SeWAGE DISPOSAL

S E W A G E
D I S P O S A L
URBAN PLANNING
GROUP MEMBERS -
ANUPRITA HADKE
ARJITA SHAHU
LULUA MASTER
MANALI MANOJ GHATE
SWARAJ MAHAJAN
INTRODUCTION:
Sewage is disposed of in several ways, mainly two: removal in a waterborne
sewer systems (sewerage) or disposed via an on-site sanitation system (pit
latrines or septic tanks) . The former has become standard practice in built-up
areas, most cities and industrial complexes.
Sewage is the mixture of water and whatever wastes that contains some ions,
solid wastes or harmful bacteria from the domestic and industry wastes .
Removal in a waterborne sewer systems (sewerage) On-Site Sanitation System

DEFINATION:
The process of removing and destroying or converting the noxious substances of sewage especially by ammonification
and nitrification through bacterial action .
Sewage is the mixture of water and whatever wastes that contains some ions, solid wastes or harmful bacteria from
the domestic and industry wastes .
PROBLEMS:
Sewage is the term used for wastewater than often contain feces, urine
and laundry waste.
The private and public sewer lines are cracked.
Sewage disposal is the major problem in developing countries as many people in these areas don’t have
access to sanitary conditions and clean water.
Overflow ,spill or release of raw or partially-treated sewage from a sanitary sewer collection system.
Untreated sewage water in such areas can contaminate the environment and cause diseases such as
diarrhea.
Pipes are blocked by tree roots, grease and debris in sewage.
Sewage often causes problems when people flush chemical and pharmaceutical substances down the
toilet. When people are ill, sewage often carries harmful viruses and bacteria into the environment
causing health problems.
SOLUTIONS:
Many older wastewater treatment facilities require upgrading because of increasingly strict water quality
standards, but this is often difficult because of limited space for expansion. In order to allow improvement of
treatment efficiencies without requiring more land area, new treatment methods have been developed.
The membrane bioreactor process

hollow-fibre microfiltration membrane modules are submerged in a
single tank in which aeration, secondary clarification, and filtration
can occur, thereby providing both secondary and tertiary treatment in
a small land area.
Ballasted floc reactor

the settling rate of suspended solids is increased by using sand and a polymer to help
coagulate the suspended solids and form larger masses called flocs. The sand is separated
from the sludge in a hydroclone, a relatively simple apparatus into which the water is
introduced near the top of a cylinder at a tangent so that heavy materials such as sand
are “spun” by centrifugal force toward the outside wall. The sand collects by gravity at the
bottom of the hydroclone and is recycled back to the reactor.
Biological aerated filters

use a basin with submerged media that serves as both a contact surface for
biological treatment and a filter to separate solids from the wastewater. Fine-bubble
aeration is applied to facilitate the process, and routine backwashing is used to clean
the media. The land area required for a biological aerated filter is only about 15
percent of the area required for a conventional activated sludge system.
The impacts of urbanisation on a catchment by reducing its permeability and increasing surface water
runoff. This reduces opportunities for water to be managed naturally with the potential for pollution
and localised flooding when the piped systems cannot cope with rainfall.
Sustainable drainage is a concept that includes

long term environmental and social factors in
decisions about drainage. It takes account of the
quantity and quality of runoff, and the amenity
and aesthetic value of surface water in the urban
environment. Many existing urban drainage
systems can cause problems of flooding, pollution
or damage to the environment and are not
proving to be sustainable in the context of wider
challenges from climate change and urbanisation.
• Manage runoff volumes and flow rates from

hard surfaces, reducing the impact of
urbanisation on flooding
• Provide opportunities for using runoff where it
falls
• Protect or enhance water quality (reducing
pollution from runoff)
• Protect natural flow regimes in watercourses
• Providee an attractive habitat for wildlife in
urban watercourses
• Provide opportunities for evapotranspiration
from vegetation and surface water
• Encourage natural groundwater/aquifer
recharge (where appropriate)
• Create better places to live, work and play.
MINIMIZE WATER USE WHEN IT'S
RAINING. Wait to wash clothes or run the INSPECT YOUR SEWER CLEANOUT. The cleanout
dishwasher until the rain stops to lessen the typically is a small pipe, about 4 inches in diameter,
burden on the sanitary system. Reduce water used to access the lateral line for cleaning. Make sure
use by installing low-flow toilets and shower the cap to the cleanout pipe is on and has not been
heads and turn off the water when you shave damaged and replace it if necessary to prevent
or brush your teeth. rainwater from entering the sewer system.
DISPOSE OF HOUSEHOLD CHEMICALS AND

AUTOMOTIVE FLUIDS PROPERLY – NOT
HAVE YOUR HOUSEHOLD SEWER LINE INSPECTED
DOWN HOUSEHOLD DRAINS OR CURBSIDE
AND REPLACED IF NECESSARY (OR URGE YOUR
STORM DRAINS. Anything you put down
LANDLORD TO DO SO). A lateral line connects the
sinks and storm drains can end up in local
pipes in your house to the main city sewer pipes.
creeks and the Bay or ocean.
Lateral lines are often old and frequently cause
RECOMMENDATIONS sewer backups from blockages or tree roots. Call
your local Department of Public Works for more
information on local grants or loans to help cover the
costs.
DON’T PUT FATS, OILS OR GREASE DOWN THE
DRAIN. These substances clog both your
plumbing and the sewer system, causing
backups . Pour cooled fats, oils and grease
into a can with a lid, or mix it with an AVOID PLANTING TREES AND
absorbent material such as cat litter and put SHRUBS NEAR YOUR HOUSEHOLD
it in the trash. SEWER LINE. Plant roots are one of
ELIMINATE ANY CONNECTIONS the most common causes of lateral
BETWEEN YOUR STORM SEWER PIPES line problems.
AND SANITARY SEWER
PIPES. Disconnect downspouts and
sump pumps if they are connected to
the sanitary sewer system. These
connections cause spills and are illegal.

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S E W A G E

Removal in a waterborne sewer systems (sewerage) On-Site Sanitation System

The private and public sewer lines are cracked.

Pipes are blocked by tree roots, grease and debris in sewage.

The membrane bioreactor process

Ballasted floc reactor

Biological aerated filters

Sustainable drainage is a concept that includes

• Manage runoff volumes and flow rates from

DISPOSE OF HOUSEHOLD CHEMICALS AND

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