Luis Manuel L.

Roxas N014
Wednesday (8:00-10:00am) 09971491070
Module Pretest No. 2

Read each question carefully and encircle the letter that corresponds to the best
answer.

1. What problem-solving strategy includes using an “if – then” approach in solving

the problem?
a. Logical reasoning c. Guess and Check
b. Working backward d. Divide and conquer
2. What do you call problems that are written for formal exams with time limits?
a. Recreational problems c. Contest problems
b. Open-ended problems d. Real – life problems
3. Which of the following questions can be answered by inductive reasoning?
a. What is the next term in the sequence 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64
b. The nth term is given by 2ⁿ. What is the 7th term in the sequence above?
c. The water froze at -2⁰C, -8⁰C, -12 ⁰C, and -1 ⁰C. It did not freeze at 2 ⁰C,
10⁰C, or 4⁰C. At what temperature does water freeze?
4. What is the one’s digit of 2^25?
a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8
5. What comes next: 2, 3, 5, 9, 17?
a. 32 b. 33 c. 34 d. 35
Luis Manuel L. Roxas N014
Wednesday (8:00-10:00am) 09971491070
Learning Task for Lesson No. 2.1

I. Get data of the population from your barangay and present it using a table or a
graph.

graph of population in the year 1990 - 2015 of Brgy. Caridad, Baybay City, Leyte

II. Construct a problem and provide a solution to it using any of the strategies.
1. If SOLUTION:

3 + 5 = -16 (3+5) (3-5) = -16 Thus, the value of 5+15 is

4 + 7 = -33 (4+7) (4-7) = -33

1 + 6 = -35 (1+6) (1-6) = -35 (5+15) (5-15) = -200

2 + 8 = -60 (2+8) (2-8) = -60

Find the value of 5 + 15 = ?

Luis Manuel L. Roxas N014
Wednesday (8:00-10:00am) 09971491070
Assessment for Lesson No. 2.1

I. Logical Reasoning, Answer the following questions.

a. Five candles stand burning in a living room. A strong breeze blows through an
open window and extinguishes two of them. Assuming the wind does not smother
any more candles, how many candles do have left in the end?
- 3 left, because it’s said that a strong breeze blows through and open window
and extinguishes two of them. And it is said that the wind does not smother any more
candles.
-Therefore, only 3 candles left.

b. A roster leaves an egg at the topmost of a slanted building. Which side is the egg
going to roll off?
- If we draw a two slanted building in two opposite directions, it will roll in
either direction of those two buildings because the questions don’t specify in what
direction does the building being slanted. By the way, if we are really going to look
deeper into this question, this scenario never happened, roster do not lay eggs.
However, the question does not state that the roster laid the egg, just that it left one,
presumably one it took from hen.

II. Make/Construct a problem that can be solved using different problem-solving

strategies. Choose (2) two heuristics.
1. Aldous and Jianne are invited to a birthday party where the venue is 1km away
from their subdivision. Aldous decided to go to Jianne’s house first so that they will
go to the party together. Jianne’s house located beside their subdivision’s gate, is 50
meters away from his house. After getting ready, it took 40 minutes for Aldous to
arrive in Jianne’s house. Then it took them 2 hours and 50 minutes to travel from
Jianne’s house to the venue. They arrived at 6:00 pm in the venue. Compute the
distance traveled together, if they left at Jianne’s house at 5:00 pm and at what time
did Aldous left his house?
2. In other barangay, they had an outbreak covid-19. Covid-19 will spread at least 14
people in just one sneeze of an infected person that they had a close contact with
and 3 persons was confirmed positive of this virus. How many possible people that
will have this virus?
Luis Manuel L. Roxas N014
Wednesday (8:00-10:00am) 09971491070
Learning Task for Lesson No. 2.2

I. Solve the problem generated from the previous lesson using Polya’s solving.

1. If 3 + 5 = -16
4 + 7 = -33
1 + 6 = -35
2 + 8 = -60
Find the value of 5 + 15 =?
STEP 1: UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM
What is the value of 5 + 15?
STEP 2: DEVISE A PLAN
Use the logical reasoning
STEP 3: CARRY OUT THE PLAN

SOLUTION:
Thus, the value of 5+15 is
(3+5) (3-5) = -16
(4+7) (4-7) = -33
(5+15) (5-15) = -200
(1+6) (1-6) = -35
(2+8) (2-8) = -60

STEP 4: LOOK BACK

The computations above are correct since everything is solved carefully and
systematically.
Luis Manuel L. Roxas N014
Wednesday (8:00-10:00am) 09971491070
Assessment for Lesson No. 2.2

INSTRUCTION: Solve each problem following Polya’s steps in solving problems.

