Model questions
SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION
Time Allowed : 2.5 Hours Full Marks : 60
Answer To Question No. 1 & 2 Is Compulsory & Answer Any 8 Question From The Rest
1. Choose the correct answer from the given alternatives: 1x10
i. What is the major cause of the failure of the circuit breaker - a. Trip circuit open b. Trip latch defective c. Spring defective d. All of
these.
ii. For a high speed circuit breaker what will the total clearing time - a. Few minutes. b. Few seconds. c. 1 to 2 cycles. d. 5 to 20
cycles.
iii. What is switchgear - a. An apparatus used for switching, controlling and protecting the electrical circuits and equipments. b. It
detects the faults only. c. It corrects the faults only. d. All of the above.
iv.Circuit breakers usually operate under - a. Steady short circuit current b. Sub transient state of short circuit current c. Transient state
of short circuit current d. None of these.
v. SF6 is which type of gas - a. Electro positive b. Electro negative c. Both (a) and (b) d. None of these.
vi.What is the purpose of back up protection - a. To increase the speed b. To increase the reach c. To leave no blind spot d. To guard
against failure of primary.
vii. What is the advantage of HRC fuses over Rewirable fuses - a. High speed operation b. High rupturing capacity c. No ageing effect.
d. All of the above.
viii. Which of the following circuit breakers is used for the railway electrification - a. Air blast circuit breaker b. SF6 circuit breaker
c. Bulk oil circuit breaker d. Minimum oil circuit breaker.
ix.What is the actuating quantity for the relays- a. Magnitude b. Frequency c. Phase angle d. All of these.
x. Which among these are the main characteristics of a fuse element- a. Low melting point b. High conductivity c. Least deterioration
due to oxidation d. All of the above.
2. Fill in the blank :
1x10
i. __________is used for protection against leakage current.
ii. The fuse element of HRC fuse is made of___________.
iii. MOCBS use oil for________only.
iv. Isolators used in power system are capable of breaking___________ current .
v. Tower footing resistance should be, Core balance leakage protection is used to provide protection
against__________faults.
vi. Field failure of an alternator connected to grid will result in the machine running as____________.
vii. Reactance relay has_________on R-X plane.
viii. The setting of an earth fault relay is usually__________than phase fault relay.
ix. Generally Over current Relay has current setting__________ % to __________%.
x. For use in 132 KV and above________ type of potential transformer is generally recommended.
xi. The CT and PT burdens are expressed in___________.
3. Explain different types of faults in power system and their causes of occurrence. What are the functions of current limiting reactors? 3+2
4. Explain the methodology of calculating short circuit KVA.What is distance protection? 3+2
5. What do you mean by directional and non-directional protection? What are the causes of over voltages? 2+3
6. A 3-phase alternator can supply a maximum load of 500 KVA at 6600V. The machine has an internal reactance of 6%. Find the reactance per phase
of the limiting reactor if the steady power on short circuit is not to exceed 5 times of the full load value apparent. 5
7. What are the properties of fuse elements? Draw and explain fuse characteristics. 2+3
8. Name different fusing materials. What are the limitations of fuse? 3+2
9. Explain different arc quenching methodologies. Compare among circuit breaker, fuse and relay. 2+3
10. Derive the torque equation of an Induction type relay. A relay is connected via 400/5 CT. The plug setting is125%. If a fault current of 20 KA is
passes through the line, calculate the value of relay pick up current and PSM? 5
11. Explain protection of transmission line against direct lightning stroke? 5
12. What do you mean by switchgear? What is residual current device? What are the functions and necessity of protection system? 1+1+3
