EasyChair Preprint

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Review and Comparative Studies on Mobile

Operating System

Hafsa Riasat, Tahira Batool and Sidra Iqbal

EasyChair preprints are intended for rapid

dissemination of research results and are
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September 22, 2022

 Review and comparative studies on mobile Operating system

Hafsa Riasat Tahira batool Sidra Iqbal

Department of Computer Science
Department of Computer Science Department of computer science
Superior university Lahore
The University of Lahore, COMSATS University Islamabad
Lahore, Pakistan
Lahore, Pakistan
Email:[email protected]
Email:[email protected] Sahiwal, Pakistan
Email: [email protected]

Abstract-Smartphones are the substantially commonly used device in and events is endless. The reason for this is that a massive
this era everyone on this earth has a smartphone and they use it to transformation is taking place because mobile phones are now not
perform daily tasks like using different applications and socializing. only the usual communication devices before. Smartphones are
Smartphones are portable devices with the latest technology so users gradually replacing personal computers. Smartphones can provide
can easily keep them instead of having a PC or laptop. An OS users with many services, just like traditional personal computers.
(operating system) is an extremely common factor that helps devices to Besides, smartphones also provide users with a wide range of
work because it acts as the agent between the operator and the functions, such as personal records storage, financial transactions,
hardware. There are numerous operating systems existing for mobile online actions of government services, and web browsing. Due to
phones and they are providing different features. There are different these causes and the causes mentioned in the sales of smartphones, it
gains and losses of mobile phone operating systems. All diverse has achieved a high record worldwide. [27]
operating systems hold different market shares and companies are The continuous growth of innovative technologies and interfaces has
trying to provide new features to their clients as well. The objective of led to the development of the mobile industry. Mobile consumers
this analysis is to accomplish a comparative study on divergent have moved from their elementary phones to smartphone technology.
operating systems utilized in smartphones and their different features. Today, industrialists are tapping this prospective market. It can be
The furthermost generally adopted operating systems are iOS by seen that the company is emerging an operating system for target
Apple, Android by Google, and windows phone by Microsoft. The customers, aiming to provide customers with unique and competitive
smartphones operating systems that are peak commonly in use are iOS features and user interfaces [11]. All of this is possible due to the
(Apple) and Android(Google) as they are the marathons but android innovation of mobile operating systems.
is seen as the greatest used operating systemin smartphones due to its OS is the software liable for the supervision of computer hardware
rich features. In this article common mobile operating systems are coed and software resources and providing extensive service area for
on the basis of different available features. computerprograms. OS is the basic module of the system software in
Keywords: Operating system, smartphones, Mobile, android, iOS, a computer system. Applications often involve an operating system
Windows to run [19] There are many types of operating systems running
nowadays e.g. multi-user, multi-thread, multi-processing, real-time,
multi-task, and general-purpose operating systems [24].
