1MRK506200-BEN en Protect IT Line Distance Protection For Impedance Earthed Systems REL 511-C2 2.5

3URWHFW,7 /LQHGLVWDQFH 5(/&

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HDUWKHGV\VWHPV 1MRK 506 200-BEN
Page 1
Revision: –
Issued: October 2003
Data subject to change without notice
)HDWXUHV • Pre-configured protection terminal for cost- • Three-pole tripping and automatic reclos-
effective engineering and commissioning ing
• Compact half 19" case size • Synchro- and energizing check
• Full scheme phase-to-phase and phase-to- • Disturbance and event recording functions
earth distance protection with:
• Fault locator
- general fault criterion (impedance and/
• Versatile local human-machine interface
or current based) with phase preference
(LED-HMI)
logic
• Extensive self-supervision with internal
- five zones
event recorder
• Non-directional and directional phase over-
• Time synchronization with 1 ms resolution
current protection
• Four independent groups of complete set-
• Sensitive directional residual overcurrent
ting parameters
protection
• Powerful software PC ‘tool-box’ for moni-
toring, evalution and user configuration
)XQFWLRQV • Line distance - Time delayed undervoltage protection

(TUV)
- General fault criteria, impedance and
current based, with phase preference - Time delayed overvoltge protection
logic (GFCppl-zi) (TOV)
- Distance protection (ZM) • Secondary system supervision
- Power swing detection (PSD) - Fuse failure supervision, negative
sequence (FUSEns)
- Scheme communication logic (ZCOM)
• Control
- Current reversal and weak end infeed
logic (ZCAL) - Synchro-check and energizing-check,
single circuit breaker (SYN1)
- Automatic switch onto fault logic (SOTF)
- Autorecloser - 3-phase, single circuit
- Local acceleration logic (ZCLC)
breaker (AR1-3)
• Current
• Logic
- Two step time delayed non-directional
phase overcurrent protection (TOC2) - Three pole tripping logic (TR01-3)
- Two step time delayed directional phase • Monitoring

overcurrent protection (TOC3) - Disturbance recorder (DR)
- Sensitive directional residual overcur- - Event recorder (ER)
rent protection (WEF1)
- Fault locator (FLOC)
• Voltage
- Supervision of AC input quantities (DA)
3URWHFW,7/LQHGLVWDQFHSURWHFWLRQIRU 5(/&
LPSHGDQFHHDUWKHGV\VWHPV 1MRK 506 200-BEN
Page 2
$SSOLFDWLRQ The main purpose of the REL 511-C2 termi- used for applications with or without a com-
nal is the protection, control and monitoring munications channel(s) installed, as well as
of overhead lines and cables in impedance for applications which must provide remote
earthed interconnected networks. The termi- backup protection, and for applications which
nal is intended for three-pole tripping applica- require directional phase fault protection.
tions, and is suitable for the protection of
heavily loaded lines and multi-circuit lines. It The REL 511-C2 terminal may be used as the
may be used for applications where the possi- main protection terminal in single main pro-
bility of weak-end infeed conditions exist, as tection system applications, or as the second
well as for applications which may experi- main protection terminal in dual main protec-
ence power swing conditions. It may also be tion system applications.
'HVLJQ Type tested software and hardware that com- A fully functional terminal comprising a
ply with international standards and ABB´s compact hardware, pre-selected protection,
internal design rules together with extensive control and monitoring functions that were
self monitoring functionality, ensure high carefully chosen, configured and tested to
reliability of the complete terminal meet a broad range of application require-
ments. This ready to connect and commission
The terminal’s closed and partly welded steel feature makes this product a cost effective
case makes it possible to fulfill the stringent solution for both new installations and the
EMC requirements. refurbishment of existing installations.
Serial data communication is via optical con-

nections or galvanic RS485.
3ODWIRUP $SSOLFDWLRQ kits are available for rack, flush, semiflush or

The platform hardware and common software wall mounting.
functions are included in all REx 5xx termi-
nals. It is the foundation on which all termi- All connections are made on the rear of the
nals are built. Application specific modules case. Screw compression type terminal
and functions are added to create a specific blocks are used for electrical connections.
terminal type or family. Serial communication connections are made
by optical fibre connectors type Hewlett
Packard (HFBR) for plastic fibres or bayonet
'HVLJQ type ST for glass fibres.
The REx 5xx platform consists of a case,
hardware modules and a set of common func- A set of hardware modules are always
tions. included in a terminal. Application specific
modules are added to create a specific termi-
The closed and partly welded steel case nal type or family.
makes it possible to fulfill stringent EMC
requirements. Three different sizes of the The common functions provide a terminal
case are available to fulfill the space require- with basic functionality such as self supervi-
ments of different terminals. The degree of sion, I/O-system configurator, real time clock
protection is IP 40 according to IEC 529 for and other functions to support the protection
cases with the widths 1/2x19” and 3/4x19”. and control system of a terminal.
IP 54 can be obtained for the front area in
flush and semiflush applications. Mounting
Page 3
&RPPRQ 'HVFULSWLRQ )RXUSDUDPHWHUVHWWLQJJURXSV

IXQFWLRQV Common functions are the software functions *53
always included in the terminals.
$SSOLFDWLRQ
6HOIVXSHUYLVLRQZLWKLQWHUQDO Use the four sets of settings to optimize the
terminals operation for different system con-
HYHQWUHFRUGHU,17 ditions. By creating and switching between
fine tuned setting sets, either from the human-
$SSOLFDWLRQ
machine interface or configurable binary
Use the local HMI, SMS or SCS to view the
inputs, results in a highly adaptable terminal
status of the self-supervision function. The that can cope with a variety of system scenar-
self-supervision operates continuously and
ios.
includes:
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
• Normal micro-processor watchdog func- The GRP function block has four functional
tion inputs, each corresponding to one of the set-
• Checking of digitized measuring signals ting groups stored within the terminal. Acti-
• Checksum verification of PROM contents vation of any of these inputs changes the
and all types of signal communication active setting group. Four functional output
signals are available for configuration pur-
poses, so that continuous information on
5HDOWLPHFORFNZLWKH[WHUQDO active setting group is available.
WLPHV\QFKURQL]DWLRQ7,0(
$SSOLFDWLRQ &RQILJXUDEOHORJLFEORFNV
Use the time synchronization source selector &/
to select a common source of absolute time
for the terminal when it is a part of a protec- $SSOLFDWLRQ
tion system. This makes comparison of The user can with the available logic function
events and disturbance data between all ter- blocks build logic functions and configure the
minals in a SA system possible. terminal to meet application specific require-
ments.
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
Two main alternatives of external time syn- Different protection, control, and monitoring
chronization are available. Either the syn- functions within the REx 5xx terminals are
chronization message is applied via any of quite independent as far as their configuration
the communication ports of the terminal as a in the terminal is concerned. The user can not
telegram message including date and time, or change the basic algorithms for different
as a minute pulse, connected to a binary functions. But these functions combined with
input. The minute pulse is used to fine tune the logic function blocks can be used to cre-
already existing time in the terminals. ate application specific functionality.
The REx 5xx terminal has its own internal ,QYHUWIXQFWLRQEORFN,19
clock with date, hour, minute, second and The inverter function block INV has one
millisecond. It has a resolution of 1 ms. input and one output, where the output is in
inverse ratio to the input.
The clock has a built-in calendar that handles
leap years through 2098. Any change 25IXQFWLRQEORFN25
between summer and winter time must be The OR function is used to form general
handled manually or through external time combinatory expressions with boolean vari-
synchronization. The clock is powered by a ables. The OR function block has six inputs
capacitor, to bridge interruptions in power and two outputs. One of the outputs is
supply without malfunction. inverted.
The internal clock is used for time-tagging $1'IXQFWLRQEORFN$1'

disturbances, events in Substation monitoring The AND function is used to form general
system (SMS) and Substation control system combinatory expressions with boolean vari-
(SCS), and internal events. ables.The AND function block has four
inputs and two outputs. One of the inputs and
one of the outputs are inverted.
Page 4
7LPHUIXQFWLRQEORFN70 (YHQWIXQFWLRQ(9
The function block TM timer has drop-out
and pick-up delayed outputs related to the $SSOLFDWLRQ
input signal. The timer has a settable time When using a Substation Automation system,
delay (parameter T). events can be spontaneously sent or polled
from the terminal to the station level. These
7LPHUORQJIXFWLRQEORFN7/ events are created from any available signal
The function block TL timer with extended in the terminal that is connected to the event
maximum time delay at pick-up and at drop- function block. The event function block can
out, is identical with the TM timer. The dif- also handle double indication, that is nor-
ference is the longer time delay. mally used to indicate positions of high-volt-
age apparatuses. With this event function
3XOVHWLPHUIXQFWLRQEORFN73 block, data also can be sent to other terminals
The pulse function can be used, for example, over the interbay bus.
for pulse extensions or limiting of operation
of outputs. The pulse timer TP has a settable )XQFWLRQDOLW\
length. As basic, 12 event function blocks EV01-
EV12 running with a fast cyclicity, are avail-
([WHQGHGOHQJWKSXOVHIXQFWLRQEORFN74 able in REx 5xx. When the function Appara-
The function block TQ pulse timer with tus control is used in the terminal, additional
extended maximum pulse length, is identical 32 event function blocks EV13-EV44, run-
with the TP pulse timer. The difference is the ning with a slower cyclicity, are available.
longer pulse length.
Each event function block has 16 connecta-
([FOXVLYH25IXQFWLRQEORFN;25
bles corresponding to 16 inputs INPUT1 to
The exclusive OR function XOR is used to INPUT16. Every input can be given a name
generate combinatory expressions with bool-
with up to 19 characters from the CAP 540
ean variables. The function block XOR has
configuration tool.
two inputs and two outputs. One of the out-
puts is inverted. The output signal is 1 if the
The inputs can be used as individual events or
input signals are different and 0 if they are
can be defined as double indication events.
equal.
The inputs can be set individually, from the
6HWUHVHWIXQFWLRQEORFN65
The Set-Reset (SR) function is a flip-flop that Parameter Setting Tool (PST) under the
can set or reset an output from two inputs Mask-Event function, to create an event at
pick-up, drop-out or at both pick-up and
respectively. Each SR function block has two
drop-out of the signal.
outputs, where one is inverted.
6HWUHVHWZLWKPHPRU\IXQFWLRQEORFN60 The event function blocks EV01-EV06 have

The Set-Reset function SM is a flip-flop with inputs for information numbers and function
memory that can set or reset an output from type, which are used to define the events
two inputs respectively. Each SM function according to the communication standard IEC
block has two outputs, where one is inverted. 60870-5-103.
The memory setting controls if the flip-flop
after a power interruption will return the state 6XSHUYLVLRQRI$&LQSXW
it had before or if it will be reset. TXDQWLWLHV'$
&RQWUROODEOHJDWHIXQFWLRQEORFN*7 $SSOLFDWLRQ
The GT function block is used for controlling Use the AC monitoring function to provide
if a signal should be able to pass from the three phase or single phase values of voltage
input to the output or not depending on a set- and current. At three phase measurement, the
ting. values of apparent power, active power, reac-
tive power, frequency and the RMS voltage
6HWWDEOHWLPHUIXQFWLRQEORFN76
and current for each phase are calculated.
The function block TS timer has outputs for Also the average values of currents and volt-
delayed input signal at drop-out and at pick-
ages are calculated.
up. The timer has a settable time delay. It also
has an Operation setting On, Off that controls
the operation of the timer.
Page 5
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ )XQFWLRQDOLW\
Alarm limits can be set and used as triggers, Activating the setting restriction prevents
e.g. to generate trip signals. unauthorized personell to purposely or by
mistake change terminal settings or configu-
The software functions to support presenta- ration from the local HMI.
tion of measured values are always present in
the terminal. In order to retrieve actual val- The function permits remote changes of set-
ues, however, the terminal must be equipped tings and reconfiguration through the serial
with the appropriate hardware measuring communication ports.
module(s), i.e. Transformer Input Module
(TRM). All other functions of the local human-
machine communication remain intact. This
means that an operator can read disturbance
,2V\VWHPFRQILJXUDWRU,23 reports, setting values, the configuration of
different logic circuits and other available
$SSOLFDWLRQ
information.
The I/O system configurator must be used in
order for the terminal’s software to recognize
added modules and to create internal address %ORFNLQJRIVLJQDOVGXULQJWHVW
mappings between modules and protections %67
and other functions.
$SSOLFDWLRQ
6HWWLQJUHVWULFWLRQRI+0, The protection and control terminals have a
complex configuration with many included
65+ functions. To make the testing procedure eas-
ier, the terminals include the feature to indi-
$SSOLFDWLRQ
vidually block a single, several or all
Use the setting restriction function to prevent
functions.
unauthorized setting changes and to control
when setting changes are allowed. Unpermit-
This means that it is possible to see when a
ted or uncoordinated changes by unautho-
function is activated or trips. It also enables
rized personnel may influence the security of
people and cause severe damage to primary the user to follow the operation of several
related functions to check correct functional-
and secondary power circuits.
ity and to check parts of the configuration etc.
By adding a key switch connected to a binary
input a simple setting change control circuit The Release Local for line differential func-
tion is only possible to operate if the terminal
can be built simply allowing only authorized
has been set in test mode from the HMI.
keyholders to make setting changes from the
built-in HMI.
/LQHGLVWDQFH *HQHUDOIDXOWFULWHULDLPSHG elements for low load impedances, yet at the