Identify the strategy that is being used.

1.) ANSWER
STEP 1: UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM
Swiper stole half and plus two more of Dora’s cookies, three times. Only two
pieces of cookies left. How many cookies in all?
STEP 2: DEVISE A PROBLEM
Use the working-backward strategy.
STEP 3: CARRY OUT THE PLAN
Add 2 to the remaining cookies and then multiply it by 2. Let x be the
remaining cookies.
Solution:
(x+2)2 = cookies
(2+2)2 = 8
(8+2)2 = 20
(20+2)2 = 44
So there are 44 cookies in Dora’s backpack all in all.
STEP 4: LOOK BACK
(44/2)-2 = 20
(20/2)-2 = 8
(8/2)-2 = 2
We come up with the same value of the remaining cookies, so the solution is
correct.
2.) ANSWER
STEP 1: UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM
In this problem what we need to solve is the number of cows and ducks in
Irish father’s farm. The data that her father told her is that his animals had 26 heads
and 68 legs. It can be hypothesized that there are 26 total numbers of heads for
cows and ducks and 68 total numbers of legs for cows and ducks.
The question is, how can we know the exact number of cows and ducks
present in her father’s farm?
STEP 2: DEVISE A PLAN
The strategy that can be applied to this problem is the guess and check and
logical reasoning. Specifically, we can apply the strategy by using algebra in
answering the problem. Now lets us make some assumption.
Let c = be the number of cows
Let d = be the number of ducks
Let f = be the number of feet for cows and ducks
STEP 3: CARRY OUT THE PLAN
Based on our premises and assumptions above, we can make an equation
that can represent these, that is:
(26 – c) 2 + 4 (c) = 68
52 – 2c + 4c = 68
52 + 2c = 68
2c = 68 – 52
2c = 16
C=8
Take note that we let c as the number of cows and d as the number of ducks.
Also we hypothesized that the total of cows and ducks is 26. It can be written
mathematically as:
c + d = 26
As we know c = 8, substituting this value in equation above
c + d = 26
8 + d = 26
d = 26 ‘- 8
d = 18
Therefore, the total number of ducks and cows are 18 and 8, respectively.
STEP 4: LOOK BACK
To know if we’re getting the correct answer, use the equations
(c + d) = 26 and (4c + 2d) = 68
Combine the equations, we get
(c+d) + (4c+2d) = 26+ 68
Subtitute the c=8 and d=18 in equation above
(8+18)+[4(18)+2(18)] = 26 + 68
26 + (32+36) = 26 + 68
94 = 94
Hence, the process above in solving the problem is correct.
3.) ANSWER
STEP 1: UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM
Given the normal time that Alden arrived at the train station and the time
Nikka leave the house to get Alden.
Now if one day the routine had change. And Alden wants to walk, then if they
arrived the house 10mins. Earlier than normal day. How many minutes did Alden
walked?
STEP 2: DEVISE A PLAN
We can use the “divide and conquer” strategy. Let x= no. of minutes that
Alden walked. Let t1= time when they both arrived in their house. Let t0= time Nikka
leave the house so let t0= 4:30pm. We need to multiply 2 for back and forth period.
STEP 3: CARRY OUT THE PLAN
Normal day,
Alden arrived at train station: 5:00pm
Nikka leaves the house to pick up Alden: t0= 4:30pm
The time they both arrived at the house:
[(5:00pm ‘- 4:30pm)x2]+5:00pm = t1
[(0:30hr)x2]+ 5:00pm = t1
(1hr +5:00pm) = t1
t1 = 6:00pm, Normal arrival time at the house
On Tuesday scenario,
Alden arrival at train station: 4:00pm
Nikka leaves the house to pick up Alden: 4:30pm
New arrival time at the house: (Normal time) ‘- 10mins
: 6:00pm ‘- 10mins
 : 5:50pm
How many minutes Alden walked: x
SOLUTION:
[(4:00pm+x)’-4:30pm]x2+4:00pm=5:50pm
[(x-0:30hr)x2] +4:00pm=5:50pm
(2x-1hr)+(4:00pm)=5:50pm
2x=5:50pm+1hr’-4:00pm
2x=2:50hrs
x=1.25hrs or 85mins Alden walked before he met Nikka
STEP 4: LOOK BACK
Let’s subtitute value of x=85mins will result to have new arrival time which is
10mins advance than normal days.
[4:00pm+(1.25hrs)’-4:30pm]x2+4:00pm = t1
(0.55hr)x2+4:00pm = t1
1:50hrs+4:00pm = 5:50pm
Therefore, my answer is correct.
4.) ANSWER
STEP 1: UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM
The known data in the problem are the following:
Php 850,000 = original price of the car
20% = discount given to Barbara
10% and 5% = discount given to Dominic
The questions required in the problem are the following:
Was Dominic’s decision in buying the car is correct or not?
Did Barbara and Dominic pay the same price?
STEP 2: DEVISE A PLAN
Guess and check and logical reasoning are the strategies that are best
applied in this problem. By utilizing algebra, which has a topic about discount, we
can solve the problem easily. Now, there is no need for assumptions because all of
the necessary data are known in solving for the discount price that they both acquire.
All we have to do is to solve their individual discounted price to know if Dominic’s
decision is correct and then compare to know if they both paid the same price.
STEP 3: CARRY OUT THE PLAN
Original price: PHP 850,000
Price at 20% off offered to Barbara:
(100-20)% x 850,000
= 80% x 850,000
=0.80 x 850,000
=680,000 pesos
The amount paid by Barbara with a discount of 20% is PHP 650,000
Price offered to Dominic:
Initial discount offered at 10%
(100’-10)% x 850,000
90% x 850,000
0.90 x 850,000
765,000 pesos
Additional discount offered at 5%
(100’-5)% x 765,000
95% x 765,000
0.95 x 765,000
726,750 pesos amount paid by Dominic.
Thus, Dominic was wrong in thinking that he paid the same price as Barbara.
STEP 4: LOOK BACK
The computations above are correct since everything is solved carefully and
systematically.
5.) ANSWER
STEP 1: UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM
To find the shortest distance of the route.
STEP 2: DEVISE THE PLAN
Pythagorean Theorem is the strategy that is best applied in this problem.
STEP 3: CARRY OUT THE PLAN
My aunt’s
house
12km

