of given lubricating sample.
8. To study rate of change of viscosity with temperature of the given lubricating oil
by means of Redwood Viscometer no.1
9. To study rate of change of viscosity with temperature of the given lubricating oil
by means of Redwood Viscometer no.2.

Electrochemistry:
1. Variation of cell potential in Zn/Zn2+//Cu2+/Cu with change in concentration of
electrolytes (CuSO4 or ZnSO4) at room temperature.

Kinetics:
1. Effect of concentration and temperature on the rate of reaction between sodium
thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid.
Course Code Course Name Hours per Week Total

L T P Hours Credits

EN3ES18 Basic Mechanical 3 0 2 5 4

Engineering

Unit-I: Materials & Mechanical Measurement

Classification of Engineering material, Composition of cast iron and carbon steels on iron
carbon diagram and their mechanical properties, Alloy steel and their applications,
stress-strain diagram, Hooks law and modulus of elasticity. Tensile, shear, hardness, and
fatigue testing of materials. concept of measurement error measurement by Vernier caliper,
micrometer, dial gauges, slip gauges, sine-bar and combination set.

Unit-II: Thermodynamics
Thermodynamic properties and systems, First and second law of thermodynamics, steam
properties, thermal processes at constant pressure, volume, enthalpy & entropy, Refrigeration,
vapor absorption & compression cycles, COP, refrigerant properties & eco-friendly
refrigerants.

Unit-III: I.C. Engines

Description and working of four stroke petrol engines, two stroke petrol engines, four stroke
diesel engines and two stroke diesel engines, and its efficiency relative merits and demerits.

Unit-IV: Steam generators

Definition, Classification, general study of Cochran, Babcock Wilcox, Lancashire and
Locomotive boilers, boilers mountings and accessories, Draught Classification, Calculation of
Chimney height, boiler efficiency and numerical.
Unit V: Centroid & Moment of Inertia
Location of centroid and Moment of Inertia of plane areas, Perpendicular Axis and Parallel Axis
theorems.

Textbooks:
1. S.B. Mathur, S. Domkundwar, Elements of Mechanical Engineering, Dhanpat Rai&
Sons.
2. S.K. Hazra Chaudhry, Elements of Workshop Technology Vol. I, Asia Publishing
Co.Ltd.
3. M.L. Mathur, F.S. Mehta and R.P. Tiwari, Elements of Mechanical Engineering, Jain
Brothers, New Delhi.

Reference Books:
1. R. Yadav Thermodynamics, Central Publishing House
2. P.K. Nag, Engineering Thermodynamics, McGraw Hill.
3. R.K. Bansal, Engineering Mechanics, Laxmi publications.
List of Experiments
1. Measurements using Vernier caliper & micrometer.
2. Measurements using dial gauges and combination set.
3. Measurements using slip gauges & sine-bar.
4. Tensile Testing of standard mild steel specimen on UTM.
5. Study of 2-stroke petrol and diesel engine.
6. Study of 4-stroke petrol and diesel engine.
7. Study of different type of boilers.
8. Study of different type of boilers mounting & accessories.
9. To find the centroid of different plane laminas and to calculate their moment of
inertia about different axis.
10. To find mass moment of inertia of flywheel.
Course Code Course Name Hours per Week Total Total

L T P Hrs. Credit
s

EN3ES22 Programming-II 0 0 4 4 2

Unit-I: Pointers
Introduction to Pointers (Declaration and Initialization), Double Pointer, Pointers and Array,
Pointers and Functions, Operations on Pointers.

Unit-II: User Defined Data Types

Defining a Structure, Declaration of Structure Variables, Initialization of Structure Variables,
Accessing Structure Members, Storage of Structures in Memory Array within a Structure, Array
of Structure, Pointer Structure, Passing Structure to a Function, Structure within a Structure.
Define Union, Structure versus Union, Working with Union, Initializing Union, Enumerated Data
Type.

Unit-III: Pre-processor and Memory Allocation

Pre-processor Directives, Macro and Macro Expansions, File Inclusions, Conditional
Compilation, Stringification (#) and Token Passing Operator (##), Type Def, Command Line
Argument, Dynamic Memory Allocation. malloc(), calloc(), realloc(), free(), Core Dump,
Memory Leak, Dynamic 1D and 2D Arrays. Header Files and Their Creations.