DQFHDQGFXUUHQWEDVHG*)& same time allow coverage of higher fault
resistances with remote infeed of fault cur-
$SSOLFDWLRQ rent. This makes the GFC function especially
The GFC general fault criteria function is an suited to cases where the fault resistance to be
independent measuring function. It comprises detected exceeds the minimum expected load
both impedance and current-based measure- impedance.
ment criteria. These can be used separately or
at the same time. Its main purpose is to serve The independent measurement of impedance
as an overall fault detection and phase selec- for each fault loop secures reliable phase
tion element in all kinds of networks. It is not selection and correct operation for complex
used as a start condition because the distance network faults such as simultaneous faults on
protection zones utilize full scheme measure- parallel circuits, evolving faults, etc. Indepen-
ment. dent reactive reach settings for phase-to-
phase and phase-to-ground measurement
For the impedance measurement, the shape of secure high selectivity in networks with dif-
the operating characteristic can be set to pre- ferent protective relays used for short-circuit
vent operation of the impedance measuring and earth-fault protection.
Page 6
A possible addition to the GFC function is the loop occurs when the measured impedance
optional phase preference logic. Its main pur- within that loop is within the set boundaries
pose is to provide a selective tripping func- of the characteristic.
tion for cross-country faults in isolated or
high impedance-grounded networks. For the current-based phase selection, all
three phase currents and the residual current
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ are measured continuously, and compared to
For the impedance-based phase selection, all set values. Assessment of the type of fault is
six fault loops are measured separately and based on the relationship of the measured cur-
continuously. The reaches are independently rents to the set thresholds.
settable in the forward and reverse directions,
and for phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground The GFC starting condition (STCND) output
faults. The resistive reaches are also indepen- will activate the selected loop of the distance
dently settable for phase-to-phase and phase- protection measuring zone(s) to which it is
to-ground faults. Preventing impedance ele- connected.
ment operation due to low load impedances,
but at the same time enabling the GFC func- The phase preference logic inhibits tripping
tion to be as sensitive as possible to faults for single-phase-to-ground faults in isolated
with high fault resistances, is achieved by the and high impedance-grounded networks. It
inclusion of a facility that allows the resistive does this by blocking forward and reverse
reach to be limited within the load impedance operation until two earth-faults are detected
area only. to be within the non-directional characteris-
tic. For such cross-country faults, the logic
Checks based on the level of residual current initiates tripping of the preferred fault based
determine which loops, i.e. phase-to-ground on the selected phase preference. A number
or phase-to-phase, are evaluated. Selection of of different phase preference combinations
the faulted phase(s) is determined by which are available for selection.
of the selected loops operate. Operation of a
jX
XFW
ZONE 3
ZONE 2
ZONE 1
LA RLoad RF R
XRV
99000189.vsd
ZONE 4
Figure 1: Operating characteristics of the GFC (impedance measuring principle) and zone measuring ele-
ments
Page 7
Figure 1 presents principally a shaped operate measuring loops as well as in three indepen-
characteristic for an impedance based GFC dent phase-to-earth measuring loops.
function. Different designations have the fol-
lowing meaning: Phase-to-phase distance protection is suitable
as a basic protection function against two-
• XFW: reactive reach in forward direction and three-phase faults in all kinds of net-
• XRV: reactive reach in reverse direction works, regardless of the treatment of the neu-
tral point. Independent setting of the reach in
• RF: resistive reach within the unlimited
the reactive and the resistive direction for
area
each zone separately, makes it possible to cre-
• RLoad: resistive reach restricted by the ate fast and selective short circuit protection
minimum load impedance in power systems.
• LA: expected load impedance angle
Phase-to-earth distance protection serves as
basic earth fault protection in networks with
'LVWDQFHSURWHFWLRQ=0 directly or low impedance earthed networks.
Together with an independent phase prefer-
$SSOLFDWLRQ
ence logic, it also serves as selective protec-
The ZM distance protection function provides
tion function at cross-country faults in
fast and reliable protection for overhead lines isolated or resonantly earthed networks.
and power cables in all kinds of power net-
works. For each independent distance protec-
Independent reactive reach setting for phase-
tion zone, full scheme design provides to-phase and for phase-to-earth measurement
continuous measurement of impedance sepa-
secures high selectivity in networks with dif-
rately in three independent phase-to-phase
ferent protective relays used for short-circuit
and earth-fault protection.
jX
Xph-e
Xph-ph
Zline
Rph-ph Rph-e
R
98000062.vmf
Where:
Xph-e = reactive reach for ph-e faults
Xph-ph = reactive reach for ph-ph faults
Rph-e = resistive reach for ph-e faults
Rph-ph = resistive reach for ph-ph faults
Zline = line impedance
Figure 2: Schematic presentation of the operating characteristic for one distance protection zone in forward
direction
Page 8
The distance protection zones can operate,

independently of each other, in directional
Rl jXl
(forward or reverse) or non-directional mode.
This makes it suitable, together with different
communication schemes, for the protection of i(t)
power lines and cables in complex network
configurations, such as double-circuit, paral-
lel lines, multiterminal lines, etc. Zone one, u(t) Rf
two and three can issue phase selective sig-
nals, such as start and trip.
The additional distance protection zones four

and five have the same basic functionality as 98000063.vmf
zone one to three, but lack the possibility of
issuing phase selective output signals.
Where:
Distance protection zone five has shorter Rl = line resistance
operating time than other zones, but also Rf = fault resistance
higher transient overreach. It should gener-
ally be used as a check zone together with the Xl = line reactance
SOTF switch onto fault function or as a time ω = 2πf
delayed zone with time delay set longer than f = frequency
100ms.
Figure 3: Schematic presentation of impedance
Basic distance protection function is gener- measuring principle.
ally suitable for use in non-compensated net-
works. Settings of all line parameters, such as posi-
tive sequence resistance and reactance as well
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ as zero-sequence resistance and reactance,
Separate digital signal processors calculate together with expected fault resistance for
the impedance as seen for different measuring phase-to-phase and phase-to-earth faults, are
loops in different distance protection zones. independent for each zone. The operating
The results are updated each millisecond, characteristic is thus automatically adjusted
separately for all measuring loops and each to the line characteristic angle, if the simpli-
distance protection zone. Measurement of the fied operating characteristic has not been
impedance for each loop follows the differen- especially requested. The earth-return com-
tial equation, which considers complete line pensation factor for the earth-fault measure-
replica impedance, as presented schemati- ment is calculated automatically by the
cally in figure 3. terminal itself.
Voltage polarization for directional measure-

Xl ∆i ( t ) ment uses continuous calculation and updat-
u ( t ) = ( R l + Rf ) ⋅ i ( t ) + ----- ⋅ ----------- ing of the positive sequence voltage for each
ω ∆t
measuring loop separately. This secures cor-
rect directionality of the protection at differ-
ent evolving faults within the complex
network configurations. A memory retaining
the pre-fault positive-sequence voltage
secures reliable directional operation at close-
up three-phase faults.
The distance protection function blocks are

independent of each other for each zone.
Each function block comprises a number of
different functional inputs and outputs, which
are freely configurable to different external
functions, logic gates, timers and binary
inputs and outputs. This makes it possible to
influence the operation of the complete mea-
Page 9
suring zone or only its tripping function by the impedance area between the outer and the
the operation of fuse-failure function, power inner characteristics. Power swings are iden-
swing detection function, etc. tified by transition times longer than timer
settings. The impedance measuring principle
is the same as that used for the distance pro-
3RZHUVZLQJGHWHFWLRQ36' tection zones. The impedance and the tran-
sient impedance time are measured in all
$SSOLFDWLRQ
three phases separately. One-out-of-three or
Power swings in the system arise due to big
two-out-of-three operating modes can be
changes in load, or changes in power system
configuration due to faults and their clear- selected permanently or adaptively according
to the specific system operating conditions.
ance. Distance protection detects these power
swings as variations with time of the mea-
sured impedance along a locus in the imped- The PSD function detects power swings with
a swing period as low as 200 ms (i.e. with a
ance plane. This locus can enter the operate
slip frequency as high as 10% of the rated fre-
characteristic of the distance protection and
cause its unwanted operation if no preventive quency on a 50 Hz basis). It detects swings
under normal system operating conditions, as
measures are taken. The main purpose of the
well as during the dead time of a single-pole
PSD power swing detection function is to
detect power swings in power networks and automatic reclosing cycle. Different timers
are used for initial and consecutive swings,
to provide the blocking signal to the distance
securing a high degree of differentiation
function to prevent its unwanted operation.
between power swing and fault conditions.
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
The PSD function comprises an inner and an It is possible to inhibit the power swing
outer quadrilateral measurement characteris- detected output on detection of earth fault
tic. Its principle of operation is based on the current. This can be used to release the opera-
measurement of the time it takes a power tion of the distance protection function for
swing transient impedance to pass through earth faults during power swing conditions.
jX
.; ⋅ ; 1,1
; 1,1
Impedance locus at power swing

− .5 ⋅ 51,1 51,1
− 51,1
R
.5 ⋅ 51,1
tP1
− ; 1,1
− .; ⋅ ; 1,1
99000159.vsd
Figure 4: Operating principle and characteristic of the PSD function

Page 10
6FKHPHFRPPXQLFDWLRQORJLF operation of the distance protection on the

=&20 healthy line when permissive overreach
schemes are used. The main purpose of the
$SSOLFDWLRQ ZCAL current reversal logic is to prevent
It is not possible to set a underreaching dis- such unwanted operations for this phenome-
tance protection zone to cover the full length non.
of the line, and at the same time not to over-
reach for faults beyond the protected line. To If the infeed of fault current at the local end
avoid overreaching, underreaching distance for faults on the protected line is too low to
protection zones must always reach short of operate the measuring elements, no trip out-
the remote end of the line by some safety put will be issued at the local end and no tele-
margin of 15-20%. The main purpose of the protection signal will be sent to the remote
ZCOM scheme communication logic is to end. This can lead to time delayed tripping at
supplement the distance protection function the remote strong infeed end. The main pur-
such that fast clearance of faults is also pose of the ZCAL weak end infeed logic is to
achieved at the line end for which the faults enhance the operation of permissive commu-
are on the part of the line not covered by its nication schemes and to avoid sequential trip-
underreaching zone. To accomplish this, one ping when, for a fault on the line, the initial
communication channel, capable of transmit- infeed of fault current from one end is too
ting an on/off signal, is required in each weak to operate the measuring elements.
direction.
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ The ZCAL function block provides the cur-
The ZCOM function is a logical function rent reversal and weak end infeed logic func-
built-up from logical elements. It is a supple- tions that supplement the standard scheme
mentary function to the distance protection, communication logic, or the phase segregated
requiring for its operation inputs from the dis- scheme communication logic.
tance protection and the teleprotection equip-
ment. On detection of a current reversal, the current
reversal logic provides an output to block the
The type of communication-aided scheme to sending of the teleprotection signal to the
be used can be selected by way of the set- remote end, and to block the permissive trip-
tings. The ability to select which distance ping at the local end. This blocking condition
protection zone is assigned to which input of is maintained long enough to ensure that no
the ZCOM logic makes this logic able to sup- unwanted operation will occur as a result of
port practically any scheme communication the current reversal.
requirements regardless of their basic operat-
ing principle. The outputs to initiate tripping On verification of a weak end infeed condi-
and sending of the teleprotection signal are tion, the weak end infeed logic provides an
given in accordance with the type of commu- output for sending the received teleprotection
nication-aided scheme selected and the dis- signal back to the remote sending end, and
tance protection zone(s) which have operated. other output(s) for tripping. For terminals
equipped for single-, two-, and three-pole
When power line carrier communication tripping, outputs for the faulted phase(s) are
channels are used, unblocking logic is pro- provided. Undervoltage detectors are used to
vided which uses the loss of guard signal. select the faulted phase (s).
This logic compensates for the lack of
dependability due to the transmission of the $XWRPDWLFVZLWFKRQWRIDXOW
command signal over the faulted line. ORJLF627)
&XUUHQWUHYHUVDODQGZHDNHQG $SSOLFDWLRQ
LQIHHGORJLF=&$/ The main purpose of the SOTF switch-on-to-
fault function is to provide high-speed trip-
$SSOLFDWLRQ ping when energizing a power line on to a
In interconnected systems, for parallel line short-circuit fault on the line.
applications, the direction of flow of the fault
current on the healthy line can change when Automatic initiating of the SOTF function
the circuit breakers on the faulty line open to using dead line detection can only be used
clear the fault. This can lead to unwanted when the potential transformer is situated on
Page 11
the line-side of the circuit breaker. Initiation reset. The protection function(s) released for
using dead line detection is highly recom- tripping during the activated time can be
mended for busbar configurations where freely selected from the functions included
more than one circuit breaker at one line end within the terminal. Pickup of any one of the
can energize the protected line. selected protection functions during the
enabled condition will result in an immediate
Generally, directional or non-directional trip output from the SOTF function.
overreaching distance protection zones are
used as the protection functions to be released
for direct tripping during the activated time.
/RFDODFFHOHUDWLRQORJLF=&/&
When line-side potential transformers are
$SSOLFDWLRQ
used, the use of non-directional distance
The main purpose of the ZCLC local acceler-
zones secures switch-on-to-fault tripping for ation logic is to achieve fast fault clearance
fault situations there directional information
for faults anywhere on the whole line for
can not be established, for example, due to
those applications where no communication
lack of polarizing voltage. Use of non-direc- channel is available.
tional distance zones also gives fast fault
clearance when energizing a bus from the line )XQFWLRQDOLW\
with a short-circuit fault on the bus. The ZCLC function is a complementary func-
tion to the distance protection function.
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
The SOTF function is a logical function built-
The local acceleration logic can be enabled
up from logical elements. It is a complemen-
for operation in two ways. The first way uses
tary function to the distance protection func- an ‘automatic recloser ready’ signal, either
tion.
from the internal recloser, or an external
recloser. The second way uses loss of load
It is enabled for operation either by the close detection. When enabled by either method,
command to the circuit breaker, by a nor-
the local acceleration logic will produce an
mally closed auxiliary contact of the circuit
immediate output on pickup of the function
breaker, or automatically by the dead line selected to the method of acceleration
detection. Once enabled, this remains active
enabled.
until one second after the enabling signal has
&XUUHQW 7ZRVWHSWLPHGHOD\HGQRQ disturbances and dc components and mini-