I. INTRODUCTION The operating system is held responsible for providing interfaces
New technologies are developing every year to grow the industry and between all the software and hardware components of the system and
different industries provide new features to their clients [1]. Now, acts as a platform through which humans can interact with mobile
mobile phones have greater penetration in the lives of ordinary phones [4]. Operating systems control mobile devices with OS such
people and can serve as an important tool for marketers and a as Windows or Linux, which are console computers. It could be run
platform for mobile marketing communication [8]. Today, the use of on mobile devices, e.g. mobile phones, smartphones, PDAs, and
mobile phones can be compared with computers. Modern mobile handheld computers [24]. With the increasing enthusiasm of
phones have all the functions that computers have. It has become an customers for mobile phones, we often feel confused when choosing
enormous concern for individuals and businesses. Following the the best mobile phone in their minds. Hundreds of brands have
success of desktop computers and portable computers, the latest different operating systems that can provide customers with
market trends indicate that the use of smartphones that can perform numerous functions. We see that various mobile companies provide
most of the computing tasks that personal computers can perform on different mobile operating systems with different functions in terms
their own is rapidly increasing. It changed the way of doing business of competitive advantage [1]. Mobile operating systems manage the
[23]. People used to go to the bank or office to do their tasks, but now hardware and software of mobile devices, similar to computer
they can easily complete it with their mobile phone. It can be seen operating systems. The previous mobile operating systems were
that in the past few years, wireless technology has been highly simple because they supported limited mobile phone functions. Now,
developed. As the performance and capacity of wireless a mobile operating system is a kind of software that provides an
communication systems increase exponentially, information can be environment in which mobile device users can execute applications
easily accessed using mobile devices [29]. In the past few decades, conveniently and efficiently [32]. Mobile OS has undergone the same
smartphones have changed our lives in ways far beyond what the development as mobile phones and is now the most important part of
media has experienced before. Mobile phones have become a separating mobile functions from each other. In recent times, mobile
necessity for many people all over the world. Smartphones are very OS is gaining remarkable growth. Analysts are optimistic about more
important and useful communication tools for people of all ages. potential progress in the coming times. In today's market, mobile
Almost one in two adults owns a smartphone, and in developed phones of various brands have different operating systems [35]. Until
countries, this proportion has risen to two-thirds. Nowadays, many 1992, Mobile OS was an implanted system. The preliminary stage of
people spend more than 5 hours on these devices every day [33]. the smartphone Mobile OS is applied to Palm's top equipment such as
Smartphones have been fully integrated into our lives [37]. It is PDA. By 2000, Symbian became the foremost modern mobile OS on
undeniable that the prominence of mobile phones in our daily lives smartphones. By 2002, BlackBerry had welded the smartphone field.
It was not until 2007 that Symbian was widely welcomed by people.
It was a mobile OS before Apple and Google launched their normative model should be developed and evaluated
particular versions of Mobile OS [8]. Smartphone vendors build to take this into account, it is thought that the structure
special operating systems for their products [27]. presented here offers a valuable platform for creating a
There are many types of mobile phone operating systems, such as much richer understanding of tourism experience and
Apple iOS, BlackBerry OS, Nokia's Symbian, Google Android, and mobile technologies [37].
Microsoft Windows Phone OS. Most of them are open-source The Mobile Phone is now the safest computer to
programmable programs [2]. Now we can connect with anyone operate on for improved connectivity and contact. But
anywhere in the world. We can also use these portable devices to the entire handset is built with the latest trends [38] in
access the Internet. All of these use unique operating systems to mind. Mohanad Ali Meteab Al-Obaidi and others have
provide users with what they want. The most popular companies that researched the need to know the types of operating
are committed to improving the user’s smartphone experience are systems before understanding the functionality and
Google, Samsung, Microsoft, Apple, and Nokia. All smartphones that characteristics of mobile programming languages
exist today use a certain technology and provide multiple functions. since a programming language is consistent with an
These functions vary depending on the operating system used in a operating system. The operating system and the types
particular smartphone [4]. of mobile application programming languages will be
During the operation of the smartphone, the mobile phone operating addressed on this basis since each type of operating
system is always running, because it runs and manages all the system has its compatible programming language.
components, programs, and applications common to the smartphone Mobile operating systems are known as platforms for
[2]. mobile operators. There are various kinds of operating
Android is a mobile OS centered on the Linux kernel, presently systems for mobile phones (such as Apple iOS,
established by Google Inc., with a user interface based on direct Google Android, BlackBerry OS, Symbian for Nokia,
manipulation. Android is mainly deliberate for touch screen mobile and Microsoft Windows Phone OS). Many of them are
devices such as tablets smartphones and has a user interface programmable programs that are open access [2].