1km

My house

2km
m

Solution:

12km
90 Pythagorean Theorem
a2 + b2 = c2
3km c = √¿
c = √ (3)2+(12)2
c = √ 9+144
c = √ 153
c = 12.37 km
Therefore, 12.37km is the shortest distance of the route.
STEP 4: LOOK BACK
The computations above are correct since everything is solved carefully and
systematically.
Luis Manuel L. Roxas N014
Wednesday (8:00-10:00am) 09971491070
Learning Task for Lesson No. 2.3

1. Read any civil/criminal case in the Philippines and evaluate how it was decided by
the court. Cite how the lawyers of both parties presented their arguments and
reasoning. Justify your answer.

Boracay Foundation, Inc. V. The Province of Aklan, represented by Governor

Carlito S. Marquiez, the Philippine Reclamation Authority and the DENR – EMB
(REGION VI); G.R 196870, June 26, 2012; Justice Teresita J. Leonardo.

This case petitions for continuing mandamus, the Boracay Foundation, Inc.
prayed for the issuance of an EPO against the Province of Aklan to stop its land
reclamation of 2.64 hectares through beach enhancement of the old Caticlan
coastline for the rehabilitation and expansion of the existing jetty port.
The Court held that reclamation is classified as a national project that affects
the environmental and ecological balance of local communities, and prior consulation
with affected local communities, and prior approval of the project by the appropriate
sanggunian – which were not complied with.