GLUHFWLRQDOSKDVHRYHUFXUUHQW mizes the transient overreach. If the current in
SURWHFWLRQ72& any of the three phases is above the set value
I>Low, the start signal for the low current
$SSOLFDWLRQ stage is activated. With setting Characteristic
The two current/time stages of overcurrent = Def, the timer tLow is activated and the trip
protection TOC2 improve the possibility to signal TRLS is activated after set time. If
get fast operation for nearby faults by using a inverse time delay is selected, the timer tMin-
high set current stage with short time delay. Inv starts when the current is above the set
The low current stage is set with appropriate value I>Low. If the current also is above the
time delay to get selectivity with the adjacent set value I>Inv, the inverse time evaluation
relays in the system. In networks with inverse starts. When both time circuits operate, the
time delayed relays, selectivity is generally definite time circuit tLow is activated and the
best obtained by using the same type of trip signal TRLS is activated after the addi-
inverse time characteristic for all overcurrent tional time tLow. If the current is above the
relays. set value I>High, the timer tHigh is activated
and the trip signal TRHS is activated after set
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ time.
The current measuring element continuously
measures the current in all phases and com- The input signal BLOCK blocks all func-
pares it to the set operate value for the two tions. Each current stage can also be individu-
current stages. A filter ensures immunity to ally blocked.
Page 12
7ZRVWHSWLPHGHOD\HGGLUHF (RCA) and operate angle are settable in wide

WLRQDOSKDVHRYHUFXUUHQW ranges.
SURWHFWLRQ72& The input signal BLOCK blocks all func-
tions. Trip from each current stage can also be
$SSOLFDWLRQ
individually blocked.
The two current/time stages of the TOC3
overcurrent protection, both with optional
directional (Forward release or Reverse 6HQVLWLYHGLUHFWLRQDOUHVLGXDO
block) or non-directional function, improve RYHUFXUUHQWSURWHFWLRQ:()
the possibility to obtain selective function of
the overcurrent protection relative other $SSOLFDWLRQ
relays even in meshed networks. It must be In isolated networks or in networks with high
realized, however, that the setting of a phase impedance earthing, the phase to earth fault
overcurrent protection system in a meshed current is significantly smaller than the short
network can be very complicated and a large circuit currents. In addition to this, the magni-
number of fault current calculations are tude of the fault current is almost independent
needed. In some cases, it is not possible to on the fault location in the network.
obtain selectivity even when using directional
overcurrent protection. In such cases it is sug- The protection uses the residual current com-
gested to use line differential protection or ponent 3I0 cosϕ, where ϕ is the angle
distance protection function. between the residual current and the reference
voltage, compensated with a characteristic
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ angle. The characteristic angle is chosen to -
The current measuring element continuously 90° in an isolated system. The characteristic
measures the current in all three phases and angle is chosen to 0° in compensated systems.
compares it to the set operate value for the
two current stages. A filter ensures immunity )XQFWLRQDOLW\
to disturbances and dc components and mini- The function measures the residual current
mizes the transient overreach. If the current in and voltage. The angle between the residual
any of the three phases is above the set value voltage and residual current (angle between
I>Low, the start signal for the low current 3I0 and -3U0 i.e U0 is 180 degrees adjusted)
stage is activated. With setting Characteristic is calculated. This angle is used in two func-
= Def, the timer tLow is activated and the trip tions namely first to determine if the fault is
signal TRLS is activated after set time. If in forward or reverse direction, and secondly
inverse time delay is selected, the timer tMin- to calculate the residual current component in
Inv starts when the current is above the set the characteristic angle direction.
value I>Low. If the current also is above the
set value I>Inv, the inverse time evaluation The residual current component in the charac-
starts. When both time circuits operate, the teristic angle direction is compared with the
definite time circuit tLow is activated and the set operating value. If this current component
trip signal TRLS is activated after set time. is larger than the setting this is one criterion
for function of the protection. The residual
If the current is above the set value I>High, voltage is compared to a set operating value.
the timer tHigh is activated and the trip signal If the measured voltage is larger than the set-
TRHS is activated after set time.The low and ting this is another criterion for the operation
the high set current stages can individually be of the protection. If both the criteria are ful-
set directional or non-directional. Directional filled and the set time delay has elapsed, the
information is calculated from positive function will give a trip signal.
sequence polarization voltages and the phase
currents. The polarization voltage contains Due to the demands on accuracy and sensitiv-
memory voltage to ensure directional func- ity for this function, special current input
tion at close-in three-phase faults. The direc- transformers must be used.
tional element relay characteristic angle
Page 13
9ROWDJH 7LPHGHOD\HGXQGHUYROWDJH ment and its insulation against overvoltage by

SURWHFWLRQ789 measuring three phase voltages. In this way, it
prevents the damage to the exposed primary
$SSOLFDWLRQ and secondary equipment in the power sys-
The time delayed undervoltage protection tems.
function, TUV, is applicable in all situations,
where reliable detection of low phase volt- )XQFWLRQDOLW\
ages is necessary. The function can also be The phase overvoltage protection function
used as a supervision and fault detection continuously measures the three phase volt-
function for some other protection functions, ages and initiates the corresponding output
to increase the security of a complete protec- signals if the measured phase voltages exceed
tion system. the preset value (starting) and remain high
longer than the time delay setting on the tim-
ers (trip). This function also detects the
7LPHGHOD\HGRYHUYROWDJH phases which caused the operation.
SURWHFWLRQ729
$SSOLFDWLRQ
The time delayed phase overvoltage protec-
tion is used to protect the electrical equip-
3RZHUV\VWHP 'HDGOLQHGHWHFWLRQ'/' voltages of a protected power line. The line is

VXSHUYLVLRQ declared as dead (not energized) if all three
$SSOLFDWLRQ measured currents and voltages fall below the
The main purpose of the dead line detection preset values for more than 200 ms.
is to provide different protection, control and
monitoring functions with the status of the If Switch onto fault logic (SOTF) and/or Fuse
line, i.e whether or not it is connected to the failure (FUSE) are selected, Dead line detec-
rest of the power system. tion (DLD) is automatically included in the
terminal.
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
The dead line detection function continuously
measures all three phase currents and phase
6HFRQGDU\ )XVHIDLOXUHVXSHUYLVLRQ)86( ously measures the negative sequence voltage

V\VWHP and current in all three phases. It operates if
$SSOLFDWLRQ the measured negative sequence voltage
VXSHUYLVLRQ The fuse failure supervision function, FUSE, increases over the preset operating value, and
continuously supervises the ac voltage cir- if the measured negative sequence current
cuits between the voltage instrument trans- remains below the preset operating value.
formers and the terminal. Different output
signals can be used to block, in case of faults Three output signals are available. The first
in the ac voltage secondary circuits, the oper- depends directly on the voltage and current
ation of the distance protection and other measurement. The second depends on the
voltage-dependent functions, such as the syn- operation of the dead line detection function,
chro-check function, undervoltage protection, to prevent unwanted operation of the distance
etc. protection if the line has been deenergised
and energised under fuse failure conditions.
Different measurement principles are avail- The third depends on the loss of all three
able for the fuse failure supervision function. measured voltages. A special function input
serves the connection to the auxiliary contact
The FUSE function based on the negative of a miniature circuit breaker, MCB (if used),
sequence measurement principle is recom- to secure correct operation of the function on
mended in isolated or high impedance earthed simultaneous interruption of all three mea-
systems. sured phase voltages also when the additional
delta current and delta voltage algorithm is
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ not present in the function block.
The FUSE function based on the negative
sequence measurement principle continu-
Page 14
&RQWURO 6\QFKURFKHFNDQG output is only given when the actual mea-

HQHUJL]LQJFKHFN6<1 sured conditions match the set conditions.
$SSOLFDWLRQ 6LQJOHEUHDNHU
The main purpose of the synchrocheck func- For single circuit breaker arrangements, the
tion is to provide controlled closing of circuit SYN function blocks have the capability to
breakers in interconnected networks. make the necessary voltage selection. For sin-
gle circuit breaker arrangements, selection of
The main purpose of the energizing check the correct voltage is made using auxiliary
function is to facilitate the controlled recon- contacts of the bus disconnection.
nection of a disconnected line or bus to,
respectively, an energized bus or line. $XWRUHFORVHU$5
To meet the different application arrange- $SSOLFDWLRQ
ments, a number of identical SYN function The majority of power line faults are transient
blocks may be provided within a single termi- in nature, i.e. they do not recur when the line
nal. The number of these function blocks that is re-energized following disconnection. The
may be included within any given terminal main purpose of the AR automatic reclosing
depends on the type of terminal. Therefore, function is to automatically return power
the specific circuit breaker arrangements that lines to service following their disconnection
can be catered for, or the number of bays of a for fault conditions.
specific arrangement that can be catered for,
depends on the type of terminal. )XQFWLRQDOLW\
The AR function is a logical function built up
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ from logical elements. It operates in conjunc-
The synchrocheck function measures the con- tion with the trip output signals from the line
ditions across the circuit breaker and com- protection functions, the OK to close output
pares them to set limits. The output is only signals from the synchrocheck and energizing
given when all measured conditions are check function, and binary input signals. The
simultaneously within their set limits. binary input signals can be for circuit breaker
position/status or from other external protec-
The energizing check function measures the tion functions.
bus and line voltages and compares them to
both high and low threshold detectors. The
/RJLF 7ULSSLQJORJLF75 )XQFWLRQDOLW\

The minimum duration of a trip output signal
$SSOLFDWLRQ from the TR function is settable.
The main purpose of the TR trip logic func-
tion is to serve as a single node through The TR function has a single input through
which all tripping for the entire terminal is which all trip output signals from the protec-
routed. tion functions within the terminal, or from
external protection functions via one or more
To meet the different single, double, 1 and 1/2 of the terminal’s binary inputs, are routed. It
or other multiple circuit breaker arrange- has a single trip output for connection to one
ments, one or more identical TR function or more of the terminal’s binary outputs, as
blocks may be provided within a single termi- well as to other functions within the terminal
nal. The actual number of these TR function requiring this signal.
blocks that may be included within any given
terminal depends on the type of terminal.
Therefore, the specific circuit breaker
+LJKVSHHGELQDU\RXWSXW
arrangements that can be catered for, or the ORJLF+6%2
number of bays of a specific arrangement that
can be catered for, depends on the type of ter- $SSOLFDWLRQ
minal. The time taken for signals to be transferred
from binary inputs to protection functions,
and from protection functions to binary out-
puts contributes to the overall tripping time.
The main purpose of the HSBO high speed
Page 15
binary output logic is to minimize overall and from inputs to the regular trip logic and
tripping times by establishing the critical con- scheme communication logic. The HSBO
nections to/from the binary outputs/inputs in scheme communication logic runs in parallel
a more direct way than with the regular I/O with the regular scheme communication
connections. logic.
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ The ‘fast’ connections to and from the HSBO

