DCS & SCADA conceptions

Truong Dinh Chau

(+84) (0)91. 543-74-40
[email protected],
[email protected]
http://truongdinhchau.com
DCS
● A distributed control system (DCS) refers to a control
system usually of a manufacturing system, process or any kind
of dynamic system, in which the controller elements are not
central in location (like the brain) but are distributed throughout
the system with each component sub-system controlled by one
or more controllers.

● The entire system of controllers is connected by networks for

communication and monitoring.

● DCS is a very broad term used in a variety of industries, to

monitor and control distributed equipment.

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DCS
● The elements of a DCS may connect directly to physical
equipment such as switches, pumps and valves and to HMI via
SCADA.

● The differences between a DCS and SCADA is often subtle,

especially with advances in technology allowing the functionality
of each to overlap

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DCS
DCS = PAC + Distributed I/Os + Distributed Controllers +
Networks + HMIs + Configuration software + Dev. Software

PAC: Process Automation Control

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DCS componens

Software
- System engineering tools
PAC (PAC, Device buses,
Station Third party devices, HMI, …)
- Devices Library
- Process Library
-…

Hardware

-PAC Platforms
- CPUs
PAC
Station - Local I/O
- Remote I/O
- Distributed I/O
- HMI Terminal
- Networks & Device buses
-…
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 Definition of SCADA

 Real-time DAQ
SCADA -  Processing
Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition  Archives
Supervision, Control And Data Acquisition  Monitoring
 Control

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Functional organization of SCADA system

● Information data acquisition from controllers located in the low

level
● Saving the obtained data in storages
● Processing of obtained information
● Graphical interpretation
● Receiving command from operator and transfer them to
controllers
● Event registration regarding to control process and personal
actions
● Prevention or notification about events and alarms
● Reporting
● Data exchange with enterprise automated control systems
● Direct automatic control of control processes

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Technical keywords of SCADA system
● Graphics displays
● Tag
● Alarms, Events
● Trends: Real-time, historical
● Report
● I/O driver
● I/O server
● Real-time
● Multitasking
● Openness
● Scalability
● Data access
● Database
● Networking
● Fault tolerance and redundancy
● Client/server distributed processing
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Typicall tasks in SCADA system

●Input/output task
This program is the interface between the control and
monitoring system and the plant floor.
●Alarm task
This manages all alarms by detecting digital alarm points and
comparing the values of analog alarm points to alarm
thresholds.
●Trends task
The trends task collects data to be monitored over time.
●Reports task
Reports are produced from plant data. These reports can be
periodic, event triggered or activated by the operator.
●Display task
This manages all data to be monitored by the operator and all
control actions requested by the operator.
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 Distributed architecture in modern SCADA systems

●Open architecture design

●Real-time multitasking
●Client/server fully supported with
no user configuration
●Distributed project updates
(changes reflected across
network)
●Concurrent support of multiple
display nodes
●Access any tag from any node
●Access any data (trend, alarm,
report) from any node

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Popular SCADA packages
SCADA Company Country
Citect Schneider Electric France
InTouch Wonderware USA
Factory Talk Rockwell Automation USA
iFIX Intellution USA
GeniDAQ Advantech Taiwan
Genesis32 Iconics USA
Trace Mode AdAstra Russia
Vijeo Look Schneider Electric France
Factory Link United States Data USA
LabView National Instruments USA
WinCC Siemens Germany
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Typical structure

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PAC station software integration
How to share the variables between the different software tools?

SCADA

Software
Software
1 -Import / Export
(.TXT, .SCY,.XSY,.XVM)
Modicon
PAC Controller -Static Link
2
HMI
PAC Other
Station -Dynamic Link
HMI Ethernet Remote
PAC
IO
Remote
(.STU, .XVM, .XEF)
PAC IO station
station
DIO

DIO
3 -SpeedLink (Vijeo Citect)
(Static / Dynamic)

-Data dictionary
4 (online, run mode
change)
Field devices

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 PAC station integration

Unity Vijeo OFS

Pro Designer .XVM
Elementary data type (EDT)

1 Table,
Structure
Derived data type (DDT)
.STU, .XEF, .XVM Elementary function block

2 (EFB)Derived function block (DFB)

with Public variables ( V3.3 ) and

input/Output)
Data Dictionary
FCHMI
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.STU
SpeedLink Elementary data type (EDT)
Table, structure
3 Derived data type (DDT)
Elementary function block (EFB)
Derived function block (DFB)
Citect I/O derived data type (IODDT)

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Distributed vs. Centralized

Distributed Architecture (ETH) Centralized Architecture (in rack)

Standard communication protocol Optional redundant cabling
Off-the-shelf cabling system Optional redundant power supply
Greater distances on Fiber Possible remote rack serial comm
Fiber optic: wide offer Hardware configuration handled by
Virtually unlimited topology the programming environment
deployment (including FO ring) Synchronous I/O data exchanges
Potential mix of I/Os and devices Unity Pro Integrated diagnostic scheme
Possibly multiple I/O streams and operating mode strategy
Single I/O stream

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Process centric vs. Remote centric
Process Centric Remote Centric

• Continuous process • Sporadic monitoring and

automation and control; control;
• Maintained • Comfortable on slow
communication links; and unpredictable Remote
• Localized; communication links; Locations

• Remote;

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Sample
systems

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Training panel

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