Lawyers of both parties presented their arguments and reasoning are the following;
 Petitioner Boracay Foundation:
(1) Cited preliminary geohazard assessment study on the
vulnerability of the coastal zone within the proposed project site and the
nearby coastal area due to the effect of sea level rise and climate change
which will affect Caticlan and nearby communication.
 Respondents of Aklan:
(1) Claimed that the petition was premature because is failed to
exhaust administrative remedies provided under Section 6 of the Department
of Environmental and Natural Resources (DENR)
(2) Petition became moot and academic because of the
Sangguniang Barangay of Caticlan and the Sangguniang Bayan of Malay
gave their favorable endorsements to the proposed reclamation project.
 The Court:
(1) The resolution of the two LGU’s are not enough to render the
petition moot since there are explicit conditions imposed that must be
complied with the province; and
(2) The petition cannot be dismissed for failure to exhaust
administrative remedies.
 Conclusion:
(1) Respondents cooperate with DENR
(2) Respondents immediately cease from continuing the
implementation of the project
(3) Philippine Reclamation Authority closely monitor the
submission by respondent Province of Aklan of the requirements to be issued
by respondent DENR – EMB
(4) Petitioner Boracay Foundation and all respondents submit
their perspective reports to the Court regarding their compliance.

2. Verify that each of the following statements is a false statement by finding a

counterexample for each. For all real numbers n:
a. n^2 > n
Let n = 1
Substitute: 1^2 > 1
We all know that 1 = 1, thus my answer is correct.

b. n/n = 1
Let n = 0
Substitute: 0/0 = undefined
Therefore, my answer is correct.
Luis Manuel L. Roxas N014
Wednesday (8:00-10:00am) 09971491070
Assessment for Lesson No. 2.3

Solve each problem neatly and systematically.

1. Use deductive reasoning to show that the following procedures produce a number
that is one less than twice the original number.
Procedure: Pick a number, multiply the number by 4, add 8 to the product, divide the
sum by 2, and subtract 5.
Solution:
Let n be the original number
Multiply the number by 4: 4n
Add 8 to the product: 4n+8
Divide the result by 2: 4n+8/2 = 2n+4
Subtract by 5: 2n+4-5 = 2n-1
The solution started with n and ended with 2n-1. This implies that the procedure
given in this example produces a number that is one less than twice the original
number.
2. Use inductive reasoning to predict the next number in each of the list.
a. -2, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10
To predict the next number, you must add 2 on each sum.
b. 1, 2, 5, 10, 17, 26
In order to predict the next number, you must add the next odd number, which
is 9.
c. 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, 37
This is the same as b so, you must add the next odd number, which is 11.
3. Verify that the statement is incorrect by giving a counterexample.
a. |x| ≥ 5
Let x = 4, so |4| ≥ 5 is incorrect.
-4 ≤ x ≤ 4
Luis Manuel L. Roxas N014
Wednesday (8:00-10:00am) 09971491070
Module Posttest No. 2

Read each questions carefully and encircle the letter that corresponds to the best
answer.

1. What do you call mathematical questions that are sometimes vaguely worded, and
possibly have many solutions?
a. Recreational Problems c. Contest Problems
b. Open-ended Problems d. Real-life Problems
2. The nine directors of the Whacky Widget Corporation always open their annual
board meetings with a special ceremony in which each director shakes hands with
each other directors. How many handshakes take place?
a. 9 b. 18 c. 36 d. 72
3. What comes next: 2, 1, 4, 3, 6, 5, 8, 7, ?
a. 9 b. 10 c. 11 d. 12
4. Theil has twice as many stamps as Neil. After she gave Neil 6 stamps, she still
has 8 more stamps than Neil. How many stamps did Theil have originally?
a. 32 b. 36 c. 40 d. 44
5. When the integer n is divided by 8, the remainder is 3. What is the remainder if 6n
is divided by 8?
a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3