The outputs from the HSBO logic utilize logic comprise so called hard connections in
‘fast’ connections to initiate binary outputs. software. This configuration is made inter-
The inputs to the HSBO logic utilize the same nally and cannot be altered. The only excep-
‘fast’ connections. Input connections to the tions are the connections to the binary outputs
logic are derived from binary inputs, from where limited configuration is possible, and
outputs of the high speed distance protection, required, on the part of the user.
0RQLWRULQJ 'LVWXUEDQFHUHSRUW'53 ,QGLFDWLRQV

$SSOLFDWLRQ $SSOLFDWLRQ
Use the disturbance report to provide the net- Use the indications list to view the state of
work operator with proper information about binary signals during the fault. All binary
disturbances in the primary network. The input signals to the disturbance report func-
function comprises several subfunctions tion are listed.
enabling different types of users to access rel-
evant information in a structured way. )XQFWLRQDOLW\
The indications list tracks zero-to-one
Select appropriate binary signals to trigger changes of binary signals during the fault
the red HMI LED to indicate trips or other period of the collection window. This means
important alerts. that constant logic zero, constant logic one or
state changes from logic one to logic zero
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ will not be visible in the indications list. Sig-
The disturbance report collects data from nals are not time tagged. In order to be listed
each subsystem for up to ten disturbances. in the indications list the:
The data is stored in nonvolatile memory,
used as a cyclic buffer, always storing the lat- 1. signal must be connected to the DRP
est occurring disturbances. Data is collected function blocks, (DRP1, DRP2, DRP3).
during an adjustable time frame, the collec- 2. setting parameter, IndicationMask, for the
tion window. This window allows for data input must be set to Show.
collection before, during and after the fault.
Output signals of other function blocks of the
The collection is started by a trigger. Any configuration will be listed by the signal
binary input signal or function block output name listed in the corresponding signal list.
signal can be used as a trigger. The analog Binary input signals are listed by the name
signals can also be set to trigger the data col- defined in the configuration.
lection. Both over levels and under levels are
available. The trigger is common for all sub- The indications can be viewed on the local
systems, hence it activates them all simulta- HMI and via SMS.
neously.
A triggered report cycle is indicated by the 'LVWXUEDQFHUHFRUGHU'5

yellow HMI LED, which will be lit. Binary
signals may also be used to activate the red $SSOLFDWLRQ
HMI LED for additional alerting of fault con- Use the disturbance recorder to record analog
ditions. A disturbance report summary can be and binary signals during fault conditions in
viewed on the local HMI. order to analyze disturbances. The analysis
may include fault severity, fault duration and
protection performance. Replay the recorded
data in a test set to verify protection perfor-
mance.
Page 16
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ lists the changes in status in chronological

The disturbance recorder records both analog order. Each list can contain up to 150 time
and binary signal information and up to ten tagged events that can come from both inter-
disturbances can be recorded. nal logic signals and binary input channels
and up to ten disturbances can be recorded.
Analog and digital signals can be used as trig- Events are recorded during the total recording
gers. A trigger signal does not need to be time which depends on the set recording
recorded. times and the actual fault time.
A trigger is generated when the analog signal Events can be viewed via SMS and SCS.
moves under and/or over set limit values. The
trig level is compared to the signal’s average
peak-to-peak value, making the function )DXOWORFDWRU)/2&
insensible to DC offset. The trig condition
$SSOLFDWLRQ
must occur during at least one full period, that
is, 20 ms for a 50 Hz network. An accurate fault locator is an essential com-
plement to the line protection. The fault loca-
tor provides distance to fault together with
The recorder continuously records data in a
cyclic buffer capable of storing the amount of information about the measuring loop that has
been used in the calculation.
data generated during the set pre-fault time of
the collection window. When triggered, the
pre-fault data is saved and the data for the Reliable information on fault location reduces
the outage time and minimises the need for
fault and post-fault parts of the collection
patrolling.
window is recorded.
The function has limitations for applications
The RAM area for temporary storage of
with series compensated lines.
recorded data is divided into subareas, one for
each recording. The size of a subarea depends
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
on the set recording times. There is sufficient
The fault locator can be started by any inter-
memory for four consecutive recordings with nal or external binary signal. Pre-fault and
a maximum number of analog channels
fault phasors of currents and voltages, that
recorded and with maximum time settings.
were filtered from disturbance data stored
Should no subarea be free at a new distur- into digital sample buffers, are then used for
bance, the oldest recording is overwritten.
the distance to fault calculation. The phase
selective signals from the built-in protection
When a recording is completed, the post
functions provide the necessary information
recording process: for the selection of the loop to be used for the
calculation. It is also possible to use the exter-
• merges the data for analog channels with
nal phase selection information.
corresponding data for binary signals
stored in an event buffer
For the distance to fault calculation, a line
• compresses the data without loosing any modelling algorithm that takes into account
data accuracy the sources at both ends of the line, is used. In
• stores the compressed data in a non-vola- this way, the influence of the load current, the
tile memory infeed from the remote end and the fault
resistance, can be compensated for, resulting
The disturbance recordings can be viewed via in a highly accurate calculation.
SMS or SCS.
In case of double circuit lines, the influence
of the zero-sequence mutual impedance Zm0
(YHQWUHFRUGHU(5 is compensated for by considering the resid-
ual current on the parallel line.
$SSOLFDWLRQ
Use the event recorder to obtain a list of
The function indicates the distance to the
binary signal events that occurred during the fault as a percentage of the line length, in
disturbance.
kilometers or miles as selected.
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
Possibility to make recalculations with
When a trigger condition for the disturbance
changed parameter settings exists.
report is activated, the event recorder collects
time tagged events from the 48 binary signals
Information on the last ten disturbances is
that are connected to disturbance report and
stored.
Page 17
'DWD 6HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQ functionalities regarding monitoring and set-

FRPPXQLFDWLRQ ting of the functions in the terminal.
$SSOLFDWLRQ
One or two optional optical serial interfaces One RS485 interface can be inserted replac-
with LON protocol, SPA protocol or ing one of the optical interfaces. The RS485
IEC 60870-5-103 protocol, for remote com- interface is ordered as terminated for last ter-
munication, enables the terminal to be part of minal in a multidrop connection. The RS485
a Substation Automation (SA) system. These interface is alternatively ordered as untermi-
interfaces with terminal designations X13 and nated for point to point connection, or for
X15 are located at the rear of the terminal. intermediate location in a multidrop connec-
The two interfaces can be configured inde- tion. A selection between SPA and IEC
pendent of each other, each with different 60870-5-103 is made in software at setting of
the terminal.
6HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQSURWRFROVSRVVLEOHFRPELQDWLRQVRILQWHUIDFHDQGFRQQHFWRUV
Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3
X13 SPA/IEC fibre optic SPA/IEC RS485 SPA fibre optic
X15 LON fibre optic LON fibre optic IEC fibre optic
6HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQ63$ SPA communication is applied when using

the front communication port, but for this
$SSOLFDWLRQ purpose, no special serial communication
This communication bus is mainly used for function is required in the terminal. Only the
SMS. It can include different numerical software in the PC and a special cable for
relays/terminals with remote communication front connection is needed.
possibilities. Connection to a personal com-
puter (PC) can be made directly (if the PC is 6HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQ,(&
located in the substation) or by telephone
modem through a telephone network with ,(&SURWRFRO
CCITT characteristics.
$SSOLFDWLRQ
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ This communication protocol is mainly used
When communicating with a PC, using the when a protection terminal communicates
rear SPA port, the only hardware needed for a with a third party control system. This system
station monitoring system is: must have a program that can interpret the
IEC 60870-5-103 communication messages.
• Optical fibres
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
• Opto/electrical converter for the PC As an alternative to the SPA communication
• PC the same port can be used for the IEC com-
munication.
or
The IEC protocol may be used alternatively
• A RS485 network installation according on a fibre optic or on an RS485 network. The
to EIA Standard RS485 fibre optic network is point to point only,
• PC while the RS485 network may be used by
multiple terminals in a multidrop configura-
Remote communication over the telephone tion.
network also requires a telephone modem.
The IEC 60870-5-103 protocol implementa-
The software needed in the PC, either local or tion in REx 5xx consists of these functions:
remote, is CAP 540.
Page 18
• Event handling library LIB 520 together with MicroSCADA

• Report of analog service values (measure- is needed.
ments)
• Fault location 6HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQ
• Command handling PRGXOHV6&0
-Autorecloser ON/OFF
)XQFWLRQDOLW\63$,(&
-Teleprotection ON/OFF The serial communication module for SPA/
-Protection ON/OFF IEC is placed in a slot at the rear part of the
-LED reset main processing module. The serial commu-
nication module can have connectors for:
-Characteristics 1 - 4 (Setting groups)
• File transfer (disturbance files) • two plastic fibre cables; (Rx, Tx)
• Time synchronization • two glass fibre cables; (Rx, Tx)
• galvanic RS485
The events created in the terminal available
for the IEC protocol are based on the event
The type of connection is chosen when order-
function blocks EV01 - EV06 and distur- ing the terminal.
bance function blocks DRP1 - DRP3. The
commands are represented in a dedicated )XQFWLRQDOLW\/21
function block ICOM. This block has output The serial communication module for LON is
signals according to the IEC protocol for all placed in a slot at the rear part of the Main
commands. processing module. The serial communica-
tion module can have connectors for:
6HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQ/21
• two plastic fibre cables; (Rx, Tx)
$SSOLFDWLRQ • two glass fibre cables; (Rx, Tx)
An optical network can be used within the
Substation Automation system. This enables The type of connection is chosen when order-
communication with the terminal through the ing the terminal.
LON bus from the operator’s workplace,
from the control center and also from other
terminals.
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ )URQWFRPPXQLFDWLRQ
An optical serial interface with LON protocol
enables the terminal to be part of a Substation $SSOLFDWLRQ
Control System (SCS) and/or Substation The special front connection cable is used to
Monitoring System (SMS). This interface is connect a PC COM-port to to the optical con-
located at the rear of the terminal. The hard- tact on the left side of the local HMI.
ware needed for applying LON communica-
tion depends on the application, but one very )XQFWLRQDOLW\
central unit needed is the LON Star Coupler The cable includes an optical contact, an
and optic fibres connecting the star coupler to opto/electrical converter and an electrical
the terminals. To communicate with the ter- cable with a standard 9-pole D-sub contact.
minals from a Personal Computer (PC), the This ensures a disturbance immune and safe
SMS 510, software or/and the application communication with the terminal.
Page 19
xx01000039
Figure 5: Front connection cable
+DUGZDUH 0RGXOHV
PRGXOHV
7DEOH %DVLFDOZD\VLQFOXGHGPRGXOHV
0RGXOH 'HVFULSWLRQ
Backplane module (BPM) Carries all internal signals between modules in
a terminal. The size of the module depends on
the size of the case.
Main processing module (MPM) Module for overall application control. All infor-
mation is processed or passed through this
module, such as configuration, settings and
communication. Carries up to 12 digital signal
processors, performing all measuring functions.
Human machine interface (LCD-HMI) The module consist of LED:s, a LCD, push but-
tons and an optical connector for a front con-
nected PC
7DEOH $SSOLFDWLRQVSHFLILFPRGXOHV
0RGXOH 'HVFULSWLRQ
Binary input module (BIM) Module with 16 optically isolated binary inputs
Binary output module (BOM) Module with 24 single outputs or 12 double-pole
command outputs including supervision func-
tion
Transformer input module (TRM) Used for galvanic separation of voltage and/or
current process signals and the internal cir-
cuitry.
A/D conversion module (ADM) Used for analog to digital conversion of analog
process signals galvanically separated by the
TRM.
Serial communication module (SCM) Used for SPA/LON/IEC communication
Page 20
3RZHUVXSSO\PRGXOH360 • Phase currents

• Residual current of the protected line
$SSOLFDWLRQ
• Residual current of the parallel circuit (if
The power supply module, PSM, with built in
any) for compensation of the effect of the
binary I/O is used in 1/2 and 3/4 of full width zero sequence mutual impedance on the
19” units. It has four optically isolated binary
fault locator measurement or residual cur-
inputs and five binary outputs, out of which
rent of the protected line but from a paral-
one binary output is dedicated for internal lel core used for CT circuit supervision
fail.
function or independent earth fault func-
tion.
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
The power supply modules contain a built-in, • Phase voltages
self-regulated DC/DC converter that provides • Open delta voltage for the protected line
full isolation between the terminal and the (for an optional directional earth-fault
battery system. protection)
• Phase voltage for an optional synchro-
$'PRGXOH$'0 nism and energizing check.
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ %LQDU\,2FDSDELOLWLHV
The inputs of the A/D-conversion module
(ADM) are fed with voltage and current sig- $SSOLFDWLRQ
nals from the transformer module. The cur- Input channels with high EMI immunity can
rent signals are adapted to the electronic be used as binary input signals to any func-
voltage level with shunts. To gain dynamic tion. Signals can also be used in disturbance
range for the current inputs, two shunts with or event recording. This enables extensive
separate A/D channels are used for each input monitoring and evaluation of the operation of
current. By that a 16-bit dynamic range is the terminal and associated electrical circuits.
obtained with a 12 bits A/D converter.
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
The input signals passes an anti aliasing filter Inputs are designed to allow oxide burn-off
with a cut-off frequency of 500 Hz. from connected contacts, and increase the
disturbance immunity during normal protec-
Each input signal (5 voltages and 5 currents) tion operate times. This is achieved with a
is sampled with a sampling frequency of high peak inrush current while having a low
2 kHz. steady-state current. Inputs are debounced by
software.
The A/D-converted signals are low-pass fil-
tered with a cut-off frequency of 250 Hz and Well defined input high and input low volt-
down-sampled to 1 kHz in a digital signal ages ensures normal operation at battery sup-
processor (DSP) before transmitted to the ply earth faults.
main processing module.
The voltage level of the inputs is selected
7UDQVIRUPHUPRGXOH750 when ordering.
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ I/O events are time stamped locally on each

