Data Analysis

DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATTION
4.1 Demographic Results

Figure 1
Table 1: Data for the Demographics

Frequency Percent
Valid Male 104 66.7
Female 52 33.3
Total 156 100.0
The majority of the percentage which is 66.7% of the participants in this research questionnaire
result are male, although on the other hand 33.3% of the participants are female.
Figure 2
Table 1.1: Data for the Age Group of the

Participants
Frequenc
y Percent
Vali 10-15 0 0
d 15-20 106 67.9
20-25 40 25.6
25-30 7 4.5
30 and
3 1.9
above
Total 156 100.0
The result shows that majority of the participants were in the age bracket of 20-25 as 67.9% of
the participants were in this age bracket. The 25.6% were in the age bracket of 15-20, mostly
teens. The minimum usage of the cigarettes is in the age bracket 25-25 and participants above 30
which is 4.5% and 1.9% respectively. The result also indicates that there has been no participant
in the age bracket of 10-15 out of all the responses.
Figure 3
Table 1.2: Have you ever smoked?

Frequency Percent
Valid Yes 88 56.4
No 58 37.2
Maybe 10 6.4
Total 156 100.0
Out of 156 participants, 88 participants agreed that they have smoked which is 56.4% of all the
responses, and 58 participants out of 156 clicked no for not smoking ever, which is 37.2% of the
total responses. The remaining 10 participants agreed to the maybe they have smoked which is
6.4% of the total responses.
Figure 4
Table 1.3: How many time participants
smokes in a single day?
Frequenc
y Percent
Vali Once a day 20 23
d Twice a day 12 13.8
More than twice a
55 63.2
day
Total 156 100.0
Further extending to the research findings, out of 156, majority of the participants that is 63.2%
and 55 participants, smokes more than twice a day. 13.8% of the total responses, that is 12
participants out of 156, smokes twice a day while 23%, that is 20 of the total responses smokes
only once a day. So we can briefly analyze that those who smoke, they smoke need to smoke
more than twice a day if not than it effects their physical activities in some ways. Like making it
hard to concentrate, or are unable to sleep.
Figure 5
Table 1.2: Any Other substances?

Frequency Percent
Valid Yes 61 39.1
No 90 57.7
Maybe 5 3.2
Total 156 100.0
Majority of the participants have not been using any other substances as the result shows 57.7%
disagreed to this question that is 90 participants out of 156 and 57.7%, that is 61 out of 156
participants, agreed they have used other substances. The remaining 3.2%, that is 5 out of 156
participants, agreed to maybe, which means they might or might not have used any other
substances apart from cigarettes.
Figure 6
In order to capture deep insights we asked which substance they use other than cigarettes if the
answered the above question with a yes. The result shows 66 participants responded to this
question out of 156 mentioning the names of other substances. The graph indicates the highest
used substance other than cigarettes is Vape with more than 16.7% rate, that 11 participants out
of 66 who uses other substances. Other than that they are more engaged in using Sheesha, Pod,
Weed, Hash and E-Cigarettes as well.
4.2 Reliability Test Results
Table 1.4: Reliability Statistics for

Personality Effects Variable
Cronbach's Alpha N of Items
.574 3
The Cronbach's alpha value for the personality effects variable is 0.574 with 3 items and the
result shows that the research findings in this area are not reliable as the Cronbach’s alpha value
is less than .7
Table 1.5: Reliability Statistics for Social Factor

Variable
.879 3
Whereas the value for social factor variable is 0.879 with 3 items and the result shows that the
research findings in this area are strongly reliable as the cronbach's alpha value is more than .7.
Table 1.6: Reliability Statistics for CHANGING MOOD
VARIABLE

.493 3
The Cronbach's alpha value for the changing mood variable is 0.493 with 3 items and the result
shows that the research findings in this area are not reliable as the cronbach's alpha value is less
than .7
4.3 Descriptive Analysis
Model Summary
Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate
1 .531a .282 .225 .80546
a. Predictors: (Constant), CM_M, SP_M, PF_M
The R square in the model indicates the percentage of change in dependent variable due to the
change in the independent variable. This shows 28.2% of variation on the overall health (mental
and physical) of the youth is determined by the change in personality, social factor and changing
mood of an individual.
ANOVAa
Sum of
Model Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 9.688 3 3.229 4.978 .005b
Residual 24.653 38 .649
Total 34.341 41
a. Dependent Variable: PE_M
b. Predictors: (Constant), CM_M, SP_M, PF_M
As it can been seen in the ANOVA Table, F (3, 38) = 4.978 and the significance level (p value)
is less than 0.05, we can conclude that the model is fit and statistically significant. The model
rejects the null hypothesis leaving only 0.5% probability of it being accepted and accepts the
alternative hypothesis
Coefficientsa
Unstandardized Standardized
Coefficients Coefficients
Std.
Model B Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) 1.826 .446 4.095 <.001
PF_M .472 .163 .521 2.892 .006

SP_M -.080 .136 -.104 -.591 .558
CM_M .063 .135 .091 .466 .644
a. Dependent Variable: PE_M
Personality Factor Variable (p < 0.05, t >1.96, 0.4720 units of increase):
The significance level of personality factor is 0.005, which is less than 0.05, we can conclude
that there is a significant effect of personally on the health (mental and physical) of the youth.
The model follows a two-tailed test the value of t must be above 1.96 in order for null hypothesis
to be rejected. Since the value of t is 2.892, which is greater than 1.96, the null hypothesis in
rejected. The table also shows that one unit of change in personality will result in 0.472 units of
increase in overall health of the youth
Social Factor Variable (p > 0.05, t <1.96, 0.080 units of deduction):
The significance level of social factor is 0.558, which is more than 0.05, we can conclude that
there is an insignificant effect of social factor on the health (mental and physical) of the youth.
The model follows a two-tailed test the value of t must be above 1.96 in order for null hypothesis
to be rejected. Since the value of t is -0.591, which is far lesser than 1.96, the null hypothesis is
not rejected and is accepted instead. The table also shows that one unit of change in social factor
will result in 0.080 units of deduction in overall health of the youth as there is a negative sign in
the value.
Changing Mood Factor (p > 0.05, t <1.96, .063 units of increase):
The significance level of changing mood is 0.644, which is more than 0.05, we can conclude that
there is an insignificant effect of changing mood on the health (mental and physical) of the
youth. The model follows a two-tailed test the value of t must be above 1.96 in order for null
hypothesis to be rejected. Since the value of t is 0.466, which is less than 1.96, the null
hypothesis is not rejected and is accepted instead. The table also shows that one unit of change in
changing mood will result in 0.063 units of increase in overall health of the youth as there is a
positive sign in this value that indicates the increase in units.

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DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATTION

4.1 Demographic Results

Table 1: Data for the Demographics

Table 1.1: Data for the Age Group of the

Table 1.2: Have you ever smoked?

Table 1.2: Any Other substances?

4.2 Reliability Test Results

Table 1.4: Reliability Statistics for

Table 1.5: Reliability Statistics for Social Factor

Cronbach's Alpha N of Items

4.3 Descriptive Analysis

a. Dependent Variable: PE_M

b. Predictors: (Constant), CM_M, SP_M, PF_M

PF_M .472 .163 .521 2.892 .006

Personality Factor Variable (p < 0.05, t >1.96, 0.4720 units of increase):

Social Factor Variable (p > 0.05, t <1.96, 0.080 units of deduction):

Changing Mood Factor (p > 0.05, t <1.96, .063 units of increase):

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