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The Maragtas story and Code of Kalantiaw, which claim to document pre-Hispanic Philippine history and laws, have been discovered to be hoaxes with no historical validity. Researchers found that the Maragtas story, purportedly based on pre-Hispanic sources, was likely an original work not transcribing actual documents. The Code of Kalantiaw, said to be a legal code from 1433, was found to have been deliberately fabricated in 1913 as part of a historical novel. William Henry Scott was able to show in his 1968 dissertation that the historian Jose Marco had faked the Code of Kalantiaw. While presented as authentic early history, both works are now recognized as historical fabric

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Cyril Denise Baranquil
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64 views2 pages

Riph

The Maragtas story and Code of Kalantiaw, which claim to document pre-Hispanic Philippine history and laws, have been discovered to be hoaxes with no historical validity. Researchers found that the Maragtas story, purportedly based on pre-Hispanic sources, was likely an original work not transcribing actual documents. The Code of Kalantiaw, said to be a legal code from 1433, was found to have been deliberately fabricated in 1913 as part of a historical novel. William Henry Scott was able to show in his 1968 dissertation that the historian Jose Marco had faked the Code of Kalantiaw. While presented as authentic early history, both works are now recognized as historical fabric

Uploaded by

Cyril Denise Baranquil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CYRIL DENISE C.

BARANQUIL
AB ENGLISH LANGUAGE 1A

ACTIVITY # 1
INSTRUCTION :
Analyze the origin and the development of fake news in the Maragtas story and the Code of
Kalantiaw . How did the researchers discover that they are hoaxes?
The Maragtas is an original work that purports to be based on written and oral sources of which
no copy has survived. The author makes no claim that the work contains a transcription of
particular pre-Hispanic documents. The work consists of a publisher`s introduction by Salvador
Laguda, a foreword by the author, six chapters, and an epilogue. The first chapter describes the
former customs, clothes, dialect, heredity, organization, etc. One datu, Paiburong, was given the
territory of Irong-Irong, which is now the province of Iloilo in the Philippines; the third chapter
tells of the romance of Sumakwel, Kapinangan, and her lover Gurung-garung ; the fourth
chapter concludes the tale of the ten datus, telling about their political arrangements and their
circumnavigation of the island; the fifth chapter describes language, commerce, clothing,
customs, marriages, funerals, mourning habits, cockfighting, timekeeping techniques,
calendars, and personal characteristics; the sixth and final chapter gives a list of Spanish
officials between 1637 and 1808; the epilog contains a few eighteenth-century dates.
The historian William Henry Scott mentioned an intriguing Maragtas-related study in a book that
was published in 1984. According to Scott, a work co-written by historian H. The Margitas and
"the ancient writing in which it was originally inscribed" are mentioned by Otley Beyer, the
founder of the Anthropology Department of the University of the Philippines. Scott cited Beyer
as saying: A remarkable document known as "Margitas," dating probably from about 1225, was
preserved in Panay and transliterated into romanized Visayan in early Spanish days. The myth
that the Maragtas was not an original work but rather a transcription by Pedro Alcantara
Monteclaro.
The Code of Rajah Kalantiaw, a supposed legal code in the epic history Maragtas, is credited to
Datu Kalantiaw, a chief on the Philippine island of Negros, who is said to have created it in
1433. According to some sources, the documents proving the code's existence and history
"appear to be deliberate fabrications with no historical validity," as stated by historians. These
documents were written in 1913 by a priest named Jose Marco as part of a historical novel titled
Las antiguas leyendas de la Isla de Negros (English: The Ancient Legends of the Island of
Negros). In 1917, the historian Jose Marco wrote about the Code of Kalantiaw in his book
Historia Prehispana de Filipinas ("Prehispanic History of the Philippines") where he moved the
location of the Code`s origin from Negros to the Panay province of Aklan because he suspected
that it may be related to the Ati-atihan festival. William Henry Scott, a Doctoral candidate at the
University of Santo Tomas at the time, started looking for prehistoric sources for the study of
Philippine history in 1965. In the end, Scott was able to show that Marco had faked the code. No
questions were raised regarding the chapter Scott titled "The Contributions of Jose E. Marco to
Philippine Historiography" when he presented these conclusions in his doctoral dissertation,
which was defended on June 16, 1968, before a group of differentiated Filipino historians,
including Teodoro Agoncillo, Horacio de la Costa, Marcelino Foronda, Mercedes Grau
Santamaria, Nicolas Zafra, and Gregorio Zaide. However, a decoration known as the Order of
Kalantiao was established in 1971 to be given to any Filipino person for exceptional and
honorable performance services to the Republic in the administration of justice and in the field
of law.

Readings and video clip

1. Halili, C.N. ( 2004 ) Philippine History ( pp. 8-12) Quezon City , Philippines : Rex Book Store Inc.

2. Torrecampo, R. ( 2015) Maragtas Story, Code of Kalantiaw et al . History that never was.

http://www.lifesomundane .net

3. GMA7 ( 2015, November 8) Code of Kalantiaw : Isang historical hoax ( video File )

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