A transformer input module can have up to module for minimum time deviance and
10 input transformers. The actual number stored by the event recorder if present.
depends on the type of terminal. Terminals
including only current measuring functions %LQDU\LQSXWPRGXOH%,0
only have current inputs. Fully equipped the
transformer module consists of: $SSOLFDWLRQ
Use the binary input module, BIM, when a
• Five voltage transformers large amount of inputs are needed. The BIM
• Five current transformers is available in two versions, one standard and
one with enhanced pulse counting inputs to
The inputs are mainly used for: be used with the pulse counter function.
Page 21
)XQFWLRQDOLW\
The binary input module, BIM, has 16 opti-
cally isolated binary inputs.
5
1
A signal discriminator detects and blocks
oscillating signals. When blocked, a hystere-
sis function may be set to release the input at
a chosen frequency, making it possible to use 5
2
the input for pulse counting. The blocking
frequency may also be set.
%LQDU\RXWSXWPRGXOH%20 3
$SSOLFDWLRQ
Use the binary output module, BOM, for trip xx00000299.vsd
output or any signalling purpose when a large

amount of outputs is needed.
1 Output connection from relay 1
)XQFWLRQDOLW\ 2 Common input connection
The binary output module, BOM, has 24 soft- 3 Output connection from relay 2
ware supervised output relays, pairwise con-
nected to be used as single-output channels Figure 6: Relay pair example
with a common connection or as command
output channels.
+XPDQPDFKLQHLQWHUIDFHPRGXOH/&'+0,
$SSOLFDWLRQ Use the terminals built-in communication
The human machine interface is used to mon- functionality to establish SMS communica-
itor and in certain aspects affect the way the tion with a PC with suitable software tool.
product operates. The configuration designer Connect the PC to the optical connector on
can add functions for alerting in case of the local HMI with the special front commu-
important events that needs special attention nication cable including an opto-electrical
from you as an operator. converter for disturbance free and safe com-
munication.
Page 22
'HVLJQ
5HDG\ 6WDUW 7ULS

5(/9HU
& 4XLW 2
( (QWHUPHQX
C
3
5
E
1. Status indication LEDs

2. LCD display
3. &DQFHO and (QWHU buttons
4. Navigation buttons
5. Optical connector
Figure 7: The LCD-HMI module
The number of buttons used on the HMI user. The buttons normally have more than
module is reduced to a minimum to allow a one function, depending on actual dialogue.
communication as simple as possible for the
Page 23
+DUGZDUHGHVLJQ /D\RXWVDQGGLPHQVLRQV
'HVLJQ
'LPHQVLRQVFDVHZLWKRXWUHDUFRYHU
E K
D
F
A
C
B
G J
xx02000646.vsd
H
Figure 8: Case without rear cover
xx02000647.vsd
Figure 9: Case without rear cover with 19” rack

mounting kit
&DVHVL]H $ % & ' ( ) * + - .

6U, 1/2 x 19” 223.7 205.7 203.7 - -
6U, 3/4 x 19” 265.9 336 204.1 252.9 318 190.5 316 - 186.6 -
6U, 1/1 x 19” 448.3 430.3 428.3 465.1 482.6
(mm)
The H and K dimensions are defined by the 19” rack mounting kit
Page 24
'LPHQVLRQVFDVHZLWKUHDUFRYHU
F
K
E
G
A
C
B D J
H
xx02000648.vsd I
xx02000649.vsd
Figure 10:Case with rear cover Figure 11:Case with rear cover and 19” rack mount-
ing kit
xx02000650.vsd
Figure 12:Case with rear cover
&DVHVL]H $ % & ' ( ) * + , - .

6U, 1/2 x 19” 223.7 205.7 203.7 - -
6U, 3/4 x 19” 265.9 336 204.1 245.1 255.8 318 190.5 316 - 227.6 -
6U, 1/1 x 19” 448.3 430.3 428.3 465.1 482.6
(mm)
The I and K dimensions are defined by the 19” rack mounting kit.
Page 25
3DQHOFXWRXWVIRU5([VHULHVVLQJOHFDVH
Flush mounting Semi-flush mounting
C
A
G
E F
D
xx02000666.vsd
xx02000665.vsd
&XWRXWGLPHQVLRQVPP
$ %
&DVHVL]H
6U, 1/2 x 19” 210.1 254.3
6U, 3/4 x 19” 322.4 254.3
6U, 1/1 x 19” 434.7 254.3
C = 4-10 mm
D = 16.5 mm
E = 187.6 mm without rear protection cover, 228.6 mm with rear protection cover
F = 106.5 mm
G = 97.6 mm without rear protection cover, 138.6 mm with rear protection cover
Page 26
3DQHOFXWRXWIRU5([VHULHVVLGHE\VLGHFDVHV
D
B
E
F
C
xx02000651.vsd
19"
xx02000652.vsd
Figure 13:Flush mounting of side by side cases
&DVHVL]H &XWRXWGLPHQVLRQV
$ % & ' ( ) *
6U, 3/4 x 19” 326.4 259.3 352.8 190.5 34.4 13.2 ø 6.4
6U, 1/1 x 19” 438.7 259.3 465.1 190.5 34.4 13.2 ø 6.4
(mm)
Page 27
'LPHQVLRQVZDOOPRXQWLQJ
80
xx02000653.vsd
B Screws M6 or
E corresponding
C
D
en02000654.vsd
Figure 14:Wall mounting
&DVHVL]HPP $ % & ' (

6U, 1/2 x 19” 292 267.1
6U, 3/4 x 19” 404.3 379.4 272.8 390 247
6U, 1/1 x 19” 516 491.1
Page 28
7HUPLQDOGLDJUDP 'UDZLQJV
Figure 15:Hardware structure of the 1/2 of full width 19” case
L1
L2
L3
LOCATION S1 (TRM)
(ADM) X11:
∩ 1
LOCATION S9 (MPM)
I1 4
X13:TX SPA /
IEC-870-5-103 2
1) X13:RX
TX OPTION I2 5
2) HMI HMI 3 B
RX
I3 6
X15:TX 4
3) X15:RX LON OPTION 8 A
IN 7
LOCATION S13 (PSM)
9 A
X18: INTERNAL
16
I5 10 B 4)
FAIL
INTERNAL FAIL 15 X12:
17 1
+
18 U1
- EL 2
6
1) COMMUNICATION PORT SPA/ U2 7
IEC 870-5-103
8
2) OPTICAL PORT FROM LOCAL
HMI. CONNECTION MADE WITH U3 9
A SPECIAL OPTICAL INTERFACE 10
CABLE. 5
3) COMMUNICATION PORT LON 4
3
4) RESERVED FOR PARALLEL
LINE COMPENSATION 12
5)RESERVED FOR DIRECTIONAL U4 14 5)
EARTH-FAULT FUNCTION 16
6)RESERVED FOR U5 18 6)
REF.VOLTAGE
xx00000471.vsd
Page 29
LOCATION=S13 (PSM)
X18
+ 1 BI.01
CR
RL24,48, + 2 BI.02
CRG
110 OR
+ 3
220 4 BI.03 SPARE POSITION S17 (BOM)
- X22:
+ 5
- 6 BI.04 BC 2
BO.01 TR01-TRIP BO.01 1
8 CS
BO.02 TR01-TRIP BO.02
10 BLK-TRF-OC
BO.03 5
12 SYN-MANOK BO.03
TR01-TRIP 4
BO.04 DRP1-RECSTART
14 BO.04
AR-CLOSE CB 6
13 8
GFC-STFWL1 BO.05 7
11
GFC-STFWL2 BO.06
9 9
11
7 GFC-STFWL3 BO.07 10
GFC-STFWPE BO.08
12
14
GFC-STND BO.09 13
LOCATION = S15 (BIM) BO.10
ZM1-TRIP 15
X20: 17
ZM2-TRIP BO.11 16
+ 1
- 2 BI.01 AR-INHIBIT BO.12
3 ZM3-TRIP 18
+ BI.02 AR-CB-READY
- 4
5 X23:
+ BI.03 AR-ON
- 6 2
+ 7 BO.13
8 BI.04 AR-OFF ZM4-TRIP 1
-
+ 9 BO.14
10 BI.05 START-AR CS 3
-
+ 11 5
- 12 BI.06 SPARE BO.15
13 FUSE-FAIL 4
+ BI.07 AR-PLC-LOST
- 14 BO.16
15 TOC-TRIP 6
+ BI.08 CB-CLOSED 8
- 16
X21 TOC3-STRV BO.17 7
1 BO.18
+ WEF1-TRIP 9
2 BI.09 EF-BLOCKED
-
3 11
+ 4 FUSE-MCB BO.19
- BI.10 WEF1-STRV 10
5
+ 6 BI.11 DISC-OPEN BO.20
- AR-UNSUC 12
+ 7
8 BI.12 SYNC-BLOCK 14
- BO.21
+ 9 AR-SET-ON 13
- 10 BI.13 TIME-SYNC
11 AR-READY BO.22 15
+ 12 BI.14 CLR-LEDS
- 17
+ 13
14 BI.15 SET-GRP1 AR-INPROGR BO.23 16
-
15
+ 16 BI.16 SET-GRP2 BO.24
- SELECTIVE-TR 18
xx00000472.vsd
Page 30
7HFKQLFDOGDWD *HQHUDO
'HILQLWLRQV
5HIHUHQFHYDOXH
The specified value of an influencing factor to which are referred the characteristics of the
equipment.
1RPLQDOUDQJH
The range of values of an influencing quantity (factor) whithin which, under specified condi-
tions, the equipment meets the specified requirements.
2SHUDWLYHUDQJH
The range of values of a given energizing quantity for which the equipment, under specified
conditions, is able to perform its intended functions according to the specified requirements.
7DEOH &DVH
Material Steel sheet
Front plate Steel sheet profile with cut-out for HMI and for 18 LED when included
Surface treatment Aluzink preplated steel
Finish Light beige (NCS 1704-Y15R)
Degree of protection Front side: IP40, optional IP54 with sealing strip. Rear side: IP20
7DEOH :HLJKW
&DVHVL]H :HLJKW
6U, 1/2 x 19” ≤ 8.5 kg
7DEOH 3603RZHU6XSSO\0RGXOH
4XDQWLW\ 5DWHGYDOXH 1RPLQDOUDQJH
Auxiliary dc voltage EL = (48 - 250) V +/- 20%
7DEOH 750(QHUJL]LQJTXDQWLWLHVUDWHGYDOXHVDQGOLPLWV
Current Ir = 1 or 5 A (0.2-30) × Ir
Ir=0.1, 0.5, 1 or 5 A for I5

Operative range (0.004-100) x Ir
Permissive overload 4 × Ir cont.
100 × Ir for 1 s *)
Burden < 0.25 VA at Ir = 1 or 5 A
< 0.02 Va at Ir = 0.1 or 0.5 A

Ac voltage for the terminal Ur = 110 V **) 100/110/115/120 V
Operative range (0.001-1.5) x Ur
Permissive overload 2.3 × Ur phase-earth, cont.
3.0 x Ur phase-earth, for 1 s

Burden < 0.2 VA at Ur
Page 31

Frequency fr = 50/60 Hz +/-10%
*)
max. 350 A for 1 s when COMBITEST test switch is included.
**) The rated voltage of each individual voltage input U1 to U5 is Ur/√3
7DEOH 7HPSHUDWXUHDQGKXPLGLW\LQIOXHQFH
3DUDPHWHU 5HIHUHQFHYDOXH 1RPLQDOUDQJH ,QIOXHQFH
Ambient temperature +20 °C -10 °C to +55 °C 0.01% / °C
Operative range -25 °C to +55°C