dedicated to Android TV, Android Auto, and wristband Android Two concentration indexes, the Hirschman-
Wear. The touch input used by the operating system roughly Herfindahl Index and the Four-Firm Concentration
corresponds to the actions in the real world, such as sliding, tapping, Ratio were analyzed to study the demand for mobile
and manipulate objects on the screen, and a virtual keyboard [19]. operating systems. Their growth in the period 2007-
Android is the first open-source, Linux-based modern mobile phone 2015 demonstrates that, since then, tight ownership
platform. In android, whenever a user wants to install any has been a hallmark of this sector. A fall in HHI
application, first provide its description and permission request list so around 2011 marks the transition from Symbian's
that it can be reviewed before installing or canceling the installation. supremacy to Android's present dominance. At
If he or she finds that the license is too many or offensive, it is an present, over 99 percent of new computers are
installation [26] equipped with the four dominant operating systems.
iPhone iOS is a mobile OS established by Apple Inc. for mobile However, the emerging holding is highly imbalanced,
devices produced by Apple. The operating system was originally as Android alone holds a share in the latest
established for the iPhone and far along expanded to be executed on smartphone market of more than 80 percent [3]. The
other Apple devices such as iPod, iPad, and Apple TV [30]. In research states that it is assumed that the ever-growing
addition to buttons with different shapes, the iOS application system dependency on smartphones is still increasing.
also relies on a multi-touch system. Its main feature is its closed Android and iOS, however, are said to be the leading
source code with open source components and the operating system smartphone operating systems due to their distinctive
is relatively stable and secure error[2]. offerings in every aspect [4]. The article suggests that,
The Windows Mobile operating system was established by Microsoft unlike consumers in the developing world, the public
Corporation for use in smartphones and mobile devices [29]. from states with a high HD index continues to usage
Windows Phone OS is the successor to the Windows Mobile smartphones built by Apple Inc. Androids marketed
platform, which is based on the Windows CE kernel and started with and used in developed markets in emerging countries
the operating system Pocket PC 2000 [30]. The smartphones that are are not in the equivalent price range as Androids.
most common Android, iOS Windows mobile, and are Blueberry. Androids are built for the middle class and clash with
The fast and increasing number of smartphones Google Play iPhones in the high-middle or luxury class. Androids
applications and Apple stores have facilitated and facilitated Impelled use the same apps which are well built to provide
tech practitioners to help develop applications to succeed in the decent features for photo/video production. Further
markets, consistency [31]. study will concentrate on identifying the causes for
cultural, economic, and social variations in the
II. LITERATURES SURVEY purchasing behavior of smartphones[7].
Teena Bagga, Aparna Goyal, and Sanjeev Bansal
There are so many smartphones in use these days. The prove that, when they team up with other smartphones
findings indicate that the multiple applications of OSs, the Android ought to be wary about all the
smartphones in daily life are correlated with distinct forthcoming rivalry it might get from branded phone
expectations of smartphone capabilities. To establish producers. Google could operate harder in delivering
new data collection and analytical systems through its smartphone solution to the marketplace or face
different networks and different environments, losing share to the growing success of iOS and
researchers should relate this to the principle of "big Windows. The standard course of action for most cell
data" (e.g., everyday living and travel). Besides, to phone vendors is the desired user features of mobile
truly appreciate the true nature of daily use of the phones together with the smartphone brand and
smartphone and its effect on the tourism experience, a mobile OS brand at a reasonable price point. Mobile
OS, such as Windows, can work harder on creating vendors are working on these security holes, a new
tailored applications to fit the application level threat is added every day which leaves the device
required for mobile OS, such as Android. susceptible to attackers. Any countermeasures have to
Device manufacturers need to recognize the value of be taken to reduce these attacks by way of device
mobile OS on their handset, which in many age groups weakness [20]. A robust functional overview of the
and qualification groups is perceived to be an key mobile-based collaboration operating system is
influencing purchasing factor and encourage their provided in this article. Android is greatly advanced in
mobile OS, if not established, then make their collaboration functionality, but the concern is that
approach to mobile phone features. By making them stability is lacking. IOS solves the security dilemma
mindful of the mobile OS brand and how women can on its own, but through third-party applications, it
tailor it to their needs, mobile manufacturers and takes care of the users' collaborative needs. The
mobile OS makers alike can draw more female mobile mobile OS based on Windows 7 is still well advanced
users. Android can need to strive to promote the speed in graphical user interface features, but it lacks the
of processing between different ages. Results reveal robust interactive features of the mobile OS that are
that consumers are increasingly moving from the hallmarks of today's smartphones [23].
