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    Anatomy II - Prof Murali - 221129 - 210140

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    leena khalida

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    Anatomy II - Prof Murali - 221129 - 210140

    Uploaded by

    leena khalida
    17 views61 pages

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    Anatomy II - Prof Murali_221129_210140

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    17 views61 pages

    Anatomy II - Prof Murali - 221129 - 210140

    Uploaded by

    leena khalida

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 61

    Cranial Cavity and CNS

    Lecture outline

     Cranial Cavity
     Central Nervous System
    Figure 8.1 Major compartments of the head and neck.

    Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 6 September 2006 03:41 AM)


    © 2005 Elsevier
    Skull
    &
    vertebrae
    Skull – some basic facts

    Can be divided into 2 parts:


    a. Neurocranium(cranial vault): consist of 8 bones- 4
    singular bones (frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital) &
    2 sets of bilateral pairs (temporal and parietal)
    b. Viscerocranium (facial skeleton- develops from
    mesenchyme of embryonic pharyngeal arches): consist
    of 15 irregular bones (3 singular bones – mandible,
    ethmoid & vomer) and 6 pairs of bilateral bones
    (maxilla, inferior nasal concha; and zygomatic,
    palatine, nasal and lacrimal bones)
    (Bones of the ear (2 pairs) – maleus, incus, stapes)
    Skull - basics
    Figure 8.7 Skull. A. Bones. Skull. B. Sutures. C. Fontanelles.

    Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 6 September 2006 03:41 AM)


    © 2005 Elsevier
    Figure 8.7 Skull. A. Bones. Skull. B. Sutures. C. Fontanelles.

    Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 6 September 2006 03:41 AM)


    © 2005 Elsevier
    Anterior Cranial Fossa
    Middle Cranial Fossa
    Posterior Cranial Fossa
    Cervical Vertebrae

    Figure 8.8 Cervical vertebrae. A. Typical features. B. Atlas-vertebra CI (superior view). C. Axis-vertebra CII (superior view). D. Atlas and axis (anterolateral view). E.
    Atlanto-occipital joint (posterior view).

    Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 6 September 2006 03:41 AM)


    © 2005 Elsevier
    Bones of the orbit

    The following seven bones


    form the orbit:

     Sphenoid.
     Frontal.
     Zygomatic.
     Ethmoid.
     Lacrimal.
     Maxilla.
     Palatine.
    Bones of the orbit
    Medial view of the
    right orbit
    Anterior view – cross section
    Structures passing through...
    Extraocular muscles
    Extra-ocular muscles
    Innervation

    LR6SO4
    Lacrimal gland
    Central Nervous System
    Divisions of the nervous system

     Central Nervous System (CNS)


     Brain and Spinal Cord

     Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)


     Cranial (12 pairs) and spinal nerves (31 pairs)
     Consist of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)-
    (In voluntary)Sympathetic and Parasympathetic),
    and Somatic Nervous System (Voluntary)
    Covering of CNS
    Brain
    Gyrus

    Sulcus

    Fissure

    Ref: Google image


    Brain – lateral view

    Ref: Google image


    Brain-medial surface
    Brain- Lobes
    (Medial
    Surface)
    Visual cortex
    Thalamus & Hypothalamus
    Brainstem
    Brainstem Anatomy
    Cranial nerves

    Ref: Google image


    Cranial nerve
    nuclei
    Brainstem:
    Levels
    Cerebellar anatomy
    Spinal nerves
    Spinal cord
    Spinal cord and spinal nerves

    Ref: Google image


    Spinal cord -Main tracts
    Tracts & Functions
    References

    ….and many more….


    Recommended online reading and notes...
    Thank you

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