Relative humidity 10%-90% 10%-90% -
Operative range 0%-95%

Storage temperature -40 °C to +70 °C - -
7DEOH $X[LOLDU\'&VXSSO\YROWDJHLQIOXHQFHRQIXQFWLRQDOLW\GXULQJ
RSHUDWLRQ
'HSHQGHQFHRQ :LWKLQQRPLQDOUDQJH ,QIOXHQFH
Ripple, in DC auxiliary voltage Max 12% 0.01% / %
Interrupted auxiliary DC voltage 48-250 V dc ±20%
Without reset <50 ms
Correct function 0-∞ s
Restart time <180 s
7DEOH )UHTXHQF\LQIOXHQFH
'HSHQGHQFHRQ :LWKLQQRPLQDOUDQJH ,QIOXHQFH
Frequency dependence fr ±10% for 50 Hz ±2.0% / Hz
fr ±10% for 60 Hz
Harmonic frequency dependence 2nd, 3rd and 5th harmonic of fr ±6.0%
(10% content)
7DEOH (OHFWURPDJQHWLFFRPSDWLELOLW\
7HVW 7\SHWHVWYDOXHV 5HIHUHQFHVWDQGDUGV
1 MHz burst disturbance 2.5 kV IEC 60255-22-1, Class III
Electrostatic discharge
Direct application Air 8 kV IEC 60255-22-2, Class III
Contact 6 kV
Fast transient disturbance 4 kV IEC 60255-22-4, Class A
Surge immunity test 1-2 kV, 1.2/50µs IEC 60255-22-5
high energy
Power frequency immunity test 150-300 V, IEC 60255-22-7, Class A
50 Hz
Power frequency magnetic field test 1000 A/m, 3s IEC 61000-4-8, Class V
Radiated electromagnetic field distur- 10 V/m, IEC 60255-22-3
bance 80-1000 MHz
Page 32

Radiated electromagnetic field distur- 10 V/m, IEC 61000-4-3, Class III
bance 80-1000 MHz,
1.4-2.0 GHz
Radiated electromagnetic field distur- 35 V/m IEEE/ANSI C37.90.2
bance
26-1000 MHz
Conducted electromagnetic field dis- 10 V, 0.15-80 MHz IEC 60255-22-6
turbance
Radiated emission 30-1000 MHz IEC 60255-25
Conducted emission 0.15-30 MHz IEC 60255-25
7DEOH ,QVXODWLRQ
7HVW 7\SHWHVWYDOXHV 5HIHUHQFHVWDQGDUG
Dielectric test 2.0 kVAC, 1 min. IEC 60255-5
Impulse voltage test 5 kV, 1.2/50 µs, 0.5 J
Insulation resistance >100 MΩ at 500 VDC
7DEOH &(FRPSOLDQFH
7HVW $FFRUGLQJWR
Immunity EN 61000-6-2
Emissivity EN 61000-6-4
Low voltage directive EN 50178
7DEOH 0HFKDQLFDOWHVWV
Vibration Class I IEC 60255-21-1
Shock and bump Class I IEC 60255-21-2
Seismic Class I IEC 60255-21-3
7DEOH &DOHQGDUDQGFORFN
3DUDPHWHU 5DQJH
Built-in calender With leap years through 2098
7DEOH ,QWHUQDOHYHQWOLVW
'DWD 9DOXH
Recording manner Continuous, event con-
trolled
List size 40 events, first in-first out
7DEOH 7,0(7LPHV\QFKURQLVDWLRQ
)XQFWLRQ $FFXUDF\
Time tagging resolution 1 ms
Time tagging error with synchronisation once/60 s ± 1.5 ms
Time tagging error without synchronisation ± 3 ms/min
Page 33
7DEOH 606FRPPXQLFDWLRQYLDIURQW
)XQFWLRQ 9DOXH
Protocol SPA
Communication speed for the terminals 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 Bd
Slave number 1 to 899
Change of active group allowed Yes
Change of settings allowed Yes
7DEOH )URQWFRQQHFWLRQFDEOH
)XQFWLRQ 9DOXH
Communication speed for the cable 0.3-115 Kbaud
7DEOH &/&RQILJXUDEOHEORFNVDVEDVLF
8SGDWHUDWH %ORFN $YDLODELOLW\
10 ms AND 30 gates
OR 60 gates
INV 20 inverters
SM 20 flip-flops
GT 5 gates
TS 5 timers
200 ms SR 5 flip-flops
XOR 39 gates
7DEOH $YDLODEOHWLPHUIXQFWLRQEORFNVDVEDVLF
%ORFN $YDLODELOLW\ 6HWWLQJUDQJH $FFXUDF\
TM 10 timers 0.000-60.000 s in ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
steps of 1 ms
TP 10 pulse timers 0.000-60.000 s in ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
steps of 1 ms
TL 10 timers 0.0-90000.0 s in ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
steps of 0.1 s
TQ 10 puls timers 0.0-90000.0 s in ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
steps of 0.1 s
/LQHGLVWDQFH
7DEOH *)&SSO]L3KDVHSUHIHUHQFHORJLF
3DUDPHWHU 6HWWLQJUDQJH
Operate residual current, IN> 20-200% of I4b in steps of 1%
Operate residual voltage, 3U0> 30-70% of U1b in steps of 1%
Voltage phase Phase to phase, UPP< 20-170% of U1b in steps of 1%
selection Phase to earth, UPN< 10-100% of U1b in steps of 1%
Page 34
3DUDPHWHU 6HWWLQJUDQJH
Cyclic tripping phase preference L1L3L2, L3L1L2
Non-cyclic tripping phase preference L1L3L2, L1L2L3, L3L2L1,
L3L1L2, L2L1L3, L2L3L1
Non-cyclic blocking phase preference L1L3L2, L1L2L3, L3L2L1,
L3L1L2, L2L1L3, L2L3L1
7DEOH =0=RQHLPSHGDQFHPHDVXULQJHOHPHQWV
)XQFWLRQ 9DOXH
Operate time Typical 28 ms
Min and max Please refer to the separate isoch-
rone diagrams
Min. operate current (10-30) % of I1b in steps of 1 %
Resetting ratio Typical 110 %
Resetting time Typical 40 ms
Output signals start and trip Zone 1-3 Three phase
Single phase and/or three phase

Zone 4, 5 Three phase start and trip
Setting accuracy Included in the measuring accuracy

Number of zones 3, 4 or 5, direction selectable
Impedance set- Reactive Positive-sequence (0.10-400.00) Ω/phase in steps of
ting range at Ir = reach reactance 0.01 Ω
1 A (to be divided Zero sequence (0.10-1200.00) Ω/phase in steps of
by 5 at Ir = 5 A) reactance 0.01 Ω
Resistive Positive-sequence (0.10-400.00) Ω/phase in steps of
reach resistance 0.01 Ω
Zero sequence (0.10-1200.00) Ω/phase in steps of
resistance 0.01 Ω
Fault resis- For phase - phase (0.10-400.00) Ω/loop in steps of
tance faults 0.01 Ω
For phase-earth (0.10-400.00) Ω/loop in steps of
faults 0.01 Ω
Setting range of timers for impedance zones (0.000-60.000) s in steps of 1 ms
Static accuracy at Voltage range (0.1-1.1) x Ur +/- 5 %
0 degrees and 85 Current range (0.5-30) x Ir
degrees
Static angular Voltage range (0.1-1,1) x Ur +/- 5 degrees
accuracy at 0 Current range (0.5-30) x Ir
degrees and 85
degrees
Max dynamic overreach at 85 degrees measured with +5%
CVT’s 0.5 < SIR < 30
Page 35
7DEOH 36'3RZHUVZLQJGHWHFWLRQ
3DUDPHWHU 6HWWLQJUDQJH $FFXUDF\
Impedance setting range Reactive reach, 0.10-400.00 ohm/
at Ir =1A XIN phase in steps of 0.01
ohm/phase
(divide values by 5 for Ir =
5A) Resistive reach, 0.10-400.00 ohm/
RIN phase in steps
of 0.01ohm/phase
Reach multiplication factor, KX 120-200% of XIN in
steps of 1%
Reach multiplication factor, KR 120-200% of RIN in
steps of 1%
Initial PSD timer, tP1 0.000-60.000 s in +/- 0.5 % +/- 10 ms
steps of 1 ms
Fast PSD timer, tP2 0.000-60.000 s in +/- 0.5 % +/- 10 ms
steps of 1 ms
Hold timer tW for activation of fast PSD timer 0.000-60.000 s in +/- 0.5 % +/- 10 ms
steps of 1 ms
Hold timer tH for PSD detected 0.000-60.000 s in +/- 0.5 % +/- 10 ms
steps of 1 ms
Timer tEF overcoming 1ph reclosing dead 0.000-60.000 s in +/- 0.5 % +/- 10 ms
time steps of 1 ms
Timer tR1 to time delay block by the residual 0.000-60.000 s in +/- 0.5 % +/- 10 ms
current steps of 1 ms
Timer tR2 to time delay block at very slow 0.000-60.000 s in +/- 0.5 % +/- 10 ms
swings steps of 1 ms
7DEOH =&206FKHPHFRPPXQLFDWLRQORJLFIRUGLVWDQFHSURWHFWLRQ
Coordination timer, tCoord 0.000-60.000 s in steps of +/-0.5% +/-10ms
1 ms
Minimum send time, tSendMin 0.000-60.000 s in steps of +/-0.5% +/-10ms
1 ms
Security timer, tSec 0.000-60.000 s in steps of +/-0.5% +/-10ms
1 ms
7DEOH =&$/&XUUHQWUHYHUVDODQGZHDNHQGLQIHHGORJLF
Pickup time for current 0.000-60.000 s in steps of ±0.5% ±10ms
reversal, tPickUp 0.001s
Delay time for current 0.000-60.000 s in steps of ±0.5% ±10ms
reversal, tDelay 0.001s
Page 36

Coordination time for weak 0.000-60.000 s in steps of ±0.5% ±10ms
end infeed logic, tWEI 0.001s
Detection level phase to 10-100% of U1b ±2.5% of Ur
neutral voltage, UPN<
Detection level phase to 20-170% of U1b ±2.5% of Ur at U≤Ur
phase voltage, UPP<
±2.5% of U at U>Ur
7DEOH 627)$XWRPDWLFVZLWFKRQWRIDXOWIXQFWLRQ
3DUDPHWHU 9DOXH $FFXUDF\
Delay following dead line detection input 200 ms +/-0.5% +/-10 ms
before SOTF function is automatically enabled
Time period after circuit breaker closure in 1000 ms +/-0.5% +/-10 ms
which SOTF function is active
&XUUHQW
7DEOH 72&7ZRVWHSWLPHGHOD\HGQRQGLUHFWLRQDOSKDVHRYHUFXUUHQW
SURWHFWLRQ
)XQFWLRQ 6HWWLQJUDQJH $FFXUDF\
Operate value for low set (5-500)% of I1b in steps of +/- 2.5% of I1r at
function 1%
I ≤ I1r
I > Low
+/- 2.5 % of I at I>I1r
Base current for inverse time (5-500) % of I1b in steps of +/- 2.5 % of I1r at
calculation 1%
I ≤ I1r
I > Inv
+/- 2.5 % of I at I> I1r
Minimum operate time (0.000-60.000)s in steps of +/- 0.5 % +/- 10 ms
1 ms
tMinInv
Definite time delay for low set (0.000-60.000)s in steps of +/- 0.5 % +/- 10 ms
function 1 ms
tLow
Operate value of high set (50-2000)% of I1b in steps of +/- 2.5% of I1r at
function 1%
I ≤ I1r
I > High
+/- 2.5 % of I at I>I1r
Definite time delay for high (0.000-60.000) s in steps of +/- 0.5 % +/- 10 ms
set function 1 ms
tHigh
Normal inverse characteristic IEC 60255-3 class 5+/- 60 ms
I = Imeas/Iset
Page 37

Very inverse characteristic IEC 60255-3 class 7.5+/- 60
13.5
t = ----------- ⋅ k ms
I–1
Extremely inverse character- IEC 60255-3 class 7.5+/- 60
istic ms
Dynamic overreach at τ< 100 ms <5%
7DEOH 72&7ZRVWHSWLPHGHOD\HGGLUHFWLRQDOSKDVHRYHUFXUUHQW
SURWHFWLRQ
Operate value of low set func- (20-2000)% of I1b in steps of 1% ± 2.5 % of Ir at I ≤ Ir
tion, I>Low
± 2.5 % of I at I>Ir
Base current for inverse time (20-500) % of I1b in steps of 1 % ± 2.5 % of Ir at I ≤ Ir
calculation, I>Inv
Resetting ratio - >95%
Minimum operate time, tMin- (0.000-60.000) s in steps of 1 ms ± 0.5 % ±10 ms
Inv
Definite time delay for low set (0.000-60.000) s in step of 1ms
function, tLow
± 0.5 % ±10 ms
Operate value of high set (20-2000) % of I1b in steps of 1 % ± 2.5 % of Ir at I ≤ Ir
function, I>High
Definite time delay for high set (0.000-60.000) in steps of 1 ms
function, tHigh
± 0.5 % ±10 ms
Static angular accuracy at 0 Voltage range (0.1-1.1) x Ur ± 5 degrees
degrees and 85 degrees Current range (0.5-30) x Ir
Normal inverse characteristic IEC 60255-3 class 5
+ 60 ms
I = Imeas/Iset
Very inverse characteristic IEC 60255-3 class 7.5