conventional Symbian mobile OS to a further user- Researcher Vikas Kuchhalit and others note that most
friendly GUI, there is a strong indication of the telecom firms use the Symbian operating system.
revolution in the mobile phone sector. Indian Symbian provides greater utilization of memory than
consumers can pay “Rs. 10,000 to Rs. 20,000”. The the three other operating systems. The Windows
look and sound of the phone is still a significant factor Mobile System is greater than the other three
for them, along with functionality, but the notion of operating systems in terms of download space. It is
loyalty to mobile handsets is dwindling. The notion of easy to write the code for the Symbian operating
devotion is not restricted to the cell phone arena, system since its source code is available in the
which also includes the mobile OS. Less than 30 common language C++ [24].
percent will stick with their current smartphone OS as During the fourth quarter of 2014, we find from
per the results. Some major variations have arisen in competitive research and market share analysis that
the sample when considering the demographic Android and Windows Phones are superior to other
expectations of controlling variables in mobile buying OSs. Android collects 80.7 percent and is today the
choices, which can provide a marketer with experience world's best mobile OS. We may use it as an
and comprehension of what offering is to be given to instructional platform as well. The consumer can
whom [8]. conveniently run third-party software from marketsand
The study indicates that Tizen OS was found to be the also from insecure sources due to Android as an open-
most powerful mobile operating system of the three source operating system. As a consequence, it has more
well-thought-out in terms of dependability of the core or fewer weaknesses that lead to malware attacks such
modules and components during the implementation as viruses, worms, spyware, adware, and Trojan horses.
of the technique to the mobile OS. In terms of the rate Thus, before downloading an update, we suggest
at which errors are observed, Cyanogen Mod is the detecting malware as well as contrasting Linux, iOS,
lowest-performing Iso. Sailfish does best in terms of Symbian, Blackberry, Windows Phone, WebOS,
the potential to find glitches [9]. In the essay, Hadeel Ubuntu, and Firefox Mobile OS in terms of security
Tariq Al-Rayes discusses Android as an open-source [26].
operating system established by Android, Inc., which Android took the lead and dominated the two-race iOS
is now kept by Google, Inc. while Linux has been revenue. This may be clarified by characteristics
industrialized by Linus Torvalds and several others as different than the defense. Android is not narrow to a
an open-source operating system under the GNU single handset, it is the operating system for multiple
project. Android is designed for devices and the first one to be sold (Samsung devices)
desktops/laptops/servers, while Linux is established is equivalent to iOS that only runs on Apple devices.
for handheld Internet computers and mobile phones. The Android paradigm is firmly dependent on the
The Android operating system has its own C library, permission-based framework and other frameworks
called Bionic, while the GNU C library is used for hereditary from Android elements, such as the Java
Linux systems. The Android systems use nonvolatile language and its core OS, i.e. On Linux. IOS appears
storage as a replacement for exhausting drives to be better than Linux, but the latter is struggling to
whereas the typical Linux systems use magnetic keep up with the current upgrading. The war against
drives. The Android systems have their power extortions is seen more like a real obstacle for Android
manager although the Linux systems use APM and than for iOS. The high proportion of malicious products
ACPI to manage the power [17]. The study shows that attacking Android is even higher than the iOS hack.
