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Imp Unix Command

This document provides summaries of common Linux commands: 1. Directory navigation commands like cd, pwd allow changing and viewing the current working directory. The ls command lists directory contents. 2. The chmod command changes permissions for users and groups on files and directories. Options allow adding or removing specific permissions. 3. Commands like cp, mv, mkdir manage files and directories, copying, moving, and creating them. 4. Common commands display or manipulate file contents like cat, head, tail, more, less. Pipes | and redirects > are used to connect multiple commands.

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47 views4 pages

Imp Unix Command

This document provides summaries of common Linux commands: 1. Directory navigation commands like cd, pwd allow changing and viewing the current working directory. The ls command lists directory contents. 2. The chmod command changes permissions for users and groups on files and directories. Options allow adding or removing specific permissions. 3. Commands like cp, mv, mkdir manage files and directories, copying, moving, and creating them. 4. Common commands display or manipulate file contents like cat, head, tail, more, less. Pipes | and redirects > are used to connect multiple commands.

Uploaded by

Anonymous VASS3z0wTH
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. cd :-
changing the directory
cd . -> present directory
cd .. or cd ../ -> go one directory backward
cd --> go to root directory
if you have space in directory name you can use 'folder name' within single quote
or else you can use \ b/w two names
ex New folder
cd 'New folder'
cd New\ folder
2. pwd:-
present working directory

3. ls:-
list the current directory contents both directory and files

options:-
-a -> list all the contents,do not ignore entries starting with .
-l -> long listing format
-t -> sort by modification time, newest first
-r -> reverse sort
-h -> display the size in human readable format
4. man:-
open the manual page for the command
example:- man ls

5. chmod:- ( change mode bits)


change the permission of (i) primary user (ii) group user (iii) others
types:-
1.chmod 3 numbers
2.chmod user based updates

option - R

ex:-
chmod 741 file/dirname
primary_user -> rwx
group_user ->r--
others ->--x

chmod u+r -> gives read permission for user


chmod u=rw -> gives read write permission as designate permission
for user and remove pervious permission
chmod u-rw -> removes read and write permission for user

6. sleep:- it pauses the execution of command for given time duration

7. date:- machine current date and time will be displayed

8. cp:-
files ->
copy file/dir from source to destination
cp <dir_path>/source_file_name <dir_path>/destination_dir_name

directory ->
cp -r <dir_path>/source_dir_name <dir_path>/destination_dir_name

option ->
-r -> recursive
-f -> force full

9. mv ( cut and paste)


a. move source file/dir to destination

files ->
mv <dir_path>/source_file_name <dir_path>/destination_dir_name

directory ->
mv <dir_path>/source_dir_name <dir_path>/destination_dir_name

b. rename:-
renmane existing file/dir to new name

syntax ->
mv <dir_path> old_file_name/old_dir_name <dir_path>
new_file_name
here both source and destination dir_path should be the
same
10. mkdir:-
make/create directory
synatax
mkdir <dir_path> dir_name
option:-
-p parent directory
ex:-
mkdir -p dir1/dir2/dir/3
creates dir1 within dir2 creates dir2...
11. touch:-
create new file
touch filenmae.ext

ex:-
touch .memory.v
.-> creates hidden files

12. rm:- (delete)


a. files:-
rm file_name.ext
b. directory
rm -r dir_name
rmdir dir_name

13. alias:-
giving short notation for very log path

alias shortnotation="longcommand"

14. text display commands:-

cat -> display entire file content in to the terminal


head
tail
more
less
15. $path:-
it contains directory path which my shell looks for when ever we
execute exe file

echo $path:-
display the directory path of $path

how to update $path

PATH="$PATH:<dir_path>" --> bourne shell


set PATH ($PATH/cygdrive/d) ---> tcsh shell

16. gives the current shell type

17. pipe( |) to merge two more commands


command1 | command2 | command3

18. redirecting >:- output of command if we wnat to store in file we use


redirecting command

command > file_name.ext

19. pushd popd:-


push the directory path in stack (LIFO)
syntax:- pushd .
syntax:- popd

20. ps1:-
how to interact teminal with user we use ps1
\u
\w
\W
\d
\t
\#
\n
\s
\h

21. to open file we have to use appl name


vi
gvim
emacs

22. which:-
to check any appl is installed in linux we use which command

23. find:-
locates given file name or directory

find . -name "file_name/dir" -type f/d

24. grep:-
search a given pattern in given file
options:-

-i
-v
-o
-w
-l
for more details refer to manual

synatx:-

grep [options] filename

25. sed:-
stream editor
text editor
replace.. delete..addd

sed [option] 'sed commands' filename

26. xarg:-

xargs takes output of previous command gives it as input to


next command
27. awk
it is used for database management

28. ping:-
check the network strength with connected server

29. passwd:-

change user desktop password

30. history:-
display all the command previously used it has some limitation of
500

31. ps:-
report the process information that are currently running in linux

32. Suspend the process


Kill PID

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