Unit-IV: File Handling

File Concept, File Pointer and File Handling Operations Using files in C, Buffer and Streams,
Working with Text Files and Binary Files, File Operations using std. Library and System Calls,
File Management I/O Functions, Random Access Files.

Unit-V: Graphics Programming

C Header Files for handling graphics and initializing graphics mode, Understand Coordinate
system, Function to Draw Lines,Circle, Arc, Ellipse, pieslice, sector, Rectangle, Bar, 3-D Bars &
Polygon, Color Spraying: filling Ellipse, polygons and flooding the fills, Filling Styles and
Patterns, Understand Animation, Function to create Animation, Traffic Light and Moving Car
Simulation.

Textbooks:
1. Herbert Schildt, C: The complete Reference, Fourth Edition, Mc-Graw Hill. 2.
R. Sethi, Programming Language Concepts and Constructs, Pearson Education. 3.
V. Rajaraman, Computer Programming in ‘C’, PHI.
4. M. Sprankle, Programming and Problem Solving, Pearson Education.
5. R.G. Dromey, How to solve it by Computer, Pearson Education.
6. E. Balguruswamy, Programming in ANSI C by, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
7. Yashavant Kanetkar, Let Us C, BPB.
8. E. Balagurusamy, Fundamentals of Computers, TMH.
9. AL Stevens, C Database Development, MIS Press.
Reference Books
1. Kernighan and Ritchie, The ‘C’ programming language, PHI.
2. Programming With C, Schaum Series.
3. A. N. Kamthane, Programming with ANSI and Turbo C, Pearson Education.

List of Experiments
1. Program to create, initialize, assign and access a pointer variable.
2. Program to swap two numbers using pointers.
3. Program to change the value of constant integer using pointers.
4. Program to print a string using pointer.
5. Program to count vowels and consonants in a string using pointer.
6. Program to find sum of elements of array using pointer.
7. Program to swap two numbers using pointers.
8. Compare strings using pointer
9. Find smallest number in array using pointer.
10. Find largest element in array using pointer.
11. Find sum of all matrix elements using pointer.
12. Program to create a pointer array store elements in it and display.
13. Program to demonstrate function pointers.
14. Program to perform Addition Subtraction Multiplication Division using array of function
pointers.
15. Program to display details of student two (Name, roll no, marks) using
structure. 16. Program to display details of employee using array of structure.
17. Program to access member of structures using pointers.
18. Program for passing structure to a function.
19. Program for returning a structure from a function.
20. Program to display details of student two (Name, roll no, marks) with the help of
union. 21. Program to demonstrate the memory allocation in structure and union. 22.
Program to demonstrate malloc and calloc.
23. Program to allocate memory of array at run time.
24. Program to print the day of week.
25. Program to print month of a year.
26. Program to calculate area of circle using macro.
27. Program to calculate area of circle using macro function.
28. Program to create a header file and use it in a program.
29. Program to demonstrate file operation.
i. Creating a new file
ii. Opening an existing file
iii. Closing a file
iv. Reading from and writing information to a file
30. Program to count number of words, number of character and number of lines from a given
text file.
31 Program in C to delete a specific line from a file.
32 Write a program in C to append multiple lines at the end of a text file.
33. Write a program in C to copy a file in another name.
34. Write a program in C to merge two files and write it in a new file.
35. Write a program in C to encrypt a text file.
36. Write a program in C to decrypt a previously encrypted file.
37. Write a program in C to remove a file from the disk.
38. Write a program to draw a circle and fill blue color in it.
39. Write a program to draw a rectangle with diagonal and fill different colors in both halves.
40. Write a program to move a circle using suitable annimations.
41. Write a program to implement traffic signal.
42. Write a pogram to simulate a moving car. Draw car using simple shapes like line, circle and
polygon.
Course Code Course Name Hours per Week Total

L T P Hours Credits

EN3HS02 Communication Skill 2 0 2 43

Unit-I
Grammar and Vocabulary Development: Applied Grammar and usage, Parts of Speech, Articles,
Tenses, Subject-Verb Agreement, Prepositions, Active and Passive Voice, Clauses, modals,
Reported Speech: Direct and Indirect, Sentence Structure, Punctuations, common errors.