the security holes, loopholes, or vulnerabilities are one The wide use of Android smartphones in the world and
of the same things which can be proven as a threat to the transparency aspect may explain this. For Android,
each Smartphone operating system that is involved the accessibility of solutions and anti- malware
today. The study reveals that one of the same items products is better than for iOS. Both of the two scores
that can be proven as a challenge to each Mobile in the contrast was won by iOS. Finally, Android is the
operating system that is involved today is security precursor in the market competitiveness race, but the
flaws, bugs, or weaknesses. Such security risks can be stockholders of Android's inventions should make
minimized to cease to exist, although certain counter- further security efforts to continue pre- running
measures can minimize them. While numerous OS because iOS remains a strong strategic
competitor and has a primary priority on the now becoming the strongest. You will use all Google
introduction of security technology [27]. services using one operating system, namely
The author states that Android's percentage market "Android." Its capabilities are quickly supplemented
share is 81.3 percent, Apple iOS 13.4 percent,Microsoft by Android models. So most of the users prefer Android
Windows Phone 4.1 percent, Blackberry 1 percent, and mobile phones, and it is the best OS of all other OS like
Apple iOS 7 has huge amounts of new features to make windows, iOS. iOS 4.4, the most common version of
your iPhone, iPad feel shiny and renewed all over Android, is (kitkat). Android provides the framework
again. Apple is making every attempt to make iOS 7 a with stability, but IT also has security
solid update to an impressive OS and to keep up with restrictions [36].
industry competition. Google Android Table 1 shows us comparision of basic mobile
4.4 KitKat OS is the finest mobile or smartphone OS operating systems.
in the world currently and 81.3 percent of consumers
use Android 4.4 KitKat OS from the market share
survey during December 2013. Microsoft plans to Table 1 comparind mobile Os
announce Windows 9, which is the latest edition of
Windows Update. Microsoft announced that this Year Latest Market App Main
latest version of Windows would be released Operating Developer
version share store languages
very soon in April 2015. This latest Window 9 systems
operating system will follow all the faults of
Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 recently launched
and add a range of new features to make easier
usage of the OS [28]. Google Android Play Java
Android
The writers say that Apple and Android have 2008 11 84.8% store
appreciably begun in the industry. The armies of Inc.
software developers who produce mobile apps are
vital to the future of this market's expansion, and
the development of mobile device stores. iOS Apple Inc. 2007 iOS App Objective-
14.4 15.2% store C /Swift
Ecosystems that will allow access to content and
applications through devices are already being 2010 Window 0.4 Windows C#
developed or allowed by the most sophisticated Windows Microsoft
8.1 phone
competitors [29]. Android OS, about 70 percent Phone OS Co. store
worldwide, has the bulk of the marketplace share,
while Apple has the highest share of the
benefit. Apple's operating system is also the first in the
Android vs iOS vs WP cost-effectiveness series. The .
volume, as well as the quality demands from official VII Methodology
shops, are other important aspects. The absenteeism of In order to undertake an ethical hacking review, which is the purpose
software associated with iOS OS and Android OS is of this report, we performed an SLR according to the methods
Windows Phone OS. IOs varies primarily from Android suggested by Kitchen Ham and Charters. This approach consists of:
and Windows Phone in that both the operating system arranging, executing, and reporting phases in which there are many
and the end software are developed and operated by the stages in each process. It consists of three levels.
same company, Apple, and since there is no license to 3.1 Planning/organization
run the iOS operating system on hardware products that As mentioned in the above overview, the preparation process began by
are not manufactured by Apple, you cannot get an iOS defining the need for this analysis, as well as setting the targets to be
operating system to operate on another computer. This reached. We determined the key goal of the analysis in this process
is a drawback, as this OS is not portable on other and carried out the following tasks that clarified each move in detail.
companies' handheld devices [30]. The research paper 3.1.1 Recognition of the necessity for a review
reveals that almost 10 years ago, Symbian was the We identified in Step 1 that there was no proper SLR in the area of
dominant operating system; its flaws contributed to the mobile operating system. The aim of this SLR is to explain and
transition to Linux,iOS, Blackberry OS, and Windows summarize the ccomparative study of mobile operating systems
mobile. It is also the most used OS in the world, as .Determining that mobile operating system is crucial. Any of this is
Android will run on all smartphones. Java ME is the useful for future studies. Therefore, due to the findings of the previous
leading environment for apps operating on mobile tests, we calculated the need to execute an SLR.