13.5 + 60 ms
I = Imeas/Iset t = ----------- ⋅ k
I–1
Extremely inverse characteris- IEC 60255-3 class 7.5

tic + 60 ms
I = Imeas/Iset
RI-inverse characteristic IEC 60256-3 class 5
1 + 60 ms
I = Imeas/Iset t = ------------------------------------ ⋅ k
0.236
0.339 – ---------------
I
Dynamic overreach at τ< 100 ms <5%
Page 38
7DEOH :()6HQVLWLYHGLUHFWLRQDOUHVLGXDORYHUFXUUHQWSURWHFWLRQIXQFWLRQ
)XQFWLRQ 9DOXH $FFXUDF\
Operate current, IN> (3.0 - 2000.0 ) % of Ib in ± 2.5% of Ir at I ≤ Ir
steps of 0.1%
± 2.5% of I at I > Ir
Operate voltage, UN> (5.0 - 70.0) % of Ub in steps ± 2.5% of Ur at U ≤ Ur
of 0.1%
± 2.5% of U at U > Ur
Characteristic Angle (-90.0 to +90.0) degrees in
steps of 0.1 degrees
Definite time delay, tTrip (0.000 - 60.000) s in steps of ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
1 ms
Reset ratio > 90% typically
9ROWDJH
7DEOH 7897LPHGHOD\HGXQGHUYROWDJHSURWHFWLRQ
Operate voltage, UPE< (10-100) % of U1b in steps of ± 2.5 % of Ur
1%
Time delay (0.000-60.000) s in steps of ± 0.5 % ±10 ms
1ms
7DEOH 7297LPHGHOD\HGRYHUYROWDJHSURWHFWLRQ
Operate voltage Phase measuring (50-170)% of U1b in steps ± 2.5 % of Ur at U ≤
U> elements of 1% Ur
± 2.5 % of U at U >
Ur
Time delay Phase measuring (0.000-60.000) s in steps ± 0.5 % ± 10 ms
elements of 1ms
Operate voltage Residual measur- (5-100)% of U1b in steps ± 2.5 % of Ur at U ≤

U> ing elements of 1% Ur
± 2.5 % of U at U >
Ur
Time delay Residual measur- (0.000-60.000) s in steps ± 0.5 % ± 10 ms
ing elements of 1ms
3RZHUV\VWHPVXSHUYLVLRQ
7DEOH '/''HDGOLQHGHWHFWLRQ
Automatic check of dead Operate phase current, IP< (5-100) % of I1b in ± 2.5 % of Ir
line condition steps of 1%
Operate phase voltage, U< (10-100) % of U1b in ± 2.5 % of Ur
steps of 1%
Page 39
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7DEOH )86(QV)XVHIDLOXUHVXSHUYLVLRQIXQFWLRQQHJDWLYHVHTXHQFH
Negative-sequence Operate voltage (10 - 50)% of U1b in ± 2.5 % of Ur
quantities: 3U2> steps of 1%
Operate current (10 - 50)% of I1b in ± 2.5 % of Ir
3I2> steps of 1%
&RQWURO
7DEOH 6<16\QFKURFKHFNDQGHQHUJL]LQJFKHFN
Synchrocheck:
Frequency difference limit, FreqDiff 50-300 mHz in steps of 10 mHz ≤20 mHz
Voltage difference limit, UDiff 5-50% of U1b in steps of 1% ± 2.5% of Ur
Phase difference limit, PhaseDiff 5-75 degrees in steps of ± 2 degrees

1 degree
Energizing check:
Voltage level high, UHigh 70-100% of U1b in steps of 1% ± 2.5% of Ur
Voltage level low, ULow 10-80% of U1b in steps of 1% ± 2.5% of Ur
Energizing period, automatic reclos- 0.000-60.000 s in steps of 1 ms ± 0.5% ± 10 ms

ing, tAutoEnerg
Energizing period, manual closing,

0.000-60.000 s in steps of 1 ms ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
tManEnerg
Phase shift ϕline - ϕbus 0-360 degrees in steps of
1 degree
Voltage ratio Ubus/Uline 0.20-5.00 in steps of 0.01
7DEOH 6\QFKURFKHFNDQGHQHUJL]LQJFKHFNJHQHUDO
3DUDPHWHU 9DOXH
Synchrocheck:
Bus voltage frequency range limit ± 5 Hz from fr
Operate time 190 ms typically
Energizing check:
Operate time 80 ms typically

Page 40
7DEOH $5$XWRUHFORVHU
Automatic reclosing open time:
shot 1 - t1 3ph 0.000-60.000 s in steps of ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
1 ms
0.1 s
0.1 s
0.1 s
Autorecloser maximum wait time for 0.0-90000.0 s in steps of ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
sync, tSync 0.1 s
Duration of close pulse to circuit 0.000-60.000 s in steps of ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
breaker tPulse 1 ms
Reclaim time, tReclaim 0.0-90000.0 s in steps of ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
0.1 s
Inhibit reset time, tInhibit 0.000-60.000 s in steps of ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
1 ms
Maximum trip pulse duration, tTrip 0.000-60.000 s in steps of ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
(longer trip pulse durations will either 1 ms
extend the dead time or interrupt the
reclosing sequence)
Maximum wait time for release from 0.0-90000.0 s in steps of ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
Master, tWaitForMaster 0.1 s
Maximum wait time between shots, tAu- 0.000-60.000 s in steps of ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
toWait 1 ms
Time delay before indicating reclosing 0.0-90000.0 s in steps of ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
unsuccessful, tUnsuc 0.1 s
Time CB must be closed before AR 0.000-60.000 s in steps of ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
becomes ready for a reclosing cycle, 1 ms
tCBClosed
7DEOH $5$XWRUHFORVHU
3DUDPHWHU 9DOXH
Reclosing shots 1-4
Programs Three pole trip: 1
Single, two and three pole trip: 6

Number of instances Up to six depending on terminal type
(different terminal types support dif-
ferent CB arrangements and numbers
of bays)
Breaker closed before start 5s
Page 41
/RJLF
7DEOH 757ULSSLQJORJLF
3DUDPHWHU 9DOXH $FFXUDF\
Setting for the minimum trip 0.000 - 60.000 s in steps of ± 0.5% ± 10 ms
pulse length, tTripMin 1 ms
0RQLWRULQJ
7DEOH '53'LVWXUEDQFHUHSRUWVHWWLQJSHUIRUPDQFH
'DWD 6HWWLQJUDQJH
Pre-fault time, tPre 50-300 ms in steps of 10 ms
Post-fault time, tPost 100-5000 ms in steps of 100 ms
Limit time, tLim 500-6000 ms in steps of 100 ms
Number of recorded disturbances Max. 10
7DEOH '5'LVWXUEDQFHUHFRUGHUVHWWLQJSHUIRUPDQFH
)XQFWLRQ 6HWWLQJUDQJH
Overcurrent triggering 0-5000% of Inb in
steps of 1%
Undercurrent triggering 0-200% of Inb in
steps of 1%
Overvoltage triggering 0-200% of Unb in
steps of 1% at 100 V
sec.
Undervoltage triggering 0-110% of Unb in
steps of 1%
7DEOH '5'LVWXUEDQFHUHFRUGHUSHUIRUPDQFH
'DWD 9DOXH
Number of binary signals 48
Number of analog signals 10
Sampling rate 2 kHz
Recording bandwidth 5-250 Hz
Total recording time with ten analog and 48 binary signals recorded. 40 s typically
(The amount of harmonics can affect the maximum storage time)
Current channels Dynamic range Without DC off- (0.01-110.00) × Ir
set
With full DC off- (0.01-60.00) × Ir
set
Resolution 0.5 % of Ir
Accuracy at rated I ≤ Ir ± 2.5 % of Ir
frequency I > Ir ± 2.5 % of I
Page 42
7DEOH (5(YHQWUHFRUGHU
)XQFWLRQ 9DOXH
Event buffering capacity Max. number of events/disturbance report 150
Max. number of disturbance reports 10
7DEOH )/2&)DXOWORFDWRU
Distance to fault Reach for Ir Resistive direc- (0 - 1500) ohm/ ± 2.5 % (typical)
locator =1 A tion phase
Reactive direc- (0 - 1500) ohm/ ± 2.5 % (typical)
tion phase
Phase selection According to
input signals
7DEOH 0HDQYDOXHV$&PRQLWRULQJ

)XQFWLRQ 1RPLQDOUDQJH $FFXUDF\
Frequency (0.95 - 1.05) x fr ± 0.2 Hz
Current (RMS) (0.2 - 4) x Ir ± 2.5% of Ir, at I≤ Ir
± 2.5% of I, at I> Ir
'DWDFRPPXQLFDWLRQ
7DEOH 63$6HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQ
)XQFWLRQ 9DOXH
Protocol SPA
Communication speed 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 or 38400 Bd
Slave number 1 to 899
Remote change of active group allowed yes/no
Remote change of settings allowed yes/no
Connectors and optical fibres glass or plastic
7DEOH /216HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQ
)XQFWLRQ 9DOXH
Protocol LON
Communication speed 1.25 Mbit/s
7DEOH ,(&6HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQ
)XQFWLRQ 9DOXH
Protocol IEC 60870-5-103
Communication speed 9600, 19200 Bd
Page 43
7DEOH 2SWLFDOILEUHFRQQHFWLRQUHTXLUHPHQWVIRU63$,(&
*ODVVILEUH 3ODVWLFILEUH
Cable connector ST connector HFBR, Snap-in connector
Fibre diameter 62.5/125 µm 1 mm
50/125 µm
Max. cable length 500 m 30 m
7DEOH 56FRQQHFWLRQUHTXLUHPHQWVIRU63$,(&
Cable connector Phoenix, MSTB 2.5/6-ST-5.08 1757051
Cable dimension SSTP according to EIA Standard RS485
Max. cable length 100 m
7DEOH /212SWLFDOILEUHFRQQHFWLRQUHTXLUHPHQWVIRU/21EXV
*ODVVILEUH 3ODVWLFILEUH
Cable connector ST-connector HFBR, Snap-in connector
Fibre diameter 62.5/125 µm 1 mm
50/125 µm
Max. cable length 1000 m 30 m
+DUGZDUHPRGXOHV
7DEOH %,0,20360%LQDU\LQSXWV
,QSXWV 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/
Binary inputs BIM: 16, IOM: 8, PSM: 4
Debounce frequency 5 Hz (BIM), 1 Hz (IOM)
Oscillating signal discrimi- Blocking and release settable between 1-40 Hz
nator.*
Binary input voltage RL 24/30 VDC 48/60 VDC 110/125 VDC 220/250 VDC
+/-20% +/-20% +/-20% +/-20%

Power dissipation (max.) 0.05 W/input 0.1 W/input 0.2 W/input 0.4 W/input
*) Only available for BIM
7DEOH %20,20360%LQDU\RXWSXWV
)XQFWLRQRUTXDQWLW\ 7ULSDQG6LJQDO )DVWVLJQDO
UHOD\V UHOD\V
Binary outputs BOM: 24, IOM: 10, IOM: 2
PSM: 4
Max system voltage 250 V AC, DC 250 V AC, DC
Test voltage across open contact, 1 min 1000 V rms 800 V DC
Current carrying Continuous 8A 8A

capacity 1s 10 A 10 A
Page 44
)XQFWLRQRUTXDQWLW\ 7ULSDQG6LJQDO )DVWVLJQDO

UHOD\V UHOD\V
Making capacity at 0.2 s 30 A 0.4 A
inductive load with L/ 1.0 s 10 A 0.4 A
R>10 ms
Breaking capacity for AC, cos ϕ>0.4 250 V/8.0 A 250 V/8.0 A
Breaking capacity for DC with L/R<40ms 48 V/1 A 48 V/1 A
110 V/0.4 A 110 V/0.4 A
220 V/0.2 A 220 V/0.2 A
250 V/0.15 A 250 V/0.15 A
Maximum capacitive load - 10 nF