Unit-II
Using Dictionaries and Thesaurus, Synonyms, Antonyms, Homophones, One Word Substitution,
Affixation: Prefixes & Suffixes, Basic Grammar & Vocabulary Practice, Synonyms, Antonyms,
Analogies, Sentence Completion, Correctly Spelt Words, Idioms, Proverbs, and Derivation from
root words, Jargon, Scientific Jargon, Vocabulary Practice.

Unit-III
Developing Reading and Listening Skills: Reading Comprehension, Process, Active & Passive
Reading, Reading Speed Strategies, Benefits of effective reading, note-making, note - taking,
reading comprehension of technical material and SQ3R reading technique. Listening Skills:
Meaning, process hearing and listening, types, barriers, importance.

Unit-IV
Developing Writing Skills: Planning, Drafting & Editing, Writing with style, right-words
selection, writing effective sentences, developing logical paragraphs, art of condensation, précis,
essay, technical definition and technical description. Formal and Informal Letters: Letter to the
Editors, Municipal corporation, Bank Managers etc.

Unit-V
Speaking Skills Oral Presentation: Preparation, Delivery using Audio – Visual Aids with stress
on body language and voice modulations. (Topics to be selected by the instructor.) Phonetic
Symbols, Pronunciations.

Textbooks:
1. P.C. Wren and Martin, High School English Grammar & Composition, , S Chand and Co Pvt
Ltd.
2. P.C,Wren and N.D.V. Prasada Rao, High School English Grammar & Composition, S Chand
and Co Pvt Ltd.
3. S. Kumar and P. Lata, English for Effective Communication, Oxford UP, New Delhi. 4. A.J.
Thompson and A. V. Martinet, A Practical English Grammar, Oxford UP, New Delhi. 5. U. S. Rai
and S.M, Rai, Effective Communication, Himalaya Publishing House. 6. J.S. Korlahalli and R.
Pal, Essentials of Business Communication All Courses, Sultan Chand & Sons.
References Books
1. A.C. Gimson, An introduction to the Pronunciation of English, ELBS. 2. S.
Greenbaum, Thw Oxford English Grammer, Oxford University Press. 3. K.Mohan
and M. Raman, Effective English Communication, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
List of Experiments

1. Exercises on Grammar.
2. Exercises based on reading and comprehension which also includes taking notes during
presentation.
 3. Writing technical description, paragraphs and editing.
4. Listening Comprehension
5. Presentations on various issues.
6. Delivering speeches and exercising voice modulation transcription.
7. Performing extempore, role plays, JAM.
Course Code Course Name Hours per Week Total

L T P Hours Credits

EN3ES16 Basic Electronics Engineering 3 0 2 5 4

Unit 1 SEMICONDUCTOR DIODE

Semiconductor basics, PN Junction diode construction & working, Volt-amp characteristics,
Diode current equation, Half wave rectifier, Full wave rectifier: Bridge and center tapped
rectifier, Clipper and Clamper. Zener diode and zener diode-based voltage regulator, LED

Unit 2 BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTOR

Construction and working of transistor, characteristics of transistor, transistor as an amplifier and
switch, transistor configurations, transistor biasing and biasing methods, basic amplifier
configurations, Basic principle and working of FET and MOSFET

Unit 3 BASICS OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Block schematic of communication system, Simplex and duplex systems, Modes of
communication: Broadcast and point to point communication, Necessity of modulation,
Classification of modulation: Amplitude, phase, frequency modulation, sampling theorem and
pulse amplitude modulation.

Unit 4 DIGITAL SYSTEM

Number Systems – Decimal, Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal, 1‘s and 2‘s complements, Codes –
Binary, BCD, Excess 3, Gray, Boolean theorems, Minterms and Maxterms, Sum of products and
products of sums, Karnaugh map Minimization, Logic gates: NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, EX
OR and EX-NOR, half adder and full adder. Function and Structure of a Computer System, Von
Neumann Architecture, and modern computers.