devices, but since it doesn't have layers of 3.1.2 Indicate the research question(s)
sophistication, Qt gets more attention as days pass. The overarching aim of this SLR is to identify and review studies
Select an apt and stable smartphone OS. When selecting relating to ethical hacking principles conducted between 2012-2020.
the operating system based on their working design or To attain a more accurate and systematic view of this subject, the
personal preferences, programs have certain priority foremost objective was divided into succeeding research issue. This
characteristics. It's user-friendly, high security, skilled analysis clearly needs to keep the door open for potential updates.
gestures, different skills, official events, entertainment, In order to achieve the objective of this analysis, four key questions
scan, news, etc. [35]. were described as follows:
The researcher says that of all the other smartphone RQ1: What is the significance of mobile operating system?
operating systems, the Android operating system is
RQ2: What are the different features in mobile operating system to  Papers which elaborate mobile operating system.
make it standout?  Papers that the discusses features in mobile operating
RQ3: Which mobile operating system in mostly utilized theses days? system
 Reports discuss the mostly utilized mobile operating
3.1.3 Recognizing the appropriate bibliographic databases system .
The available digital libraries were scanned for the appropriate
The investigator conducted a manual check of the search string
papers as per the research questions: Google Scholar, Science Direct,
IEEExplore Digital Library, ACM and Springer. The foremost results and found that advanced settings such as IEEExplore were
required for some of the online databases. The researcher wants to
motive for choosing these digital reference libraries were; they
apply to the search string alternate terms and phrases.
accumulate studies associated to the fields of computer science and
technology they index articles from numerous publication channels The requirements for inclusion and omission for this SLR are based
like journals, conferences, books and workshops. In this article, the on study questions.It is important to identify inclusion and exclusion
requirements in order to choose only appropriate documents. As
explorations were narrow to articles published in the 2005-2021
follows, the inclusion conditions are:
journal and conference proceedings.
 In English, all articles must be written.
 From 2012 to 2020, all articles must be written.
 All records must concentrate on mobile operating system
and its categories.

Before being considered for the next step, each of the papers is
screened into exclusion criteria. For this SLR, the exclusion
requirements are as follows:
Articles which have not been written in English.
• Duplicate areas of study.
 Papers that comprehend only opinion pieces, perspectives,
studies on development or partial findings.
• Articles with fewer than three pages.
 Papers that do not report any scientific analysis in their
study.

3.2.2 Quality assessment

Quality testing is typically designed to evaluate appropriate and
impartial research. Therefore, in order to refine our search results and
ascertain the relevance and rigorousness of the applicant papers, we
determined more or less of the quality assessment metrics. As
follows, the questionnaires for quality evaluation is based on other
SLRs
i. Are the research's objectives and priorities explicitly
stated?
ii. Is the research design clearly specified? Yes/no/partial.
iii. Have the researcher(s) properly carried out the process of
data collection? Yes/no/partial
Figure 1 SLR steps and events iv. Did the researcher(s) have adequate evidence to confirm
their outcomes and conclusions? Yes/no/partial
v. Does the experiment require comparing other techniques?
yes/no
3.2 Conducting the evaluation
The massive coverage can be generated by the search string, but it is
a fair scale. Consequently, the key words matching the study
questions were extracted for the fortitude of the search string and the
synonyms linked to the main terms were identified. To merge
alternative meanings, the Boolean OR was used and the Boolean
AND was used to connect the key pieces. The entire search string
collection was planned as follows:
(("operating" AND "system") OR "OS") OR ("smartphones" AND
"os in smartphones") OR ("mobile OS " AND "Types of mobile os")
OR ("Andriod OS" AND "i OS") OR ("Windows phone" AND
“features in mobile os")
3.2.1 Range of study
We revised the paper's abstract, introduction and conclusion/finish.