Page 45
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Carefully read and follow the set of rules to ensure problem-free order management. Be aware
that certain functions can only be ordered in combination with other functions and that some
functions require specific hardware selections.
%DVLFKDUGZDUHDQGIXQFWLRQV
3ODWIRUPDQGEDVLFIXQFWLRQDOLW\
Basic REx 5xx platform and common functions housed in 1/2 sized 19” casing
0DQXDOVRQ&'
Operator’s manual (English)
Installation and commissioning manual (English)
Technical reference manual (English)
Application manual (English)
%LQDU\,2FDSDELOLWLHV
Binary I/O resided on power supply module 360
Binary input module %,0
Binary output module %20
/LQHGLVWDQFH
General fault-criteria, impedance and current based, with Phase preference logic *)&SSO]L
Full-scheme distance protection, 3-zone, phase-to-phase =0S
Full-scheme distance protection, 3-zone, phase-to-earth =0H
Distance protection, zone 4 =0
Distance protection, zone 5 =0
Power swing detection 36'
Scheme communication logic =&20
Current reversal and weak end infeed logic =&$/
Automatic switch onto fault logic 627)
Local acceleration logic =&/&
&XUUHQW
Two step time delayed non-directional phase overcurrent protection 72&
Two step time delayed directional phase overcurrent protection 72&
Sensitive directional residual overcurrent protection :()
9ROWDJH
Time delayed undervoltage protection 789
Time delayed overvoltage protection 729
3RZHUV\VWHPVXSHUYLVLRQ
2EVHUYH,I6ZLWFKRQWRIDXOWORJLF627)DQGRU)XVHIDLOXUH)86(DUHVHOHFWHG
'HDGOLQHGHWHFWLRQ'/'LVDXWRPDWLFDOO\LQFOXGHGLQWKHWHUPLQDO
Page 46
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Fuse failure supervision, Negative sequence)86(QV
&RQWURO
Synchro-check and energizing-check, single circuit breaker 6<1
Autorecloser - 3-phase, single circuit breaker $5
/RJLF
Three pole tripping logic 75
0RQLWRULQJ
Disturbance recorder '5
Event recorder (5
Fault locator )/2&
Supervision of AC input quantities '$
3URGXFWVSHFLILFDWLRQ
REL 511-C2 Quantity: 1MRK 004 492-BB
5XOH6HOHFWRQO\RQHDOWHUQDWLYH
Engergizing quantities for binary inputs on 24-30 V 1MRK 002 238-AA
power supply module 48-60 V 1MRK 002 238-BA
110-125 V 1MRK 002 238-CA
220-250 V 1MRK 002 238-DA
1RWH$X[LOLDU\GFYROWDJH(/FRQQHFWHGWRWKHSRZHUVXSSO\PRGXOHLV9
0HDVXULQJFDSDELOLWLHV
Add measuring capabilities by selecting input energizing options from the following tables.
5XOH6HOHFWRQO\RQHDOWHUQDWLYH.
Rated measuring input energizing I1-I4 1A 1MRK 000 157-XB
quantities for sensitive earth fault
I5 0.1 A
functions
U1-U5 110 V
I1-I4 5A 1MRK 000 157-RB
I5 0.5 A
U1-U5 110 V
Page 47
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5XOH6HOHFWRQO\RQHDOWHUQDWLYH
Energizing quantities for binary input module 24-30 V DC 1MRK 000 508-DB
48-60 V DC 1MRK 000 508-AB
110-125 V DC 1MRK 000 508-BB
220-250 V DC 1MRK 000 508-CB
6HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQPRGXOH
6HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQSURWRFROVSRVVLEOHFRPELQDWLRQVRILQWHUIDFHDQGFRQQHFWRUV
Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3
X13 SPA/IEC fibre optic SPA/IEC RS 485 SPA fibre optic
X15 LON fibre optic LON fibre optic IEC fibre optic
/2&;RQO\RQHDOWHUQDWLYHFDQEHVHOHFWHG
SPA/IEC 60870-5-103 interface 63$,(&SO Plastic fibres 1MRK 000 168-FA
SPA/IEC 60870-5-103 interface 63$,(& Glass fibres 1MRK 000 168-DA
/21JO
SPA/IEC 60870-5-103 interface RS485 gal- RS485 galvanic 1MRK 002 084-BA
vanic, terminated for termination of last termi-
nal in multi-drop 63$,(&56W
SPA/IEC 60870-5-103 interface, RS485, RS485 galvanic 1MRK 002 084-CA
unterminated for point-to-point or intermedi-
ate location in multi-drop 63$,(&56XW
/2&;RQO\RQHDOWHUQDWLYHFDQEHVHOHFWHG
LON interface /21SO Plastic fibres 1MRK 000 168-EA
LON interface 63$,,(&,/21JO Glass fibres 1MRK 000 168-DA
IEC 60870-5-103 interface 63$,(&/21JO Glass fibres 1MRK 000 168-DA
IEC 60870-5-103 interface 63$,(&SO Plastic fibres 1MRK 000 168-FA
2SWLRQDOIXQFWLRQV
6HFRQG+0,ODQJXDJHVWDQGDUG
1RWH2QO\RQHDOWHUQDWLYHLVSRVVLEOH
2nd HMI language, german +0,GH German 1MRK 001 459-AA
2nd HMI language, russian +0,UX Russian 1MRK 001 459-BA
2nd HMI language, french +0,IU French 1MRK 001 459-CA
2nd HMI language, spanish +0,HV Spanish 1MRK 001 459-DA
2nd HMI language, italian +0,LW Italian 1MRK 001 459-EA
Customer specific language Contact your local ABB representative for
availability
Page 48
+DUGZDUH
7HVWVZLWFK
Test switch module RTXP 24 in RHGS6 case 1MRK 000 371-CA
With internal earthing RK 926 215-BB
With external earthing RK 926 215-BC
On/off switch for the DC-supply 2QRIIVZLWFK RK 795 017-AA
0RXQWLQJGHWDLOVZLWK,3SURWHFWLRQIURPWKHIURQW
19” rack mounting kit ´UDFN 1MRK 000 020-BR
Wall mounting kit :DOO 1MRK 000 020-DA
Flush mounting kit )OXVK 1MRK 000 020-Y
Semiflush mounting kit 6HPLIOXVK 1MRK 000 020-BS
Additional seal for IP54 protection of flush and semiflush 1MKC 980 001-2
mounted terminals ,3
$FFHVVRULHV
3URWHFWLRQFRYHU
Cover for rear area including fixing
screws and assembly instruction 6U, 1/2 x 19” 1MRK 000 020-AC
0RXQWLQJNLWV
Side-by-side mounting kit 6LGHE\VLGH 1MRK 000 020-Z
&RQYHUWHUV
21-15X: Optical/electrical converter for short range fibre 1MRK 001 295-CA
optical module V.36 (supply 48-110 VDC) ;
21-16X: Optical/electrical converter for short range fibre 1MRK 001 295-DA
optical module X.21/G 703 (supply 48-110 VDC)
;
.H\VZLWFK
Key switch for restriction of settings via LCD- Quantity: 1MRK 000 611-A
HMI .H\VZLWFK
)URQWFRQQHFWLRQFDEOH
Front connection cable between LCD-HMI Quantity: 1MKC 950 001-2
and PC for terminal handling (Opto/9-pole D-
sub) )URQWFRQQHFWLRQFDEOH
Page 49
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2QH&'ZLWKDOOVHULHVPDQXDOVLVDOZD\VGHOLYHUHGZLWKHDFKWHUPLQDO
5XOH6SHFLI\WKHQXPEHURIH[WUD&'¶VUHTXHVWHG
User documentation CD-ROM REx 5xx, RET Quantity: 1MRK 002 270-AA
521, RED 521 (DOC-CD)
5XOH6SHFLI\WKHQXPEHURISULQWHGPDQXDOVUHTXHVWHG
Operator’s manual Quantity: 1MRK 506 201-UEN
Technical reference manual Quantity: 1MRK 506 202-UEN
Installation and commissioning manual Quantity: 1MRK 506 203-UEN
Application manual Quantity: 1MRK 506 204-UEN
&XVWRPHUIHHGEDFN
For our reference and statistics we would be pleased to be provided with the following applica-
tion data:
Country: End user:
Station name: Voltage level: kV
5HODWHGGRFXPHQWV
7HFKQLFDORYHUYLHZEURFKXUH
Accessories for REx 5xx*2.3 1MRK 514 009-BEN
CAP 540*1.2 1MRK 511 112-BEN
0DQXIDFWXUHU
$%%$XWRPDWLRQ7HFKQRORJ\3URGXFWV$%
Substation Automation
SE-721 59 Västerås
Sweden
Telephone: +46 (0) 21 34 20 00
Facsimile: +46 (0) 21 14 69 18
Internet: www.abb.com/substationautomation
Page 50

1MRK506200-BEN en Protect IT Line Distance Protection For Impedance Earthed Systems REL 511-C2 2.5

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3URWHFW,7 /LQHGLVWDQFH 5(/&

)XQFWLRQV • Line distance - Time delayed undervoltage protection

- Two step time delayed directional phase • Monitoring

Serial data communication is via optical con-

3ODWIRUP $SSOLFDWLRQ kits are available for rack, flush, semiflush or

&RPPRQ 'HVFULSWLRQ )RXUSDUDPHWHUVHWWLQJJURXSV

The internal clock is used for time-tagging $1'IXQFWLRQEORFN $1'

6HWUHVHWZLWKPHPRU\IXQFWLRQEORFN 60 The event function blocks EV01-EV06 have

/LQHGLVWDQFH *HQHUDOIDXOWFULWHULDLPSHG elements for low load impedances, yet at the

The distance protection zones can operate,

The additional distance protection zones four

Voltage polarization for directional measure-

The distance protection function blocks are

Impedance locus at power swing

Figure 4: Operating principle and characteristic of the PSD function

6FKHPHFRPPXQLFDWLRQORJLF operation of the distance protection on the

&XUUHQW 7ZRVWHSWLPHGHOD\HGQRQ disturbances and dc components and mini-

7ZRVWHSWLPHGHOD\HGGLUHF (RCA) and operate angle are settable in wide

9ROWDJH 7LPHGHOD\HGXQGHUYROWDJH ment and its insulation against overvoltage by

3RZHUV\VWHP 'HDGOLQHGHWHFWLRQ '/' voltages of a protected power line. The line is

6HFRQGDU\ )XVHIDLOXUHVXSHUYLVLRQ )86( ously measures the negative sequence voltage

&RQWURO 6\QFKURFKHFNDQG output is only given when the actual mea-

/RJLF 7ULSSLQJORJLF 75 )XQFWLRQDOLW\

)XQFWLRQDOLW\ The ‘fast’ connections to and from the HSBO

0RQLWRULQJ 'LVWXUEDQFHUHSRUW '53 ,QGLFDWLRQV

A triggered report cycle is indicated by the 'LVWXUEDQFHUHFRUGHU '5

)XQFWLRQDOLW\ lists the changes in status in chronological

'DWD 6HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQ functionalities regarding monitoring and set-

6HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQ63$ SPA communication is applied when using

• Event handling library LIB 520 together with MicroSCADA

Figure 5: Front connection cable

3RZHUVXSSO\PRGXOH 360 • Phase currents

)XQFWLRQDOLW\ I/O events are time stamped locally on each

output or any signalling purpose when a large

5HDG\ 6WDUW 7ULS

1. Status indication LEDs

Figure 7: The LCD-HMI module

Figure 9: Case without rear cover with 19” rack

&DVHVL]H $ % & ' ( ) * + - .

Figure 12:Case with rear cover

&DVHVL]H $ % & ' ( ) * + , - .

Figure 13:Flush mounting of side by side cases

Figure 14:Wall mounting

&DVHVL]H PP $ % & ' (

Figure 15:Hardware structure of the 1/2 of full width 19” case

Ir=0.1, 0.5, 1 or 5 A for I5

< 0.02 Va at Ir = 0.1 or 0.5 A

3.0 x Ur phase-earth, for 1 s

4XDQWLW\ 5DWHGYDOXH 1RPLQDOUDQJH

Operative range -25 °C to +55°C

Operative range 0%-95%

7HVW 7\SHWHVWYDOXHV 5HIHUHQFHVWDQGDUGV

Single phase and/or three phase

Setting accuracy Included in the measuring accuracy

3DUDPHWHU 6HWWLQJUDQJH $FFXUDF\

)XQFWLRQ 6HWWLQJUDQJH $FFXUDF\

Dynamic overreach at τ< 100 ms <5%

Very inverse characteristic IEC 60255-3 class 7.5

Extremely inverse characteris- IEC 60255-3 class 7.5

3URWHFW,7 /LQHGLVWDQFH 5(/&

The internal clock is used for time-tagging $1'IXQFWLRQEORFN$1'

6HWUHVHWZLWKPHPRU\IXQFWLRQEORFN60 The event function blocks EV01-EV06 have

/LQHGLVWDQFH *HQHUDOIDXOWFULWHULDLPSHG elements for low load impedances, yet at the

&XUUHQW 7ZRVWHSWLPHGHOD\HGQRQ disturbances and dc components and mini-

7ZRVWHSWLPHGHOD\HGGLUHF (RCA) and operate angle are settable in wide

3RZHUV\VWHP 'HDGOLQHGHWHFWLRQ'/' voltages of a protected power line. The line is

6HFRQGDU\ )XVHIDLOXUHVXSHUYLVLRQ)86( ously measures the negative sequence voltage

/RJLF 7ULSSLQJORJLF75 )XQFWLRQDOLW\

0RQLWRULQJ 'LVWXUEDQFHUHSRUW'53 ,QGLFDWLRQV

A triggered report cycle is indicated by the 'LVWXUEDQFHUHFRUGHU'5

6HULDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQ63$ SPA communication is applied when using

3RZHUVXSSO\PRGXOH360 • Phase currents

&DVHVL]HPP $ % & ' (

7DEOH 0HDQYDOXHV$&PRQLWRULQJ

1RWH$X[LOLDU\GFYROWDJH(/FRQQHFWHGWRWKHSRZHUVXSSO\PRGXOHLV9