Unit 5 ELECTRONICS MEASUREMENT

Introduction, Basics of Measurements, Ammeter, Voltmeter, multimeter, Signal Generators,
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope: Block diagram of CRO, Construction of CRT, Deflection sensitivity
and various controls, Measurement of voltage, current frequency and phase angle using CRO

Textbooks:
1. Millman and Halkias: Integrated electronics, TMH.
2. D Roy Choudhury, Digital Electronics, Vol-I & II, TMH Publication.
3. A.K.Sawhney, A Course in Electrical and Electronic Measurements and
Instrumentation, Dhanpat Rai.
4. Simon Haykins, Communication System, John Willy
 5. Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Structured Computer Organization, Upper Saddle River

References
1. Sedra and Smith: Microelectronics, Oxford Press.
2. Millman and Taub, Pulse, Digital and Switching Waveforms, MGM.
3. A.Anand Kumar: Digital Circuits, PHI.
4. Salivahanan: Electronic Circuits Analysis and Design, TMH
5. Boylestad and Nashelsky: Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, Pearson
Education.
6. B.P.Lathi, Modern Digital & Analog Communication System, TMH

List of Experiments
1. To verify V-I characteristic of semiconductor & Zener diode.
2. To verify input and output waveform of half wave rectifier.
3. To verify input and output waveform of full wave rectifier.
4. To verify Input and output characteristic of BJT in CB and CE configurations.
5. Implementation of basic logic gates using Universal gates (NAND, NOR). 6.
To verify half adder & full adder.
7. Study of computer system structure and main peripheral devices. 8. Study of
Frequency Division Multiplexing with sinusoidal inputs / audio inputs. 9. Study of
CRO and its demonstration kit.
10. Study of voltmeter and multimeter.
Course Code Course Name Total Hours per Total
week

L T P Hours Credits

EN3ES20 Engineering Workshop -I 0 0 2 2 1

Unit I
Carpentry Shop: Introduction to various carpentry tools and equipment’s like Cutting Tools-rip
saw, Tenon saw, firmer chisel, mortise chisel, iron jack plane, wooden jack plane, Tools-braces,
drill bits , Striking Tools-hammers, mallet etc., Holding Tools-bench vice, G-cramp ,
Miscellaneous Tools- rasps, files, screw driver, pincer etc., Timber : Type, Qualities of timber
disease, Timber grains, Structure of timber, Timber seasoning, Timber preservation .Wood
Working tools: joints & joinery. Wood sizing exercise in planning, marking, sawing, chiseling,
and grooving to make half lap joint and cross lap joint

Unit II
Fitting Shop: Study and use of Measuring instruments, Engineer steel rule, Surface gauges
calliper, Height gauges, feeler gauges, and micrometer. Different types of files, File cuts, File
grades, use of surface plate, Surface gauges drilling tapping Fitting operations: Chipping filling,
Drilling and tapping
Unit III
Foundry, Forging and Smithy: Pattern Making: Study of Pattern materials, pattern allowances
and types of patterns. Core box and core print. Use and care of tools used for making wooden
patterns.
Moulding: Properties of good mould& Core sand, Composition of Green, Dry and Loam sand.
Black Smithy Shop: Use of various smithy tools. Forging operations: Upsetting, drawing down,
Fullering Swaging and Cutting down, Methods used to prepare simple green and bench and pit
mould dry sand bench mould using single piece and split patterns

Unit IV
Welding: Study and use of tools used for Brazing, Soldering, Gas & Arc welding. Preparing Lap
& Butt joints using gas and arc welding methods, Study of TIG & MIG welding processes. Safety
precautions.

Unit V
Machine Shop: Study of machine tools in particular Lathe machine (different parts, different
operations, study of cutting tools). Demonstration of different operations on Lathe machine
Practice of Facing, Plane Turning, step turning, taper turning, knurling, and parting. Study of
Quick return mechanism of shaper. Demonstration of CNC Machines:

Textbooks:
1. B.S. Raghuwanshi, Workshop Technology Vol. I & II, Dhanpath Rai & Sons.
2. K.C. John, Mechanical Workshop Practice. 2nd Edn.PHI.
3. Hajra Choudhury, Hajra Choudhary and Nirjhar Roy, Elements of Workshop
Technology, vol. I Media promoters and Publishers Pvt.Ltd.
4. J.P. Kaushish., Manufacturing Processes, Prentice HallIndia.