We picked those that were written in English among the papers
received and that fulfilled minimally one of the following measures:
Studies should elaborate distinction between hackers and legal
hacking.
 Android 4.4 kitkat has many updated features, such as full-screen
album art, improved multitasking, calling, messaging, productivity,
performance, email, immersive mode wireless printing, and priority
contact, improved caller ID, integrated SMS, MMS and Emoji
keyboard on Google.
 Full screen album cover
 call
 Messaging
 Productive forces
 Improved multitasking performance
 Wireless printing
 Email
 Emoji on the Google keyboard [28]
Android Applications
Although Android technology is more and more widely
used on various devices, the most common hardware that
uses this platform is a mobile phone. A large number of
developers regularly write applications for Android
smartphones, including games, social networks and
business modules. There are a variety of free Android apps,
including games and productivity titles, and paid apps are
3.2.3 Data extraction and synthesis more common. Thousands of developers have used
A data extraction procedure was introduced to answer the research Android technology because it can be downloaded for free,
questions in order to gather the appropriate data from the chosen which provides software developers with the opportunity to
documents. sell their works to consumers [1]. The android application
RQ1: To response this research question significance of mobile os is is at the top of the Android software stack. These include
identified. native applications and third-party applications. Native
RQ2: Is there diverse features in mobile operating system to make it apps provide basic Android implementations, such as SMS
standout? client apps, dialers, web browsers and contact managers.
RQ3. To answer this question, mobile operating system use need to Developers and programmers will further install third-party
be identify? applications during debugging/testing and after users
To synthesize the collected data and to address the study purchase equipment [26].
questions, various techniques were active. A narrative Reliability and security:
synthesis approach was used entirely to address research
Android is a well-known operating system, developed by the Open
questions. In addition, based on research concerns,
visualization techniques were applied Mobile Alliance led by Google, and a competitive mobile operating
system. It is a well-known fact that Android is an open-source OS.
Features of mobile devices: Both parties talked about the details of Android's security features.
Currently, the usage rate of mobile phones is high, and the same Security features include:
expectations are also high. Many daily activities have been replaced by  request for access
personal computers and mobile devices, so the corresponding user
 Component protection
expectations have also increased. The following are features that are
highly used by mobile devices.  Signed application
 Search Information  Memory Management Unit
 Visit social networks  Type safety
 Access to local information and services Finally, Android OS inherits the security of Linux. Inheriting two basic
 Search for videos mechanisms, you can port the operating system interface (POSIX),
 visit website which creates a sandbox to protect different applications from conflicts
 Entertainment and interleaving.
 Shopping IOS APPLICATIONS
 Wifi, Bluetooth and GPS connection App Store is a digital distribution platform for mobile applications
 Travel information. developed and maintained by Apple for iOS OS. With the App Store,
ANDROID users can browse and download applications developed using the
Android is mainly designed for touch screen mobile devices, such as Apple iOS OS SDK. The application can be downloaded directly to a
smartphones and tablets. Computer with dedicated user interface for
device or personal computer with an iOS operating system. The App
Android TV, Android Auto and Android Wear. The touch input used
by the operating system corresponds to real-world actions, such as Store contains many high-quality apps, which are usually worth the
sliding, tapping, pinching, and reverse pinching to manipulate objects money. As of February 1, 2015, the App Store has more than 1.4
on the screen and virtual keyboard [19] million applications and more than 75 billion downloads. In view of its
Features features, the iOS operating system is one of the success factors of
 Major mobile security measures need to be taken in mobile operating
the iPhone in the global market. The competitor of iOS is the Android
systems.
operating system provided by Google [30]. Each iOS application is
 Authorization
actually composed of one/multiple threads. Each application starts
 Equipment management
with only one thread, and this thread has the obligation to run the main
 Identity and access management.