Reference Books:
1. W. A.J. Chapman, Workshop Technology, 1998, Part -1, 1st South Asian Edition, Viva
Book Pvt. Ltd.
2. P.N. Rao, 2009, Manufacturing Technology, Vol.1, 3rd Ed., Tata McGraw Hill
Publishing Company
3. CNC programming – Dr. S.K. Sinha – Golgotia publication

List of Experiments

1. General: Studies of mechanical tools, components and their applications: • Tools:

Screw drivers, spanners, Allen keys, Cutting pliers etc. And accessories •
Components: Bearings, seals, O-rings, circlips, keys etc.
2. Carpentry: Any one model from the following:
• T-Lap joint
• Cross lap joint
• Dovetail joint
 • Mortise joint
3. Smithy:
• Demonstrating the forgeability of different materials (MS, Al, Alloy steel and Cast
steel) in cold and hot states.
• Observing the qualitative differences in the hardness of these materials
4. Foundry: Any one exercise from the following
• Bench moulding
• Floor moulding
• Core making
5. Sheet metal: Any one exercise from the following Making
• Cylindrical
• Conical
• Prismatic shaped jobs from sheet metal
6. Welding: Any one exercise from the following Making joints using Electric arc
welding. Bead formation in horizontal, vertical and overhead positions

7. Fitting and Assembly: Filing exercise and any one of the following exercises
Disassembling and reassembling of
• Cylinder piston assembly
• Tail stock assembly
• Timepiece/clock
• Bicycle or any machine.
8. Machines: Demonstration and applications of Drilling machine, Grinding machine,
Shaping machine, Milling machine and lathe.

9. CNC Machine:
CNC Programming Turning
• Straight turning (single cut & multi cut)
• Step turning (single & multi cut)
• Facing (single cut & multi cut)
• Grooving
CNC Programming Milling
• Drilling centering – CYCLE81
• Drilling counter boring / spot facing
• Deep-hole drilling CYCLE83
Course Course Name Hours per Week Total
Code
L T P Hrs. Credits

EN3HS0 History of Science and Technology 2 0 0 2 2

1

Unit-I Historical Perspective

Nature of science and technology, Roots of science and technology in India, Role of Science
 and Scientists in society, Science and Faith.

Unit-II Research and Development (R&D) in India

Science and Technology Education, Research activities and promotion of technology
development, Technology mission, Programs aimed at technological self-reliance, activities
of council of scientific and industrial research (CSIR).

Unit-III Policies and Plans after Independence

Nehru’s vision of science for independent India, Science and technology developments in the
new era, science and technology developments during the Five-Year Plan Periods and
science and technology policy resolutions.

Unit-IV Science and Technological Developments in Major Areas

Space – Objectives of space programs, Geostationary Satellite Services – INSAT system and
INSAT services remote sensing applications, Launch Vehicle Technology. Ocean
Development
– Objectives of ocean development, marine research. Biotechnology - Applications of
biotechnology in medicine, agriculture, food, and fuel. Energy – Research and development
in the field of nonconventional energy resources, India’s nuclear energy program.

Unit-V Nexus between Technologies

Transfer of Technology – Types, Methods, Mechanisms, Process, Channels and Techniques,
Appropriate technology, Technology assessment, Technological forecasting, Technological
innovations and barriers of technological change.

Textbooks
1. K. Rajaram, Science and Technology in India, Published and Distributed by Spectrum
Books (P) Ltd., New Delhi.
2. M. Srinivasan, Management of Science and Technology (Problems & Prospects),
East- West Press (P) Ltd., New Delhi.
3. G.R. Kohili, The Role and Impact of Science and Technology in the Development of
India, Surjeet Publications.
4. Government of India, Five Year Plans, Planning Commission, New Delhi. 5. K.D.
Sharma, and M.A. Qureshi, Science, Technology and Development, Sterling
Publications (P) Ltd., New Delhi.