functions of the application, but the application may have an additional
 Data management
thread to perform very specific functions [32].
 recording
FEATURES Windows OS:
 Personnel and facility management
The Windows 9 operating system will be a meaningful notification that
 Network access control
can be started multiple times, etc. Microsoft will focus on the needs of  Software verification
Windows users, Windows Phone, and Xbox.  Patch management
 Restored start menu When choosing operating system-based mobile, consumers can verify
 Extended battery life that the required security features are available on their devices. Device
 Improved synchronization between Windows management includes operating system configuration, software
 Metro application in window mode [28] patches, data management, etc. User-based access activities must be
enabled [35].
Features of Windows Mobile:
 It includes functions such as the current date, time and email
Android vs iOS:
to be displayed on the screen. Compared with iOS, Google has adopted a different strategy. InGoogle
 It includes ICS (Internet Connection Sharing) function, Market, the supervision of content and applications is not strict, and
which allows connected computers to share Internet sometimes it may lead to failure. It also creates a positive competitive
connections via USB and Bluetooth. environment and provides opportunities to get more applications and
 With multi-tasking capabilities. choose among them. However, Google also providesa 30% application
 It also includes the function of the file system. commission for third-party providers [7]. For every consumer,
 It includes the function of MIDI (software for ringtones) Android is universal, cheap and reasonably priced. Due to different
[24]. manufacturers, the Android smartphone product line has become quite
Security: Windows operating system mainly pays attention to devise extensive. The spread of innovation on Android is different from that
encryption, data encryption, data leakage prevention, and digital of the iPhone. Smartphone price categories, technical parameters, and
signatures. manufacturers are also different. The usual cheap basic models are
Device encryption: Complete internal storage encryption to protect customized for low- and middle-income consumers. [7].
information. It is built on the Windows BitLocker architecture.
Data encryption: It helps provide privacy and authentication between Overall comparison general:
two communicating parties that have exchanged shared secrets. From comparative analysis and market share analysis during the fourth
Data Leak Prevention (DLP): Information Rights Management (IRM) quarter of 2014, we have found that Android and Windows Phones are
helps prevent intellectual property leakage. It helps protect emails superior to others OS. Android gets 80.7% and is the best “Smartphone
and documents on the phone from unauthorized distribution. [35] OS in the world today. We can also use it as an Educational tool. Due
to android as an open-source operating system, the user can easily
ISSUES:
install third-party applications from markets and even from unreliable
There are some prerequisites for clients that require Windows and sources. Due to this, it has some limitations which lead to malware
cannot make up for wasting time. The following issues are documented attacks like viruses, worms, spyware, adware, and Trojan horse [26].
below: Results :
 The chicken and egg problem, where limited key The findings discuss three basic types of operating systems that are
applications attract fewer users, and developers are hardly widely used: Android, iOS, and Windows. With the support of the
world's largest App store, iOS offers a wide range of functionalities
interested in development with limited or no users.
needed in everyday life, making it a simple choice for customers.
 The number of potential customers is limited. It used to be Android, on the other hand, has a faster-growing App Store and
Nokia, but now it is HTC and Microsoft, but it is necessary already has the largest App Stores to provide a plethora of routine
to provide obvious potential customers. apps. When it comes to user convenience, iOS has a very user-
 Although Windows is still struggling to stand out in the friendly interface, making it a popular choice among users. Android,
market, Android and IOS have established their own on the other hand, isn't far behind. As a customer, price is the most
important consideration for everyone. In terms of costs, Apple is
characteristics in the market.
much more costly than Android and Windows. Android, on the other
 Although Windows Phone has performed well in the low- hand, has a range of models that are supported for both low-cost and
end market, it has gradually proven that it is a low-end stage, high-end smartphones. Making it more approachable to people from
which will further limit the requirements of its designers. all walks of life. But now things are changing. Android is quickly
gaining popularity as the smartphone user's pulse.
SECURITY MEASURES NEED TO BE ACCOUNTED IN OS:
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